EP1817815B1 - Antenne radio mobile a double bande - Google Patents

Antenne radio mobile a double bande Download PDF

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Publication number
EP1817815B1
EP1817815B1 EP05813618A EP05813618A EP1817815B1 EP 1817815 B1 EP1817815 B1 EP 1817815B1 EP 05813618 A EP05813618 A EP 05813618A EP 05813618 A EP05813618 A EP 05813618A EP 1817815 B1 EP1817815 B1 EP 1817815B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
reflector
plane
dipole antenna
dipole
antenna element
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Active
Application number
EP05813618A
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German (de)
English (en)
Other versions
EP1817815A1 (fr
Inventor
Maximilian GÖTTL
Magnus Hubner
Felix Micheel
Michael Boss
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Kathrein SE
Original Assignee
Kathrein Werke KG
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Publication date
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Publication of EP1817815A1 publication Critical patent/EP1817815A1/fr
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Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
    • H01Q1/00—Details of, or arrangements associated with, antennas
    • H01Q1/12—Supports; Mounting means
    • H01Q1/22—Supports; Mounting means by structural association with other equipment or articles
    • H01Q1/24—Supports; Mounting means by structural association with other equipment or articles with receiving set
    • H01Q1/241—Supports; Mounting means by structural association with other equipment or articles with receiving set used in mobile communications, e.g. GSM
    • H01Q1/246—Supports; Mounting means by structural association with other equipment or articles with receiving set used in mobile communications, e.g. GSM specially adapted for base stations
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
    • H01Q1/00—Details of, or arrangements associated with, antennas
    • H01Q1/12—Supports; Mounting means
    • H01Q1/22—Supports; Mounting means by structural association with other equipment or articles
    • H01Q1/24—Supports; Mounting means by structural association with other equipment or articles with receiving set
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
    • H01Q19/00—Combinations of primary active antenna elements and units with secondary devices, e.g. with quasi-optical devices, for giving the antenna a desired directional characteristic
    • H01Q19/10—Combinations of primary active antenna elements and units with secondary devices, e.g. with quasi-optical devices, for giving the antenna a desired directional characteristic using reflecting surfaces
    • H01Q19/108—Combination of a dipole with a plane reflecting surface
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
    • H01Q21/00—Antenna arrays or systems
    • H01Q21/24—Combinations of antenna units polarised in different directions for transmitting or receiving circularly and elliptically polarised waves or waves linearly polarised in any direction
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
    • H01Q5/00—Arrangements for simultaneous operation of antennas on two or more different wavebands, e.g. dual-band or multi-band arrangements
    • H01Q5/40—Imbricated or interleaved structures; Combined or electromagnetically coupled arrangements, e.g. comprising two or more non-connected fed radiating elements
    • H01Q5/42—Imbricated or interleaved structures; Combined or electromagnetically coupled arrangements, e.g. comprising two or more non-connected fed radiating elements using two or more imbricated arrays
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
    • H01Q5/00—Arrangements for simultaneous operation of antennas on two or more different wavebands, e.g. dual-band or multi-band arrangements
    • H01Q5/40—Imbricated or interleaved structures; Combined or electromagnetically coupled arrangements, e.g. comprising two or more non-connected fed radiating elements
    • H01Q5/48—Combinations of two or more dipole type antennas

Definitions

  • the invention relates to an antenna, in particular a mobile radio antenna, for operation in at least two frequency bands.
  • Multi-range antennas are known from the prior art, which make it possible to receive or transmit radiation in at least two different frequency ranges.
  • the document shows DE 198 23 749 A1 a dual polarized multigrade antenna comprising first and second radiators.
  • the first and second radiators radiate in different frequency ranges and comprise dual polarized dipole radiators arranged on a reflector and radiating in polarizations oriented at + 45 ° and -45 ° to the vertical.
  • the first radiators comprise cross dipoles that radiate in an upper frequency band.
  • the radiators in the lower frequency band are dipole squares, wherein in each dipole square a cross dipole is arranged.
  • the distance between the dipoles according to their associated frequency-dependent wavelength with respect to the reflector should not be greater than ⁇ , preferably not greater than ⁇ / 2 in the rule.
  • the lower value for the distance between the dipole elements and the reflector should not be smaller than ⁇ / 16, preferably not smaller than ⁇ / 8.
  • a generic antenna with a tulip-shaped design of a dipole radiator is also from the WO 03/065505 A1 known.
  • the distance of the rod-shaped radiator devices to the plane of the reflector should correspond to about 1/8 to 1/4 of an operating wavelength ⁇ according to this prior publication, ie a region in which the corresponding dipole radiators are usually arranged in front of the reflector.
  • a combination radiator in which sits within the tulip-shaped radiator element for transmission in a low frequency band substantially centrally a dipole-shaped radiator for transmission in a higher frequency band. It is at the centrally arranged additional radiator for the transmission in a higher frequency band to a so-called.
  • Vector dipole as they are basically from DE 198 60 121 A1 is known.
  • An antenna arrangement of a different type is basically made of US 4 081 803 known.
  • On a base or base plate is initially a comparatively thin disc of absorbent material on which an antenna ring is placed on the circumferentially four offset from each other, radiating in two planes of polarization dipole radiator are designed in the manner of a dipole cross, which is located on this antenna ring be located as flat radiator elements.
  • a next absorbent disc is placed on which a small-sized antenna ring is positioned, which is also provided again with four offset in the circumferential direction mutually radiating in two planes of polarization radiator elements.
  • This structure is repeated with a third ring of absorbent material and another antenna disk with dipole radiators formed thereon, wherein in plan view the respective dipole radiators closer to the base plate lie in an outer ring, so that they do not cover the antenna radiators in plan view.
  • the individual disks of absorbent material all have the same thickness, which also corresponds to the thickness of the flat dipole radiator on the antenna rings. This results in a flat sandwich-like structure, with each of the more sedentary from the base plate radiator arrangement, the smaller dimensions is suitable for transmission in a higher frequency band.
  • Another multi-frequency band antenna arrangement is also known from the US 5,485,167 A known.
  • a base plate planar dipole halves of a first radiator arrangement are provided which radiate in a plane of polarization.
  • a two-level lattice-shaped reflector arrangement is provided, above which dipole radiators are arranged, which are aligned perpendicular to the dipole radiators, which are arranged in the lower level.
  • the latticed, consisting of a double floor reflector arrangement for the dipole radiator for the higher frequency band is dimensioned so that this grid-shaped arrangement is permeable to the frequency band which is to be emitted via the lower dipoles.
  • the object of the invention is - starting from the generic state of the art - to create a working in several frequency bands antenna, which has improved radiation properties in each frequency band.
  • the antenna according to the invention comprises a plurality of radiators, which are arranged in front of an electrically conductive and preferably metallic reflector, which comprises a flat surface which forms the reflector plane.
  • the radiators each comprise one or more radiation edges and / or one or more rod-shaped elements, which represent the essential parts of the dipole radiators and are also referred to below as radiator or dipole radiator structure.
  • the radiators are further each in a radiating plane, are arranged in the radiation edges and / or the rod-shaped elements of the radiator, each radiating plane is substantially parallel to the reflector plane or at most inclined at an angle of ⁇ 5 ° relative to the reflector plane.
  • first and second radiators are provided, wherein one or more of the first radiators in a common first radiating plane and one or more of the second radiators lie in a common second radiating plane and radiating in different frequency bands.
  • the first emitters are operated here in an upper frequency band and the second emitters in a lower frequency band.
  • the antenna according to the invention is characterized in that the distance of the first radiating plane from the reflector plane is at least 90% and at most 150% of the distance of the second radiating plane from the reflector plane.
  • the solution according to the invention provides further design possibilities for the radiation pattern, ie for the radiation pattern shaping, and in particular for the upper frequency band.
  • the half-value width can also be changed in a particularly favorable manner, the forward / reverse ratio can be improved, and an improved side lobe attenuation can be realized.
  • the first and the second radiation plane are spaced at substantially the same distance from the reflector plane.
  • pedestals which are connected to the reflector and are preferably at least partially electrically conductive are used according to the invention.
  • a first radiator is arranged on each pedestal.
  • the pedestal can be referred to as a platform or as an auxiliary reflector, which has a longitudinal and transverse extension in the longitudinal and transverse directions parallel to the reflector, which is greater than the cross section of the base or the symmetrization of the associated dipole radiator.
  • the pedestals on their upper side on an electrically conductive and preferably metallic podium top or platform, on each of which a first radiator is positioned.
  • Lobe or flap-shaped extensions can be provided. These can be issued at any angle, for example at an angle of 20 °, with respect to the vertical upwards and obliquely outwards. These lobes can also be considered lying in the plane with the pedestal, in other words, lying parallel to the reflector plane, the pedestal area quasi-expanding, outwardly projecting lobe be formed. Likewise, the lobes can also be angled down.
  • the tabs can be provided only at the side wall sections on the pedestal at a distance from each other, so that in corners between two adjacent flaps an open angle range remains.
  • the lobes can also be formed as a peripheral boundary or wall on the pedestal, over which the associated radiator rises upwards. Finally, but can be dispensed with the rag altogether.
  • the lobes - if they are provided - specific length and cross dimensions in order to achieve an optimization.
  • the spotlight standing on the pedestal can be mounted with its pedestal on top of the pedestal or the platform formed by the pedestal.
  • pedestal and base of the associated radiator can also be integrally formed, wherein in a corresponding amount then the laterally projecting over the base conductive or metallic surface is provided, which can be referred to as podium top, plateau or auxiliary reflector.
  • one or more first radiators are each substantially centered within a second one Spotlight arranged.
  • one or more first radiators are each arranged substantially centrally between adjacent second radiators. The arrangement in plan view thus substantially corresponds to that in the document DE 198 23 749 A1 shown arrangement.
  • further radiation planes can also exist in which the radiation edges and / or the rod-shaped elements of first and / or second radiators are arranged. In this way, the radiation field of the antenna can be further adjusted.
  • One or more second emitters may be, for example, dual-polarized dipole squares formed from four dipoles, as described, for example, in the already mentioned DE 198 23 749 A1 are shown.
  • the second radiators may in particular also be cup-shaped, dual-polarized radiators, which have radiation edges or rod-shaped elements at the end remote from the reflector.
  • the second radiators may adopt any embodiment disclosed in the document WO 03/065505 A1 is described.
  • the cup-shaped radiators preferably comprise a plurality of surface area elements which extend obliquely and / or perpendicular to the reflector plane and whose boundary edge remote from the reflector plane is a radiation edge.
  • a first radiator is arranged in plan view of the reflector in one or more of the dipole squares and / or spherical radiators.
  • One or more first radiators are preferably dual polarized Cross dipoles and / or vector dipole radiators.
  • Cross dipoles are for example in the DE 198 23 749 A1 and the structure of vector dipole radiators is from the document DE 198 60 121 A1 known.
  • the reflector has side walls which run in the longitudinal direction of the reflector and extend obliquely and / or vertically out of the reflector plane, the plurality of radiators being arranged between the side walls.
  • possible side walls can be provided on the reflector (which are provided on the outside or offset slightly inwards) in a corresponding height and angled orientation in order to form the radiation pattern over it.
  • the center frequency of the lower frequency band is substantially half as large as the center frequency of the upper frequency band.
  • a plurality of first and second radiators are preferably arranged in the longitudinal direction of the reflector, wherein a first radiator is arranged substantially centrally above each second radiator and a first radiator is arranged substantially centrally between each pair of adjacent second radiators.
  • all first radiators in the first radiating plane and all second radiators in the second radiating plane are arranged.
  • the antenna according to the invention is preferably a mobile radio antenna, their frequency bands are in particular in the GSM, in the CDMA and / or for example in the UMTS mobile radio frequency range.
  • FIG. 1 shows in plan view a section of a reflector sheet 1, which is referred to below as a reflector 1, which extends in the X direction.
  • the reflector comprises a substantially planar reflector base 1a, which forms the reflector plane E.
  • the reflector plate further comprises two extending in the longitudinal or vertical direction X side walls 1 b, which can rise perpendicular or at an angle extending from the plane E of the reflector and limit the reflector on the outer edge, but also be arranged offset from the outer edge further inwardly can.
  • On this reflector 1 are in FIG. 1 two types of spotlights arranged.
  • the first radiator type consists of a dipole radiator 2 in the form of a vector dipole radiator.
  • FIG. 1 Three radiators are shown, which are arranged at equal intervals in the longitudinal direction X side by side and radiate in an upper frequency band, for example in the range of 1700 MHz to 2700 MHz.
  • the structure and operation of vector dipole radiators is well known in the art and in particular in the document DE 198 60 121 A1 described.
  • the vector dipole radiators each comprise a base 2a which extends perpendicularly to the reflector plane E and which in turn consists of a symmetrization 2b which passes through it is formed, that in the base 2a from above in the direction of reflector plane E extending and usually perpendicular to the reflector 1 aligned axial sections, for example, with a length of ⁇ / 4, are introduced, lying away from the reflector plane with the radiator or radiator elements electrically are conductively connected.
  • the axial sections 2e extend almost to the reflector plane E, ie up to a so-called base base 2f (FIG. FIG. 2 ). Therefore, the distance between the dipole elements and the plane of the reflector is about ⁇ / 4 in this embodiment.
  • each balancing 2b two perpendicularly extending and parallel to the reflector plane E extending lines 2c are provided, wherein at each front end of the lines 2c half-dipole components 2d are arranged, which are perpendicular to the respective line and also parallel to the reflector plane E.
  • the vector dipole radiator is constructed in electrical terms like a crossed dipole, each consisting of two mutually perpendicular dipole halves, which radiate in the first polarization plane P1 or P2 ( FIG. 1 ).
  • Such a radiator structure which forms a dipole half in electrical terms is formed constructively in the vector dipole in each case from two half-dipole components 2d oriented perpendicularly to one another, wherein the interconnection of the ends of the symmetrical or essentially or approximately symmetrical lines leading to the respective dipole halves takes place in such a manner, that always the corresponding line halves of the adjacent, mutually perpendicular dipole halves are electrically connected.
  • the electrical supply of each diametrically opposite dipole halves is decoupled for a first polarization and a second polarization orthogonal thereto.
  • the vector dipole radiators thus constructively form a dipole square, but radiate electrically in a + 45 ° polarization P1 or -45 ° polarization P2.
  • radiator structure 102 The dipoles or half-dipole components shown in the radiator 2 ultimately form the dipole structure whose radiator elements are generally referred to as the radiator structure 102, which essentially shape and influence the radiation pattern of this radiator type.
  • the cup-shaped dipole radiator 3 comprises four surface area elements 3 a, wherein the boundary edges 3 f remote from the reflector base 1 a (see FIG. FIG. 2 ) of the surface elements form the dipole beam elements or the radiation pattern essential for the radiator structure 103 in particular by the radiator top surface.
  • the surface elements 3a are fed electrically to four feed points 3b, wherein the feed to the feed points is at least approximately in-phase and approximately symmetrical.
  • the dipole radiator 3 - in analogy to the dipole radiators 2 - to radiate in the + 45 ° polarization P1 and the -45 ° polarization P2.
  • the feed to the feed points 3b in each case so that in each case the outer conductor with the one end of a corresponding Emitter element 3a and the inner conductor with the adjacent end of an adjacent rotated by 90 ° oriented radiating element 3a is electrically connected.
  • gap or slot 3 g which extends to a lower base portion adjacent to the reflector plane E.
  • the individual surface elements 3a of the radiator 3 are trapezoidal in shape and extend substantially obliquely out of the reflector base 1a.
  • the obliquely running out of the reflector bottom edges of the surface elements 3a also have bends 3c, wherein between adjacent folds a gap is formed.
  • This shape and arrangement of the surface elements the cup-shaped shape of the dipole radiator 3 is achieved.
  • the surface elements 3a need not be formed over the entire surface, but may have a frame structure formed of a plurality of rods.
  • all Dipolstrahlerformen are those in the aforementioned application WO 03/065505 A1 are conceivable for use in the present invention.
  • the second radiator 3 radiates in a lower frequency band whose center frequency is substantially half the center frequency of the first radiator 2, that is able to radiate, for example, in the 900 MHz band, ie in the range from 800 MHz to eg 1000 MHz.
  • a radiator 3 are shown with the associated radiator structure 103 for the lower frequency band in addition to the three radiators 2 shown for the higher frequency band with the associated radiator structure.
  • the middle radiator 2 for the higher frequency band is arranged centrally in plan view inside the cup-shaped second radiator 3, this radiator 2 is arranged on a pedestal 4, so that the plane of the lines 2c and especially the semi-dipole components 2d and thus the emitter elements or emitter structure 102 are in the embodiment shown above the upper edge of the spherical emitter 3, which will be described in more detail below with reference to FIG. 2 is explained.
  • the pedestal 4 is preferably made of electrically conductive material or is at least provided with a conductive top layer.
  • the pedestal thus has an upper side, which is aligned parallel to the reflector plane or at least substantially parallel to the reflector plane E.
  • the podium top 4f thus forms a plateau 4f, which is also referred to below as an auxiliary reflector 4f.
  • the size of the auxiliary reflector 4f is larger than the base cross section.
  • the podium top side is formed substantially rectangular or square, which may be provided in the corner regions recesses (as well as from the top view FIG. 1 results).
  • the longitudinal extent of the podium top side or of the plateau 4f in this case has a longitudinal dimension in the X or vertical direction of the reflector 1, which corresponds to at least ⁇ / 4 and at most ⁇ , wherein the smallest value of ⁇ of the wavelength at the lower band limit (lower frequency) of the upper Frequency band corresponds.
  • the largest value for ⁇ corresponds the value at the upper band limit (highest frequency) with respect to the upper transmitted frequency band.
  • the dimensioning in transverse extent transverse to the X or vertical direction of the reflector and is selected.
  • a preferred value for the lower longitudinal or transverse extent for the diameter of the plateau surface is, for example, ⁇ / 4 at a frequency of 2.7 GHz.
  • the dimension for the longitudinal extent in the X or Y direction of the top of the podium corresponds approximately to the height of the pedestal above the plane of the reflector.
  • This measure can thus be for example ⁇ / 4, as well as the preferred distance height of the dipole beam elements with respect to the reflector plane or the plane of the pedestal (which is preferably ⁇ / 4).
  • the distance of the dipole radiators from the plane of the reflector or the podium top side is generally between ⁇ / 16 and ⁇ and preferably ⁇ / 8 to ⁇ / 2, ie preferably ⁇ / 4 (as is fundamentally understood from US Pat DE 198 23 749 A1 is known).
  • ⁇ usually represents a value with respect to the frequency band to be transmitted, preferably the smallest value for ⁇ (corresponding to the upper end of the respective frequency band).
  • a preferred range for the distance of the dipole radiator elements to the reflector plane or to the pedestal height is therefore ⁇ / 6 to ⁇ / 4.
  • the podium top side 4f or the plateau 4f so-called lobes 4a are provided on the boundary sides or edges 4g, which will be discussed in more detail later.
  • the podium top 4f may have different shapes, for example square, rectangular, generally n-polygonal or curved, ie, round, etc., may be, wherein the pedestal is each dimensioned larger than the base cross-section of the corresponding radiator.
  • FIG. 2 shows a sectional view taken along the line II of FIG. 1
  • Out FIG. 2 will again detail the structure of the cup-shaped radiator 3 and the pedestal 4 arranged therein.
  • the individual surface elements 3a consist of a lower, obliquely upwardly extending section 3d, at the upper end of which a perpendicular to the reflector plane E extending portion 3e connects, which ends at upper boundary edges 3f, which form the Dipolstrahlemia the radiator 3
  • the pedestal 4 has downwardly tapered side walls 4b and is hollow inside. Centered on the pedestal of the vector dipole radiator 2 is arranged and from the pedestal also extend the obliquely upwardly extending lobes 4a.
  • the semi-dipole components of a vector dipole radiator 2 arranged on the pedestal lie in a first radiating plane S1, which lies in the vicinity of the radiating plane S2, which is formed by the boundary edges 3f of the spherical radiator 3.
  • the plane S1 is higher than the plane S2.
  • the plane S1 is substantially the same height as the plane S2 or is also arranged slightly below the plane S2.
  • the distance of the plane S1 lies in a range of between 75% and 150% of the distance of the plane S2 from the reflector plane E. This lower limit can also be at 80%, 90%, 100% or even 110% lie.
  • the corresponding upper limit may also be 140%, 130% or 120%.
  • a third radiation plane S3 is shown, in which the dipoles of the left and right vector dipole radiators 2 are located.
  • the plane S3 is substantially lower than the levels S1 and S2, since the left and right radiators 2 are not on a pedestal.
  • the left and right radiator 2 are also arranged on a corresponding pedestal 4, as will be described in more detail below.
  • the top of the podium is at an at least slightly greater distance from the plane E of the reflector than the plane S3, in which the dipole elements of the seated on the reflector Dipolstrahlers come to rest for the higher frequency band.
  • the distance between the plateau height and the plane E of the reflector is equal to or at least slightly greater than the distance of the dipole radiator of the radiator device 2 with respect to the plateau top or the plane E of the reflector in the case of the radiator 102, directly on the reflector sitting.
  • the radiation behavior in particular the half-value width of the radiation in the upper frequency band, can be influenced in an advantageous manner.
  • this can also act as a second reflector for the radiator located on the pedestal, whereby the radiation behavior can be further positively influenced.
  • radiator element upper side or generally its radiator structure 102 the higher frequency band is arranged at a height above the reflector plane E at least in the area of this radiator which is greater than 0.4 ⁇ , where ⁇ is the mean wavelength for the center frequency of the radiator Frequency band range provided radiator 2 is.
  • this lower limit may also be 0.6 ⁇ , 0.8 ⁇ , 1.0 ⁇ or for example 1.2 ⁇ or more.
  • the distance from the reflector plane E should not be greater than 2 ⁇ , but this upper limit can also be at 1.8 ⁇ , 1.6 ⁇ or 1.4 ⁇ .
  • ⁇ is again related to the center frequency of the upper frequency band. For example, if the radiators 102 for the higher frequency band in the 1800 MHz range and the radiator 103 in the 900 MHz band range (ratio 2: 1) radiate, the distance of the dipole radiator elements of the radiator 103 for the lower frequency band from the plane E of the reflector should not be greater than ⁇ and not smaller than 0.2 ⁇ , for example, if the levels S1 and S2 are in the same or at least approximately or approximately at the same height.
  • ⁇ is here again a wavelength from the frequency band to be transmitted, preferably the smallest wavelength corresponding to the highest frequency of the lower frequency band.
  • FIG. 3 again shows a side detail view of in FIG. 2 shown podium 4 with arranged on it vector dipole radiator 2.
  • the pedestal 4 has a closed structure with four side walls 4b, wherein, starting from the level of the pedestal top side 4d, the already mentioned four tabs 4a are inclined in the embodiment shown extending upwards and outwards.
  • the radiator 2 is mounted with its base.
  • the pedestal in plan view has an approximately square structure whose lateral boundaries are parallel to the Halbdipol components of the vector dipole 2.
  • the upstanding from these side distances of the pedestal side walls (lobes) 4b extend in the embodiment shown not perpendicular to the plane of the pedestal and thus not perpendicular to the reflector plane E, but are set at an angle to the outside running. This angle is preferably more than 10 ° and preferably less than 40 °. In particular, this angle ⁇ is about 20 ° ( FIG. 2 ) with respect to the vertical.
  • the side walls 4a are not circumferentially closed, but open in the corner areas, as can be seen in particular from the top view FIG. 1 results.
  • this angle ⁇ can also assume any other values, so that the lobes or the lobe-shaped extensions 4a can even lie in the plane of the podium top side or the plateau 4f formed thereby and can thus be interpreted in the manner of an auxiliary reflector extension.
  • these lobes 4a may be angled downwards even with respect to the top of the podium 4f, for example, almost up to a vertical angle.
  • the angle between the lobes 4a and a plane parallel to the reflector plane E can vary between ⁇ 85 ° or ⁇ 80 ° and 0 °, in which the lobes are aligned parallel to the reflector plane.
  • the longitudinal extent of the lobes starting from the pedestal 4 towards its free end is preferably ⁇ / 10 to ⁇ , the smallest value of ⁇ corresponding to the wavelength at the upper band limit (highest frequency) of the upper transmitted frequency band and the maximum value of ⁇ to the wavelength at the lower band limit (lowest frequency) of the upper frequency band to be transmitted.
  • the same dimensioning also applies to the transverse extent of the lobes, these values representing preferred values.
  • the flaps are preferably symmetrically formed and aligned on each pedestal. However, certain imbalances can sometimes be beneficial in terms of their angular orientation as compared to another lobe on a pedestal or its sizing. Finally, however, the lobes can be omitted altogether or closed to a circumferential boundary or side wall 4b.
  • FIG. 4 shows a plan view of a second embodiment of the antenna according to the invention.
  • the radiators are in plan view just as well as in the embodiment of FIG. 1 arranged.
  • the left and right first spotlights are arranged on a pedestal, said pedestal has a closed, substantially rectangular pedestal surface 4c with a corresponding bordering 4d bordering the pedestal and circulating.
  • the pedestal, on which the central radiator 2 is arranged further corresponds to the pedestal, which also in the embodiment of the FIG. 1 is used.
  • FIG. 5 shows a sectional view taken along the line II-II of FIG. 4 , It can be seen in particular that the left and right pedestals are identical and have a different shape than the middle pedestal.
  • the left and right pedestals essentially form a tower with obliquely upwardly extending side walls, wherein at the top of the tower, the platform platform is formed with the circumferential closed side wall boundary 4c.
  • the left and right photographs have raised pedestals 4, on each of which a first radiator 2 is positioned.
  • the left and right pedestals have - analogous to the middle pedestal - in the lower part of a cavity which is bounded by tapered side walls 4b.
  • FIG. 1 there is in the embodiment of FIG.
  • the arrangement can be of FIG. 5 deviating also be chosen so that the pedestal height of the outer radiator elements or radiator structures 102, for example, slightly lower or higher than the radiator elements or radiator structure 102 of the radiator 2, which is arranged centrally in the radiator 3, so that the radiator plane S3 for the non within the radiator for the low frequency band arranged radiator 2 deviates from the radiator plane S1.
  • FIG. 6 shows the same side view as FIG. 5 , where the side view of FIG. 6 however not cut. It can be seen here in particular that the left and right platforms have inclined, closed side walls, so that they form a side, ie closed in the circumferential direction, open towards the tower, on the plateau or platform surface 4 d of the corresponding radiator is arranged.
  • FIG. 7 shows a plan view of a third embodiment of the antenna according to the invention.
  • the antenna of the FIG. 7 differs from the antenna of the FIG. 1 in that a different type of second radiator is used. Otherwise, the embodiment corresponds to FIG. 7 the embodiment of the FIG. 1 so that a detailed description is omitted.
  • a dipole square 3 ' is used which comprises four rod-shaped dipoles consisting of two dipole halves 3a' each.
  • the individual dipoles extend in this case at a 45 ° angle to the side walls 1b of the reflector 1.
  • the dipole square radiates - analogous to the cup-shaped radiator of FIG. 1 in the + 45 ° polarization P1 and the -45 ° polarization P2.
  • the construction of radiators in the form of dipole squares has long been known from the prior art.
  • the publication DE 198 23 749 A1 which is made part of this application by this reference with its entire disclosure content.
  • FIG. 8 shows a section along the line III-III cut side view of FIG. 7 ,
  • Three different radiation levels S1, S2 and S3 are present.
  • the left and right first radiators 2 are arranged.
  • the radiating plane S2 which is higher than the radiating plane S3, are the dipoles of the dipole radiator 3.
  • the dipoles of the radiator 2 which is arranged on the pedestal 4.
  • the distance between the radiation planes S1 and S2 is significantly greater than in the embodiment according to FIG FIG. 2 , It should be noted here that in the embodiment of the FIG.
  • the left and right first emitters are also positioned on a pedestal, so that they are also in the radiation plane S1.
  • the same pedestal can be used in FIG. 5 is used for the left and right first emitters, however, the height of the pedestal to the height of the plane S1 in FIG. 8 to adapt.
  • FIG. 9 shows a non-cut side view analogous to FIG. 8 , It can be seen in this figure that the middle pedestal 4 is identical to the one in FIG FIG. 3 shown podium is. But here, too, the pedestals for the outer radiators 102 may be slightly formed in height so that the radiator height S3 at the radiator height S1 with respect to the reflector plane E at least slightly differ from each other.
  • the radiator 2 for the higher frequency band not as vector dipoles, but for example as dipole squares (similar to the radiator type in the embodiment of FIGS. 7 to 9 ) or in the form of dipole crosses. Therefore, there are no limitations on the use of certain dipole radiators or dipole radiators.
  • the explained radiation planes S1, S2 and S3 are basically aligned parallel to the reflector plane E.
  • the radiator elements or radiator structures 102, 103 could possibly also deviate and be inclined at an angle of less than ⁇ 5 ° with respect to this plane. Therefore, if necessary, at least in a partial length of the reflector, the radiator planes S1, S2 and S3 deviate in such an angle of less than ⁇ 5 ° relative to the reflector plane.
  • an antenna arrangement which consists of a plurality of reflector sections which, for example, have reflector sections folded over one another in an angular range in the circumferential direction in order to radiate the radiating elements seated thereon at different azimuth angles.

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  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Electromagnetism (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Computer Networks & Wireless Communication (AREA)
  • Aerials With Secondary Devices (AREA)
  • Variable-Direction Aerials And Aerial Arrays (AREA)
  • Details Of Aerials (AREA)
  • Support Of Aerials (AREA)
  • Transceivers (AREA)

Claims (27)

  1. Antenne, en particulier antenne de radiotéléphonie mobile, pour le fonctionnement dans au moins deux bandes de fréquence, présentant les éléments suivants :
    - il est prévu plusieurs éléments rayonneurs dipolaires (2 ; 3, 3'), à savoir au moins un premier élément rayonneur dipolaire (2) et au moins un second élément rayonneur dipolaire (3, 3') qui sont agencés devant un réflecteur (1),
    - ledit au moins un premier élément rayonneur dipolaire (2) comprend une première structure de rayonnement (102) associée comprenant le cas échéant des éléments rayonneurs, et ledit au moins un second élément rayonneur dipolaire (3, 3') comprend une seconde structure de rayonnement (103) associée comprenant le cas échéant des éléments rayonneurs,
    - ledit au moins un premier élément rayonneur dipolaire (2) rayonne dans une bande de fréquence plus élevée et ledit au moins un second élément rayonneur dipolaire (3, 3') rayonne dans une bande de fréquence relativement plus basse,
    - en vue de dessus sur le réflecteur (1), un premier élément rayonneur dipolaire (2) est agencé sensiblement au centre dans ledit au moins un second élément rayonneur dipolaire (3),
    - ladite au moins une première structure de rayonnement (102) ou une face supérieure de ladite au moins une première structure de rayonnement (102) de l'un des éléments rayonneurs dipolaires (2) pour la bande de fréquence plus élevée se trouve dans un premier plan de rayonnement (S1),
    - ladite au moins une seconde structure de rayonnement (103) ou une face supérieure de ladite au moins une seconde structure de rayonnement (103) du second élément rayonneur dipolaire (3, 3') pour la bande de fréquence plus basse se trouve dans un second plan de rayonnement (S2),
    - le premier plan de rayonnement (S1) présente une distance au plan de réflecteur (E), qui est égale ou supérieure à la distance entre le second plan de rayonnement (S2) et le plan de réflecteur (E),
    caractérisé par les autres éléments suivants :
    - le premier plan de rayonnement (S1) présente une distance au plan de réflecteur (E) qui correspond au maximum à 150 % de la distance entre le second plan de rayonnement (S2) et le plan de réflecteur (E),
    - la distance de la première structure de rayonnement (102) ou de la face supérieure de ladite au moins une première structure de rayonnement (102) dudit au moins un élément rayonneur dipolaire (2) pour la bande de fréquence plus élevée correspond à une distance par rapport au plan de réflecteur (E) qui est supérieure à 0,4 λ, et de préférence inférieure à 2 λ, par rapport à la fréquence moyenne de l'élément rayonneur dipolaire (2) pour la fréquence plus élevée,
    - ledit au moins un premier élément rayonneur dipolaire (2) est prévu à distance devant le plan de réflecteur (E) sur un socle (4) qui présente une face supérieure (4d),
    - sur le socle (4) ou sur la face supérieure de socle (4d) sont prévues des pattes (4a) agencées en décalage mutuel en direction périphérique,
    - les pattes (4a) prévues en direction périphérique sur le socle (4) ou sur la face supérieure de socle (4d) sont espacées les unes des autres ou sont reliées entre elles pour former une paroi de délimitation périphérique,
    - les pattes (4a) sont orientées sous un angle quelconque compris entre -90° et +90° par rapport à un plan parallèle au plan de réflecteur E, et
    - le socle (4) et l'élément rayonneur dipolaire (2) agencé sur celui-ci pour la bande de fréquence plus élevée sont agencés à l'intérieur dudit au moins un second élément rayonneur dipolaire (3).
  2. Antenne selon la revendication 1, caractérisée en ce que la distance de la structure de rayonnement, des éléments rayonneurs ou de la face supérieure d'élément rayonneur (102) dudit au moins un élément rayonneur dipolaire (2) pour la bande de fréquence plus élevée correspond en outre à une distance par rapport à la face supérieure de socle (4d) qui est inférieure à la distance du second plan de rayonnement (S2) par rapport au plan de réflecteur (E).
  3. Antenne selon la revendication 1 ou 2, caractérisée en ce qu'un ou plusieurs premiers éléments rayonneurs dipolaires (2) qui se trouvent dans le premier plan de rayonnement (S1) sont agencés chacun sur un socle (4) qui présente une surface plus grande que la section transversale de base de l'élément rayonneur dipolaire associé (2) et qui est relié au réflecteur (1) et qui est de préférence au moins partiellement électriquement conducteur.
  4. Antenne selon l'une des revendications 1 à 3, caractérisée en ce que le socle (4) présente sur sa face supérieure une face supérieure de socle (4d) électriquement conductrice et de préférence métallique sur laquelle est positionné un premier élément rayonneur dipolaire (2).
  5. Antenne selon l'une des revendications 1 à 4, caractérisée en ce qu'une partie au moins de la face supérieure de socle (4d) comprend une pluralité de pattes (4a) s'étendant perpendiculairement ou en oblique par rapport au plan de réflecteur (E), qui sont agencées en décalage les unes par rapport aux autres en direction périphérique, vues de dessus.
  6. Antenne selon l'une des revendications 1 à 5, caractérisée en ce que les pattes (4a) sont orientées sous un angle de moins de ± 80° par rapport à un plan parallèle au plan de réflecteur (E).
  7. Antenne selon l'une des revendications 1 à 6, caractérisée en ce qu'en vue de dessus sur le réflecteur (1), le premier élément rayonneur dipolaire (2) agencé sur le socle (4) se trouve à l'intérieur de la bordure du socle (4).
  8. Antenne selon l'une des revendications 1 à 7, caractérisée en ce qu'un ou plusieurs premiers éléments rayonneurs dipolaires (2) qui sont agencés dans le premier plan de rayonnement (S1) sont réalisés d'un seul tenant avec le socle associé (4).
  9. Antenne selon l'une des revendications précédentes, caractérisée en ce qu'en vue de dessus sur le réflecteur (1), un ou plusieurs premiers éléments rayonneurs dipolaires (2) sont agencés chacun sensiblement au milieu entre deux seconds éléments rayonneurs dipolaires (3) voisins.
  10. Antenne selon l'une des revendications précédentes, caractérisée en ce que d'autres éléments rayonneurs dipolaires (2) sont positionnés sur le réflecteur (1) dont la structure de rayonnement (102) ou dont la face supérieure de la structure de rayonnement associée (102) comprend des éléments dipolaires qui viennent se retrouver dans au moins un troisième plan de rayonnement (S3).
  11. Antenne selon l'une des revendications précédentes, caractérisée en ce qu'un ou plusieurs seconds éléments rayonneurs dipolaires (3) sont des carrés dipolaires (3') constitués par quatre dipôles et à polarisation double.
  12. Antenne selon l'une des revendications précédentes, caractérisée en ce qu'un ou plusieurs seconds éléments rayonneurs dipolaires (3) sont des éléments rayonneurs dipolaires à polarisation double en forme de calice qui présentent des arêtes de rayonnement (3f) ou des éléments en forme de barreau à l'extrémité éloignée du réflecteur.
  13. Antenne selon la revendication 12, caractérisée en ce que les éléments rayonneurs dipolaires (3) en forme de calice comprennent une pluralité d'éléments surfaciques (3a) s'étendant sur toute la surface et en oblique ou perpendiculairement au plan de réflecteur (E) et dont l'arête de délimitation éloignée du plan de réflecteur (E) est une arête de rayonnement (3f).
  14. Antenne selon l'une des revendications 11 à 13, caractérisée en ce qu'en vue de dessus sur le réflecteur (1), un premier élément rayonneur dipolaire (2) respectif est agencé dans plusieurs des carrés dipolaires (3') et/ou des éléments rayonneurs dipolaires (3) en forme de calice.
  15. Antenne selon l'une des revendications précédentes, caractérisée en ce qu'un ou plusieurs premiers éléments rayonneurs dipolaires (2) sont des dipôles en croix et/ou des dipôles vectoriels à polarisation double.
  16. Antenne selon l'une des revendications précédentes, caractérisée en ce que le réflecteur (1) comprend des parois latérales (1b) qui s'étendent en direction longitudinale du réflecteur (1) et en oblique et/ou perpendiculairement hors du plan de réflecteur (E), la pluralité des éléments rayonneurs dipolaires (2, 3, 3') étant agencés entre les parois latérales (1b).
  17. Antenne selon l'une des revendications précédentes, caractérisée en ce que les premiers éléments rayonneurs dipolaires (2) sont dimensionnés de manière à rayonner dans une bande de fréquence inférieure dans une plage de 800 MHz à 1000 MHz, et en ce que les seconds éléments rayonneurs dipolaires (3, 3') sont dimensionnés de manière à rayonner dans une bande de fréquence de 1700 MHz à 2700 MHz.
  18. Antenne selon l'une des revendications précédentes, caractérisée en ce qu'une pluralité de premiers et de seconds éléments rayonneurs dipolaires (2, 3, 3') sont agencés les uns à côté des autres en direction longitudinale et/ou transversale du réflecteur (1), et au-dessus de chaque second élément rayonneur dipolaire (3), sensiblement au milieu, il est prévu un premier élément rayonneur dipolaire (2), et entre chaque paire de seconds éléments rayonneurs dipolaires (3) voisins, sensiblement au milieu, il est prévu un premier élément rayonneur dipolaire (2).
  19. Antenne selon l'une des revendications précédentes, caractérisée en ce que tous les premiers éléments rayonneurs dipolaires (2) sont agencés dans le premier plan de rayonnement (S1) et tous les seconds éléments rayonneurs dipolaires (3, 3') sont agencés dans le second plan de rayonnement (S2).
  20. Antenne selon l'une des revendications précédentes, caractérisée en ce que les bandes de fréquence de l'antenne se situent dans la plage de fréquence de radiotéléphonie mobile GSM, CDMA et/ou UMTS.
  21. Antenne selon l'une des revendications précédentes, caractérisée en ce que le premier plan de rayonnement (S1) ainsi que le second plan de rayonnement (S2) s'étendent sensiblement parallèlement au plan de réflecteur (E) ou sont tout au plus inclinés sous un angle de ± 30° et de préférence au maximum jusqu'à ± 5° par rapport au plan de réflecteur (E).
  22. Antenne selon l'une des revendications 1 à 21, caractérisée en ce que la face supérieure de socle (4d) est réalisée, vue de dessus, sous forme rectangulaire, carrée, polygonale à n côtés, ou également sous forme incurvée, en particulier sous forme circulaire.
  23. Antenne selon l'une des revendications 1 à 22, caractérisée en ce que la surface de socle ou le plateau de socle (4d) présente une dimension en longueur en vue de dessus parallèlement à une direction X ou verticale du réflecteur et/ou une extension transversale à celle-ci, qui s'élève au moins à λ/4 et au maximum à λ, la valeur minimale de λ de la longueur d'onde se situant au niveau de la limite inférieure de bande (fréquence inférieure) de la bande de fréquence transmise supérieure et la valeur maximale de λ se situant au niveau de la limite supérieure de bande (fréquence maximale) de la bande de fréquence transmise supérieure.
  24. Antenne selon l'une des revendications 1 à 23, caractérisée en ce que les pattes (4a) présentent une extension longitudinale et/ou transversale entre leur côté sur lequel elles sont attachées au socle (4), vers leur extrémité libre éloignée de celui-ci, qui est comprise entre λ/10 et λ, la valeur minimale de λ, de la longueur d'onde se situant au niveau de la limite supérieure de bande (fréquence maximale) de la bande de fréquence transmise supérieure et la valeur maximale de λ de la longueur d'onde se situant au niveau de la limite inférieure de bande (fréquence minimale) de la bande de fréquence supérieure à transmettre.
  25. Antenne selon l'une des revendications 1 à 24, caractérisée en ce que la face supérieure de socle (4f) se trouve à une distance devant le plan (E) du réflecteur, qui est supérieure à λ/16 et de préférence supérieure à λ/8 et inférieure à λ, de préférence inférieure à λ/2, λ, étant une longueur d'onde de la bande de fréquence plus élevée, de préférence la longueur d'onde minimale de la bande de fréquence plus élevée à transmettre.
  26. Antenne selon l'une des revendications 1 à 25, caractérisée en ce que la face supérieure de socle (4f) présente une distance par rapport au plan (E) du réflecteur, qui est égale ou supérieure à la distance entre le plan de rayonnement (S1) des éléments rayonneurs (102) et la face supérieure de socle (4f) et/ou la distance entre le plan de rayonnement (S3) et le plan (E) du réflecteur.
  27. Antenne selon l'une des revendications 1 à 26, caractérisée en ce que le plan de rayonnement (S2) est agencé à une distance au plan de réflecteur (E) supérieure à celle de la face supérieure de socle (4d).
EP05813618A 2004-11-30 2005-11-24 Antenne radio mobile a double bande Active EP1817815B1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

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DE102004057774A DE102004057774B4 (de) 2004-11-30 2004-11-30 Antenne, insbesondere Mobilfunkantenne
PCT/EP2005/012593 WO2006058658A1 (fr) 2004-11-30 2005-11-24 Antenne radio mobile a double bande

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EP1817815A1 EP1817815A1 (fr) 2007-08-15
EP1817815B1 true EP1817815B1 (fr) 2008-03-19

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CN (1) CN101080845B (fr)
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ES (1) ES2301083T3 (fr)
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KR101125180B1 (ko) 2009-11-17 2012-03-19 주식회사 케이엠더블유 서로 다른 평면에 배치되는 방사소자들의 설치 방법 및 이를 이용한 안테나
WO2012162975A1 (fr) * 2011-09-07 2012-12-06 华为技术有限公司 Antenne à double polarisation et à double fréquence
CN103178332A (zh) * 2011-12-21 2013-06-26 东莞市晖速天线技术有限公司 一种小型化低频振子及具有该振子的基站天线
DE102012023938A1 (de) 2012-12-06 2014-06-12 Kathrein-Werke Kg Dualpolarisierte, omnidirektionale Antenne
US9373884B2 (en) 2012-12-07 2016-06-21 Kathrein-Werke Kg Dual-polarised, omnidirectional antenna
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FR3131107A1 (fr) * 2021-12-20 2023-06-23 Tdf Dispositif antennaire à deux réseaux de dipôles et systeme de communication associe

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WO2006058658A1 (fr) 2006-06-08
DE502005003394D1 (de) 2008-04-30
EP1817815A1 (fr) 2007-08-15
HK1111526A1 (en) 2008-08-08
CN101080845B (zh) 2014-08-27
KR101056296B1 (ko) 2011-08-11
ATE389957T1 (de) 2008-04-15
CN101080845A (zh) 2007-11-28
KR20070083723A (ko) 2007-08-24
DE102004057774B4 (de) 2006-07-20
DE102004057774A1 (de) 2006-06-01
ES2301083T3 (es) 2008-06-16

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