EP1815130B1 - Multiple rail fuel-injection system - Google Patents

Multiple rail fuel-injection system Download PDF

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Publication number
EP1815130B1
EP1815130B1 EP05801575A EP05801575A EP1815130B1 EP 1815130 B1 EP1815130 B1 EP 1815130B1 EP 05801575 A EP05801575 A EP 05801575A EP 05801575 A EP05801575 A EP 05801575A EP 1815130 B1 EP1815130 B1 EP 1815130B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
pressure
accumulator
injection system
fuel
fuel injection
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Not-in-force
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EP05801575A
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German (de)
French (fr)
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EP1815130A1 (en
Inventor
Juergen Hanneke
Andreas Wengert
Kurt Blank
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Robert Bosch GmbH
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Robert Bosch GmbH
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Publication of EP1815130A1 publication Critical patent/EP1815130A1/en
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    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02M—SUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
    • F02M55/00—Fuel-injection apparatus characterised by their fuel conduits or their venting means; Arrangements of conduits between fuel tank and pump F02M37/00
    • F02M55/02—Conduits between injection pumps and injectors, e.g. conduits between pump and common-rail or conduits between common-rail and injectors
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02M—SUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
    • F02M55/00—Fuel-injection apparatus characterised by their fuel conduits or their venting means; Arrangements of conduits between fuel tank and pump F02M37/00
    • F02M55/02—Conduits between injection pumps and injectors, e.g. conduits between pump and common-rail or conduits between common-rail and injectors
    • F02M55/025—Common rails

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a fuel injection system for an internal combustion engine according to the preamble of claim 1.
  • Such a fuel injection system is by the WO-A-2004/013487 known.
  • This fuel injection system has a high-pressure pump and a plurality of injectors. Between the high-pressure pump and the injectors, a pressure accumulator is arranged in each case for each injector. In this case, each pressure accumulator can be optimally adapted in terms of elasticity and storage volume at the associated injector.
  • This fuel injection system 102 includes a fuel tank 104 from which fuel 106 is delivered by an electric or mechanical fuel pump 108. Via a low-pressure fuel line 110, the fuel 106 is conveyed to a high-pressure fuel pump 111. Of the high pressure fuel pump 111, the fuel 106 passes through a high pressure fuel line 112 to a common rail 114. On the common rail 114 a plurality of fuel injectors or injectors 116 are connected, which inject the fuel 106 into combustion chambers 118 of an internal combustion engine, not shown. In this fuel injection system 102, a common high-pressure accumulator, the so-called common rail 114, is provided for all injectors 116. From this structure, the term "common rail" for such fuel injection systems derived.
  • the fuel injection system according to the invention with the features of claim 1 has the advantage that the functionality of the pressure accumulator is further improved by each comprising a fuel filter.
  • At least one first high pressure port and a branch for an injector is provided at each pressure accumulator.
  • a particularly preferred embodiment of the fuel injection system according to the invention provides that a second high pressure port is provided at each accumulator and that the at least two pressure accumulators are connected in series. This simplifies the construction and space requirements further.
  • a pressure sensor and / or a pressure control valve can be provided in a further particularly advantageous embodiment of the invention, so that detected by a central component of the pressure in the high pressure region of the fuel injection system and optionally adjusted to a desired value.
  • a storage volume filled with fuel is provided in each pressure accumulator. It is particularly advantageous if this storage volume and the elasticity of the pressure accumulator are matched to the injection quantities and the operating behavior of the associated injector. This results in a further improved performance of the injectors, which has an advantageous effect on noise, emissions and fuel consumption and smoothness of the internal combustion engine.
  • the pressure accumulator is produced by forging or casting. If necessary, for example, the storage volume from the blank by machining such as drilling, milling and / or turning are worked out.
  • the first high-pressure port and / or the second high-pressure port and / or the branch can be welded to the storage volume.
  • the high-pressure connections and / or the branch are welded to the storage volume. It is important to ensure that the weld is designed so that no spatter can get into the storage volume, as such spatter can cause malfunction of the injectors.
  • first high-pressure connection and / or the second high-pressure connection and / or the branch can be screwed to the storage volume. Which of the variants mentioned is given preference in individual cases depends on the circumstances of the individual case.
  • FIG. 1 a fuel injection system 102 according to the invention is shown greatly simplified as a block diagram. From the fuel tank 104 to the high-pressure fuel pump 111 with the quantity control valve MSV fuel injection system of the invention is the same structure as the basis of the FIG. 5 previously described common rail fuel injection system. The injectors 116 and the combustion chambers 118 of the internal combustion engine are the same.
  • each injector 116 is associated with an accumulator 120, which interacts optimally with the injector 116 in terms of storage volume and elasticity. Since the injectors 116 of an internal combustion engine are identical, of course, the pressure accumulator 120 of an internal combustion engine can be designed identical. By the resolution of the required storage volume to a plurality of pressure accumulator 120, it is also possible to arrange the pressure accumulator 120 closer to the associated injectors 116. This results in advantages in the operating behavior, as compared to a fuel injection system according to FIG. 5 - The pressure oscillations between accumulator and injector 116 have a much shorter duration, so that these pressure oscillations have no disturbing influences on the performance of the injectors 116.
  • each pressure accumulator 120 with the numbers 1, 2 - n are connected in series. This implies that each pressure accumulator 120 has a first high pressure port and a second high pressure port. At each of these high pressure ports (not shown in FIG. 1 ), a high pressure fuel line 112 is connected. At the last in this series pressure accumulator 120 with the number "n" a high-pressure fuel line 112 is connected. This high-pressure fuel line 112 opens into a pressure regulating valve 122. In this pressure regulating valve 122, if necessary, a pressure sensor (not shown) be integrated. This makes it possible to regulate and / or measure the pressure in the high-pressure region of the fuel injection system 102 with only one pressure regulating valve 122 and one pressure sensor.
  • the pressure regulating valve 122 is connected to a relief line 124, which opens into the fuel tank 104. Since, of course, the pressure accumulators 120 are produced in the same number as the injectors 116 and this number is significantly higher than the common rails 114 according to the fuel injection system of the prior art, considerably more money can be invested in automating the production of these pressure accumulators 120 so that a substantial portion of the additional costs resulting from the increase in the number of pressure accumulators can be compensated for by further process automation.
  • FIG. 2 a first embodiment of a pressure accumulator 120 according to the invention is shown in different views.
  • the pressure accumulator 120 according to the invention essentially consists of a storage volume 124, a first high-pressure port 128, a second high-pressure port 130 and a branch 132.
  • the first high pressure port 128 and the second high pressure port 130 are identical in construction and have a substantially frusto-conical sealing surface. At this sealing surface, an unillustrated nipple of the high-pressure fuel line 112 is pressed. This can be done for example by means of a union nut, not shown, which is screwed onto an external thread 136 of the high-pressure connections 128 and 130, respectively.
  • the branch 132, as well as the high pressure ports 128 and 130 made by forging or other forming process. For example, it would be possible to first forge a blank into a cylindrical shape, so that the storage volume 126 is formed. Subsequently, the branch 132 is produced in a further forming process. In final processing steps, the diameter at the end of the pressure accumulator 120 can now be reduced by upsetting or another deformation process so far that the first high-pressure port 128 and the second high-pressure port 130 are formed.
  • the seal seat 124 and the through bore 136 in the high pressure ports 128 and 130, which make the hydraulic connection to the storage volume 126, can also be made by forming or by machining.
  • a circumferential bead 140 is provided.
  • a union nut can be pushed onto the branch 132 and then between the union nut (not shown) and the bead 140 a split ring (not shown) are inserted. Subsequently, the union nut can be screwed to a high pressure port of an injector 116.
  • a so-called filter bore 142 is provided inside the branch 132.
  • This filter bore 142 initially establishes a hydraulic connection between the storage volume 126 and the branch 132.
  • a filter (not shown), for example a rod filter or a sieve-like filter. This prevents impurities from the fuel from entering the connected injector 116 (see FIG FIG. 1 ) can get.
  • FIG. 3 a second embodiment of a pressure accumulator 120 according to the invention is shown.
  • the filter bore 142 in the embodiment according to FIG. 3 is arranged in the longitudinal axis of the pressure accumulator 120.
  • a connecting bore 144 passes through the branch 132, so that in this way the hydraulic connection between the storage volume 126 and the branch 132 or the injector 116 connected thereto will be produced.
  • the inner contour of this second embodiment of a pressure accumulator 120 according to the invention is somewhat more complex, this component can also be produced by forming. If necessary, subsequent machining operations on the pressure accumulator 120 are made subsequent to the forming.
  • FIG. 4 Embodiments of pressure accumulator 120 according to the invention are shown. An essential feature of this pressure accumulator 120 is its multi-part construction.
  • the second high-pressure port 130 is welded to the storage volume 126. The weld is in FIG. 4 designated by the reference numeral 144.
  • the first high pressure port 128 is in the embodiment according to FIG. 4 with a union nut 146, which cooperates with an external thread 148 of the pressure accumulator 120, screwed and braced.
  • a sealing surface 150 between the first high-pressure port 128 and the pressure accumulator 120 a biting edge, a recess or other configurations known from the prior art can be provided. This biting edge and the Einpass are in FIG. 4 do not recognize in detail. However, it is important that the sealing surface 150 remains tight even with very high and swelling compressive stresses over the entire life.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Fuel-Injection Apparatus (AREA)

Abstract

The invention relates to a fuel-injection system (102), in which a rail (120) is provided for each injector between a high-pressure fuel pump (111) and said injectors (116).

Description

Die Erfindung betrifft eine Kraftstoffeinspritzanlage für eine Brennkraftmaschine nach dem Oberbegriff des Anspruchs 1.The invention relates to a fuel injection system for an internal combustion engine according to the preamble of claim 1.

Eine solche Kraftstoffeinspritzanlage ist durch die WO-A-2004/013487 bekannt. Diese Kraftstoffeinspritzanlage weist eine Hochdruckpumpe und mehrere Injektoren auf. Zwischen der Hochdruckpumpe und den Injektoren ist für jeden Injektor jeweils ein Druckspeicher angeordnet. Dabei kann jeder Druckspeicher bezüglich Elastizität und Speichervolumen optimal an dem ihm zugeordneten Injektor angepasst werden.Such a fuel injection system is by the WO-A-2004/013487 known. This fuel injection system has a high-pressure pump and a plurality of injectors. Between the high-pressure pump and the injectors, a pressure accumulator is arranged in each case for each injector. In this case, each pressure accumulator can be optimally adapted in terms of elasticity and storage volume at the associated injector.

Anhand der Figur 5 wird nachfolgend eine andere aus dem Stand der Technik bekannte Common-Rail-Kraftstoffeinspritzanlage 102 einer Brennkraftmaschine (nicht dargestellt) erläutert. Diese Kraftstoffeinspritzanlage 102 umfasst einen Kraftstoffbehälter 104 aus dem Kraftstoff 106 durch eine elektrische oder mechanische Kraftstoffpumpe 108 gefördert wird. Über eine Niederdruck-Kraftstoffleitung 110 wird der Kraftstoff 106 zu einer Hochdruck-Kraftstoffpumpe 111 gefördert. Von der Hochdruck-Kraftstoffpumpe 111 gelangt der Kraftstoff 106 über eine Hochdruck-Kraftstoffleitung 112 zu einem Common-Rail 114. An dem Common-Rail 114 sind mehrere Kraftstoffeinspritzdüsen oder Injektoren 116 angeschlossen, die den Kraftstoff 106 in Brennräume 118 einer nicht dargestellten Brennkraftmaschine einspritzen. Bei dieser Kraftstoffeinspritzanlage 102 ist ein gemeinsamer Hochdruckspeicher, der sogenannte Common-Rail 114, für alle Injektoren 116 vorgesehen. Aus dieser Struktur leitet sich die Bezeichnung "Common-Rail" für solche Kraftstoffeinspritzanlagen ab.Based on FIG. 5 Hereinafter, another known from the prior art common rail fuel injection system 102 of an internal combustion engine (not shown) will be explained. This fuel injection system 102 includes a fuel tank 104 from which fuel 106 is delivered by an electric or mechanical fuel pump 108. Via a low-pressure fuel line 110, the fuel 106 is conveyed to a high-pressure fuel pump 111. Of the high pressure fuel pump 111, the fuel 106 passes through a high pressure fuel line 112 to a common rail 114. On the common rail 114 a plurality of fuel injectors or injectors 116 are connected, which inject the fuel 106 into combustion chambers 118 of an internal combustion engine, not shown. In this fuel injection system 102, a common high-pressure accumulator, the so-called common rail 114, is provided for all injectors 116. From this structure, the term "common rail" for such fuel injection systems derived.

Vorteile der ErfindungAdvantages of the invention

Die erfindungsgemäße Kraftstoffeinspritzanlage mit den Merkmalen gemäß Anspruch 1 hat den Vorteil, dass die Funktionalität der Druckspeicher weiter verbessert ist, indem diese jeweils einen Kraftstofffilter umfassen.The fuel injection system according to the invention with the features of claim 1 has the advantage that the functionality of the pressure accumulator is further improved by each comprising a fuel filter.

In vorteilhafter Ausgestaltung der Erfindung ist vorgesehen, dass an jedem Druckspeicher mindestens ein erster Hochdruckanschluss und ein Abzweig für einen Injektor vorgesehen ist. Dadurch ist es möglich, den erfindungsgemäßen Druckspeicher zwischen einer Hochdruckleitung und dem Injektor einzubauen, so dass auch bereits in Serie gefertigte Injektoren und Hochdruckpumpen mit dem erfindungsgemäßen Druckspeicher ausgerüstet werden können. Es ist dadurch lediglich notwendig, die Hochdruckleitungen an den neuen Druckspeicher anzupassen.In an advantageous embodiment of the invention, it is provided that at least one first high pressure port and a branch for an injector is provided at each pressure accumulator. This makes it possible to install the pressure accumulator according to the invention between a high pressure line and the injector, so that even in series manufactured injectors and high pressure pumps can be equipped with the pressure accumulator according to the invention. It is therefore only necessary to adapt the high pressure lines to the new accumulator.

Eine besonders bevorzugte Ausführungsvariante der erfindungsgemäßen Kraftstoffeinspritzanlage sieht vor, dass an jedem Druckspeicher ein zweiter Hochdruckanschluss vorgesehen ist und dass die mindestens zwei Druckspeicher in Reihe geschaltet sind. Dadurch vereinfacht sich der Bauaufwand und der Platzbedarf weiter.A particularly preferred embodiment of the fuel injection system according to the invention provides that a second high pressure port is provided at each accumulator and that the at least two pressure accumulators are connected in series. This simplifies the construction and space requirements further.

An dem letzten Druckspeicher einer Reihe von Druckspeichern kann in weiterer besonders vorteilhafter Ausgestaltung der Erfindung ein Drucksensor und/oder ein Druckregelventil vorgesehen sein, so dass durch ein zentrales Bauteil der Druck im Hochdruckbereich der Kraftstoffeinspritzanlage erfasst und gegebenenfalls auf einen Sollwert eingeregelt werden kann. Dadurch sind die erfindungsgemäßen Vorteile realisierbar, ohne dass der Bedarf an Sensorik und sonstigen hydraulischen Bauteilen erhöht wird.At the last accumulator of a series of pressure accumulators can be provided in a further particularly advantageous embodiment of the invention, a pressure sensor and / or a pressure control valve, so that detected by a central component of the pressure in the high pressure region of the fuel injection system and optionally adjusted to a desired value. As a result, the advantages according to the invention can be realized without the need for sensors and other hydraulic components being increased.

Um das gewünschte Betriebsverhalten des Injektors zu erreichen, ist in jedem Druckspeicher ein mit Kraftstoff gefüllten Speichervolumen vorgesehen. Besonders vorteilhaft ist es, wenn dieses Speichervolumen und die Elastizität des Druckspeichers auf die Einspritzmengen und das Betriebsverhalten des zugehörigen Injektors abgestimmt sind. Dadurch ergibt sich ein weiter verbessertes Betriebsverhalten der Injektoren, was sich vorteilhaft auf Geräuschentwicklung, Emissionen und Kraftstoffverbrauch sowie Laufruhe der Brennkraftmaschine auswirkt.In order to achieve the desired operating behavior of the injector, a storage volume filled with fuel is provided in each pressure accumulator. It is particularly advantageous if this storage volume and the elasticity of the pressure accumulator are matched to the injection quantities and the operating behavior of the associated injector. This results in a further improved performance of the injectors, which has an advantageous effect on noise, emissions and fuel consumption and smoothness of the internal combustion engine.

Vorteilhafte Ausführungsformen der erfindungsgemäßen Druckspeicher sehen vor, dass der Druckspeicher durch Schmieden oder Gießen hergestellt wird. Bei Bedarf kann beispielsweise das Speichervolumen aus dem Rohling durch spanende Bearbeitung wie beispielsweise Bohren, Fräsen und/oder Drehen herausgearbeitet werden.Advantageous embodiments of the pressure accumulator according to the invention provide that the pressure accumulator is produced by forging or casting. If necessary, for example, the storage volume from the blank by machining such as drilling, milling and / or turning are worked out.

Um die Bearbeitung insbesondere des Speichervolumens des Druckspeichers zu vereinfachen, kann der erste Hochdruckanschluss und/oder der zweite Hochdruckanschluss und/oder der Abzweig mit dem Speichervolumen verschweißt werden. Durch diese mehrteilige Bauform ist es möglich, das Speichervolumen fertig zu stellen, bevor die Hochdruckanschlüsse beziehungsweise der Abzweig angeschweißt werden, so dass eine sehr gute Zugänglichkeit des Speichervolumens bei der Herstellung desselben gegeben ist. Anschließend werden die Hochdruckanschlüsse und/oder der Abzweig mit dem Speichervolumen verschweißt. Dabei ist darauf zu achten, dass die Schweißnaht so ausgestaltet ist, dass keine Schweißspritzer in das Speichervolumen gelangen können, da solche Schweißspritzer Funktionsstörungen der Injektoren verursachen können.In order to simplify the processing, in particular of the storage volume of the pressure accumulator, the first high-pressure port and / or the second high-pressure port and / or the branch can be welded to the storage volume. By this multi-part design, it is possible to complete the storage volume before the high-pressure connections or the branch are welded, so that a very good accessibility the storage volume is given in the preparation of the same. Subsequently, the high-pressure connections and / or the branch are welded to the storage volume. It is important to ensure that the weld is designed so that no spatter can get into the storage volume, as such spatter can cause malfunction of the injectors.

Alternativ ist es auch möglich, dass der erste Hochdruckanschluss und/oder der zweite Hochdruckanschluss und/oder der Abzweig mit dem Speichervolumen verschraubt wird. Welcher der genannten Varianten im Einzelfall der Vorzug gegeben wird, hängt von den Umständen des Einzelfalls ab.Alternatively, it is also possible for the first high-pressure connection and / or the second high-pressure connection and / or the branch to be screwed to the storage volume. Which of the variants mentioned is given preference in individual cases depends on the circumstances of the individual case.

Weitere Vorteile und vorteilhafte Ausgestaltungen der Erfindung sind der nachfolgenden Zeichnung, deren Beschreibung und den Patentansprüchen entnehmbar. Alle in der Zeichnung, deren Beschreibung und den Patentansprüchen beschriebenen Merkmale können sowohl einzeln als auch in beliebiger Kombination miteinander erfindungswesentlich sein.Further advantages and advantageous embodiments of the invention are the following drawings, the description and the claims removable. All features described in the drawing, the description and the claims may be essential to the invention both individually and in any combination.

Zeichnungendrawings

Figur 1FIG. 1
eine schematische Darstellung einer erfindungsgemäßen Kraftstoffeinspritzanlage;a schematic representation of a fuel injection system according to the invention;
Figur 2FIG. 2
ein erstes Ausführungsbeispiel eines erfindungsgemäßen Druckspeichers in verschiedenen Ansichten;a first embodiment of a pressure accumulator according to the invention in different views;
Figur 3FIG. 3
ein zweites Ausführungsbeispiel eines erfindungsgemäßen Druckspeicher in verschiedenen Ansichten; undA second embodiment of a pressure accumulator according to the invention in different views; and
Figur 4FIG. 4
eine vergrößerte Darstellung eines erfindungsgemäßen mehrteiligen Druckspeichers; undan enlarged view of a multi-part accumulator according to the invention; and
Figur 5FIG. 5
eine Common-Rail-Kraftstoffeinspritzanlage nach dem Stand der Technik.a common rail fuel injection system according to the prior art.
Beschreibung der AusführungsbeispieleDescription of the embodiments

In Figur 1 ist eine erfindungsgemäße Kraftstoffeinspritzanlage 102 als Blockschaltbild stark vereinfacht dargestellt. Vom Kraftstoffbehälter 104 bis zur Hochdruck-Kraftstoffpumpe 111 mit dem Mengensteuerventil MSV ist die erfindungsgemäße Kraftstoffeinspritzanlage gleich aufgebaut wie die anhand der Figur 5 zuvor beschriebene Common-Rail-Kraftstoffeinspritzanlage. Auch die Injektoren 116 und die Brennräume 118 der Brennkraftmaschine sind gleich.In FIG. 1 a fuel injection system 102 according to the invention is shown greatly simplified as a block diagram. From the fuel tank 104 to the high-pressure fuel pump 111 with the quantity control valve MSV fuel injection system of the invention is the same structure as the basis of the FIG. 5 previously described common rail fuel injection system. The injectors 116 and the combustion chambers 118 of the internal combustion engine are the same.

Der wesentliche Unterschied besteht darin, dass anstelle eines Common-Rails 114 (siehe Figur 5), der alle Injektoren 116 einer Brennkraftmaschine mit unter Druck stehendem Kraftstoff versorgt, bei der erfindungsgemäßen Kraftstoffeinspritzanlage gemäß Figur 1 jedem Injektor 116 ein separater Druckspeicher 120 zugeordnet ist. In Figur 1 sind die Injektoren 116, die Brennräume 118 und die Druckspeicher 120 durchnummeriert. Bei einer Brennkraftmaschine mit "n" Brennräume 118 gibt es demzufolge "n" Injektoren 116 und "n" Druckspeicher 120.The main difference is that instead of a common rail 114 (see FIG. 5 ), which supplies all the injectors 116 of an internal combustion engine with pressurized fuel, in the inventive Fuel injection system according to FIG. 1 Each injector 116 is associated with a separate pressure accumulator 120. In FIG. 1 the injectors 116, the combustion chambers 118 and the pressure accumulator 120 are numbered consecutively. In an internal combustion engine having "n" combustion chambers 118, there are therefore "n" injectors 116 and "n" pressure accumulator 120.

In anderen Worten: jedem Injektor 116 ist ein Druckspeicher 120 zugeordnet, der hinsichtlich Speichervolumen und Elastizität optimal mit dem Injektor 116 zusammenwirkt. Da die Injektoren 116 einer Brennkraftmaschine baugleich sind, können natürlich auch die Druckspeicher 120 einer Brennkraftmaschine baugleich ausgeführt sein. Durch die Auflösung des erforderlichen Speichervolumens auf mehrere Druckspeicher 120 ist es auch möglich, die Druckspeicher 120 näher an den zugehörigen Injektoren 116 anzuordnen. Dadurch ergeben sich Vorteile im Betriebsverhalten, da - verglichen mit einer Kraftstoffeinspritzanlage gemäß Figur 5 - die Druckschwingungen zwischen Druckspeicher und Injektor 116 eine sehr viel kürzere Laufzeit haben, so dass diese Druckschwingungen keine störenden Einflüsse auf das Betriebsverhalten der Injektoren 116 haben.In other words, each injector 116 is associated with an accumulator 120, which interacts optimally with the injector 116 in terms of storage volume and elasticity. Since the injectors 116 of an internal combustion engine are identical, of course, the pressure accumulator 120 of an internal combustion engine can be designed identical. By the resolution of the required storage volume to a plurality of pressure accumulator 120, it is also possible to arrange the pressure accumulator 120 closer to the associated injectors 116. This results in advantages in the operating behavior, as compared to a fuel injection system according to FIG. 5 - The pressure oscillations between accumulator and injector 116 have a much shorter duration, so that these pressure oscillations have no disturbing influences on the performance of the injectors 116.

Bei dem Ausführungsbeispiel gemäß Figur 1 sind die Druckspeicher 120 mit den Nummern 1, 2 - n in Reihe geschaltet. Dies bedingt, dass jeder Druckspeicher 120 einen ersten Hochdruckanschluss und einen zweiten Hochdruckanschluss hat. An jedem dieser Hochdruckanschlüsse (nicht dargestellt in Figur 1) ist eine Hochdruck-Kraftstoffleitung 112 angeschlossen. An dem in dieser Reihe letzten Druckspeicher 120 mit der Nummer "n" ist eine Hochdruck-Kraftstoffleitung 112 angeschlossen. Diese Hochdruck-Kraftstoffleitung 112 mündet in ein Druckregelventil 122. In dieses Druckregelventil 122 kann bei Bedarf auch ein Drucksensor (nicht dargestellt) integriert sein. Dadurch ist es möglich, mit nur einem Druckregelventil 122 und einem Drucksensor den Druck im Hochdruckbereich der Kraftstoff-Einspritzanlage 102 zu regeln und/oder zu messen.In the embodiment according to FIG. 1 the pressure accumulator 120 with the numbers 1, 2 - n are connected in series. This implies that each pressure accumulator 120 has a first high pressure port and a second high pressure port. At each of these high pressure ports (not shown in FIG FIG. 1 ), a high pressure fuel line 112 is connected. At the last in this series pressure accumulator 120 with the number "n" a high-pressure fuel line 112 is connected. This high-pressure fuel line 112 opens into a pressure regulating valve 122. In this pressure regulating valve 122, if necessary, a pressure sensor (not shown) be integrated. This makes it possible to regulate and / or measure the pressure in the high-pressure region of the fuel injection system 102 with only one pressure regulating valve 122 and one pressure sensor.

Ausgangsseitig ist das Druckregelventil 122 mit einer Entlastungsleitung 124 verbunden, die in dem Kraftstoffbehälter 104 mündet. Da naturgemäß die Druckspeicher 120 in der gleichen Stückzahl wie die Injektoren 116 anfallen und diese Stückzahl deutlich höher ist als bei den Common-Rails 114 gemäß der Kraftstoffeinspritzanlage aus dem Stand der Technik ist, kann erheblich mehr Geld in die Automatisierung der Fertigung dieser Druckspeicher 120 investiert werden, so dass ein wesentlicher Teil der Mehrkosten, die durch die Erhöhung der Zahl der Druckspeicher entsteht, durch die weitergehende Prozessautomatisierung kompensiert werden kann.On the output side, the pressure regulating valve 122 is connected to a relief line 124, which opens into the fuel tank 104. Since, of course, the pressure accumulators 120 are produced in the same number as the injectors 116 and this number is significantly higher than the common rails 114 according to the fuel injection system of the prior art, considerably more money can be invested in automating the production of these pressure accumulators 120 so that a substantial portion of the additional costs resulting from the increase in the number of pressure accumulators can be compensated for by further process automation.

Ein weiterer erheblicher Kostenvorteil ergibt sich dadurch, dass unabhängig von der Zylinderzahl der Brennkraftmaschine, lauter baugleiche Druckspeicher 120 benötigt werden. Es sind somit sehr wenige Varianten erfindungsgemäßer Druckspeicher 120 erforderlich, was zu weiter erhöhten Stückzahlen und damit geringeren Stückkosten für die erfindungsgemäßen Druckspeicher 120 führt.Another significant cost advantage results from the fact that, regardless of the number of cylinders of the internal combustion engine, loud identical pressure accumulator 120 are required. Thus, very few variants of pressure accumulator 120 according to the invention are required, which leads to further increased quantities and thus lower unit costs for the pressure accumulators 120 according to the invention.

Dadurch, dass zwischen den Druckspeichern 120 kurze Stücke der Hochdruck-Kraftstoffleitung 112 sind, beeinflussen sich auch die Druckspeicher 120 gegenseitig nur in sehr geringem Umfang. Dies gilt insbesondere deshalb, weil üblicherweise nicht zwei benachbart angeordnete Injektoren nacheinander Kraftstoff einspritzen, sondern wegen der Zündfolge von mehrzylindrigen Brennkraftmaschinen in der Regel zwei Zylinder beziehungsweise zwei Injektoren 116, die kurz nacheinander Brennstoff in die Brennräume 118 einspritzen, räumlich relativ weit voneinander entfernt sind.Characterized in that between the pressure accumulators 120 are short pieces of the high-pressure fuel line 112, and the pressure accumulator 120 influence each other only to a very small extent. This is especially true because usually not two adjacently arranged injectors successively inject fuel, but because of the firing order of multi-cylinder internal combustion engines usually two Cylinder or two injectors 116 which inject fuel into the combustion chambers 118 in quick succession, are spatially relatively far apart.

In Figur 2 wird ein erstes Ausführungsbeispiel eines erfindungsgemäßen Druckspeichers 120 in verschiedenen Ansichten dargestellt. Der erfindungsgemäße Druckspeicher 120 besteht im Wesentlichen aus einem Speichervolumen 124, einem ersten Hochdruckanschluss 128, einem zweiten Hochdruckanschluss 130 und einem Abzweig 132.In FIG. 2 a first embodiment of a pressure accumulator 120 according to the invention is shown in different views. The pressure accumulator 120 according to the invention essentially consists of a storage volume 124, a first high-pressure port 128, a second high-pressure port 130 and a branch 132.

Der erste Hochdruckanschluss 128 und der zweite Hochdruckanschluss 130 sind baugleich und weisen im Wesentlichen eine kegelstumpfförmige Dichtfläche auf. An diese Dichtfläche wird ein nicht dargestellter Nippel einer der Kraftstoff-Hochdruckleitung 112 gepresst. Dies kann beispielsweise mit Hilfe einer nicht dargestellten Überwurfmutter erfolgen, die auf ein Außengewinde 136 der Hochdruckanschlüsse 128 beziehungsweise 130 geschraubt wird.The first high pressure port 128 and the second high pressure port 130 are identical in construction and have a substantially frusto-conical sealing surface. At this sealing surface, an unillustrated nipple of the high-pressure fuel line 112 is pressed. This can be done for example by means of a union nut, not shown, which is screwed onto an external thread 136 of the high-pressure connections 128 and 130, respectively.

Bei dem in Figur 2 dargestellten Ausführungsbeispiel des erfindungsgemäßen Druckspeichers 120 ist der Abzweig 132, ebenso wie die Hochdruckanschlüsse 128 und 130 durch Schmieden oder einen anderen Umformprozess hergestellt. Beispielsweise wäre es möglich, zunächst einen Rohling in eine zylindrische Form zu schmieden, so dass das Speichervolumen 126 entsteht. Anschließend wird in einem weiteren Umformprozess der Abzweig 132 hergestellt. In abschließenden Bearbeitungsschritten kann nun durch Stauchen oder ein anderes Umformverfahren, der Durchmesser am Ende des Druckspeichers 120 so weit verringert werden, dass der erste Hochdruckanschluss 128 und der zweite Hochdruckanschluss 130 gebildet werden. Der Dichtsitz 124 und die Durchgangsbohrung 136 in den Hochdruckanschlüssen 128 und 130, welche die hydraulische Verbindung zum Speichervolumen 126 herstellen, können auch durch Umformen oder durch spanende Formgebung hergestellt werden.At the in FIG. 2 illustrated embodiment of the pressure accumulator 120 according to the invention, the branch 132, as well as the high pressure ports 128 and 130 made by forging or other forming process. For example, it would be possible to first forge a blank into a cylindrical shape, so that the storage volume 126 is formed. Subsequently, the branch 132 is produced in a further forming process. In final processing steps, the diameter at the end of the pressure accumulator 120 can now be reduced by upsetting or another deformation process so far that the first high-pressure port 128 and the second high-pressure port 130 are formed. The seal seat 124 and the through bore 136 in the high pressure ports 128 and 130, which make the hydraulic connection to the storage volume 126, can also be made by forming or by machining.

An dem Abzweig 132 ist ein umlaufender Wulst 140 vorgesehen. Um den Abzweig 132 mit einem Injektor 116 flüssigkeitsdicht zu verbinden, kann auf den Abzweig 132 eine nicht dargestellte Überwurfmutter aufgeschoben werden und anschließend zwischen Überwurfmutter (nicht dargestellt) und dem Wulst 140 ein geteilter Ring (nicht dargestellt) eingelegt werden. Anschließend kann die Überwurfmutter mit einem Hochdruckanschluss eines Injektors 116 verschraubt werden.At the branch 132, a circumferential bead 140 is provided. To connect the branch 132 liquid-tight with an injector 116, a union nut, not shown, can be pushed onto the branch 132 and then between the union nut (not shown) and the bead 140 a split ring (not shown) are inserted. Subsequently, the union nut can be screwed to a high pressure port of an injector 116.

Im Inneren des Abzweigs 132 ist eine sogenannte Filterbohrung 142 vorgesehen. Diese Filterbohrung 142 stellt zunächst einmal eine hydraulische Verbindung zwischen dem Speichervolumen 126 und dem Abzweig 132 her. Außerdem ist es möglich, in die Filterbohrung 142 einen Filter (nicht dargestellt), beispielsweise einen Stabfilter oder einen siebartigen Filter, einzupressen. Dadurch wird mit hoher Zuverlässigkeit verhindert, dass Verunreinigungen aus dem Kraftstoff in den angeschlossenen Injektor 116 (siehe Figur 1) gelangen können.Inside the branch 132, a so-called filter bore 142 is provided. This filter bore 142 initially establishes a hydraulic connection between the storage volume 126 and the branch 132. In addition, it is possible to press into the filter bore 142 a filter (not shown), for example a rod filter or a sieve-like filter. This prevents impurities from the fuel from entering the connected injector 116 (see FIG FIG. 1 ) can get.

In Figur 3 ist ein zweites Ausführungsbeispiel eines erfindungsgemäßen Druckspeichers 120 dargestellt. Ein wesentlicher Unterschied besteht zwischen den beiden Ausführungsbeispielen darin, dass die Filterbohrung 142 bei dem Ausführungsbeispiel gemäß Figur 3 in der Längsachse des Druckspeichers 120 angeordnet ist. Von dieser Filterbohrung 142 geht eine Verbindungsbohrung 144 durch den Abzweig 132 hindurch, so dass auf diese Weise die hydraulische Verbindung zwischen dem Speichervolumen 126 und dem Abzweig 132 beziehungsweise dem daran angeschlossen Injektor 116 hergestellt wird. Obwohl die Innenkontur dieses zweiten Ausführungsbeispiels eines erfindungsgemäßen Druckspeichers 120 etwas komplexer ist, kann dieses Bauteil auch durch Umformen hergestellt werden. Erforderlichenfalls wird anschließend an das Umformen noch spanende Bearbeitungen am Druckspeicher 120 vorgenommen.In FIG. 3 a second embodiment of a pressure accumulator 120 according to the invention is shown. A significant difference between the two embodiments is that the filter bore 142 in the embodiment according to FIG. 3 is arranged in the longitudinal axis of the pressure accumulator 120. From this filter bore 142, a connecting bore 144 passes through the branch 132, so that in this way the hydraulic connection between the storage volume 126 and the branch 132 or the injector 116 connected thereto will be produced. Although the inner contour of this second embodiment of a pressure accumulator 120 according to the invention is somewhat more complex, this component can also be produced by forming. If necessary, subsequent machining operations on the pressure accumulator 120 are made subsequent to the forming.

In Figur 4 sind Ausführungsvarianten erfindungsgemäßer Druckspeicher 120 dargestellt. Wesentliches Merkmal dieses Druckspeichers 120 ist dessen mehrteiliger Aufbau. Auf der rechten Seite in Figur 4 ist der zweite Hochdruckanschluss 130 an das Speichervolumen 126 angeschweißt. Die Schweißnaht ist in Figur 4 mit dem Bezugszeichen 144 gekennzeichnet. Selbstverständlich ist beim Verschweißen des zweiten Hochdruckanschlusses 130 mit dem eigentlichen Druckspeicher 120 darauf zu achten, dass keine Schweißspritzer in das Speichervolumen 126 gelangen können. Diese Schweißspritzer könnten nämlich sonst möglicherweise in den Injektor 116 gelangen und dort zu vorzeitigem Verschleiß oder Funktionsstörungen führen.In FIG. 4 Embodiments of pressure accumulator 120 according to the invention are shown. An essential feature of this pressure accumulator 120 is its multi-part construction. On the right in FIG. 4 the second high-pressure port 130 is welded to the storage volume 126. The weld is in FIG. 4 designated by the reference numeral 144. Of course, when welding the second high-pressure port 130 to the actual pressure accumulator 120, care must be taken that no spatters can get into the storage volume 126. This spatter could otherwise possibly get into the injector 116 and there lead to premature wear or malfunction.

Der erste Hochdruckanschluss 128 ist bei dem Ausführungsbeispiel gemäß Figur 4 mit einer Überwurfmutter 146, die mit einem Außengewinde 148 des Druckspeichers 120 zusammenwirkt, verschraubt und verspannt. An einer Dichtfläche 150 zwischen erstem Hochdruckanschluss 128 und dem Druckspeicher 120 können eine Beißkante, ein Einpass oder sonstige aus dem Stand der Technik bekannte Ausgestaltungen vorgesehen werden. Diese Beißkante und der Einpass sind in Figur 4 nicht im Detail zuerkennen. Wichtig ist jedoch, dass die Dichtfläche 150 auch bei sehr hohen und schwellenden Druckbeanspruchungen über die gesamte Lebensdauer dicht bleibt.The first high pressure port 128 is in the embodiment according to FIG. 4 with a union nut 146, which cooperates with an external thread 148 of the pressure accumulator 120, screwed and braced. At a sealing surface 150 between the first high-pressure port 128 and the pressure accumulator 120, a biting edge, a recess or other configurations known from the prior art can be provided. This biting edge and the Einpass are in FIG. 4 do not recognize in detail. However, it is important that the sealing surface 150 remains tight even with very high and swelling compressive stresses over the entire life.

Claims (8)

  1. Fuel injection system (102) for an internal combustion engine, with a high-pressure pump (111), with at least two injectors (116) and with a pressure accumulator arranged between the high-pressure pump (111) and the at least two injectors (116), each injector (116) being assigned a pressure accumulator (120), characterized in that a fuel filter is provided in each pressure accumulator (120), in that a filter bore (142) for receiving the fuel filter is provided in each pressure accumulator (120), and in that the fuel filter is designed as a stick filter or screen filter.
  2. Fuel injection system according to Claim 1, characterized in that at least one first high-pressure connection (128) and a branch (132) for an injector (116) is provided on each pressure accumulator (120).
  3. Fuel injection system according to Claim 1 or 2, characterized in that a second high-pressure connection (130) is provided on each pressure accumulator (120), and in that the at least two pressure accumulators (120) are connected in series.
  4. Fuel injection system according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that a fuel-filled accumulator volume (126) is provided in each pressure accumulator (120).
  5. Fuel injection system according to Claim 5, characterized in that the accumulator volume (126) and the elasticity of the pressure accumulator (120) are coordinated with the associated injector (116).
  6. Fuel injection system according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the pressure accumulator (120) is produced by forming, in particular forging, or casting, in particular precision casting.
  7. Fuel injection system according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the first high-pressure connection (128) and/or the second high-pressure connection (130) and/or the branch (132) are/is welded (144) to the accumulator volume (126).
  8. Fuel injection system according to one of Claims 1 to 6, characterized in that the first high-pressure connection (128) and/or the second high-pressure connection (130) and/or the branch (132) are/is screwed (146) to the accumulator volume (126).
EP05801575A 2004-11-17 2005-10-20 Multiple rail fuel-injection system Not-in-force EP1815130B1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

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DE102004055266A DE102004055266A1 (en) 2004-11-17 2004-11-17 Fuel injection system with multiple accumulators
PCT/EP2005/055412 WO2006053812A1 (en) 2004-11-17 2005-10-20 Multiple rail fuel-injection system

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EP1815130A1 EP1815130A1 (en) 2007-08-08
EP1815130B1 true EP1815130B1 (en) 2008-11-26

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US (1) US7748364B2 (en)
EP (1) EP1815130B1 (en)
JP (1) JP2008520887A (en)
KR (1) KR20070084263A (en)
CN (1) CN101061309A (en)
AT (1) ATE415555T1 (en)
DE (2) DE102004055266A1 (en)
WO (1) WO2006053812A1 (en)

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JP2008520887A (en) 2008-06-19
CN101061309A (en) 2007-10-24
US7748364B2 (en) 2010-07-06
DE102004055266A1 (en) 2006-05-18
DE502005006101D1 (en) 2009-01-08
US20090145400A1 (en) 2009-06-11
KR20070084263A (en) 2007-08-24
EP1815130A1 (en) 2007-08-08
WO2006053812A1 (en) 2006-05-26
ATE415555T1 (en) 2008-12-15

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