Classifications

• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C11—ANIMAL OR VEGETABLE OILS, FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES OR WAXES; FATTY ACIDS THEREFROM; DETERGENTS; CANDLES
  • C11D—DETERGENT COMPOSITIONS; USE OF SINGLE SUBSTANCES AS DETERGENTS; SOAP OR SOAP-MAKING; RESIN SOAPS; RECOVERY OF GLYCEROL
  • C11D10/00—Compositions of detergents, not provided for by one single preceding group
  • C11D10/04—Compositions of detergents, not provided for by one single preceding group based on mixtures of surface-active non-soap compounds and soap
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C11—ANIMAL OR VEGETABLE OILS, FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES OR WAXES; FATTY ACIDS THEREFROM; DETERGENTS; CANDLES
  • C11D—DETERGENT COMPOSITIONS; USE OF SINGLE SUBSTANCES AS DETERGENTS; SOAP OR SOAP-MAKING; RESIN SOAPS; RECOVERY OF GLYCEROL
  • C11D1/00—Detergent compositions based essentially on surface-active compounds; Use of these compounds as a detergent
  • C11D1/02—Anionic compounds
  • C11D1/12—Sulfonic acids or sulfuric acid esters; Salts thereof
  • C11D1/14—Sulfonic acids or sulfuric acid esters; Salts thereof derived from aliphatic hydrocarbons or mono-alcohols
  • C11D1/143—Sulfonic acid esters
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C11—ANIMAL OR VEGETABLE OILS, FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES OR WAXES; FATTY ACIDS THEREFROM; DETERGENTS; CANDLES
  • C11D—DETERGENT COMPOSITIONS; USE OF SINGLE SUBSTANCES AS DETERGENTS; SOAP OR SOAP-MAKING; RESIN SOAPS; RECOVERY OF GLYCEROL
  • C11D1/00—Detergent compositions based essentially on surface-active compounds; Use of these compounds as a detergent
  • C11D1/38—Cationic compounds
  • C11D1/62—Quaternary ammonium compounds
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C11—ANIMAL OR VEGETABLE OILS, FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES OR WAXES; FATTY ACIDS THEREFROM; DETERGENTS; CANDLES
  • C11D—DETERGENT COMPOSITIONS; USE OF SINGLE SUBSTANCES AS DETERGENTS; SOAP OR SOAP-MAKING; RESIN SOAPS; RECOVERY OF GLYCEROL
  • C11D1/00—Detergent compositions based essentially on surface-active compounds; Use of these compounds as a detergent
  • C11D1/66—Non-ionic compounds
  • C11D1/72—Ethers of polyoxyalkylene glycols

Definitions

• the invention relates to liquid laundry detergents and cleaners for textiles containing secondary alkanesulfonate and one or more cationic surfactants.
• liquid detergents are today a very important product group among laundry detergents for textiles.
• Liquid detergents contain surfactants as their main constituent.
• surfactants are used simultaneously in modern detergents.
• anionic surfactants used are linear alkylbenzenesulfonates (LAS), fatty alcohol sulfates (FAS), secondary alkanesulfonates (SAS) and, in some cases, fatty alcohol ether sulfates (FAES).
• LAS linear alkylbenzenesulfonates
• FAS fatty alcohol sulfates
• SAS secondary alkanesulfonates
• FAES fatty alcohol ether sulfates
• Nonionic surfactants used are ethoxylates of long-chain, synthetic alcohols, for example the oxo alcohols, or of native fatty alcohols.
• additive ingredients such as polycarboxylates and solubilizers such as ethanol, glycerol or propanediol are used.
• additive ingredients which are generally included in low use concentrations and which may be grouped together under the term washing aids and which comprise such different active ingredient groups as foam regulators, grayness inhibitors, soil release polymers, enzymes, optical brighteners, dye transfer inhibitors and dye fixing agents are generally included.
• fabric softeners or laundry conditioners are used after washing. These give the laundry a pleasant soft feel, reduce wrinkles and reduce the wear of the laundry, as they reduce the fiber-fiber friction.
• These products contain cationic surfactants, essentially quaternary ammonium salts such as so-called ester quats.
• liquid detergents containing anionic surfactants could not be combined with cationic surfactants in order to impart a laundry-conditioning effect to the detergent and thus render the use of a softener superfluous.
• the reason for this is the lack of compatibility of the anionic surfactants with the cationic surfactants, which leads to a flocculation, precipitation or phase separation of the components.
• liquid detergents containing secondary alkanesulfonate, alkyl glycol ether sulfate, soap and ethoxylated alcohols but no cationic surfactant are described.
• liquid detergent concentrates containing coacervates of cellulose ethers in a mixture of anionic and nonionic surfactants and to prevent the redeposition of dirt particles.
• the purpose of the present invention is to provide liquid washing and cleaning agent formulations for textiles which contain at least one cationic surfactant in combination with an anionic surfactant and which, in spite of the potential incompatibility of the components, are physically and chemically stable and have both a good cleaning action and a softening and conditioning effect.
• the alkyl group may be either saturated or unsaturated, branched or linear and optionally substituted with a hydroxyl group.
• the sulfo group can be located at any position of the C chain, the primary methyl groups at the beginning and end of the chain have no sulfonate groups.
• the preferred secondary alkanesulfonates contain linear alkyl chains of about 9 to 25 carbon atoms, preferably about 10 to about 20 carbon atoms, and more preferably about 13 to 17 carbon atoms.
• the cation is, for example, sodium, potassium, ammonium, mono-, di- or triethanolammonium, calcium or magnesium. It is also possible to use mixtures of different cations.
• Secondary alkanesulfonate is used in the liquid detergents according to the invention in a concentration of 3 to 30 wt .-%, preferably 5 to 20 wt .-%, particularly preferably 7 to 17 wt .-% and most preferably 7 to 15 wt .-%.
• Soaps are the salts of long-chain, native fatty acids with 10 to 20 carbon atoms.
• Suitable fatty acid soaps for liquid detergents in particular coconut fatty acid, which constitutes mainly a mixture of C 12 -, and C 14 fatty acid.
• coconut fatty acid which constitutes mainly a mixture of C 12 -, and C 14 fatty acid.
• longer-chain fatty acids such as oleic acid, soybean fatty acid, tallow fatty acid, stearic acid, behenic acid or mixtures thereof.
• the fatty acids can be used as soaps in the form of their sodium, potassium, ammonium, mono-, di- or triethanolammonium salts.
• liquid detergents are the K, ammonium, mono-, di- or triethanolammonium salts of coconut fatty acid, of soybean fatty acid, of oleic acid and of their mixtures with one another or optionally with other fatty acids.
• soap is used to 1 to 30 wt .-%, preferably 3 to 25 wt .-% and particularly preferably 5 to 20 wt .-%.
• Suitable nonionic surfactants are in particular the ethoxylates of long-chain, aliphatic, synthetic or native alcohols having a C 8 - to C 22 -alkyl radical. These may contain about 1 to about 25 moles of ethylene oxide.
• the alkyl chain of the aliphatic alcohols may be linear or branched, primary or secondary, saturated or unsaturated. Preference is given to the condensation products of C 10 - to C 18 -alcohols with about 2 to about 18 moles of ethylene oxide per mole of alcohol.
• the alcohol ethoxylates may have a narrow range (“narrow range ethoxylates") or a broad homolog distribution of the ethylene oxide ("Broad Range Ethoxylates").
• C 11 -oxoalcohol-8EO-ethoxylate and the C 12/14 -fatty alcohol 7EO-ethoxylate preference is given to those nonionic surfactants which have an HLB value of from 10 to 15, particularly preferably from 11 to 14.
• the use concentration is 5 to 35 wt .-%, in particular 10 to 30 wt .-%, preferably 15 to 25 wt .-% and particularly preferably 17 to 23 wt .-%.
• the mass ratio of anionic surfactants: nonionic surfactants is 1: 4 to 4: 1, preferably 1: 2 to 2: 1, and most preferably 0.8: 1 to 1.5: 1.
• cationic surfactants are preferably present as chlorides or bromides, but can also be used as methosulfates.
• Suitable cationic surfactants are quaternary ammonium salts, such as di (C 8 -C 24 ) -alkyldimethylammonium chloride or bromide, preferably di (C 12 -C 18 ) -alkyldimethylammonium chloride or bromide, for example distearyldimethylammonium chloride or bromide, ditallowalkyl-dimethylammonium chloride or bromide, dioleyl-dimethylammonium chloride or bromide, dicocoalkyldimethylammonium chloride or bromide; (C 8 -C 24 ) alkyldimethyl-dimethylammonium chloride or bromide; (C 8 -C 24 ) alkyltrimethylammonium chloride or bromide, preferably cetyltrimethylammonium chloride or
• a particularly preferred class of cationic surfactants are the so-called ester quats, eg the triethanolamine diester quat and the diethanolmethylamine diester quat. These are prepared from triethanolamine or diethanolmethylamine by esterifying the amines with one to two (in the case of triethanolamine to three), preferably with two moles of a fatty acid and then quaternized with methyl chloride, methyl bromide or dimethyl sulfate.
• the fatty acids used for the esterification C 8 -C 24 fatty acids, which may be saturated or unsaturated, such as stearic acid, tallow (also partially hydrogenated), coconut fatty acid and oleic acid.
• R 1 is a linear or branched, saturated or unsaturated alkyl group having 5 to 22 carbon atoms, preferably 8 to 18 carbon atoms, more preferably 12 to 14 carbon atoms
• R 2 is a methyl group
• R 3 is a methyl group or a group of the formula -A - (OA) n-OH, where A is a -C 2 H 4 and / or -C 3 H 6 group and n is a number from 0 to 20
• R 4 is a group of the formula -A- ( OA) n-OH and X represents an anion
• X is, for example, chloride, bromide, iodide, fluoride, sulfate, hydrogensulfate, carbonate, bicarbonate, acetate, citrate, phosphate, mono- and dihydrogen phosphate, pyrophosphate, polyphosphate
• the compound of the formula (1) is C 12 -C 14 quaternary alkyldimethylhydroxyethylammonium chloride or methosulfate.
• the proportion by weight of the cationic surfactants in the liquid detergents according to the invention is from 0.1 to 10% by weight, preferably from 0.5 to 8% by weight, more preferably from 1 to 6% by weight and very particularly preferably from 2 to 5% by weight. %.
• the liquid detergents according to the invention are liquid and have a viscosity of up to about 500 mPas. But they can also be higher viscosity, still flowable gels or spreadable pastes.
• the liquid detergents and cleaners according to the invention additionally contain, as solvents, propanediol, glycerol, ethanol, n-propanol or isopropanol in concentrations of from 1 to 10% by weight, preferably from 1 to 5% by weight.
• the pH of the formulations is adjusted to a value between 5 and 12 by the addition of acidic or alkaline substances.
• Acidic substances may be, for example, inorganic or organic acids, such as sulfuric acid, phosphonic acids, citric acid.
• Alkaline substances are, for example, caustic soda, potassium hydroxide soda and ethanolamines.
• Acid to neutral liquid detergents are, for example, wool detergents, neutral to weakly alkaline liquid detergents are, for example, mild detergents and alkaline detergents are so-called heavy-duty detergents.
• Liquid detergents and cleaners which comprise the surfactant combination according to the invention may additionally contain further constituents as are customary in such compositions. These are described below.
• the total surfactant content of the detergent formulations according to the invention may be from 10 to 70% by weight, preferably from 10 to 55% by weight and very particularly preferably from 20 to 50% by weight.
• anionic surfactants are sulfates, sulfonates, carboxylates, phosphates and mixtures thereof.
• Suitable cations here are alkali metals, such as sodium or potassium or alkaline earth metals, such as calcium or magnesium, and ammonium, substituted
• Ammonium compounds including mono-, di- or Triethanolammoniumkationen, and mixtures thereof.
• anionic surfactants are particularly preferred: alkyl ester sulfonates, alkyl sulfates, alkyl ether sulfates and alkyl benzene sulfonates, as described below.
• Alkyl ester sulfonates include linear esters of C 8 -C 20 carboxylic acids (ie, fatty acids) which are sulfonated by means of gaseous SO 3 .
• Suitable starting materials are natural fats such as tallow, coconut oil and palm oil, but may also be synthetic in nature.
• Preferred alkyl ester sulfonates are compounds of the formula wherein R 1 is a C 8 -C 20 hydrocarbon radical, preferably alkyl, and R is a C 1 -C 6 hydrocarbon radical, preferably alkyl.
• M is a cation which forms a water-soluble salt with the alkyl ester sulfonate. Suitable cations are sodium, potassium, lithium or ammonium cations, such as monoethanolamine, diethanolamine and triethanolamine.
• R 1 is C 10 -C 16 -alkyl and R is methyl, ethyl or isopropyl. Particularly preferred are methyl ester sulfonates in which R 1 is C 10 -C 16 -alkyl.
• Alkyl sulfates are here water-soluble salts or acids of the formula ROSO 3 M, wherein R is a C 10 -C 24 hydrocarbon radical, preferably an alkyl or hydroxyalkyl radical with C 10 -C 20 alkyl, more preferably a C 12 -C 18 alkyl or Hydroxyalkyl radical.
• M is hydrogen or a cation, for example an alkali metal cation (for example sodium, potassium, lithium) or ammonium or substituted ammonium, for example methyl, dimethyl and trimethylammonium cations and quaternary ammonium cations, such as tetramethylammonium and dimethylpiperidinium cations and quaternary ammonium cations derived from alkylamines such as ethylamine, diethylamine, triethylamine and mixtures thereof.
• Alkyl chains with C 12 -C 16 are preferred for low wash temperatures (eg below about 50 ° C) and alkyl chains with C 16 -C 18 for higher wash temperatures (eg above about 50 ° C).
• Alkyl sulfates are used in concentrations of from 2 to 25% by weight, preferably from 5 to 22% by weight and more preferably from 5 to 20% by weight.
• Alkyl ether sulfates are water-soluble salts or acids of the formula RO (A) m SO 3 M, where R is an unsubstituted C 10 -C 24 -alkyl or hydroxyalkyl radical, preferably a C 12 -C 20 -alkyl or hydroxyalkyl radical, more preferably C 12 -C 18 represents alkyl or hydroxyalkyl.
• A is an ethoxy or propoxy moiety
• m is a number greater than 0, preferably between about 0.5 and about 6, more preferably between about 0.5 and about 3
• M is a hydrogen atom or a cation such as Sodium, potassium, lithium, calcium, magnesium, ammonium or a substituted ammonium cation.
• substituted ammonium cations are methyl, dimethyl, trimethylammonium and quaternary ammonium cations such as tetramethylammonium and dimethylpiperidinium cations and those derived from alkylamines such as ethylamine, diethylamine, triethylamine or mixtures thereof.
• Examples C 12 were - to C 18 called fatty alcohol ether sulfates wherein the content of EO is 1, 2, 2.5, 3, or 4 mol per mol of fatty alcohol ether sulfate, and in which M is sodium or potassium. Due to their strong foam development, the use concentration of the alkyl ether sulfates depends on the intended use. Detergent laundry detergents use lower concentrations than laundry detergents. The concentrations encountered in practice are between 1 and 20% by weight. Concentrations of from 1 to 10% by weight and preferably from 1 to 5% by weight are preferred for the present invention.
• alkenyl or alkylbenzenesulfonates are alkenyl or alkylbenzenesulfonates.
• the alkenyl or alkyl group may be branched or linear and optionally substituted with a hydroxyl group.
• the preferred alkylbenzenesulfonates contain linear alkyl chains of about 9 to 25 carbon atoms, preferably from about 10 to about 13 carbon atoms, the cation being sodium, potassium, ammonium, mono-, di- or triethanolammonium, calcium or magnesium and mixtures thereof.
• magnesium is preferred as a cation
• sodium is preferred for standard washing applications.
• Alkylbenzenesulfonates are used in concentrations of from 3 to 30% by weight, preferably from 4 to 25% by weight and more preferably from 5 to 20% by weight.
• anionic surfactants also includes olefin sulfonates obtained by sulfonation of C 8 -C 24 , preferably C 14 -C 16, ⁇ -olefins with sulfur trioxide and subsequent neutralization. Due to the preparation process, these olefin sulfonates may contain minor amounts of hydroxyalkanesulfonates and alkanedisulfonates. Specific mixtures of ⁇ -olefin sulfonates are in US 3,332,880 described. The use concentrations for the ⁇ -olefinsulfonates correspond to those of the alkylbenzenesulfonates.
• acylaminocarboxylic acids which are acylsarcosinates formed by reaction of fatty acid chlorides with sodium sarcosinate in an alkaline medium; Fatty acid-protein condensation products obtained by reacting fatty acid chlorides with oligopeptides; Salts of alkylsulfamidocarboxylic acids; Salts of alkyl and alkylaryl ether carboxylic acids; Alkyl and alkenylglycerol sulfates such as oleylglycerol sulfates, alkylphenol ether sulfates, alkyl phosphates, alkyl ether phosphates, isethionates, such as acyl isethionates, N-acyl taurides, Alkyl succinates, sulfosuccinates, monoesters of sulfosuccinates (especially saturated and unsaturated C 12 -C 18 monoesters) and die
• Nonionic surfactants which can be used in addition to those mentioned above.
• the hydrophobic part of these compounds preferably has a molecular weight between about 1500 and about 1800.
• the addition of ethylene oxide to this hydrophobic part leads to an improvement in water solubility.
• the product is liquid up to a polyoxyethylene content of about 50% of the total weight of the condensation product, which corresponds to a condensation with up to about 40 moles of ethylene oxide.
• Commercially available examples of this product class are the Pluronic ® brands from BASF and the ® Genapol PF brands from Clariant GmbH.
• the hydrophobic moiety of these compounds consists of the reaction product of ethylenediamine with excess propylene oxide and generally has a molecular weight of about 2500 to 3000. Ethylene oxide is added to this hydrophobic unit to a content of about 40 to about 80 wt .-% polyoxyethylene and a molecular weight of about 5000 to 11000.
• this class of compounds are the ® Tetronic brands of BASF and the ® Genapol PN brands of Clariant GmbH. Polyethylene, polypropylene and polybutylene oxide condensates of alkylphenols.
• These compounds include the condensation products of alkylphenols having a C 6 to C 20 alkyl group, which may be either linear or branched, with alkene oxides. Preference is given to compounds having about 5 to 25 mol of alkene oxide per mole of alkylphenol.
• Commercially available surfactants of this type include Igepal ® CO-630, Triton ® X-45, X-114, X-100 and X102, and the Arkopal N ® brands from Clariant GmbH. These surfactants are referred to as Alkylphenolalkoxilate, eg Alkylphenolethoxilate.
• This category of nonionic compounds includes water-soluble amine oxides, water-soluble phosphine oxides, and water-soluble sulfoxides each having an alkyl group of from about 8 to about 18 carbon atoms.
• Semi-polar nonionic surfactants are also amine oxides of the formula R here is an alkyl, hydroxyalkyl or alkylphenol group having a chain length of about 8 to about 22 carbon atoms, R 2 is an alkylene or hydroxyalkylene group having about 2 to 3 carbon atoms or mixtures thereof, each R 1 is an alkyl or hydroxyalkyl group having from about 1 to about 3 carbon atoms or a polyethylene oxide group having from about 1 to about 3 ethylene oxide units, and x represents a number from 0 to about 10.
• the R 1 groups may be linked together via an oxygen or nitrogen atom and thus form a ring.
• Particularly preferred amine oxides are C 8 -C 18 -alkyl-dimethyl-amine oxides and C 8 -C 12 -alkoxiethyl-dihydroxyethyl-amine oxides and C 8 -C 18 fatty acid amidoalkyl-dimethyl-amine oxides.
• Amine oxides can be used in use concentrations of 0.5 to 10 wt .-%, and preferably between 1 and 5 wt .-%.
• Fatty acid amides have the formula wherein R is an alkyl group having from about 7 to about 21, preferably about 9 to about 17 carbon atoms and each R 1 is hydrogen, C 1 -C 4 alkyl, C 1 -C 4 hydroxyalkyl or (C 2 H 4 O) x H, where x varies from about 1 to about 3.
• the C 8 -C 20 fatty acid amides are preferred, in particular the corresponding monoethanolamides, diethanolamides, and isopropanolamides. These can be used in concentrations between 0.5 to 5 wt .-% and in particular from 0.5 to 3 wt .-%.
• nonionic surfactants are alkyl and Alkenyloligoglycoside and Fettchurepolyglykolester or Fettaminpolyglykolester having in each case 8 to 20, preferably 12 to 18 carbon atoms in the fatty alkyl, alkoxylated triglycamides, mixed ethers or Mischformyle, Alkyloligoglycoside, Alkenyloligoglycoside, fatty acid N-alkylglucamides, phosphine oxides, dialkyl sulfoxides and protein.
• amphoteric or zwitterionic surfactants are carbobetaines, sulfobetaines, aminoglycinates and amphoteric imidazolinium compounds.
• Preferred zwitterionic surfactants for use in the liquid detergents according to the invention are the carboxymethylammonium betaines, in particular C 8 - to C 18 -alkyl-dimethyl-carboxymethyl-ammoniumbetaines, C 8 - to C 18 -alkylamidopropyl-dimethyl-carboxymethyl-ammoniumbetaines and C 8 - to C 18 -alkyl-dipolyethoxycarboxymethyl-ammonium betaines.
• betaines are, for example, the N-carboxyethylammonium betaines analogous to the compounds listed above, for the synthesis of which instead of chloroacetic acid or salts thereof the chloropropionic acid and its salts are used.
• examples thereof are the C 12 -C 18 -alkyl-aminopropionate and C 12 -C 18 -alkyl-iminodipropionate as alkali metal and mono-, di- and trialkylammonium salts.
• a preferred sulfobetaine is C 12 -C 18 alkyl dimethyl sulfopropyl betaine.
• Amphoteric surfactants based on imidazoline are available under the trade names Miranol® and Steinapon®.
• the zwitterionic surfactants are used as co-surfactants. Their use concentration is 1 to 10 wt .-%, preferably 3 to 5 wt .-%.
• detergent ingredients that may be included in the present invention include inorganic and / or organic builders to reduce the degree of hardness of the water.
• Inorganic builders include, for example, alkali, ammonium and alkanolammonium salts of polyphosphates such as tripolyphosphates, pyrophosphates and glassy polymeric metaphosphates, phosphonates, silicates, carbonates including bicarbonates, and sesquicarbonates and aluminosilicates, as described below:
• Aluminosilicate builders particularly zeolites having the formula Na z [(AlO 2 ) z (SiO 2 ) y] .xH 2 O, where z and y are integers of at least 6, the ratio of z to y is between 1.0 and about 0 , 5, and x is an integer from about 15 to about 264.
• Suitable aluminosilicate-based ion exchangers are commercially available. These aluminosilicates may be of crystalline or amorphous structure and may be naturally occurring or synthetically produced.
• Preferred ion exchangers based on synthetic crystalline aluminosilicates are available under the name zeolite A, zeolite P (B) and zeolite X. Preference is given to aluminosilicates having a particle diameter between 0.1 and 10 microns.
• Suitable organic builders include polycarboxylic compounds such as ether polycarboxylates and oxydisuccinates. Likewise on “TMS / TDS" equipment from US 4,663,071 to get expelled.
• Suitable builders include the ether hydroxypolycarboxylates, copolymers of maleic anhydride with ethylene or vinyl methyl ether, 1,3,5-trihydroxybenzene-2,4,6-trisulfonic acid and carboxymethyloxysuccinic acid, the alkali, ammonium and substituted ammonium salts of polyacetic acids such as e.g. Ethylenediamine tetraacetic acid and nitrilotriacetic acid, and polycarboxylic acids, such as mellitic acid, succinic acid, oxydisuccinic acid, polymaleic acid, benzene-1,3,5-tricarboxylic acid, Carboxymethyloxybernsteinklare, and their soluble salts.
• polyacetic acids such as e.g. Ethylenediamine tetraacetic acid and nitrilotriacetic acid
• polycarboxylic acids such as mellitic acid, succinic acid, oxydis
• Preferred organic builders are the polycarboxylates based on acrylic acid and / or maleic acid, e.g. the Sokalan CP brands (BASF) or the Acusol brands (Rhom and Haas), as well as citrate-based builders, e.g. the citric acid and its soluble salts, in particular the sodium salt.
• BASF Sokalan CP brands
• Rhom and Haas Acusol brands
• citrate-based builders e.g. the citric acid and its soluble salts, in particular the sodium salt.
• Phosphorus-based builders are alkali metal phosphates such as sodium tripolyphosphate, sodium pyrophosphate, and sodium orthophosphate.
• Phosphonates such as ethane 1-hydroxy-1,1-diphosphonate (HEDP) and other known phosphonates are preferably suitable for the present invention.
• HEDP ethane 1-hydroxy-1,1-diphosphonate
• other known phosphonates are preferably suitable for the present invention.
• the liquid detergents according to the invention may also contain the customary auxiliaries which enhance the cleaning action, serve for the care of the textile to be washed or change the performance characteristics of the detergent composition.
• auxiliaries are, for example, enzymes, in particular proteases, lipases, cellulases, amylases and mannanases; Enzyme stabilizers; Foam boosters; Foam inhibitors, such as silicone oils or paraffins; Corrosion inhibitors; Color transfer inhibitors; dye fixative; optical brighteners; UV absorbers; Bleach; Preservatives; alkalis; hydrotrope compounds; antioxidants; Solvents or solubilizers, such as ethanol, glycerol, propanediol; dispersant; Anti-redeposition agents; graying; plasticizers; antistatic agents; Dyes and perfumes.
• enzymes in particular proteases, lipases, cellulases, amylases and mannanases
• Enzyme stabilizers Foam boosters
• Foam inhibitors such as silicone oils or paraffins
• Corrosion inhibitors such as silicone oils or paraffins
• Color transfer inhibitors such as dye fixative; optical brighteners; UV absorbers
• dyes here includes both water-soluble dyes and insoluble color pigments.
• water-soluble dyes are preferably used in liquid detergents. These include the groups of acid dyes, direct dyes and reactive dyes. These groups can be e.g. Represent representatives of azo dyes, metal complex dyes and polycyclic dyes.
• fragrance or perfume oils individual perfume compounds, for example the synthetic products of the ester type, ethers, aldehydes, ketones, alcohols and hydrocarbons can be used. Preferably, mixtures of different fragrances are used, which together produce an attractive fragrance.
• perfume oils may also contain natural fragrance mixtures and lower-volatility essential oils.
• polyamine N-oxides such as poly (4-vinylpyridine-N-oxide), poly (4-vinylpyridine-betaine), polyvinylpyrrolidone and copolymers of N-vinylpyrrolidone with N-vinylimidazole and optionally other monomers, polyvinylimidazole, also cyclodextrins and cyclodextrin derivatives.
• the color fixing agents which can be incorporated in liquid detergents according to the invention are nonionic or cationic and are described below:
• Polycondensates which can be used as dye fixing agents are obtained by the reaction of cyanamides with aldehydes and ammonium salts and / or monoamines, by the reaction of monoamines and / or polyamines with epichlorohydrin or by the reaction of polyamines with cyanamides and amidosulfuric acid. It is also possible to use homo- and co-polymers based on diallyl-dimethylammonium chloride (DADMAC) as dye fixing agents.
• DADMAC diallyl-dimethylammonium chloride
• DADMAC-based copolymers contain, as further components, other vinylic monomers such as, for example, vinylimidazole, vinylpyrrolidone, vinyl alcohol, vinyl acetate, (meth) acrylic acid (ester), acrylamide, styrene, styrenesulfonic acid, acrylamidomethylpropane-sulfonic acid (AMPS), etc.
• Homopolymers based on DADMAC are available under the trade names Dodigen ® 3954, Dodigen 4033 and Genamin ® PDAC (Fa. Clariant).
• the dye fixing agents are used in liquid detergents at from 0.25 to 5% by weight, preferably from 0.5 to 3% by weight and more preferably from 0.5 to 1% by weight.
• the formulations according to the invention are characterized in that they are stable and do not flocculate. They cause a softening effect due to the presence of cationic surfactants. In addition, they also show an anti-wrinkle effect and protection against mechanical wear.

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