EP1807562B1 - Cleansing device for fibre flocks - Google Patents

Description

The invention relates to a cleaning device for fiber flakes, in particular of cotton, with a lying, populated with striking elements roller, on the upper side at one end of the roller an inlet and at the other end an outlet for the flow is arranged and between the inlet opening and the Outlet opening of the roll axis inclined guide plates limited transfer chambers are arranged for rotating around the roll axis flow.

At least one such cleaning device is known and available on the market. It serves to dissolve the fiber flakes supplied in the conveying air flow and to remove impurities from it. The fiber material is supplied together with transport air via the inlet at an axial end of the roller. The air-fluff stream is transported in a spiral over the roller, whereby it is guided several times over the cleaning grate bars. The flakes are thereby detected by the equipped with tines or impact elements drum, brought over the cleaning grate bars and gradually brought by means of steering chambers to the other axial end of the opening roller to promote by means of centrifugal force the dissolved fiber flakes through the outlet of the machine. Also, the flakes are knocked to some extent by the impact on the transfer chambers or steering chambers bounding walls, whereby impurities and dust are largely separated from the fiber material.

EP 381860 . EP 379726 and EP447966 describe the cleaning device in detail. EP 381860 describes the use of the baffles as a separation of the individual transfer chambers, whereby the dissolution of the flakes can be improved. In addition, this document describes that in the cleaning device, the inlet is arranged so that the incoming through the inlet, the fiber flakes conveying air flow from top to bottom is approximately tangential to the opening roller, in such a way that the flow at the point where he impinges on the roll circumference, has the same direction of movement as the circumference of rotating roller. The impact pins of the roller should not move against the incoming flow of conveying air.

EP 379,726 describes the integration of an additional dedusting function in the cleaning device. The laden with dust transport air can be partially removed by a suction through a screen plate in the region of the transfer chambers of the device. EP 447966 describes an alternative solution for the dedusting function. The suction is not located above the roller at the transfer chambers, but in front of the bar grate assembly. Seen in the conveying direction of the textile fibers, a substantially vertical air and dust permeable wall is arranged, which is part of a vacuum chamber to which a suction line is connected.

The cleaning device with the improvements is used today in many spinning mills. However, especially with larger flow rates cleaning does not work optimally. The accompanying transport air in the flow obstructs the mechanical cleaning process. Already at the inlet, the transport air prevents the optimum takeover of the flakes by the impact pins of the roller. Because transport air enters the cleaner, crossflows occur across the width of the roller, hindering the desired spiral flow. In addition, thereby flock material passes without much cleaning in the outlet stream and the cleaning efficiency of the cleaning device is thereby reduced. An additional disadvantage is the formation of turbulences by the superfluous transport air, especially by the cross flows. These eddies cause nits and damage to the fibers.

The present invention is therefore based on the object to provide a device which avoids the disadvantages mentioned above and in particular the mechanical cleaning of the cleaning device described above optimized.

The object is solved by the features listed in claim 1. Characterized in that an air separation device of the inlet opening of the Pre-arrange cleaning device, the transport air can be largely separated and the fiber pulp stream is compressed. Essentially, only the fiber flakes get into the cleaner. This eliminates the influence of the transport air. Preferably, in the air separation device, an air-permeable wall is arranged so that the air can escape.

The air separation device can be constructed in various ways, preferably the fiber flakes are not damaged and there are no whirling or excessive frictions in the device. For example, the air separation device may consist of an inlet which is arranged such that the air flake stream is fed to the cleaner via a screen plate, wherein the height of the channel is narrowed so that the excess transport air can escape through the screen plate and only the actual fiber flake stream the cleaner is supplied. Due to the constriction, the conveying air from the flake material is gently pressed and only very little air remains in the flake material.
The feed channel is shaped such that the flow of material in the air separation device passes by the screen plate.

The screen plate is preferably arranged in the transport direction of the material flow, so that the material flow flows over the surface of the screen. Preferably, the sieve is arranged entangled in the material flow, wherein the space behind the sieve larger and the space of the material flow in the flow direction is smaller, so that the air can escape better. The screen plate is preferably constructed so that no fibers adhere or are damaged. Eventually, the screen plate is adjustable, so that the air separation can be adapted to the delivery volume, for example, a larger constriction at a smaller fiber volume flow. An adjustment for the air permeability of the wall could also be provided.

Preferably, a slight negative pressure is present at the air outlet side of the air separation device. However, this is mainly intended to dissipate the escaping air and do not aspirate the active air from the fiber fluff stream. The inventive idea is the use of a mechanical air separation, for example by squeezing the air, so that the required suction capacity and the maintenance of the entire machine is minimal.

An additional advantage is that dedusting takes place at the same time.

The end of the inlet can in particular be designed so that the impact elements, such as percussion pins or tines, the roller engage directly in the fiber flake stream and take the flakes. Also, the air flow generated by the rapid rotation of the roll will positively affect the takeover of the fiber flakes.

The outlet channel is preferably arranged tangentially away from the roller such that the fiber flake material is spun by the roller in the discharge direction. The actual further transport to the cleaner is taken over again by the pneumatic transport system, in particular a downstream fan can provide the required acceleration. In order to rule out that the extraction of the pneumatic system has an influence on the mechanical functioning of the cleaner, means are present in the outlet channel of the cleaner to be able to re-introduce air into the fiber flake stream. Among other things, this can be realized passively by the arrangement of false air slots in the outlet channel. The pneumatic transport will then absorb the required amount of air when sucking the fiber pulp stream via these slots. Instead of slots also adjustable flaps or a grate can be arranged. Preferably, these means are self-adjusting depending on the flow rate.

By measuring the input and / or output currents, for example, by measuring the pressure or pressure difference in the line, the volume flow or the color difference of the material, possibly combined with measurements on the excreted material - the outlet - the Cleaning efficiency of the cleaning device are observed. The measured values may additionally be used for controlling and controlling the device, for example for adjusting the amount of air to be separated in the air separation device, the passage rate of the cleaners, the setting angles of the cleaning grate bars or the volume of air returned at the outlet , By adjusting the amount of air separated, for example, the degree of purification and / or the amount of discharge and / or the amount of passage can be adjusted.

By separating the air flow from the material flow at the inlet, it is possible to take in the cleaning device itself only two transfer chambers per handling, without compromising quality of cleaning. Even the passages necessary for cleaning can be reduced. With constant diameter and constant length of the roller thereby the passages wider, which allows a higher passage rate. For example, one can go back seven passages with seven guide plates and three chambers to five passages with five guide plates and two chambers with the same width of the roller. This increases the production capacity, while maintaining a consistent cleaning quality and a constant degree of dissolution. The chambers and vanes, along with the roll's own air production, provide the actual passages of material in the optimum spiral shape across the width of the roll between inlet and outlet. Cross flows can no longer arise, whereby each of the supplied fiber flakes deposits the desired cleaning path and is sufficiently cleaned. In addition, the vortex formation and the associated Nissenformung and material damage is reduced.

The cleaning intensity depends on the speed of the roller and is no longer adversely affected by the transport air. The setting of the output quantity by adjusting the angle of the grate bars is determined only by the actual speed of the roller and the volume flow of the fibers.

Fig. 1

eine schematische Zeichnung einer Reinigungsmaschine aus dem Stand der Technik;

Fig. 2

einen schematischen Querschnitt durch eine Reinigungsmaschine nach der Erfindung;

Fig. 3

eine schematische Detailzeichnung des oberen Teils der Maschine mit dem Einlasskanal und Auslasskanal nach der Erfindung.

The internal dust collecting function as present in the present cleaning device may preferably be maintained. The residual air, which is released by the mechanical process in the cleaner, is sufficient for dedusting. Embodiments of the inventive cleaning machine will be explained below with reference to the drawing. The reference signs are the same for all drawings.
Show it:

Fig. 1

a schematic drawing of a cleaning machine of the prior art;

Fig. 2

a schematic cross section through a cleaning machine according to the invention;

Fig. 3

a schematic detailed drawing of the upper part of the machine with the inlet channel and outlet channel according to the invention.

Based on FIG. 1 the cleaning machine is explained according to the prior art, see also EP 381860 . EP 379726 and EP447966 where similar machines have been shown with more details and form an integral part of this application. In the Fig. 1 cleaning machine shown has an opening roller 3, which is rotatably mounted in a housing about a horizontal axis and the circumference in the usual manner with striking elements 5, for example, percussion pins or prongs, is occupied. The roller 3 is rotated in operation by a drive motor, not shown in the arrow direction. Under the bottom of the roller 3 cleaning grate bars 4 are arranged.

The top of the roller 3 is covered at a distance from the roll circumference with a wall, of which a horizontal, middle section and two laterally adjoining thereto, are provided approximately 45 ° inclined side portions, in the following is an adjacent wall, substantially vertical wall 9 provided, which is dust-permeable. The three wall sections are arranged like a terrace roof, which means in cross-section approximately like three sides of an isosceles trapezium, and each two of the wall sections close to each other one Angle α of about 135 °. The wall 9 is an example of the additional dedusting function, in FIG FIG. 1 formed by means of a perforated plate with holes of about 1.5 mm in diameter, but it can also be formed by a sieve.

At one axial end of the roller 3 opens an inlet 1 from above, and at the other axial end above the roller 3 an outlet 2. Between the mouths of the inlet 1 and the outlet 2 are above the top of the roller 1 to the axis of the roller 1 at an angle Asked baffles 12 (in FIG. 2 only one baffle visible), which delimit the transfer chambers between the top of the roller 1 and the upper casing wall. The entire surface of the air and dust permeable wall 9 is part of a vacuum chamber to which a suction line is connected (both not shown).

In operation, the cleaning device is supplied to the textile fibers to be cleaned and dissolved in flake form in a conveying air flow through the inlet 1. The conveying air with the fiber flakes substantially flows first around the underside of the rotating roller 3, then through the transfer chamber between the guide plates 12, which moves the air in the direction of the axis of the roller 3, then again around the underside of the roller, then through the Transfer chamber between the baffles and again around the bottom of the roller 1 to finally exit the machine through the outlet opening 10. The flow rate moves substantially helically, which has been indicated by the arrow 7. When running around the underside of the roll 1, the fiber flakes are processed by the striking pins 3 and increasingly dissolved, and impurities are separated from the fibers. The coarser impurities, such as shell parts, are deposited between the cleaning grate bars 4 and collected in the space below the grates, for example in a waste container 6 and periodically sucked by a suction device, not shown. The outlet disposal may, for example, as shown in FIG FIG. 1 , take place by means of a lock roller 6. As a result, the leaving space is separated from the transport air for the departure in the line. The exit excretion on the grate is not affected.

The fiber flakes fly upwards in each case into the next transfer chamber, where they are further loosened and turned over by striking the ceiling wall. Fine, dust-like impurities that have been separated from the fibers can be separated at most partially by the bar grates 4, while a large part of the dust remains in the conveying air flow. The air and dust permeable wall 9, the vacuum chamber and the suction line are used to separate these fine impurities from the conveying air flow, so that they can not escape at the end with the fibers through the outlet 2. The suction line is connected to a vacuum source or suction device, not shown, which sucks dust-laden air through the wall 9 therethrough.

The size of the negative pressure generated in the vacuum chamber or the air flow sucked through the wall 9 is adjustable, for example by the fact that the vacuum source or suction device is adjustable, or in that in the suction line an adjustable throttle body, e.g. an adjustable throttle, is arranged. The air flow is adjusted so that it is sufficient to suck the dust through the line, so that the dust does not settle on the bottom of the vacuum chamber. In order to observe this, viewing windows are provided on an outer wall. It may also be expedient to arrange the vacuum chamber at least one scavenging air inlet, through which scavenging air can be sucked into the vacuum chamber from the environment. The scavenging air inlet also contains an adjustable throttling device, e.g. a throttle.

FIG. 2 and 3 show the cleaning device as previously described with an inlet 16 and outlet channel 17 according to the invention. The inlet channel 16 contains an air separation device 18 according to the invention, consisting of an air-permeable wall 10, through which the conveying air flow can escape into the exhaust air duct 19. This wall is arranged parallel to the flow. As in FIG. 3 As shown, the end of this inlet is arranged such that the fiber flakes, which until then are substantially free of conveying air, can be taken over directly by the impact elements of the roller from the inlet. There is no more air is present, the acquisition of the flakes by the roller is essentially a mechanical transfer. However, the flock stream should not escape strongly compressed from the inlet channel, but it should correspond more to a compressed fiber flake stream. It is therefore advantageous that the cross-section b2 (FIG. FIG. 3 ) of the inlet channel, is adjustable with respect to the cross section b1, wherein b2 is greater than b1. In addition, it is advantageous that the cross section of a2 is adjustable with respect to a1, where a2 is smaller than a1. Preferably, the contact area with the air-permeable wall remains constant. In this way, the compression of the flakes can be adjusted, possibly in dependence on the volume of the fiber flakes in the flow.

Claims (17)

1. A cleaning device for fibre flocks, in particular made of cotton, transported in a delivery air stream, comprising a horizontal roller fitted with beater elements, an inlet opening (1) being arranged above its upper side at one end of the roller and an outlet opening (2) for the delivery stream being arranged at the other end, characterised in that an air separating device (18) is arranged in front of the inlet opening (1), which separates the transfer air and the fibre flocks in such a manner that a compressed fibre flock stream is fed to the cleaner.
2. The cleaning device according to claim 1, characterised in that the air separating device (18) is a channel which tapers in the direction of the delivery stream and which has an air-permeable wall, whereby the transfer air can escape.
3. The cleaning device according to claim 2, characterised in that the air-permeable wall is arranged in the transport direction of the material stream.
4. The cleaning device according to claim 2 or 3, characterised in that the air-permeable wall is arranged in an interlocked manner in the material stream.
5. The cleaning device according to any one of claims 2 to 4, characterised in that an air removal channel is arranged at the air outlet side of the air-permeable wall.
6. The cleaning device according to claim 5, characterised in that the cross-section of the air removal channel is larger in the direction of the fibre stream.
7. The cleaning device according to claim 1 to 6, characterised in that a negative pressure is present in the air removal channel.
8. The cleaning device according to any one of the preceding claims, characterised in that the end of the inlet channel is arranged so that the fibre flocks are taken over directly by the beater elements of the roller.
9. The cleaning device according to any one of the preceding claims, characterised in that the amount of air to be separated can be adjusted.
10. The cleaning device according to any one of the preceding claims, characterised in that the air permeability of the wall can be adjusted.
11. The cleaning device according to any one of the preceding claims, characterised in that the outlet channel is arranged tangentially away from the roller.
12. The cleaning device according to any one of the preceding claims, characterised in that means are provided in the outlet channel to introduce air into the fibre flock stream.
13. The cleaning device according to claim 12, characterised in that the means are self-adjusting.
14. The cleaning device according to claim 12 or 13, characterised in that the means comprise infiltrated air slits or a flap or a grate.
15. The cleaning device according to any one of the preceding claims, characterised in that at least one measuring device is provided to measure the input stream and/or output stream and/or the waste material.
16. The cleaning device according to claim 15, characterised in that the measuring device measures the pressure and/or the volume flow and/or the colour difference of the material.
17. The cleaning device according to any one of the preceding claims, characterised in that a regulating and control system is provided to make adjustments.

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