EP1805868A1 - Moteur electrique comprenant un commutateur plan et un porte-balais - Google Patents

Moteur electrique comprenant un commutateur plan et un porte-balais

Info

Publication number
EP1805868A1
EP1805868A1 EP05791849A EP05791849A EP1805868A1 EP 1805868 A1 EP1805868 A1 EP 1805868A1 EP 05791849 A EP05791849 A EP 05791849A EP 05791849 A EP05791849 A EP 05791849A EP 1805868 A1 EP1805868 A1 EP 1805868A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
longitudinal side
commutator
plane
brushes
electrical machine
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Withdrawn
Application number
EP05791849A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Inventor
Achim Neubauer
Andrew Pierson
Pascal Chaumet
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Robert Bosch GmbH
Original Assignee
Robert Bosch GmbH
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Robert Bosch GmbH filed Critical Robert Bosch GmbH
Publication of EP1805868A1 publication Critical patent/EP1805868A1/fr
Withdrawn legal-status Critical Current

Links

Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01R—ELECTRICALLY-CONDUCTIVE CONNECTIONS; STRUCTURAL ASSOCIATIONS OF A PLURALITY OF MUTUALLY-INSULATED ELECTRICAL CONNECTING ELEMENTS; COUPLING DEVICES; CURRENT COLLECTORS
    • H01R39/00—Rotary current collectors, distributors or interrupters
    • H01R39/02—Details for dynamo electric machines
    • H01R39/38—Brush holders
    • H01R39/41—Brush holders cartridge type
    • H01R39/415—Brush holders cartridge type with self-recoiling spring
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02K—DYNAMO-ELECTRIC MACHINES
    • H02K5/00—Casings; Enclosures; Supports
    • H02K5/04—Casings or enclosures characterised by the shape, form or construction thereof
    • H02K5/14—Means for supporting or protecting brushes or brush holders
    • H02K5/143—Means for supporting or protecting brushes or brush holders for cooperation with commutators
    • H02K5/148—Slidably supported brushes
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01R—ELECTRICALLY-CONDUCTIVE CONNECTIONS; STRUCTURAL ASSOCIATIONS OF A PLURALITY OF MUTUALLY-INSULATED ELECTRICAL CONNECTING ELEMENTS; COUPLING DEVICES; CURRENT COLLECTORS
    • H01R39/00—Rotary current collectors, distributors or interrupters
    • H01R39/02—Details for dynamo electric machines
    • H01R39/38—Brush holders
    • H01R39/381—Brush holders characterised by the application of pressure to brush

Definitions

  • the invention relates to an electric machine according to the preamble of
  • Such an electric machine with a planar contact segments comprising a comprehensive face plan commutator and a brush holder that holds in quivers acted upon with springs brushes and has on a Plankommutator the underside facing openings in the quivers from which the brushes emerge and contact the contact segments of the end face of the plan commutator.
  • Small electric motors that mechanically commutate and operate in liquids and / or are traversed by liquids are known as electric fuel pumps, as water pumps or the like in the automotive industry, and as feed pumps or the like outside the automotive sector.
  • Mechanical commutation systems for such engines are often plan commutators for space reasons. Due to scarce resources for fuels and rising prices for electrical energy, the importance of a high degree of efficiency is also increasing for liquid-fueled small electric motors.
  • the power consumption is determined by the efficiency of the power supply chain, the magnetic utilization of the electrical energy (low magnetic losses) and the hydraulic (fluid-related) or mechanical (for example, bearing friction or the like) losses.
  • the vibrations of the brush over the rotating commutator are reduced.
  • this reduces the hydraulic loss and the average contact resistance between brush and Plankommutatorsegment and thus the losses during the voltage transition from stationary to the rotating parts of the electric motor and thus overall the efficiency and the necessary current consumption of the electric motor.
  • the lifetime of the drive since the brush or Kommutatorverschl admirably is reduced mainly by the lower vibrations.
  • this can reduce the thickness of the copper / carbon disk of the commutator or the length of the carbon brush for the same life or just the life can be extended beyond the known extent. Furthermore, the assembly of the brush and the spring is facilitated.
  • an electric machine is provided with a flat contact segments comprising a full face plan commutator and a brush holder which holds in quivers acted upon with brush springs and on a side facing the Plankommutator underside openings in the quivers from which the brushes emerge and the contact segments contact the end face of the Plankommutators, wherein the springs are roller springs, which are hooked with hooks on Einitatistoffn formed laterally on the quivers, and that the Einhpsychgestoff are arranged in a plane which is parallel and spaced from the flat end face of the flat commutator ,
  • an electric machine having a plain contact segments comprising end face plane commutator and with a brush holder that holds in shafts of quivers spring loaded brushes and has at a Plankommutator the underside openings in the quivers, from which emerge the brushes and contact the contact segments of the end face of the plan commutator, wherein the springs are rolling springs, which are hooked with hooks on Ein knowledgeffenn formed laterally on the quivers, and wherein in addition to the Ein cognitivestoffn run transversely through the shafts of the quiver webs, so that the shafts of the brushes are guided on all sides.
  • This also has the advantage of optimizing the efficiency of DC small electric motors with flat commutator.
  • Such a design is optimized with respect to their geometry to the reduction of fluid friction and aquaplaning effects in plan commutators.
  • a coverage factor of 1.3 causes the brush always partially rests on at least two segments and thus does not have to record the excitation of the vibration of the respective segment jump at each transition from segment to segment of the planar commutator on the entire brush surface, since they at least partially supported on a previous segment. This reduces the tendency to oscillate and macroscopically also improves the efficiency and reduces the necessary current consumption of the electric motor in the liquid.
  • the scroll spring is disposed over the brush such that it introduces axial and tangential force components into the coal, the axial force component producing the optimum contact force on the plan commutator and the tangential force providing smooth guidance in the brush guide of the brush holder.
  • the spring constant of the scroll spring is close to zero, so that regardless of the remaining length of the carbon brush over the life almost the same spring force is exerted on the carbon brush and the plan commutator and the higher damping constant of the scroll spring the vibration behavior of at least one brush on the at least two segments of the plan commutator improved in always the same way over the life. This introduction of the spring force on the brush thus improves the calming of the brush and thus a source of vibration.
  • the brushes are best suited for flat commutators by having an end face designed as a flat contact surface.
  • the slope with the plane includes an angle of less than 90 °.
  • Plankommutatorsegmenten reduced and at the same time as a ship's bow of the liquid or the fuel / fuel provides little displacement surface and the liquid bypasses laterally.
  • the bevels optimize not only the displacement (lower displacement losses) but also the tendency for the brushes to float on the liquid or the fuel (aquaplaning).
  • the average gap height between brush and Plankommutatorsegment is minimized, a minimum inclination of the coal surface relative to the Kommutator Structure prevented and in turn minimizes the current transfer losses between brush and commutator.
  • the quivers are open on both sides. This has the advantage that they can build shorter than closed quiver, since no tree space for springs must be provided, which increases the overall length.
  • the brushes comprise a shaft with a cross-sectional area having an outer contour, the outer contour being streamlined.
  • An implementation of the streamlined outer contour is possible in that at least a first and second longitudinal side parallel to a first distance to each other, wherein the width of the first longitudinal side is greater than the width of the second longitudinal side, that the first and second longitudinal side disposed symmetrically to a plane are perpendicular to the first and second longitudinal side, that a third and fourth longitudinal side symmetrical to the plane and preferably parallel and at a second distance from each other and that between the first longitudinal side and the third longitudinal side a first slope and between the first longitudinal side and fourth longitudinal side, a second slope is formed.
  • FIG. 1 shows an electrical machine in a longitudinal section
  • FIG. 2 shows a detailed longitudinal section according to the sectional lines II-II in FIG. 3
  • FIG. 3 shows a plan view of the brush holder according to FIG.
  • Figure 4 is a perspective view of brushes, roller springs and a commutator
  • Figure 5 is a plan view of the commutator of Figure 4 and Figure 6a to 6e alternative cross-sectional areas of brushes.
  • an electric machine 10 is shown simplified in a longitudinal section.
  • it is a brush-type DC motor, also called commutator, and is part of a fuel pump of a motor vehicle.
  • the electrical machine 10 preferably has only one direction of rotation, which is why it is particularly intended for the already mentioned fan drive. Also due to the low noise, the electric machine 10 is best suited for a fan output.
  • a commutator is arranged on the armature shaft in the case of a brushed DC motor. In the case of a generator, this would be a slip ring.
  • the electric machine 10 comprises a housing, in particular a pole tube 12, and an armature 14 arranged therein.
  • the armature 14 has an armature shaft 16 which is arranged in two end-side bearings 18, which in turn are fastened in two bearing caps 20.
  • Magnets 22 arranged.
  • the magnets 22 cooperate with a fixed to the armature shaft 14 plate pack 18 with an armature winding 24.
  • the armature winding 24 is connected to hooks 26 (FIG. 2) of a commutator 28.
  • the commutator 28, which is preferably designed as a planar commutator, is acted upon by two brushes 30 indicated by dashed lines.
  • the brushes 30 are arranged on a brush holder 32 produced as a plastic injection-molded part.
  • the brush holder 32 comprises quivers 34 for two brushes 30 with a streamlined outer contour.
  • the brush holder 32 has two quivers 34 which are formed parallel to each other and face in the same direction. Laterally to the commutator 28 alignable openings of the quiver 34 two extending in a plane paragraphs 36 are formed for hooks 38 of 40 rolling springs.
  • the paragraphs 36 may be, for example, the lower or the commutator 28 facing edge of the quiver 34.
  • a web 39 extending transversely through the shaft of the holder 34 is formed at the lower edge.
  • the web 39 extends parallel to the shoulder 36 and the scroll spring 40. It extends only slightly into the shaft of the holder 34 into it.
  • Scroll spring 40 is passed during assembly between the web 39 and the shoulder 36 and then hooked on the shoulder 36. Both the paragraphs 36 and the webs 39, the assembly of the brush 30 and the scroll spring 40 is facilitated by the remote from the commutator 28 side or opening of the holder 34.
  • the web 39 also a shaft 42 and the outer contour 44 of the brush 30 is formed on all sides enclosing guide, which has a positive effect on the vibration behavior and thus, inter alia, the life.
  • the quivers 34 are open at both ends. Between the brush holder 32 and the end face of the commutator 28, a space 41 is formed, through which in the case of
  • Fuel pump fuel is conveyed. Here, the fuel is swirled. The following describes how these turbulences can be reduced.
  • the brushes 30 comprise a
  • Shaft 42 having an outer contour 44 having a cross-sectional area 46.
  • the outer contour 44 is characterized in that it is formed streamlined.
  • the shaft 42 includes a plurality of longitudinal sides 48, 50, 52, 54, which are preferably at right angles to each other. Between respectively adjacent longitudinal sides 48, 50, 52, 54 bevels 56, 58, 60, 62 are formed whose width is greater than the width of at least one of the two adjacent longitudinal sides 48, 50 52, 54. This results in an at least hexagonal, preferably octagonal cross-sectional area 46.
  • a first longitudinal side 48 and a second longitudinal side 50 run parallel to each other at a first distance.
  • the width of the first longitudinal side 48 is greater than the width of the second longitudinal side 50.
  • the first and the second longitudinal side 48, 50 are arranged symmetrically to a dashed line 64, which extends perpendicularly through the first and second longitudinal side.
  • a third longitudinal side 52 and a fourth longitudinal side 54 extend symmetrically to the plane 64 and preferably parallel and with a second
  • the third and fourth longitudinal side 52, 54 are the same size and shorter than the second longitudinal side 50. Between the first longitudinal side 48 and the third longitudinal side 52, a first slope 56 and between the first longitudinal side 48 and fourth longitudinal side 54, a second slope 58 is formed. The first and second slopes 56, 58 are wider than the third and fourth longitudinal sides 52, 54. The first and second slopes 56, 58
  • first angle 66 disposed symmetrically with respect to the plane 64.
  • a fourth slope 62 is formed between the second longitudinal side 50 and the third longitudinal side 52 in each case a third slope 60 and between the second longitudinal side 50 and the fourth longitudinal side 54.
  • the third and fourth slopes 60, 62 are wider than the third and fourth longitudinal sides 52, 54.
  • the third and fourth slopes 60, 62 enclose a second angle symmetrical to the plane 64.
  • the first angle 66 formed by the first and second bevels 60 is smaller than the second angle formed by the third and fourth slopes.
  • the brush 30 has a plane formed as a flat contact surface 68 for the commutator 28 end face.
  • a bevel 72 for the scroll spring 40 is formed on the end face 70 of the brush 30 facing away from the contact surface 68.
  • the slope preferably includes an angle of less than 90 ° with the plane 64.
  • the angle 66 which can also be referred to as the cover angle, is greater by a factor of 1.3 ⁇ 0.2 than the angle 74 of a coal segment 76 of the commutator 28. At least the factor should be greater than 1.
  • the outer contour 44.1, 44.2, 44.3, 44.4, 44.5 can still be round (FIG. 6a), oval (FIG. 6b), diamond-shaped (FIG. 6c), triangular (FIG. 6d) or kidney-shaped (FIG. Figure 6e, indicated only by a ring segment).

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Power Engineering (AREA)
  • Motor Or Generator Current Collectors (AREA)

Abstract

La présente invention un moteur électrique (10) comprenant: un commutateur plan (28) qui présente une surface plane comprenant des segments de contact (76); et un porte-balais (32) qui maintient dans des logements (34), des balais (30) soumis à l'action de ressorts, et dont les logements (34) présentent des ouvertures sur le côté inférieur dirigé vers le commutateur plan (28), les balais (30) sortant desdites ouvertures et les segments de contact (6) de la surface frontale du commutateur plan (28) venant en contact par lesdites ouvertures. Selon l'invention: les ressorts sont des ressorts enroulés (40) qui sont accrochés par des crochets (38), à des éléments d'accrochage (36) qui sont formés latéralement sur les logements (34); et les éléments d'accrochage (36) sont disposés dans un plan qui est parallèle à la surface frontale plane du commutateur plan (28), et à distance de celle-ci. Cela permet une optimisation du rendement de petits moteurs électriques à courant continu comprenant un commutateur plan.
EP05791849A 2004-10-22 2005-08-30 Moteur electrique comprenant un commutateur plan et un porte-balais Withdrawn EP1805868A1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE200410051461 DE102004051461A1 (de) 2004-10-22 2004-10-22 Elektrische Maschine
PCT/EP2005/054248 WO2006045658A1 (fr) 2004-10-22 2005-08-30 Moteur electrique comprenant un commutateur plan et un porte-balais

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP1805868A1 true EP1805868A1 (fr) 2007-07-11

Family

ID=35447227

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP05791849A Withdrawn EP1805868A1 (fr) 2004-10-22 2005-08-30 Moteur electrique comprenant un commutateur plan et un porte-balais

Country Status (4)

Country Link
EP (1) EP1805868A1 (fr)
CN (1) CN101040419B (fr)
DE (1) DE102004051461A1 (fr)
WO (1) WO2006045658A1 (fr)

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US10840781B2 (en) 2018-09-25 2020-11-17 Dennis J. Mancl Commutator brush and rolled-up spring assembly

Families Citing this family (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE102006039594A1 (de) * 2006-08-23 2008-03-06 Temic Automotive Electric Motors Gmbh Gleichstrommaschine
DE102006047085A1 (de) * 2006-10-02 2008-04-03 Robert Bosch Gmbh Elektrische Maschine
DE102006047084A1 (de) * 2006-10-02 2008-04-03 Robert Bosch Gmbh Elektrische Maschine

Family Cites Families (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR1106025A (fr) * 1954-06-10 1955-12-12 Perfectionnements apportés aux moteurs électriques et machines analogues
GB1269403A (en) * 1968-06-21 1972-04-06 Gen Electric Improvements in brush holding arrangements in dynamoelectric machines
US3925696A (en) * 1970-09-08 1975-12-09 Dso Elprom Bg1970090815625 Statorless dynamo-electric machine
US6037685A (en) * 1999-02-12 2000-03-14 Shop-Vac Corporation Thermal protection apparatus for electric motors
DE10248977A1 (de) * 2002-10-21 2004-06-03 Siemens Ag Anschlussstück für einen Elektromotor

Non-Patent Citations (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Title
See references of WO2006045658A1 *

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US10840781B2 (en) 2018-09-25 2020-11-17 Dennis J. Mancl Commutator brush and rolled-up spring assembly

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
WO2006045658A1 (fr) 2006-05-04
DE102004051461A1 (de) 2006-04-27
CN101040419B (zh) 2011-04-13
CN101040419A (zh) 2007-09-19

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