EP1798024A2 - Multi-chamber press with ejectors - Google Patents

Abstract

A multi-chamber press (1) reduces the volume of refuse e.g. paper, cartons and plastic bottles. The multi-chamber unit has a top-mounted press that travels over each chamber in turn. Each press chamber has an ejector for compressed refuse. The mobile (X) press engages with the respective ejection mechanism.

Description

The invention relates to a multi-chamber press, in particular for the pressing of residues, such as waste paper, old cardboard or empty plastic bottles, to pressed bales, with a movable in the longitudinal direction of the multi-chamber press press device, which is positionable via one each of at least two juxtaposed pressing chambers, each Preßkammer an ejector is assigned, which is transferred by means of a respective pressing chamber associated ejection mechanism from a rest position to an ejection position for ejecting a press bale.

Multi-chamber presses, in particular multi-chamber balers, of this type are used, for example, where bulky packaging material is pressed for better handling and better utilization of transport and storage space to compact, compacted bales. Multi-chamber presses consist of two or more pressed rows of press chambers. For moving the pressing device, the pressing chambers are connected to each other on a head side by rails or the like guides. On the rails a movable track bridge is arranged, which carries the pressing device, usually consisting of a pressing cylinder and a pressure plate arranged thereon. The pressing device is in each case moved over the filled compression chamber to compress the filled material to a pressed bale.

Most of the multi-chamber presses are only filled from above. Some known on the market multi-chamber presses can be filled additionally or only through a door in the upper part of a front.

The German utility model originating from the applicant DE 201 08 195 U1 relates to a multi-chamber baler for pressing recyclables, consisting of at least two adjacent juxtaposed compression chambers, which is associated with a pressing device which is supported by a rail movable track bridge, wherein the pressing device immersed in the rest position with its press plate in a compression chamber. This multi-chamber baler has been proven in practice to the effect that fault-prone locking devices can be omitted, since the pressing device is lowered in its rest position with its press plate in the upper region of the compression chamber. On the execution and operation of an ejection mechanism for the pressed bales this document is not.

The German Utility Model, also attributed to the Applicant DE 203 17 398 U1 discloses a door lock on a baler with bale ejector. This baler has several pressing chambers, which is associated with a common, upper side movable pressing device. In each compression chamber own ejection device is arranged, each ejector is associated with the operation of a separate hydraulic cylinder, which leads disadvantageously to a correspondingly high parts and assembly costs and thus high production costs and increased maintenance.

The publication DE 197 38 060 A1 shows a waste press with bale ejector. The ejector is selectively engaged and disengaged with the press apparatus. The manufacture or release of the engagement is effected by mechanical coupling elements which are actuated by the door of the compression chamber. The structural design of the ejection mechanism is because of the coupling with the door very expensive and therefore expensive to manufacture and maintain. In addition, only a waste press with a single press chamber is disclosed in this document, which are assigned to the pressing device and the ejection mechanism fixed.

The DE 692 08 466 T2 discloses a garbage compactor comprising a garbage bin having a first opening for introducing garbage and a second opening closed by an openable door and for discharging garbage. Further, the waste press has a pressing unit with a pressing plate, which is moved into the container through the first opening and is intended to compress waste in the container. A discharge device is disposed in the container for discharging the compressed waste through the second opening. With the discharge a spring set is connected, which discharges the compacted waste after triggering. Into the container, a tensioning device protrudes, which cooperates with the pressure plate, so that the spring set is tensioned when driving in the plate into the container. Further, the waste press on a triggering device which triggers the spring set when the door is open. The main disadvantage of the waste press disclosed in this document is that it is expensive to buy or to produce. In addition, leaves in this waste press through life-related wear the efficiency of the discharge over time, which requires from time to time the installation of spare parts, especially new springs. A further disadvantage is that each compression chamber is assigned in each case one cylinder in order to actuate the discharge device. This is not only very expensive, but also requires a lot of effort by laying many hydraulic lines and by attaching a larger number of valves, hydraulically complex circuits are needed.

The invention has for its object to improve a multi-chamber press of the type mentioned in that the cost of production, entertainment and operation of the multi-chambered press is reduced.

According to the invention the object is achieved in that in addition to the pressing device, the multi-chamber press has a movable in the longitudinal direction actuator which can be brought either with one of the ejection mechanisms in operative engagement and which is arranged on the pressing device and movable together with the pressing device.

According to the invention, therefore, advantageously only a single actuating element is necessary to transfer the respectively desired ejector by means of the ejection mechanism from its rest position to its ejection position. Advantageously, it is provided that the actuating element is movable from one chamber to the next chamber, wherein the actuating element in the longitudinal direction of the multi-chambered press is movable together with the pressing device. The fact that only one actuator is required, is also the parts and assembly costs reduced, while no complicated hydraulic circuits are needed. Characterized in that the actuating element is movable together with the pressing device, it is ensured that the actuating element is always positioned over the same pressing chamber over which the pressing device is positioned. A separate traversing device and guide for the actuator are advantageously not required here.

A multi-chamber press usually has an opening side and a rear wall opposite thereto. Favorable in the context of the invention is when the ejection mechanism is arranged in each case on the opposite to an opening side of the pressing chamber rear wall, since the ejection mechanism there does not obstruct the filling and emptying of the pressing chambers and the pressing process.

For reasons of space and for reasons of safe operation, it is advantageous if each ejection mechanism has a moving element which is fixed to the respective compression chamber with a fixed end and is connected to a juxtaposed connection end with the ejector, wherein the moving member in the rest position of the ejector a parallel to the longitudinal direction of the multi-chamber press actuating portion, wherein the actuating portion merges via a deflection device in a direction perpendicular to the longitudinal direction connecting portion on which the connecting end is arranged, and wherein the actuating portion is deflectable by means of the actuating element so that the connecting end of the connecting portion in Direction is transferred to the actuator and so the ejector is transferred to its ejection position.

In an expedient embodiment, the actuating element is designed as a drive chain, wherein the fixed end is fixed to a fixed gear, wherein the deflection device is a rotatably mounted gear and wherein the actuating element at its free end is assigned to a division of the chain corresponding, rotatably mounted gear.

Next, it is provided that the actuating element is a hydraulic piston-cylinder unit. Since the pressing device usually has a hydraulic pressing cylinder arranged thereon press plate, it is advantageous if the actuating element is designed as a hydraulic cylinder, so that a common hydraulic supply can supply both the pressing cylinder and the hydraulic actuator for the ejector. Alternatively, a pneumatic piston-cylinder unit or an electromechanical or other suitable power drive can be used.

Preferably, it is further provided that the ejector has two coupling elements, between which an ejector foot is arranged. One of the coupling elements is connected here on the one hand with the coupling element and on the other with the Auswerffuß. The other coupling element is favorably connected on the one hand to the Auswerffuß and the other in the region of the opening side with a lower wall of the compression chamber. If the connecting end of the connecting section is deflected as described above, this causes the coupling element connected to the coupling element to be pulled up, for example in the vertical direction of the pressing chamber, whereby the ejector foot is simultaneously pulled upwards and through the action of the second coupling element in the direction towards a center of the pressing chamber is transferred.

In an advantageous embodiment of the invention, it is provided that the Auswerffuß seen in a side view is designed essentially shoe-like, so that the resulting pressed bale is tilted by the geometric configuration of Auswerffußes through the open side opening to the outside, without the risk of unwanted loosening of Bale exists.

Overall, therefore, an improved multi-chamber press is provided, which is considerably reduced as a result of the only one required, movable with the pressing device actuator cost and assembly costs during manufacture and wherein the components used exclude a life-related reduction in effectiveness. The single actuator is easily mounted on the pressing device of the multi-chamber press, so that savings can be achieved here as well. With the lateral method of the pressing device, the actuating element is simultaneously moved and brought into the required position, which keeps the operation simple.

The loading of the pressing chambers is preferably carried out from above. When the compression chamber is full, the pressed material is pressed. This process is repeated after refilling of further pressed material until the pressed bale has reached its intended size. When finished pressed bale in the chamber, a "full" signal is generated, after which an operator can open the door on the opening side of the press. The pressing device remains with its press plate while still in the pressing position. The operator binds off the pressed bale. Alternatively, the setting of the press bale not only manually but also, depending on the equipment of the press, semi-automatic or automatic respectively. The operator then actuates the actuating member positioned with the pressing device over the same pressing chamber while the pressing plate is retracted at the same time or beforehand. By the action of the actuating element of the actuating portion is deflected and pulled up the connection end. At the same time thereby the Auswerffuß is tilted up and forward and conveys the pressed bale through the open door of the compression chamber to the outside. Upon actuation of the actuating element, its free end is displaced with the gear arranged thereon in the direction of the movement element or to the drive chain, so that the actuating portion is deflected. By the rotatable deflecting device or by the rotatably mounted gear, the connecting end of the connecting portion is raised accordingly, by means of the deflecting device for deflecting or transferring the connecting end in the direction of the actuator a very short cylinder travel is required to achieve a long Auswerferweg.

Fig. 1

eine Mehrkammerpresse mit zwei nebeneinander angeordneten Preßkammern in einer Rückansicht,

Fig. 2

die Mehrkammerpresse aus Figur 1 in einer Frontansicht,

Fig. 3

die Mehrkammerpresse aus Figur 1 in einer Seitenansicht mit einem in Ruheposition befindlichen Auswerfer, und

Fig. 4

die Mehrkammerpresse in gleicher Darstellung wie in Figur 3, nun mit einem in einer Auswurfposition befindlichen Auswerfer.

Further advantageous embodiments of the invention are disclosed in the subclaims and the following description of the figures with reference to an embodiment of the multi-chamber press according to the invention. Show it:

Fig. 1

a multi-chamber press with two juxtaposed pressing chambers in a rear view,

Fig. 2

the multi-chamber press of Figure 1 in a front view,

Fig. 3

the multi-chamber press of Figure 1 in a side view with a located in rest position ejector, and

Fig. 4

the multi-chamber press in the same representation as in Figure 3, now with an ejector located in an ejection position.

In the different figures, the same parts are always provided with the same reference numerals, so that these are usually described only once.

Figure 1 shows a multi-chamber press 1 with two juxtaposed Preßkammern 2. The multi-chamber press 1 has a sideways movable pressing device 3, whereby the pressing device 3 can be positioned via one of the two juxtaposed Preßkammern 2. In the illustrated embodiment, the pressing device 3 is positioned above the pressing chamber 2 shown on the right side of the drawing.

Each compression chamber 2 is associated with an ejector 4 (Figure 3 and Figure 4), which can be converted by means of each one of the respective compression chamber 2 associated ejection mechanism 6 from a rest position 7 (Figure 3) in an ejection position 8 (Figure 4). The ejection mechanism 6 is associated with a movable in the longitudinal direction X of the multi-chamber press 1 actuator 9.

The actuating element 9 is attached to the pressing device 3, so that the actuating element 9 can be moved sideways together with the pressing device 3. For the process of the pressing device 3, the juxtaposed pressing chambers 2 are connected to one another, for example, via a rail arrangement arranged on an upper side. The pressing device 3 has in a known manner a hydraulic pressing cylinder arranged thereon press plate.

The actuating element 9 is designed as a hydraulic piston-cylinder unit with a piston rod 12. The piston rod 12 has at its free end a rotatably mounted gear 10, which will be discussed in more detail below.

The ejection mechanism 6 is in each case arranged on a rear wall 14 (FIG. 1) opposite to an opening side 13 (FIG. 2).

At the opening side 13 a door 16 is arranged per pressing chamber 2, so that the respective compression chamber 2 can be opened to eject a generated pressed bales can.

Each ejection mechanism 6 has a moving element 17, which is designed as a drive chain. The movement element 17 is fixed to the respective press chamber 2 with a fixed end 18 and connected to the ejector 4 with a connection end 19 opposite thereto. For this purpose, a corresponding coupling element 21 is provided, which passes through the rear wall 14, so that a connection of the outer movement element 17 is made to the inner ejector 4. The coupling element 21 is for this purpose received in a vertically extending guide slot 22.

On the left side of the drawing of Figure 1, the moving member 17 is shown in the rest position 7 of the ejector 4, while on the right side of the drawing, the moving member 17 is shown in the ejection position 8 of the ejector 4.

In the rest position 7 of the ejector 4, the movement element 17 has a parallel to the longitudinal direction X of the multi-chamber press 1 operating portion 23 which merges via a Umlenkzahnrad 24 in a direction perpendicular to the longitudinal direction X connecting portion 26 having the connecting end 19.

The coupling element 21 is connected to the connecting end 19 of the connecting portion 26. On the right side of the drawing of Figure 1 it can be seen that the actuating portion 23 is deflected by means of the actuating element 9, so that the connecting end 19 of the connecting portion 26 is pulled in the direction of the actuating element 9 and so the ejector 4 from its rest position 7 (Figure 3) its ejection position 8 (Figure 4) is transferred.

3 shows a side view of the arranged on the left side of the drawing compression chamber 2 of Figure 1, while Figure 4 is a side view of the arranged on the right side of the drawing compression chamber 2 of Figure 1.

The fixed end 18 of the moving element 17 is fixed to a stationary gear, while the deflection device 24 is a rotatably mounted gear. At the free end of the piston rod 12 is a for the division of the movement element 17 and the drive chain corresponding, rotatably mounted gear 10 is fixed.

The ejector 4 has two coupling elements 27, 28, between which an ejector foot 29 is arranged (Figure 3 and Figure 4).

The coupling elements 27 and 28 are preferably designed as coupling rods, wherein the coupling element 27 is connected on the one hand with the coupling element 21 and on the other with the Auswerffuß 29. The other coupling element 28 is hingedly connected to the Auswerffuß 29 on the one hand and hinged to the other in the region of the opening side 13 of the respective compression chamber 2.

The Auswerffuß 29 is best seen in Figure 4. The Auswerffuß 29 is seen in side view substantially shoe-like with an opening side 13 oriented active portion 31 and an abutment portion 32 arranged thereon. The active section 31 has a substantially flat underside 33 and a slightly inclined upper side 34 arranged opposite thereto. The abutment section 32 has a substantially flat rear side 36 and a slightly inclined front 37. The inclined top side 34 of the active section 31 merges into the slightly inclined front side 37 of the abutment section 32.

The coupling element 27 is rigidly connected to the abutment portion 32. With its opposite end of the coupling element 27 is rotatably or pivotally connected to the coupling element 21. For this purpose, the coupling element 21 may be provided, for example, as a tab with a arranged in the interior of the compression chamber 2 bore into which a corresponding connecting element, such as a bolt, engage, so that the coupling element 27 at this end rotatable or pivotable with the coupling element 21st connected is.

The other coupling element 28 is rotatably mounted in the region of the opening side 13 of the respective compression chamber 2 and hinged to the other rotatable on the abutment portion 32. For this purpose, the abutment portion 32 is associated with a tab 38 which is rotatably connected to the abutment portion 32, but fixed or non-rotatably connected to the correspondingly associated end of the coupling element 28.

The figure 1 it can be seen that the guide gap 22 is arranged approximately in the middle of the respective compression chamber 2. In the illustrated embodiment, the Auswerffuß 29 is also arranged with its central axis in the middle of the respective compression chamber 2 and extends beyond the center line laterally sufficient.

The coupling element 28 is arranged in the embodiment shown in Figures 3 and 4 in the vicinity of a side wall of the respective compression chamber 2, so that the coupling element 28 is connected via a substantially parallel to the rear wall 14 extending coupling member 39 with the contact portion 32. The coupling member 39 is preferably designed as a square tube, which is connected to the tab 38.

In the rest position 7, the coupling element 27 extends parallel to a bottom wall of the compression chamber 2, while the coupling element 28 extends parallel to the vertical direction of the compression chamber 2 (Figure 3). In the ejection position 8 of the ejector 4, the coupling element 27 extends from the opening side 13 at an acute angle of about 45 ° upwards in the direction of the rear wall 14. The coupling element 27 is deflected by the forced operation of the coupling element 28 accordingly, so that by lifting the Auswerffußes 29 of the finished pressed bales by the interaction of the active portion 31 with the contact portion 32 and the top 31 and front 37 is ejected through the open door 16 from the compression chamber 2 in a tilting movement.

The transfer of the ejector 4 from the rest position 7 in the ejection position 8, as already described, achieved by the actuator 9. As can be seen from FIG. 1, the actuating element 9, by extending its piston rod 12 in the direction of the bottom wall of the compression chamber 2, deflects the actuating section 23 of the movement element 17 or the drive chain running in the rest position 7 parallel to the longitudinal direction. As a result, the connecting end 19 of the moving member 17 in the direction of the actuating element 9, that is pulled upwards, whereby the coupling element 27 is moved accordingly. By the deflection device 24 is advantageously achieved that a relatively small piston stroke of the actuating element 9 is sufficient to reach the relatively long path of the ejector 4 from its rest position 7 in the ejection position 8.

Claims (7)

Multi-chamber press (1), in particular for pressing residual materials, such as waste paper, old cardboard or empty plastic bottles, into pressed bales, having a pressing device (3) which can be displaced in the longitudinal direction (X) of the multi-chamber press (1) and which is in each case one of at least two each Preßkammer (2) is associated with an ejector (4) by means of one of the respective Preßkammer (2) associated ejection mechanism (6) from a rest position (7) in an ejection position (8) for Ejecting a press bale is transferable,
characterized,
in that, in addition to the pressing device (3), the multi-chamber press (1) has an actuating element (9) movable in its longitudinal direction (X), which can be brought into operative engagement with either one of the ejecting mechanisms (6) and which is arranged on the pressing device (3) and is movable together with the pressing device (3). Multi-chamber press according to Claim 1, characterized in that the ejection mechanism (6) is arranged in each case on a rear wall (14) lying opposite an opening side (13) of the pressing chamber (2). Multi-chamber press according to Claim 1 or 2, characterized in that each ejection mechanism (6) has a movement element (17) which is fixed to the respective press chamber (2) with a fixing end (18) and with a connecting end (19) opposite thereto the ejector (4) is connected, wherein the movement element (17) in the rest position (7) of the ejector (4) to the longitudinal direction (X) of the multi-chamber press (1) parallel actuating portion (23), wherein the actuating portion (23 ) via a deflecting device (24) in a perpendicular to the longitudinal direction (X) extending connecting portion (26) merges, on which the connecting end (19) is arranged, and wherein the actuating portion (23) by means of the actuating element (9) is deflected so that the connecting end (19) of the connecting portion (23) is transferred in the direction of the actuating element (9) and so the ejector (4) in its ejection position (8) can be transferred. Multi-chamber press according to claim 3, characterized in that the movement element (17) is designed as a drive chain, wherein the fixed end (18) is fixed to a fixed gear, wherein the deflection device (24) is a rotatably mounted gear and wherein the actuating element (9 ) is assigned at its free end a corresponding to the division of the drive chain, rotatably mounted gear (10). Multi-chamber press according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the actuating element (9) is a hydraulic piston-cylinder unit. Multi-chamber press according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the ejector (4) has two coupling elements (27, 28) connected to one another in an articulated manner, between which an ejection foot (29) is arranged. Multi-chamber press according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the ejection foot (29), as seen in a side view, is essentially designed as a shoe.

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