EP1797375A1 - Procede pour faire fonctionner des systemes comprenant des moyens qui engendrent un changement d'etat, dispositif, et utilisation correspondante - Google Patents

Procede pour faire fonctionner des systemes comprenant des moyens qui engendrent un changement d'etat, dispositif, et utilisation correspondante

Info

Publication number
EP1797375A1
EP1797375A1 EP05796357A EP05796357A EP1797375A1 EP 1797375 A1 EP1797375 A1 EP 1797375A1 EP 05796357 A EP05796357 A EP 05796357A EP 05796357 A EP05796357 A EP 05796357A EP 1797375 A1 EP1797375 A1 EP 1797375A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
state changing
heat
operating systems
aggregate state
media according
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Withdrawn
Application number
EP05796357A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Inventor
Karl Heinz Gast
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Gast Karl Heinz
Original Assignee
Individual
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Individual filed Critical Individual
Publication of EP1797375A1 publication Critical patent/EP1797375A1/fr
Withdrawn legal-status Critical Current

Links

Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
    • F28D—HEAT-EXCHANGE APPARATUS, NOT PROVIDED FOR IN ANOTHER SUBCLASS, IN WHICH THE HEAT-EXCHANGE MEDIA DO NOT COME INTO DIRECT CONTACT
    • F28D20/00—Heat storage plants or apparatus in general; Regenerative heat-exchange apparatus not covered by groups F28D17/00 or F28D19/00
    • F28D20/0034—Heat storage plants or apparatus in general; Regenerative heat-exchange apparatus not covered by groups F28D17/00 or F28D19/00 using liquid heat storage material
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
    • F25B30/00—Heat pumps
    • F25B30/02—Heat pumps of the compression type
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
    • F25B2400/00—General features or devices for refrigeration machines, plants or systems, combined heating and refrigeration systems or heat-pump systems, i.e. not limited to a particular subgroup of F25B
    • F25B2400/14—Power generation using energy from the expansion of the refrigerant
    • F25B2400/141—Power generation using energy from the expansion of the refrigerant the extracted power is not recycled back in the refrigerant circuit
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
    • F25B2400/00—General features or devices for refrigeration machines, plants or systems, combined heating and refrigeration systems or heat-pump systems, i.e. not limited to a particular subgroup of F25B
    • F25B2400/24—Storage receiver heat
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
    • Y02E60/14—Thermal energy storage

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a method for operating systems with aggregate state changing media, such as heat pumps, cooling systems, differential pressure drives and units for aggregate state changing units, as well as the use of the method and the device.
  • aggregate state changing media such as heat pumps, cooling systems, differential pressure drives and units for aggregate state changing units, as well as the use of the method and the device.
  • the general state of the art is in heat pumps or steam generating
  • Equipment heat exchangers used to vaporize and liquefy the heat transfer media. In this case, two different heat transfer media are guided past each other at the heat exchangers. Such devices require the design of the heat exchanger according to the desired peak power with the necessary exchange surface or flow rate and the required material cost.
  • the heat or cold can not be utilized. For example, in a heat pump, the cooled medium d. H. the cold was not used. In cooling systems, this is the reverse.
  • the invention is based on the object, while avoiding the disadvantages of the known heat transfer in such systems, the method so that The energy-exchanging units can be designed so that this material can be performed sparingly and the system receives better efficiency.
  • the energy required for liquefaction and evaporation should be used as optimally as possible.
  • the energy required for this purpose should be obtained as regeneratively as possible and stored energies should be stored or otherwise made available.
  • the object is achieved by the method specified in the characterizing part of claim 1, namely the fact that the or the physical state change in a storing device in or on heat transfer media done and aggregate state changes are carried out according to the temperature in each case in a colder and in a warmer zone wherein the zones are loadable and dischargeable.
  • the invention also provides a device for operating systems with aggregate state changing media, mainly according to one or more of claims 1 to 24 which mutatis mutandis, the same object is the same as the method. This object is achieved by the features specified in the characterizing part of claim 25, namely the fact that heat exchanging units consist of two successive shells, which form an interior. As a result, the required pressures can be maintained and a high heat exchange performance material saving and envelope surfaces can be achieved optimized.
  • the subject of the invention is a use of devices and / or methods in the form that they are used for the heat exchange of supply of cold areas and / or heat areas or for heat exchanging energy input and output, and for pressure vessels.
  • the stock productivity of the heat exchanging units is increased, i. These are optimized in terms of pressure and heat exchange material, so that it is achieved with low material usage high functionality in terms of heat exchange and pressure level.
  • the use of such methods increases the efficiency and degree of utilization of heating systems and mechanical energy generators for power generation or compression. Above all, this can be done with renewable energy.
  • FIG. 1 shows an example.
  • the storage heat transfer medium (17, 24) may, for example, be a fluid, wherein this fluid can be regeneratively heated or filled via supply (5, 20) and discharge (29, 21).
  • supply (5, 20) and discharge (29, 21) For example, with heat from a solar collector and / or geothermal energy.
  • a high or low temperature level is brought into the device thus storing with a layer loading and provision device (3, 25, 18, 19) and at the same time an optional temperature is made available from the storing device.
  • the two storing devices are advantageously insulated from each other heat (16).
  • the aggregate state changing media are located in the heat exchanging units (7, 9). According to the invention, these also store the state of matter changing media, which for example consist of propane or butane or a mixture of the two.
  • the aggregate state changing units (7, 9) are connected by lines (11, 12, 13) and are separable from each other with valves (6, 14).
  • a connecting line (12,13) is a compressor (8) and in the other connecting line (10) driven by flow of small turbine (10), vorgenanten components with a switching device (15) are switched according to the function.
  • the units of state (7, 9) which change state of matter also receive changing functions with regard to liquefaction and evaporation.
  • a heat exchanger In conventional heat pumps and refrigeration units, a heat exchanger always has the same function and the storage of the energy state of at least one side is not provided there. This is also advantageous for specific devices, since the heat transfer media are led past the heat exchangers with a large surface area for a high exchange rate. In a heat pump operation with the storing devices (1, 2) and the
  • state of matter changing units (7, 9) can also store the energy state of both sides in a colder and in a warmer zone.
  • the warmer zone is in the so-storing device (1) and the colder zone in the storing device (2), whereby the heat energy usefully in the storing device (2) as by a liquid from a Geoley Eatayneer.
  • the storing device (2) could also be located directly as a storage heat exchanger in a geological underground.
  • the division of the storage into an insulated storage device (2) and into a heat exchanging storage device additionally enables the utilization of the refrigeration temperature profile generated by the evaporation in the unit state changing unit (7) and storable with the layering and supply device by circulation of the frost-proof heat storage fluid (17), for example of oil or a water glycol mixture in heat exchangers in rooms or cabinets to be cooled.
  • the increased heat is achieved by compressing the evaporation agent with the compressor (8) into the heat exchange unit (9), the valve (14) allowing only a flow towards the heat exchange unit (9) and relaxing the compressed gas with the valve (9). 6) and the turbine (10) in the storing device (9).
  • the valves have in the prior art mechanically fixed functions with respect to backflow prevention and throttling.
  • variable pressure functions are provided by means of the pressure sensors (27, 26).
  • Backflow prevention is achieved in this arrangement by measuring pressure changes and releasing the valve in the case of flow making changes (14). But also with an additional measurement of the pressure at the compressor outlet is the backflow prevention and an exact Adjustment of pressure generation possible.
  • the switching device switches the processes depending on the measured pressures (26, 27) whereby a corresponding temperature level in the storing devices (1, 2) are generated.
  • the stored state-changing media in the heat exchange units (7, 9) allow operation in a wide pressure range, so that the different temperature levels and thus loading a vaporizing storing device in a wide temperature range, so that in addition to geothermal heat and waste heat or solar heat with this Device can be brought to a usable heat level, so that accumulating heat from diffuse radiation and lower temperatures from geothermal extraction can be used with the same system with high efficiency.
  • the refrigeration requirement is but to take into account what the arrangement of the inlet and outlet lines (20, 21) but allows, since the cold, for example, is lower storable than the supply and removal is arranged for the Krriarni. Like sr.hiohthar, Snit can hear Hif »Wäri ⁇ ippr7Piiminii ⁇ vm ⁇ Listen Heat requirements are kept independent of refrigeration demand and the cold are provided in several temperature levels.
  • the working pressure points of the evaporation and liquefaction can be much further apart by the storage, whereby the turbine can be operated optimally and the interaction of compression and relaxation is independent of each other.
  • the clocked operation of a heat pump, i. in time-separated phases is thereby possible, which also electrical energy from solar radiation can be better used for the compression, and solar radiation pauses can be at least partially bridged with the turbine.
  • the clocked operation allows a certain decoupling of refrigeration demand and heat demand, so that thermal limitations or cooling restrictions can be bridged, for example, by the limited storage capacity.
  • such a device provides not only heat but also refrigeration for use, so that the efficiency increases as, for example, the energy requirement for the cold is eliminated and the energy regeneratively or partially regeneratively generated, so that the environmental impact can be reduced. Also, the use of the aggregates takes place several times for heat and cold, which also savings can be achieved.
  • the refrigeration unit operation differs from the heat pump operation in that the storage capacity is more displaced in the colder zone and that the warmer zone is also cooled, for example, with geothermal heat insofar as the accumulated heat is not needed. This is with the storing device (1) the Zu (28) and derivative (29) in the field of
  • Heat exchanging unit (9) possible, while still heat can be brought with the stratifying device (25) in the upper region. As a result, with high cooling demand cooling with high efficiency is possible and heat is also available.
  • the system in Figure 1 is also operable in differential pressure mode. The required heat and cold, for example, also regenerative with solar heat or
  • FIG. 2 shows the heat exchanging unit for the physical state changes (7, 9) in an expanded and improved form. The problem with the heat exchange is that on the one hand high pressures must be maintained and the largest possible heat exchange surface is available.
  • the lower pressure stability of this form is compensated by connections of the shells (33) at intervals, which may advantageously be sleeves, so that through these sleeves a better convection of the storage medium (17, 24) is made possible.
  • a double wall (36) or bodies (37) with liquid and gas line to and from the outer wall (33) also the pressure stability and the simultaneous heat conduction, as well as a small wall thickness and thus a high heat exchange performance is achieved have a round or elongated shape with recesses which form an interior, which form short paths from the large outer surface into the internal medium, so that the heat exchange is optimal.
  • At least one compound (30) is liquid level-retaining, whereby the heat exchange with gas participation always have several storage heat exchanger in contact with liquid.
  • Storage heat exchangers in the manner described are also useful as a mere complement in other storage facilities, for example, for pressurized hot water or pressurized heat storage medium.
  • the method claimed for operating systems with aggregate state changing media such as heat pumps, cooling systems, differential pressure drives, that the or the state of aggregation in a storing device (1, 2) in or on heat transfer media (17, 24) carried out and aggregate state change in accordance with the temperature in each case a colder and in a warmer zone, where the zones are loadable and dischargeable (5, 29, 9, 7, 20, 21, 22, 23) can be used for heat-powered, cooling systems, or differential pressure operated fluid mechanical drives.
  • the combination of such systems to a heat storage device is useful, especially if they are divided into zones and thus different temperature levels can be produced and implemented useful.
  • Heat exchanging units result in new operating methods, for example, a range of more tolerant control of the energy conversion by the construction and degradation of gas pressures. For this purpose, however, facilities according to claims 25 to 31 are required. Also useful is the method that the aggregate state changing units (7, 9) and / or joints (11, 12, 13) between them are liquid and gas collecting formed and arranged so that a natural exchange can take place. As a result, the efficiency is improved, including, however, the storing zones are also arranged with difference in height. Further developing the method that aggregate state changing units (7, 9) and the adjacent heat storage media (17, 24) in an insulating space (1, 2) or storage space are integrated.
  • the zones can be built adjacent and kept at their temperature, which can not be done for a long time without supply of temperature level in a pure stratification.
  • the use of storage capacities, for example in earthen areas, is facilitated by the integration of the units in storage spaces and more economical.
  • Isolation chambers (1, 2) are located, high temperature differences can be realized for storage.
  • the procedure that contains frost-prone or cooking zones (1, 2) or connected exchange systems as a heat storage medium or heat transfer medium oil or a water glycol mixture or gas allows operation and replacement especially for the use of freezing temperatures or high temperatures. But also a tolerant heat pump function with regard to temperature level and pressure level without danger of frost at further
  • the natural exchange of aggregate state changing or storing media can also be maintained during the cascading.
  • Operating benefit also brings the method for operating systems with aggregate state changing media that heat from and in an aggregate state changing units (7, 9) and / or storing devices (l, 2) temperature selectable removable and loadable (3, 18, 19, 25).
  • the storage temperature can be adapted to the respective use and heat supply phases, which also increases the efficiency.
  • Also useful for economic operation is the method for operating systems with aggregate state changing media, that the relaxation and / or compression of the physical state changing units (7, 9) is temperature-dependent.
  • Application gain brings the method for operating systems with aggregate state changing media, that is discharged from an aggregate state changing device heat and cold or electrical (8) or mechanical energy (8). As a result, for example, larger cold rooms can be created, which, for example, modern basement for
  • Ingredients are to be used for irinotitis anr. H. Intznm ⁇ ⁇ mn Irnctenaiinctin cr% a; r ⁇ , a * u n ⁇ a ⁇ Solar energy for the generation of electrical energy supports the regeneration of this form of energy and helps to apply it as well.
  • the method of operating systems with aggregate state alternating media that the loading and / or unloading (5, 29, 9, 20, 21, 22, 23, 7) of the zones (1,2) is regenerative, such as with solar panels, Geothermal, earth cold, air (37, 38), allows the extension of the zones (1,2)
  • a protective liquid (39) protects the heat storage fluid and the storing device from oxygen entry and thus from corrosion.
  • Dölich for operating systems with aggregate state changing media is the method that is switched at the risk of frost of a regenerative generator by Wä ⁇ neentddling to another generator and / or heat excess temperature level in an endangered generator is supplied. As a result, for example, the system efficiency is improved.
  • the method for operating systems with aggregate state changing media that at least 2 of the following modes in an aggregate state changing system are operable: heat pump operation, refrigeration mode, differential pressure drive operation. This allows the production of electrical energy from heat using units for the operating modes. Also advantageous is the method that aggregates or memory from a refrigeration system or
  • Heat pump system can be used for a differential pressure operation or vice versa.
  • the differential pressure operation is more economically feasible and heat pump operation and cooling operation can functionally benefit from it.
  • electrical energy can be recovered and utilized within the systems and used for example for auxiliary energy and electrical energy to the outside independent of the conversion rate of energy to Will be provided.
  • Beneficial is the method that in heat pump operation or refrigeration operation, the relaxation energy is converted into mechanical energy and this energy is reused, such as by mechanically driving a generator that supplies the compression drive with energy or drives a pre-compression. As a result, the efficiency or the number of working is improved and the delivery of electrical energy can be supported with these units.
  • the energy is optimally utilized and the efficiency of Plant is improved.
  • the feed can be done by a housing surrounded by the storage heat transfer medium or a heat transfer medium by means of natural convection or by passage into the storing device (1,2) or in an exchange circulation.
  • the provision that the heat exchanging units (7, 9) take place by means of two shells (33) mounted one on top of the other can also provide the heat exchanging units with pressure stability and storage capability and can also be adapted to the formation of heat zones or cold zones, wherein also a stratification within the zones is made possible in compact dimensions.
  • an installation position or installation position can be kept tolerant, since only slight heat transfer is possible due to changes in position.
  • such units can be carried out over a large area, whereby, for example, the application is given in heat exchanging exchangers of a heating system.
  • the mounting position is independent and gas inclusions can be avoided, whereby the heat exchange performance can be kept constant.
  • Other layers than in the figures can be realized with other attachment of the inlets and outlets and depending on the application feasible and with advantages in terms of heat conduction over short distances and with storing recording and delivery of heat is providable.
  • geothermal can be obtained by little earth movement with such heat exchange units.
  • the device is favorable in that the media receiving units increase surfaces and pressure stabilizing. As a result, the heat exchange over a larger area and by a corresponding embodiment of the area enlargement Druckstabütician is additionally increased, whereby thin walls can be realized and thereby the heat exchange performance is also improved.
  • the device that the press-in edges are semi-honeycomb structured, allows additional stability and surface enlargement through the structure.
  • a pressure stabilization (28) and / or surface enlargement of the media receiving units by means of heat storage media, such as by integration in fluid pressure accumulator.
  • the fluid pressure takes over part of the pressure stabilization for safety and the fluid heat conduction.
  • brackets also by sleeves, the pressure stability is increased and by a design that these means are arranged to conduct heat and constructive so that in addition one significant varnishleit industrial or convection relief is possible.
  • sleeves are designed as a guide for a screw connection and in addition the sleeve is made so large that convection can take place through the sleeve, as a result of which large-area heat exchange units are quasi are interrupted and the convection can take shorter paths and thus a better natural exchange of media takes place.
  • devices and methods according to claims 1 to 29 are used for the heat exchange supply of cooling areas and / or heat areas or for heat exchanging energy input and output.
  • Different degrees of cold and heat can be used in different areas such as compartments, cabinets and rooms. For example, freezing, cooling, air conditioning, heating, heating, heating. Areas remote from the storage device may be provided with fluid exchange devices and heat exchange units of the type according to the invention.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Thermal Sciences (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Other Air-Conditioning Systems (AREA)

Abstract

L'invention se rapporte à un procédé pour faire fonctionner des systèmes comprenant des moyens qui engendrent un changement d'état, tels que des thermopompes, des systèmes de refroidissement, et des mécanismes à pression différentielle. Selon l'invention, le(s) changement(s) d'état a/ont lieu dans un dispositif de stockage, dans ou sur des moyens de transfert thermique, et les changements d'état ont respectivement lieu dans une zone plus froide ou une zone plus chaude, en fonction de la température, lesdites zones pouvant être chargées et déchargées. Des perfectionnements avantageux de ce procédé sont exposés. Cette invention concerne également un dispositif dont les unités d'échange thermique sont constituées de deux enveloppes superposées qui forment un espace interne. L'invention se rapporte en outre à l'utilisation dudit procédé et de ce dispositif à des fins de refroidissement et de chauffage. L'objectif de cette invention est d'améliorer le rendement tout en utilisant moins de matériau, d'étendre l'utilisation régénératrice de la chaleur et du froid, et d'accroître l'utilité pour les utilisateurs.
EP05796357A 2004-08-21 2005-08-22 Procede pour faire fonctionner des systemes comprenant des moyens qui engendrent un changement d'etat, dispositif, et utilisation correspondante Withdrawn EP1797375A1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE102004041785A DE102004041785A1 (de) 2004-08-21 2004-08-21 Verfahren und Einrichtung zum Betreiben von Systemen mit Aggregatzustand wechselnden Medien
PCT/EP2005/009601 WO2006021464A1 (fr) 2004-08-21 2005-08-22 Procede pour faire fonctionner des systemes comprenant des moyens qui engendrent un changement d'etat, dispositif, et utilisation correspondante

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP1797375A1 true EP1797375A1 (fr) 2007-06-20

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EP05796357A Withdrawn EP1797375A1 (fr) 2004-08-21 2005-08-22 Procede pour faire fonctionner des systemes comprenant des moyens qui engendrent un changement d'etat, dispositif, et utilisation correspondante

Country Status (4)

Country Link
US (1) US20080093050A1 (fr)
EP (1) EP1797375A1 (fr)
DE (1) DE102004041785A1 (fr)
WO (1) WO2006021464A1 (fr)

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Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
WO2006021464A1 (fr) 2006-03-02
DE102004041785A1 (de) 2006-02-23
US20080093050A1 (en) 2008-04-24

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