EP1795636B1 - Heald for warp yarns having a band shape - Google Patents

Description

The invention relates to a heddle for warp threads in the form of flat, ribbon-like fiber bundles.

In the weaving industry so-called heald frames are used for shedding, which basically consist of a rectangular frame with vertical side supports and horizontal, At a distance parallel to each other arranged Holms exist, which are referred to as shaft rods. The shaft rods carry Litzentragschienen in the form along the shaft rods extending steel rails with usually approximately rectangular cross-section. Heddles are held between the heald bars, which sit with their end lugs on the heald bars. Each heddle has at least one thread eye through which a warp thread extends. If the shafts together with healds moved vertically up and down, the respective threads are returned from the warp thread level or in this.

Often and more recently, the task of shedding with slivers, which are used in place of conventional warp threads increasingly. This is for example for the production of technical fabrics, in particular for the production of fabrics for fiber composite materials or high-strength, for example bullet-proof fabrics. To make the same, the band-shaped warp yarns usually have to be flat, i. be transferred without lateral compression in the tissue. Furthermore, the individual slivers in the tissue must be as close to each other as possible.

In addition, additional warp threads must be guided between adjacent healds, which then pass through the healds of other healds and are moved differently than the warp threads initially considered. Also for these warp threads sufficient space must be created. In addition, damage to the warp threads must be prevented.

From the DE-PS 22996 is known a heald, which consists of two thin superimposed metal strips. to Forming an eye, the metal strips are bent away from each other in a central region. The result is an oval eye, which is greater in the longitudinal direction of the strand than in the transverse strand direction. This strand is not suitable for weaving chamfering ribbons.

From the U.S. Patent 3,960,182 healds are known which are composed of at least two parts. A first part has two laterally projecting pins, which engage in the groove of a second, arranged in parallel, in cross-section approximately U-shaped part. As a result, a thread eye is set between the two pins. The U-shaped part is welded or glued to the pins.

Such strands, when used to weave slivers, require relatively large distances between the slivers.

The DE-A-2351795 deals with healds for the production of fabric from rigid wire. The heddles each consist of two flat steel bands, the ends of which lie flat on each other and are held by shafts. In the middle, the bands are spread apart and held apart by two pins which form supports for the wire. Adjacent strands are spaced apart a great distance to form a coarse-meshed wire mesh.

Such heddles are not suitable for the processing of Fäserbändern readily.
On this basis, it is an object of the invention to provide a heddle, which is suitable for weaving slivers.

This object is achieved with a heddle according to claim 1:

The heddle according to the invention has at least two bands which extend in a longitudinal direction and are provided with a device for mounting on a heddle support rail. The two bands are in the region of the thread eye in each case in a plane which runs parallel to the guided warp thread and thus both parallel to the warp thread running direction and parallel to the direction of movement of the shaft. Between the bands thread support elements are mounted, which define a thread eye between each other. The yarn thread formed has very narrow side webs, which however have a high tensile strength. The band-shaped warp threads can therefore be guided close together, which is desirable for the production of dense tissue.

The two thread support elements held between the bands form a thread eye with a substantially rectangular cross section with the lateral bands. This is contrary to the circumstances when guiding flat ribbon-shaped warp threads. A deformation of the band-shaped warp threads in the shedding is thus largely excluded. The individual filaments of the ribbon-like or band-shaped warp are guided parallel to each other.

The bands extend at least from one thread support element to the other thread support element. In addition, they can each extend up to an end eyelet, which forms the means for storage on the shaft stave. The end eyelet can be attached to the band or be formed on the tape itself, for example, by stamped into the bands each congruent recesses or otherwise introduced, through which the heddle support rail can extend. Alternatively, from the same material as the bands or from other materials existing Endösenelemente be connected to the tapes, for example glued, welded or riveted. Other connectivity options may be considered.

The bands are preferably formed congruent with each other. Furthermore, the heald is preferably formed symmetrically with respect to a median plane as a whole. The median plane is parallel to the flat sides of the two bands and is centered between them. This high working speeds are possible.

The bands consist of a suitable flat material, in particular a metal, for example steel. However, they may also consist of a fiber composite material, such as a carbon fiber reinforced plastic. Preferably fiber composite materials are used with directional fibers, in which the fibers are oriented, for example, in the longitudinal direction of the respective tape. This makes it possible to produce particularly light and high-strength healds.

The mutually preferably surface-parallel arranged bands are formed completely flat in a preferred embodiment and thus maintain over its entire length a uniform distance. This embodiment has the advantage that the bands are stressed in operation only on train and pressure and eliminate bending stresses. The strands are therefore stable and heavy-duty with low weight.

One or more spacers may be provided between the bands. Thus, the distance of the strands is kept constant at the relevant point, for example in the immediate vicinity of the end eyelets. This measure prevents jamming of the end eyelets on the heddle support rail when the strands are pushed onto the reel support rails, for example, during assembly of the reef shank. The spacers may be made of metal or of a plastic, the latter can be used to achieve a low wire weight.

The thread support elements are preferably designed as pins, which are held at the ends of the bands. The thread support elements may be cylinder body, tubular body, hollow profile body or the like. Pipe and hollow profile bodies have the advantage that a large and thereby generously rounded support surface for the warp threads can be achieved, wherein the weight of the thread support elements and thus the heald remains low. The thread support elements may be made of hardened steel, carbide or ceramic. They can be formed both completely and only partially from said material. For example, the thread support elements may be embedded in a plastic body or connected to a plastic body which is held between the bands of the heddle and carries the thread support elements. If necessary, the thread support elements can additionally be connected to the bands at their end faces, in particular in order to avoid the formation of a gap in which otherwise warp threads could pinch. The said plastic elements can serve to support the thread support elements at a reduced total weight.

Preferably, the thread support elements are immovably held on the tapes. For this they are, as mentioned, for example, at their ends with the tapes fully connected. Such healds are suitable for guiding band-shaped warp threads, which consist, for example, of loosely adjacent, mutually unconnected fiber bundles, which are designed in the manner of rovings. This is particularly advantageous for the production of technical fabrics which are provided as fiber inserts for a fiber composite material. For processing highly sensitive fibers, the thread support elements may also be formed from a plastic. This can be selected so that it has a friction-reducing effect.

Further details of advantageous embodiments of the invention are the subject of the drawing, the description or subclaims.

Figur 1

eine erfindungsgemäße Weblitze, gehalten auf zwei Litzentragschienen in schematisierter perspektivischer Ansicht,

Figur 2

eine abgewandelte Ausführungsform der Weblitze nach Figur 1 in schematisierter perspektivischer Ansicht,

Figur 3

eine weiter abgewandelte Ausführungsform der erfindungsgemäßen Weblitze in perspektivischer Ansicht,

Figur 4

eine Ausführungsform der erfindungsgemäßen Weblitze in perspektivischer ausschnittsweiser Prinzipdarstellung,

Figur 5

einen Ausschnitt aus dem Band einer Weblitze mit Abstandshalter in perspektivischer Explosionsdarstellung,

Figur 6

eine weitere Ausführungsform einer Weblitze in ausschnittsweiser, perspektivischer Darstellung und

Figur 7

eine weitere Ausführungsform einer erfindungsgemäßen Weblitze in perspektivischer, ausschnittsweiser Darstellung.

In the drawings, embodiments of the invention are illustrated. Show it:

FIG. 1

a heddle according to the invention, held on two heddle rails in a schematic perspective view,

FIG. 2

a modified embodiment of the heald after FIG. 1 in a schematic perspective view,

FIG. 3

a further modified embodiment of the heddle according to the invention in a perspective view,

FIG. 4

An embodiment of the heddle according to the invention in a perspective fragmentary schematic representation,

FIG. 5

a section of the band of a heald with spacer in a perspective exploded view,

FIG. 6

a further embodiment of a heddle in a fragmentary, perspective view and

FIG. 7

a further embodiment of a heddle according to the invention in a perspective, fragmentary representation.

In FIG. 1 is a heald 1 illustrated, which is held between two mutually spaced parallel litz carrier rails 2, 3 of a not otherwise illustrated heald of a loom. The heald serves for shed formation with band-shaped warp threads, which for example consist of loosely lying individual threads. The warp threads 4 thus form a band and can also be regarded as a band-shaped warp thread. These are, for example, carbon fibers, aramid fibers or other fibers, in particular synthetic fibers for technical fabrics.

To the heald 1 include two bands 5, 6, which are formed for example in the form of thin steel sheets. The bands 5, 6 have, for example, a thickness of only 0.1 mm to 0.5 mm, along their longitudinal direction 7 have a length which is greater than the distance of the Litzentragschienen 2, 3. They are each of preferably straight Edges 8, 9 limited. The width of each band 5, 6 to be measured between the edges 8, 9 is between 1 mm and 80 mm or more. The width of the bands 5 and 6 are adapted to the sliver to be woven and dependent on this. The bands 5, 6 of the heald 1 are formed completely flat in the embodiment and arranged at a distance parallel to each other, wherein they are formed congruent to each other. At their ends they are each provided with end loops 10, 11, 12, 13, for example by corresponding openings in end portions of the bands 5, 6 are punched. In FIG. 1 are so-called C-shaped end eyelets illustrated. Other end eyelet shapes such as O-shapes or J-shapes may be used or provided. Preferably, the end eyelets 10, 11, 12, 13 are formed so that they correspond to the common standard dimensions and shapes of today's heddle rails 2, 3. An adaptation to new forms of Litzentragschienen 2, 3 is readily possible. The end eyelets 10, 11, 12, 13 in pairs form a device 14 or 15 for supporting the bands 5, 6 on the heddle rails 2, 3 with moderate play in the longitudinal direction 7. In this embodiment, the means 14, 15 in the form of End eyelets 10 to 13 integral part of the bands 5, 6. However, it is also possible to use as end eyelets or other fasteners on the heald bars 2, 3 to be fastened body made of metal or plastic with the bands 5, 6 to connect.

In a preferred simple embodiment, the bands 5, 6 are made of thin steel strip. However, they may alternatively be made of plastic, for example a fiber-reinforced plastic. This applies to both the embodiment according to FIG. 1 as well as for all other embodiments described below.

How out FIG. 1 can be seen, two thread support elements 16, 17 are held between the bands 5, 6, which define between each other a flat, rectangular in cross-section passage, which forms the thread eye 18 of the heald 1. The distance between the bands 5, 6 from each other is preferably significantly greater than the distance between the thread support elements 16, 17 from each other. This distance between the bands 5, 6 forms the long edge of the rectangular cross section of the thread eye 18. The long edge of the thread eye 18 is arranged substantially parallel to the longitudinal direction of the heddle support rail 2, 3, ie the thread support elements 16, 17 extend substantially parallel to the Litzentragschienen 2, 3. To the longitudinal direction 7 of the bands 5, 6 is the thread eye oriented transversely. The Fadenaugöffnung is set in the direction of Kettfadenverlaufs 4. It is arranged in the direction of the Endösenaussparung, which is parallel to the Litzentragschiene 2, 3, ideally at 90 degrees angle. Application-related deviations from this preferred orientation are possible.

The thread support elements 16, 17 are preferably cylindrical. Their diameter, as illustrated, may be slightly less than the width of the bands 5, 6. Alternatively, the diameter of the thread support elements 16, 17 may also coincide with or slightly exceed the width of the bands 5, 6. The thread support elements 16, 17 are made of hardened steel, for example, which is sufficient for many applications. For special requirements, for example in terms of abrasion or wear resistance, the thread support elements 16, 17 also made of hard metal or ceramic. Furthermore, they may consist of a metallic carrier body with a ceramic coating, a ceramic insert or a cemented carbide insert. These coatings and inserts then extend over the entire length of the thread support element 16, 17, ie preferably from one band 5 to the other band 6. The two thread support elements 16, 17 may be the same or different and both in terms of their material and in terms of their shape. The thread support elements 16, 17 may further consist of plastic, for example a plastic that generates only a small amount of friction with the warp thread 4 to be guided. Also, the thread support members 16, 17 may be made of another material such as a metal and provided with a plastic coating or an example wear hollow cylindrical plastic element. The thread support surfaces of the thread support elements 16, 17 are preferably oriented at right angles to the bands 5, 6 and are straight in the direction perpendicular to the bands 5, 6.

The thread support elements 16, 17 are preferably insoluble and firmly connected to the bands 5, 6. For this purpose, they can be materially connected with their end faces, for example, with the bands 5, 6. Depending on the choice of material, they can be glued, welded or soldered to the bands 5, 6. Also, alternatively or additionally, a positive connection between the thread support elements 16, 17 and the bands 5, 6 is possible. For example, rivets can be formed on the thread support elements 16, 17, which extend through openings in the bands 5, 6 and form a rivet head on the outside. In addition, the thread support elements 16, 17 may be hollow, with a rivet extending through them and the bands 5, 6 and the bands 5, 6 on the thread support elements 16, 17 holds. The thread support surfaces defined by the thread support elements 16, 17 and following a cylinder (circular cylinder or other cylinder) thus extend completely from band 5 to band 6, with no open gap remaining between the bands 5, 6 and the thread support elements 16, 17. The thread support elements 16, 17 connect without gaps to the bands 5, 6.

The heald 1 may additionally be provided with spacers 19, 20, which are preferably arranged in the vicinity of the end eyelets 10 to 13. The spacers are formed for example by plastic pins, for example of a thermoplastic material, which are provided with pins 21, 22 ( FIG. 5 ), which pass through appropriate openings extend in the bands 5, 6 and are fused to the outer flat side to form a mechanical fastening in the manner of a rivet head. The spacers may also be in the form of plates, bars or cuboids.

The heddle 1 described so far can be used on a loom with a conventional shaft. For this purpose, corresponding healds 1 according to FIG. 1 side by side on the Litzentragschienen 2, 3 lined up and fed the band-shaped warp threads 4. In this case, both warp threads 4 by healds 1, ie their thread eyes 18, run as well as between adjacent healds. The weaving process is then performed by the shaft is moved with the healds 1 in the working cycle of the weaving machine up and down and registered weft threads in a known manner.

The heald according to the invention 1 allows the leadership of the warp threads 4, without compressing them laterally, wherein adjacent warp threads can be due to the small thickness of the bands 5, 6 very close to each other.

FIG. 2 illustrates a modified embodiment 1a of a heald on the basis of the already introduced reference numerals. Reference is made to the above description, which applies accordingly.

In addition, it should be noted that the heald 1a can have additional spacers. For example, spacers 23, 24 are arranged at the free ends of the bands 5, 6 above the upper heddle support rail 2 or below the lower heddle support rail 3. The spacers 19, 20 may additionally be present or omitted. The spacers 19, 20, 23, 24 may, as illustrated, be formed in the manner of cylindrical pins or otherwise formed. Preferably, they are made of plastic.

FIG. 3 illustrates another embodiment of the invention in the form of a heddle 1b, which differs from the healds described above 1, 1a by the thread support elements 16, 17. Otherwise, the above description of the applies FIG. 1 or FIG. 2 corresponding. The thread support elements 16, 17 consist here in each case of a carrier body 25, 26 with a yarn guide element 27, 28 carried by the latter. The carrier body 25, 26 may, for example, be cubic in the form of a plastic body. The thread guide elements 27, 28 may be, for example, cylinders, strips, U-profiles or the like, which are held by the carrier body 25, 26. They can be connected to the carrier body 25, 26 cohesively, positively or mixed material and form-fitting manner. The carrier body 25, 26 are connected to the bands 5, 6 material or form-fitting, for example glued, welded or soldered. In addition, the yarn guide elements 27, 28 can be integrally connected to the belts 5, 6 in order to prevent any gap formation between the yarn support surface of the respective yarn guide element 27, 28 and the belts 5, 6.

The embodiment according to FIG. 3 is particularly interesting in applications where it depends on the lowest mass. The carrier body 25, 26 may be formed of plastic with very low weight, while the yarn guide elements 27, 28 contribute little to the weight due to their filigree training.

FIG. 4 illustrates another embodiment of the invention in the form of a heald 1c. Unless otherwise stated in the following description of the same, the descriptions apply to the FIGS. 1 . 2 and 3 corresponding. This applies in particular also with regard to the thread support elements 16, 17, which may have any of the aforementioned shapes.

The bands 5, 6 extend at least slightly above the thread support elements 16, 17 upwards and downwards. This can be symmetrical or, as in FIG. 4 illustrates asymmetrically the case. To the bands 5, 6 can then connect the device 14 or 15 for attachment and storage of heald 1c to the Litzentragschienen, of which only the Litzentragschiene 2 is illustrated. The device 14 consists for example of a metal strip which extends as a band 29 from the bands 5, 6 to the heald support rail 2. The band 29 can, as shown, be completely flat or, if necessary, also provided with ribs, beads or the like extending in the longitudinal direction 7. In the present embodiment, the band 29 is at right angles to the bands 5, 6 and is connected thereto by welds 30, 31. However, it is also possible, the bands 5, 6, 29 integrally formed with each other, for example in the form of a stamped and bent part. The bands 5, 6 may, as mentioned, extend only slightly beyond the thread eye 18 or even up to the heddle support rails 2, 3 zoom. For fixing the band 29 to the heddle support rail 2, this can at its upper end 32nd U-shaped bent to overlap the heddle support rail 2. In addition, at the end of a tongue 33 may be punched, which engages over the Litzentragschiene 2 from below and thereby provides support. Instead of the tongue 33, a corresponding sheet metal tab may also be welded to the band 29. The weld seam then preferably runs transversely to the longitudinal direction 7.

In a corresponding manner, below the thread eye 18 another, the bands 5, 6 interconnecting band 34 may be provided which connects via welds 35, 36 or integrally connected to the bands 5, 6. The bands 29, 34 can also be inserted between the bands 5, 6 e.g. be used centrally.

In the described embodiments according to FIG. 1 to FIG. 4 the thread support elements 16, 17 arranged symmetrically in a double sense, namely both centered on imaginary center lines of the bands 5, 6 as well as symmetrical to a running through the thread eye 18 horizontal plane. FIG. 6 illustrates a different embodiment, in which the thread support elements 16, 17 are held on the bands 5, 6 off-center. They are for example used in corresponding semicircular cutouts of the bands 5, 6 and welded there with the bands. The thread support elements 16, 17 are formed for example by steel pins. Although the arrangement is still symmetrical to a horizontal plane passing through the thread eye 18, but asymmetrical with respect to a vertical plane.

FIG. 7 illustrates a further modified embodiment, which is characterized in that the lower thread support element 17 by two preferably spaced thread support elements 17a, 17b is formed. These are, as in the embodiment according to FIG. 6 , attached to edges of the bands 5, 6, wherein they can be arranged on mutually opposite edges. The thread support element 16 is formed as a cylindrical pin and the front side centrally connected to the bands 5, 6. If necessary, it can also be arranged off-center or replaced by two or more individual elements.

The heald according to the invention, especially for ribbon-like warp threads, consists of two bands 5, 6 extending vertically in use, which are arranged at a distance parallel to one another and hold at least two thread support elements 16, 17 between them. The thread support elements 16, 17 together with corresponding between them existing flat portions of the bands 5, 6 a flat, transverse to the warp and the longitudinal direction 7 of the strand oriented thread eye 18. The bands 5, 6 preferably extend with undiminished width to the Litzentragschienen 2, 3, wherein they have for storage on these end loops 10, 11, 12, 13.

LIST OF REFERENCE NUMBERS

1, 1a, 1b, 1c, 1d

heald

2, 3

heald

4

warp

5, 6

bands

7

longitudinal direction

8, 9

edge

10, 11, 12, 13

end loops

14, 15

facilities

16, 17

Thread support elements

18

thread eye

19, 20

spacer

21, 22

spigot

23, 24

spacer

25, 26

support body

27, 28

yarn guide

29

tape

30, 31

Weld

32

The End

33

tongue

34

tape

35, 36

welds

H

horizontal

L

longitudinal direction

Claims (14)

1. Heald (1) for band-like warp threads,
   with two bands (5, 6), which are made from a flat material and extend in a longitudinal direction (7) and which are each provided on at least one end with a means (14, 15) for mounting a heald slide bar (2, 3),
   with two thread support elements (16, 17), which are held between the bands (5, 6), define a thread eyelet (18) between each other and are connected to the bands (5, 6) at their faces or are placed on the edges of the bands (5, 6),
   wherein the bands (5, 6) are plane and are arranged with their faces parallel to one another, and
   wherein at least one spacer (19, 20) is provided between the bands (5, 6).
2. Heald according to claim 1, characterised in that the bands (5, 6) are configured congruently to one another.
3. Heald according to claim 1, characterised in that the bands (5, 6) are made from a metal.
4. Heald according to claim 1, characterised in that the bands (5, 6) are made from a synthetic fibre composite material.
5. Heald according to claim 1, characterised in that the spacer (19, 20) is made from a different material from the bands (5, 6).
6. Heald according to claim 1, characterised in that the spacer (19, 20) is made from a plastic.
7. Heald according to claim 1, characterised in that the means (14, 15) for mounting the heald (1) on the heald slide bar (2, 3) is an end eyelet (10, 11, 12, 13), which is configured directly on one end of each band (5, 6).
8. Heald according to claim 1, characterised in that the thread support elements (16, 17) are configured as pins, which are held at the ends on the bands (5, 6).
9. Heald according to claim 1, characterised in that the thread support elements (16, 17) have a thread support face, which extends in a straight line from band to band.
10. Heald according to claim 1, characterised in that the thread support elements (16, 17) are made from hardened steel, hard metal or ceramic.
11. Heald according to claim 1, characterised in that the thread support elements (16, 17) are immovably held on the bands (5, 6).
12. Heald according to claim 1, characterised in that the thread support elements (16, 17) are connected to the bands (5, 6) over the full surface at their faces.
13. Heald according to claim 1, characterised in that the direction of the thread eyelet (18) is arranged transversely to the longitudinal direction of the heald slide bar (2, 3).
14. Heald according to claim 1, characterised in that the direction of the thread eyelet (18) is arranged at a 90 degree angle to the heald slide bar (2, 3).

Images