EP1789790B1 - Verfahren und vorrichtung zur detektion der aussetzung gefährlicher substanzen - Google Patents

Verfahren und vorrichtung zur detektion der aussetzung gefährlicher substanzen Download PDF

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Publication number
EP1789790B1
EP1789790B1 EP05858419.4A EP05858419A EP1789790B1 EP 1789790 B1 EP1789790 B1 EP 1789790B1 EP 05858419 A EP05858419 A EP 05858419A EP 1789790 B1 EP1789790 B1 EP 1789790B1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
colorimetric
hazardous substance
detection apparatus
cassette
coating
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Not-in-force
Application number
EP05858419.4A
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English (en)
French (fr)
Other versions
EP1789790A4 (de
EP1789790A2 (de
Inventor
Edward P. Locke
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Morphix Technologies Inc
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Morphix Technologies Inc
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Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Morphix Technologies Inc filed Critical Morphix Technologies Inc
Publication of EP1789790A2 publication Critical patent/EP1789790A2/de
Publication of EP1789790A4 publication Critical patent/EP1789790A4/de
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Publication of EP1789790B1 publication Critical patent/EP1789790B1/de
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    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
    • G01N33/00—Investigating or analysing materials by specific methods not covered by groups G01N1/00 - G01N31/00
    • G01N33/48—Biological material, e.g. blood, urine; Haemocytometers
    • G01N33/50—Chemical analysis of biological material, e.g. blood, urine; Testing involving biospecific ligand binding methods; Immunological testing
    • G01N33/52—Use of compounds or compositions for colorimetric, spectrophotometric or fluorometric investigation, e.g. use of reagent paper and including single- and multilayer analytical elements
    • G01N33/528—Atypical element structures, e.g. gloves, rods, tampons, toilet paper
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01L—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL LABORATORY APPARATUS FOR GENERAL USE
    • B01L9/00—Supporting devices; Holding devices
    • B01L9/52—Supports specially adapted for flat sample carriers, e.g. for plates, slides, chips
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01L—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL LABORATORY APPARATUS FOR GENERAL USE
    • B01L2300/00—Additional constructional details
    • B01L2300/08—Geometry, shape and general structure
    • B01L2300/0809—Geometry, shape and general structure rectangular shaped
    • B01L2300/0825—Test strips
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01L—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL LABORATORY APPARATUS FOR GENERAL USE
    • B01L3/00—Containers or dishes for laboratory use, e.g. laboratory glassware; Droppers
    • B01L3/50—Containers for the purpose of retaining a material to be analysed, e.g. test tubes
    • B01L3/508—Containers for the purpose of retaining a material to be analysed, e.g. test tubes rigid containers not provided for above

Definitions

  • This invention relates generally to detecting exposure to hazardous substances and, more particularly, to methods and apparatus for detecting exposure to hazardous substances.
  • detection devices may include, but are not limited to, colorimetric badges, colorimetric tubes and electrochemical monitors.
  • detection devices are typically limited to detecting only one type of chemical, a single family of chemicals, or are non-specific as to the chemicals they do detect. For example, if an individual wants to detect five different chemicals using colorimetric tube technology, five different colorimetric tubes would be required.
  • At least some of these known detection devices are unable to withstand a wide range of environmental conditions, including water immersion.
  • at least some known colorimetric badges may malfunction if immersed in water, because the sensor material can become mechanically compromised or a component of the sensor can dissolve when exposed to water.
  • a chemical detection device that could be worn by a user for detecting a plurality of hazardous or potentially hazardous substances could enable the user to take certain safety precautions to better protect the user's well being. Moreover, if a user is exposed to a hazardous substance and the user becomes ill, such a detection device may facilitate any medical treatment the user may receive, and consequently, may improve the user's chances of recovery. Furthermore, a chemical detection device capable of withstanding a plurality of environmental conditions would increase the number of potential users or the number of potential situations in which the device could be used.
  • US publication 4913881 teaches a dosimeter wherein substances that are to be detected are arranged to colour a chemical sensor layer.
  • US publication 4946705 teaches a device for measuring gaseous substances and a method of manufacturing such devices.
  • US publication 4205043 teaches a badge that detects dangerous gases.
  • US publication 6284198 teaches a self-appearing warning sign device that causes a colour change in the presence of a specified polluting gas.
  • US publication 4772560 discloses a disposable laminated colorimetric gas monitoring wafer that senses and monitors exposures to a selected gas.
  • US publication 4900936 teaches a dosimeter that detects noxious substances.
  • the invention relates to a field configurable hazardous substance detection apparatus comprising: a body comprising a plurality of openings; and a plurality of removable cassettes received in said body, each said cassette positioned in one of said openings and comprising at least a colorimetric sensor configured to detect the presence of a predetermined hazardous substance; said colorimetric sensor configured to change color upon detection of a predetermined hazardous substance, said colorimetric sensor comprising: a colorimetric coating deposited onto at least one surface of a base layer, said base layer comprising a hydrophobic film; and at least one hydrophobic membrane positioned adjacent said colorimetric coating, said at least one hydrophobic membrane configured to control an amount of gas permitted to penetrate said membrane and contact said colorimetric coating, said at least one hydrophobic membrane sealingly attached to at least one of said colorimetric coating and said hydrophobic film to prevent water infiltration.
  • the invention in another aspect, relates to a method for detecting a hazardous substance using a field configurable hazardous substance detection apparatus, said method comprising: positioning a field configurable hazardous substance detection apparatus in an area of interest; configuring the detection apparatus to detect at least one predetermined hazardous substance; and monitoring the detection apparatus to determine if a hazardous substance has been detected by the detection apparatus;
  • the detection apparatus comprising: a body comprising a plurality of openings; and a plurality of cassettes removably received in said body, each said cassette positioned in one of said openings and comprising at least a colorimetric sensor configured to detect the presence of a predetermined hazardous substance; said colorimetric sensor configured to change color upon detection of a predetermined hazardous substance, said colorimetric sensor comprising: a colorimetric coating deposited onto at least one surface of a base layer, said base layer comprising a hydrophobic film; and at least one hydrophobic membrane positioned adjacent said colorimetric coating, said at least one hydrophobic membrane configured to control an amount of gas permitted to penetrate said
  • the apparatus referred to herein as the chemical detection device, utilizes a reusable body, in which more than one cassette can be inserted.
  • Each cassette detects the presence or absence of a particular hazard, such as a toxic industrial chemical, a chemical warfare agent, a biological threat, or radiation by changing color when exposed to the hazard.
  • a particular hazard such as a toxic industrial chemical, a chemical warfare agent, a biological threat, or radiation by changing color when exposed to the hazard.
  • Each cassette can be inserted into, and removed from, the reusable body by the user, thus, enabling the device to be easily configured for the specific needs of a user.
  • phosgene chlorine and hydrogen sulfide
  • the user inserts a cassette adapted to detect each of these chemicals into the reusable body. If at a later time, that same individual is concerned only with carbon monoxide, then the user can reconfigure the device by inserting a carbon monoxide cassette into the body.
  • FIG. 1 is a perspective view of an example embodiment of a chemical detection device 10 arranged in a four-cassette configuration.
  • Chemical detection device 10 includes a body 12 having a plurality of openings 14, and a strap 16.
  • body 12 is reusable and strap 16 is adjustable.
  • any suitable attachment mechanism can be used in place of strap 16, for example, clips, fasteners, ties, and the like.
  • Each opening 14 is sized to receive a cassette 18 therein.
  • Each cassette 18 detects the presence or absence of a particular hazard, such as a toxic industrial chemical, a chemical warfare agent, a biological threat or radiation by changing color in the presence of the hazard.
  • Cassette 18 can be inserted into, and/or removed, from body 12 by a user, thereby enabling the device to be easily configured for the specific needs of the individual.
  • FIG 2 is a perspective view of another embodiment of a chemical detection device 50.
  • Chemical detection device 50 is arranged in a ten-cassette configuration.
  • Chemical detection device 50 includes a body 52 having a plurality of openings 54, and at least one strap 56.
  • body 52 is reusable and strap 56 is adjustable.
  • Each opening 54 is sized to receive a cassette 58 therein.
  • Each cassette 58 detects the presence or absence of a particular hazard, such as a toxic industrial chemical, a chemical warfare agent, a biological threat or radiation by changing color when exposed to the hazard.
  • Each cassette can be inserted into and removed from body 52 by a user, thereby enabling the device to be easily configured for the specific needs of the individual.
  • Figure 6 is a perspective view of chemical detection device 50 coupled to an arm 150 of a user.
  • FIG 3 is a perspective view of two cassettes 100 used with chemical detection device 10 (shown in Figure 1 ).
  • Cassettes 100 include a first cassette 102 and a second cassette 104.
  • cassette 102 illustrates how a cassette may appear before being subjected to a chemical exposure.
  • cassette 104 illustrates how a cassette may appear after being exposed to a chemical exposure. More specifically, in the example embodiment, cassette 104 indicates exposure to a chemical hazard by showing a color change 106 within a portion of window 108.
  • FIG 4 illustrates one embodiment of a cassette 120 from chemical detection device 10 (shown in Fig. 1 ).
  • Cassette 120 includes a top frame 122, a bottom frame 124, and a colorimetric sensor 126 positioned between top frame 122 and bottom frame 124.
  • colorimetric sensor 126 includes a base layer 140 fabricated from a hydrophobic film, a colorimetric coating 142 covering the hydrophobic film, and at least one hydrophobic membrane 144 which controls the amount of target gas which penetrates to colorimetric coating 142.
  • Top frame 122 includes an opening 130
  • bottom frame 124 includes an opening 132.
  • top frame 122 and bottom frame 124 are sealed on the outside by ultrasonically welding the top and bottom frames 122 and 124 together near the outer edge of cassette 120.
  • a seal around openings 130 and 132 is created through a tongue in groove configuration, either with or without a gasket.
  • cassette 120 includes one hydrophobic membrane 144, or a plurality of similar or different hydrophobic membranes 144, to precisely control the amount of target gas which penetrates to colorimetric coating 142.
  • hydrophobic membrane 144 is configured so that macroscopic water is not permitted to contact colorimetric coating 142.
  • hydrophobic membrane 144 is configured so that a predetermined controlled amount of water or water vapor is permitted to contact colorimetric coating 142.
  • One exemplary method of applying a hydrophobic membrane to colorimetric coating 142 is through solvent welding.
  • chemical detection device 10 (shown in Figure 1 ) including cassettes 100 (shown in Figure 3 ) is substantially waterproof.
  • device 10 is substantially waterproof against exposure to the environment such as rain, or immersion in water at slightly over 1 atmosphere.
  • device 10 is substantially waterproof against immersion in water at about 1 atmosphere or higher.
  • Chemical detection device 10 is configured to be substantially waterproof using one or more of the following features: (1) colorimetric material 142 is coated on a thin hydrophobic film 140, (2) colorimetric coating 142 is formulated so that it has little or no impact from immersion in water, (3) colorimetric coating 142 is covered with a hydrophobic membrane 144 that permits a controlled amount of target gases to penetrate, but does not permit macroscopic water to penetrate, (4) hydrophobic membrane 144 is sealingly attached to colormetric coating 142 and/or hydrophobic film 140 to prevent water infiltration, and (5) cassette 100 includes a seal around any area of potential water infiltration.
  • FIG. 7 illustrates another embodiment of a cassette 150 from chemical detection device 10 (shown in Fig. 1 ).
  • Cassette 150 includes a top frame 152, a bottom frame 154, and a collection medium 156 positioned between top frame 152 and bottom frame 154.
  • collection medium 156 is configured to collect hazardous substances. The collected hazardous substances can then be analyzed in a laboratory.
  • Collection medium 156 can be any suitable solid sorbent, for example a cloth material impregnated with a polymer, zeolites, carbon, and polymer matrices that react with the hazardous material to collect the material.
  • the solid sorbent material can function by adsorption or absorption.
  • Top frame 152 includes an opening 160
  • bottom frame 154 includes an opening 162.
  • top frame 152 and bottom frame 154 are sealed on the outside by ultrasonically welding the top and bottom frames 152 and 524 together near the outer edge of cassette 150.
  • a seal around openings 150 and 152 is created through a tongue in groove configuration, either with or without a gasket.
  • the chemical detection device which may be worn by a user (see Figure 6 ), is configured to detect a plurality of hazardous or potentially hazardous substances.
  • the chemical detection device can also be attached to an unmanned manipulator, for example, an unmanned vehicle, a robot arm, and the like, to position the detection device in an area of interest.
  • the chemical detection device can be attached directly to a surface of a structure, for example a wall, a door, or a ceiling.
  • the chemical detection device enables the user to take certain safety precautions to better protect the user's well being.
  • the chemical detection device may facilitate any medical treatment the user may receive, and consequently, may improve the user's chances of recovery.
  • the chemical detection device is waterproof and is configured to withstand a plurality of environmental conditions.

Claims (7)

  1. Vorrichtung zur Detektion gefährlicher Substanzen, die im Feld konfigurierbar ist, umfassend:
    Einen Körper, der eine Vielzahl von Öffnungen umfasst; und
    eine Vielzahl entfernbarer Kassetten, die im Körper aufgenommen sind, wobei jede Kassette in einer der Öffnungen positioniert ist und wenigstens einen farbmetrischen Sensor umfasst, der konfiguriert ist, die Anwesenheit einer vorgegebenen gefährlichen Substanz zu detektieren;
    wobei der farbmetrische Sensor konfiguriert ist, bei Detektion einer vorgegebenen gefährlichen Substanz die Farbe zu ändern, wobei der farbmetrische Sensor umfasst:
    Eine farbmetrische Beschichtung, die auf wenigstens eine Oberfläche einer Grundschicht aufgebracht ist, wobei die Grundschicht einen hydrophoben Film umfasst; und
    wenigstens eine hydrophobe Membran, die angrenzend an die farbmetrische Beschichtung positioniert ist, wobei die wenigstens eine hydrophobe Membran konfiguriert ist, eine Gasmenge zu steuern, welche die Membran durchdringen und die farbmetrische Beschichtung kontaktieren darf, die wenigstens eine hydrophobe Membran dichtend, an wenigstens die farbmetrische Beschichtung und/oder den hydrophoben Film angebracht ist, um Wasserinfiltration zu verhindern.
  2. Vorrichtung in Übereinstimmung mit Anspruch 1, die ferner zumindest einen an den Körper gekoppelten Befestigungsmechanismus umfasst.
  3. Vorrichtung in Übereinstimmung mit Anspruch 1, wobei die hydrophobe Membran konfiguriert ist, sodass makroskopisches Wasser nicht in Kontakt mit der farbmetrischen Beschichtung kommen darf oder, sodass eine vorgegebene gesteuerte Menge von Wasser oder Wasserdampf die farbmetrische Beschichtung kontaktieren darf.
  4. Vorrichtung in Übereinstimmung mit Anspruch 3, wobei jede Kassette einen Rahmen umfasst, wobei der farbmetrische Sensor im Rahmen positioniert ist.
  5. Verfahren zur Detektion einer gefährlichen Substanz unter Verwendung einer im Feld konfigurierbaren Detektionsvorrichtung für gefährliche Substanzen, wobei das Verfahren umfasst:
    Positionieren einer im Feld konfigurierbaren Detektionsvorrichtung für gefährliche Substanzen in einem Bereich von Interesse;
    Konfigurieren der Detektionsvorrichtung, um wenigstens eine vorgegebene gefährliche Substanz zu detektieren; und
    Überwachen der Detektionsvorrichtung, um zu ermitteln, wenn eine gefährliche Substanz von der Detektionsvorrichtung detektiert worden ist;
    wobei die Detektionsvorrichtung umfasst:
    Einen Körper, der eine Vielzahl von Öffnungen umfasst; und
    eine Vielzahl entfernbar im Körper aufgenommener Kassetten, wobei jede Kassette in einer der Öffnungen positioniert ist und wenigstens einen farbmetrischen Sensor umfasst, der konfiguriert ist, die Anwesenheit einer vorgegebenen gefährlichen Substanz zu detektieren;
    wobei der farbmetrische Sensor konfiguriert ist, bei Detektion einer vorgegebenen gefährlichen Substanz die Farbe zu ändern, wobei der farbmetrische Sensor umfasst:
    Eine farbmetrische Beschichtung, die auf wenigstens einer Oberfläche einer Grundfläche aufgebracht ist, wobei die Grundschicht einen hydrophoben Film umfasst; und
    wenigstens eine hydrophobe Membran, die angrenzend an die farbmetrische Beschichtung positioniert ist, wobei die wenigstens eine hydrophobe Membran konfiguriert ist, eine Gasmenge zu steuern, welche die Membran durchdringen und die farbmetrische Beschichtung kontaktieren darf, die wenigstens eine hydrophobe Membran dichtend, an wenigstens die farbmetrische Beschichtung und/oder den hydrophoben Film angebracht ist, um Wasserinfiltration zu verhindern.
  6. Verfahren in Übereinstimmung mit Anspruch 5, wobei das Konfigurieren der Detektionsvorrichtung zur Detektion wenigstens einer vorgegebenen gefährlichen Substanz das Einfügen wenigstens einer Kassette in den Körper für jede vorgegebene gefährliche Substanz umfasst, an deren Detektion der Benutzer interessiert ist.
  7. Verfahren in Übereinstimmung mit Anspruch 5, wobei das Positionieren einer im Feld konfigurierbaren Detektionsvorrichtung für gefährliche Substanzen in einen Bereich von Interesse das Anbringen der im Feld konfigurierbaren Detektionsvorrichtung für gefährliche Substanzen an einen Benutzer, an einen ferngesteuerten Vorrichtungsmanipulator oder an eine Oberfläche einer Struktur umfasst.
EP05858419.4A 2004-09-22 2005-09-15 Verfahren und vorrichtung zur detektion der aussetzung gefährlicher substanzen Not-in-force EP1789790B1 (de)

Applications Claiming Priority (3)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
US61197704P 2004-09-22 2004-09-22
US11/226,538 US8043861B2 (en) 2004-09-22 2005-09-14 Methods and apparatus for detecting exposure to hazardous substances
PCT/US2005/033088 WO2007008236A2 (en) 2004-09-22 2005-09-15 Methods and apparatus for detecting exposure to hazardous substances

Publications (3)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP1789790A2 EP1789790A2 (de) 2007-05-30
EP1789790A4 EP1789790A4 (de) 2009-04-01
EP1789790B1 true EP1789790B1 (de) 2014-12-10

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US (1) US8043861B2 (de)
EP (1) EP1789790B1 (de)
JP (1) JP4958783B2 (de)
IL (1) IL179543A (de)
WO (1) WO2007008236A2 (de)

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Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
EP1789790A4 (de) 2009-04-01
WO2007008236A2 (en) 2007-01-18
IL179543A0 (en) 2011-08-01
IL179543A (en) 2014-06-30
US20070238192A1 (en) 2007-10-11
WO2007008236A3 (en) 2007-11-29
EP1789790A2 (de) 2007-05-30
JP2008513783A (ja) 2008-05-01
JP4958783B2 (ja) 2012-06-20
US8043861B2 (en) 2011-10-25

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