EP1785669A1 - Verfahren zur Steuerung der Zufuhr von Brennmaterial in einen Verbrennungsofen - Google Patents

Verfahren zur Steuerung der Zufuhr von Brennmaterial in einen Verbrennungsofen Download PDF

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Publication number
EP1785669A1
EP1785669A1 EP05024358A EP05024358A EP1785669A1 EP 1785669 A1 EP1785669 A1 EP 1785669A1 EP 05024358 A EP05024358 A EP 05024358A EP 05024358 A EP05024358 A EP 05024358A EP 1785669 A1 EP1785669 A1 EP 1785669A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
fuel
parameter
heat output
volume flow
fluidized bed
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Withdrawn
Application number
EP05024358A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
Helge Möhrmann
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Doosan Lentjes GmbH
Original Assignee
Lentjes GmbH
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Lentjes GmbH filed Critical Lentjes GmbH
Priority to EP05024358A priority Critical patent/EP1785669A1/de
Priority to CNA2006101398346A priority patent/CN1963302A/zh
Publication of EP1785669A1 publication Critical patent/EP1785669A1/de
Withdrawn legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23G—CREMATION FURNACES; CONSUMING WASTE PRODUCTS BY COMBUSTION
    • F23G5/00—Incineration of waste; Incinerator constructions; Details, accessories or control therefor
    • F23G5/50—Control or safety arrangements
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23G—CREMATION FURNACES; CONSUMING WASTE PRODUCTS BY COMBUSTION
    • F23G5/00—Incineration of waste; Incinerator constructions; Details, accessories or control therefor
    • F23G5/30—Incineration of waste; Incinerator constructions; Details, accessories or control therefor having a fluidised bed
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23G—CREMATION FURNACES; CONSUMING WASTE PRODUCTS BY COMBUSTION
    • F23G2203/00—Furnace arrangements
    • F23G2203/50—Fluidised bed furnace
    • F23G2203/502—Fluidised bed furnace with recirculation of bed material inside combustion chamber
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23G—CREMATION FURNACES; CONSUMING WASTE PRODUCTS BY COMBUSTION
    • F23G2207/00—Control
    • F23G2207/10—Arrangement of sensing devices
    • F23G2207/101—Arrangement of sensing devices for temperature
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23G—CREMATION FURNACES; CONSUMING WASTE PRODUCTS BY COMBUSTION
    • F23G2207/00—Control
    • F23G2207/10—Arrangement of sensing devices
    • F23G2207/102—Arrangement of sensing devices for pressure
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23G—CREMATION FURNACES; CONSUMING WASTE PRODUCTS BY COMBUSTION
    • F23G2207/00—Control
    • F23G2207/10—Arrangement of sensing devices
    • F23G2207/103—Arrangement of sensing devices for oxygen
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23G—CREMATION FURNACES; CONSUMING WASTE PRODUCTS BY COMBUSTION
    • F23G2207/00—Control
    • F23G2207/10—Arrangement of sensing devices
    • F23G2207/113—Arrangement of sensing devices for oxidant supply flowrate
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23G—CREMATION FURNACES; CONSUMING WASTE PRODUCTS BY COMBUSTION
    • F23G2207/00—Control
    • F23G2207/20—Waste supply

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a method for controlling the supply of fuel to a combustion furnace, wherein the combustion furnace is preferably a fluidized bed furnace.
  • Incinerators of the aforementioned type are used for example for waste or sewage sludge incineration.
  • flue gas is produced which is passed through a waste heat boiler to utilize the thermal energy contained in the flue gas.
  • the waste heat ie in the steam boiler, the flue gas is cooled, whereby superheated steam is generated in the waste heat boiler.
  • Part of the steam is often used for the plant's own consumption, but the main amount of steam is fed into a steam network of a power plant.
  • the heat output of the incinerator must be increased if the actual value of Steam flow is less than the predetermined setpoint. If, on the other hand, the measured value of the steam volume flow is greater than the desired value, then the heat output of the incinerator must be correspondingly reduced. If the measured value of the steam volume flow and the predetermined desired value correspond to one another, then the heat output of the incinerator is to be kept constant.
  • a change in the heat output of a combustion furnace is effected by the regulation of a parameter influencing the heat output.
  • the fuel volume flow can be used as a control parameter, which is supplied to the combustion furnace, for example via burners in the form of a support fuel.
  • the backup fuel is normally used only to fire the incinerator. Of course, it can also be used to support the heat output.
  • the combustion furnace supplied fuel volume flow can serve as a control parameter and the combustion furnace supplied fuel volume flow. The more fuel per unit time in the form of waste, sewage sludge or the like is introduced into the combustion furnace, the higher the heat output of the incinerator.
  • This object is achieved according to the present invention by a method for controlling the supply of fuel into a combustion furnace via at least one driven feed mechanism according to claim 1 and by a corresponding apparatus for performing such a method according to claim 10 degrees.
  • At least one parameter relating to the combustion process is detected and compared with a previously defined desired value.
  • the parameter is preferably the pressure in the combustion furnace, the temperature in the combustion furnace, the O 2 content in the combustion furnace, the volume flow of the secondary air and / or the Recirculation gas or a combination of any or all of these parameters. If the detected pressure is greater, the temperature higher, the O 2 content less or the volume flow of the secondary air and / or the recirculation gas greater than the corresponding setpoint, this is an indication that the combustion taking place in the incinerator is excessively high. Accordingly, at a time when the at least one detected parameter either exceeds or falls short of its set point as described above, it makes little sense to supply much fuel to the combustion furnace. For this reason, the controller according to the invention starts here and automatically throttles the fuel supply. For this purpose, for example, the speed of the motor of the feeder is reduced, whereupon the registered in the combustion furnace fuel flow decreases accordingly.
  • the throttling of the fuel supply can be done gradually, so that, for example, gradually less fuel is introduced into the combustion furnace until a predetermined minimum fuel volume flow is reached.
  • the throttling can also take place directly on a predetermined fuel volume flow.
  • the throttling takes place over a predetermined period of time, for example 30 seconds. After this predetermined period of time, the throttling is canceled again, so that the fuel supply again runs in normal operation.
  • the throttling can only be canceled again when the setpoint of the detected parameter is reached again, whereupon the fuel supply returns to its normal operation.
  • the present invention relates to an apparatus for carrying out the control method described above.
  • the device has corresponding sensors to detect the value or values of those parameters which are used for the proper performance of the control method according to the invention.
  • a pyrometer is preferably used, since pyrometers operate quasi wear-free and allow the implementation of very fast measurements.
  • the drawing shows schematically a waste combustion furnace in the form of a conventional fluidized bed furnace 10 with stationary fluidized bed, which is equipped with a device according to the invention for controlling the fuel supply to the fluidized bed furnace 10.
  • the waste for the combustion of the supplied via a driven feeder 11 waste and required for fluidizing the fluidized bed primary air 15 is preheated in an air preheater, not shown, and passes through the nozzle bottom 14 in the fluidized bed furnace 10, which is shown by the arrow 15.
  • start-up of the fluidized bed furnace 10 is heated by not shown starting torch, which are operated with support fuel, such as oil or natural gas, as well as the heated primary air to operating temperature.
  • the starting burners are also used to heat the fluidized bed furnace 10 in the so-called holding operation or can be used to compensate for short-term heat output fluctuations.
  • secondary air is supplied via secondary air lines 16 to ensure the burnout of the flue gas generated by the combustion of the waste at an O 2 content of preferably more than 6% in a so-called afterburning zone 18.
  • the flue gas leaves the fluidized bed furnace 10 via a flue gas duct 20 and is passed to the waste heat boiler, where the thermal energy contained in the flue gas is used to produce superheated steam.
  • the resulting steam generation in steam generation is proportional to the heat output generated in the fluidized bed furnace 10.
  • the heat output of the fluidized bed furnace 10 is controlled in the present case in normal operation using a conventional heat output control of the type described above.
  • the steam volume flow generated in the waste heat utilization is detected by means of suitable sensors and compared with a predetermined desired value. Based on the comparison result, the fuel volume flow is then adjusted by selectively increasing or decreasing the rotational speed of the motor of the feeder 11.
  • the heat output of the fluidized bed furnace 10 shown in the drawing can be controlled in normal operation using another known heat output control.
  • the parameters relating to the heat output of the fluidized bed furnace 10 may be fixed without using any heat output control, which will not be discussed in detail below.
  • a problem with regard to such a heat output control in which the fuel volume flow is changed based on the detected steam volume flow to set a constant heat output of the fluidized bed furnace is that the calorific value of the supplied fuel material is not normally constant but coincides with the composition of the fuel used Waste changes.
  • the heat output generated in the fluidized bed furnace 10 can vary despite constantly set fuel volume flow due to the different calorific value of the waste, which can lead to unwanted heat output fluctuations that can be barely absorbed by the heat output control.
  • the temperature is detected within the fluidized bed furnace 10 with a pyrometer, not shown, and compared with a predetermined temperature setpoint. If the detected temperature is higher than the predetermined target value, it is assumed that the combustion currently taking place in the fluidized bed furnace 10 is too high, which is why the control according to the invention starts and reduces the fuel supply by throttling the speed of the motor of the feed device 11.
  • the control according to the invention replaces the heat output control temporarily, ie as soon as the control according to the invention starts, the control output of the heat output control is set to the value zero, so that these temporarily no Has influence on the fuel flow, which is conveyed by the feeder 11 in the combustion furnace.
  • the control of the invention controls the fuel supply as soon as these setpoints are either exceeded or fallen below, which was already described at the beginning.
  • the fuel supply is gradually throttled in the control used for the fluidized bed furnace 10 shown in the drawing. This means that the rotational speed of the motor driving the feeder 11 is throttled to a minimum speed in a predetermined number of successive steps in order to gradually reduce the fuel volume flow. If the minimum speed is reached, then the control according to the invention switches off, whereupon the heat output control regains control of the fuel volume flow. If the temperature setpoint is then exceeded again, the control according to the invention starts again.
  • control according to the invention can also throttle the speed of the motor driving the feeding device 11 when the setpoint temperature is exceeded, directly to a predetermined speed for a predetermined period of time. After the predetermined period of time, the controller then turns off, whereupon the heat output control regulates the engine speed again.
  • the controller can also be set up in such a way that it does not switch off again until the comparison of the detected parameter value with the predetermined desired value results in their matching. Such a control would then be time-independent.
  • a plurality of feeders 11 are provided, a plurality of motors are correspondingly driven by the controller according to the invention. If one of these feeders fails, the speed of the motors will be the other Feeders increased by a corresponding amount to compensate for the failure.
  • the efficiency and the quality of combustion (emissions) of the fluidized bed furnace are improved in the embodiment described above.
  • the controller takes control of the fuel feed in the Normally, the heat output control is incumbent. Accordingly, it is ensured that the waste layer furnace 10 no more waste than necessary is supplied in order to achieve the desired heat output.
  • control according to the invention can also be used when no heat output control is provided. If, on the other hand, one or more heat output control arrangements are provided, then the control according to the invention temporarily replaces the heat output control, whereby the efficiency is improved, as described with reference to the exemplary embodiment.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Incineration Of Waste (AREA)
  • Fluidized-Bed Combustion And Resonant Combustion (AREA)
EP05024358A 2005-11-09 2005-11-09 Verfahren zur Steuerung der Zufuhr von Brennmaterial in einen Verbrennungsofen Withdrawn EP1785669A1 (de)

Priority Applications (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
EP05024358A EP1785669A1 (de) 2005-11-09 2005-11-09 Verfahren zur Steuerung der Zufuhr von Brennmaterial in einen Verbrennungsofen
CNA2006101398346A CN1963302A (zh) 2005-11-09 2006-09-20 控制供给燃烧炉的焚烧物供给量的方法

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
EP05024358A EP1785669A1 (de) 2005-11-09 2005-11-09 Verfahren zur Steuerung der Zufuhr von Brennmaterial in einen Verbrennungsofen

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP1785669A1 true EP1785669A1 (de) 2007-05-16

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Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP05024358A Withdrawn EP1785669A1 (de) 2005-11-09 2005-11-09 Verfahren zur Steuerung der Zufuhr von Brennmaterial in einen Verbrennungsofen

Country Status (2)

Country Link
EP (1) EP1785669A1 (zh)
CN (1) CN1963302A (zh)

Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JP2015071129A (ja) * 2013-10-02 2015-04-16 メタウォーター株式会社 有機性廃棄物エネルギー推定方法及び装置
JP2015071130A (ja) * 2013-10-02 2015-04-16 メタウォーター株式会社 有機性廃棄物の処理装置および処理方法並びに制御装置

Families Citing this family (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN102798141B (zh) * 2011-05-25 2015-01-07 林荣郎 燃烧机的自动控制方法及其装置
KR101395508B1 (ko) * 2013-10-21 2014-05-14 김원모 가열로의 산소랜싱 연소제어장치
CN103713600B (zh) * 2013-12-25 2017-04-19 凯恩德利(北京)科贸有限公司 一种生产钾肥的自动控制系统
CN115783570B (zh) * 2022-11-25 2024-06-14 北京朝阳环境集团有限公司 一种卸料平台臭气控制方法

Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4800846A (en) * 1987-06-23 1989-01-31 Ube Industries, Ltd. Method of controlling a fluidized bed boiler
EP0496325A1 (en) * 1991-01-22 1992-07-29 Air Products And Chemicals, Inc. Solid waste-to-steam incinerator capacity enhancement by combined oxygen enrichment and liquid quench
EP0971169A1 (en) * 1997-03-26 2000-01-12 Nkk Corporation Combustion control method and apparatus for waste incinerators
WO2000071937A1 (en) * 1999-05-21 2000-11-30 Barlow James L Improved mass fuel combustion system

Patent Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4800846A (en) * 1987-06-23 1989-01-31 Ube Industries, Ltd. Method of controlling a fluidized bed boiler
EP0496325A1 (en) * 1991-01-22 1992-07-29 Air Products And Chemicals, Inc. Solid waste-to-steam incinerator capacity enhancement by combined oxygen enrichment and liquid quench
EP0971169A1 (en) * 1997-03-26 2000-01-12 Nkk Corporation Combustion control method and apparatus for waste incinerators
WO2000071937A1 (en) * 1999-05-21 2000-11-30 Barlow James L Improved mass fuel combustion system

Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JP2015071129A (ja) * 2013-10-02 2015-04-16 メタウォーター株式会社 有機性廃棄物エネルギー推定方法及び装置
JP2015071130A (ja) * 2013-10-02 2015-04-16 メタウォーター株式会社 有機性廃棄物の処理装置および処理方法並びに制御装置

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Publication number Publication date
CN1963302A (zh) 2007-05-16

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