EP1770047B1 - Device for hanging a rail, especially a transporting rail of a conveyor or a hoist - Google Patents

Abstract

Penetrated by a bolt (7) that is held by a retaining device (9) fastened on a rail, a pulling element (6) in a suspension device is partly immersed in the retaining device and fastens on the bolt by means of a ball-type joint, especially a rocker bearing (8).

Description

The invention relates to a device for suspending a rail, in particular a running rail of a suspension conveyor or a hoist on a chassis or structure with a tension element, which is fastened with one end to the rail, wherein the tension element is penetrated by a bolt which is penetrated by a Holder is received, which is attached to the rail, wherein the tension member as seen in the hanging direction at least partially immersed in the holder, already known from the document US 5 598 785 A1 ,

Thus, from the brochure (March 2000 issue) entitled "crane kit KBK classic and KBK ergo" Demag Cranes & Components GmbH, weather in Germany, a crane box system with downwardly open c-shaped and I-shaped rails known which various types such as monorails, single-girder suspension cranes, double-girder suspension cranes can be realized. The rails are each mounted on suspensions on structures, other rails or trolleys that run in other rails. These suspensions are designed to oscillate, since this ensures that the rails align themselves automatically, ie bring themselves into the equilibrium state, ie. no significant bending load in the tension element occurs. The pendulum suspension is done via ball and socket joints, which have steel ball head sections and complementary ball cups with plastic sliding cups. The ball head sections are attached to the end of a multi-part tension element. The tension element is thus usually seen from top to bottom of an eyelet for attachment of the tension element to the structures, other rails or chassis and a hereby integrally connected shaft to which the ball head section is screwed and secured.

In a suspension of downwardly open c-shaped rails with a arranged at the top of the rail upwardly widening web, preferably y- or T-shaped web, the holder consists of two identical holding parts. These holding parts are formed as sheet metal parts so that after assembly and holding together by means of screws in the lower part of the widening web of the rail is clamped and added in the upper part of the ball socket and through a recess, the tension element is performed.

This type of suspensions has been proven for many years and is easy to install anywhere on a rail, since there the holding parts are assembled and pulled by means of screws against each other for clamping down the rail.

From the US 2004/0238473 A1 is a crane arrangement is known in which a bridge girder is arranged on arranged at its ends trolleys on parallel and spaced-apart rails. The bridge girder is clamped to the trolleys via U-shaped downwardly open, the bridge girder embracing bracket. Between the brackets and the chassis vertically aligned ball joint bearings are provided so that the trolleys can be rotated relative to the bridge girder by 360 ° about a vertical axis and also tilted sideways. The ball-and-socket bearings used include steel ball bearings and nylon cups.

In these ball joints, the ball head of the tension element must be introduced into the ball socket, wherein the shaft engages through the central bore of the pan. Therefore, the tension members are composed of at least two parts, namely a pull rod and a ball head, which are fastened to each other during assembly after passing the pull rod through the central bore in the ball socket. Often ball nuts are used, which are screwed onto the drawbar. This connection is secured, for example, by a tension pin.

However, this embodiment of the tension elements only allows to meet by an oversizing the load requirements imposed on the tension elements. In addition, the parts of the above ball joints must be processed or executed accordingly to allow their connection.

Improper use or lack of maintenance can destroy the ball socket. This leads to increased friction between Ball head and ball socket. In two-part tension members of the tie rod and ball head then the securing element of the connection between the tie rod and ball head is overloaded. This can lead to the crash of the bridge girder. Also, the fuse element may fail, which also leads to failure of the suspension. In addition, the drawbar is weakened by the notch effect of the applied thread. Furthermore, with a relief of the rail connected to a slight lifting of the rail, the ball socket lifted from the ball head. In a subsequent load of the rail is a sudden load of the ball joint. This must also be taken into account in its interpretation.

In addition, Ingersoll Rand Zimmerman, Milwaukee, USA (see, for example, www.irtools.com/jmgLibrary/complete/Zimmerman_HaengerAjc_1.jpg) discloses suspensions for a downwardly open C-shaped crane rail, one positioned at the top of the rail has upwardly widening y-shaped web for a holder of two identical holding parts. This suspension has a tension element, which consists essentially of a pull rod and an eyelet. Here, the pull rod is rotatably mounted with its lower end about a vertical axis in the eyelet and fixed at its upper end rigidly to a support structure. The eyelet in turn is fixed with its bore on a bolt which extends in the longitudinal direction of the rail. The tension element is thus pivotable transversely to the rail and rotatable about a vertical axis. In and against the longitudinal direction of the rail, the tension element is rigid. Furthermore, the bolt for the eyelet is stored in the holding parts. The holding parts are pivotable about the bolt and clamp a Y-shaped web by means of screws. The screws are guided through a hole in the web.

Also by the company Krantechnik Müller, Lebach, Germany further suspensions for the above-described downwardly open C-shaped crane rails with the y-shaped widening web are known. These consist essentially of a tension element, a spherical plain bearing, a bolt, a tab and a holder. The tension element has at its upper and at its lower end in each case a bore, in each of which a joint bearing with a ball socket and a ball head is received. The ball head is with the bolt, which is in Lengthwise of the rail extends, connected. The ends of the bolt extending forwards and backwards from the ball head are respectively received rotatably and secured by cotter pins in the legs of an upwardly open U-shaped lug, the web of which extends below and at a distance from the bolt from the holder with the y-shaped lug. shaped web is added. For this purpose, the holder again consists of two identical holding parts which are fastened by means of screws by clamping to the web of the tab and the Y-shaped web of the rail. The use of the tab leads to a large height. The rotating mounting of the ends of the bolts in the legs of the tab leads to wear of the holes of the tab.

The European Patent Application EP 0 860 394 A2 describes the attachment of a pulling element with a ball head in a complementary ball socket via a holder on a Y-shaped web of a rail. The holder could be one-piece. The ball head of the tension element is carried out from above through the correspondingly dimensioned opening of the holder and then the two-part ball socket to be executed is then likewise introduced through this opening or from the side. Whether the holder is secured by further means on the Y-shaped web of the rail is not described.

The German Auslegeschrift DE-A 51 096 288 shows a holder for suspending a rail on an I-shaped support. This upwardly open c-shaped bracket has two opposite and pivotable gripping arms, which, after the holder has been arranged below the web of the rail, are pivoted with their hook-shaped ends on the upper side of the web in a holding position. In the holding position, the gripping arms are held by one screw at a time. In particular, this type of holder is characterized by an adjustment possibility of the holder relative to the I-shaped rail. Even in the holding position of the gripping arms a sufficient lateral clearance is present in order to move over an adjustment of the screws, the bracket with respect to the rail sideways can. The subject of fall protection in connection with a failure of the screws is not covered in this document.

Furthermore, from the German Patent DE 197 53 169 C2 a device for hanging a rail, in particular a downwardly open hollow-shaped Rail of a suspension crane, known. Here, the rail is also characterized by an upwardly disposed y-shaped web, which is encompassed by a C-shaped bracket, which is suspended via a ball head and a tension element on an I-shaped rail. The holder between the ball head and the y-shaped web is formed in two parts and is connected to each other over two seen in the longitudinal direction of the rail successively arranged and extending transversely to the rail screws. Thus, then the ball head is gripped by the two parts of the holder. A failure of the screws would cause the holding parts to loosen and thus release the ball head of the tension element.

Furthermore, from the DE 101 15 565 C2 a device for suspending rails of a rail system for a suspension crane is known, which has elastic damping elements in the area of the supports for the ball heads.

The object of the invention is to provide a device for suspending a rail, in particular a running rail of a suspension conveyor or a hoist, which is safe and has a long service life and a low overall height.

This object is achieved by the reproduced in claim 1 device. Advantageous embodiments of the device are specified in the subclaims 2 to 11.

According to the invention is in a device for suspending a rail, in particular a running rail of a suspension conveyor or a hoist on a chassis or structure with a tension element which is fastened with one end to the rail, wherein the tension element is penetrated by a bolt which is penetrated by a Holder is received, which is attached to the rail, wherein the tension member as viewed in the hanging direction at least partially immersed in the holder, a secure construction and a long service life and low height achieved in that the tension member via a ball-joint, in particular a spherical plain bearing, attached to the bolt. Thus, the bolt can be connected directly to the bracket and the overall height of the entire suspension is minimized. This direct connection increases the safety of the suspension. The use of a spherical bearing allows for long service life to reach. The design is simplified because commercially available, industrially manufactured spherical plain bearings can be used, which are correspondingly low wear. In addition, considerable savings in construction are achieved by this use, since no special components are necessary, as they were previously used in the known suspensions.

A spherical plain bearing is understood to mean commercially available, ready-to-install, standardized and industrially produced radial spherical plain bearings, for example according to DIN ISO 12240, which are articulated and permit spatial adjustments. Spherical bearings are structural units which have an outer ring in which an inner ring is mounted. The inner ring has a cylindrical bore for non-rotatably receiving a bolt and a spherical outer slide to form the ball head. This outer slide is in engagement with a hollow spherical Innengleitbahn the outer ring, which is used with its cylindrical surface in a rotationally fixed bore. Here, the outer slide and the inner slide can each be made of steel and stand in direct condition to each other. Then usually a lubricant supply is also provided. For the present application joint bearings are used, which have a sliding layer or a sliding ring, for example made of plastic or Teflon between inner and outer ring. This slip ring is then attached to the outer ring and the inner ring slides in the slip ring. In another construction, the outer ring can be left as a separate component and its function is taken over by the tension element. The inner ring is then inserted transversely into the extended bore in the tension member and rotated 90 ° in the bore to its working position. Subsequently, the extension of the bore and the gap between the inner ring and bore with a sliding ring forming thermosetting plastic is filled.

It is particularly simple in terms of design that the holder tapers on both sides in the direction of the ball-like joint, in particular spherical plain bearing, in such a way that the tension element can be tilted viewed in the longitudinal direction of the bolt.

In this case, the low overall height is also achieved in that the bolt passes through the ball-like joint, in particular spherical plain bearings.

The height is further minimized by the fact that the bolt in the suspension direction Seen at least partially immersed in the holder. Preferably, the entire bolt immersed seen in the direction of suspension completely immersed in the holder. This also facilitates secure attachment of the bolt in the holder.

In order to achieve immersion of the tension element and the pivot bearing in the holder, it is provided that the holder viewed at right angles to the hanger direction and seen at right angles to the bolt has a gap, so that the holder has an upwardly open U-shaped configuration, and in the Space protrude the tension element or the tension element and the bolt. Here, in a preferred embodiment, the bolt is aligned with its longitudinal extent parallel to the longitudinal direction of the rail.

A secure connection of the bolt in the holder and thus a direct application of force is achieved in that the bolt with its on the joint bearing on both sides protruding ends in the holder is held against rotation in holes. As a result, only the joint bearing is claimed by the movements of the suspension.

In one embodiment, it is provided that the holder has two holding parts, between which the bolt with its ends and the rail to be supported are clamped by screws.

The manufacture of the holder is facilitated by the fact that the holding parts are identical.

A particularly crash-proof embodiment is achieved in that the holder is integrally formed.

In an alternative embodiment, the holder has a frame-shaped holding part which can be fastened in a T-shaped groove of the rail to be supported.

Figur 1

eine perspektivische Ansicht eines Einträger-Hängekrans,

Figur 2

einen vergrößerten Ausschnitt des Bereichs Z von Figur 1,

Figur 3

eine Ansicht der Aufhängung aus Figur 2,

Figur 4

eine Seitenansicht von Figur 3 teilweise im Schnitt mit Halteteilen in der Haltestellung,

Figur 5

eine Ansicht gemäß Figur 4 mit Halteteilen in der Offenstellung,

Figur 6

eine Ansicht eines Schienenabschnitts mit einer Aufhängung in einer ersten alternativen Ausführungsform teilweise im Schnitt und

Figur 7

eine Seitenansicht von Figur 6,

Figur 8

eine perspektivische Ansicht eines Schienenabschnitts mit einer Aufhängung in einer zweiten alternativen Ausführungsform,

Figur 9

eine Seitenansicht von Figur 8,

Figur 10

eine Schnittansicht von Figur 9,

Figur 11

eine perspektivische Ansicht eines Schienenabschnitts mit einer Aufhängung in einer dritten alternativen Ausführungsform,

Figur 12

eine Ansicht von Figur 11 und

Figur 13

eine Schnittansicht von Figur 12.

Further features, details and advantages of the invention will become apparent from the dependent claims and the following description of exemplary embodiments with reference to the drawing. Show it:

FIG. 1

a perspective view of a single-girder overhead crane,

FIG. 2

an enlarged section of the area Z of FIG. 1 .

FIG. 3

a view of the suspension FIG. 2 .

FIG. 4

a side view of FIG. 3 partly in section with holding parts in the holding position,

FIG. 5

a view according to FIG. 4 with holding parts in the open position,

FIG. 6

a view of a rail portion with a suspension in a first alternative embodiment partially in section and

FIG. 7

a side view of FIG. 6 .

FIG. 8

a perspective view of a rail portion with a suspension in a second alternative embodiment,

FIG. 9

a side view of FIG. 8 .

FIG. 10

a sectional view of FIG. 9 .

FIG. 11

a perspective view of a rail portion with a suspension in a third alternative embodiment,

FIG. 12

a view of FIG. 11 and

FIG. 13

a sectional view of FIG. 12 ,

In the Figures 1 and 2 a single-girder suspension crane with two suspensions 1 is shown, via which a substantially horizontal, downwardly open C-shaped rail 2 is suspended on two substantially horizontal, parallel and spaced-apart and also downwardly open C-shaped rails 3 , The rail 2 in this case runs essentially transversely to the rails 3 and is along the rails 3 movable. For this purpose, the rail 2 is suspended via the two suspensions 1 each on a chassis 4 (see FIG. 2 ), which are movable in the running rail 3 via rollers, not shown, along the longitudinal direction thereof. On the rail 2, a not shown hoist is suspended as a chain or cable and can be moved with another chassis along the rail 2 in the usual way. Also, other suspensions 1 not shown are provided along the rails 3, with which they are suspended from structures, other rails or chassis.

These suspensions 1 have spherical plain bearings and are therefore designed to oscillate, since this ensures that the rail 2 and the rails 3 align themselves automatically, ie bring into the equilibrium state, ie no significant bending load in the suspension 1, in particular in the in the Suspension 1 arranged tension element 6 (see FIG. 2 ) occurs.

Thus, it is possible to take the hoist on the load or a hanging switch and move along the rail 2 and the running rail 3 without a separate drive for this purpose. During a movement along the rail 3 it happens by the non-central - each dependent on the position of the hoist on the rail 2 - force introduction regularly that the rail 2 is inclined with the hoist from a position perpendicular to the rails 3 out. This inclination is about 20 ° to 30 °. Normally, such a tilting would lead to jamming of the rail 2 and the chassis 4 on the running rail 3. However, as described above, the suspensions 1 are oscillating in nature, the rails 3 can easily reduce their distance from each other in a diagonal train and the trolleys 4 can be moved further unhindered in the rails 3. Under pendulum suspension 1 is understood here that they allow rotation about a vertical axis and also a lateral tilting.

The FIG. 2 shows an enlarged detail of the FIG. 1 from the area Z, which relates to the suspension 1. From this FIG. 2 It can be clearly seen that the chassis 4 has two tabs 4a, each with a bore 4b. The mutually parallel and spaced-apart tabs 4a protrude downwards out of the running rail 3. Between the tabs 4a is an upper end of a Tension element 6 of the suspension 1 is arranged. The tension element 6 is formed as a flat strap connecting rod-like or strip-shaped and aligned approximately perpendicular to the longitudinal direction of the rail 2. This tension member 6 has an upper bore 10 and a lower bore 11 (see Figures 3 . 8th and 10 ) on. The tension member 6 is suspended on the landing gear via a bolt 5 which is passed through the bore 4b of the first lug 4a, the upper bore 10 and the bore 4b of the second lug 4a. The upper bore 10 has a cutting bearing, ie the bore 10 is designed to be spherical and the pin 5 is angularly movably guided point-shaped on the edge formed by crown. The lower bore 11 serves to suspend the rail 2 on the tension element 6. For this purpose, a joint bearing 8 is used in the lower bore 11 (see Figures 3 . 7 . 10 ), through the bore 8c, a further bolt 7 is performed. The standing in the respective longitudinal direction of the rail 2 via the tension member 6 and the joint bearing 8 also out ends 7a, 7b engage in a holder 9 and are rotationally held in holes 13 there. This holder 9 additionally engages positively around an upper web 2 a of the rail 2, which is formed in a y-shape and correspondingly widens upward from the upper side of the rail 2. In principle, a T-shaped or otherwise widening design of the web 2a is also possible.

Alternatively, a spherical plain bearing 8 can be arranged in the upper bore 10.

In the FIGS. 3 to 5 is the suspension 1 for the rail 2, in particular its holder 9, in a first embodiment, in the FIGS. 6 and 7 in a second embodiment and in the FIGS. 8 to 10 in a third embodiment shown in detail. In addition to the FIG. 2 given description, it can be seen that in the lower bore 11 of the tension element 6, a joint bearing 8 is arranged, which is penetrated by the bolt 7. The joint bearing 8 is a commercially available, ready-to-install, standardized and industrially manufactured radial spherical plain bearing, for example according to DIN ISO 12240, which has an outer ring 8b in which an inner ring 8a is mounted. The inner ring 8a has a cylindrical bore 8c for the rotationally fixed reception of the bolt 7 and a spherical outer sliding track to form the ball head. This outer slide is engaged with a hollow spherical Innengeleitbahn the outer ring 8b, which is inserted with its cylindrical surface in the bore 11 rotatably. Between the inner ring 8a and the Outer ring 8b is an unillustrated slide ring, for example made of plastic or Teflon arranged. This sliding ring is then fixed to the outer ring 8b and the inner ring 8a slides in the sliding ring. The bolt 7 is aligned parallel to the longitudinal direction of the rail 2. The tension member 6 is thus seen relative to the bracket 9 and seen in the longitudinal direction of the rail 2 laterally about the bolt 7 to the right and left pivotable and seen in the longitudinal direction of the tension element 6 by about ± 15 °. Further ± 15 ° pivoting occur between tension element 6 and pin 5 on the cutting edge bearing in the bore 10.

In the event that the inner ring 8a and the outer ring 8b are made of steel and are in direct contact, a lubricant supply is usually provided in addition. In another construction, the outer ring 8 b can be left as a separate component and its function is taken over by the tension element 6. The inner ring 8a is thereby inserted transversely into the widened bore 11 in the tension element 6 and rotated by 90 ° in the bore 11 into its working position. Subsequently, the extension of the bore 11 and the gap between the inner ring 8a and 11 bore is filled with a forming the sliding ring curing plastic.

The FIGS. 3 to 5 show a first embodiment of the holder 9, which consists essentially of two identical holding parts 9a and 9b. The two holding parts 9a and 9b are limited by the bolt 7 for suspension on the tension element 6 pivotally mounted from an open position to a holding position to each other. In FIG. 4 is the stop position and in FIG. 5 the open position shown. In both positions and any intermediate positions, in the longitudinal direction of the rail 2, the holding parts 9a, 9b have a downwardly open c-shaped cross-section which delimits a mushroom-shaped longitudinal opening 12 extending in the longitudinal direction of the rail 2. Functionally, the holding parts 9a, 9b can be divided into an upper hanging area 9c and a lower holding area 9d. This longitudinal opening 12, which is delimited by the holding areas 9d of the holding parts 9a, 9b of the holder 9, has a lower gap area 12a and an opening area 12b adjoining upwards thereon. The holding region 9d thus has the shape of two opposing holding arms or gripping arms, which are angled away from one another in the longitudinal direction of the rail 2 and are spaced apart from one another by the longitudinal opening 12, to their free lower end. The gripper arms are angled towards each other, ending in the gap area 12a and thus taper the opening portion 12b. In the opening region 12b, the holding region 9d, starting from the gap region 12a, has planar support surfaces 12c rising obliquely upwards. These support surfaces 12c are used for the areal absorption of the web ends 2b of the y-shaped web 2a, which widens outward in the opposite direction. These bearing surfaces 12c thus take on the load of the rail 2 and the load supported or suspended thereon, regardless of whether the holder 9 is in the open or holding position.

The limited by the bolt 7 angularly movable holding parts 9 a, 9 b form a kind of pliers mechanism to hold the rail 2. The peculiarity of the holding parts 9a, 9b, however, is that their angular mobility is limited such that even in the open position, the web ends 2b of the web 2a can not slip down from the longitudinal opening 12 of the holder 9 and thus be held securely.

The holder 9 of the suspension 1 according to the first embodiment, in particular their holding parts 9a and 9b, has transversely and horizontally to the longitudinal direction of the rail 2 an upwardly open space 16 of a U-shaped bracket 9, in particular their web-like suspension areas 9c , is limited. On the mutually facing inner sides 9e of the suspension areas 9c of the holder 9 flat conical projections 9f are arranged. The bores 13 of the suspension areas 9c of the holder 9 for the bolt 7 continue centrally in these projections 9f. By the projections 9f of the intermediate space 16 is tapered and contact surfaces for the joint bearing 8 are created.

In addition, by this gap 16, the articulated connection of the two holding parts 9a, 9b divided into a first and a second hinge joint-like joint area. Each of these joint regions has an arm 9g of the holding region 9d of the respective holding part 9a, 9b. Each of the arms 9g receives about a part of the bore 13 for the bolt 7 approximately centrally in the longitudinal direction of the rail 2. The arrangement of the arms 9g, the bolt 7 and the bore 13 is similar to a multi-section bolt connection.

In order to achieve the previously described limitation of the angular mobility of the holding parts 9a and 9b, on the one holding part 9a contact surfaces 17 and on the another holding part 9b complementary formed counter-bearing surfaces 18 is formed. The counter-bearing surfaces 18 are arranged on the lower sides of the free ends of the arms 9g and each aligned flat and substantially horizontal. The contact surfaces 17 are located laterally next to the free end of the opposite end of the arm 9 g on the holding part 9 a, 9 b and thus with respect to the bolt 7 opposite.

In the open position of the holding parts 9a and 9b come like clamping jaws of a pair of pliers mutually arranged contact surfaces 17 and counter-bearing surfaces 18 to the plant. In the holding position, the contact surfaces 17 are separated by a gap 19 from the counter-contact surfaces 18. However, the abutment surfaces 17 and the counter abutment surfaces 18 do not impede a closing movement, that is, a forceps-like application to the web 2a between the gripping levers of a pair.

In order to fix the holder 9 after pushing on the web 2a or after assembly about the web 2a in the longitudinal direction of the rail 2 at a desired location, two screws 14 are provided. The screws 14 pass through the holding parts 9a, 9b at a height such that they do not collide with the web 2a and cross the opening area 12b of the longitudinal opening 12 below the arms 9g. By means of the screws 14, the holding parts 9a, 9b are pivoted about the pin 7 from the open position to the holding position toward each other, until the ends of the gripping arm-like holding portions 9d come to rest on the web 2a. It should be emphasized again that this pinching primarily the determination of the bracket 9 in the longitudinal direction of the rail 2 and does not assume any significant holding or supporting function.

Accordingly, the size, in particular the height, of the opening portion 12b of the longitudinal opening 12 is selected so that the screws 14 have sufficient space to intersect the longitudinal opening 12 below the bolt 7 and above the web 2a. However, the height of the longitudinal opening 12 is not sufficient to postpone the holder 9 in the assembled state in the longitudinal direction of the rail 2, which extends substantially horizontally, on the web 2a of one end of the rail 2. A sliding is prevented by the fact that at the beginning and end of the rail 2 on the web 2a in the upper opening of the web 2a cylindrical connecting sleeves 2c are arranged. These connection sleeves 2c serve the end-side connection of two rails 2 on impact. Further connecting sleeves 2c can be found at the c-shaped lower ends of the rail 2 (see FIG. 1 ). These connecting sleeves 2c, which lie opposite each other at the junction of two rails 2, can then be easily connected by screws and at the same time orient the rails 2 relative to one another.

So the bracket 9 must be built together at the desired suspension point on the rail 2. For this purpose, the two holding parts 9a, 9b without the bolt 7 and the screws 14 at the desired suspension point on the rail 2 joined together so that the holes 13 are aligned with each other and the web 2a of the rail 2 is encompassed by the holding portions 9d of the holder 9 , Then, the bolt 7 is inserted in the longitudinal direction of the rail 2 from one side into the bore 13, so that the part of the bore 13 of the two first arms 9g of the holding parts 9a, 9b is penetrated. Now, the tension element 6 is inserted with its joint bearing 8 in alignment with the bore 13 in the intermediate space 16. The bolt 7 is further pushed through the pivot bearing 8 and the rest of the bore 13 in the two second arms 9 g of the holding parts 9 a, 9 b until the head 7 c of the bolt 7 comes to rest on the holder 9. On the other side, the other end 7a of the bolt 7 projects out of the bore 13. To secure the bolt 7 in the bore 13, a circumferential groove 7d is provided at the protruding end 7a of the bolt 7, in the side of a locking ring 20 is inserted, which comes to rest on the other end of the bracket 9.

Since the rails 3 have an identical to the rail 2 cross-section, there are also the previously described web 3a and the three connecting sleeves 3c at the ends of the rails 3 to find (see FIG. 1 ).

In an alternative embodiment of the holder 9, which is not shown in the drawing, it can be provided that the height of the opening area 12b and the size of the gap area 12a of the longitudinal opening 12 in the open position or the spacing of the arm-shaped holding areas 9d of the holder 9 are selected such that the holder 9 in the longitudinal direction of the rail 2, which extends substantially horizontally, can be pushed onto the web 2a of one end of the rail 2. The longitudinal opening 12, in particular its opening area 12b, starting from the gap area 12a, is then provided with a sufficient height to be adjacent to Ridge 2a and let the connecting sleeves 2c happen.

In the FIGS. 6 and 7 a first alternative embodiment of the holder 9 is shown. Compared to the holder 9 described above, this is formed in one piece, ie there is only a part 9a and also no limited pivotability of the parts 9a and 9b to each other. Seen in the longitudinal direction of the rail 2, a downwardly open c-shaped cross-section is also present, which delimits a longitudinally extending rail 2 mushroom-shaped and upwardly widening longitudinal opening 12. Functionally, the part 9a can be divided into an upper hanging area 9c and a lower holding area 9d. The longitudinal opening 12, which is delimited by the holding region 9d of the part 9a of the holder 9, has a lower gap region 12a and an opening region 12b adjoining upwards thereon. The holding region 9d thus has the shape of two opposing holding arms or gripping arms, which are angled away from one another in the longitudinal direction of the rail 2 and are spaced apart from one another by the longitudinal opening 12, to their free lower end. The gripping arms are angled towards one another, terminate in the gap region 12a and thus taper the opening region 12b. In the opening region 12b, the holding region 9d, starting from the gap region 12a, has planar support surfaces 12c rising obliquely upwards. These support surfaces 12c are used for the areal absorption of the web ends 2b of the y-shaped web 2a, which widens outward in the opposite direction. These bearing surfaces 12c thus absorb the load of the rail 2 and the load conveyed or suspended thereon.

The size of the longitudinal opening 12 or the distance of the arm-shaped holding portions 9d of the holder 9 is selected so that the holder 9 in the longitudinal direction of the rail 2, which extends substantially horizontally, can be pushed onto the web 2a of one end of the rail 2. The formation of the holder 9 with the web 2a c-shaped encompassing holding portions 9d ensures that when viewed horizontally oriented rail 2 in the vertical direction of the web 2a can not slip down from the holder 9 and the rail 2 is thus held securely. In addition, the size of the longitudinal opening 12, in particular its opening portion 12b, starting from the gap region 12a, provided with a sufficient height to the web 2a at the beginning and end of the rail 2 on the web 2a in the upper opening of the web 2a to let arranged cylindrical connecting sleeves 2c happen.

In order to fix the holder 9 after sliding on the web 2a in the longitudinal direction of the rail 2 at a desired location, four screws 14 are provided. The screws 14 are formed as setscrews, which are in threaded bores 15, which extend transversely to the longitudinal direction of the rail 2 and substantially horizontal, are screwed and with its tip in the narrow portion of the web 2a so in the region of the gap portion 12a of Create longitudinal opening 12 or screw it in slightly. It should again be emphasized that these screws 14 are essentially only the determination of the bracket 9 in the longitudinal direction of the rail 2 and take no carrying function.

Also, the bracket 9 of the first alternative suspension 1 has transversely and horizontally to the longitudinal direction of the rail seen an upwardly open space 16 which is bounded by a U-shaped bracket 9, in particular their web-like suspension areas 9c. On the mutually facing inner sides 9e of the suspension areas 9c of the holder 9 flat conical projections 9f are arranged. The bores 13 of the suspension areas 9c of the holder 9 for the bolt 7 continue centrally in these projections 9f. By the projections 9f of the intermediate space 16 is tapered and contact surfaces for the joint bearing 8 are created.

With respect to the design of the joint bearing 8 is on the description of the FIGS. 3 to 5 directed.

In the FIGS. 8 to 10 a second alternative embodiment of the holder 9 is shown. Compared to the holders 9 described above, this consists of two identical holding parts 9a, 9b, which are connected by screws 14 by clamping with the rail 2. Die Halteelemente 9a, 9b sind an den Haltering 9 bzw. In pulled together by the screws 14 state of the holding parts 9a, 9b is seen in the longitudinal direction of the rail 2 also has a downwardly open c-shaped cross section defining a longitudinally extending rail 2 mushroom-shaped and upwardly widening longitudinal opening 12. Functionally, the part 9a can be divided into an upper hanging area 9c and a lower holding area 9d. This longitudinal opening 12, of the Holding portion 9d of the part 9a of the holder 9 is limited, has a lower gap region 12a and an opening region 12b adjoining this upwards. The holding region 9d thus has the shape of two opposing holding arms or gripping arms, which are angled away from one another in the longitudinal direction of the rail 2 and are spaced apart from one another by the longitudinal opening 12, to their free lower end. The gripping arms are angled towards one another, terminate in the gap region 12a and thus taper the opening region 12b. In the opening region 12b, the holding region 9d, starting from the gap region 12a, has planar support surfaces 12c rising obliquely upwards. These support surfaces 12c are used for the areal absorption of the web ends 2b of the y-shaped web 2a, which widens outward in the opposite direction. These bearing surfaces 12c thus absorb the load of the rail 2 and the load conveyed or suspended thereon.

The height of the opening portion 12b of the longitudinal opening 12 is selected so that the screws 14 have sufficient space to cross the longitudinal opening 12 below the bolt 7 and above the web 2a. However, the height of the longitudinal opening 12 is not sufficient to postpone the holder 9 in the assembled state in the longitudinal direction of the rail 2, which extends substantially horizontally, on the web 2a of one end of the rail 2. A sliding is prevented by the fact that at the beginning and end of the rail 2 on the web 2a in the upper opening of the web 2a cylindrical connecting sleeves 2c are arranged. This connection sleeves 2c serve the end-side connection of two rails 2 on impact. Further connecting sleeves 2c can be found at the c-shaped lower ends of the rail 2 (see FIG. 1 ). These connecting sleeves 2c, which lie opposite each other at the junction of two rails 2, can then be easily connected by screws and at the same time orient the rails 2 relative to one another.

So the bracket 9 must be built together at the desired suspension point on the rail 2. For this purpose, the two holding parts 9a, 9b joined together at the desired suspension point on the rail 2, that the holes 13, which are formed here as blind hole-like recesses, surround the bolt 7 and the web 2a of the rail 2 of the holding portions 9d of the holder 9 is encompassed. Then, the holding parts 9 a, 9 b are connected to each other via the screws 14. About the screws 14, the bolt 7 is secured against rotation and clamped in the holes 13 of the holding parts 9a, 9b held. Also, the holding portions 9d of the holding parts 9a, 9b are pressed laterally against the web 2a of the rail 2 via the screws 14, so that the holder 9 is fixed in the longitudinal direction of the rail 2 at a desired location.

Also, the bracket 9 of the alternative second suspension 1 has transversely and horizontally to the longitudinal direction of the rail seen an upwardly open space 16 which is bounded by a U-shaped bracket 9, in particular their web-like suspension areas 9c. On the mutually facing inner sides 9e of the suspension areas 9c of the holder 9 flat conical projections 9f are arranged. The bores 13 of the suspension areas 9c of the holder 9 for the bolt 7 continue centrally in these projections 9f. By the projections 9f of the intermediate space 16 is tapered and bearing surfaces for the joint bearing 8, in particular its inner ring 8a, are created.

With respect to the design of the joint bearing 8 is on the description of the FIGS. 3 to 5 directed.

In the FIGS. 11 to 13 a third alternative embodiment of the holder 9 is shown. Compared with the holders 9 described above, this is suitable for another type a downwardly open c-shaped rail 2, which may preferably be made of aluminum. This rail 2 has instead of the outwardly oppositely widening web ends 2b of the y-shaped web 2a at the top of the rail 2, a T-shaped groove 2d, which tapers according to the holder 9, on. Accordingly, this holder 9 is adapted to this type of rail 2.

The holder 9 consists of a frame-shaped holding part 9a, which is inserted from one end into the T-shaped groove 2d or alternatively with a corresponding configuration, as known from sliding blocks, inserted from above into the T-shaped groove 2d and then rotated by 90 ° so that the holding part 9a partially engages under the upper webs 2a of the groove 2d. In order to fix the holding part 9a in the longitudinal direction of the rail 2 at a desired location, the holding part 9a is pulled upwards by means of screws 14 and thus is supported on the underside of the web 2a of the T-shaped groove 2d. The screws 14 are supported on the upper side of the web 2a of the T-shaped groove 2d. Thus, the bracket 9 is clamped to the web 2a.

If the screws 14 fail, the holding part 9a remains held in the T-shaped groove 2d. Thus, the clamping forces of the screws 14 can be transmitted to the upper side of the web 2a of the T-shaped groove 2d or the top of the rail 2a, rectangular frame-shaped abutment 21 is provided, above the holes 15 in the holding part 9a for the screws 14th is arranged and extends from here over the top of the web 2a of the T-shaped groove 2d and the top of the rail 2a addition. On the holding part 9a engage two screws 14 in each diagonally opposite corners. For receiving the holes 15 for the screws 14, the frame-shaped holding part 9a is extended in each case over a tab area. Between the abutment 21 and the first holding part 9a, a longitudinal opening 12 extending in the longitudinal direction of the rail 2 is also enclosed by its edge regions with a gap region 12a which serves to receive the web 2a of the rail 2.

This holder 9 can also be divided into the holding area 9d described above and the adjoining hanging area 9c. The suspension area 9c consists essentially of two bores 13 for receiving the bolt 7, which are spaced apart by a gap 16 into which the spherical plain bearing 8 with the tension element 6 is immersed. Also, the gap 16 has protruding projections 9f for centering the spherical bearing. The extending through the two bores 13 and the pivot bearing 8 through bolt 7 has at one end a head 7c, which is held by a recess in the abutment 21 secured against rotation and held in the bore 13. In the area of the bores 13, the otherwise flat holding part 9a is designed to thicken upwards in the manner of bearing blocks. These brackets project upwardly out of the T-shaped groove 2d.

With respect to the design of the joint bearing 8 is on the description of the FIGS. 3 to 5 directed.

Also, in the aforementioned embodiment, the preferred use of the suspension 1 in single-girder suspension cranes, namely there between the rail 2 and the running rail 3 described. This new suspension 1 is of course also suitable to suspend the rails 3 on suitable structures or other rails 2. The rail 2 may also be I-shaped.

LIST OF REFERENCE NUMBERS

1

suspension

2

rail

2a

web

2 B

web ends

2c

connecting sleeve

2d

T-shaped groove

3

running rail

3a

web

3c

connecting sleeve

4

landing gear

4a

flap

4b

drilling

5

bolt

6

tension element

7

bolt

7a

End of the bolt

7b

End of the bolt

7c

head

7d

groove

8th

Spherical plain bearings

8a

inner ring

8b

outer ring

8c

drilling

9

bracket

9a

holding part

9b

holding part

9c

suspension region

9d

holding area

9e

inside

9f

head Start

9g

poor

10

upper hole

11

lower hole

12

longitudinal opening

12a

gap region

12b

opening area

12c

bearing surface

13

drilling

14

screw

15

drilling

16

gap

17

contact surface

18

Anvil surface

19

gap

20

circlip

21

abutment

A

suspension direction

Z

magnification range

Claims (11)

1. Device for suspending a rail (2), and in particular a travel rail for an overhead conveyor or a hoist, from a trolley (4) or a supporting structure, having a traction member which can be fastened to the rail (2) by one end, the traction member (6) having a pin passing through it which is received by a mounting (9) which is fastened to the rail (2), at least part of the traction member (6) being below the top surface of the mounting (9) when seen in the direction of suspension, characterised in that the traction member (6) is fastened to the pin (7) by means of a ball-type joint and in particular a ball-and-socket joint (8).
2. Device according to claim 1, characterised in that the mounting (2) tapers towards the ball-type joint and in particular ball-and-socket joint (8) on both sides, in such a way that the traction member (6) can be tilted when seen in the longitudinal direction of the pin (7).
3. Device according to claim 1 or 2, characterised in that the pin (7) passes through the ball-type joint and in particular ball-and-socket joint (8).
4. Device according to one of claims 1 to 3, characterised in that at least part of the pin (7) and the traction member (6) is below the top surface of the mounting (9) when seen in the direction of suspension
5. Device according to claims 1 to 4, characterised in that the whole of the pin (7) is below the top surface of the mounting (9) when seen in the direction of suspension
6. Device according to one of claims 1 to 5, characterised in that, when seen at right angles to the direction of suspension (A) and at right angles to the pin (7), the mounting has a gap (16), thus making the mounting (9) of a U-shaped configuration which is open at the top, and the traction member (6), or the traction member (6) and the pin (7), as the case may be, project into the gap (16), and the pin (7) is aligned with its longitudinal extent parallel to the longitudinal direction of the rail (2).
7. Device according to one of claims 1 to 6, characterised in that the pin (7) is held in the mounting (9) in holes (13) in such a way as to be secure against rotation, by its ends (7a, 7b) which project beyond the ball-type joint and in particular ball-and-socket joint (8) on the two sides.
8. Device according to one of claims 1 to 7, characterised in that the mounting (9) has two holding parts (9a, 9b) between which, by a clamping action, the pin (7) is securely held by its ends (7a, 7b) and the rail to be carried (2) is securely held by means of screws (14).
9. Device according to one of claims 1 to 8, characterised in that the holding parts (9a, 9b) are identical.
10. Device according to one of claims 1 to 7, characterised in that the mounting (9) is of a one-piece form.
11. Device according to one of claims 1 to 7, characterised in that the mounting (9) has a frame-like holding part (9a) which can be fastened in a T-shaped groove (9d) in the rail (2) to be carried.

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