EP1766323A1 - Projectile, in particular an anti-infrastructure penetrating bomb and method for penetration of said projectile through a wall - Google Patents

Projectile, in particular an anti-infrastructure penetrating bomb and method for penetration of said projectile through a wall

Info

Publication number
EP1766323A1
EP1766323A1 EP05752648A EP05752648A EP1766323A1 EP 1766323 A1 EP1766323 A1 EP 1766323A1 EP 05752648 A EP05752648 A EP 05752648A EP 05752648 A EP05752648 A EP 05752648A EP 1766323 A1 EP1766323 A1 EP 1766323A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
projectile
perforating
target
propellant
tube
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Granted
Application number
EP05752648A
Other languages
German (de)
French (fr)
Other versions
EP1766323B1 (en
Inventor
D. Thales Intellectual Property SALIGNON
Claude Thales Intellectual Property GEORGET
Dominique Thales Intellectual Property LESNE
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
TDA Armements SAS
Original Assignee
TDA Armements SAS
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by TDA Armements SAS filed Critical TDA Armements SAS
Publication of EP1766323A1 publication Critical patent/EP1766323A1/en
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP1766323B1 publication Critical patent/EP1766323B1/en
Ceased legal-status Critical Current
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical

Links

Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F42—AMMUNITION; BLASTING
    • F42B—EXPLOSIVE CHARGES, e.g. FOR BLASTING, FIREWORKS, AMMUNITION
    • F42B12/00—Projectiles, missiles or mines characterised by the warhead, the intended effect, or the material
    • F42B12/02—Projectiles, missiles or mines characterised by the warhead, the intended effect, or the material characterised by the warhead or the intended effect
    • F42B12/36—Projectiles, missiles or mines characterised by the warhead, the intended effect, or the material characterised by the warhead or the intended effect for dispensing materials; for producing chemical or physical reaction; for signalling ; for transmitting information
    • F42B12/56—Projectiles, missiles or mines characterised by the warhead, the intended effect, or the material characterised by the warhead or the intended effect for dispensing materials; for producing chemical or physical reaction; for signalling ; for transmitting information for dispensing discrete solid bodies
    • F42B12/58—Cluster or cargo ammunition, i.e. projectiles containing one or more submissiles
    • F42B12/62—Cluster or cargo ammunition, i.e. projectiles containing one or more submissiles the submissiles being ejected parallel to the longitudinal axis of the projectile
    • F42B12/625—Cluster or cargo ammunition, i.e. projectiles containing one or more submissiles the submissiles being ejected parallel to the longitudinal axis of the projectile a single submissile arranged in a carrier missile for being launched or accelerated coaxially; Coaxial tandem arrangement of missiles which are active in the target one after the other
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F42—AMMUNITION; BLASTING
    • F42B—EXPLOSIVE CHARGES, e.g. FOR BLASTING, FIREWORKS, AMMUNITION
    • F42B15/00—Self-propelled projectiles or missiles, e.g. rockets; Guided missiles
    • F42B15/36—Means for interconnecting rocket-motor and body section; Multi-stage connectors; Disconnecting means
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F42—AMMUNITION; BLASTING
    • F42C—AMMUNITION FUZES; ARMING OR SAFETY MEANS THEREFOR
    • F42C11/00—Electric fuzes
    • F42C11/06—Electric fuzes with time delay by electric circuitry

Definitions

  • Projectile in particular anti-infrastructure penetration bomb and method of penetrating such a projectile through a wall
  • the present invention relates to a penetrating projectile, in particular an anti-infrastructure penetration bomb. It is particularly applicable for crossing very thick walls made of non-metallic material such as concrete for example.
  • the invention also relates to a method of penetration applied to the above-mentioned projectile.
  • a bomb is carried by a rocket.
  • a rocket basically has three parts. At the front it contains its guidance system and at the rear its engine for propulsion. Between these two elements lies the military charge, in other words essentially the bomb.
  • the military charge in other words essentially the bomb.
  • the dimensions and weight of the rockets are fixed as well as their speed. It follows that the volume, weight and speed of the bomb are also frozen, whatever the performance required. In particular, the kinetic energy cannot be increased in order to obtain new, even more advanced performances.
  • One solution could consist in strengthening the structural strength of the body of the bomb, for example by tripling its thickness. Another solution could also use a dense material with significant reduction in diameter. These solutions nevertheless have drawbacks.
  • the first solution notably prevents making a general purpose bomb body against surface or buried threats.
  • the second solution leads to a very expensive bomb body and in fact to a very ineffective bomb because the mass of on-board explosive is then reduced by more than half compared to a normal steel body.
  • An object of the invention is in particular to allow a bomb of relatively low structural mechanical strength to pass through increasingly thick or resistant walls.
  • the subject of the invention is a penetrating projectile comprising: - an inner tube in which is placed a perforating projectile comprising at least one body equipped with a pyrotechnic charge and a propellant body, the body of the perforating projectile being ejected out the tube by firing the propellant body; a system for controlling the firing of the propellant body before the impact of the projectile penetrating a target.
  • the perforating projectile comprises for example a system which determines its position inside the target as a function of time and which triggers the detonation of its pyrotechnic charge at a predetermined instant.
  • This system determines, for example, the position of the perforator from its characteristics of the deceleration levels in the target material and its speed at the point of impact on the target.
  • the inner tube comprises at least two sections of different calibers, the smaller caliber section being oriented towards the exit of the tube, the body of the perforating projectile being adapted to the exit caliber of the tube, the propellant body wedging at the transition of the two sections during the ejection of the body of the perforating projectile.
  • the transition between the two sections for example forms a cone so that the envelope of the propellant body is welded by friction on the cone.
  • the body of the perforating projectile can be fixed to the casing of the propellant body by pins.
  • the projectile comprises in particular a pyrotechnic charge placed between its body and the tube containing the perforating projectile.
  • the invention also relates to a method of penetrating a projectile according to the preceding characteristics, inside a target, in particular a concrete wall.
  • a target in particular a concrete wall.
  • the perforating projectile is ejected from the tube by firing its propellant body when the projectile is located at a given distance d from the target; the perforating projectile penetrating before the projectile into the target, the perforating projectile detonates inside the target by firing its pyrotechnic charge to create an orifice for passage to the body of the projectile.
  • the perforating projectile detonates for example in the middle of the target.
  • the main advantages of the invention are that it can be implemented at constant volume, mass and speed compared to current solutions, that it makes it possible to increase the angle of arrival angle of arrival of the body. a bomb on a wall, and that it increases the charge of on-board explosive.
  • FIG. 1 an example of rocket structure
  • FIG. 2 a possible embodiment of a projectile according to the invention
  • - Figure 3 an embodiment of a perforating projectile contained inside the previous projectile
  • FIG. 4 the situation of the rocket containing a projectile according to the invention, when the rocket is launched and when the projectile is ejected from the rocket
  • FIGS. 5a to 5f an illustration of the penetration method according to the invention
  • FIG. 6 the propellant body of the perforating projectile stuck at the exit of the projectile preventing debris from penetrating inside
  • FIG. 7 an illustration of the wide range of incidence of a projectile according to the invention on a wall.
  • FIG. 1 represents the structure of a rocket 1. As indicated above, it essentially consists of three parts 2, 3, 4. The front of the rocket comprises the guide means 2 and the rear comprises the propulsion means 3. Between the two is located the penetrating projectile 4, for example a military charge such as a bomb.
  • the fact that the rocket envelope is frozen as well as the overall mass means that the volume and the mass devoted to the penetrating projectile 4 are also fixed, insofar as it is hardly possible moreover to reduce the allocated parts the guide means and the propulsion means.
  • the structural mechanical strength of the penetrating body cannot therefore be appreciably increased.
  • the speed of the penetrating body is fixed by the speed of the rocket 1.
  • FIG. 2 shows, in a cross-sectional view, an embodiment of a projectile according to the invention.
  • the projectile is a bomb.
  • FIG. 2 therefore presents a bomb 10 which can be contained in the space allocated to the penetrating body 4 in the rocket of FIG. 1 while exhibiting great penetration performance.
  • the bomb has a body 21 inside which a tube 22 is placed.
  • the tube 22 comprises for example a wedge cone 221 making the transition between a first section 222 of tube and an outlet section 223 of smaller caliber, oriented towards the front of the bomb body.
  • the bomb body 21 being symmetrical in revolution, the axis 20 of the tube 22 merges, for example, with the axis of the body 21.
  • the pyrotechnic charge 23 is placed inside the bomb body 21 around the tube 22.
  • the charge 23 is contained inside a sheath 24, placed between the interior face of the bomb body 21 and the tube 22.
  • a priming relay 25, for example of toric shape, located inside the charge pyrotechnic 23 enables the firing of the latter.
  • the rear of the pyrotechnic charge 23 and closed by a wall 27 occupying the space between the interior face of the bomb body and the tube.
  • a base 20 closes the rear of the bomb body 21.
  • a striker 26 is placed in the base opposite the ignition relay 25, through the wall 27.
  • the striker 26 is controlled by an electronic unit 28, for example toroidal, also contained in the base 20.
  • a shock attenuator 29 is placed at the front of the pyrotechnic charge, wedged between the sheath 24 and the interior of the bomb body 21.
  • a hyperpunching perforator projectile 30 with pyrotechnic charge Inside the tube is arranged a hyperpunching perforator projectile 30 with pyrotechnic charge.
  • This perforator allows in particular the prior creation of a conduit in the wall to be crossed. To this end, when approaching the wall, the perforator comes out of the tube, thanks to its own propulsion means, with a speed significantly higher than that of the bomb body 21. Then it detonates once introduced inside the wall.
  • FIG. 3 shows, in a cross section, a possible embodiment of the perforating projectile 30.
  • This projectile has a co ⁇ s 31.
  • This body has for example at the front a .point 32 to facilitate penetration.
  • a pyrotechnic charge 33 Inside the body is placed a pyrotechnic charge 33.
  • a priming relay 34 is placed inside the charge 33.
  • a support 35 closes the space behind the pyrotechnic charge 33.
  • This support 35 comprises a striker 39 located opposite the priming relay 34 to achieve percussion priming which causes the ignition of the pyrotechnic charge 33.
  • the striker 39 is controlled by an electronic unit 36 also placed in the support 35.
  • a cover 37 closes the back of the body.
  • a propellant co 30s 301 is placed at the rear of the body of the projectile 31.
  • This propellant co ⁇ s 301 is held in the body of the projectile by means of pins 38.
  • the outer wall of the propellant body 301 extends inside a part of the wall of the projectile body itself extending beyond the cover 37.
  • the pins pass through the two walls opposite one another by means of holes provided for this purpose.
  • the propellant co comportes has a charge inside its casing 303 pyrotechnic 302.
  • This charge 302 is for example composed of plastic bars.
  • a cap 304 closes the rear of the propellant.
  • the plug 304 comes for example to screw on the casing 303 of the propellant co ⁇ s.
  • One or more lids 305 are pierced in the plug to allow a control link 306 to pass. This link is for example connected to an ignition pad 307 placed in contact with the pyrotechnic charge 302.
  • Wedging means 308 are for example placed between the plug 304 and the loading of the propellant co 30s 302.
  • the firing of the propellant co ⁇ s 301 causes the ejector projectile 30 to eject from the body tube 31.
  • FIG. 4 shows the rocket 1 in two places on its trajectory towards a concrete wall 42 in a system of x, y axes.
  • the positions relative to the self are indicated on an x-axis.
  • the y-axis represents the altitude of the rocket.
  • the scales of distances and altitudes are reduced compared to the scales of representation of the rocket and the slab.
  • the distance xi - x 0 is for example of the order of 20 meters.
  • the separation is carried out by an internal firing, the bomb 10 is then ejected from the rocket.
  • the position of the rocket relative to the wall 42 is for example determined by a proximity sensor located at the front of the rocket with the guide means.
  • FIGS. 5a to 5f illustrate the method according to the invention by presenting different phases of a bomb according to the invention in the approach and crossing phase of the wall 42.
  • FIG. 5a shows the moment of ignition of the charge 302 of the propellant body of the perforator 30 at the immediate approach of the target, in this case the wall 42.
  • the bomb is at a distance d less than distance xi - xn.
  • This distance d is for example of the order of 10 meters. Possibly the distances Xi - xo and d can be substantially the same.
  • the perforator 30 is therefore ejected from the bomb body 21 with a very high speed relative to this cost. For example, if the bomb moves at a speed of the order of 300 m / s, the perforator can go out with a relative speed of this order.
  • a timer placed for example in the electronic unit 28 of the body of the bomb can for example calculate a delay between the instant of ejection of the body of the bomb from the rocket and the instant of priming of the propellant body of the perforator, the instant of ejection of the cost of the bomb being itself determined for example by the guide means 2 located at the front of the rocket 1.
  • the control of the electronic unit 28 to the propellant body of the perforator is done for example by means of an electrical connection 306.
  • An electrical signal activates for example the ignition pad 307 which triggers the ignition of the pyrotechnic charge 302.
  • the figure 5b shows the flight of the perforator 30 to the wall 42, followed by the bomb body 21.
  • the ignition pad 307, the electrical connection 306 and the electronic unit make up a system for controlling the firing of the propellant body 301 before the impact of the bomb 10 on a target, the wall 42 in the example of FIGS. 5a to 5f. Another type of system could be used.
  • FIG. 5c shows the penetration of the perforator 30 into the wall 42.
  • the relative speed of the latter relative to the bomb body allows it to impact the wall 42 first.
  • FIG. 5d shows the detonation of the perforator 30 inside the wall, preferably in the middle, creating an orifice 51 passing through the wall 42.
  • the perforator comprises a system which determines its position at inside the wall as a function of time and which triggers the detonation of its pyrotechnic charge at a predetermined instant.
  • This system is for example contained in the electronic unit 36.
  • the detonation is caused by the ignition of the pyrotechnic charge 33.
  • the invention advantageously uses the fact that the concretes do not hold the tensile stress. This therefore allows them to be relatively easily destructured by a detonation of the perforator inside the wall, this internal detonation creating high tensile stresses.
  • An internal processor located in the electronic block 36 of the perforator can determine the moment of detonation of the perforator corresponding to its most effective position inside the wall, for example in the middle thereof.
  • a table is for example stored in the processor. This table contains the characteristics of the deceleration levels of an object entering a material. It can take into account several types of materials including of course concrete and even different types of concrete. Thus knowing the initial speed of the perforator 30 at the entry into the wall, at the point of impact, and the deceleration curve of the material of the latter, it is possible to know the penetration distance inside the wall in function and therefore its position.
  • An impact intelligence module of the “caiman” type is for example used.
  • FIG. 5e shows the penetration of the bomb shell 21 into the orifice 51 created by the perforator.
  • the amount of charge conveyed by the perforator 30 can be calculated to obtain an orifice adapted to the caliber of the bomb cost 21, that is to say ie in practice close to the caliber of the bomb cost.
  • the invention thus makes it possible to considerably reduce the stresses seen by the bomb body during its phase of penetration into the wall and thereby allows a bomb of relatively low structural mechanical strength to pass through increasingly thick walls or resistant.
  • By reducing the resistance of the mechanical structure of the bomb body it is then possible to increase the mass of on-board explosive, hence a stronger destructive power after crossing the wall.
  • FIG. 5f presents the bomb cost 21 after crossing the wall 42.
  • the bomb body can for example detonate by firing its pyrotechnic charge 23.
  • FIG. 6 highlights an advantage provided by the wedge cone 221 of the inner tube to the bomb shell. More particularly, FIG. 6 shows the maintenance of the propellant body of the perforator 30, in particular of the casing 303 of the propellant body 301, in the tube by wedging the latter at the level of the wedging cone 221.
  • the casing 303 the diameter is greater than the gauge of the outlet section of the tube, under the effect of speed, comes to weld by friction on the internal cone of the tube. This avoids any potential intrusion of rubble into the shell of the bomb.
  • the maintenance of the propellant body is reinforced by the confinement within the tube of all of the propellant gases.
  • the envelope 303 remains welded to the tube while the shell 31 of the perforator, adapted to the output caliber of the tube 22, is ejected from the tube.
  • the body 31 of the perforator is detached from the casing 303 of the propellant body by shearing of the pins 38 which fix the two bodies together.
  • the casing of the propellant co ⁇ s therefore forms a protective wall. Indeed, as has just been indicated previously, it thus prevents any intrusion of rubble or debris 52 inside the bomb body during the phase of penetration of the latter into the wall. Such debris, generated in particular during the detonation of the perforator 30 inside the wall as illustrated in FIG. 5 e , could indeed cause parasitic explosions. Furthermore, the resistance of the wall to external intrusions, in addition to the effect of friction welding, is reinforced by the internal pressure generated by the combustion gases in the tube 22. In other words, the function d sealing provided to the propellant body makes it possible to conserve the combustion gases within the tube which, by their thrust, reinforce the resistance of the weld.
  • Figure 7 illustrates another advantage of the invention.
  • this figure shows that the invention makes it possible to increase the angle of incidence angle of arrival of the bomb cost 21 on a wall 71.
  • This entry face 73 in particular avoids the ricochets of the bomb body on the wall when the angle of incidence ⁇ of its speed vector on the wall is too small. If this angle ⁇ is still much too small there will nevertheless be an impact.
  • the perforator 30 which is thinner and faster than the bomb cost can penetrate the wall even for small angles of incidence, the bomb body benefiting from the orifice created by the perforator and therefore having a range of expanded incidence.
  • the invention has been described for the production of a penetration bomb inside an infrastructure. It can nevertheless be applied to other types of projectiles intended to penetrate an infrastructure by crossing a thick wall.
  • the invention makes it possible in particular to pass through concrete walls with a high modulus of rupture in compression, which can reach for example 200 Mpa.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Aviation & Aerospace Engineering (AREA)
  • Drilling And Exploitation, And Mining Machines And Methods (AREA)

Abstract

The invention relates to a penetration projectile, in particular to an anti-infrastructure penetration bomb. A projectile penetration method is also disclosed. The inventive projectile consists of an internal tube (22) provided with a perforating projectile (30) which is arranged therein and comprises at least one body (31) provided with a pyrotechnic charge (33) and a propellant (301) for ejecting the perforation projectile body from the tube by a propellant (301) ignition and a system (28, 306, 307) for controlling the propellant ignition prior to the target through-penetration impact (10) of the projectile. Said invention is used, in particular for penetrating through extra thick walls made of non-metallic material such as concrete.

Description

Projectile, notamment bombe de pénétration anti-infrastructure et procédé de pénétration d'un tel projectile à travers une paroi Projectile, in particular anti-infrastructure penetration bomb and method of penetrating such a projectile through a wall
La présente invention concerne un projectile pénétrant, notamment une bombe de pénétration anti-infrastructure. Elle s'applique notamment pour la traversée de parois très épaisses en matériau non métallique tel que le béton par exemple. L'invention concerne également un procédé de pénétration appliqué au projectile précité.The present invention relates to a penetrating projectile, in particular an anti-infrastructure penetration bomb. It is particularly applicable for crossing very thick walls made of non-metallic material such as concrete for example. The invention also relates to a method of penetration applied to the above-mentioned projectile.
Il est connu de réaliser des bombes à haut pouvoir de pénétration, notamment pour traverser des parois en béton à haut module de rupture à la compression. L'épaisseur de telles parois peut atteindre 1,5 mètres, voire plus. Le module de rupture à la compression peut être de l'ordre de 40 à 45 MPa, et des bétons récents ont des modules de rupture à la compression qui dépassent largement 100 MPa. Les besoins opérationnels de traversée de parois en bétons peuvent conduire à des niveaux de performances de plus en plus élevées pour les bombes de pénétration. En particulier il peut être exigé que celles-ci traversent des parois en béton de plus en plus épaisses avec modules de rupture à la compression de plus en plus élevés. Classiquement le pouvoir de pénétration d'une bombe dépend de son énergie cinétique. Il s'ensuit que plus les difficultés de pénétrationIt is known to produce bombs with high penetrating power, in particular for crossing concrete walls with a high modulus of rupture in compression. The thickness of such walls can reach 1.5 meters or more. The modulus of rupture in compression can be of the order of 40 to 45 MPa, and recent concretes have moduli of rupture in compression which largely exceed 100 MPa. The operational requirements for crossing concrete walls can lead to higher and higher performance levels for penetration bombs. In particular, it may be required that these pass through increasingly thick concrete walls with increasingly high compression moduli. Conventionally, the penetrating power of a bomb depends on its kinetic energy. It follows that the more the penetration difficulties
•w augmentent, par augmentation de l'épaisseur du béton et/ou de sa résistance notamment, plus il est logique d'augmenter l'énergie cinétique de la bombe, en jouant par exemple sur sa masse et ou sa vitesse. Cependant, ces grandeurs ne peuvent pas être augmentées librement. Pour atteindre son objectif, une bombe est véhiculée par une roquette. Une roquette comporte essentiellement trois parties. A l'avant elle contient son système de guidage et à l'arrière son moteur pour la propulsion. Entre ces deux éléments se situe la charge militaire, autrement dit essentiellement la bombe. Pour des raisons de polyvalence, de standardisation des rampes de lancement ou de standardisation des stations de tirs, les dimensions et le poids des roquettes sont figées ainsi que leur vitesse. Il s'ensuit que le volume, le poids et la vitesse de la bombe sont aussi figées, quelles que soient les performances demandées. En particulier l'énergie cinétique ne peut pas être augmentée en vue d'obtenir de nouvelles performances, encore plus poussées. Une solution pourrait consister à renforcer la tenue structurale du corps de la bombe, par exemple en triplant son épaisseur. Une autre solution pourrait encore employer un matériau dense avec réduction significative du diamètre. Ces solutions comportent néanmoins des inconvénients. La première solution empêche notamment de faire un corps de bombe polyvalent vis à vis de menaces de surfaces ou enterrées. La deuxième solution conduit à un corps de bombe très cher et de fait à une bombe très peu efficace car la masse d'explosif embarquée est alors réduite de plus de moitié par rapport à un corps normal en acier. • w increase, by increasing the thickness of the concrete and / or its resistance in particular, the more it makes sense to increase the kinetic energy of the bomb, for example by varying its mass and or its speed. However, these quantities cannot be increased freely. To achieve its objective, a bomb is carried by a rocket. A rocket basically has three parts. At the front it contains its guidance system and at the rear its engine for propulsion. Between these two elements lies the military charge, in other words essentially the bomb. For reasons of versatility, standardization of launching ramps or standardization of firing stations, the dimensions and weight of the rockets are fixed as well as their speed. It follows that the volume, weight and speed of the bomb are also frozen, whatever the performance required. In particular, the kinetic energy cannot be increased in order to obtain new, even more advanced performances. One solution could consist in strengthening the structural strength of the body of the bomb, for example by tripling its thickness. Another solution could also use a dense material with significant reduction in diameter. These solutions nevertheless have drawbacks. The first solution notably prevents making a general purpose bomb body against surface or buried threats. The second solution leads to a very expensive bomb body and in fact to a very ineffective bomb because the mass of on-board explosive is then reduced by more than half compared to a normal steel body.
Un but de l'invention est notamment de permettre à une bombe de relativement faible résistance mécanique structurale de traverser des parois de plus en plus épaisses ou résistantes.An object of the invention is in particular to allow a bomb of relatively low structural mechanical strength to pass through increasingly thick or resistant walls.
A cet effet, l'invention a pour objet un projectile pénétrant comportant : - un tube intérieur dans lequel est placé un projectile perforateur comportant au moins un corps équipé d'une charge pyrotechnique et un corps propulseur, le corps du projectile perforateur étant éjecté hors du tube par mise à feu du corps propulseur ; un système permettant de commander la mise à feu du corps propulseur avant l'impact du projectile pénétrant sur une cible.To this end, the subject of the invention is a penetrating projectile comprising: - an inner tube in which is placed a perforating projectile comprising at least one body equipped with a pyrotechnic charge and a propellant body, the body of the perforating projectile being ejected out the tube by firing the propellant body; a system for controlling the firing of the propellant body before the impact of the projectile penetrating a target.
Le projectile perforateur comporte par exemple un système qui détermine sa position à l'intérieur de la cible en fonction du temps et qui déclenche la détonation de sa charge pyrotechnique à un instant prédéterminé. Ce système détermine par exemple la position du perforateur à partir de ses caractéristiques des niveaux de décélération dans le matériau de la cible et de sa vitesse au point d'impact sur la cible.The perforating projectile comprises for example a system which determines its position inside the target as a function of time and which triggers the detonation of its pyrotechnic charge at a predetermined instant. This system determines, for example, the position of the perforator from its characteristics of the deceleration levels in the target material and its speed at the point of impact on the target.
Avantageusement, le tube intérieur comporte au moins deux sections de calibres différents, la section de plus petit calibre étant orientée vers la sortie du tube, le corps du projectile perforateur étant adapté au calibre de sortie du tube, le corps propulseur se coinçant au niveau de la transition des deux sections lors de l'éjection du corps du projectile perforateur. La transition entre les deux sections forme par exemple un cône de façon à ce que l'enveloppe du corps propulseur se soude par friction sur le cône. Le corps du projectile perforateur peut être fixé à l'enveloppe du corps propulseur par des goupilles.Advantageously, the inner tube comprises at least two sections of different calibers, the smaller caliber section being oriented towards the exit of the tube, the body of the perforating projectile being adapted to the exit caliber of the tube, the propellant body wedging at the transition of the two sections during the ejection of the body of the perforating projectile. The transition between the two sections for example forms a cone so that the envelope of the propellant body is welded by friction on the cone. The body of the perforating projectile can be fixed to the casing of the propellant body by pins.
Le projectile comporte en particulier une charge pyrotechnique placée entre son corps et le tube contenant le projectile perforateur.The projectile comprises in particular a pyrotechnic charge placed between its body and the tube containing the perforating projectile.
L'invention a également pour objet un procédé de pénétration d'un projectile selon les caractéristiques précédentes, à l'intérieur d'une cible, notamment une paroi en béton. Selon ce procédé : - le projectile perforateur est éjecté du tube par mise à feu de son corps propulseur lorsque le projectile se situe à une distance d donnée de la cible ; - le projectile perforateur pénétrant avant le projectile dans la cible, le projectile perforateur détonne à l'intérieur de la cible par mise à feu de sa charge pyrotechnique pour créer un orifice de passage au corps du projectile.The invention also relates to a method of penetrating a projectile according to the preceding characteristics, inside a target, in particular a concrete wall. According to this process: - the perforating projectile is ejected from the tube by firing its propellant body when the projectile is located at a given distance d from the target; the perforating projectile penetrating before the projectile into the target, the perforating projectile detonates inside the target by firing its pyrotechnic charge to create an orifice for passage to the body of the projectile.
Avantageusement, le projectile perforateur détonne par exemple au milieu de la cible.Advantageously, the perforating projectile detonates for example in the middle of the target.
L'invention a pour principaux avantages qu'elle peut être mise en œuvre à volume, masse et vitesses constants par rapport aux solutions actuelles, qu'elle permet d'augmenter le domaine d'angle d'incidence d'arrivée du corps d'une bombe sur une paroi, et qu'elle permet d'augmenter la charge d'explosif embarquée.The main advantages of the invention are that it can be implemented at constant volume, mass and speed compared to current solutions, that it makes it possible to increase the angle of arrival angle of arrival of the body. a bomb on a wall, and that it increases the charge of on-board explosive.
D'autres caractéristiques et avantages de l'invention apparaîtront à l'aide de la description qui suit faite en regard de dessins annexés qui représentent : - la figure 1 , un exemple de structure de roquette ; - la figure 2, un exemple de réalisation possible d'un projectile selon l'invention ; - la figure 3, un exemple de réalisation d'un projectile perforateur contenu à l'intérieur du projectile précédent ; la figure 4, la situation de la roquette contenant un projectile selon l'invention, au lancement de la roquette et à l'éjection du projectile de la roquette ; les figures 5a à 5f, une illustration du procédé de pénétration selon l'invention ; la figure 6, le corps propulseur du projectile perforateur coincé en sortie du projectile empêchant des débris de pénétrer à l'intérieur ; la figure 7, une illustration du large domaine d'incidence d'un projectile selon l'invention sur une paroi.Other characteristics and advantages of the invention will become apparent with the aid of the description which follows given with reference to the appended drawings which represent: - Figure 1, an example of rocket structure; - Figure 2, a possible embodiment of a projectile according to the invention; - Figure 3, an embodiment of a perforating projectile contained inside the previous projectile; FIG. 4, the situation of the rocket containing a projectile according to the invention, when the rocket is launched and when the projectile is ejected from the rocket; FIGS. 5a to 5f, an illustration of the penetration method according to the invention; FIG. 6, the propellant body of the perforating projectile stuck at the exit of the projectile preventing debris from penetrating inside; FIG. 7, an illustration of the wide range of incidence of a projectile according to the invention on a wall.
La figure 1 représente la structure d'une roquette 1. Comme il a été indiqué précédemment, celle-ci se compose essentiellement de trois parties 2, 3, 4. L'avant de la roquette comporte les moyens de guidage 2 et l'arrière comporte les moyens de propulsion 3. Entre les deux se situe le projectile pénétrant 4, par exemple une charge militaire telle qu'une bombe. Le fait que l'enveloppe de la roquette soit figée ainsi que la masse globale entraîne que le volume et la masse consacrés au projectile pénétrant 4 sont eux aussi fixés, dans la mesure où il n'est guère possible par ailleurs de diminuer les parties allouées aux moyens de guidage et aux moyens de propulsion. La résistance mécanique structurale du corps pénétrant ne peut donc pas être sensiblement augmentée. De même la vitesse du corps pénétrant est fixée par la vitesse de la roquette 1.FIG. 1 represents the structure of a rocket 1. As indicated above, it essentially consists of three parts 2, 3, 4. The front of the rocket comprises the guide means 2 and the rear comprises the propulsion means 3. Between the two is located the penetrating projectile 4, for example a military charge such as a bomb. The fact that the rocket envelope is frozen as well as the overall mass means that the volume and the mass devoted to the penetrating projectile 4 are also fixed, insofar as it is hardly possible moreover to reduce the allocated parts the guide means and the propulsion means. The structural mechanical strength of the penetrating body cannot therefore be appreciably increased. Similarly, the speed of the penetrating body is fixed by the speed of the rocket 1.
La figure 2 présente, par une vue en coupe transversale, un exemple de réalisation d'un projectile selon l'invention. Pour la suite de la description on considère que le projectile est une bombe. La figure 2 présente donc une bombe 10 qui peut être contenue dans l'espace alloué au corps pénétrant 4 dans la roquette de la figure 1 tout en présentant de grandes performances de pénétration. La bombe comporte un corps 21 à l'intérieur duquel est placé un tube 22. Le tube 22 comporte par exemple un cône de coincement 221 faisant la transition entre une première section 222 de tube et une section de sortie 223 de calibre plus réduit, orientée vers l'avant du corps de bombe.Figure 2 shows, in a cross-sectional view, an embodiment of a projectile according to the invention. For the rest of the description, it is considered that the projectile is a bomb. FIG. 2 therefore presents a bomb 10 which can be contained in the space allocated to the penetrating body 4 in the rocket of FIG. 1 while exhibiting great penetration performance. The bomb has a body 21 inside which a tube 22 is placed. The tube 22 comprises for example a wedge cone 221 making the transition between a first section 222 of tube and an outlet section 223 of smaller caliber, oriented towards the front of the bomb body.
Le corps de bombe 21 étant à symétrie de révolution, l'axe 20 du tube 22 se confond par exemple avec l'axe du corps 21. Le chargement pyrotechnique 23 est disposé à l'intérieur du corps de bombe 21 autour du tube 22. La charge 23 est contenue à l'intérieur d'une gaine 24, placée entre la face intérieure du corps de bombe 21 et le tube 22. Un relais d'amorçage 25, par exemple de forme torique, situé à l'intérieur de la charge pyrotechnique 23 permet d'enclencher la mise à feu de cette dernière. L'arrière de la charge pyrotechnique 23 et fermée par une paroi 27 occupant l'espace entre la face intérieure du corps de bombe et le tube. Un culot 20 vient fermer l'arrière du corps de bombe 21. Un percuteur 26 est placé dans le culot en regard du relais d'amorçage 25, à travers la paroi 27. Le percuteur 26 est commandé par un bloc électronique 28, par exemple de forme torique, lui aussi contenu dans le culot 20. Un atténuateur de choc 29 est placé à l'avant de la charge pyrotechnique, coincée entre la gaine 24 et l'intérieur du corps de bombe 21. A l'intérieur du tube est disposé un projectile perforateur hyper véloce 30 à charge pyrotechnique. Ce perforateur permet notamment la création préalable d'un conduit dans la paroi à traverser. A cet effet, à l'approche de la paroi le perforateur sort du tube, grâce à ses moyens de propulsion propre, avec une vitesse nettement supérieure à celle du corps de bombe 21. Puis il détonne une fois introduit à l'intérieur de la paroi.The bomb body 21 being symmetrical in revolution, the axis 20 of the tube 22 merges, for example, with the axis of the body 21. The pyrotechnic charge 23 is placed inside the bomb body 21 around the tube 22. The charge 23 is contained inside a sheath 24, placed between the interior face of the bomb body 21 and the tube 22. A priming relay 25, for example of toric shape, located inside the charge pyrotechnic 23 enables the firing of the latter. The rear of the pyrotechnic charge 23 and closed by a wall 27 occupying the space between the interior face of the bomb body and the tube. A base 20 closes the rear of the bomb body 21. A striker 26 is placed in the base opposite the ignition relay 25, through the wall 27. The striker 26 is controlled by an electronic unit 28, for example toroidal, also contained in the base 20. A shock attenuator 29 is placed at the front of the pyrotechnic charge, wedged between the sheath 24 and the interior of the bomb body 21. Inside the tube is arranged a hyperpunching perforator projectile 30 with pyrotechnic charge. This perforator allows in particular the prior creation of a conduit in the wall to be crossed. To this end, when approaching the wall, the perforator comes out of the tube, thanks to its own propulsion means, with a speed significantly higher than that of the bomb body 21. Then it detonates once introduced inside the wall.
La figure 3 présente, par une coupe transversale, un exemple de réalisation possible du projectile perforateur 30. Ce projectile comporte un coφs 31. Ce corps présente par exemple à l'avant une .pointe 32 pour faciliter la pénétration. A l'intérieur du corps est placé une charge pyrotechnique 33. Un relais d'amorçage 34 est placé à l'intérieur de la charge 33. Un support 35 ferme l'espace à l'arrière de la charge pyrotechnique 33. Ce support 35 comporte un percuteur 39 situé en regard du relais d'amorçage 34 pour réaliser un amorçage par percussion qui entraîne la mise à feu de la charge pyrotechnique 33. Le percuteur 39 est commandé par un bloc électronique 36 lui aussi placé dans le support 35. Un couvercle 37 ferme l'arrière du corps. Un coφs propulseur 301 est placé à l'arrière du corps du projectile 31. Ce coφs propulseur 301 est maintenu au corps du projectile au moyen de goupilles 38. Pour cela la paroi extérieure du corps propulseur 301 se prolonge à l'intérieur d'une partie de paroi du corps du projectile se prolongeant elle-même au-delà du couvercle 37. Les goupilles traversent les deux parois en regard l'une de l'autre grâce à des trous prévus à cet effet. Le coφs propulseur comporte à l'intérieur de son enveloppe 303 une charge pyrotechnique 302. Cette charge 302 est par exemple composée de pains de plastique. Un bouchon 304 ferme l'arrière du coφs propulseur. Le bouchon 304 vient par exemple se visser sur l'enveloppe 303 du coφs propulseur. Un ou plusieurs opercules 305 sont percés dans le bouchon pour laisser passer une liaison de commande 306. Cette liaison est par exemple reliée à une pastille d'allumage 307 placée au contact de la charge pyrotechnique 302. Des moyens de calage 308 sont par exemple placés entre le bouchon 304 et le chargement du coφs propulseur 302.Figure 3 shows, in a cross section, a possible embodiment of the perforating projectile 30. This projectile has a coφs 31. This body has for example at the front a .point 32 to facilitate penetration. Inside the body is placed a pyrotechnic charge 33. A priming relay 34 is placed inside the charge 33. A support 35 closes the space behind the pyrotechnic charge 33. This support 35 comprises a striker 39 located opposite the priming relay 34 to achieve percussion priming which causes the ignition of the pyrotechnic charge 33. The striker 39 is controlled by an electronic unit 36 also placed in the support 35. A cover 37 closes the back of the body. A propellant co 30s 301 is placed at the rear of the body of the projectile 31. This propellant coφs 301 is held in the body of the projectile by means of pins 38. For this the outer wall of the propellant body 301 extends inside a part of the wall of the projectile body itself extending beyond the cover 37. The pins pass through the two walls opposite one another by means of holes provided for this purpose. The propellant co comportes has a charge inside its casing 303 pyrotechnic 302. This charge 302 is for example composed of plastic bars. A cap 304 closes the rear of the propellant. The plug 304 comes for example to screw on the casing 303 of the propellant coφs. One or more lids 305 are pierced in the plug to allow a control link 306 to pass. This link is for example connected to an ignition pad 307 placed in contact with the pyrotechnic charge 302. Wedging means 308 are for example placed between the plug 304 and the loading of the propellant co 30s 302.
La mise à feu du coφs propulseur 301 entraîne l'éjection hors du tube du corps 31 du projectile perforateur 30.The firing of the propellant coφs 301 causes the ejector projectile 30 to eject from the body tube 31.
La figure 4 présente la roquette 1 en deux endroits de sa trajectoire vers une paroi en béton 42 dans un système d'axes x, y. Les positions par rapport au soi sont indiquées sur un axe des abscisses x. L'axe des ordonnées y représente l'altitude de la roquette. Pour des questions de facilité de représentation, les échelles des distances et des altitudes sont réduites par rapport aux échelles de représentation de la roquette et de la dalle. A la position de départ, position d'abscisse 0, la roquette munie de sa bombe 10 est placée en vue de son lancement. La paroi en béton est située à une distance xi de la position de départ. La roquette est propulsée par ses moyens de propulsion 3 situés à l'arrière. A une distance Xo inférieure à xi la bombe est séparée de la roquette. La distance xi - x0 est par exemple de l'ordre de 20 mètres. La séparation s'effectue par une mise à feu interne, la bombe 10 se trouve alors éjectée de la roquette. La position de la roquette par rapport à la paroi 42 est par exemple déterminée par un capteur de proximité situé à l'avant de la roquette avec les moyens de guidage.FIG. 4 shows the rocket 1 in two places on its trajectory towards a concrete wall 42 in a system of x, y axes. The positions relative to the self are indicated on an x-axis. The y-axis represents the altitude of the rocket. For reasons of ease of representation, the scales of distances and altitudes are reduced compared to the scales of representation of the rocket and the slab. In the starting position, abscissa position 0, the rocket equipped with its bomb 10 is placed for its launch. The concrete wall is located at a distance xi from the starting position. The rocket is propelled by its propulsion means 3 located at the rear. At a distance Xo less than xi the bomb is separated from the rocket. The distance xi - x 0 is for example of the order of 20 meters. The separation is carried out by an internal firing, the bomb 10 is then ejected from the rocket. The position of the rocket relative to the wall 42 is for example determined by a proximity sensor located at the front of the rocket with the guide means.
Les figures 5a à 5f illustrent le procédé selon l'invention en présentant différentes phases d'une bombe selon l'invention en phase d'approche et de traversée de la paroi 42.FIGS. 5a to 5f illustrate the method according to the invention by presenting different phases of a bomb according to the invention in the approach and crossing phase of the wall 42.
La figure 5a présente l'instant de mise à feu du chargement 302 du corps propulseur du perforateur 30 à l'approche immédiate de la cible en l'occurrence la paroi 42. A cet instant, la bombe est à une distance d inférieure à la distance xi - xn. Cette distance d est par exemple de l'ordre de 10 mètres. Eventuellement les distances Xi - xo et d peuvent être sensiblement les mêmes. A l'instant de mise à feu, le perforateur 30 est donc éjecté du corps de bombe 21 avec une très grande vitesse relative à ce coφs. A titre d'exemple, si la bombe se déplace à une vitesse de l'ordre de 300 m/s, le perforateur peut sortir avec une vitesse relative de cet ordre. Il en résulte une vitesse absolue par rapport à la paroi par exemple de l'ordre de 600 à 700 m/s. Plusieurs solutions sont possibles pour déterminer l'instant d'amorçage du corps propulseur du perforateur 30, c'est-à-dire l'instant d'éjection du perforateur du corps de bombe 21. Un temporisateur placé par exemple dans le bloc électronique 28 du corps de bombe peut par exemple calculer un délai entre l'instant d'éjection du corps de bombe de la roquette et l'instant d'amorçage du corps propulseur du perforateur, l'instant d'éjection du coφs de bombe étant lui déterminé par exemple par les moyens de guidage 2 situés à l'avant de la roquette 1. Connaissant la vitesse du corps de bombe et la distance xi - xo de ce dernier à la paroi à l'instant d'amorçage, il est alors possible de déterminer la durée de temporisation pour que l'éjection du perforateur se produise sensiblement à la distance d souhaitée de la paroi. La commande du bloc électronique 28 au corps propulseur du perforateur se fait par exemple au moyen d'une liaison électrique 306. Un signal électrique active par exemple la pastille d'allumage 307 qui enclenche la mise à feu de la charge pyrotechnique 302. La figure 5b présente le vol du perforateur 30 jusqu'à la paroi 42, suivi par le corps de bombe 21. La pastille d'allumage 307, la liaison électrique 306 et le bloc électronique composent un système permettant de commander la mise à feu du corps propulseur 301 avant l'impact de la bombe 10 sur une cible, la paroi 42 dans l'exemple des figures 5a à 5f. Un autre type système pourrait être utilisé.FIG. 5a shows the moment of ignition of the charge 302 of the propellant body of the perforator 30 at the immediate approach of the target, in this case the wall 42. At this instant, the bomb is at a distance d less than distance xi - xn. This distance d is for example of the order of 10 meters. Possibly the distances Xi - xo and d can be substantially the same. At the time of ignition, the perforator 30 is therefore ejected from the bomb body 21 with a very high speed relative to this cost. For example, if the bomb moves at a speed of the order of 300 m / s, the perforator can go out with a relative speed of this order. This results in an absolute speed with respect to the wall, for example of the order of 600 to 700 m / s. Several solutions are possible for determining the instant of priming of the propellant body of the perforator 30, that is to say the instant of ejection of the perforator from the bomb body 21. A timer placed for example in the electronic unit 28 of the body of the bomb can for example calculate a delay between the instant of ejection of the body of the bomb from the rocket and the instant of priming of the propellant body of the perforator, the instant of ejection of the cost of the bomb being itself determined for example by the guide means 2 located at the front of the rocket 1. Knowing the speed of the bomb body and the distance xi - xo of the latter to the wall at the time of initiation, it is then possible to determine the delay time for the ejection of the perforator to occur substantially at the desired distance d from the wall. The control of the electronic unit 28 to the propellant body of the perforator is done for example by means of an electrical connection 306. An electrical signal activates for example the ignition pad 307 which triggers the ignition of the pyrotechnic charge 302. The figure 5b shows the flight of the perforator 30 to the wall 42, followed by the bomb body 21. The ignition pad 307, the electrical connection 306 and the electronic unit make up a system for controlling the firing of the propellant body 301 before the impact of the bomb 10 on a target, the wall 42 in the example of FIGS. 5a to 5f. Another type of system could be used.
La figure 5c présente la pénétration du perforateur 30 dans la paroi 42. La vitesse relative de ce dernier par rapport au corps de bombe lui permet d'impacter en premier la paroi 42.FIG. 5c shows the penetration of the perforator 30 into the wall 42. The relative speed of the latter relative to the bomb body allows it to impact the wall 42 first.
La figure 5d présente la détonation du perforateur 30 à l'intérieur de la paroi, de préférence au milieu, créant un orifice 51 traversant la paroi 42. A cet effet, le perforateur comporte un système qui détermine sa position à l'intérieur de la paroi en fonction du temps et qui déclenche la détonation de sa charge pyrotechnique à un instant prédéterminé. Ce système est par exemple contenu dans le bloc électronique 36. La détonation est provoquée par la mise à feu de la charge pyrotechnique 33. L'invention utilise avantageusement le fait que les bétons ne tiennent pas la contrainte de traction. Ceci permet donc de les déstructurer relativement facilement par une détonation du perforateur à l'intérieur de la paroi, cette détonation intérieur créant de fortes contraintes de traction. Un processeur interne situé dans le bloc électronique 36 du perforateur peut déterminer l'instant de détonation du perforateur correspondant à sa position la plus efficace à l'intérieur de la paroi, par exemple au milieu de celle-ci. A cet effet une table est par exemple mémorisée dans le processeur. Cette table comporte les caractéristiques des niveaux de décélération d'un objet pénétrant dans un matériau. Elle peut prendre en compte plusieurs types de matériaux dont bien sûr le béton et même différents types de béton. Ainsi connaissant la vitesse initiale du perforateur 30 à l'entrée dans la paroi, au point d'impact, et la courbe de décélération du matériau de cette dernière, il est possible de connaître la distance de pénétration à l'intérieur de la paroi en fonction et donc sa position. Un module d'intelligence d'impact de type « caïman » est par exemple utilisé.FIG. 5d shows the detonation of the perforator 30 inside the wall, preferably in the middle, creating an orifice 51 passing through the wall 42. For this purpose, the perforator comprises a system which determines its position at inside the wall as a function of time and which triggers the detonation of its pyrotechnic charge at a predetermined instant. This system is for example contained in the electronic unit 36. The detonation is caused by the ignition of the pyrotechnic charge 33. The invention advantageously uses the fact that the concretes do not hold the tensile stress. This therefore allows them to be relatively easily destructured by a detonation of the perforator inside the wall, this internal detonation creating high tensile stresses. An internal processor located in the electronic block 36 of the perforator can determine the moment of detonation of the perforator corresponding to its most effective position inside the wall, for example in the middle thereof. For this purpose, a table is for example stored in the processor. This table contains the characteristics of the deceleration levels of an object entering a material. It can take into account several types of materials including of course concrete and even different types of concrete. Thus knowing the initial speed of the perforator 30 at the entry into the wall, at the point of impact, and the deceleration curve of the material of the latter, it is possible to know the penetration distance inside the wall in function and therefore its position. An impact intelligence module of the “caiman” type is for example used.
La figure 5e présente la pénétration du coφs de bombe 21 dans l'orifice 51 créé par le perforateur. La détonation du perforateur 30, par exemple au milieu de la paroi 42, crée cet orifice 51. La quantité de charge véhiculée par le perforateur 30 peut-être calculé pour obtenir un orifice adapté au calibre du coφs de bombe 21, c'est-à-dire en pratique proche du calibre du coφs de bombe. L'invention permet ainsi de réduire considérablement les contraintes vues par le corps de bombe pendant sa phase de pénétration dans la paroi et par-là même permet donc à une bombe de relativement faible résistance mécanique structurale de traverser des parois de plus en plus épaisses ou résistantes. En diminuant la résistance de la structure mécanique du corps de bombe il est possible alors d'augmenter la masse d'explosif embarqué d'où un pouvoir de destruction plus fort après traversée de la paroi. Ainsi il est par exemple possible d'augmenter la masse d'explosif embarquée d'environ 20%, ce qui entraîne une masse et une vitesse d'éclats accrus de 15% par exemple.FIG. 5e shows the penetration of the bomb shell 21 into the orifice 51 created by the perforator. The detonation of the perforator 30, for example in the middle of the wall 42, creates this orifice 51. The amount of charge conveyed by the perforator 30 can be calculated to obtain an orifice adapted to the caliber of the bomb cost 21, that is to say ie in practice close to the caliber of the bomb cost. The invention thus makes it possible to considerably reduce the stresses seen by the bomb body during its phase of penetration into the wall and thereby allows a bomb of relatively low structural mechanical strength to pass through increasingly thick walls or resistant. By reducing the resistance of the mechanical structure of the bomb body, it is then possible to increase the mass of on-board explosive, hence a stronger destructive power after crossing the wall. Thus it is for example possible to increase the mass of on-board explosive about 20%, which results in a mass and a speed of shards increased by 15% for example.
La figure 5f présente le coφs de bombe 21 après franchissement de la paroi 42. A cet instant le corps de bombe peut par exemple détonner par mise à feu de son chargement pyrotechnique 23.FIG. 5f presents the bomb cost 21 after crossing the wall 42. At this instant the bomb body can for example detonate by firing its pyrotechnic charge 23.
La figure 6 met en évidence un avantage apporté par le cône de coincement 221 du tube intérieur au coφs de bombe. Plus particulièrement, la figure 6 montre le maintien du corps propulseur du perforateur 30, en particulier de l'enveloppe 303 du corps propulseur 301, dans le tube par coincement de cette dernière au niveau du cône de coincement 221. L'enveloppe 303 dont le diamètre est supérieur au calibre de la section de sortie du tube, sous l'effet de la vitesse, vient se souder par friction sur le cône de coincement interne du tube. Ceci permet d'éviter toute intrusion potentielle de gravats dans le coφs de la bombe. Le maintien du corps propulseur est renforcé par le confinement au sein du tube de l'intégralité des gaz de propulsion. L'enveloppe 303 reste soudée au tube alors que le coφs 31 du perforateur, adapté au calibre de sortie du tube 22, est éjectée du tube. Le corps 31 du perforateur se détache de l'enveloppe 303 du corps propulseur par cisaillement des goupilles 38 qui fixent les deux corps entre eux.Figure 6 highlights an advantage provided by the wedge cone 221 of the inner tube to the bomb shell. More particularly, FIG. 6 shows the maintenance of the propellant body of the perforator 30, in particular of the casing 303 of the propellant body 301, in the tube by wedging the latter at the level of the wedging cone 221. The casing 303, the diameter is greater than the gauge of the outlet section of the tube, under the effect of speed, comes to weld by friction on the internal cone of the tube. This avoids any potential intrusion of rubble into the shell of the bomb. The maintenance of the propellant body is reinforced by the confinement within the tube of all of the propellant gases. The envelope 303 remains welded to the tube while the shell 31 of the perforator, adapted to the output caliber of the tube 22, is ejected from the tube. The body 31 of the perforator is detached from the casing 303 of the propellant body by shearing of the pins 38 which fix the two bodies together.
Avantageusement, l'enveloppe du coφs propulseur forme donc une paroi de protection. En effet, comme cela vient d'être indiqué précédemment, elle empêche ainsi toute intrusion de gravats ou débris 52 à l'intérieur du corps de bombe pendant la phase de pénétration de ce dernier dans la paroi. De tels débris, générés notamment lors de la détonation du perforateur 30 à l'intérieur de la paroi comme l'illustre la figure 5e, pourraient en effet provoquer des explosions parasites. Par ailleurs, la résistance de la paroi aux intrusions extérieures, en plus de l'effet de la soudure par friction, est renforcée par la pression interne générée par les gaz de combustion dans le tube 22. En d'autres termes, la fonction d'étanchéité apportée au corps propulseur permet de conserver les gaz de combustion au sein du tube qui, par leur poussée, renforcent la tenue de la soudure. La figure 7 illustre un autre avantage de l'invention. En particulier cette figure montre que l'invention permet d'augmenter le domaine d'angle d'incidence d'arrivée du coφs de bombe 21 sur une paroi 71. L'orifice 72 créé par le perforateur dans la paroi 71 crée par-là même une face d'entrée 73 normale au vecteur vitesse V du corps de la bombe. Cette face d'entrée 73 évite notamment les ricochets du corps de bombe sur la paroi lorsque l'angle d'incidence α de son vecteur vitesse sur la paroi est trop faible. Si cet angle α est malgré tout beaucoup trop faible il y aura néanmoins incidence. Le perforateur 30 qui est plus fin et plus rapide que le coφs de bombe peut pénétrer la paroi y compris pour de faibles angles d'incidences, le corps de bombe bénéficiant de l'orifice créé par le perforateur et ayant de ce fait un domaine d'incidence élargi.Advantageously, the casing of the propellant coφs therefore forms a protective wall. Indeed, as has just been indicated previously, it thus prevents any intrusion of rubble or debris 52 inside the bomb body during the phase of penetration of the latter into the wall. Such debris, generated in particular during the detonation of the perforator 30 inside the wall as illustrated in FIG. 5 e , could indeed cause parasitic explosions. Furthermore, the resistance of the wall to external intrusions, in addition to the effect of friction welding, is reinforced by the internal pressure generated by the combustion gases in the tube 22. In other words, the function d sealing provided to the propellant body makes it possible to conserve the combustion gases within the tube which, by their thrust, reinforce the resistance of the weld. Figure 7 illustrates another advantage of the invention. In particular, this figure shows that the invention makes it possible to increase the angle of incidence angle of arrival of the bomb cost 21 on a wall 71. The orifice 72 created by the perforator in the wall 71 created thereby even an entry face 73 normal to the speed vector V of the body of the bomb. This entry face 73 in particular avoids the ricochets of the bomb body on the wall when the angle of incidence α of its speed vector on the wall is too small. If this angle α is still much too small there will nevertheless be an impact. The perforator 30 which is thinner and faster than the bomb cost can penetrate the wall even for small angles of incidence, the bomb body benefiting from the orifice created by the perforator and therefore having a range of expanded incidence.
L'invention a été décrite pour la réalisation d'une bombe de pénétration à l'intérieur d'une infrastructure. Elle peut néanmoins s'appliquer à d'autres types de projectiles destinés à pénétrer dans une infrastructure par traversée d'une paroi épaisse. L'invention permet en particulier de traverser des parois en béton à fort module de rupture à la compression, pouvant atteindre par exemple 200 Mpa. The invention has been described for the production of a penetration bomb inside an infrastructure. It can nevertheless be applied to other types of projectiles intended to penetrate an infrastructure by crossing a thick wall. The invention makes it possible in particular to pass through concrete walls with a high modulus of rupture in compression, which can reach for example 200 Mpa.

Claims

REVENDICATIONS
1. Projectile pénétrant (10), caractérisé en ce qu'il comporte : - un tube intérieur (22) dans lequel est placé un projectile perforateur (30) comportant au moins un coφs (31) équipé d'une charge pyrotechnique (33) et un corps propulseur (301), le corps (31) du projectile perforateur étant éjecté hors du tube par mise à feu du corps propulseur (301) ; un système (28, 306, 307) permettant de commander la mise à feu du corps propulseur (301) avant l'impact du projectile pénétrant (10) sur une cible (42).1. penetrating projectile (10), characterized in that it comprises: - an inner tube (22) in which is placed a perforating projectile (30) comprising at least one shell (31) equipped with a pyrotechnic charge (33) and a propellant body (301), the body (31) of the perforating projectile being ejected from the tube by firing the propellant body (301); a system (28, 306, 307) for controlling the firing of the propellant body (301) before the impact of the penetrating projectile (10) on a target (42).
2. Projectile selon la revendication 1, caractérisé en ce que le projectile perforateur (30) comporte un système (36) qui détermine sa position à l'intérieur de la cible en fonction du temps et qui déclenche la détonation de sa charge pyrotechnique (33) à un instant prédéterminé.2. Projectile according to claim 1, characterized in that the perforating projectile (30) comprises a system (36) which determines its position inside the target as a function of time and which triggers the detonation of its pyrotechnic charge (33 ) at a predetermined time.
3. Projectile selon la revendication 2, caractérisé en ce que le système détermine la position du perforateur à partir de ses caractéristiques des niveaux de décélération dans le matériau de la cible et de sa vitesse au point d'impact sur la cible.3. Projectile according to claim 2, characterized in that the system determines the position of the perforator from its characteristics of the deceleration levels in the target material and its speed at the point of impact on the target.
4. Projectile selon l'une quelconque des revendications précédentes, caractérisé en ce que le tube (22) comporte au moins deux sections de calibres différents, la section de plus petit calibre étant orientée vers la sortie du tube (22), le coφs (21) du projectile perforateur (30) étant adapté au calibre de sortie du tube, le coφs propulseur (301, 303) se coinçant au niveau de la transition (221 ) des deux sections lors de l'éjection du corps (21 ) du projectile perforateur.4. Projectile according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the tube (22) comprises at least two sections of different calibers, the smaller caliber section being oriented towards the outlet of the tube (22), the coφs ( 21) of the perforating projectile (30) being adapted to the output caliber of the tube, the propellant coφs (301, 303) being wedged at the transition (221) of the two sections during the ejection of the body (21) of the projectile puncher.
5. Projectile selon la revendication 4, caractérisé en ce que la transition entre les deux sections forme un cône (221 ) de façon à ce que l'enveloppe (30) du coφs propulseur se soude par friction sur le cône. 5. Projectile according to claim 4, characterized in that the transition between the two sections forms a cone (221) so that the envelope (30) of the propellant coφs is welded by friction on the cone.
6. Projectile selon l'une quelconque des revendications précédentes, caractérisé en ce que le corps (31) du projectile perforateur (30) est fixé à l'enveloppe (303) du corps propulseur (301) par des goupilles.6. Projectile according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the body (31) of the perforating projectile (30) is fixed to the casing (303) of the propellant body (301) by pins.
7. Projectile selon l'une quelconque des revendications précédentes, caractérisé en ce qu'un relais d'amorçage (34) est placé à l'intérieur de la charge pyrotechnique (33) du projectile perforateur (30).7. Projectile according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that a priming relay (34) is placed inside the pyrotechnic charge (33) of the perforating projectile (30).
8. Projectile selon la revendication 7, caractérisé en ce que le projectile perforateur (30) comporte un support (35) fermant l'espace à l'arrière de la charge pyrotechnique (33), ce support comportant un percuteur (39) situé en regard du relais d'amorçage (34).8. Projectile according to claim 7, characterized in that the perforating projectile (30) comprises a support (35) closing the space behind the pyrotechnic charge (33), this support comprising a striker (39) located in look at the ignition relay (34).
9. Projectile selon l'une quelconque des revendications 2 à 8, caractérisé en ce que le projectile perforateur (30) comporte un bloc électronique (36) intégrant le système de détermination de la position du perforateur dans la cible (42), le bloc électronique commandant par ailleurs l'amorçage de la charge pyrotechnique (33).9. Projectile according to any one of claims 2 to 8, characterized in that the perforator projectile (30) comprises an electronic unit (36) integrating the system for determining the position of the perforator in the target (42), the unit electronics also controlling the ignition of the pyrotechnic charge (33).
10. Projectile selon les revendications 8 et 9, caractérisé en ce que le bloc électronique (36) du projectile perforateur (30) est placé sur le support (35).10. Projectile according to claims 8 and 9, characterized in that the electronic unit (36) of the perforating projectile (30) is placed on the support (35).
11. Projectile selon l'une quelconque des revendications précédentes, caractérisé en ce que le système permettant de commander la mise à feu du corps propulseur (301) du projectile perforateur (30) comporte un bloc électronique (28) et au moins une pastille d'allumage (307), un signal électrique étant envoyé du bloc électronique (28) vers la pastille d'allumage (307) par une liaison électrique (306),11. Projectile according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the system for controlling the firing of the propellant body (301) of the perforating projectile (30) comprises an electronic unit (28) and at least one pellet d 'ignition (307), an electrical signal being sent from the electronic unit (28) to the ignition pad (307) by an electrical connection (306),
12. Projectile selon la revendication 11, caractérisé en ce que le bloc électronique (28) est de forme torique et placé dans un culot (20) fermant le coφs (21) du projectile. 12. Projectile according to claim 11, characterized in that the electronic unit (28) is of toric shape and placed in a base (20) closing the coφs (21) of the projectile.
13. Projectile selon l'une quelconque des revendications . précédentes, caractérisé en qu'il comporte une charge pyrotechnique (23) placée entre son coφs (21 ) et le tube (22).13. Projectile according to any one of claims. previous, characterized in that it comprises a pyrotechnic charge (23) placed between its coφs (21) and the tube (22).
14. Projectile selon l'une quelconque des revendications précédentes, caractérisé en ce qu'étant à symétrie de révolution, son axe de symétrie se confond avec l'axe (20) du tube.14. Projectile according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that being with symmetry of revolution, its axis of symmetry merges with the axis (20) of the tube.
15. Procédé de pénétration d'un projectile (10) selon l'une quelconque des revendications précédentes dans une cible (42) caractérisé en ce que : - le projectile perforateur (30) est éjecté du tube (22) par mise à feu de son coφs propulseur (301) lorsque le projectile (10) se situe à une distance d donnée de la cible (42) ; - le projectile perforateur (30) pénétrant avant le projectile (10) dans la cible, le projectile perforateur (30) détonne à l'intérieur de la cible (42) par mise à feu de sa charge pyrotechnique (33) pour créer un orifice de passage au corps (21) du projectile (10).15. Method of penetrating a projectile (10) according to any one of the preceding claims in a target (42) characterized in that: - the perforating projectile (30) is ejected from the tube (22) by firing its propellant coφs (301) when the projectile (10) is located at a given distance d from the target (42); - the perforating projectile (30) penetrating before the projectile (10) in the target, the perforating projectile (30) detonates inside the target (42) by firing its pyrotechnic charge (33) to create an orifice passing through the body (21) of the projectile (10).
16. Procédé selon la revendication 15, caractérisé en ce que le projectile perforateur (30) détonne au milieu de la cible (42).16. Method according to claim 15, characterized in that the perforating projectile (30) detonates in the middle of the target (42).
17. Procédé selon l'une quelconque des revendications 15 ou 16, caractérisé en ce que la cible est une paroi en béton (42). 17. Method according to any one of claims 15 or 16, characterized in that the target is a concrete wall (42).
EP05752648A 2004-06-08 2005-05-31 Projectile, in particular an anti-infrastructure penetrating bomb and method for penetration of said projectile through a wall Ceased EP1766323B1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
FR0406184A FR2871226B1 (en) 2004-06-08 2004-06-08 PROJECTILE, IN PARTICULAR ANTI-INFRASTRUCTURE PENETRATION BOMB AND METHOD OF PENETRATING SUCH A PROJECTILE THROUGH A WALL
PCT/EP2005/052483 WO2005124270A1 (en) 2004-06-08 2005-05-31 Projectile, in particular an anti-infrastructure penetrating bomb and method for penetration of said projectile through a wall

Publications (2)

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EP1766323A1 true EP1766323A1 (en) 2007-03-28
EP1766323B1 EP1766323B1 (en) 2012-04-11

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US (1) US8151712B2 (en)
EP (1) EP1766323B1 (en)
FR (1) FR2871226B1 (en)
IL (1) IL179902A (en)
WO (1) WO2005124270A1 (en)

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Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
WO2005124270A1 (en) 2005-12-29
FR2871226B1 (en) 2006-08-18
IL179902A0 (en) 2007-05-15
FR2871226A1 (en) 2005-12-09
US8151712B2 (en) 2012-04-10
US20080072782A1 (en) 2008-03-27
IL179902A (en) 2013-08-29
EP1766323B1 (en) 2012-04-11

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