EP1756011A1 - Photokatalytische emulsionsspaltung - Google Patents
Photokatalytische emulsionsspaltungInfo
- Publication number
- EP1756011A1 EP1756011A1 EP05749534A EP05749534A EP1756011A1 EP 1756011 A1 EP1756011 A1 EP 1756011A1 EP 05749534 A EP05749534 A EP 05749534A EP 05749534 A EP05749534 A EP 05749534A EP 1756011 A1 EP1756011 A1 EP 1756011A1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- iron
- emulsion
- organic
- iron compound
- organic phase
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Withdrawn
Links
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F1/00—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
- C02F1/72—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by oxidation
- C02F1/725—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by oxidation by catalytic oxidation
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D17/00—Separation of liquids, not provided for elsewhere, e.g. by thermal diffusion
- B01D17/02—Separation of non-miscible liquids
- B01D17/04—Breaking emulsions
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D17/00—Separation of liquids, not provided for elsewhere, e.g. by thermal diffusion
- B01D17/02—Separation of non-miscible liquids
- B01D17/04—Breaking emulsions
- B01D17/047—Breaking emulsions with separation aids
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F1/00—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
- C02F1/30—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by irradiation
- C02F1/32—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by irradiation with ultraviolet light
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F1/00—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
- C02F1/30—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by irradiation
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F1/00—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
- C02F1/72—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by oxidation
- C02F1/722—Oxidation by peroxides
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F2101/00—Nature of the contaminant
- C02F2101/30—Organic compounds
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F2101/00—Nature of the contaminant
- C02F2101/30—Organic compounds
- C02F2101/301—Detergents, surfactants
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F2101/00—Nature of the contaminant
- C02F2101/30—Organic compounds
- C02F2101/32—Hydrocarbons, e.g. oil
- C02F2101/325—Emulsions
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F2103/00—Nature of the water, waste water, sewage or sludge to be treated
- C02F2103/30—Nature of the water, waste water, sewage or sludge to be treated from the textile industry
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F2305/00—Use of specific compounds during water treatment
- C02F2305/02—Specific form of oxidant
- C02F2305/026—Fenton's reagent
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F2305/00—Use of specific compounds during water treatment
- C02F2305/10—Photocatalysts
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02W—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO WASTEWATER TREATMENT OR WASTE MANAGEMENT
- Y02W10/00—Technologies for wastewater treatment
- Y02W10/30—Wastewater or sewage treatment systems using renewable energies
- Y02W10/37—Wastewater or sewage treatment systems using renewable energies using solar energy
Definitions
- the invention relates to a method for photocatalytic emulsion cleavage using iron ions.
- Emulsions are used in many areas of technology. Especially for the disposal of used emulsions, they are often broken down into their components.
- Emulsions are usually broken down either chemically by quantitative addition of strong electrolytes such as acids or salts, thermally by distillation or evaporation or by membrane technology (ultrafiltration).
- strong electrolytes such as acids or salts
- membrane technology ultrafiltration
- the Photo-Fenton oxidations have not previously been used for emulsion splitting, but have already been used, for example, in the treatment of waste water in the textile industry.
- a successful overview of the use of Photo-Fenton oxidation for the treatment of wastewater can be found in Advances in Environmental Research 8 (2004) 553-597.
- the use of Photo-Fenton Oxidation especially for waste water from the textile industry is described in Water Research 36 (2002) 2703-2710.
- the treatment of waste water in the prior art aims at a quantitative destruction of the organic Compounds and the associated quantitative use of hydrogen peroxide and possibly also iron salts.
- No. 5,266,214 A describes the treatment of waste water with the Photo-Fenton oxidation.
- the organic impurities are quantitatively broken down by the photo-fenton oxidation, the concentration of H 2 0 2 having to be at least twice as high as that of the organic impurities.
- an additional step for the production of iron oxalate is necessary in the process described.
- DD 48573 A describes a two-stage process for emulsion splitting, in which in a first step the emulsion is broken up by adding a salt and then in a second step separate from it, post-oxidation is necessary.
- emulsion splitting Common methods for emulsion splitting are the evaporation of a liquid, the removal of a phase by salting out, mechanical action, addition of electrolyte and discharge at electrodes.
- the object of the present invention is therefore a process for the cleavage of aqueous-organic emulsions without the quantitative (stoichiometric) use of cleavage reagents previously required.
- Another object of the present invention is to purify organically contaminated wastewater not by quantitatively breaking down the total amount of these contaminants but by separating these organic contaminants.
- the above object is achieved in a first embodiment by a process for the cleavage of aqueous-organic emulsions characterized by process steps a) adding an oxidizing agent and an iron compound containing Fe 2+ or Fe 3+ ions to the emulsion with a pH value of ⁇ 5, b) irradiating the emulsion with UV and / or VIS light, and c) separating the organic phase formed.
- the present invention represents a significant improvement over the previously used methods for emulsion splitting, since the use of chemicals can be significantly reduced by using photons as an energy source. The selective destruction of the surface-active substances by a Photo-Fento reaction is thus the core of the present invention.
- Iron ions are added to the emulsion and the pH is adjusted to ⁇ 5, in particular ⁇ 4. Under these conditions, the aqueous and organic phases can be rapidly split. The phases separate in particular at a temperature of more than 50 ° C. within a period in the range from 1 to 20 minutes and can be separated using a separator.
- the organic substances in the water are oxidized by the hydroxyl radicals formed in situ and / or the photochemical cleavage of iron complexes and / or the formation of other / further reactive intermediates.
- emulsifiers or surfactants are preferably attacked in this treatment and lose their surface-active effect.
- the present invention thus differs from the prior art primarily in that essentially no constituents in the aqueous solution, such as toluene or benzene, are destroyed, but rather emulsions are split where the oil-containing component is dispersed in a dispersed oil-containing phase Dispersant water is present. Furthermore, it was not obvious to a person skilled in the art to split an emulsion by means of a photochemical reaction, since emulsions have a different refractive index and higher turbidity (they usually appear milky white) than aqueous solutions contaminated with organic substances due to the oil droplets present.
- iron compounds such as iron hydroxide, iron oxide, iron chloride, iron sulfate, iron oxalate, iron chlorate and / or iron perchlorate has proven to be particularly advantageous.
- Both iron (II) and iron (III) can be used as raw material in this process, since iron (II) can easily be oxidized to iron (III) under the aforementioned conditions of the process.
- the iron compound can be used at a concentration of up to 5% by weight of the concentration of the TOC (total organic carbon) present in the emulsion.
- the iron compound in connection with the radiation and the peroxide was able to split the emulsion at a concentration of up to 5% by weight. This could be due to the fact that the emulsifiers and / or surfactants have a higher percentage of CN and C-0 bonds in the Compared to paraffins and oils. These bonds are obviously more easily attacked by the Photo-Fenton reaction.
- a peroxide in the abovementioned is preferred as the oxidizing agent.
- Process particularly preferably hydrogen peroxide, because this is particularly easy to handle and is readily available.
- other peroxides such as sodium peroxide or silicon peroxide can also be used, as can the perborates, percarbonates and persulfates customary in detergent technology.
- the emulsion is split at a temperature in the range from 0 to 100 ° C., in particular in a range from 50 to 100 ° C., and very particularly in a range from 80 to 100 ° C. Above 100 ° C one would reach the range of a thermal emulsion splitting process, since this is the boiling point of water.
- the lower limit of 0 ° C results from the freezing point of water, while the preferred lower limits 50 and 80 ° C result from the fact that, at these temperatures, the emulsion splits particularly quickly on the one hand, and the organic molecules with a on the other short or even no delay or activation period.
- the irradiation is preferably carried out with a UV-VIS light source which is selected from the group discharge lamp, incandescent lamp, sun, in particular a medium-pressure mercury lamp.
- a UV-VIS light source which is selected from the group discharge lamp, incandescent lamp, sun, in particular a medium-pressure mercury lamp.
- This has proven to be particularly effective in known Photo-Fenton processes due to the special spectrum and the intensity of the lighting.
- the process is particularly advantageously characterized in that the iron compound which accumulates in the organic phase is withdrawn from the aqueous phase and then removed from the organic phase, and then optionally fed back to the partially or completely untreated emulsion.
- the iron compounds accumulate primarily in the organic phase.
- the iron can be removed from the aqueous phase relatively easily by separating the organic phase in the last step of the process.
- this has the advantage that the otherwise usual high salt load in the wastewater is avoided by precipitation of the iron compound as hydroxide, and on the other hand that the iron can be recycled by removing it from the organic phase and then feeding it back into the emulsion ,
- an oil in particular about 1 g / l
- an oil is added to the untreated emulsion to separate the iron compound.
- An Enviolet ® reactor from ack aqua concept GmbH was used.
- the emulsion cleavage is carried out as follows. FeS0 4 heptahydrate was added as a catalyst in a concentration of 50 to 100 mg / l of the emulsion. After adding 0.01 g / l to 0.1 g / l H 2 O 2 , the solution was irradiated with a commercially available mercury vapor lamp. Medium pressure mercury lamps with an output of 125W - 12000 W and an emission maximum of 254 nm were used as the light source. The heat radiation from the light source is used to heat the emulsion. After a treatment time of a few minutes, the phases separated and could be separated using a conventional oil separator.
- the iron ions were simultaneously enriched in the organic phase. This effect could be followed spectroscopically. This enabled the separation to be checked and the process to be easily regulated.
- FIG. 2 shows that at a temperature of 30 ° C. after 25 min, a spontaneous drop in the TOC was observed both at a catalyst concentration of 50 mg / l and at 200 mg / l. This was because the aqueous and organic phases separated.
- the reaction temperature increased, the emulsion cleavage split earlier. So you could observe the cleavage after 10 min at 60 ° C. The cleavage started spontaneously at 90 ° C.
Landscapes
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Water Supply & Treatment (AREA)
- Hydrology & Water Resources (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Thermal Sciences (AREA)
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Toxicology (AREA)
- Catalysts (AREA)
- Treatment Of Water By Oxidation Or Reduction (AREA)
- Physical Water Treatments (AREA)
Abstract
Description
Claims
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| DE102004025007.3A DE102004025007B4 (de) | 2004-05-21 | 2004-05-21 | Photokatalytische Emulsionsspaltung |
| PCT/EP2005/052184 WO2005113453A1 (de) | 2004-05-21 | 2005-05-12 | Photokatalytische emulsionsspaltung |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| EP1756011A1 true EP1756011A1 (de) | 2007-02-28 |
Family
ID=34969427
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| EP05749534A Withdrawn EP1756011A1 (de) | 2004-05-21 | 2005-05-12 | Photokatalytische emulsionsspaltung |
Country Status (3)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| EP (1) | EP1756011A1 (de) |
| DE (1) | DE102004025007B4 (de) |
| WO (1) | WO2005113453A1 (de) |
Families Citing this family (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| DE102010020105B4 (de) * | 2009-05-08 | 2015-07-02 | Deutsches Zentrum für Luft- und Raumfahrt e.V. | Kreislaufführung des Eisens im Photo-Fenton-Prozess |
| DE102010008234A1 (de) * | 2010-02-12 | 2011-08-18 | a.c.k. aqua concept GmbH Karlsruhe, 76189 | Verfahren zur Behandlung von fotolackhaltigen Abwässern |
| FR2981924B1 (fr) * | 2011-10-27 | 2017-06-09 | Univ De Provence Aix-Marseille I | Reacteur utilisable pour la decontamination des fluides et procede d'utilisation |
Family Cites Families (9)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| DD48573A1 (de) * | 1965-08-03 | 1966-06-05 | Herbert Schilenski | Verfahren zur dismulgierung verbrauchter oelemulsionen, insbesondere Bohr- und Schneidöle |
| CA1102275A (en) * | 1976-12-27 | 1981-06-02 | Marvin H. Weintraub | Breaking oil-in-water emulsion using porous iron electrode |
| DE3832523C1 (de) * | 1988-09-24 | 1990-01-18 | Kernforschungszentrum Karlsruhe Gmbh, 7500 Karlsruhe, De | |
| US5043080A (en) * | 1990-02-26 | 1991-08-27 | Solarchem Enterprises Inc. | Treating contaminated effluents and groundwaters |
| US5120428A (en) * | 1991-06-06 | 1992-06-09 | Energy Mines & Resources Canada | Deashing of heavy hydrocarbon residues |
| IT1251772B (it) * | 1991-11-06 | 1995-05-24 | Ausimont Spa | Processo per l'ossidazione di materiali organici con perossido di idrogeno in condizioni di irraggiamento in fase acquosa |
| US5266214A (en) | 1992-12-22 | 1993-11-30 | Cryptonics Corporation | Photocatalytic method for treatment of contaminated water |
| GB9623337D0 (en) | 1996-11-08 | 1997-01-08 | Markessinis Andreas | Water treatment process |
| GR1003914B (el) | 2000-05-26 | 2002-06-25 | Αποστολος Βλησιδης | Μεθοδος επεξεργασιας αποβλητων ελαιοτριβειων και παραγομενο οργανοχουμικο προιον |
-
2004
- 2004-05-21 DE DE102004025007.3A patent/DE102004025007B4/de not_active Expired - Fee Related
-
2005
- 2005-05-12 EP EP05749534A patent/EP1756011A1/de not_active Withdrawn
- 2005-05-12 WO PCT/EP2005/052184 patent/WO2005113453A1/de not_active Ceased
Non-Patent Citations (3)
| Title |
|---|
| BOSSMANN S H ET AL: "DEGRADATION OF POLYVINYL ALCOHOL (PVA) BY HOMOGENEOUS AND HETEROGENEOUS PHOTOCATALYSIS APPLIED TO THE PHOTOCHEMICALLY ENHANCED FENTON REACTION", WATER SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY, IWA PUBLISHING, GB, vol. 44, no. 5, 1 January 2001 (2001-01-01), pages 257 - 262, XP009054245, ISSN: 0273-1223 * |
| See also references of WO2005113453A1 * |
| SHUL'PIN ET AL: "Selective Photochemical Ketonization of Cyclohexane by Air in an Aqueous Emulsion in the Presence of Iron Ions", MENDELEEV COMMUNICATIONS, INSTITUTE OF PHYSICS PUBLISHING, BRISTOL, GB LNKD- DOI:10.1070/MC1995V005N04ABEH000498, vol. 5, no. 4, 1 January 1995 (1995-01-01), pages 143 - 145, XP022529284, ISSN: 0959-9436 * |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| DE102004025007B4 (de) | 2020-01-09 |
| WO2005113453A1 (de) | 2005-12-01 |
| DE102004025007A1 (de) | 2005-12-15 |
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Legal Events
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| PUAI | Public reference made under article 153(3) epc to a published international application that has entered the european phase |
Free format text: ORIGINAL CODE: 0009012 |
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| 17P | Request for examination filed |
Effective date: 20060929 |
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| AK | Designated contracting states |
Kind code of ref document: A1 Designated state(s): AT BE BG CH CY CZ DE DK EE ES FI FR GB GR HU IE IS IT LI LT LU MC NL PL PT RO SE SI SK TR |
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| 17Q | First examination report despatched |
Effective date: 20070417 |
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| DAX | Request for extension of the european patent (deleted) | ||
| RIN1 | Information on inventor provided before grant (corrected) |
Inventor name: DE OLIVEIRA, LAMARK Inventor name: FUNKEN, KARL-HEINZ Inventor name: JUNG, CHRISTIAN Inventor name: SATTLER, CHRISTIAN |
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| STAA | Information on the status of an ep patent application or granted ep patent |
Free format text: STATUS: THE APPLICATION HAS BEEN WITHDRAWN |
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| 18W | Application withdrawn |
Effective date: 20150108 |