EP1752410A1 - Industrial truck, particularly high portal truck - Google Patents

Abstract

Industrial truck, especially a gantry-type high-level industrial truck, with a chassis with wheels (5, 5, 6, 6) and a lifting device comprises at least one control device for changing/adjusting the distance between the position of the wheels. At least one control device changes the length of the chassis. At least one control device changes the width of the chassis.

Description

The invention relates to a material handling vehicle, in particular portal-like high-floor industrial truck, with wheels having chassis and with a hoist for between the wheels of the chassis recordable and mitführbare loads, such as containers or the like.

Known industrial trucks of the aforementioned type are known e.g. Straddle. Portal stackers can pick up a container, transport it to a container warehouse and deposit it at a predetermined location. At this point, the straddle carrier can stack up to four containers one above the other, making better use of the area of a container warehouse.

Conversely, a known per se forklift vehicle of the aforementioned type, ie a gantry forklift, transport individual containers of a container stack out of the container store and deliver them to a loading facility.

Known industrial trucks, namely portal stacker, build relatively wide and need in the container storage left and right of the stacked containers sufficiently wide lanes. This limits the storage density.

The storage density of a container warehouse is further limited by the formation of container-stacked lanes in which semi-trailer transporting road transport tractors of Containers can run. These lanes in a container warehouse are relatively narrow and can no longer be traveled by a gantry forklift with a container.

The invention has for its object to provide a material handling vehicle, which can accommodate containers such as a portal stacker automatically, but also with the recorded container the narrower lanes between stacked containers, which are provided for passage with trucks for the transport of containers ride can.

This object is achieved by a material handling vehicle having the features of patent claim 1. Further developments and advantageous embodiments of the industrial truck according to the invention will become apparent from the dependent claims 2 to 22nd

The industrial truck according to the invention, with a container taken on the narrow lanes for trucks or other road vehicles, so-called "truck lanes", driven in a container storage. This is possible because it has at least one adjusting device for changing or adjusting the distances between the contact points of the wheels.

An inventive material handling vehicle thus has a device with which the dimensions of its footprint can be changed or adjusted. The dimensions of a container taken up by the industrial truck, in particular the container width, determine the width of the alley in a container warehouse, which can still be traversed by the industrial truck with recorded container. The industrial truck according to the invention is adapted by means of the adjusting device to the dimensions of a recorded or male container. The contact points of the wheels, when they are changed in terms of their distances, also influence the outer dimensions of the industrial truck, ie, when the distance between the Change points of the wheels changes, change the dimensions of the industrial truck. The industrial truck according to the invention can be used and driven like a conventional portal stacker. At the same time, the invention offers the advantage of truck lanes, the so-called "truck lanes", which could not be used in existing container storage of gantry trucks so far, now to use for driving through the industrial truck according to the invention. The previously required for portal stacker sufficiently wide lanes in a container storage can be omitted, making the useable for the stacking of containers storage space is greater. The container warehouse is more economical to operate and use.

Containers are internationally standardized containers with different container lengths and container heights. They serve the transport of goods by several means of transport without repacking the load.

At the place of arrival of the means of transport, e.g. an incoming ship, its container load is deleted with loading bridges. A hoist the loading bridge sets the detected container either from under the loading bridge on a transport vehicle, which then moves the container using the so-called "truck lanes" in the container storage, or the container placed under the loading bridge is a portal stacker, a so-called " Straddle carrier ", picked up and stacked in the container storage.

The use of transport vehicles to transport the container from the loading bridge to the container warehouse and in the container warehouse itself has the advantage that can be stacked on the available container area a larger number of containers.

On the one hand, the tramlines can be narrower, on the other hand, a gantry crane can be used in the warehouse, with the higher container stack can be formed.

The disadvantage here is the temporal dependence of both the loading bridge and, in the container storage, of the gantry crane.

The industrial truck according to the invention is able to use the narrow lanes, the "truck lanes", in a container warehouse, into which containers are stacked with a gantry crane. Since the industrial truck according to the invention can automatically pick up, transport and deposit a container, the advantages of a warehouse operated with straddle carriers can be combined with those of a container warehouse that is operated by lorries, or so-called "trailers", without having their disadvantages take.

The achievable storage density corresponds to that of a serviced with gantry cranes bearing, but the time dependence is no longer given at the loading bridge and the gantry crane with advantage.

In order to accommodate and transport containers of different lengths, that inventive material handling vehicle on a first adjusting device for changing its chassis length. In addition, the adjusting means for changing the suspension length is also useful to move predetermined wheels of the chassis by means of the adjusting device so that their Aufstspunkte reach an area in front of or behind the container, so that the width of the industrial vehicle is less than the width of the male or container to be transported. This is realized in the industrial truck according to the invention characterized in that it has at least one second adjusting device for changing the chassis width.

With particular advantage, in the industrial truck according to the invention, the first and the second adjusting device for changing the chassis length and the chassis width at the wheels having the suspension combined with each other.

In the industrial truck according to the invention, the chassis on a vehicle frame arranged subframe each having an axis associated wheels. At least one wheel of a subframe associated wheels is designed as a steerable steering wheel. Preferably, each wheel is a steering wheel, so that the industrial truck according to the invention can be flexibly controlled and driven as a four-wheel drive vehicle with four-wheel steering, to handle containers.

Each steering wheel is steered in a turntable, wherein each turntable is rotatably mounted on the respectively associated subframe.

Steering movements of the individual fifth wheel can be carried out with corresponding controls of the industrial truck, for example hydraulically or electrically. Each wheel of the industrial truck can have its own drive, as it is also known and common in gantry trucks.

A first adjusting device is realized in the industrial truck according to the invention in a structurally inexpensive and therefore simple and reliable execution characterized in that each subframe is held longitudinally displaceable guided on predetermined parts of the chassis frame. These, the subframe longitudinally displaceable holding parts of a chassis frame are longitudinal beams, preferably a longitudinal spar, which is advantageously designed as a box section carrier. The present as box section beam longitudinal beam connects the subframe with each other, whereby the change of a distance between the subframes by longitudinal displacement of the subframe, either one of the subframe or both subframe, along the longitudinal spar can be done.

With particular advantage, each subframe on a guide receptacle for the predetermined part of the chassis frame. With the guide receptacle, each subframe is movable along the longitudinal spar of the undercarriage frame. Between subframe and longitudinal beam is thus a Straight guide before, which is realized in that the guide receptacle is arranged in the subframe breakthrough, the inner wall is designed as a guide of the subframe to the predetermined part of the chassis frame, the longitudinal spar.

Of course, any other form of a linear guide is possible, which allows a change in distance between the supported on supporting parts of the chassis subframes.

In the industrial truck according to the invention a second adjusting device for changing the chassis width is realized in that each subframe has sections which are pivotable about a vertical axis relative to each other, wherein at each section at least one steering wheel of the wheels is arranged, which is associated with an axis of the respective subframe are. As a result, each subframe is formed in two parts. The about a vertical axis relative to each other pivotally movable portions of each subframe make it possible to hold a fixed portion of the subframe to the predetermined leading part of the chassis frame the longitudinal spar. By a pivoting movement of the other, movable portion of each subframe about a vertical axis, then the distance of the arranged on the pivotable portion wheel can be compared to the wheel located on the fixed portion change. The gauge of the industrial truck according to the invention is thus adjustable or variable. This has the advantage that with the vehicle according to the invention possibly narrower lanes between container stacks can be traveled in a container storage. The vehicle has with advantage to the container asymmetrically running lanes, of which a first track of the wheels of the two subframe of the chassis runs as a fixed track next to the container. A second lane, passes through the movable portions of the subframe as a "loose track" such that the wheels of these movable sections of the subframe can stand in front of or behind the container. As a result, the outer edge of the vehicle lies in one plane with an outer surface of a container. The axis of each wheel located on the movable portion of the subframe is perpendicular to the direction of travel. The direction of travel corresponds approximately to the orientation of the longitudinal axis of a container.

The movable portion of the subframe with the corresponding wheel can be pivoted about the vertical pivot axis such that the respective wheel is in line with the fixed track of the wheels of the subframe of the landing gear. The geometry is chosen so that the axis of the tilted wheel is again perpendicular to the direction of travel.

In this so-called working position, the vehicle can also be driven. His footprint is triangular.

For a longitudinal displacement of the subframe along the longitudinal spar as a supporting part of the chassis frame, the chassis has first actuating means. For the pivoting of the respective pivotable portion, each subframe has second actuating means.

In a material handling vehicle, first actuating means and second actuating means can also be combined with one another. However, if the industrial truck is designed so that it only needs to accommodate containers of a predetermined length, a longitudinal displacement of the subframe is unnecessary. It is sufficient to ensure a width variability of the chassis of the vehicle, so that narrow streets between stacked containers can be driven.

As adjusting means working cylinder, in particular hydraulic cylinders are provided. As adjusting means, however, other drives, such as spindle drives, eg with electric motors, can be used.

With particular advantage, the industrial truck has a single-wheel drive. Hydraulic motors or electric motors, e.g. diesel-electric drive, can be installed in the individual wheels.

For handling a container, the hoist of the industrial truck on a known spreader, which is suspended on the subframes, in particular on the fixed sections of the subframe, suspended. Such a spreader can also be suspended on other supporting parts of the chassis frame, which are suitable.

Of course, each subframe is designed as a portal, wherein the portals are formed with a connecting the portals longitudinal spar to the chassis. This is a high-legged industrial truck, with the overrun of parked containers is possible.

On the longitudinal spar of the chassis a cab is attached. The main view direction is preferably transverse to the direction of travel. Thus, in all positions of the rotatable sections of the subframe, as well as in all positions of the spreader, the fittings on the container are overlooked. The driver's seat including controls is also rotatable so that the driver can always sit in the direction of travel.

For different steering geometries a four-axle steering is advantageous. Each wheel is e.g. adjusted by hydraulic cylinders and corresponding proportional valves in conjunction with encoders and Längsmeßsystemen for the longitudinal displacement and the pivotability of the movable sections of the subframe on a common steering geometry. Different types of steering are adjustable, such as front axle steering, rear wheel steering, all-wheel steering and crab gear.

The industrial truck according to the invention for handling containers is thus very manoeuvrable.

Instead of the driver's cab, it is also possible to install an automatic system for driverless driving.

Fig. 1:

eine Ansicht eines portalartig hochgebauten Flurförderfahrzeug mit Fahrwerk, dessen Räder sich in einer Grundstellung befinden

Fig. 1a:

eine Fig. 1 entsprechende Ansicht, jedoch mit einem aufgenommenen Container

Fig. 2:

eine Vorderansicht des Flurförderfahrzeugs gemäß Fig. 1 mit einem aufgenommenen Container

Fig. 3:

eine Ansicht des Flurförderfahrzeugs in durch Änderung der Fahrzeuglänge verkürzter Grundstellung mit aufgenommenem Container und

Fig. 4:

eine Ansicht des Flurförderfahrzeugs gemäß Fig. 1, bei dem sich die Räder des Fahrwerks in einer Arbeitsstellung befinden, in der das Flurförderfahrzeug über einen aufzunehmenden Container gefahren ist.

An embodiment of the invention, from which further inventive features arise, is shown in the drawings. Show it:

Fig. 1:

a view of a portal-like elevated industrial truck with chassis, whose wheels are in a normal position

Fig. 1a:

a view corresponding to Fig. 1, but with a recorded container

Fig. 2:

a front view of the industrial truck of FIG. 1 with a container received

3:

a view of the industrial vehicle in shortened by changing the vehicle length basic position with container and

4:

a view of the industrial truck of FIG. 1, in which the wheels of the chassis are in a working position in which the industrial truck is driven over a male container.

Fig. 1 shows an embodiment of an industrial vehicle, which is built portal-like. The industrial truck has a rubber-tired landing gear here. The chassis has arranged on the vehicle frame 1 subframe 3 and 4, each with an axis associated wheels 5, 5 'and 6, 6'. Each wheel 5, 5 'and 6, 6' is in a turntable 7, 7 'and 8, 8' steered steering wheel. Each turntable 7, 7 'and 8, 8' is rotatably mounted in a conventional manner about a vertical axis on the respectively associated subframe 3 and 4 respectively.

Each subframe 3 or 4 consists of a longitudinally displaceable on the longitudinal beam 2 held portion 9 and 9 ', on which a second portion 10, 10' is arranged to pivot about a vertical axis.

The sections 9, 9 'and 10, 10' are angled parts whose protruding to the footprint of the industrial vehicle angle leg 11, 11 'and 12, 12' at the lower free ends of the rotatable for controlled driving turntable 7, 7 'and 8, 8 'with the wheels 5, 5' and 6, 6 'carries. Thus, each subframe 3, 4 is designed as a portal, wherein the portals are formed by a connecting the portals longitudinal beam 2 and by means of the rubber-tired wheels 5, 5 ', 6, 6' to the chassis.

As a hoist, the industrial truck according to FIG. 1 a known spreader 13 for handling a container, which is suspended on the longitudinally displaceable portion 9, 9 'of the subframe 3 and 4, respectively. The lifting movement cause working cylinder 14, 14 '; 15, 15 '. However, the lifting movement can also be effected via known winches.

The known as Spreader 13 trained hoist consists of a two end parts 16 and 17 leading middle part 18. From the middle part 18, the two end portions 16 and 17 with hydraulic cylinders, of which only the hydraulic cylinder 19 located on the visible side of the middle part 18 visible is, pushed out, so that the hoist, or the spreader 13, can be set to different container lengths. Each end portion 16, 17 of the hoist has an end head 20 and 20 ', which is equipped with actuatable sensors for detecting the fittings of a container, so-called twistlocks.

The longitudinally displaceable sections 9, 9 'of the subframe 3 and 4 have a guide receptacle for a predetermined part of the chassis frame 1. This predetermined part is here the longitudinal spar 2. The guide receptacle is a part 9 of the subframe 3, 4 arranged Breakthrough 21 or 21 ', the inner wall is designed as a straight guide to guide the subframe to the predetermined part of the chassis frame 1, the longitudinal beam 2. The longitudinal displacement of the subframe 3, 4 cause adjusting means 22, 22 ', which are present as a working cylinder. The longitudinal displacement movement of the subframe is coupled in terms of control with the length adjustment of the spreader 13, so that the operation of the working cylinder 22 and 22 'and the working cylinder 19 of the lifting takes place synchronously. In addition, the displacement of the hoist or the spreader 13 in a direction transverse to the longitudinal beam 2 is useful or expedient, since the accurate positioning of the twist locks on the head ends 20 and 20 'of the spreader 13 by means of the steering of the vehicle is inaccurate.

The longitudinally displaceable sections 9, 9 'of the subframe 3 and 4 bear adjusting means 23, 23', which are also in the form of hydraulic working cylinders. With the adjusting means 23 and 23 ', the rotatable portions 10, 10' of the subframe 3 and 4 can be pivoted about a vertical axis which extends approximately through the center of the circular openings 24 and 24 'in the sections 9, 9'. In the circular openings 24 and 24 'and the pivot bearing for the pivoting portions 10, 10' of the subframe 3 and 4 are installed.

At 25, a driver's cab is called. Denoted by 26 is a box-like part of the vehicle frame 1 which hangs on the longitudinal spar 2 and which is adapted to receive the means for generating energy, e.g. a diesel engine, can be used.

Fig. 1 a shows the material handling vehicle according to FIGS. 1 and 2 with a container 27 recorded and illustrates the so-called basic position of the wheels 5, 6 and 5 ', 6'.

FIG. 2 shows a front view of the industrial truck according to FIG. 1. Identical components are designated by the same reference numbers as in FIG. 1. Is visible here the subframe 3, with its recording 21 'longitudinally displaceable on. Longitudinal beam 2 of the vehicle frame 1 is guided. The longitudinal displacement takes place transversely to the plane of the drawing in the longitudinal direction of the likewise longitudinally extending transversely to the plane of the drawing. 2

Fig. 2 can be clearly seen that the longitudinally displaceable portion 9 'of the subframe 3, as well as its pivotable portion 10', by attached, here perpendicular downright leg angle 12 and 12 'is built up to a portal-like subframe. Thus, between the wheels 6, 6 ', which are steered in bogies 8, 8', a container 27 carried by the hoist, the spreader 13, are received. In this so-called basic position of the wheels of the chassis of the industrial truck, the wheel 6 is in front of the container 27. The not visible here rear wheel 5 (Fig. 1 a) is behind the container.

Due to the pivoting sections, the wheels 6 and 5 form a "loose track". The wheels 6 'and the underlying and therefore hidden wheel 5' are in a so-called "fixed track", or form these wheels 6 'and 5' the fixed track.

Fig. 3 shows a view of the industrial truck according to Fig. 1 a, but with along the longitudinal beam 2 inwardly shifted subframes 3, 4 for receiving a shorter container 28. Also in Fig. 3 are the loose track forming wheels 5 and 6th in front of and behind the container 28.

To pick up a parked container, for example, a container removed from a ship by means of a loading container, which is deposited on land and is now to be transported to the container storage to be stacked there if necessary, the industrial truck can be driven over the male container, that his hoist, the so-called spreader 13, along the container 27 and 28 is aligned and the twist locks with the fittings of the container can be brought into engagement are. The container can be run over in its longitudinal direction by the industrial truck by his front subframe 3 in terms of

Track width is changed. For this purpose, the pivotable portion 10 'of the subframe 3 is pivoted into a rotational position in which the wheel 6 is in line with the track of the wheel 6' of the same subframe 3, as shown in Fig. 4. Now, the hoist, the spreader 13 can be lowered to lock the twist locks with the fittings of the male container 27 and 28 respectively. The angle leg 12 of the pivotable portion 10 'of the subframe 3 then moves back by appropriate pivoting in the basic position, which is shown in Fig. 1 a. The hoist raises the container 27 and the industrial truck can transport the lifted container.

In the container store, the container 27 or 28 is deposited at a suitable location where it can be detected by a gantry crane. The gantry crane can leave the container and stack the containers as close together and as high as desired, as far as the gantry height of the gantry crane permits.

To drive away the truck from the remote container, the subframe 3, (or according to the subframe 4) brought back into a working position by the corresponding pivoting portion is moved so that the wheel 6 (or 5) again in a line, the corresponds to the fixed track stands.

In this so-called working position, the footprint of the industrial truck is approximately triangular. The center of gravity of the industrial truck is designed so that a secure stand is guaranteed even in the three-point support.

Claims (22)

Industrial truck, in particular portal-like high-floor industrial truck, with wheels having chassis and with a hoist for between the wheels of the chassis recordable and carryable loads, such as containers or the like,
marked by
at least one adjusting device for changing or adjusting the distances between the contact points of the wheels (5, 5 '; 6, 6'). Industrial truck according to claim 1, characterized by at least one first adjusting device for changing the chassis length. Industrial truck according to claim 1, characterized by at least one second adjusting device for changing the chassis width. Industrial truck according to claim 1, characterized by at least one first and at least one second adjusting device for changing the chassis length and the chassis width. Industrial truck according to one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that the chassis on a vehicle frame (1) arranged subframe (3, 4) each having an axis associated wheels (5, 5 '; 6, 6'). Industrial truck according to Claim 5, characterized in that at least one wheel (5, 6) of the wheels (5, 6; 5 ', 6') associated with a subframe (3, 4) is designed as a steerable steering wheel. Industrial truck according to claim 6, characterized in that each steering wheel in a turntable (7, 7 ', 8, 8') is directed. Industrial truck according to claim 7, characterized in that each turntable (7, 7 ', 8, 8') is rotatably mounted on the respectively associated subframe (3, 4). Industrial truck according to one of claims 1 to 8, characterized in that a first adjusting device is realized in that each subframe (3, 4) is held longitudinally displaceably guided on predetermined parts of the chassis frame (1). Industrial truck according to claim 9, characterized in that a predetermined, leading part of the chassis frame (1) is a longitudinal spar (2). Industrial truck according to claim 10, characterized in that the longitudinal spar (2) is designed as a box profile carrier. Industrial truck according to one of claims 1 to 11, characterized in that each subframe (3, 4) has a guide receptacle (21, 21 ') for the predetermined part of the chassis frame (1). Industrial truck according to claim 12, characterized in that the guide receptacle (21, 21 ') is arranged in the subframe breakthrough, the inner wall is designed as a guide of the subframe (3, 4) on the predetermined part of the chassis frame (1). Industrial truck according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that a second setting device is realized in that each subframe (3, 4) has sections (9, 9 ', 10, 10') which are pivotable relative to each other about a vertical axis, wherein at each section (9, 9 ', 10, 10') at least one steering wheel of the wheels (5, 5 ', 6, 6') is arranged, which are associated with an axis of the respective subframe (3, 4). Industrial truck according to one of claims 1 to 14, characterized in that the chassis (1) first adjusting means (22, 22 ') for longitudinal displacement of at least one of the subframe (3, 4) along the longitudinal spar (2). Industrial truck according to one of claims 1 to 14, characterized in that each subframe (3, 4) second adjusting means (23, 23 ') for the pivoting of the respective pivotable portion (10, 10') of the subframe (3, 4). Industrial truck according to one of claims 1 to 14, characterized in that the chassis first adjusting means (22, 22 ') for a longitudinal displacement of at least one of the subframe (3, 4) along the longitudinal spar (2) and each subframe (3, 4) second adjusting means (23, 23 ') for the pivoting of its respective pivotable portion (10, 10'). Industrial truck according to one of Claims 15 to 17, characterized in that operating cylinders are provided as adjusting means (22, 22 ', 23, 23'). Industrial truck according to one of the preceding claims, characterized by a single-wheel drive. Industrial truck according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the lifting mechanism is a known spreader (13) for handling a container (27, 28) which is suspended from the subframe (3, 4) in a liftable manner. Industrial truck according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that each subframe (3, 4) is designed as a portal, wherein the portals are formed with a connecting the portals longitudinal beam (2) to the vehicle frame (1). Industrial truck according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that a driver's cab (25) is mounted on the longitudinal spar (2) of the vehicle frame (1).

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