Classifications

• • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
  • B24—GRINDING; POLISHING
  • B24B—MACHINES, DEVICES, OR PROCESSES FOR GRINDING OR POLISHING; DRESSING OR CONDITIONING OF ABRADING SURFACES; FEEDING OF GRINDING, POLISHING, OR LAPPING AGENTS
  • B24B13/00—Machines or devices designed for grinding or polishing optical surfaces on lenses or surfaces of similar shape on other work; Accessories therefor
  • B24B13/0031—Machines having several working posts; Feeding and manipulating devices
• • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
  • B24—GRINDING; POLISHING
  • B24B—MACHINES, DEVICES, OR PROCESSES FOR GRINDING OR POLISHING; DRESSING OR CONDITIONING OF ABRADING SURFACES; FEEDING OF GRINDING, POLISHING, OR LAPPING AGENTS
  • B24B27/00—Other grinding machines or devices
  • B24B27/0061—Other grinding machines or devices having several tools on a revolving tools box

Definitions

• the invention relates to a processing machine for lenses according to the preamble of claim 1 and to a method for operating the processing machine.
• This is a processing machine for optical lenses with a first workpiece drive designed as a transport holder with a workpiece spindle having a chuck, a workpiece changer designed as a workpiece changer for workpiece exchange between the workpiece drive and a workpiece supply, and a machining station for processing a workpiece, the workpiece spindle of the workpiece drive is rotatable about an axis of rotation cl and the workpiece drive is pivotable about a first pivot axis bl arranged at right angles to the axis of rotation cl and the workpiece drive is rotatable about an axis of rotation k arranged at right angles to the first pivot axis bl.
• a lens processing machine is already known from DE 102 48 104 AI.
• This lens processing machine has a table with at least two work or tool stations, which are approached via a workpiece spindle arranged on a robot arm.
• the workpiece spindle of the robot arm has both a lens holder and a tool gripping device.
• the robot or robot arm used here is, on the one hand, very expensive and, on the other hand, guarantees a limited polishing or machining force depending on its radius of action.
• the invention is based on the object of designing and arranging a processing machine for lenses in such a way that rapid and efficient processing of the workpiece is ensured.
• the object is achieved in a generic processing machine for lenses according to the invention in that at least one second workpiece drive is provided and the second workpiece drive each has a spindle which can be rotated about a rotation axis cl, c2, both workpiece drives being arranged around a first one which is arranged at right angles to the respective rotation axis cl, c2 Swivel axis bl, b2 are pivotable and both workpiece drives are each displaceable and translationally driven in the direction of a translational displacement axis xl, x2 arranged at right angles to the first pivot axis bl, b2, both workpiece drives being rotatable together about the axis of rotation k.
• the two workpiece drives each have a spindle rotation axis cl, c2, which guarantees a controlled rotation of the workpieces.
• the respective spindle or the respective tool drive can be pivoted about the first pivot axis bl, b2 in a pendulum motion. This pendulum movement is ensured by a swivel motor.
• the swivel motor is arranged together with the respective workpiece drive on a translation carriage so as to be translationally movable.
• the translation carriage moves in the direction of the translation axis and is controlled and driven separately for each workpiece drive or each swivel motor.
• the two workpiece drives thus formed including the swivel motors and the translation slide, are arranged together on a swivel unit designed as a swivel plate and are swiveled about the axis of rotation k via this swivel plate and optionally raised or lowered in the parallel direction of a stroke axis w.
• the position and the orientation of the stroke axis w and the axis of rotation k are preferably identical.
• the pivoting movement about the axis of rotation k serves to horizontally position the two workpiece drives in the area of a machining station on the one hand and in the area of a workpiece changer or workpiece supply or a washing station on the other hand.
• the lifting and lowering movement in the direction of the lifting axis w serves for vertical positioning in the area of the washing station or the workpiece changer and in the area of the machining station.
• the workpiece drives have a common translatory stroke axis w, which is arranged parallel or coaxial to the swivel axis k, in the direction of which they are displaceably mounted and driven. This ensures the joint movement of the two workpiece drives with regard to a quick and sufficiently precise setting.
• the independent movement guarantees an optimal and efficient machining process, especially when reworking the workpieces.
• the lifting and lowering movement in the direction of the main axis w also serves to generate the desired contact force during the machining process.
• two workpiece changers are provided and the respective workpiece changer can be pivoted about a pivot axis s arranged at right angles to the lifting axis w between a position W1 below the workpiece drive and at least one position W2 above the workpiece supply and in the direction of a vertical one arranged parallel to the lifting axis w
• Lowering axis nl, n2 is translationally driven and movable and the workpiece changer can transport the workpiece between a position below the workpiece drive and a position above the workpiece supply and can thereby be pivoted through 180 °.
• the pivot axis s formed in this way rotates the respective workpiece starting from its position on the conveyor belt by 180 °, ie its underside, which is oriented downward on the conveyor belt, is oriented upwards after pivoting, so that the workpiece drive can engage there.
• the translatory movement in the direction of the lowering axis nl, n2 ensures, in addition to the orientation of the angular position guaranteed by the pivot axis s, a corresponding orientation of the height for the purpose of transferring the respective workpiece to the workpiece drive or receiving from the conveyor belt. Both the lowering and the swiveling movement about the axis s are preferably carried out for each workpiece changer.
• the work station is designed as a polishing station and has at least two driven polishing plates, which are each rotatably mounted about a polishing axis pl, p2 and are guided in the direction of a translational telescopic axis zl, z2 arranged parallel or coaxial to the polishing axis pl, p2 ,
• the polishing plates are arranged such that a workpiece drive can be placed over one of the polishing plates. Both workpieces can then be processed simultaneously and independently of one another, since the relative speed between the tool and the workpiece on the one hand and the respective contact force on the other hand can be set via the respective workpiece drive.
• the above-mentioned axis of movement i.e. the respective axis of rotation cl, c2, the two pivot axes bl, b2, are the two Sliding axes xl, x2 and the two polishing axes pl, p2 and the two telescopic axes zl, z2 are advantageous to ensure the desired individual, local material removal.
• the workpiece forms the axial stop for the telescopic tool or the polishing plate with reference to the telescopic axes zl, z2.
• the respective contact force, the angular position between the polishing plate and the workpiece, the required relative speed between the polishing plate and the workpiece, and the lateral offset between the polishing plate and the workpiece can thus be set for processing the entire lens surface.
• the respective polishing plate can be rotated about the polishing axis pl, p2 and displaceable parallel to the polishing axis pl, p2.
• Ren, air-assisted telescopic drive is driven, wherein the polishing plate is rotatably connected to the telescopic drive or the polishing shaft for rotation via a bellows and a universal joint.
• the pivoting movement of the polishing plate is thus guided and driven via the universal joint.
• the cardan joint or the respective swivel axis is arranged with a minimal axial distance from the polishing plate, so that a deflection that is as offset-free as possible is ensured.
• the translatory, coaxial movement is guided by the cylindrical translation axis and pneumatically driven.
• the use of a telescopic drive or the telescopic axes zl, z2 for the polishing plate ensures the setting of the desired contact force between the polishing plate and the workpiece.
• the translation axis or the telescopic guide is designed with low friction, so that even with low contact force or low contact pressure, maximum machining or Alternation frequency of the telescopic guide is guaranteed. In particular when machining prismatic surfaces or free-form surfaces, it is therefore possible to adapt or compensate for the height difference of the lens resulting from the rotation.
• the air-assisted telescopic drive represents a drive unit with which in particular the respective axial positioning of the tool in relation to the workpiece and the contact force of the tool on the workpiece can be regulated.
• the bellows is designed to be elastic and has a damping effect on the rotary drive or the tool, ie part of the drive movement introduced into the bellows is converted into deformation energy of the bellows and is thus withdrawn from the drive system, so that any resulting Interference frequencies or vibrations are weakened or extinguished.
• the workpiece drives each have a translatory stroke axis arranged parallel to the axis of rotation c1, c2, in the direction of which they are displaceably mounted and driven, and that the displacement of the workpiece drives in the direction of the respective stroke axis is driven by a ball screw. It is thus achieved that the respective workpiece drive can be adjusted or moved independently of the pick-up of a workpiece on the one hand and on the other hand when machining the workpiece. In particular when processing the workpieces or lenses, the different geometry of the lenses and the required alignment of the lenses during processing can thus be taken into account.
• the drive of this pin bearing also ensures the necessary processing or planting forces for both lenses separately.
• the telescopic drives of the polishing plates have a common motor and are connected to the latter by means of a traction means such as a poly-V belt.
• a traction means such as a poly-V belt.
• the use of a poly-V belt for driving both polishing plates ensures a simple and inexpensive drive variant as well as a very low-vibration and low-noise drive variant.
• the speed ratios to be set individually for the two lenses between the polishing plate and the workpiece are guaranteed via the workpiece drive.
• the polishing plates each have a tool changer or a common tool changer for is assigned to both polishing tools, which has at least one tool magazine for polishing tools.
• the tool magazine serves to adapt the polishing station to the different surface radii of the lenses or polishing variants.
• the use of two separate tool changers, i.e. a separate tool changer for each polishing plate, ensures that the two polishing plates are completely independent.
• a common tool changer for both polishing plates is easier and more effective. If only one lens is to be processed, a parking position is provided for the inactive workpiece drive and the inactive polishing unit.
• the inactive workpiece drive In this park position, the inactive workpiece drive is not driven with regard to its individual axes and is positioned at a sufficient distance relative to the active workpiece drive so that the active tool drive has a maximum radius of action.
• the inactive polishing station is not supplied with polishing agent. This prevents the polishing plate from touching the inactive tool spindle.
• the tool changer is driven and movable in the direction of a translational transport axis t1, t2 and in the direction of a translational exchange axis a1, a2.
• the height difference between the tool magazine and the polishing plate and the lateral offset between the tool magazine and the polishing plate can be compensated for the tool change.
• the tool magazine is designed as a rotatable drum, the drum being a Liquid container is assigned, via which at least part of the tool, a whole or several tools can be wetted with liquid by rotating the drum.
• a liquid container into which the various tools accommodated in the drum can be at least partially immersed by rotating the drum, ensures a simple and clean wetting process and thus constant machining requirements.
• the tool magazine is detachably arranged so that it can be deposited separately in a liquid container for switching off the processing machine for the purpose of wetting the tools.
• An anti-rotation device is provided to ensure that the installation position is correct.
• the tool magazine has a quick-release fastener for fixing on the axis of rotation and a securing device that determines the relative position within the machine.
• the tool magazine or the drum can thus be removed after the machine has been switched off and stored externally in a liquid container.
• the liquid container provided in the machine can be cleaned or serviced.
• a quick exchange is possible thanks to the quick-release fastener.
• the securing device is preferably designed as an anti-rotation device, whereby in addition to the relative position on the axis of rotation, a specific assignment to the respective axis of rotation is also ensured.
• a detection or assignment of the position of the respective tool in the respective drum such. B. provided a numbering.
• a washing station with at least two washing stations is provided, which can be brought into a position S below the workpiece drive, and that the washing station is translatable in the direction of a lifting axis h is risch movable.
• the workpiece in the pivoted position W2 of the workpiece changer, in which it is located above the conveyor belt, the workpiece can be transported to the washing station via the workpiece drive.
• the workpieces can be transferred immediately after washing, immediately after the tool changer has been pivoted into its position W1 below the workpiece drives, after the washing station has been lowered.
• the workpiece spindle is connected to a swivel motor having the first swivel axis b1, b2, the swivel motor being arranged on a common swivel unit or swivel table having the axis of rotation xl, x2 on a common swivel unit or swivel table having the axis of rotation k is pivotable about the axis of rotation k between a position AI in the area of the workpiece changer and a position A2 in the area of the machining station.
• the respective spindle or the the respective workpiece drive can be pivoted in a pendulum motion via the first pivot axis bl, b2. This swinging movement is guaranteed by a swivel motor.
• the pivoting motor is arranged together with the respective workpiece drive on a translation carriage so as to be translationally movable.
• the translation carriage moves in the direction of the translation axis and is controlled and driven separately for each workpiece drive or each swivel motor.
• the two workpiece drives thus formed including the swivel motors and the translation slide, are arranged together on a swivel unit designed as a swivel plate and are swiveled about the axis of rotation k via this swivel plate and optionally raised or lowered in the parallel direction of the stroke axis w.
• the pivoting movement about the axis of rotation k serves to position the two workpiece drives in the area of the machining station on the one hand and in the area of the workpiece changer or the workpiece supply on the other.
• the lifting and lowering movement in the direction of the lifting axis w serves for positioning in the area of the machining station or in the area of the tool changer or the washing station.
• both translation carriages having a common or a separate rail guide.
• the common rail guide ensures optimal installation space.
• the spindle drive is designed as a stepless direct drive with a digital or analog control.
• the angular position of the workpiece with respect to the axis of rotation cl, c2 can thus be regulated quickly and easily.
• the relative position of the lens with respect to the axis of rotation cl, c2 is known from the beginning to the end of the machining process.
• the lens can thus be transferred to the conveyor belt or the lens supply in the desired angular position.
• the swivel unit is driven to rotate about the axis of rotation by means of a swivel arm with a lifting cylinder.
• the drive for the swivel unit can be designed very simply in the manner of a translatory lifting cylinder.
• the use of such a lifting cylinder is possible without expensive gears.
• the individual movement sequence of the two swivel axes bl, b2 and the two displacement axes xl, x2 is adjusted when machining the lenses to avoid a collision of the spindles 4.1, 4.1 '.
• the two workpiece drives are arranged together on a swivel plate, a translation slide being provided in each case. Since the size of the swivel plate is reduced to a minimum, maximum freedom of movement for the workpiece drives is not possible independently of one another. The coordination of the axes ensures the individual machining of both workpieces.
• the tool magazine it is advantageous for the tool magazine to be removed for removal from the processing machine and stored externally in liquid for wetting, and for the tool magazine to be inserted and fastened in relation to the relative position in the machine. This means that the processing machine can be switched off at any time without the risk of the tools drying out.
• Figure 1 is a perspective view of the polishing machine with workpiece drive, polishing unit and workpiece changer;
• FIG. 2 shows the polishing machine according to FIG. 1 with the washing station raised; 3 shows the processing machine according to FIG. 1 with the workpiece drive in the position above the polishing station and tool changer in the change position.
• a processing machine shown in FIG. 1 and designed as a polishing machine 1 has a conveyor belt 3 for optical lenses or workpiece boxes 3.1-3.1 ′′, via which the transport boxes 3.1-3.1 ′′ are brought to a pair of workpiece changers 2.1, 2.1 ′ of the polishing machine 1.
• the respective workpiece changer 2.1, 2.1 ' is designed as a swivel arm which can be swiveled through 180 ° about a swivel axis s.
• a suction cup 2.2, 2.2' is provided for receiving a workpiece or the lens.
• the suction cup 2.2, 2.2 ' is connected via pneumatic lines, not shown, to a vacuum container or a pump, not shown.
• the workpiece changer 2.1, 2.1 ' also has a linear guide, not shown, which can be displaced in the direction of a respective lower axis nl, n2 and via which both swivel arms 2.1, 2.1' essentially in the vertical direction, perpendicular to Swivel axis s can be moved.
• the polishing machine 1 is delimited by four side walls, one end wall 1.2 of which forms the front end according to FIG.
• a polishing station 5 is provided within the polishing machine 1 in the area of this front end wall 1.2.
• two workpiece drives 4a, 4b are provided, which are mounted within the polishing machine via a common swivel unit designed as a swivel plate 4.5 with a common swivel column 4.6.
• a washing station 7 is provided, which can be moved and positioned vertically in the direction of a lifting axis h via a drive (not shown).
• the swivel plate 4.5 with the two workpiece drives 4a, 4b can be swiveled through 90 ° into a position A2 according to FIG. 3 via the swivel column 4.6 starting from the position AI of the workpiece drives 4a, 4b in the area of the tool changer 2.1, 2.1 '.
• the two workpiece drives 4a, 4b are located directly above the polishing station 5.
• This pivoting movement takes place about an axis of rotation k, the pivoting column 4.6 or the pivoting plate 4.5 additionally being vertically movable and positionable in the direction of a stroke axis w parallel to the axis of rotation k ,
• a swivel motor 4.3, 4.3' On the respective translation carriage 4.4, 4.4 'there is a swivel motor 4.3, 4.3' on which a cranked swivel arm 4.7, 4.7 'is pivotally arranged.
• the swivel motor 4.3, 4.3 ' has a swivel axis bl, b2 arranged perpendicular to the displacement axis xl, x2, so that the swivel arm 4.7, 4.7' and thus the workpiece drive 4a, 4b arranged thereon are set in a pendulum motion about this swivel axis bl, b2 can.
• the respective workpiece drive 4a, 4b is arranged with a respective workpiece spindle 4.1, 4.1' which can be rotated about an axis of rotation cl, c2.
• the workpiece spindle 4.1, 4.1 ' has a chuck, not shown, for the workpiece or for a block piece of a lens.
• the axis of rotation cl, c2 is neglecting the pivoting movement about the respective pivot axis b1, b2 in the starting position essentially vertical, at right angles to the respective displacement axis xl, x2.
• the lower axis nl, n2 of the workpiece changer 2.1, 2.1 'and the stroke axis w of the workpiece drives 4a, 4b are arranged in parallel, so that a combined and therefore very fast movement in the direction of the respective axes is possible for the purpose of transferring the lenses or the workpiece.
• the two workpiece drives 4a, 4b are jointly moved into the position via the swivel column 4.6.
• tion AI pivoted above the polishing station 5 according to Figure 3.
• the polishing station 5 has two polishing units, each with a polishing plate 5a, 5b.
• the respective polishing plate 5a, 5b can be rotated about a polishing axis pl, p2 and can be telescoped by means of a telescopic drive, not shown, coaxially to the polishing axes pl, p2 in the direction of a respective telescopic axis zl, z2 and thus brought against the workpiece.
• the respective polishing unit 5a, 5b has a bellows 5.2, 5.2 'to seal the respective polishing plate 5.1, 5.1' and to compensate for the polishing movement or telescopic movement.
• the bellows 5.2, 5.2 ' has an opening at the upper end for receiving the respective workpiece drive 4a, 4b, which seals with the bellows 5.2, 5.2' after being immersed in the respective polishing unit 5a, 5b.
• the contact force of the polishing plate 5a, 5b can be raised or lowered in the direction of the respective telescopic axis zl, z2 in order to control the polishing process.
• the respective workpiece drive 4a, 4b or the respective tool spindle 4.1, 4.1 ' can be pivoted about the respective pivot axis bl, b2 via the pivot motor 4.3, 4.3'.
• the setting of the angular position between the polishing plate 5a, 5b can thus be adjusted with the respective tool 5.1, 5.1 'and the workpiece.
• the respective workpiece drive 4a, 4b can be moved in the direction of the displacement axis xl, x2 in the lateral direction to the respective polishing plate 5a, 5b via the respective translation slide 4.4, 4.4 '.
• all axes of the workpiece drive 4a, 4b that is to say the axis of rotation cl, c2, the pivot axis bl, b2 and the displacement axis xl, x2, are rotated by 90 ° about the axis of rotation k.
• a tool changer 6a, 6b is assigned to the polishing station 5 or the respective polishing unit 5a, 5b.
• the tool changer 6a, 6b can be moved and positioned horizontally essentially translationally in the direction of a transport axis tl and can also be translationally moved and positioned essentially vertically via an exchange axis a1, a2.
• a tool gripper 6.2, 6.2 ' is provided, which ensures that the respective tool 5.1, 5.1' is held or released.
• a common tool changer 6 is provided for both polishing plates 5a, 5b, which can be moved and positioned via a common transport axis T1 and a common exchange axis A1 and has a tool gripper 6.2, 6.2 'at the respective free end for each polishing plate 5a, 5b ,
• a separate tool changer 6a, 6b is provided for each polishing plate 5a, 5b, both tool changers 6a, 6b being able to be moved and positioned independently of one another in the direction of the transport axis T1, T2 and in the direction of the exchange axis A1, A2.
• the tool gripper 6.2 is located directly on a tool drum 6.1, while the tool gripper 6.2 'is arranged directly above the polishing plate 5.1'.
• the respective tool gripper 6.2, 6.2 ' is assigned a tool magazine or a tool drum 6.1, 6.1', which stores several tools 5.1, 5.1 'distributed over their circumference.
• the respective tool drum 6.1, 6.1 ' is rotatably arranged and dips with its lower end, not shown, into a liquid container, not shown.
• the tools contained in the tool drum 6.1, 6.1' are wetted as required.
• the pivoting column 4.6 pivots with the two workpiece drives 4a, 4b into the starting position AI according to FIGS. 1 and 2.
• the tool changer 2.1, 2.1 ' is in its position W2 directly above the conveyor belt 3.
• the washing station 7 moved upwards from their lowered position S in the direction of the lifting axis h, so that the lenses can be introduced into the washing station 7 via the workpiece drives 4a, 4b and the lifting axis w in combination with the lifting movement in the direction of the lifting axis h ,
• the lenses are sprayed off in the washing station 7 and then spun over the workpiece drive 4a, 4b to dry.
• the washing station 7 moves into its lower starting position S according to FIG. 1, while the workpiece changer 2.1, 2.1 'also pivots through 180 ° into its receiving position Wl according to FIG. 1, moves in the direction of its lower axis nl, n2 for the purpose of removing the processed lenses and then picks up the processed lenses via the two suction cups 2.2, 2.2 'and delivers them to the conveyor belt 3.
• polishing station 5a polishing unit polishing plate

Landscapes

• Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
• Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
• Grinding And Polishing Of Tertiary Curved Surfaces And Surfaces With Complex Shapes (AREA)
• Feeding Of Workpieces (AREA)
• Encapsulation Of And Coatings For Semiconductor Or Solid State Devices (AREA)
• Glass Compositions (AREA)
• Lens Barrels (AREA)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Publications (2)

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ID=34966676

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• 2004
  • 2004-04-30 DE DE102004021721A patent/DE102004021721B3/de not_active Expired - Fee Related
• 2005
  • 2005-04-28 EP EP05737908A patent/EP1742766B1/fr active Active
  • 2005-04-28 AT AT05737908T patent/ATE416064T1/de not_active IP Right Cessation
  • 2005-04-28 DE DE502005006145T patent/DE502005006145D1/de active Active
  • 2005-04-28 WO PCT/EP2005/051923 patent/WO2005105372A1/fr active Application Filing
  • 2005-04-28 US US10/574,326 patent/US7422510B2/en active Active

Non-Patent Citations (1)

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