EP1740890A1 - Heating and hot water supply unit and method for operating the same - Google Patents
Heating and hot water supply unit and method for operating the sameInfo
- Publication number
- EP1740890A1 EP1740890A1 EP05733255A EP05733255A EP1740890A1 EP 1740890 A1 EP1740890 A1 EP 1740890A1 EP 05733255 A EP05733255 A EP 05733255A EP 05733255 A EP05733255 A EP 05733255A EP 1740890 A1 EP1740890 A1 EP 1740890A1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- water
- cistern
- roof
- heat
- heat exchanger
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Withdrawn
Links
Classifications
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
- F28D—HEAT-EXCHANGE APPARATUS, NOT PROVIDED FOR IN ANOTHER SUBCLASS, IN WHICH THE HEAT-EXCHANGE MEDIA DO NOT COME INTO DIRECT CONTACT
- F28D20/00—Heat storage plants or apparatus in general; Regenerative heat-exchange apparatus not covered by groups F28D17/00 or F28D19/00
- F28D20/0034—Heat storage plants or apparatus in general; Regenerative heat-exchange apparatus not covered by groups F28D17/00 or F28D19/00 using liquid heat storage material
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
- F24D—DOMESTIC- OR SPACE-HEATING SYSTEMS, e.g. CENTRAL HEATING SYSTEMS; DOMESTIC HOT-WATER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; ELEMENTS OR COMPONENTS THEREFOR
- F24D11/00—Central heating systems using heat accumulated in storage masses
- F24D11/02—Central heating systems using heat accumulated in storage masses using heat pumps
- F24D11/0214—Central heating systems using heat accumulated in storage masses using heat pumps water heating system
- F24D11/0221—Central heating systems using heat accumulated in storage masses using heat pumps water heating system combined with solar energy
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
- F24T—GEOTHERMAL COLLECTORS; GEOTHERMAL SYSTEMS
- F24T10/00—Geothermal collectors
- F24T10/10—Geothermal collectors with circulation of working fluids through underground channels, the working fluids not coming into direct contact with the ground
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
- F28D—HEAT-EXCHANGE APPARATUS, NOT PROVIDED FOR IN ANOTHER SUBCLASS, IN WHICH THE HEAT-EXCHANGE MEDIA DO NOT COME INTO DIRECT CONTACT
- F28D7/00—Heat-exchange apparatus having stationary tubular conduit assemblies for both heat-exchange media, the media being in contact with different sides of a conduit wall
- F28D7/02—Heat-exchange apparatus having stationary tubular conduit assemblies for both heat-exchange media, the media being in contact with different sides of a conduit wall the conduits being helically coiled
- F28D7/022—Heat-exchange apparatus having stationary tubular conduit assemblies for both heat-exchange media, the media being in contact with different sides of a conduit wall the conduits being helically coiled the conduits of two or more media in heat-exchange relationship being helically coiled, the coils having a cylindrical configuration
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02B—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO BUILDINGS, e.g. HOUSING, HOUSE APPLIANCES OR RELATED END-USER APPLICATIONS
- Y02B10/00—Integration of renewable energy sources in buildings
- Y02B10/20—Solar thermal
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02B—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO BUILDINGS, e.g. HOUSING, HOUSE APPLIANCES OR RELATED END-USER APPLICATIONS
- Y02B10/00—Integration of renewable energy sources in buildings
- Y02B10/40—Geothermal heat-pumps
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02B—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO BUILDINGS, e.g. HOUSING, HOUSE APPLIANCES OR RELATED END-USER APPLICATIONS
- Y02B10/00—Integration of renewable energy sources in buildings
- Y02B10/70—Hybrid systems, e.g. uninterruptible or back-up power supplies integrating renewable energies
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E10/00—Energy generation through renewable energy sources
- Y02E10/10—Geothermal energy
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
- Y02E60/14—Thermal energy storage
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E70/00—Other energy conversion or management systems reducing GHG emissions
- Y02E70/30—Systems combining energy storage with energy generation of non-fossil origin
Definitions
- Heating and hot water preparation system and method for operating such are known.
- the invention relates to a heating and / or hot water preparation system with a device for heating water under the influence of environmental energy, which water can be stored in a container, for example a rainwater cistern or the like. Furthermore, with a heat pump, with a first, external coolant circuit with a heat exchanger which is fed by water from a rainwater cistern or the like, in which heat exchanger by the
- Heat pumps represent a particularly elegant and energy-saving device for low-temperature and water treatment systems. They are able to heat from a low temperature level, for example well water of, for example, 10 ° C. to pump to a temperature of 30-50 ° C. Depending on the parameters of such a system, performance figures of up to 6 can be achieved. (The coefficient of performance indicates how much greater the thermal output of the system compared to the electrical power supplied). Powerful so-called However, water / water heat pumps require a supply of not inconsiderable amounts of water, which are typically obtained from wells. The water cooled in the heat pump must then be returned to the groundwater via swallowing wells. In general, this not only results in extremely high investments, but is increasingly rejected by the authorities with regard to the risk of groundwater contamination.
- Another method is to extract heat from the ambient air. These systems require a very high air throughput, which can lead to rather modest performance figures and considerable noise emissions. In winter, the heat exchangers typically freeze, which necessitates regular defrosting, which further reduces the average coefficient of performance.
- the heat exchanger is iced up at these temperatures, starting with the supply of the brine cooled to, for example, -4 ° C. in the heat pump.
- Such ice formation is inevitable when the latent heat of the water is used, but it is crucial that the formation of larger, massive ice volumes is avoided.
- the aim of the invention is to produce ice layers on a heat exchanger with a relatively large surface area, which in turn have a large surface area. The deterioration of the heat transfer through the ice layers is compensated for by a correspondingly more generous dimensioning of the heat exchanger. Among these, unfavorable ones that occur relatively rarely in the course of a year
- the heat exchanger is constructed from a number of segments, each of which has a flow and a return collector, which are essentially tubular or plate-shaped parallel heat exchange elements connected to each other, around which the cistern water flows and through which the coolant of the heat pump can flow, whereby the adjacent heat exchanger segments can be flowed in opposite directions and the flow and return collectors of the adjacent segments are arranged directly next to one another, furthermore with an electronic control in particular, which depends on of signals from temperature sensors on the roof surface, in the cistern and / or in lines controls the pump and any valves, so that in normal operation water is pumped from the cistern to the roof, heated there and can be returned to the cistern if there is a risk of freezing Water in the distribution pipes or on the roof skin the pump and valves are controlled so that the
- Such a solution requires only a small investment, so that in general the entire roof area can be used to heat the secondary water, but at least the areas that are exposed to high levels of radiation (east, south or west).
- a further advantage of this solution is that the roof is in no way visually impaired by this use of solar energy, since the roof skin itself is used as a heat source and, in a further advantageous embodiment of the invention, the distributor pipes for uniformly sprinkling the roof skin, covered in ridge riders can be.
- the object of the invention also has significant advantages over the prior art with regard to environmental aspects.
- pure water in particular rainwater, is used for filling the cistern, so that even if the system leaks, the environment is not polluted, in particular the groundwater cannot be contaminated. It is therefore also permissible to overflow the cistern into the
- the heat exchanger is designed as a counterflow heat exchanger through which the medium from the evaporator circuit of the heat pump can flow and on the other hand the cistern water.
- the cooled cistern water emerging from the heat exchanger is conveyed via a valve to the distributor pipes on the roof and finely distributed on the roof surface.
- a connecting line with a valve is provided between the supply line to the distribution pipes and the cistern, which leads into the supply line to the distribution pipes upstream of the valve.
- the system also has an electronic control, in particular, which is dependent on signals from temperature sensors on the roof surface, in the cistern and / or in
- valves and the pump are controlled in such a way that the cistern water cooled in the counterflow heat exchanger can be returned directly to the cistern via the open valve, so that the thermal capacity of the water in the cistern including at least a part of the latent heat of the cistern and possibly the geothermal energy supplied through the cistern wall can be used. It is essential in this variant of the invention that the ice crystals formed when the latent heat of the water is used are flushed through the flow from the heat exchanger into the cistern and one
- Patent claims 14 to 17 describe a method for operating a heating and water heating system with a water tank, in particular the cistern, which is initially filled with preferably rainwater, followed by this water via a heat exchanger in which the cold brine coming from a heat pump or the like is heated and in normal operation by means of a pump or the like, if necessary, periodically passed onto a roof and then on this or the like. Periodically passed onto a roof and then finely distributed thereon, the water heated on the roof skin being collected in a rain gutter and being returned to the water tank.
- the manifolds and supply lines are emptied and shut off by closing the valves.
- the thermal capacity of the cistern water including at least part of the latent heat of the same and, when the cistern is sunk in the ground, the heat supplied by the geothermal heat of the cistern for heating the
- the heat pump used Appropriate control of the pump and the valves allows mixing of the water in the cistern to be achieved, so that local hypothermia is largely avoided.
- the feed pump is advantageously switched on in summer operation, in particular when the heat pump is switched off, the cooler running over the roof skin
- Cistern water causes cooling of the roof directly and additionally by evaporation and, if the cistern is buried in the ground, the comparatively warm cistern water heats up the surrounding soil, which in addition provides heat in heat pump operation to heat the cistern water.
- An important aspect of the new process is that the roof skin is kept free of snow as much as possible, since the thermal insulation effect of the snow means that no heat can be transferred from the surroundings to the roof. To avoid this, the sprinkling of the roof surface can be switched on via a snow sensor or a switch that can be actuated by hand, so that the snow is thawed immediately in snow or snowfall and the roof is thus covered by
- Snow is freed.
- the snow can also be defrosted using other means, such as heating cables, such as those used for gutter heating.
- FIG.l shows schematically a system according to the invention
- Figures 2a to 2c represent a first embodiment of a heat exchanger in different views.
- Figures 3 and 4 show variants of heat exchangers in axisionometric representation
- Fig. 5 shows the associated installation diagram.
- FIGS. 6 and 7a, 7b show different variants of distributor pipes.
- FIG. 8 illustrates one
- Figure 9 shows a detail of the same.
- Fig. 1 shows schematically a heating and hot water preparation system for example for a family home.
- the house has a pent roof with a roof skin on the side facing the sun (south or west) 1.
- a water distribution pipe 5 is arranged in the upper area of the roof.
- Such a tube 5 is shown in detail in FIG. 6.
- the distributor pipe is made of stainless steel or plastic and has at the ends facing away from the feed pipe 3 a vertically upwardly directed pipe socket 65.
- the distributor pipe 5 has a series of small bores 66 through which the water is uniformly distributed over the roof surface is distributed.
- the two branches of the distributor pipe 5 can have a slight slope towards the pipe socket 65.
- the pressure of the feed pump 15 is set so that the water level in the two pipe sockets 65 is approximately halfway up. The water therefore emerges along the entire pipe 5 from the bores 66 with a low, defined pressure.
- the water trickling over the roof surface is collected in the gutter 7a.
- the water is fed to a cistern 11 through rain pipes 7b.
- This cistern is filled with rainwater, only when the system is commissioned will it generally have to be at least partially infested with water from a utility or drinking water line.
- a schematically illustrated heat exchanger 67 is arranged in the cistern 11.
- the brine (or otherwise a suitable, frost-proof Medium) of a heat pump 24, the consumer circuit is designated 22, 23. (Details of such a heat pump system are explained in more detail below with reference to FIG. 8).
- the heat exchanger 67 is constructed from two segments or modules which consist of a multiplicity of heat exchanger elements 70.
- Each of these heat exchanger elements comprises a flow header 71, which is connected to a return header 72 by a series of parallel tubes 68.
- the pipes 68 are bent in a U-shape, so that the pipes leading to the return collectors 72 are arranged between adjacent rows of pipes starting from flow collectors 71.
- the icing continues along the tubes 68.
- the areas near the return collectors 72 remain ice-free the longest. This measure ensures that no massive ice block forms on the collectors, which due to its relatively small surface area can then only be defrosted with difficulty.
- the layers of ice adhering to the tube bundles are rather relatively large
- the total surface of the heat exchanger tubes 68 is dimensioned such that an acceptable coefficient of performance of the system can still be achieved even with moderate icing (ice thickness ⁇ 5-6 mm).
- Heat transfer is primarily determined by the thermal conductivity of the ice layer and not so much by that of the pipe material.
- plastics such as polypropylene or polyethylene are also suitable in the present case.
- Cistern water receives. If, for example, the roof 1 reaches plus degrees in the sun on a winter day and is warmer than the cistern water, the pump 35 is switched on by the controller 35. If the roof skin temperature is below 0 ° C, so that the distributor pipe 5 and partly also the supply pipe 3 could freeze, the pump 15 is switched off. The water in the pipes then flows back through the pump into the cistern.
- One advantage of the system according to the invention is that the thermal capacity of the cistern water can be used almost completely: the water can not only be cooled to 0 ° C, one can also use at least some of the latent heat of the water during the transition from the liquid to the solid state , Since this latent heat or melting heat in water is 82 kWh / m 3 , a huge additional energy potential is available with a typical cistern size of 10-15 m 3 .
- FIGS. 3 and 4 show two different alternatives to the heat exchanger modules shown in FIGS. 1 and 2, which above all result in better accessibility during assembly and maintenance work.
- the tubes 68 are arranged along cylindrical surfaces and fed by vertically running flow collectors 71.
- the return collectors are also vertical.
- the tubes 68 are secured in their position by spacers, not shown. As shown schematically in Fig. 5, a number of these vertical axis modules 73 are installed in the cistern. The diameter of the modules is smaller than the clear width of the manhole 74, so that they can be easily retracted during assembly.
- the pump 15 designed as a submersible pump is arranged in a sector of the cistern 11, 7b denotes the inlet from the roof, 74 is a Filter basket refers to the impurities in the water coming from the roof.
- the modules 73 are of spiral design: the tubes that run horizontally between the vertical flow and return collectors 71 and 72 are first folded in a U-shape and then rolled up in a spiral and secured by spacers (not shown). The assembly in the cistern again takes place according to FIG. 5.
- Fig. 8 shows schematically an alternative heating and hot water preparation system for example for a family home.
- the house has a roof with a roof skin on the side facing the sun (south or west) 1 and on the side facing away from the sun (north or east) 2.
- the ridge 51 of the roof has so-called.
- Ridge rider 52 which enclose water distribution pipes 5 and 6.
- a small section of these tubes 5, 6 is shown in detail in FIGS. 7a and 7b, with FIG.
- FIG. 7a shows a part of these tubes in a top view
- FIG. 7b illustrates a cross section through such a tube.
- the distribution pipes 5 and 6 are designed as corrugated pipes made of stainless steel or plastic and are slotted at the top or provided with holes so that the water supplied through the pipes 5 and 6 escapes essentially without pressure and finely distributed over the roof skin 1,2 flows below and is finally collected in the gutter 7a.
- the water is fed to a cistern 11 through rain pipes 7b. With 29 a float arranged in the cistern 11 is designated, which controls an overflow valve and / or a water level indicator (not shown).
- a counterflow heat exchanger 18 is arranged in the cistern 11 and is constructed coaxially.
- Inner tube 17 of the heat exchanger 18 circulates the brine (or another suitable, frost-proof medium) of a heat pump 24.
- the brine cooled in the heat pump evaporator, not shown, which emerges from the heat pump at 21, is circulated through the inner tube 17 of the heat exchanger by a circulation pump 16 pumped.
- the tube 17 is encased by a coaxial, outer tube through which rainwater draws in rainwater from the cistern 11 through a circulating pump 15
- Countercurrent cooler 18 is cooled and finally fed to the distribution pipes 5 and 6 via lines 3 and 4.
- the rainwater of the secondary circuit can assume a temperature of 0 ° C at the outlet of the heat exchanger 18 under certain conditions, in extreme cases this temperature can even fall slightly below.
- the circulation pump 15 remains in operation and pumps water from the cistern onto the roof surfaces.
- the pump 15 is controlled by an electronic control 35, which receives the signals from temperature sensors 33, 34 on the roof skin 1 or 2 and from such a sensor 32 in the cistern water. If, for example, on a cold winter day, the roof 1 is in the sun and reaches a few plus degrees, while the roof 2 lying in the shade is in the frost area, the motor-operated valve 27 b is closed by the controller 35. If the roof skin temperature on both roof halves is in the region of the temperature of the cistern water or below, the pump 15 is stopped, so that the pipes 3, 4 and 5, 6 are at least partially emptied by the pump 15.
- both valves 27a and 27b and the drain valve 28 are opened.
- the water in the pipes flows back into the cistern.
- the pump 15 can be activated by actuating a manual switch 36.
- the valve 28 is closed and the valves 27a, 27b remain in the open position or are brought into this.
- the heat pump 24 is switched off during the defrosting process, so that cistern water and not water cooled by the heat pump is pumped onto the roof.
- the roof membrane and the liquid film forming the snow layer causes the snow layer to defrost, so that the roof surfaces are free again.
- defrosting is carried out periodically, keeping the roof free of snow.
- a further "cooling operation" can further cool these areas, however, in this case with a reduced coefficient of performance, can be achieved: the medium in the low temperature circuit is heated by a counterflow heat exchanger 19 between the high and low temperature circuit of the heat pump 24.
- the heat exchanger 19 is connected as a consumer in the high-temperature circuit and is connected on the one hand to the hot water inlet 23 and on the other hand to the hot water return 22.
- thermostatic valve 25 inserted into the inlet or return to this heat exchanger controls this "feedback" function of the system.
- the temperature sensor 26 of the thermostatic valve 25 is fastened to a pipe in the return line of the water of the primary circuit 8, the boiler for the heating system (in particular for a low-temperature heating system such as floors, ceilings and or wall) are shown in Fig. 8 for reasons of clarity ) and for water heating for the bathroom, kitchen, etc. not shown
- FIG. 8 shows a photo-voltaic panel 31 integrated into the roof skin 1, as is marketed for example by PREFA under the name "PREFA-SOLAR".
- PREFA-SOLAR a photo-voltaic panel 31 integrated into the roof skin 1, as is marketed for example by PREFA under the name "PREFA-SOLAR”.
- Such photo-voltaic panels have an efficiency, which is strongly temperature-dependent and worsens with increasing temperature. By sprinkling with the comparatively cool cistern water, the panels are cooled and thus their efficiency is increased.
- a weatherproof distributor 8 is provided in the rain pipe 7b, via which heat can be extracted from the rainwater of the secondary circuit at two different temperature levels without using the heat pump 24.
- the corresponding derivatives are designated 9 and 10.
- Fig. 9 shows details of the distributor 8.
- a rainwater filter from WISY AG, Haustechniksysteme is used, which in his
- Thermostatic valve in the discharge line 10, the capillary bulb 40 is also arranged in the connecting pipe. However, this valve is set to a higher temperature and only opens, for example, at a temperature of 50 ° C.
- the water from the discharge line 9, which has at least a temperature of 30 ° C. is fed to a heat exchanger 47a arranged in a heating boiler 48 and is finally fed back into the rain pipe 7b.
- the boiler 48 is connected to the supply and return lines 23 and 22 of the heat pump 24 via the connecting pieces 57, 58.
- water can be drawn off and on again via the connections 59 and 60 be returned.
- the water coming from the roof reaches one
- the thermostatic valve 42 also opens and water now flows through the connecting pipe 10 to a heat exchanger 47b, which is arranged in a second boiler 49.
- the water emerging from the heat exchanger 47b is returned to the cistern via the rain pipe 7b.
- the boiler 49 is heated by the heat pump 24.
- Boiler 49 is connected to the supply and return lines 23, 22 of the heat pump via the connections 55, 56.
- a second heat exchanger 46 is arranged in the boiler 49, in which drinking water is heated.
- the rainwater filter is emptied through a by-pass line 43. This by-pass also ensures a corresponding water exchange in the area of the rainwater filter connection pipe, so that the Temperature sensors 39, 40 of the thermostatic valves 41, 42 are always supplied with fresh water.
- 38 denotes a ventilation pipe.
- the roof surfaces For heating water for heating purposes and hot water preparation, it is advantageous not to sprinkle the roof surfaces continuously with cistern water, but periodically. This means that the roof skin has the option of returning to a higher temperature.
- the return temperature of the cistus water could be increased from 15 ° C with continuous sprinkling to 35 ° C with periodic operation, whereby the amount of water generated was naturally reduced.
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Thermal Sciences (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Sustainable Development (AREA)
- Sustainable Energy (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
- Steam Or Hot-Water Central Heating Systems (AREA)
- Buildings Adapted To Withstand Abnormal External Influences (AREA)
Abstract
Description
Claims
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
AT0073404A AT412818B (en) | 2004-04-28 | 2004-04-28 | Heating and/or hot water heating system has heat exchanger constructed from row of segments each with feed and return collector interconnected by heat exchanger elements and washed through by cistern water |
PCT/AT2005/000143 WO2005106349A1 (en) | 2004-04-28 | 2005-04-27 | Heating and hot water supply unit and method for operating the same |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
EP1740890A1 true EP1740890A1 (en) | 2007-01-10 |
Family
ID=33494504
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
EP05733255A Withdrawn EP1740890A1 (en) | 2004-04-28 | 2005-04-27 | Heating and hot water supply unit and method for operating the same |
Country Status (5)
Country | Link |
---|---|
US (1) | US7575047B2 (en) |
EP (1) | EP1740890A1 (en) |
AT (2) | AT412818B (en) |
RU (1) | RU2310137C1 (en) |
WO (1) | WO2005106349A1 (en) |
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US9328932B2 (en) | 2007-06-27 | 2016-05-03 | Racool, L.L.C. | Building designs and heating and cooling systems |
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US8640765B2 (en) | 2010-02-23 | 2014-02-04 | Robert Jensen | Twisted conduit for geothermal heating and cooling systems |
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US8678706B2 (en) * | 2010-04-09 | 2014-03-25 | Edge Technology | Surface water heating system for irrigation and frost prevention |
WO2012060913A1 (en) * | 2010-11-04 | 2012-05-10 | Geoenergy Enterprises, Llc. | Geothermal system |
WO2012060912A1 (en) * | 2010-11-04 | 2012-05-10 | Geoenergy Enterprises, Llc. | Geothermal column |
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WO2005106349A1 (en) | 2005-11-10 |
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ATA7342004A (en) | 2004-12-15 |
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