JP6064671B2 - Tank system and control method thereof - Google Patents

Description

  The present invention relates to a tank system for storing water, and more particularly to a tank system that can effectively use the heat of stored water.

  In recent years, domestic tank systems have been developed that store rainwater and the like, and use the stored water for planting and car washing applications that do not require good water quality. Such a tank system has been attracting attention in recent years because it can effectively use resources and also serves as a measure against water breakage due to a disaster or the like (for example, see Patent Document 1).

JP 2003-199377 A

  Patent Document 1 discloses a system in which rainwater or the like attached to a solar panel is stored in a water storage tank, and tap water is preheated by the heat of the stored water. However, in the system of Patent Document 1, it is difficult to efficiently use the heat of the stored water. Then, an object of this invention is to provide the tank system which cools the outer wall of a building with water, makes the water acquire the heat energy which arises in that case, and can utilize the heat energy of water effectively.

  A tank system according to an embodiment of the present invention includes a first water storage tank in which tap water is stored, and a first supply unit for supplying the water stored in the first water storage tank to the outside. A second water storage tank in which water flowing on the outer wall of the building is stored; water that has flowed on the outer wall of the building is poured into the second water storage tank; and water that has flowed on the outer wall of the building; And a first water supply channel provided so that heat exchange can be performed with the tap water stored in the first water storage tank.

  These general or specific aspects may be realized by a system, a method, an integrated circuit, a computer program, or a recording medium such as a computer-readable CD-ROM. The system, method, integrated circuit, computer program Also, any combination of recording media may be realized.

  According to the tank system concerning the present invention, the outer wall of a building is cooled with water, the thermal energy generated at that time is acquired by water, and the thermal energy of water can be used effectively.

FIG. 1 is a diagram illustrating an example when the tank system according to Embodiment 1 is used in a general house. FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of a water storage tank portion of the tank system according to the first embodiment. FIG. 3 is a system block diagram showing the configuration of the control unit. FIG. 4 is a flowchart of an operation in which the control unit switches the switching unit according to the temperature. FIG. 5 is a flowchart of an operation in which the control unit switches the switching unit according to the amount of solar radiation. FIG. 6 is a flowchart of the operation of the tank system according to the first embodiment. FIG. 7 is a first schematic diagram for explaining the operation of the tank system. FIG. 8 is a second schematic diagram for explaining the operation of the tank system. FIG. 9 is a third schematic diagram for explaining the operation of the tank system. FIG. 10 is a fourth schematic diagram for explaining the operation of the tank system. FIG. 11 is a fifth schematic diagram for explaining the operation of the tank system. FIG. 12 is a diagram showing the relationship between the temperature of the PV panel and time. FIG. 13 is a diagram showing the relationship between the amount of water sprayed on the PV panel, the power generation efficiency of the PV panel, and the heat extraction efficiency. FIG. 14 is a flowchart showing water spray control of the control unit based on the temperature of the collected water. FIG. 15 is a diagram for explaining switching control of the switching unit by the control unit according to the second embodiment. FIG. 16 is a flowchart of switching control of the switching unit by the control unit according to the second embodiment. FIG. 17 is a schematic diagram of a water storage tank portion of the tank system according to the third embodiment. FIG. 18 is a diagram illustrating the flow of water during normal circulation of the tank system according to the third embodiment. FIG. 19 is a diagram illustrating the flow of water when water accumulated in the first water injection channel is drained. FIG. 20 is a schematic diagram of a tank system that performs drainage control with two pumps. FIG. 21 is a flowchart of switching control of the switching unit by the control unit according to the fourth embodiment. FIG. 22 is an external view of a PV panel. FIG. 23 is an enlarged view of a portion surrounded by a broken line in FIG. FIG. 24 is a diagram showing a coking process portion between frames. FIG. 25 is a schematic diagram of a tank system when the second water storage tank has a heat dissipation structure. FIG. 26 is a schematic diagram of a tank system in the case where the second water storage tank includes a plurality of water storage units. FIG. 27 is a flowchart of the operation of the tank system shown in FIG. FIG. 28 is a first schematic diagram for explaining the snow melting process of the tank system. FIG. 29 is a second schematic diagram for explaining the snow melting process of the tank system. FIG. 30 is a third schematic diagram for explaining the snow melting process of the tank system. FIG. 31 is a fourth schematic diagram for explaining the snow melting process of the tank system.

(Knowledge that became the basis of the present invention)
As described in the background art, Patent Document 1 discloses a system in which rainwater or the like attached to a solar panel is stored in a water storage tank, and tap water is preheated by the heat of the stored water.

  The system described in Patent Document 1 is configured to preheat tap water that passes through the supply pipe with the heat of the stored water, but in such a configuration, tap water that passes through the supply pipe passes only through the supply pipe. Preheated. Therefore, when the temperature of the stored water is low, that is, at night, the tap water passing through the supply pipe cannot be sufficiently preheated. That is, the problem is that the efficiency of heat exchange is poor.

  Therefore, a tank system according to an aspect of the present invention includes a first water storage tank that stores tap water, and a first supply unit that supplies the water stored in the first water storage tank to the outside. A second water storage tank in which water flowing on the outer wall of the building is stored; water that has flowed on the outer wall of the building is poured into the second water storage tank; and water that has flowed on the outer wall of the building; And a first water supply channel provided so that heat exchange can be performed with the tap water stored in the first water storage tank. That is, the water injected into the first water supply channel is cooled by exchanging heat with the water stored in the first water storage tank while flowing through the first water supply channel, and the first water storage tank The water stored in is heated by the heat exchange.

  Thereby, the water with high water temperature flowing on the outer wall of the building can reliably exchange heat with the water stored in the first water storage tank while flowing through the first water injection channel. Specifically, the water injected into the first water injection channel is cooled by exchanging heat with the water stored in the first water storage tank while flowing through the first water injection channel, and the first water storage tank The water stored in is heated by the heat exchange. In addition, the water stored in the first water storage tank is sufficiently filled with tap water stored in the first water storage tank because water with high water temperature flowing on the outer wall of the building repeatedly flows into the first water injection channel. It is possible to preheat. That is, heat flowing between the water flowing on the outer wall of the building such as rain water and tap water can be exchanged with high efficiency.

  In one embodiment of the present invention, a PV (PhotoVoltical) panel may be provided on at least a part of the outer wall of the building.

  As a result, the water flowing on the PV (PhotoVoltaic) panel whose temperature has risen due to solar radiation is poured into the first water channel, so that the water stored in the first water storage tank can be preheated more sufficiently. Become.

  In the aspect of the present invention, the water stored in the second water storage tank may be further supplied to a spraying unit that sprays the outer wall of the building.

  As a result, water can be actively injected into the first water supply channel and heat exchange can be performed. Moreover, when a PV panel is provided on the outer wall of a building, power generation efficiency can be increased by cleaning the surface of the PV panel. At the same time, the power generation efficiency of the PV panel can be increased by cooling the PV panel by spraying water from the spraying section. Furthermore, since the high temperature water sprayed by the spraying unit on the PV panel is poured into the first water channel, the water stored in the first water storage tank can be sufficiently preheated.

  Moreover, 1 aspect of this invention WHEREIN: The said 1st water supply path may inject the water which the said dispersion | spreading part spread on the outer wall of the said building to a said 2nd water storage tank.

  That is, when the spraying unit continues spraying, the water flowing on the outer wall of the building can be circulated, whereby the water flowing on the outer wall of the building and the tap water can be actively exchanged with heat.

  In one aspect of the present invention, the material of the first water storage tank may be higher in heat insulation than the material of the second water storage tank.

  Thereby, the temperature of the tap water in the preheated 1st water storage tank can be maintained.

  Moreover, 1 aspect of this invention WHEREIN: The said 2nd water storage tank may be equipped with the thermal radiation part for radiating the water stored by the said 2nd water storage tank.

  Thereby, the water temperature of the preheated second water storage tank can be lowered. In the case where the PV panel and the spraying unit are provided, the PV panel can be cooled more efficiently by spraying water with the water temperature lowered.

  In one aspect of the present invention, the second water injection channel for pouring water that has flowed on the outer wall of the building into the second water storage tank, and the water that has flowed on the outer wall of the building You may provide the switching part which switches whether it injects into a 1st water injection path, or the water injection to a said 2nd water injection path.

  Thereby, it is possible to switch whether or not to exchange heat between water flowing on the outer wall of the building such as rain water and tap water stored in the first water storage tank.

  Further, in one aspect of the present invention, the second water storage tank is separated into a first water storage section and a second water storage section, and the first water storage section is provided on an outer wall of the building. The water flowing through the first water injection channel may be injected from the first water injection channel, and the water flowing on the outer wall of the building may be injected into the second water storage unit from the second water injection channel.

  Moreover, in one aspect of the present invention, the control unit that controls the switching of the switching unit and the temperature of the outside air around the building, the temperature of the outer wall of the building, or the water that has flowed on the outer wall of the building A temperature measuring unit configured to measure temperature; and when the temperature measured by the temperature measuring unit is equal to or higher than a predetermined temperature, the water flowing on the outer wall of the building is poured into the first water channel. When the temperature measured by the temperature measuring unit is lower than a predetermined temperature, the switching of the switching unit is controlled so that water flowing on the outer wall of the building is poured into the second water channel. May be.

  In other words, by switching the injection destination of the water that has flowed on the outer wall of the building according to the water temperature, only the high-temperature water is injected into the first water supply channel, and the water stored in the first water storage tank is effectively used. Can be preheated.

  Moreover, in one aspect of the present invention, the control unit starts to inject the water that has flowed on the outer wall of the building into the second water storage tank until a predetermined time elapses. The switching is performed such that water flowing on the outer wall is poured into the second water channel, and after the predetermined time has elapsed, water flowing on the outer wall of the building is poured into the first water channel. The switching of the units may be controlled.

  For example, when a spraying unit and a PV panel are provided, the PV panel on which the spraying unit sprays water is initially dirty. Therefore, the first predetermined amount of water supplied to the PV panel is poured into the second water storage unit and is not poured into the first water storage unit, so that the first water storage unit has more dust than the second water storage unit. As a result, the water in the first water reservoir and the water in the second water reservoir can be properly used according to the purpose.

  Moreover, 1 aspect of this invention WHEREIN: The said 2nd water storage tank may be equipped with the 2nd supply part for supplying the water stored by the said 2nd water storage tank to the exterior.

  Thereby, the water stored in the 2nd water storage tank can be used effectively.

  Moreover, 1 aspect of this invention WHEREIN: The said 1st water injection path may be provided in the inside of a said 1st water storage tank.

  Moreover, 1 aspect of this invention WHEREIN: The said 1st water supply path may be provided in the exterior of the said 1st water storage tank.

  In the aspect of the invention, the first water storage tank may be provided in the vicinity of the second water storage tank.

  Further, in one aspect of the present invention, a water injection unit that injects tap water into the first water storage tank, a water amount control unit that controls the amount of the tap water injected by the water injection unit, and the first A water amount measuring unit that measures the amount of water in the water storage tank, and the water amount control unit controls the water injection unit to control the tap water when the water amount measured by the water amount measuring unit falls below a predetermined amount of water. Water may be poured into the first water storage tank.

  Moreover, 1 aspect of this invention WHEREIN: Furthermore, the water stored in the said 1st water storage tank supplied from the said 1st supply part may be supplied to the hot water heater which boils water.

  Thereby, it is possible to more effectively exchange heat between the water flowing on the outer wall of the building and the tap water by determining whether or not the tap water is in the first water storage tank or more.

  Moreover, 1 aspect of this invention WHEREIN: The water stored by the said 2nd water storage tank may be supplied to a toilet from the said 2nd supply part.

  In addition, the tank system control method according to one aspect of the present invention includes a first water storage tank that includes a first supply unit that stores tap water and supplies the stored tap water to the outside. The second water storage tank in which the water flowing on the panel is stored, and the water flowing on the PV panel and the tap water stored in the first water storage tank are provided so as to be able to exchange heat. A first water injection channel for injecting water flowing on the PV panel into the second water storage tank; and a second water injection channel for injecting water flowing on the PV panel into the second water storage tank. A water supply channel, a switching unit that switches whether water flowing on the PV panel is injected into the first water injection channel or the second water injection channel, and water flowing on the PV panel A tank system control method comprising a temperature measuring unit for measuring water temperature When the temperature measured by the temperature measuring unit is lower than a predetermined temperature, the first step of switching the switching unit so that water flowing on the outer wall of the building is poured into the first water channel. And, when the temperature measured by the temperature measuring unit is equal to or higher than a predetermined temperature, a second step of switching the switching unit so that water flowing on the outer wall of the building is poured into the second water channel. including.

  Hereinafter, embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the drawings.

  Each of the embodiments described below shows a preferred specific example of the present invention. Numerical values, shapes, constituent elements, arrangement positions and connection forms of constituent elements, processing steps, order of steps, and the like shown in the following embodiments are merely examples, and are not intended to limit the present invention. In addition, among the constituent elements in the following embodiments, constituent elements that are not described in the independent claims indicating the highest concept are described as optional constituent elements.

(Embodiment 1)
First, the outline of the tank system according to Embodiment 1 of the present invention will be described.

  FIG. 1 is a diagram illustrating an example when the tank system according to Embodiment 1 of the present invention is used in a general house.

  A PV panel 40 (solar panel) is provided on the roof 70 of the house shown in FIG. 1, and a part of electric power used in the house can be generated by the PV panel 40. In the tank system 100, water flowing on the PV panel 40 acquires thermal energy from the PV panel 40, and tap water stored in the first water storage tank 110 by the thermal energy (water that is poured from the water supply 20). ) Can be preheated, and heat exchange can be repeated using the first water injection channel 140.

  Specifically, the first water injection path 140 is provided so as to exchange heat with tap water stored in the first water storage tank 110. Thereby, for example, when using hot water in the bath 10 in a house, the water heater 30 is usually used, but the water supplied to the water heater 30 is preheated in the first water storage tank 110. Thus, it is possible to reduce the amount of power consumed by the water heater 30 and the amount of gas consumed.

  The water stored in the second water storage tank 120 is pumped up by the first pump 170 and sprayed onto the roof 70 and the PV panel 40 by the spraying unit 50. The sprayed water flows on the PV panel and is again injected into the second water storage tank 120 via the first water injection path 140. At this time, the water stored in the first water storage tank 110 is preheated again. That is, by circulating the water stored in the second water storage tank 120, the cooling of the PV panel 40 and the preheating of the water stored in the first water storage tank 110 can be repeatedly performed.

  Next, the tank system 100 will be described in detail with reference to FIGS.

  FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of a water storage tank portion of the tank system 100.

  As shown in FIG. 2, the tank system 100 includes a first water storage tank 110, a second water storage tank 120, a first water injection path 140, a second water injection path 150, and a switching unit 210. Prepare. In addition, as shown in FIG. 1, a spreading unit 50, a PV panel 40, and a pyranometer 60 are provided on the roof 70. The water heater 30 is connected to the tank system 100.

  First, details of the water storage tank portion will be described with reference to FIG.

  Tap water is stored in the first water storage tank 110 from the first water injection unit 180. In the present embodiment, the amount of water stored in the first water storage tank 110 is not particularly limited, but is about 400 liters, for example. Moreover, the 1st water storage tank 110 is provided with the 1st supply part 111 for supplying the stored tap water to the exterior. In the present embodiment, the water stored in the first water storage tank 110 is supplied from the first supply unit 111 to the water heater 30.

  In FIGS. 1 and 2, the first supply unit 111 is provided below the first water storage tank 110, and the first water injection unit 180 is provided above the first water storage tank 110. . However, conversely, the first supply unit 111 may be provided on the upper side of the first water storage tank 110, and the first water injection unit 180 may be provided on the lower side of the first water storage tank 110. Usually, in the 1st water storage tank 110, since the temperature of the upper water in a tank is higher, such a structure is more preferable.

  The second water storage tank 120 stores water that has flowed on the outer wall of the building. Here, the outer wall of the building includes the roof 70 of the building and the wall surface of the building. A PV panel may be provided on the roof 70 or the wall surface. The water flowing on the outer wall of the building means rain water and water sprayed by the spray unit 50.

  In the present embodiment, the amount of water stored in the second water storage tank 120 is not particularly limited, but is about 600 liters, for example. Moreover, the 2nd water storage tank 120 is provided with the 2nd supply part 121 for supplying the stored water to the exterior. In the present embodiment, the water stored in the second water storage tank 120 is supplied from the second supply unit 121 to the toilet 260 and is used for draining the toilet that does not require high water quality.

  Here, as the material (material) of the first water storage tank 110, a material having higher heat insulation than the material (material) of the second water storage tank 120 is used. Specifically, the material of the first water storage tank 110 is not particularly limited, but is, for example, metal. Although the material of the 2nd water storage tank 120 is not specifically limited, For example, it is resin.

  As described above, since the water in the first water storage tank 110 is preheated by the water flowing through the first water injection path 140, it is necessary to maintain the preheated water temperature. For this reason, a material with high heat insulation is used for the first water storage tank 110. Note that the first water storage tank 110 may be further covered with a heat insulating material 240.

  On the other hand, the water in the second water storage tank 120 does not need to maintain the temperature, and is used to cool the PV panel 40 described above. Therefore, the material of the second water storage tank 120 is a material with high heat dissipation. Used. In addition, the water in the second water storage tank 120 is pumped up by the first pump 170 and sprayed onto the roof 70 and the PV panel 40 by the spraying unit 50. Rain water can be stored in the second water storage tank 120 through the rain gutter 200 and the second water injection path 150, and tap water can be injected from the second water injection unit 190.

  When there is little precipitation (when there is little rainwater), tap water is poured from the 2nd water injection part 190 to the 2nd water storage tank 120, and the ratio of the tap water to the water of the 2nd water storage tank 120 becomes large. When there is a lot of precipitation (when there is a lot of rainwater), tap water is not poured from the second water injection section 190 to the second water storage tank 120, and the proportion of rainwater in the water in the second water storage tank 120 is large. Become. Further, the water in the second water storage tank 120 is pumped up by the first pump 170, sprayed by the spraying unit 50, poured into the first water injection path 140, returned to the second water storage tank 120, and again the first water tank 120. The process of being pumped up by the pump 170 is repeated. In the repetition of the process, when the water in the second water storage tank 120 decreases and falls below a predetermined amount of water, tap water is injected from the second water injection unit 190 into the second water storage tank 120.

  1 and 2, the second supply unit 121 is provided below the second water storage tank 120, and the second water injection unit 190 is provided above the second water storage tank 120. . However, conversely, the second supply unit 121 may be provided on the upper side of the second water storage tank 120, and the second water injection unit 190 may be provided on the lower side of the second water storage tank 120. Usually, in the 2nd water storage tank 120, since the temperature of the upper water in a tank is higher, such a structure is more preferable.

  The first water storage tank 110 and the second water storage tank 120 are provided close to each other.

  The first water injection channel 140 is a water channel provided to inject water that has flowed on the outer wall of the building into the second water storage tank 120. The first water injection path 140 is also provided so as to be able to exchange heat with tap water stored in the first water storage tank 110. That is, the first water injection path 140 is highly efficient for water that flows on the roof 70 and the PV panel 40 such as rainwater and is injected into the first water injection path 140 and water stored in the first water storage tank 110. Heat exchange. Specifically, the first water injection path 140 is provided in a meandering manner inside the first water storage tank 110 so that the contact area with the water stored in the first water storage tank 110 is increased. . The material of the first water injection path 140 is preferably a material having high thermal conductivity. For example, the material of the first water channel 140 is copper.

  In the present embodiment, the water that has flowed on the roof 70 and the PV panel 40 is poured into the first water channel 140 through the filter 160. The filter 160 is a filter for removing impurities, dust, and the like contained in water, and is a general-purpose filter used for a water purifier or the like. By providing the filter 160, it is possible to prevent impurities, dust, and the like from entering the second water storage tank.

  The second water injection channel 150 is a water channel provided for injecting water flowing on the outer wall of the building into the second water storage tank 120. Unlike the first water injection path 140, the second water injection path 150 is provided outside the first water storage tank 110, and water that is injected into the second water injection path 150 and the second water storage tank 120. Do not exchange heat with the stored water.

  The first water injection channel 140 and the second water injection channel 150 are water channels branched by a switching unit 210 described later. In the tank system 100, by switching the switching unit 210, switching between whether the water that has flowed on the roof 70 and the PV panel 40 is poured into the first water channel 140 or the second water channel 150 can be switched. Is possible.

  Next, another configuration of the tank system 100 will be described with reference to FIG. 1 again.

  The spraying unit 50 sprays the water stored in the second water storage tank 120 and pumped up by the first pump 170 onto the roof 70 and the PV panel 40. The spraying unit 50 sprays mist of water mainly on the PV panel 40 from each of a plurality of nozzles provided.

  Thereby, water can be spread over a wide range on the PV panel 40, and the cooling effect of the PV panel 40 is high. Therefore, spraying the spray water by the spraying unit 50 has an effect of further improving the power generation efficiency of the PV panel 40. At the same time, the water spraying of the spraying part 50 also has an effect of cleaning the surface of the PV panel 40. That is, the spreading unit 50 increases the power generation efficiency of the PV panel 40 by cleaning the surface of the PV panel 40. Of course, the spraying unit 50 may spray droplets of water on the PV panel.

  The switching unit 210 is a switching mechanism that switches whether water that has flowed on the outer wall of the building is poured into the first water channel 140 or the second water channel 150. Switching of the switching unit 210 is controlled by a control unit described later.

  The PV panel 40 is a general-purpose solar cell module that is provided on a roof 70 of a house and converts sunlight into electric power. The PV panel 40 is configured to include a plurality of PV cells, which are minimum units having a function of converting solar energy into electrical energy.

  The water heater 30 is a general-purpose water heater that boils tap water stored in the first water storage tank 110 supplied from the first supply unit 111 using electricity (electric power) or gas. Hot water boiled by the water heater 30 is used in a house such as the bath 10. The water heater 30 may be configured to boil water with gas, or may be configured to boil water using the power generated by the PV panel 40. Although not shown, when water is supplied from the first supply unit 111 of the first water storage tank 110 to the water heater, a pump (third pump) may be used.

  The pyranometer 60 measures the amount of solar radiation and is provided on the roof 70. Information on the amount of solar radiation measured by the pyranometer 60 is transmitted to a control unit (not shown).

  As described above, the control unit performs control of part of the tank system 100 described with reference to FIGS. 1 and 2 and control of instruments (not shown). Details of the control unit will be described below.

  FIG. 3 is a system block diagram showing the configuration of the control unit.

  The tank system 100 includes an outside air temperature meter 222 and a PV panel thermometer 223 as the temperature measuring unit 221. The outside air temperature meter 222 measures the outside air temperature of the house, and the PV panel thermometer 223 measures the temperature of the surface of the PV panel 40. The PV panel thermometer 223 may be configured to measure the temperature of water flowing on the surface of the PV panel 40.

  The PV panel power generation meter 224 measures the power generated by the PV panel 40.

  The first water temperature gauge 225 measures the temperature of the water stored in the first water storage tank 110, and the second water temperature gauge 226 measures the temperature of the water stored in the second water storage tank 120.

  The tank system 100 includes a first water meter 227 and a second water meter 228 as the water amount measuring unit 232.

  The first water meter 227 measures the amount of water stored in the first water tank 110, and the second water meter 228 measures the amount of water stored in the second water tank 120.

  The information on the amount of solar radiation, temperature, power, and amount of water described above is transmitted to the control unit 220 and managed.

  The control unit 220 (water amount control unit) controls the opening and closing of the first water storage valve 229 provided in the first water injection unit 180 based on the amount of water measured by the first water meter 227, and the first The amount of tap water poured into the water storage tank 110 is controlled. Specifically, for example, when the amount of water measured by the first water meter 227 falls below a predetermined amount of water, the controller 220 controls the opening and closing of the first water storage valve 229 to supply tap water to the first Water is poured into the water storage tank 110.

  Further, the control unit 220 controls the opening and closing of the second water storage valve 230 provided in the second water injection unit 190 based on the amount of water measured by the second water meter 228 and the second water storage tank 120. Control the amount of tap water poured into the water. Specifically, for example, when the amount of water measured by the second water meter 228 falls below a predetermined amount of water, the controller 220 controls the opening and closing of the second water storage valve 230 to supply tap water to the second water meter. Water is poured into the water storage tank 120.

  In addition, the control unit 220 controls operations of the first pump 170, the second pump 250, and the third pump 231.

  The control unit 220 controls switching of the switching unit 210.

  For example, the control unit 220 can control switching of the switching unit 210 according to the temperature measured by the temperature measuring unit 221.

  FIG. 4 is a flowchart of an operation in which the control unit 220 switches the switching unit 210 according to the temperature.

  The control unit 220 acquires the temperature measured by the temperature measurement unit 221 (S101), and when the acquired temperature is equal to or higher than a predetermined temperature (Yes in S102), the water flowing on the roof 70 and the PV panel 40 is first. The switching unit 210 is switched so that water is injected into one water injection path 140. When the temperature measured by the temperature measuring unit 221 is lower than the predetermined temperature (No in S102), the switching unit 210 is set so that the water flowing on the roof 70 and the PV panel 40 is poured into the second water channel 150. Perform switching control. In this case, the control unit 220 compares at least one of the temperature of the outside air around the building, the temperature of the outer wall of the building, or the temperature of water flowing on the outer wall of the building with a predetermined temperature set in advance. do it.

  As described above, the control unit 220 switches the switching unit 210 according to the temperature, so that the control unit 220 can be used only when the temperature of the outside air is high and the water in the first water storage tank 110 can be preheated. The first water injection channel 140 is selected. Therefore, the water flowing on the roof 70 and the PV panel 40 and the water in the first water storage tank 110 can be effectively heat-exchanged.

  Further, the control unit 220 can of course control the switching of the switching unit 210 according to the amount of solar radiation measured by the solar radiation meter 60.

  FIG. 5 is a flowchart of an operation in which the control unit 220 switches the switching unit 210 according to the amount of solar radiation.

  First, the control unit 220 acquires the amount of solar radiation acquired by the solar radiation meter 60 (S201). When the amount of solar radiation measured by the pyranometer 60 is equal to or greater than a predetermined threshold (Yes in S202), that is, on a sunny day, the water flowing on the roof 70 and the PV panel 40 is poured into the first water channel 140. The switching unit 210 is switched as described above. Similarly, when the amount of solar radiation measured by the pyranometer 60 is less than a predetermined threshold (Yes in S203), that is, on a day with bad weather, the water flowing on the roof 70 and the PV panel 40 is the second water injection channel 150. The switching unit 210 is switched so that water is poured into the water.

  As described above, the control unit 220 switches the switching unit 210 according to the amount of solar radiation, so that the control unit 220 can change the first only when the weather is good and the water in the first water storage tank 110 can be preheated. One water injection path 140 is selected. Therefore, the water flowing on the roof 70 and the PV panel 40 and the water in the first water storage tank 110 can be effectively heat-exchanged.

  Note that the temperature, power, and water volume information described above is displayed on a user interface provided in the house, and the user can check the information. The first water storage valve 229, the second water storage valve 230, and the switching unit 210 can be manually controlled by an operation from the user interface.

  Next, an example of the operation of the tank system 100 will be described. Although the following description demonstrates the example which controls dispersion | spreading of the dispersion | spreading part 50 based on whether the PV panel 40 needs to be cooled, operation | movement of the tank system 100 is not limited to this.

  FIG. 6 is a flowchart showing an example of the operation of the tank system 100.

  7 to 11 are schematic diagrams for explaining the operation of the tank system 100. FIG.

  In the following description using FIGS. 6 to 11, it is assumed that the switching unit 210 has been switched so that water flowing through the PV panel 40 is poured into the first water channel 140.

  First, the control unit 220 acquires the amount of solar radiation measured by the solar radiation meter 60 and the amount of power generation measured by the PV panel power generation meter 224 (S301 in FIG. 6). Thereby, the control part 220 judges whether the electric power generation amount of the PV panel 40 is falling. Specifically, the reference power generation amount obtained based on the solar radiation amount to the PV panel 40 is compared with the actual power generation amount. When the actual power generation amount is smaller than the reference power generation amount, it is estimated that the power generation efficiency of the PV panel 40 is lowered due to the temperature rise. In other words, it is considered that the PV panel 40 needs to be cooled (Yes in S302 of FIG. 6).

  As described above, the power generation efficiency of the PV panel 40 depends on the temperature around the PV panel 40. For this reason, the temperature information measured by the temperature measurement unit 221 in step S301 is acquired, and when the temperature acquired in step S302 is equal to or higher than a predetermined temperature, it may be determined that the PV panel 40 needs to be cooled. .

  Subsequently, the control unit 220 acquires the amount of water measured by the first water meter 227 (S303 in FIG. 6), and when the amount of water is less than a predetermined amount of water set in advance, the first water storage valve 229 Opening and closing is controlled, and water is poured from the first water pouring unit 180 into the first water storage tank 110 (S304 in FIG. 6). Similarly, the amount of water measured by the second water meter 228 is acquired (S304 in FIG. 6), and when the amount of water is less than the predetermined amount of water, the opening and closing of the second water storage valve 230 is controlled, and the second water injection Water is poured from the unit 190 into the second water storage tank 120 (S304 in FIG. 6).

  FIG. 7 schematically shows the state in which the operations in steps S303 to S304 have been completed. In the figure, regions corresponding to symbols A, B, C, and D schematically show that the temperature is higher in this order. The same applies to FIGS. 8 to 11 below.

  As shown in FIG. The temperature of the surface of the PV panel 40 is higher than the water stored in the tank system 100. For example, during the midsummer day, the surface temperature of the PV panel is about 60 ° C to 70 ° C.

  Next, the control unit 220 drives the first pump 170 to spray water from the spraying unit 50 to the PV panel 40 (S305 in FIG. 6). FIGS. 8 and 9 schematically show the operation of step S305.

  For example, during midsummer day, the spraying unit 50 sprays water on the PV panel 40, so that the surface temperature of the PV panel 40 decreases to about 50 ° C. It has been confirmed that when the surface temperature of the PV panel 40 decreases by about 20 ° C., the power generation efficiency of the PV panel 40 increases by about 15%.

  In this case, the temperature of the water that flows on the PV panel 40 and is injected into the first water injection path 140 is about 40 ° C to 45 ° C. Therefore, the water stored in the first water storage tank 110 exchanges heat with the water injected into the first water injection path 140 and is preheated to at least about 35 ° C.

  While water is being sprayed on the PV panel 40 by the spraying unit 50, the control unit 220 acquires the solar radiation amount measured by the solar radiation meter 60 and the power generation amount measured by the PV panel power generation meter 224 (see FIG. 6). In step S306, it is determined whether the PV panel 40 needs to be cooled as in step S302 (S307 in FIG. 6). When the PV panel 40 needs to be cooled (Yes in S307 in FIG. 6), the operations in Steps S303 to S306 are repeated.

  The preheated water in the first water storage tank 110 is kept warm by the heat insulating material 240 and the heat insulating structure of the first water storage tank 110 itself. Therefore, as shown in FIG. 10, when hot water is used in a house, preheated water is boiled in the water heater 30, so that the gas or electricity used in the water heater 30 can be reduced. it can.

  Further, as shown in FIG. 11, the water stored in the second water storage tank 120 can be effectively used by being used for drainage of the toilet 260 or the like.

  As described above, according to the tank system 100 of the present invention, water having a high water temperature flowing on the outer wall of the building is reliably stored in the first water storage tank 110 while flowing through the first water injection path 140. Can exchange heat with water. In addition, the water stored in the first water storage tank 110 is the tap water stored in the first water storage tank 110 when water having a high water temperature flowing on the outer wall of the building repeatedly flows into the first water injection channel 140. Can be sufficiently preheated.

(Embodiment 2)
Hereinafter, Embodiment 2 of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the drawings.

  In the second embodiment, another control example of water spraying using the spraying unit 50 by the control unit 220 and another example of switching control of the switching unit 210 by the control unit 220 will be described. In the following second embodiment, the configuration of the tank system and the like are the same as those described in the first embodiment unless otherwise specified.

  FIG. 12 is a diagram showing the relationship between the temperature of the PV panel 40 and time.

  When water is not sprayed by the spraying unit 50, the relationship between the temperature of the PV panel 40 and time is as shown by (1) in FIG. (1) in FIG. 12 shows that the amount of solar radiation increases as time elapses from sunrise, and the temperature of the PV panel 40 increases accordingly.

  On the other hand, (2) of FIG. 12 shows the relationship between the temperature and time of the PV panel when water is constantly sprayed on the PV panel 40 by the spraying unit 50 in the tank system of the present invention.

  As shown in (2) of FIG. 12, when a constant amount of water is constantly sprayed, the temperature of the PV panel 40 and the temperature of the water to be sprayed are in an equilibrium state. Is almost the same temperature. Here, since the amount of heat that can be recovered by spraying water on the PV panel 40 does not depend on the amount of water sprayed, the smaller the amount of water sprayed on the PV panel 40 is, the smaller the first water injection path 140 is. The temperature of water poured into the water becomes high. The higher the temperature of the water poured into the first water channel 140, the more efficiently the water stored in the first water storage tank 110 is preheated.

  FIG. 13 is a diagram illustrating the relationship between the amount of water sprayed on the PV panel 40, the power generation efficiency of the PV panel 40, and the heat extraction efficiency. Here, the heat extraction efficiency is a number indicating the temperature rise efficiency of the water stored in the first storage tank 110 by the water sprayed on the PV panel 40.

  As shown in FIG. 13, as the amount of water sprayed on the PV panel 40 increases, the PV panel 40 can be sufficiently cooled, so that the power generation efficiency 330 of the PV panel 40 increases. However, as the amount of water sprayed on the PV panel 40 increases, the temperature of the water injected into the first water injection path 140 becomes lower, so the heat extraction efficiency 340 decreases.

  Therefore, in the second embodiment, the amount of water to be dispersed is optimized by intermittently spraying water on the PV panel 40, and water flowing from the rain gutter 200 to the switching unit 210 (hereinafter also referred to as recovered water). That is, here, a control method for keeping the temperature of water poured into the first water channel 140 at a somewhat high temperature will be described.

1. Another control example of spraying water using the spraying unit 50 First, an example in which the control unit 220 controls spraying of water in the spraying unit 50 based on the temperature of the collected water will be described.

  FIG. 14 is a flowchart showing the control of water spraying by the control unit 220 based on the temperature of the collected water.

  First, the control unit 220 acquires the temperature of the PV panel 40 (S501). Specifically, the temperature measured by the PV panel thermometer 223 is acquired.

  When the temperature of the PV panel 40 is equal to or higher than the first temperature (ON temperature) (Yes in S502), the control unit 220 starts spraying water on the PV panel 40 by the spraying unit 50 (S503).

  Subsequently, the control unit 220 acquires the temperature of the PV panel 40 (S504), and the control unit 220 disperses when the temperature of the PV panel 40 is equal to or lower than the second temperature (OFF temperature) (Yes in S505). The spraying of water on the PV panel 40 by the unit 50 is stopped (S506).

  Thereby, as shown by (3) of FIG. 12, the temperature of the PV panel 40 can always be controlled within a predetermined temperature, and the temperature of the recovered water can be kept at a certain high temperature. .

  Note that the ON temperature and the OFF temperature are the amount of energy obtained by improving the power generation efficiency by lowering the temperature of the PV panel 40 and the amount of energy consumed by the water heater reduced by the recovered water. Set in consideration of comparison.

  For example, the OFF temperature is set as a target temperature of water stored in the first water storage tank 110. This is because when water lower than the temperature of the water in the first water storage tank is injected into the first water injection path 140, the water stored in the first water storage tank 110 is cooled. The ON temperature is, for example, about OFF temperature + 10 ° C.

  By setting the ON temperature and the OFF temperature in this manner and intermittently spraying water on the PV panel 40, the temperature of the PV panel 40 is set to a predetermined value or less, and high temperature water is supplied to the first water supply channel. Water can be poured.

  The ON temperature is dynamically set so that the difference between the temperature of the water before being sprayed on the PV panel 40 and the temperature of the recovered water (the temperature of the water after spraying) becomes a predetermined value. May be.

  For example, when the predetermined value is 10 ° C, when the temperature of water before spraying is 25 ° C, the ON temperature is set to 35 ° C, and when the temperature of water before spraying is 5 ° C, The ON temperature is set to 15 ° C. Since the temperature of water before spraying changes under the influence of the air temperature, it is effective to set the ON temperature dynamically in this way.

2. Another Example of Switching Control of Switching Unit 210 Next, an example in which the control unit 220 controls switching of the switching unit 210 based on the temperature of the collected water will be described. It is also possible to further increase the heat extraction efficiency by appropriately switching the switching unit 210 by the control unit 220.

  FIG. 15 is a diagram for explaining switching control of the switching unit 210 by the control unit 220 according to the second embodiment.

  FIG. 15A shows the temperature of the PV panel 40 (≈the temperature of the collected water) in a state where water is intermittently sprayed. FIG. 15B shows the temperature of the water stored in the first water storage tank 110.

  As shown in FIG. 15A, when water is intermittently sprayed on the PV panel 40, the temperature of the PV panel repeats a decrease and an increase. At this time, the temperature of the water collected immediately after the start of water spraying on the PV panel 40 is different from the temperature of the water recovered after a predetermined time has elapsed since the start of water spraying. For example, even if the temperature of the water recovered immediately after spraying water is about 60 ° C., the temperature of the water recovered after spraying water for several minutes decreases to near the temperature of the sprayed water.

  Therefore, when the temperature of the recovered water is equal to or higher than the temperature of the water stored in the first water storage tank 110, the water is stored in the first water storage tank 110 when water is introduced into the first water injection path 140. The water temperature rises. On the other hand, when the temperature of the collected water is lower than the temperature of the water stored in the first water storage tank 110, when the water stored in the first water storage tank 110 flows into the first water injection path, The temperature of the water stored in the first water storage tank 110 decreases.

  For this reason, in the control method shown in FIG. 15, the temperature of the water in the first water storage tank 110 and the temperature of the collected water are constantly monitored, and the switching unit 210 is switched.

  The period described as (1) in the switching state of the switching unit 210 in FIG. 15 indicates a period in which the switching unit is switched so that the collected water is poured into the first water channel 140, and (2) The period described as follows indicates a period in which the switching unit 210 is switched so that the collected water is poured into the second water channel 150.

  When the temperature of the recovered water is equal to or higher than the temperature of the water in the first water storage tank 110, the control unit 220 switches the switching unit 210 to inject the recovered water into the first water injection path 140. When the temperature of the recovered water is lower than the temperature of the water in the first water storage tank 110, the control unit 220 switches the switching unit 210 to inject the recovered water into the second water injection channel 150. .

  Thereby, since the water whose temperature is always higher than the water in the 1st water storage tank 110 is always poured into the 1st water injection path, the temperature of the water in the 1st water storage tank 110 is always raised, or The temperature can be kept high.

  Next, details of the control shown in FIG. 15 will be described with reference to FIG.

  FIG. 16 is a flowchart of switching control of the switching unit 210 by the control unit 220 according to the second embodiment.

  First, the control unit 220 acquires the temperature of the PV panel 40 (S601). Specifically, the temperature measured by the PV panel thermometer 223 is acquired.

  When the temperature of the PV panel 40 is equal to or higher than the first temperature (ON temperature) (Yes in S602), the control unit 220 causes the water flowing on the PV panel 40 to be poured into the first water injection path 140. The switching unit 210 is switched (S603). Thereafter, the control unit 220 starts spraying water on the PV panel 40 by the spraying unit 50 (S604).

  Specifically, in the operation of step S601 to step S604, when the temperature of the water in the water storage tank is low in the morning when the sun begins to irradiate, the PV panel reaches a predetermined temperature or higher without spraying water. It means to start spraying water.

  Here, since the temperature of the water collected immediately after the spraying of the water is higher than the temperature of the stored water, all the water is poured into the first water injection path 140 by the branch portion, and the water in the first water storage tank 110 is The temperature rises because it is heated.

  Subsequently, the control unit 220 acquires the temperature of the water in the first water storage tank 110 (S605), and acquires the temperature of the recovered water (S606). Specifically, the control unit 220 acquires the temperature of the water in the first water storage tank 110 measured by the first water temperature gauge 225. In addition, the control unit 220 acquires the temperature of the collected water measured by the third water thermometer provided in the switching unit 210.

  When the temperature of the recovered water is not equal to or lower than the second temperature (OFF temperature) (No in S607), the control unit 220 determines the temperature of the water in the first water storage tank 110 and the temperature of the recovered water. The comparison is made (S608). When the temperature of the water in the first water storage tank 110 is higher than the temperature of the recovered water, the control unit 220 causes the water flowing on the PV panel 40 to be injected into the second water injection path 150. The switching unit 210 is switched (S609).

  When the temperature of the collected water is equal to or lower than the second temperature (OFF temperature) (Yes in S607), the control unit 220 stops spraying water on the PV panel 40 by the spraying unit 50 (S610).

  As a result, water having a temperature higher than the temperature of the water in the first water storage tank 110 can always flow into the first water injection path 140.

  In addition, you may stop spraying of water, when the temperature of the water collect | recovered becomes equal to the temperature of the water currently stored in the 1st water storage tank 110, without switching the switching part 210. FIG. That is, water spraying may be performed only when the temperature of the collected water is higher than the temperature of the water stored in the first water storage tank 110.

(Embodiment 3)
Hereinafter, Embodiment 3 of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the drawings.

  For example, when water is intermittently sprayed on the PV panel 40 as in the second embodiment, a part of the recovered water may stay in the first water injection path 140 for a long time. If water at a high temperature is poured into the first water injection channel 140 in this state, it is mixed with the water staying in the first water injection channel 140 and heat is taken away, which is not efficient.

  Therefore, in the third embodiment, the water accumulated in the first water injection path 140 is drained by a pump so that the water does not stay in the first water injection path 140 for a long time.

  FIG. 17 is a schematic diagram of a water storage tank portion of the tank system according to the third embodiment.

  As shown in FIG. 17, in the tank system according to Embodiment 3, the first water injection path 140 is connected to the first water path 410 and the second water path 420 via the second switching unit 370. .

  The second switching unit 370 switches whether the water that has flowed on the PV panel 40 is poured into the first water channel 410 or the second water channel 420 from the first water channel 140. Here, the water poured into the first water channel 410 from the first water channel 140 is stored in the second water storage tank 120.

  The second water channel 420 is connected to the input end of the fourth pump 390 and the third water channel 430 via the third switching unit 380.

  The third switching unit 380 switches whether water is injected from the second water channel 420 or water is injected from the third water channel 430 to the input end of the fourth pump 390.

  The fourth pump 390 draws water from the second water storage tank 120 through the third water channel 430 when draining the water accumulated in the first water injection channel 140 and spraying the water by the spraying unit 50. Used for.

  The output end of the fourth pump 390 is connected to the spray unit 50 and the fourth water channel 440 via the fourth switching unit 450.

  The fourth switching unit 450 switches whether the water pumped up by the fourth pump 390 from the third water channel 430 is supplied to the spraying unit 50 or injected into the fourth water channel 440. Here, the water poured into the fourth water channel 440 is stored in the second water storage tank 120.

  Hereinafter, a control method of the tank system shown in FIG. 17 will be described.

  FIG. 18 is a diagram illustrating the flow of water during normal circulation.

  As shown in FIG. 18, during normal circulation, the control unit 220 switches the second switching unit 370 so that the water from the first water channel 140 is poured into the first water channel 410.

  In addition, the control unit 220 switches the third switching unit 380 so that water from the third water channel 430 is injected into the input end of the fourth pump 390. Similarly, the control unit 220 switches the fourth switching unit 450 so that the water pumped up from the third water channel 430 by the fourth pump 390 is supplied to the spraying unit 50.

  Next, control for draining water staying in the first water injection path 140 will be described.

  FIG. 19 is a diagram illustrating the flow of water when water accumulated in the first water injection channel 140 is drained.

  As shown in FIG. 19, at the time of draining control, the control unit 220 switches the second switching unit 370 so that water from the first water injection channel 140 is injected into the second water channel 420.

  In addition, the control unit 220 switches the third switching unit 380 so that water from the second water channel 420 is injected into the input end of the fourth pump 390. Similarly, the control unit 220 switches the fourth switching unit 450 so that the fourth pump 390 injects water injected from the second water channel 420 into the fourth water channel 440.

  Thereby, the water staying in the first water injection path 140 is sucked through the second water path 420 by the fourth pump 390 and discharged to the second water storage tank 120 through the fourth water path 440.

  In the drainage control of the first water injection path 140, the control unit 220 causes the water to stay in the first water injection path 140 for a predetermined time or more, and the retained water is the water in the first water storage tank 110. It is carried out when it is determined that the temperature has reached the same level as the temperature (when water is not sprayed for a predetermined time or more).

  In addition, if water is retained in the first water injection channel 140 for a long time, germs and the like are propagated, so the water draining control may be performed periodically.

  As described above, by removing the water retained in the first water injection path 140 before spraying the water in the spraying unit 50, the water having a high temperature at the beginning of spraying can be used more efficiently.

  In the above example, the second switching unit 370 and the third switching unit 380, which are so-called three-way valves, are combined. However, the portion 460 related to this combination is also obtained by one switching unit of two inputs and two outputs. It is feasible.

  In the above example, three switching units (second to fourth switching units) are further provided. However, it is possible to perform drainage control without adding a switching unit.

  FIG. 23 is a schematic diagram of a tank system that performs drainage control with two pumps.

  In the tank system shown in FIG. 20, the input end of the fifth pump 470 is connected to the end of the first water injection path 140 in the second water storage tank 120. The output end of the fifth pump is opened, and the water drawn out by the drainage control is discharged directly to the second water storage tank 120.

  The sixth pump 480 pumps up the water in the second water storage tank 120 and supplies it to the spraying unit 50.

  Even in such a system, water staying in the first water injection path 140 for a long time can be drawn out. In the configuration shown in FIG. 20, the fifth pump 470 and the sixth pump 480 can operate independently, and supply water to the spraying unit 50 while draining water remaining in the first water injection path 140. You can also

(Embodiment 4)
As another example of the method for measuring the temperature of the PV panel 40, the temperature of the PV panel 40 can be estimated from the temperature difference between the temperature of water before spraying and the temperature of recovered water (water after spraying). In the fourth embodiment, control using such a temperature measurement method will be described.

  For example, when the tank system of the present invention is retrofitted after the construction of the PV panel 40, it may be difficult to attach the PV panel thermometer 223 afterwards. Therefore, in the following control, the temperature of the PV panel 40 is estimated from the temperature difference between the water temperature before spraying and the recovered water (water after spraying). In the following description, the configuration of the tank system and the like are the same as those described in the second embodiment unless otherwise specified.

  FIG. 21 is a flowchart of switching control of the switching unit 210 by the control unit 220 according to the fourth embodiment. Note that the flowchart shown in FIG. 21 is an example of controlling the spraying of water only during the daytime (within the solar radiation time) when the PV panel reaches a predetermined temperature or higher.

  First, the control unit 220 checks the current time from a timer built in the control unit 220 (S701), and determines whether or not the current time is within a predetermined solar radiation time (S702). The predetermined solar radiation time is a time zone in which a stable solar radiation amount can be expected in one day, and is a time zone determined in advance by design.

  When the current time is within the solar radiation time (Yes in S702), the control unit 220 determines whether or not a predetermined time has elapsed since the previous temperature measurement (S703). This is because even if the temperature measurement is performed again in a short time, the change in the temperature of the PV panel 40 is small and not efficient.

  Next, the control part 220 acquires the temperature of the water before spraying (S704). Specifically, the control unit 220 acquires the temperature measured by the second water temperature gauge 226. In addition, the control part 220 may provide the 4th water temperature meter in the 1st pump 170 part separately, and may acquire the temperature measured with the said 4th water temperature meter.

  Subsequently, the control unit 220 performs a test spray of water to measure the temperature of the PV panel 40 (S705), and the water sprayed on the PV panel 40 flows into the switching unit 210. The temperature of (recovered water) is acquired (S706). Specifically, for example, the control unit 220 acquires a temperature measured by a third water thermometer provided in the switching unit 210.

  Next, the control part 220 compares the temperature of the water before dispersion | distribution acquired in step S603, and the temperature of the water collect | recovered acquired in step S706, and estimates the temperature of the PV panel 40 (S707). The temperature of the PV panel 40 is estimated based on the heat capacity of the PV panel 40, the temperature difference between the temperature of water before spraying and the temperature of recovered water, and the amount of water sprayed.

  When the temperature of the PV panel 40 is equal to or higher than the first temperature (Yes in S708), the control unit 220 starts spraying water on the PV panel 40 by the spraying unit 50 (S709).

  Subsequently, the control unit 220 acquires the temperature of the collected water (S710), and estimates the temperature of the PV panel 40 (S711). The controller 220 estimates the temperature of the PV panel 40 in the same manner as in step S707 based on the temperature difference from the temperature of water before spraying acquired in step S704. Here, the temperature of the PV panel 40 may be approximately equal to the temperature of the collected water.

  When the estimated temperature of the PV panel 40 is equal to or lower than the second temperature (Yes in S712), the control unit 220 stops spraying water on the PV panel 40 by the spraying unit 50 (S713). When the temperature of the collected water is higher than the second temperature (No in S712), the control unit 220 estimates the temperatures in Step S710 and Step S711 while spraying the water on the PV panel 40 by the spraying unit 50. Process.

  Thereby, even if it is a case where the temperature of the PV panel 40 cannot be measured directly, the temperature of the PV panel 40 can be estimated.

(Other embodiments)
A method for further efficiently cooling a plurality of PV panels 40 provided on the roof 70 by spraying water by the spraying unit 50 will be described.

  The water sprayed on the PV panel 40 is sprayed on the PV panel 40 provided on the slope upper side of the roof 70 and flows along the slope. At this time, since the water sprayed on the PV panel 40 is caused to flow by the wind, the amount of sprayed water tends to be non-uniform in the direction perpendicular to the inclined direction of the slope. That is, it is difficult to uniformly cool the entire plurality of PV panels 40 in a direction perpendicular to the inclined direction of the slope. Therefore, the following device may be devised for the PV panel 40.

  FIG. 22 is an external view of the PV panel 40. In FIG. 22, the Y direction is the inclination direction of the slope (roof 70) on which the PV panel 40 is provided, and the X direction is the direction perpendicular to the slope of the slope. 22A is a view of the PV panel 40 viewed from a direction perpendicular to the light receiving surface, and FIG. 22B is a view of the side surface of the PV panel 40 viewed from the X direction. FIG. 22C is a cross-sectional view of the PV panel 40 taken along line X1-X2 in FIG.

  A frame 490 is provided in a frame shape on the periphery of one PV panel 40. Here, on the upper surface (the light receiving surface side of the PV panel 40) of a portion of the frame 490 that covers two sides that run in the inclination direction of the slope of the PV panel 40, each of the convex portions 500 along the inclination direction of the slope. Is provided.

  Thereby, it is possible to prevent the water sprayed on the PV panel 40 from flowing in the direction of another PV panel 40 adjacent to the PV panel 40 beyond the convex portion 500.

  Further, in order to efficiently cool the PV panel 40, the dispersed water is lost from the light receiving surface of the PV panel 40 provided on the upper side of the slope to the light receiving surface of the PV panel 40 provided on the lower side of the slope. It is ideal to flow without any evaporation (except for evaporation due to vaporization). This is because, due to such loss, the amount of water flowing on the PV panel 40 provided on the lower side of the slope is reduced, so that the cooling of the PV panel 40 provided on the lower side of the slope is likely to be insufficient. Therefore, a packing is provided in the gap between the PV panel 40 and the frame 490.

  FIG. 23 is an enlarged view of a portion surrounded by a broken line in FIG.

  As shown in FIG. 23, the cross section of the part covering the two sides running in the inclination direction of the slope of the PV panel 40 in the frame 490 is a so-called bracket shape. There is a gap between the PV panel 40 and a portion of the frame 490 that covers two sides that run in the inclined direction of the slope of the PV panel 40. In order to prevent the water sprayed from leaking out, a packing 510 is provided in the gap. The material of the packing 510 is rubber, leather, or the like.

  Further, water may leak from between the frame 490 of one PV panel 40 and the frame 490 of the PV panel 40 adjacent thereto. Therefore, a caulking process (filling of a caulking material) is performed between such adjacent frames.

  FIG. 24 is a diagram showing a coking process portion between frames. 24A is a view of the PV panel 40 viewed from a direction perpendicular to the light receiving surface, and FIG. 24B is a view of the PV panel 40 cut along the line X3-X4 in FIG. FIG.

  As shown in FIG. 24, a caulking material 520 is filled between the frames. The caulking material 520 is, for example, a silicon-based resin, a modified silicon-based resin, or a polyurethane-based resin.

  As described above, by using the packing 510 or the caulking material 520, the loss of sprayed water can be reduced, and the PV panel 40 can be efficiently cooled by the sprayed water.

  When water is sprayed on the PV panel 40 provided on the upper side of the slope as in this embodiment, the cooling of the PV panel 40 provided on the lower side of the slope tends to be insufficient. The water sprayed on the PV panel 40 provided on the upper side of the slope is heated by the heat of the PV panel 40 provided on the upper side of the slope when passing through the PV panel 40 provided on the lower side of the slope. Because.

  Therefore, for example, the control unit 220 sprays water directly on the PV panel 40 provided on the lower side of the slope by periodically increasing the water pressure of the spraying unit 50 and spraying water on the PV panel 40. Also good.

(Modification)
Hereinafter, modifications of the tank system will be described.

  As described above, the temperature of the water stored in the first water storage tank 110 should be kept as high as possible, but the temperature of the water stored in the second water storage tank 120 should be as low as possible. desirable. This is because the water stored in the second water storage tank 120 is used to cool the PV panel 40 and the roof 70 by being sprayed on the PV panel 40 and the roof 70 by the spraying unit. Therefore, the second water storage tank 120 may have a heat dissipation structure.

  FIG. 25 is a schematic diagram of a tank system when the second water storage tank 120 has a heat dissipation structure. Among the reference numerals in the figure, the same reference numerals as those shown in FIGS. 7 to 11 are omitted because they have the same functions and operations unless otherwise specified.

  As shown in FIG. 25, in the tank system 300, a heat radiating unit 270 may be provided on the side surface of the second water storage tank 120. The heat dissipating part 270 is a so-called heat dissipating fin and increases the surface area of the portion of the second water storage tank 120 that comes into contact with the outside air. The heat radiating part 270 may be formed so as to be integrated with the second water storage tank 120, or the heat radiating part 270, which is a member having a high heat dissipation property different from the second water storage tank 120, is provided in the second water storage tank 120. It may be added to the tank 120.

  Thus, by providing the heat radiating part 270 in the second water storage tank 120, the temperature of the water stored in the second water storage tank is lowered, and the PV panel 40 and the roof 70 are dispersed by the water spraying of the spraying part 50. The cooling effect can be enhanced.

  Next, another modified example of the tank system will be described.

  When the water stored in the second water storage tank 120 is sprayed on the PV panel 40 by spraying the water of the spraying unit 50, immediately after the spraying of water is started, dust and dust on the surface of the PV panel 40 together with the water is first. Will flow into the irrigation channel 140. Here, for the purpose of enhancing the function as a heat exchanger, the first water injection path 140 preferably has a structure in which the water channel length is longer than that of the second water injection path 150 and the water channel diameter is small. Therefore, it is not preferable that water containing dust or the like flows into the first water injection channel 140 because the first water injection channel 140 becomes clogged.

  Therefore, the tank system may be configured as shown in FIGS. 26 and 27 below.

  FIG. 26 is a schematic diagram of the tank system 400 when the second water storage tank 120 includes a plurality of water storage units. Of the reference numerals in the figure, the same reference numerals as those shown in FIGS. 7 to 25 are omitted because they have the same functions and operations unless otherwise specified.

  FIG. 27 is a flowchart of the operation of the tank system 400.

  In the tank system 400 shown in FIG. 26, the control unit 220 performs control to prevent the water containing the dust and the like from flowing into the first water injection path 140, and the second water storage tank 120 is the first water storage unit. It is characterized by being separated into 120a and the second water storage part 120b.

  First, the control unit 220 acquires the amount of solar radiation measured by the solar radiation meter 60 and the amount of power generation measured by the PV panel power generation meter 224 (S401 in FIG. 27), whether or not the PV panel 40 needs to be cooled. Is determined (S402 in FIG. 27). When the PV panel 40 needs to be cooled (Yes in S <b> 402 of FIG. 27), the control unit 220 switches so that the water flowing on the PV panel 40 and the roof 70 is injected into the second water injection path 150. The unit 210 is switched (S403 in FIG. 27).

  And the control part 220 acquires the water quantity which the 1st and 2nd water meter measured (S404 of FIG. 27). When the amount of water is less than a predetermined amount of water set in advance, the opening and closing of the first and second water storage valves are controlled, and water is poured into the first and second water storage tanks (S405 in FIG. 27). The above operation is the same as the operation described in steps S301 to S304 in FIG. 6 except for step S403.

  Then, the control unit 220 drives the first pump 170 to spray water from the spraying unit 50 to the PV panel 40 (S406 in FIG. 27). At this time, water is poured into the second water channel 150 until a predetermined time elapses after the start of water injection (spreading of water) (No in S407 in FIG. 27). Here, as shown in FIG. 26, since the second water injection channel 150 is connected to the second water storage part 120b, the water flowing on the PV panel 40 and the roof 70 is the second water injection channel. Water is poured from 150 to the second water reservoir 120b. In addition, when using the water stored by the 2nd water storage part 120b, water is acquired from the 3rd supply part 280, and is used.

  While the spraying unit 50 is spraying water, the control unit 220 acquires the solar radiation amount measured by the solar radiation meter 60 and the power generation amount measured by the PV panel power generation meter 224 (S409 in FIG. 27). When the PV panel 40 needs to be cooled (Yes in S410 in FIG. 27), the operations in Steps S404 to S409 except Step S407 are repeated.

  When the predetermined time has elapsed since the start of water injection (spreading of water) while the operations of Steps S404 to S409 are repeated, the control unit 220 displays the PV panel. 40 and the switching unit 210 is switched so that the water flowing on the roof 70 is injected into the first water injection path 140 (S408 in FIG. 27). At this time, as shown in FIG. 26, since the first water injection path 140 is connected to the first water storage section 120a, the water flowing on the PV panel 40 and the roof 70 is the first water injection path. Water is poured from 140 into the first water reservoir 120a. In addition, when using the water stored by the 1st water storage part 120a, water is acquired from the 2nd supply part 121, and is used.

  The subsequent operations are the same as before the predetermined time has elapsed. Until the cooling of the PV panel 40 becomes unnecessary (No in S410 of FIG. 27), the operations of Steps S404 to S409 are repeated.

  As described above, by performing the control as shown in FIG. 27, it is possible to reduce the risk that water containing dust or the like flows into the first water injection channel 140 and the first water injection channel 140 is clogged.

  In addition, as shown in FIG. 26, the second water storage tank 120 is separated into the first water storage unit 120a and the second water storage unit 120b, so that the water quality in the first water storage unit 120a is the first water storage unit 120a. It becomes higher than the water quality in the 2 water storage part 120b. Therefore, the water in the 2nd water storage tank 120 can be distinguished and utilized according to a use. Moreover, when compared with the case where the 2nd water storage tank 120 is not isolate | separated, the inside of the 1st water storage part 120a has few impurities, garbage, etc.

(Modification 2)
The tank system according to each of the above-described embodiments and each modified example injects water having a high water temperature flowing on the outer wall of the building into the first water supply channel, the water injected into the first water supply channel, In this configuration, heat is exchanged with the water stored in the first water storage tank to heat the tap water stored in the first water storage tank.

  Here, conversely, it is also possible to warm the water passing through the first water injection channel by storing the tap water heated in the first water storage tank and exchanging heat with the first water injection channel. .

  That is, the tank system according to each of the above embodiments and each modification stores water warmed by passing through the first water injection channel in the second water storage tank, pumped up by the first pump, and by the spraying unit. Can be sprayed on the outer wall of the building. Thereby, the tank system can perform the snow melting process which melts snow on the outer surface of a building, for example.

  In the following description, the snow melting process of the tank system 100 according to Embodiment 1 will be described in detail with reference to FIGS.

  28 to 31 are schematic diagrams for explaining the snow melting process of the tank system 100. FIG.

  First, as shown in FIG. 28, tap water heated from the first water injection unit 180 is injected into the first water storage tank 110 and stored. At this time, the water poured into the first water storage tank 110 is hot tap water (hot water) heated by a water heater or the like. At this time, low temperature water is stored in the second water storage tank 120.

  Next, as shown in FIG. 29, the controller 220 scatters the water stored in the second water storage tank 120 on the PV panel 40 by the scatterer 50 by pumping the water stored in the first pump 170. Thereby, the water which flowed on the PV panel 40 passes through the gutter 200, the switching unit 210, and the filter 160 in this order, and is injected into the first water injection path 140.

  At this time, the water injected into the first water injection path 140 exchanges heat with the water stored in the first water storage tank 110. That is, as shown in FIG. 30, the water injected into the first water injection path 140 is heated by the hot water stored in the first water storage tank 110 while passing through the first water injection path 140. The water is stored in the second water storage tank 120.

  Then, as shown in FIG. 31, the controller 220 scatters the heated water stored in the second water storage tank 120 on the PV panel 40 by the scatterer 50 by pumping it with the first pump 170. . The water flowing on the PV panel 40 passes through the gutter 200, the switching unit 210, and the filter 160 in this order, and is poured into the first water channel 140. Thereafter, the same operation is repeated.

  With the above operation, when snow is piled up on the outer wall of the building (for example, the PV panel 40), water heated by the tap water stored in the first water storage tank 110 is scattered on the outer wall of the building. The snow on the outer surface of the building can be melted. Moreover, when snow is piled up on the PV panel 40, the power generation efficiency by the PV panel 40 decreases. In such a case, the snow melting process as described above is effective.

  As mentioned above, although this invention has been demonstrated based on the said embodiment and modification, this invention is not limited to said embodiment.

  For example, the first water injection path 140 may be provided outside the first water storage tank 110. Specifically, for example, the first water injection path 140 may be provided so as to wrap around the side surface of the first water storage tank. Even with such a configuration, water having a high water temperature flowing on the outer wall of the building can exchange heat with the water stored in the first water storage tank 110 while flowing through the first water injection path 140.

  The following cases are also included in the present invention.

  (1) Specifically, each of the above-described devices can be realized by a computer system including a microprocessor, a ROM, a RAM, a hard disk unit, a display unit, a keyboard, a mouse, and the like. A computer program is stored in the RAM or the hard disk unit. Each device achieves its functions by the microprocessor operating according to the computer program. Here, the computer program is configured by combining a plurality of instruction codes indicating instructions for the computer in order to achieve a predetermined function.

  (2) A part or all of the constituent elements constituting each of the above-described devices may be configured by one system LSI (Large Scale Integration). The system LSI is an ultra-multifunctional LSI manufactured by integrating a plurality of components on a single chip, and specifically, a computer system including a microprocessor, ROM, RAM, and the like. . A computer program is stored in the ROM. The system LSI achieves its functions by the microprocessor loading a computer program from the ROM to the RAM and performing operations such as operations in accordance with the loaded computer program.

  (3) Part or all of the constituent elements constituting each of the above apparatuses may be configured from an IC card that can be attached to and detached from each apparatus or a single module. The IC card or module is a computer system that includes a microprocessor, ROM, RAM, and the like. The IC card or the module may include the super multifunctional LSI described above. The IC card or the module achieves its functions by the microprocessor operating according to the computer program. This IC card or this module may have tamper resistance.

  (4) The present invention may be realized by the method described above. Further, these methods may be realized by a computer program realized by a computer, or may be realized by a digital signal consisting of a computer program.

  The present invention also relates to a recording medium that can read a computer program or a digital signal, such as a flexible disk, a hard disk, a CD-ROM, an MO, a DVD, a DVD-ROM, a DVD-RAM, a BD (Blu-ray Disc), You may implement | achieve by what was recorded on the semiconductor memory etc. Moreover, you may implement | achieve with the digital signal currently recorded on these recording media.

  In the present invention, a computer program or a digital signal may be transmitted via an electric communication line, a wireless or wired communication line, a network represented by the Internet, data broadcasting, or the like.

  The present invention may also be a computer system including a microprocessor and a memory. The memory may store a computer program, and the microprocessor may operate according to the computer program.

  Further, the program or digital signal may be recorded on a recording medium and transferred, or the program or digital signal may be transferred via a network or the like, and may be executed by another independent computer system.

  (5) The above embodiment and the above modifications may be combined.

  In addition, this invention is not limited to these embodiment or its modification. Unless it deviates from the gist of the present invention, various modifications conceived by those skilled in the art are applied to the present embodiment or the modification thereof, or a form constructed by combining different embodiments or components in the modification. It is included within the scope of the present invention.

  The present invention can effectively preheat tap water by effectively utilizing the heat of rainwater or water sprayed on a PV panel, etc., and water sprayed on the rainwater or PV panel, preheated tap water, It is useful as a domestic tank system that can be used effectively according to the application.

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 10 Bath 20 Water supply 30 Water heater 40 PV panel 50 Spreading part 60 Solar radiation meter 70 Roof 100, 300, 400 Tank system 110 1st water tank 111 1st supply part 120 2nd water storage tank 121 2nd supply part 140 1st water injection path 150 2nd water injection path 160 Filter 170 1st pump 180 1st water injection part 190 2nd water injection part 200 Rain gutter 210 Switching part 220 Control part 221 Temperature measurement part 222 Outside temperature meter 223 PV panel Thermometer 224 PV panel power generation meter 225 First water temperature meter 226 Second water temperature meter 227 First water meter 228 Second water meter 229 First water valve 230 Second water valve 231 Third pump 232 Water volume measuring unit 240 Insulating material 250 Second pump 260 Toilet 270 Heat radiating unit 280 Third Supply unit 330 Power generation efficiency 340 Extraction efficiency 370 Second switching unit 380 Third switching unit 390 Fourth pump 410 First water channel 420 Second water channel 430 Third water channel 440 Fourth water channel 450 Fourth switching Part 460 Part 470 5th pump 480 6th pump 490 Frame 500 Convex part 510 Packing 520 Caulking material

Claims (16)

A first water storage tank in which tap water is stored;
A first supply unit for supplying water stored in the first water storage tank to the outside;
A second water storage tank for storing water flowing on the outer wall of the building;
Water flowing on the outer wall of the building is poured into the second water storage tank, and the water flowing on the outer wall of the building flows on the outer wall of the building before being poured into the second water storage tank. A first water supply channel provided so that heat exchange between the tap water and the tap water stored in the first water storage tank is possible ,
A second water injection channel for injecting water that has flowed on the outer wall of the building into the second water storage tank;
A switching unit that switches whether water that has flowed on the outer wall of the building is poured into the first water channel or the second water channel;
The second water storage tank is separated into a first water storage section and a second water storage section,
In the first water reservoir, water that has flowed on the outer wall of the building is poured from the first water channel,
The tank system in which the water which flowed on the outer wall of the building is poured into the second water storage section from the second water channel . The water poured into the first water channel is cooled by exchanging heat with the water stored in the first water tank while flowing through the first water channel, and the water is stored in the first water tank. The tank system according to claim 1, wherein water to be heated is heated by the heat exchange. The tank system according to claim 1, wherein a PV (PhotoVoltaic) panel is provided on at least a part of the outer wall of the building. Furthermore, the tank system of any one of Claims 1-3 supplied to the spraying part which sprays the water stored by the said 2nd water storage tank on the outer wall of the said building. 5. The tank system according to claim 4, wherein the first water injection channel injects the water sprayed by the spraying unit onto the outer wall of the building into the second water storage tank. The tank system according to any one of claims 1 to 5, wherein a material of the first water storage tank is higher in heat insulation than a material of the second water storage tank. The tank system according to any one of claims 1 to 6, wherein the second water storage tank includes a heat radiating portion for radiating water stored in the second water storage tank. And a control unit that controls the switching of the switching unit;
A temperature measuring unit for measuring the temperature of the outside air around the building, the temperature of the outer wall of the building, or the temperature of water flowing on the outer wall of the building;
The controller is
When the temperature measured by the temperature measuring unit is equal to or higher than a predetermined temperature, water that has flowed on the outer wall of the building is poured into the first water channel,
The switching of the switching unit is controlled such that when the temperature measured by the temperature measuring unit is lower than a predetermined temperature, water flowing on the outer wall of the building is poured into the second water channel. The tank system according to any one of 1 to 7 . The controller is
The water that has flowed on the outer wall of the building starts flowing into the second water storage tank until a predetermined time elapses, and the water that has flowed on the outer wall of the building enters the second water channel. Water is poured,
9. The tank system according to claim 8 , wherein after the predetermined time has elapsed, switching of the switching unit is controlled such that water that has flowed on an outer wall of the building is poured into the first water channel. The tank system according to any one of claims 1 to 9 , wherein the second water storage tank includes a second supply unit for supplying the water stored in the second water storage tank to the outside. The tank system according to any one of claims 1 to 10 , wherein the first water injection channel is provided inside the first water storage tank. The tank system according to any one of claims 1 to 11 , wherein the first water injection path is provided outside the first water storage tank. The tank system according to any one of claims 1 to 12 , wherein the first water storage tank is provided in proximity to the second water storage tank. further,
A water injection section for injecting tap water into the first water storage tank;
A water amount control unit for controlling the amount of tap water injected by the water injection unit;
A water amount measuring unit for measuring the amount of water in the first water storage tank,
The water quantity control unit, if the amount of water the water quantity measuring unit measures is below a predetermined amount of water, according to claim 1 to 13 for water injection to the first storage tank the tap water by controlling the water injection section The tank system according to any one of claims. Moreover, the first of the water reservoir to the first reservoir tank fed from the supply unit includes a tank system according to any one of claims 1 to 14 which is supplied to the water heater boil water. The tank system according to claim 10 , wherein the water stored in the second water storage tank is supplied to the toilet from the second supply unit.

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