JP2012063062A - Air conditioning system including underground thermal-storage layer, and structure of underground thermal-storage layer used for the air conditioning system - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To store positive or negative heat quantity by natural energy in an underground thermal-storage layer, and to accumulate the heat quantity while maintaining an indoor space to an optimum temperature, and also to carry out indoor air conditioning using the heat quantity.SOLUTION: An underground thermal-storage layer 3 is formed beneath a house H, and a temperature control layer 2 is formed above the underground thermal-storage layer 3 via a moisture-proof layer 4. When storing solar energy in summer time or the like, hot water from a water heater 7 is drained by a draining means 8 to the underground thermal-storage layer 3 to store heat in the underground thermal-storage layer 3. In this period, when indoor temperature of the house H increases by the heat of the underground thermal-storage layer 3, cold water in an underground water tank 5 is circulated through piping 9 of the temperature control layer 2 to cool the temperature control layer 2 itself, to prevent transmission of the heat from the side of the underground thermal-storage layer 3 to the side of a floor 1. On the contrary, when carrying out indoor heating, supply of cold water to the piping 9 is stopped, and the underground thermal-storage layer 3 and the temperature control layer 2 are thermally integrated to supply the heat in the underground thermal-storage layer 3 to the indoor space.

Description

  TECHNICAL FIELD The present invention relates to an underground heat storage system using natural energy such as sunlight as a heat source, and more particularly, an underground heating / cooling system using underground heat storage configured to improve the efficiency of heat storage and heat source use, and a structure of an underground heat storage layer suitable for the system. About.

In response to the recent trend toward energy conservation, various air conditioning systems that make effective use of natural energy have been proposed in various buildings such as houses. Particularly for heating, since natural energy such as solar energy can be directly used as a heat source, various heat storage systems and heating systems have been proposed as shown in the following patent documents.
JP 11-21159 A Shoko 61-12535 JP 2004-177025 A JP2007-178071 JP2003-336910A

  Among the above patent documents, 1 to 3 are systems using water as a heat storage medium. The system using water as the heat storage medium uses water with the highest specific heat, so it has high heat storage efficiency, and it can supply water to the desired location using piping, pumps, etc. There is an advantage that it can be done efficiently.

  On the other hand, the piping system for supplying water is complicated, and it is necessary to use a large number of auxiliary equipment such as valves, pumps, and heat dissipating fans, so despite using natural energy as a heat source, A considerable amount of artificial energy such as electric power needs to be used, and it is difficult to say that the system as a whole has achieved sufficient energy saving.

  From such a point of view, in Patent Document 3, a heat pipe is arranged as a heat transfer means between a heat storage tank which is an underground water tank and the floor surface of the building, and the heat of the heat storage tank is directly applied to the floor surface of the heat pipe. Adopting a structure to transmit to. With such a configuration, the complicated piping system, auxiliary machinery and the like are basically unnecessary, and the system can be simply configured.

  However, since the heat pipe has a function of constantly transferring heat from the high temperature side to the low temperature side, it is very effective in terms of heat transfer, but in the summer when heating is not required, the heat in the heat storage tank is indoors. It will be transmitted unnecessarily. In order to solve this problem, it is necessary to implement unreasonable measures that are contrary to the original purpose, such as heat insulation of the heat dissipation part of the heat pipe, or stopping the heat storage in summer when the heat storage is most effective. .

  Patent Documents 4 and 5 use calcite and gravel as an underground heat storage material, and basically have the same advantages and disadvantages as when water is used.

An object of the present invention is to solve the problems of the prior art represented by the above-mentioned patent documents, and to provide a system that enables more effective utilization of natural energy.
That is, it has an underground heat storage part arranged in the basement of a building such as a house, the underground heat storage part is configured to store natural energy such as solar energy, and the stored heat is transmitted through the floor of the house. It is configured to be able to transfer heat inside the house, and between this underground heat storage section and the floor of the house, a temperature-controllable layer (temperature-control layer) is placed as a partition layer between the two, and the temperature of the temperature-control layer By adjusting the temperature, the heat on the heat storage layer side is transferred to the floor surface or the heat transfer is cut off, and the floor surface temperature can be adjusted regardless of the temperature in the heat storage layer. It is a heat storage system using natural energy.

  The temperature control layer can freely transfer and block the heat of the underground heat storage part, so in the summer when it is most effective for heat storage, the temperature of the temperature control layer is set lower than the temperature of the heat storage layer to increase the room temperature. It is possible to sufficiently store heat in the underground heat storage section without any problems.

  When heating is required, the temperature of the temperature control layer is made equal to or slightly higher than that of the underground heat storage layer, so that the heat of the underground heat storage layer is transferred to the floor side to dissipate the heat of the underground heat storage layer to the room side. Effective heating.

  By demonstrating the above effects, it is possible to effectively store natural energy and dissipate heat as needed, and the system does not require complicated auxiliary equipment or piping systems, so the stored natural energy can be stored at low cost. It can be used effectively.

Embodiments of the present invention will be specifically described below with reference to the drawings.
FIG. 1 shows a first embodiment of the present invention.
First, the outline of the configuration of the object to be implemented according to the present invention will be described. In the drawing, a symbol H is a structure such as a house (hereinafter described as “house”). A temperature control layer 2 is formed on the back surface of the floor 1 of the house H, that is, under the floor, and an underground heat storage layer 3 is formed below the temperature control layer 2. Further, a moisture-proof layer 4 is formed between the underground heat storage layer 3 and the temperature control layer 2.

  On the other hand, reference numeral 5 is a groundwater tank, and 6 is a rainwater tank, which is configured to supply heated or unheated water to a predetermined place as will be described later. Reference numeral 7 denotes a solar water heater (hereinafter simply referred to as “water heater”) arranged as means for heating the water by sunlight S.

Next, details of each part of the above configuration will be described.
First, the underground heat storage layer indicated by reference numeral 3 is not characterized in its configuration and structure in the present invention. In short, as long as a predetermined amount of heat can be stored in the basement of the house H, the configuration of the underground heat storage layer is questioned. It is not a thing. That is, it may be any configuration such as a water tank containing heat storage water, a concrete layer, or one using quarry stone or gravel as described in the cited documents 1 to 5.

  As described above, the underground thermal storage layer of the present invention may naturally have any of the above-described configurations, but the illustrated underground thermal storage layer 3 has a configuration different from the structure of the underground thermal storage layer having the above configuration. ing. That is, each of the underground thermal storage layers described in the above cited references is a configuration in which a predetermined space is partitioned and filled with a thermal storage material such as water and calcite in the space. 3 is not formed, and the lower part of the underground heat storage layer 3 is open to the ground where the house H is erected (hereinafter referred to as an “underground open heat storage layer”).

  That is, the wall that also serves as the foundation of the house H, which is a structure, extends vertically below the periphery of the bottom of the house H to form the underground open partition 11. As the name suggests, this underground open-type partition wall 11 does not have a horizontal bottom plate portion connected to each partition wall 11, so that the underground heat storage layer 3 surrounded by each underground open-type partition wall 11 is opened toward the basement. It becomes the composition.

  Since the illustrated underground heat storage layer 3 has the above-described configuration, the heat storage material uses the soil, gravel, etc. constituting the ground as it is, or is filled with quarry stone or the like to form the heat storage material. It has become. Reference numeral 8 denotes a water discharge means disposed in the underground heat storage layer 3, for example, by heating the heat storage material by discharging the heated water to the heat storage material in the underground heat storage layer 3 to heat the heat storage material. To do. In addition, in the structure of this underground thermal storage layer 3, the discharged water is absorbed into the ground as it is. For this reason, if the groundwater tank 5 is formed as a well, part of the discharged water can be recovered as groundwater.

  In the case of the underground heat storage layer 3 having the above configuration, since a heat medium such as hot water is in direct contact with the heat storage material, the heat transfer efficiency is very high. For example, the temperature difference between the heat medium and the heat storage material is extremely small, for example, 1 ° C. Even in this case, heat can be reliably transferred to the heat storage material. From this point of view, it can be said that an open underground heat storage layer at this position is preferable from the viewpoint of heat storage efficiency and energy saving as the structure of the underground heat storage layer used in the system of the present invention.

  On the other hand, in the case of an underground heat storage layer as a sealed underground space as in each of the above-mentioned patent documents instead of the open type underground heat storage layer shown in the figure, naturally, piping in this space and hot water in the piping Only heat is transmitted to the heat storage medium, and the hot water having the heat transferred is configured to be collected so that the water does not collect in the underground heat storage layer that is a closed space.

Next, the structure of the temperature control layer 2 will be described.
The temperature control layer 2 is interposed between the underground heat storage layer 3 and the floor surface 1 of the house H. Reference numeral 9 is a pipe embedded in the temperature control layer 2 and configured to allow water, gas, or other fluid medium to pass or stay. In the configuration shown in the figure, water which is groundwater or rainwater is supplied.

  The temperature control layer 2 has a function of transferring heat from the underground heat storage layer 3 side to the floor surface 1 by passing or retaining a liquid or gas having a predetermined temperature as described later, or blocking the heat of the underground heat storage layer 3. Have. For this reason, it is desirable that the material constituting the temperature control layer 2 has a certain heat transfer function. As the component material, concrete that has been used as a heat storage material is generally used, but considering the future demolition of the house, such as the replacement of the house H, the concrete that becomes a large amount of construction waste is not necessarily Not a valid material.

  If the temperature control layer 2 is formed of a natural material such as wall soil instead of the cocrete, it is possible to form a temperature control layer having a heat transfer characteristic substantially the same as or higher than that of concrete. In the configuration shown in the figure, the temperature control layer 2 is in direct contact with the floor surface 1. However, if the support structure corresponding to the joist is embedded in the temperature control layer 2, the temperature control is performed. Since the layer 2 does not need to have a structure that supports the floor surface, the layer 2 can be sufficiently composed of the natural material.

  Reference numeral 4 denotes a moisture-proof layer interposed between the temperature control layer 2 and the underground heat storage layer 3. For the underground heat storage layer 3, water is discharged through the underground water discharge means (hereinafter simply referred to as “water discharge means”) 8 in the illustrated configuration, so that the discharged water does not leak into the room. The moisture-proof layer 4 is disposed on the necessity. If the moisture-proof layer 4 is a film-like film that does not allow moisture to pass, such as a laminated film of a metal film and a plastic film, the object can be sufficiently achieved.

  First, the function of the above configuration will be described in the case where heat is stored in the underground heat storage layer 3 such as summer. The valves V1 and V2 are opened, and the water in the groundwater tank 5 is supplied to the water heater 7 using a transfer means such as a pump 10. In the water heater 7, the supplied water is heated by sunlight S to a maximum of about 80 ° C., depending on the amount of sunlight, and by opening the valve V 3, through the water discharge means 8 in the underground heat storage layer 3. Water is discharged to the heat storage material of the underground heat storage layer 3. Thereby, the underground heat storage layer 3 is gradually heated to accumulate heat. In this case, when the underground open type heat storage layer is used, since the hot water directly contacts the heat storage material, the heat transfer efficiency is extremely high.

On the other hand, since heat radiation from the floor raises the room temperature, it is necessary to block heat radiation from the underground heat storage layer 3 at a time when heating is not required such as in summer. The heat radiation is cut off as follows in the illustrated configuration.
That is, the valve V4 is kept closed, and in this state, the valve V5 is opened and a part of the groundwater supplied to the water heater 7 is caused to flow into the pipe 9 in the temperature control layer 2. Although it varies depending on the area, the groundwater is usually constant at 14 ° C to 16 ° C regardless of the season. By supplying this groundwater to the pipe 9, the temperature of the temperature control layer 2 is lower than the temperature of the underground heat storage layer 3. The temperature is set and offset with the temperature transferred from the underground heat storage layer 3, thereby blocking the transfer of heat from the underground heat storage layer 3 to the floor surface 1.

  It is possible to adjust the floor surface temperature by adjusting the unit time flow rate of groundwater to the pipe 9. That is, if the flow rate is large, the floor surface temperature can be lowered to near the groundwater temperature, and the flow rate of the groundwater is adjusted in accordance with the required temperature of the floor surface. In this way, it becomes possible to store heat sufficiently in the underground heat storage layer 3 mainly in the summer without considering the increase in the indoor temperature of the house H, and prepare for the winter where heating is required. It is also possible to use rainwater in the rainwater tank 6 by opening the valve V6 instead of or in addition to the groundwater. In the configuration shown in the drawing, the water supply path is shown as a main body, and the rainwater tank 6 is displayed as being exposed to the outside air. It is desirable to use it as a constant temperature close to groundwater.

Next, the case where the heat of the underground heat storage layer 3 is used, such as in winter, will be described.
First, the valves V4 and V5 are normally closed, and the water in the pipe 9 is retained in the pipe. In this state, the temperature control layer 2 is heated by the heat from the underground heat storage layer 3 so that the temperature control layer 2 and the underground heat storage layer 3 are thermally integrated, so that the heat stored in the underground heat storage layer 3 is the moisture-proof layer. 4. It is transmitted to the floor surface 1 through the temperature control layer 2 to heat the interior of the house H. In this case, the water staying in the pipe 9 of the temperature control layer 2 is heated to a temperature corresponding to the amount of heat by the heat from the underground heat storage layer 3, and the heat of the underground heat storage layer 3 side as the temperature control layer 2 as a whole. It will be transmitted indoors. In other words, it can be understood that the temperature control layer 2 itself functions as a heating element for the room, and the underground heat storage layer 3 functions as a means for supplying thermal energy to the temperature control layer 2 as the heating element. In this case, since the pipe 9 is filled with water having the largest heat capacity, the temperature control layer 2 itself can maintain a predetermined temperature and stably heat the room.

  Even in the winter, the water in the water heater 7 may be higher than the temperature corresponding to the amount of heat supplied from the underground heat storage layer 3 in fine weather. In this case, the valve V3 is opened and the warm water is discharged into the underground heat storage layer 3 by the water discharge means 8 to replenish the amount of heat stored in the underground heat storage layer 3. At the same time, the valve V4 may be opened to send a part of this hot water to the pipe 9 of the temperature control layer 2, and the temperature control layer 2 itself generates heat by this hot water to raise the temperature of the floor surface 1. .

  In the above-described configuration, water is supplied to the temperature control layer 2, but the temperature control layer 2 transmits or blocks heat from the underground heat storage layer 3 to the room. Therefore, if it is possible to achieve this function, the fluid supplied to the temperature control layer 2 need not be limited to water, but a gas such as air at a predetermined temperature. It does not matter.

  FIG. 2 shows a system of the above-described components. The heating auxiliary means indicated by reference numeral 10 in the figure is an artificial material used when the heat from the underground heat storage layer 3 is insufficient when heating the interior of the house H and the amount of heat from the water heater 7 cannot be secured sufficiently. For example, an electric heater is used. This heating auxiliary means is an exceptional and auxiliary use, and its energy source is not directly using artificial energy like the above-mentioned electricity, for example, heat generated during fuel cell operation for generating electricity. It is also possible to use the heat that is originally discarded, such as by using. In addition, in the case of the underground open-type heat storage layer, since it is possible to store a large amount of heat over a long period of time including summer in the case of heating, basically it depends on the capacity of the underground heat storage layer. This heating auxiliary means is not necessary.

FIG. 3 shows an example of the opening / closing timing of each valve when water is supplied.
First, as the case C1, when the floor surface temperature of the floor 1 is higher than a temperature (set temperature) set in advance as an appropriate temperature, the valve V5 is opened and the groundwater is directly supplied to the temperature control layer 2 to thereby store the underground heat storage layer 3. Prevents side heat from being transferred to the floor.

  Case C2 is a case where the floor surface temperature is lower than the set temperature, as opposed to case C1, and in this case, the valve V4 is opened and hot water is supplied from the water heater 7 to raise the floor surface temperature to the set temperature. Let In this case, when the temperature of the hot water supplied from the water heater 7 does not reach the set temperature, the heating auxiliary means 10 raises the floor surface to a predetermined temperature.

  Case C3 relates to heat storage in the underground heat storage layer 3. When the temperature of the hot water discharged from the water heater 7 is higher than the temperature of the underground heat storage layer 3, the valve V3 is opened and the underground heat storage layer is opened from the water discharge means 8. 3 for warm water. As described above, the summer is almost in this state, and in most cases, this case C3 is carried out simultaneously with the case C1.

  In the above, the present invention has been described by taking as an example the case of storing natural energy mainly in the summer in order to carry out the indoor heating mainly in the winter, but conversely, the present invention is also applied to the case where the main purpose is cooling in the summer. It can be carried out as it is.

  That is, in an area where there is a certain amount of snow in winter, the underground heat storage layer 3 is composed of snow or ice brought into the underground space, and in the winter, the temperature control layer 2 is formed so that the floor surface is not cooled by the snow or ice. On the other hand, a medium such as hot water is supplied so that the negative amount of heat on the underground heat storage layer 3 side is not transmitted, and in the summer, the negative heat amount of the underground heat storage layer 3 is transmitted to the floor via the temperature control layer 2. It is also possible to perform cooling.

  In the above embodiment, the object of the present invention is a relatively small structure such as a house. However, the structure of the present invention can be applied to a large structure such as a building or a factory.

It is a figure which shows the Example of this invention, Comprising: It is sectional drawing of the house which has an underground thermal storage layer and a temperature control layer. It is a block diagram of the water supply system shown in FIG. It is a block diagram which shows the open / close state of the valve in the water supply system shown in FIG.

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Floor of (house H) 2 Temperature control layer 3 Underground thermal storage layer 4 Moisture-proof layer 5 Groundwater tank 6 Rainwater tank 7 Solar water heater 8 Water discharge means 9 Piping 10 Bump 11 Underground open partition H House S Sunlight V1-V6 Valve

Claims (8)

In a system that has an underground heat storage layer in the basement of the structure and transmits the positive or negative heat stored in the underground heat storage layer to the space of the structure through the floor of the structure to cool and heat the space A temperature control layer is formed between the underground heat storage layer and the floor of the structure, and a medium having a predetermined temperature is supplied to the temperature control layer. An air conditioning system having an underground heat storage layer, wherein the heat of the underground heat storage layer is transmitted to the floor surface by adjusting to the temperature of the floor, or the heat transfer of the underground heat storage layer to the floor surface is blocked. The cooling / heating system having an underground heat storage layer according to claim 1, wherein the medium supplied to the temperature control layer is water, and the water is heated by a solar water heater. 3. The temperature control layer includes a pipe through which a medium passes, and the temperature control layer is configured to have a predetermined temperature when a medium having a predetermined temperature passes through the pipe. An air conditioning system with an underground heat storage layer. The air conditioning system having an underground heat storage layer according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the temperature control layer is formed by hardening natural soil represented by wall soil. The underground thermal storage layer is composed of the same soil as the ground or a natural material such as stone filled in place of this soil, and the bottom of the underground thermal storage layer is open to the ground, and 5. A cooling / heating system having an underground heat storage layer according to any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein a water discharge means is disposed. The air conditioning system having an underground heat storage layer according to claim 5, wherein a moisture barrier layer is formed between the underground heat storage layer and the temperature control layer. The cooling and heating system having an underground thermal storage layer according to claim 1, wherein the underground thermal storage layer is filled with snow or ice, and cooling is performed by the amount of minus heat of the snow. A system that has an underground heat storage layer in the basement of the structure and transmits the positive or negative heat stored in the underground heat storage layer to the space of the structure via the floor of the structure to cool and heat the space In the underground heat storage layer used in the above, the underground open type partition walls are formed vertically downward from the periphery of the bottom of the structure, and the heat storage medium is filled in the space surrounded by these underground open type partition walls. A structure of an underground heat storage layer, wherein the layer of the heat storage medium is open to the ground so as to come into contact with the ground.

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