EP1713600B1 - Device and method for producing tooth-like profiled sections on workpieces - Google Patents

Device and method for producing tooth-like profiled sections on workpieces Download PDF

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Publication number
EP1713600B1
EP1713600B1 EP04708704.4A EP04708704A EP1713600B1 EP 1713600 B1 EP1713600 B1 EP 1713600B1 EP 04708704 A EP04708704 A EP 04708704A EP 1713600 B1 EP1713600 B1 EP 1713600B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
workpiece
drive
forming tools
workpieces
workpiece holder
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EP04708704.4A
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German (de)
French (fr)
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EP1713600A1 (en
Inventor
Daniel Deriaz
Peter Geser
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Ernst Grob AG
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Ernst Grob AG
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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
    • B21D—WORKING OR PROCESSING OF SHEET METAL OR METAL TUBES, RODS OR PROFILES WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
    • B21D53/00—Making other particular articles
    • B21D53/26—Making other particular articles wheels or the like
    • B21D53/28—Making other particular articles wheels or the like gear wheels
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
    • B21H—MAKING PARTICULAR METAL OBJECTS BY ROLLING, e.g. SCREWS, WHEELS, RINGS, BARRELS, BALLS
    • B21H5/00—Making gear wheels, racks, spline shafts or worms
    • B21H5/02—Making gear wheels, racks, spline shafts or worms with cylindrical outline, e.g. by means of die rolls
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
    • B21H—MAKING PARTICULAR METAL OBJECTS BY ROLLING, e.g. SCREWS, WHEELS, RINGS, BARRELS, BALLS
    • B21H5/00—Making gear wheels, racks, spline shafts or worms
    • B21H5/02—Making gear wheels, racks, spline shafts or worms with cylindrical outline, e.g. by means of die rolls
    • B21H5/025—Internally geared wheels

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a device according to the preamble of claim 1 and a method according to the preamble of claim 7, (see eg US-A-4,307,592 ).
  • impact rolling machines are conventionally used.
  • the movements of the tools i. the working movement, direction and delivery of Profiltechniksrollen resp. rollers, and the movement of the workpiece, i. the axial feed to the tools as well as the rotation of the workpiece, coordinated with each other geometrically determined to achieve the desired profiling in the appropriate dimensions and accuracies.
  • the working movement and feed movement of both the tools as well as the workpiece can be done continuously, which can be realized by coupling these movements by means of mechanical or electronic transmission.
  • the workpiece should ideally be discontinuous resp. be rotated intermittently.
  • Such a movement can be mechanically, for example by means of a gear construction based on the Realize Malter Heilgetriebes.
  • a transmission allows the generation of discontinuous rotational movements starting from a continuously rotating drive machine.
  • the respective rotational steps or graduation steps are dependent on the geometry of the transmission and its translation. This means that the division steps to be achieved must be defined and, based on this, the gearbox must be designed and built accordingly.
  • such a transmission and thus the production plant is limited to a specific, predetermined number of workpiece teeth.
  • the object of the present invention was to find such a device, which allows easy adjustment of the pitching steps in the rotation of workpieces, in particular for workpieces for processing with impact rolling machines.
  • the device for producing cylindrical workpieces which have a defined profiling, with an axially displaceable and intermittently rotatable about the longitudinal axis Workpiece holder and periodically acting on the workpiece forming tools, at least one separate from the drive of the forming tools separate drive for the intermittent rotation of the workpiece holder on.
  • This separate drive is connected to an electronic control, which controls the intermittent rotation in response to the drive of the forming tools.
  • This can advantageously be the rotational position of the workpiece as desired depending on the respective movement resp. Set the position of the forming tools and thus produce a precise profile geometry over the entire length of the profile of the workpiece. Both the position and the duration of the workpiece standstill during the Umformwerkmaschinemaschinemaschinemaschinemaschinemaschinemaschinemaschinemaschinemaschinemaschinemaschinemaschinemaschinemaschinemaschinemaschinemaschinemaschinemaschinemaschinemaschinemaschinemaschinemaschinemaschinemaschinemaschinemaschinemaschinemaschinemaschinemaschinemaschinemaschinemaschinemaschinemaschinemaschinemaschinemaschinemaschinemaschinemaschinemaschinemaschinemaschinemaschinemaschinemaschinemaschinemaschinemaschinemaschinemaschinemaschinemaschinemaschinemaschinemaschinemaschinemaschinemaschinemaschinemaschinemaschinemaschinemaschinemaschinemaschinemaschinemaschinemaschinemaschinemaschinemaschinemaschinemaschinemaschine
  • the forming tools are profiled rollers or rollers, which are driven continuously circulating on a circular path, wherein the circular path is arranged parallel or obliquely with respect to the longitudinal axis of the workpiece, preferably adjustable, extending.
  • the electronic control of the intermittent rotation of the workpiece has proved to be particularly advantageous.
  • the workpiece holder is mounted in a parallel to the workpiece axis guided and displaceable headstock and connected via an at least axially elastic coupling with the drive.
  • the drive is advantageously free of the forces acting on the workpiece forces of the forming tools and despite the high forming forces exact positioning resp. guarantee intermittent rotation.
  • the drive is arranged in a likewise guided parallel to the workpiece axis and displaceable secondary headstock.
  • the secondary headstock can be arranged either in the same guide as the headstock of the workpiece holder, or in a separate, arranged parallel thereto guide.
  • This will be achieved a very large variation of the movements and allows the production of complicated profile geometries.
  • such a device is also suitable for the generation of obliquely extending with respect to the longitudinal axis profilings. Gearing.
  • the workpieces are cylindrical solid or hollow body.
  • the inventive device is advantageously suitable both for the processing of solid bodies as well as for the processing of hollow bodies.
  • hollow bodies both external and internal profiles can be resp. -veriereitch be generated.
  • the hollow workpieces are applied to a cylindrical mandrel, which preferably has a profiled, preferably longitudinally profiled, surface.
  • the method for producing cylindrical workpieces with a defined profiling with an axially displaceable work fixture for the workpieces and intermittently rotatable about the longitudinal axis, and forming tools acting periodically on the work piece, is characterized in that the work piece is moved about its longitudinal axis by means of an electronic control system with one of the forming tools separate drive rotates resp. is stopped. This happens according to the invention as a function of the movement of the forming tools and thus to produce a certain defined profiling geometry.
  • control imposes on the workpiece both a left and right turn as well as a standstill.
  • desired profiling geometry can be generated very accurately according to the geometry and movement of the forming tools.
  • the controller also controls the drive and the feed movement of the forming tools according to specifications, as well as the axial feed movement of the workpiece.
  • the gearboxes do not have to be readjusted in a labor-intensive manner due to different division numbers for different workpieces, for example. be rebuilt.
  • the invention further claims the use of a device according to the invention and / or application of the method according to the invention for producing helical gears on cylindrical workpieces.
  • FIG. 1 shows the longitudinal section through a conventional impact rolling machine for machining cylindrical workpieces.
  • the workpiece 1 is seated on a workpiece holder 2, which can be fed along its axis z into the processing area 3.
  • the delivery takes place for example via its own drive 4, which drives a spindle 6 via a gear 5.
  • the forming tools 9, which are driven by the drive 8, are mechanically connected directly to the workpiece holder 2 via a maltese-cross-type transmission 7.
  • the intermittent rotation about the axis Z of the workpiece holder 2 with the movement of the forming tools 9 is directly coupled according to the interpretation of the translation and the maltesernchartigen gear 7, respectively. synchronized. Due to this design, a defined profile can now be incorporated into the surface of the workpiece 1 by the forming tools 9.
  • FIG. 2 is now shown schematically the longitudinal section through an inventive device.
  • the structure and drive of the processing area 3 corresponds to the known structure, as in FIG. 1 is shown.
  • the drive 8 is advantageously connected via a mechanical transmission 10 with the forming tools 9.
  • the workpiece holder 2 with the workpiece 1 now has its own drive 11.
  • the delivery of the workpiece 1 is again advantageously via a separate drive 4 with gear 5 and spindle 6, wherein the drive 11 together with the workpiece 1, respectively. the workpiece holder 2 is delivered.
  • both the drive 8 and the drive 11 advantageously have corresponding position sensors.
  • the big advantage of the electronic synchronization is on the one hand that the control accordingly
  • the specifications for the profile division can each be set individually quickly and easily without having to intervene in the impact rolling machine.
  • Programming tools provided a particularly simple setting resp. Programming the control of the machine, eliminating the need for manual adjustment.
  • FIG. 3 is still schematically the front view of a workpiece 1 shown with engaged machining tool in the form of a profile roller 12.
  • the profile roller 12 is shown here in its current maximum penetration depth into the surface of the workpiece 1.
  • a profiling of the workpiece surface is achieved, in each case at a distance t, which is referred to as profile division.
  • this area is now still shown in longitudinal section, from which it can be seen that the profile roller 12 is guided on a circular path, wherein the circle 13 represents the trajectory of the outer regions of the profile roller 12.
  • the profile roller is shown on the one hand in the exit position 12 ', where it just leaves the surface of the workpiece 1, and in the preliminary work position 12 ", where the forming work on the workpiece 1 is started, and the profiled roller enters the area of the profile just formed during the following revolution of the profile roller 12, it has to be rotated around its circular path about the profile pitch t in order to achieve a profiling around the entire circumference, this standstill phase can be achieved according to the invention precisely by the separate drive and electronic synchronization and the number of teeth to be generated, in particular be easily adjusted in relation to the position and duration of the workpiece standstill.
  • a helical toothing can be realized by means of the impact rolling tools.
  • inventive embodiment with electronically coupled drive also allows the use of the same machine for spin forming with spinning rollers, not an intermittent rotation of the workpiece is necessary, but this must be driven in rotation with a certain, usually very high constant speed. This eliminates the need for conventional switching devices of the mechanical transmission, as these can also be easily set and performed electronically by the controller.
  • This flow-forming process makes it possible to preform in the same operation first on a spinning mandrel from a disc a thin-walled hollow part and then to interlock this on the same spinning mandrel.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Shaping Metal By Deep-Drawing, Or The Like (AREA)
  • Milling Processes (AREA)
  • Electrical Discharge Machining, Electrochemical Machining, And Combined Machining (AREA)

Description

Die vorliegende Erfindung betrifft eine Vorrichtung nach dem Oberbegriff von Anspruch 1 sowie ein Verfahren nach dem Oberbegriff von Anspruch 7, (siehe z.B. US-A-4 307 592 ).The present invention relates to a device according to the preamble of claim 1 and a method according to the preamble of claim 7, (see eg US-A-4,307,592 ).

Für die kaltumformende Herstellung von zylindrischen Werkstücken, welche eine verzahnungsartige Geometrie aufweisende Profilierungen erhalten sollen, werden herkömmlicherweise Schlagwalzmaschinen eingesetzt. Dabei müssen die Bewegungen der Werkzeuge, d.h. die Arbeitsbewegung, Richtung und Zustellung der Profilierungsrollen resp. -walzen, und die Bewegung des Werkstückes, d.h. die axiale Zustellung zu den Werkzeugen sowie die Rotation des Werkstückes, miteinander geometrisch bestimmt koordiniert werden, um die gewünschte Profilierung in den entsprechenden Abmessungen und Genauigkeiten zu erreichen.For the cold-forming production of cylindrical workpieces, which are to receive a tooth-like geometry having profilings, impact rolling machines are conventionally used. The movements of the tools, i. the working movement, direction and delivery of Profilierungsrollen resp. rollers, and the movement of the workpiece, i. the axial feed to the tools as well as the rotation of the workpiece, coordinated with each other geometrically determined to achieve the desired profiling in the appropriate dimensions and accuracies.

In der Regel können die Arbeitsbewegung und Zustellbewegung sowohl der Werkzeuge wie auch des Werkstückes kontinuierlich erfolgen, was durch Koppelung dieser Bewegungen mittels mechanischer oder elektronischer Getriebe realisiert werden kann. Zur Erzeugung einer definierten Gerad- oder Schrägverzahnung sollte das Werkstück jedoch idealerweise diskontinuierlich resp. intermittierend rotiert werden.In general, the working movement and feed movement of both the tools as well as the workpiece can be done continuously, which can be realized by coupling these movements by means of mechanical or electronic transmission. To produce a defined straight or helical gearing, however, the workpiece should ideally be discontinuous resp. be rotated intermittently.

Eine derartige Bewegung lässt sich mechanisch z.B. mittels einer Getriebekonstruktion auf der Basis des Malterkreuzgetriebes realisieren. Ein solches Getriebe erlaubt die Erzeugung von diskontinuierlichen Rotationsbewegungen ausgehend von einer kontinuierlich rotierenden Antriebsmaschine. Die jeweiligen Rotationsschritte oder Teilungsschritte sind dabei abhängig von der Geometrie des Getriebes sowie seiner Übersetzung. Das bedeutet, dass die zu erzielenden Teilungsschritte definiert und darauf basierend das Getriebe entsprechend ausgelegt und gebaut werden muss. In der Regel ist ein solches Getriebe und damit die Produktionsanlage auf eine bestimmte, vorgegebene Werkstückzähnezahl eingeschränkt.Such a movement can be mechanically, for example by means of a gear construction based on the Realize Malterkreuzgetriebes. Such a transmission allows the generation of discontinuous rotational movements starting from a continuously rotating drive machine. The respective rotational steps or graduation steps are dependent on the geometry of the transmission and its translation. This means that the division steps to be achieved must be defined and, based on this, the gearbox must be designed and built accordingly. As a rule, such a transmission and thus the production plant is limited to a specific, predetermined number of workpiece teeth.

Dies bedeutet, dass praktisch für jede unterschiedliche Werkstückzähnezahl ein eigenes Getriebe aufgebaut werden muss. Dies bedeutet einen verhältnismässig grossen Aufwand, welcher sich nicht zuletzt auch in verhältnismässig hohen Produktionskosten und hohem Umrüstaufwand niederschlägt.This means that a separate gear has to be built up for practically every different number of workpiece teeth. This means a relatively large effort, which is not least reflected in relatively high production costs and high conversion costs.

Die Aufgabe der vorliegenden Erfindung bestand darin, eine derartige Vorrichtung zu finden, welche eine einfache Einstellung der Teilungsschritte bei der Rotation von Werkstücken erlaubt, insbesondere für Werkstücke zur Bearbeitung mit Schlagwalzmaschinen.The object of the present invention was to find such a device, which allows easy adjustment of the pitching steps in the rotation of workpieces, in particular for workpieces for processing with impact rolling machines.

Diese Aufgabe wird erfindungsgemäss durch eine Vorrichtung mit den Merkmalen nach Anspruch 1 gelöst. Weiter, erfindungsgemäss bevorzugte Ausführungsformen ergeben sich aus den Merkmalen der weiteren Ansprüche 2 bis 6.This object is achieved according to the invention by a device having the features of claim 1. Further, according to the invention preferred embodiments result from the features of further claims 2 to 6.

Erfindungsgemäss weist die Vorrichtung zur Erzeugung von zylindrischen Werkstücken welche eine definierte Profilierung aufweisen, mit einer axial verschiebbaren und um die Längsachse intermittierend rotierbaren Werkstückhalterung sowie periodisch auf das Werkstück einwirkenden Umformwerkzeugen, mindestens einen mechanisch vom Antrieb der Umformwerkzeuge getrennten separaten Antrieb für die intermittierende Rotation des Werkstückhalters auf. Dieser separate Antrieb ist mit einer elektronischen Steuerung verbunden, welche die intermittierende Rotationsbewegung in Abhängigkeit des Antriebs der Umformwerkzeuge ansteuert. Damit lässt sich vorteilhaft die Rotationsposition des Werkstückes beliebig in Abhängigkeit zur jeweiligen Bewegung resp. Stellung der Umformwerkzeuge einstellen und damit eine präzise Profilgeometrie über die gesamte Länge des Profils des Werkstückes erzeugen. Dabei sind sowohl die Lage wie auch die Dauer des Werkstückstillstandes während des Umformwerkzeugeingriffes beliebig einstellbar.According to the invention, the device for producing cylindrical workpieces which have a defined profiling, with an axially displaceable and intermittently rotatable about the longitudinal axis Workpiece holder and periodically acting on the workpiece forming tools, at least one separate from the drive of the forming tools separate drive for the intermittent rotation of the workpiece holder on. This separate drive is connected to an electronic control, which controls the intermittent rotation in response to the drive of the forming tools. This can advantageously be the rotational position of the workpiece as desired depending on the respective movement resp. Set the position of the forming tools and thus produce a precise profile geometry over the entire length of the profile of the workpiece. Both the position and the duration of the workpiece standstill during the Umformwerkzeugeingriffes are arbitrarily adjustable.

Beispielsweise lässt sich damit eine Profilierung von Werkstücken mit wesentlich höherer Drehzahl als bei herkömmlicher mechanischer Verbindung der Antriebe durchführen. Diese wesentlich höheren Drehzahlen sind deshalb möglich, weil der elektronisch gesteuerte Antrieb gegenüber den mechanischen Getrieben zur Erzeugung der intermittierenden Rotationsbewegung des Werkstückes ein wesentlich geringeres Massenträgheitsmoment aufweist. Dabei können auch die verzahnungsspezifischen optimalen Parameter für die Geometrie der Verzahnung wesentlich schneller eingestellt werden. Damit wird eine höhere Produktionsrate bei geringeren Einrichtungs- und Produktionskosten erreicht.For example, it is thus possible to carry out a profiling of workpieces at a considerably higher rotational speed than with conventional mechanical connection of the drives. These significantly higher speeds are possible because the electronically controlled drive compared to the mechanical gears for generating the intermittent rotational movement of the workpiece has a much lower mass moment of inertia. In this case, the gear-specific optimum parameters for the geometry of the toothing can be set much faster. This achieves a higher production rate with lower set-up and production costs.

Vorzugsweise sind die Umformwerkzeuge profilierte Rollen oder Walzen, welche auf einer Kreisbahn kontinuierlich umlaufend angetrieben sind, wobei die Kreisbahn parallel oder schräg in Bezug auf die Längsachse des Werkstückes, vorzugsweise einstellbar, verlaufend angeordnet ist. Gerade bei den auf Schlagwalzmaschinen angewandten Umformverfahren hat sich die elektronische Regelung der intermittierenden Rotation des Werkstückes als besonders vorteilhaft erwiesen.Preferably, the forming tools are profiled rollers or rollers, which are driven continuously circulating on a circular path, wherein the circular path is arranged parallel or obliquely with respect to the longitudinal axis of the workpiece, preferably adjustable, extending. Especially in the forming processes used on impact rolling machines, the electronic control of the intermittent rotation of the workpiece has proved to be particularly advantageous.

Vorzugsweise ist der Werkstückhalter in einem parallel zur Werkstückachse geführten und verschiebbaren Spindelstock gelagert und über eine mindestens in Axialrichtung elastische Kupplung mit dem Antrieb verbunden. Damit bleibt der Antrieb vorteilhaft von den auf das Werkstück einwirkenden Kräften der Umformwerkzeuge frei und kann trotz der hohen Umformkräfte eine genaue Positionierung resp. intermittierende Rotation garantieren. Vorzugsweise ist der Antrieb in einem ebenfalls parallel zur Werkstückachse geführten und verschiebbaren Sekundärspindelstock angeordnet. Der Sekundärspindelstock kann dabei entweder in derselben Führung wie der Spindelstock des Werkstückhalters angeordnet sein, oder in einer separaten, parallel dazu angeordnet Führung.Preferably, the workpiece holder is mounted in a parallel to the workpiece axis guided and displaceable headstock and connected via an at least axially elastic coupling with the drive. Thus, the drive is advantageously free of the forces acting on the workpiece forces of the forming tools and despite the high forming forces exact positioning resp. guarantee intermittent rotation. Preferably, the drive is arranged in a likewise guided parallel to the workpiece axis and displaceable secondary headstock. The secondary headstock can be arranged either in the same guide as the headstock of the workpiece holder, or in a separate, arranged parallel thereto guide.

Vorzugsweise weisen die periodische Bewegung der Umformwerkzeuge, die intermittierende Rotationsbewegung des Werkstückhalters, sowie die axiale Zustellung des Werkstückhalters getrennte Antriebsaggregate auf, welche elektronisch miteinander gekoppelt sind, vorzugsweise mit der elektronischen Steuerung verbunden sind. Damit wird eine sehr grosse Variationsmöglichkeit der Bewegungen erreicht und die Fertigung auch von komplizierten Profilgeometrien ermöglicht. Insbesondere eignet sich eine solche Vorrichtung auch für die Erzeugung von in Bezug auf die Längsachse schräg verlaufenden Profilierungen resp. Verzahnungen.Preferably, the periodic movement of the forming tools, the intermittent rotational movement of the workpiece holder, as well as the axial feed of the workpiece holder on separate drive units, which are electronically coupled together, preferably connected to the electronic control. This will be achieved a very large variation of the movements and allows the production of complicated profile geometries. In particular, such a device is also suitable for the generation of obliquely extending with respect to the longitudinal axis profilings. Gearing.

Vorzugsweise sind die Werkstücke zylindrische Voll- oder Hohlkörper. Die erfindungsgemässe Vorrichtung eignet sich vorteilhaft sowohl für die Bearbeitung von Vollkörpern wie auch für die Bearbeitung von Hohlkörpern. Dabei können bei Hohlkörpern sowohl Aussen- wie auch Innenprofilierungen resp. -verzahnungen erzeugt werden.Preferably, the workpieces are cylindrical solid or hollow body. The inventive device is advantageously suitable both for the processing of solid bodies as well as for the processing of hollow bodies. In hollow bodies, both external and internal profiles can be resp. -verzahnungen be generated.

Vorzugsweise sind die hohlen Werkstücke auf einem zylindrischen Dorn aufgebracht, der vorzugsweise eine profilierte, vorzugsweise längsprofilierte, Oberfläche aufweist.Preferably, the hollow workpieces are applied to a cylindrical mandrel, which preferably has a profiled, preferably longitudinally profiled, surface.

Weiter wird die Aufgabe erfindungsgemäss durch die Merkmale des Verfahrens nach Anspruch 7 gelöst. Bevorzugte Ausführungsformen ergeben sich aus den Merkmalen der weitern Verfahren 8 und 9.Further, the object is achieved by the features of the method according to claim 7. Preferred embodiments result from the features of the further methods 8 and 9.

Erfindungsgemäss zeichnet sich das Verfahren zur Erzeugung von zylindrischen Werkstücken mit einer definierten Profilierung, mit einer axial verschiebbaren und um die Längsachse intermittierend rotierbaren Werkstückhalterung für die Werkstücke sowie periodisch auf das Werkstück einwirkenden Umformwerkzeugen, dadurch aus, dass das Werkstück mittels einer elektronischen Steuerung um seine Längsachse mit einem von den Umformwerkzeugen separaten Antrieb rotiert resp. angehalten wird. Dies erfolgt erfindungsgemäss in Abhängigkeit der Bewegung der Umformwerkzeuge und damit zur Erzeugung einer bestimmten definierten Profilierungsgeometrie.According to the invention, the method for producing cylindrical workpieces with a defined profiling, with an axially displaceable work fixture for the workpieces and intermittently rotatable about the longitudinal axis, and forming tools acting periodically on the work piece, is characterized in that the work piece is moved about its longitudinal axis by means of an electronic control system with one of the forming tools separate drive rotates resp. is stopped. this happens according to the invention as a function of the movement of the forming tools and thus to produce a certain defined profiling geometry.

Vorzugsweise auferlegt die Steuerung dem Werkstück sowohl eine Links- wie Rechtsdrehung wie auch einen Stillstand. Damit kann entsprechend der Geometrie und Bewegung der Umformwerkzeuge die gewünschte Profilierungsgeometrie sehr exakt erzeugt werden.Preferably, the control imposes on the workpiece both a left and right turn as well as a standstill. Thus, the desired profiling geometry can be generated very accurately according to the geometry and movement of the forming tools.

Vorzugsweise steuert die Steuerung auch den Antrieb und die Zustellbewegung der Umformwerkzeuge entsprechend von Vorgaben, wie auch die axiale Zustellbewegung des Werkstückes. Damit lässt sich der ganze Herstellungsprozess der Profilierung der zylindrischen Werkstücke einfach steuern und einfach an unterschiedliche Werkstücke anpassen. So müssen beispielsweise nicht die Getriebe aufgrund von anderen Teilungszahlen für unterschiedliche Werkstücke jeweils arbeitsintensiv neu eingestellt resp. umgebaut werden.Preferably, the controller also controls the drive and the feed movement of the forming tools according to specifications, as well as the axial feed movement of the workpiece. This makes it easy to control the entire manufacturing process of profiling the cylindrical workpieces and to easily adapt to different workpieces. For example, the gearboxes do not have to be readjusted in a labor-intensive manner due to different division numbers for different workpieces, for example. be rebuilt.

Erfindungsgemäss wird weiter die Verwendung einer erfindungsgemässen Vorrichtung und/oder Anwendung des erfindungsgemässen Verfahrens zur Erzeugung von Schrägverzahnungen auf zylindrischen Werkstücken beansprucht.The invention further claims the use of a device according to the invention and / or application of the method according to the invention for producing helical gears on cylindrical workpieces.

Ein Ausführungsbeispiel der vorliegenden Erfindung wird nachstehend anhand von Figuren noch näher erläutert. Es zeigen

  • Fig. 1 den Längsschnitt durch eine herkömmliche Bearbeitungsmaschine mit mechanisch gekoppelten Getrieben;
  • Fig. 2 den schematischen Längsschnitt durch eine erfindungsgemässe Vorrichtung mit elektronisch gekoppeltem Rotationsantrieb des Werkstückes;
  • Fig. 3 die schematisch Frontansicht eines Werkstückes mit Umformwerkzeug im Eingriff; und
  • Fig. 4 schematisch den Längsschnitt durch den Eingriffsbereich des Umformwerkzeugs im Werkstück nach Figur 3.
An embodiment of the present invention will be explained in more detail with reference to figures. Show it
  • Fig. 1 the longitudinal section through a conventional processing machine with mechanically coupled gears;
  • Fig. 2 the schematic longitudinal section through an inventive device with electronically coupled rotary drive of the workpiece;
  • Fig. 3 the schematic front view of a workpiece with forming tool in engagement; and
  • Fig. 4 schematically the longitudinal section through the engagement portion of the forming tool in the workpiece after FIG. 3 ,

Figur 1 zeigt den Längsschnitt durch eine herkömmliche Schlagwalzmaschine zur Bearbeitung von zylindrischen Werkstücken 1. FIG. 1 shows the longitudinal section through a conventional impact rolling machine for machining cylindrical workpieces. 1

Das Werkstück 1 sitzt auf einem Werkstückhalter 2, welcher entlang seiner Achse z in den Bearbeitungsbereich 3 zustellbar ist. Die Zustellung erfolgt beispielsweise über einen eigenen Antrieb 4, welcher über ein Getriebe 5 eine Spindel 6 antreibt.The workpiece 1 is seated on a workpiece holder 2, which can be fed along its axis z into the processing area 3. The delivery takes place for example via its own drive 4, which drives a spindle 6 via a gear 5.

Die Umformwerkzeuge 9, welche vom Antrieb 8 angetrieben sind, sind mechanisch direkt über ein malteserkreuzartiges Getriebe 7 mit dem Werkstückhalter 2 verbunden. Damit ist die intermittierende Rotation um die Achse Z des Werkstückhalters 2 mit der Bewegung der Umformwerkzeuge 9 direkt, entsprechend der Auslegung der Übersetzung und des malteserkreuzartigen Getriebes 7 gekoppelt resp. synchronisiert. Aufgrund dieser Auslegung kann nun in die Oberfläche des Werkstückes 1 durch die Umformwerkzeuge 9 ein definiertes Profil eingearbeitet werden.The forming tools 9, which are driven by the drive 8, are mechanically connected directly to the workpiece holder 2 via a maltese-cross-type transmission 7. Thus, the intermittent rotation about the axis Z of the workpiece holder 2 with the movement of the forming tools 9 is directly coupled according to the interpretation of the translation and the malteserkreuzartigen gear 7, respectively. synchronized. Due to this design, a defined profile can now be incorporated into the surface of the workpiece 1 by the forming tools 9.

Mit dieser Anordnung kann nun jeweils nur ein Profil mit einer bestimmten Profil- resp. Zähnezahl erstellt werden. Für eine andere Zähnezahl muss die Übersetzung zwischen dem Antrieb 8 und dem Werkstückhalter 2 angepasst werden, was nur durch Austausch der entsprechenden Zahnräder resp. Getriebeteile erfolgen kann. Ein solcher Austausch ist zeitaufwändig und sehr kostenintensiv.With this arrangement, only one profile with a particular profile resp. Number of teeth are created. For a different number of teeth, the translation between the drive 8 and the workpiece holder 2 must be adjusted, which is only by replacing the corresponding gears, respectively. Transmission parts can be done. Such an exchange is time consuming and very expensive.

In Figur 2 ist nun schematisch der Längsschnitt durch eine erfindungsgemässe Vorrichtung dargestellt.In FIG. 2 is now shown schematically the longitudinal section through an inventive device.

Der Aufbau und Antrieb des Bearbeitungsbereiches 3 entspricht dem bekannten Aufbau, wie er in Figur 1 dargestellt ist. Der Antrieb 8 ist vorteilhaft über ein mechanisches Getriebe 10 mit den Umformwerkzeugen 9 verbunden.The structure and drive of the processing area 3 corresponds to the known structure, as in FIG. 1 is shown. The drive 8 is advantageously connected via a mechanical transmission 10 with the forming tools 9.

Der Werkstückhalter 2 mit dem Werkstück 1 weist nun jedoch einen eigenen Antrieb 11 auf. Die Zustellung des Werkstückes 1 erfolgt wiederum vorteilhaft über einen separaten Antrieb 4 mit Getriebe 5 und Spindel 6, wobei auch der Antrieb 11 zusammen mit dem Werkstück 1 resp. dem Werkstückhalter 2 zugestellt wird.However, the workpiece holder 2 with the workpiece 1 now has its own drive 11. The delivery of the workpiece 1 is again advantageously via a separate drive 4 with gear 5 and spindle 6, wherein the drive 11 together with the workpiece 1, respectively. the workpiece holder 2 is delivered.

Die Synchronisation zwischen der intermittierenden Rotationsbewegung des Werkstückhalters 2 und damit des Werkstückes 1 und der Umformwerkzeuge 9 resp. deren Antriebes 8 erfolgt erfindungsgemäss elektronisch über eine Steuerung. Hierfür weisen vorteilhaft sowohl der Antrieb 8 wie auch der Antrieb 11 entsprechende Positionssensoren auf.The synchronization between the intermittent rotational movement of the workpiece holder 2 and thus of the workpiece 1 and the forming tools 9, respectively. whose drive 8 is carried out according to the invention electronically via a controller. For this purpose, both the drive 8 and the drive 11 advantageously have corresponding position sensors.

Der grosse Vorteil der elektronischen Synchronisierung liegt nun einerseits darin, dass die Steuerung entsprechend den Vorgaben an die Profilteilung jeweils individuell schnell und einfach eingestellt werden kann, ohne dass Eingriffe in die Schlagwalzmaschine vorzunehmen sind. Andererseits lassen sich damit auch Bewegungsabläufe, d.h. spezielle Rotationsmuster des Werkstückes 1 erzielen, wie sie mit einem mechanischen Getriebe nicht oder nur mit grossem Aufwand realisiert werden können, wie sie aber beispielsweise für das Schlagwalzen von Schrägverzahnungen notwendig sind. Weiter erlaubt der Einsatz von mit einer abrufbaren Codierung resp. Programmierung versehenen Werkzeugen eine besonders einfache Einstellung resp. Programmierung der Steuerung der Maschine, so dass praktisch eine manuelle Einstellung entfällt.The big advantage of the electronic synchronization is on the one hand that the control accordingly The specifications for the profile division can each be set individually quickly and easily without having to intervene in the impact rolling machine. On the other hand, it is also possible to achieve motion sequences, ie specific rotational patterns of the workpiece 1, such as can not be realized with a mechanical transmission or only with great effort, as is necessary, for example, for the impact rolling of helical gears. Next allows the use of with a retrievable coding resp. Programming tools provided a particularly simple setting resp. Programming the control of the machine, eliminating the need for manual adjustment.

In Figur 3 ist noch schematisch die Frontansicht eines Werkstückes 1 mit im Eingriff stehendem Bearbeitungswerkzeug in Form einer Profilrolle 12 dargestellt. Die Profilrolle 12 ist hier in ihrer aktuellen maximalen Eindringtiefe in die Oberfläche des Werkstückes 1 dargestellt. Entsprechend dem Profil der Profilrolle 12 wird eine Profilierung der Werkstückoberfläche erzielt, und zwar jeweils in einem Abstand t, welcher als Profilteilung bezeichnet wird.In FIG. 3 is still schematically the front view of a workpiece 1 shown with engaged machining tool in the form of a profile roller 12. The profile roller 12 is shown here in its current maximum penetration depth into the surface of the workpiece 1. According to the profile of the profile roller 12, a profiling of the workpiece surface is achieved, in each case at a distance t, which is referred to as profile division.

In der Figur 4 ist dieser Bereich nun noch im Längsschnitt dargestellt, aus welcher ersichtlich ist, dass die Profilrolle 12 auf einer kreisförmigen Bahn geführt ist, wobei dabei der Kreis 13 die Bahnkurve der äusserten Bereiche der Profilrolle 12 darstellt. Die Profilrolle ist einerseits in der Austrittsposition 12' dargestellt, wo sie die Oberfläche des Werkstückes 1 gerade verlässt, sowie in der Vorlaufposition 12", wo die Umformarbeit am Werkstück 1 begonnen wird, und die Profirolle in den Bereich des soeben geformten Profils eintritt. Zwischen diesen beiden Positionen muss das Werkstück 1 still stehen, damit exakt die gewünschte Profilform erzeugt werden kann, während das Werkstück 1 während dem folgenden Umlauf der Profilrolle 12 um ihre Kreisbahn um die Profilteilung t rotiert werden muss, um eine Profilierung um den gesamten Umfang zu erreichen. Diese Stillstandsphase kann gerade durch den separaten Antrieb und die elektronische Synchronisierung erfindungsgemäss erzielt werden und der zu erzeugenden Zähnezahl, insbesondere in Bezug auf die Lage und Dauer des Werkstückstillstandes einfach eingestellt werden.In the FIG. 4 this area is now still shown in longitudinal section, from which it can be seen that the profile roller 12 is guided on a circular path, wherein the circle 13 represents the trajectory of the outer regions of the profile roller 12. The profile roller is shown on the one hand in the exit position 12 ', where it just leaves the surface of the workpiece 1, and in the preliminary work position 12 ", where the forming work on the workpiece 1 is started, and the profiled roller enters the area of the profile just formed during the following revolution of the profile roller 12, it has to be rotated around its circular path about the profile pitch t in order to achieve a profiling around the entire circumference, this standstill phase can be achieved according to the invention precisely by the separate drive and electronic synchronization and the number of teeth to be generated, in particular be easily adjusted in relation to the position and duration of the workpiece standstill.

Gerade bei der Herstellung von derartigen Profilen in hohlzylindrischen Blechteilen kann damit eine hohe Produktionsrate durch hohe Drehzahlen erzielt werden, und die für die Profilgeometrie entscheidenden Einstellungen schnell und einfach über die entsprechend Steuerung erfolgen. Diese Einstellungen können vorteilhaft bei der Verwendung von Chipcodierten Werkzeugen automatisiert erfolgen und beispielsweise ein bereits in der Steuerung enthaltenes Programm ohne manuellen Eingriff aktivieren.Especially in the production of such profiles in hollow cylindrical sheet metal parts so that a high production rate can be achieved by high speeds, and the decisive for the profile geometry settings quickly and easily done via the appropriate control. These settings can advantageously be automated when using chip-coded tools and, for example, activate a program already contained in the controller without manual intervention.

Gerade bei derartigen Hohlteilen wird bei herkömmlichen Vorrichtungen durch die Rotation und den Vorschub entlang der Längsachse des Werkstückes 1 unterschiedlich grosser Druck durch die Profilrollen 12 auf die Flanken der Profilierung erzeugt. Bei der erfindungsgemässen Vorrichtung mit elektronischer Synchronisation und unabhängigem Rotationsantrieb lässt sich dieser Effekt durch entsprechende Kompensationsdrehbewegung um die Längsachse des Werkstückes 1 praktisch eliminieren. Dies war bei rein mechanischen Lösungen nur sehr aufwändig und in der Regel nicht vollständig durchführbar.Especially with such hollow parts is generated in conventional devices by the rotation and the feed along the longitudinal axis of the workpiece 1 different sized pressure by the profile rollers 12 on the flanks of the profiling. In the inventive device with electronic synchronization and independent rotary drive, this effect can be virtually eliminated by appropriate compensation rotational movement about the longitudinal axis of the workpiece 1. For purely mechanical solutions, this was only very time-consuming and, as a rule, not completely feasible.

Auch kann durch die individuelle Steuerungsmöglichkeit der intermittierenden Rotation des Werkstückes beispielsweise auch eine Schrägverzahnung mittels der Schlagwalzwerkzeuge realisiert werden.Also, by the individual control option of the intermittent rotation of the workpiece, for example, a helical toothing can be realized by means of the impact rolling tools.

Weiter erlaubt die erfindungsgemässe Ausführung mit elektronisch gekoppeltem Antrieb auch die Verwendung derselben Maschine zum Drückwalzen mit Drückrollen, wobei nicht eine intermittierende Rotation des Werkstückes notwendig ist, sondern dieses mit einer bestimmten, in der Regel sehr hohen konstanten Drehzahl rotierend angetrieben werden muss. Dabei entfällt die bei herkömmlichen Vorrichtungen notwendige Umschaltung des mechanischen Getriebes, da diese ebenfalls elektronisch durch die Steuerung einfach eingestellt und durchgeführt werden kann. Dieser Drückwalzvorgang ermöglicht es im gleichen Arbeitsgang zuerst auf einem Drückdorn aus einer Scheibe ein dünnwandiges Hohlteil vorzuformen und dieses dann anschliessend auf dem gleichen Drückdorn zu verzahnen.Further, the inventive embodiment with electronically coupled drive also allows the use of the same machine for spin forming with spinning rollers, not an intermittent rotation of the workpiece is necessary, but this must be driven in rotation with a certain, usually very high constant speed. This eliminates the need for conventional switching devices of the mechanical transmission, as these can also be easily set and performed electronically by the controller. This flow-forming process makes it possible to preform in the same operation first on a spinning mandrel from a disc a thin-walled hollow part and then to interlock this on the same spinning mandrel.

Claims (10)

  1. Device for the manufacture of cylindrical workpieces (1) which have a defined profiling, with an axially movable workpiece holder (2) which is rotatable about the longitudinal axis (Z) and forming tools (9) periodically acting on the workpiece (1), wherein for the rotational movement of the workpiece holder (2), at least one separate drive (11) is provided which is mechanically separate from the drive (8) of the forming tools (9), characterized in that the workpiece holder (2) is intermittently rotatable about its longitudinal axis (Z), and in that said separate drive (11) is connected with an electronic control by means of which the intermittent rotational movement of the workpiece holder (2) and thus the rotating and stopping of the workpiece (1) is controllable in dependence of the drive (8) of the forming tools (9), wherein the position and the duration of the standstill of the workpiece during the forming tool contact is adjustable by means of the electronic control and the separate drive (11).
  2. Device according to claim 1, characterized in that the forming tools (9) are profiled wheels or rollers (12), which are driven to continually rotate along a circular orbit (13), wherein the circular orbit (13) is, preferably adjustably, oriented parallel or obliquely relative to the longitudinal axis (Z) of the workpiece (1).
  3. Device according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the workpiece holder (2) is supported in a headstock (20) guided and movable in parallel to the workpiece axis (Z) and is connected with the separate drive (11) by means of a coupling (22) which elastic at least in axial direction, wherein the separate drive (11) is preferably positioned in a secondary headstock (21) which also is guided and moveable parallel to the workpiece axis (Z).
  4. Device according to one of claim I to 2, characterized in that the periodic movement of the forming tools (9; 12), the intermittent rotational movement of the workpiece holder (2), as well as the axial advancement of the workpiece holder (2) have separate drive units (4; 8; 11), which are electronically coupled with one another and preferably connected with the electronic control.
  5. Device according to one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that the workpieces (1) are solid or hollow cylindrical bodies.
  6. Device according to one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that the workpieces (1) are mounted on a cylindrical mandrel, which preferably has a profiled, preferably longitudinally profiled surface.
  7. Method for manufacturing cylindrical workpieces (1) having a defined profiling, with an axially movable workpiece holder (2) for the workpieces (1), which is intermittently rotatable about the longitudinal axis (Z), as well as with forming tools (9) periodically acting on the workpiece (1) and driven by a drive (8), characterized in that the workpiece holder (2) is intermittently rotated about its longitudinal axis (Z), and in that the separate drive (11) is controlled by an electronic control, and in that the workpiece (1) is rotated about its longitudinal axis (Z) and stopped by means of the electronic control in dependence of the movement of the forming tools (9), for the generation of a predetermined defined profiling geometry at the workpiece (1), wherein the position and the duration of the standstill of the workpiece during the forming tool contact is adjustable by means of the electronic control and the separate drive (11).
  8. Method according to claim 7, characterized in that the control imposes on the workpiece (1) left hand and right hand rotation as well as a standsill.
  9. Method according to claim 7 or 8, characterized in that the control also controls the drive (8) and the advancement movement of the forming tools (9) according to preselected settings, as well as the axial advancement movement of the workpiece (1).
  10. Use of a device according to one of claims 1 to 6 and/or of a method according to one of claims 7 to 9 for the manufacture of helical toothings on cylindrical workpieces (1).
EP04708704.4A 2004-02-06 2004-02-06 Device and method for producing tooth-like profiled sections on workpieces Expired - Lifetime EP1713600B1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

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PCT/CH2004/000066 WO2005075125A1 (en) 2004-02-06 2004-02-06 Device and method for producing tooth-like profiled sections on workpieces

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EP1713600B1 true EP1713600B1 (en) 2016-10-12

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EP (1) EP1713600B1 (en)
JP (1) JP2007519528A (en)
CN (1) CN100429018C (en)
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ES (1) ES2610462T3 (en)
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WO2009112074A1 (en) * 2008-03-13 2009-09-17 Ernst Grob Ag Device and method for generating tooth-like profiles in workpieces
US9890808B2 (en) 2015-04-22 2018-02-13 American Axle & Manufacturing, Inc. Telescoping propshaft
CN105081155B (en) * 2015-09-11 2017-01-25 浙江汇丰汽配制造有限公司 Spline gear rolling locating tool
CH714772A1 (en) 2018-11-15 2019-09-13 Grob Ernst Fa Device and method for cold forming profiling of workpieces.
CN112605218B (en) * 2020-11-30 2022-11-15 四川航天长征装备制造有限公司 Small compensation amount spinning wheel angle adjusting device of numerical control spinning machine tool
CH718706A1 (en) * 2021-06-04 2022-12-15 Grob Ernst Fa Device and method for cold-forming profiling of workpieces.
CN114523047B (en) * 2022-02-23 2022-10-04 吉林大学 Gear bionic-shape tooth surface rolling forming equipment

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CA2553544A1 (en) 2005-08-18
US20070163320A1 (en) 2007-07-19
US7562549B2 (en) 2009-07-21
EP1713600A1 (en) 2006-10-25
CN100429018C (en) 2008-10-29
WO2005075125A1 (en) 2005-08-18
ES2610462T3 (en) 2017-04-27
JP2007519528A (en) 2007-07-19
CN1913988A (en) 2007-02-14
CA2553544C (en) 2010-02-23

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