EP1442808A2 - Flat rolling die - Google Patents

Abstract

Cold rolling machine comprises two profiled rollers (2, 4) moving in opposite directions and each arranged on a guide (52, 54) over a carriage (56, 58); and an adjusting device (38, 40) having an adjustment drive (44) via which the rollers can be adjusted during the rolling process. An independent claim is also included for a process for cold rolling a workpiece using the above machine. Preferred Features: The adjusting device has a guiding carriage (38, 40) for each guide, the guiding carriage being able to move on a bevel guide (34, 36).

Description

The invention relates to a rolling rod, the use of corresponding rolling rods in a cold rolling machine and a method for cold rolling a Workpiece with corresponding rolling rods.

In cold rolling machines, the workpiece to be machined is rotated between tense two tips or other quick release devices, this Workpiece clamping device is usually associated with a feed axis. The desired profiling of the workpiece takes place via two synchronously counter-rotating rolling rods that impinge on the workpiece at the same time and this first by friction and later by positive engagement in Set the rotation. In doing so, the material gets into the free spaces of the tool, i.e. displaced by the rolling rods. Usually, the height of the ground Profile of the rolling rod in the forming area, so that each tooth of the Rolling bar is pushed slightly deeper into the workpiece, as the previous one. After reaching the full tread depth, a calibration zone and connect a relaxation zone along which the geometry and the Surface quality of the workpiece is optimized.

This non-cutting cold forming profiles, such as splines (straight or oblique), spiral gears, oil grooves, threads or knurls is about thirty times faster than the machining of the profiles. Cold rolled workpieces also offer higher strength, better surface quality and great accuracy.

In the prospectus "special machine program XK" the applicant is a Cold rolling machine presented, in which the two counter-movable Rolling rods are arranged in the horizontal direction while the workpiece axis also in the horizontal direction transversely to the direction of movement of the rolling rods is arranged. The disadvantage of this solution is that due to the Horizontal arrangement of the rolling rods a considerable width of the cold rolling machine is required. This known machine also has one hydraulic drive whose hydraulic unit requires a lot of space.

This disadvantage is achieved by a cold rolling machine according to WO 99/43454 A1 overcome, in which the rolling rods are arranged in the vertical direction, so that the machine requires a much smaller footprint.

For dimensional corrections on the workpiece, it may be necessary to form the predetermined profile depth of the rolling rod in the radial direction (based on to deliver the workpiece). This delivery is done manually via adjusting screws, about the radial position of the rolling rods against the workpiece is adjustable. For this readjustment of the rolling process must be interrupted so that the productivity of the plant is reduced.

In contrast, the invention has the object, a rolling rod and to provide a method of cold rolling, through which the downtime are reduced during production.

This object is achieved with regard to the rolling rod by the features of Patent claim 1 solved.

The rolling rod according to the invention, which in particular for the production of Deckverzahnungen or spiral teeth serves, has a profiling, with the same profile substantially over the entire Working surface of the rolling rod extends. Their production is easier than in the conventional rolling rods with increasing in the rolling direction Tread depth.

A tread depth is substantially consistent along a range.

Calibration and relaxation zones can be formed at end sections. The calibration and relaxation zones may be formed by ramps.

The area extending between the ramps can substantially with be formed constant profile depth.

At the end sections of the profiling ramps with low tread depth be educated. The ramps may be short ramps.

Advantageously, the length of the ramps is substantially less than the length with consistent profiling.

Preferably, a rolling rod according to the invention of hardened and ground Cold work steel made.

The rolling rods according to the invention can be used advantageously in one Cold rolling machine with an infeed device with integrated feed drive, about the rolling rods during the rolling process in the direction of engagement adjustable are. D. h., Each rolling rod is assigned a Zustellachse, the one Adjustment of the rolling rods in approximately radial direction with respect to the machined Workpiece allows. By this delivery device can thus the tread depth can be changed during the rolling process, so that, for example the desired final tread depth not required - as in the prior art during a feed movement of the rolling rods, but during a plurality of Walzstangenhüben can be formed, in which the rolling rods in Radial direction be adjusted. This allows the length of the rolling rod minimize so that the dimensions of the cold rolling machine remain relatively low.

In this Reversierbetrieb therefore the profile with several Walzstangenhüben trained, while in the known machines the profile with only had to be rolled to a hub - it is obvious that the conventional Process a much greater burden on the machine and the Represents rolling rods.

Since the tread depth is determined by the feed device, the rolling rods can be carried out essentially with constant tread depth, so that their production much easier than in the conventional rolling rods with increasing profile depth in the rolling direction. The initially described Calibration and relaxation zones can be accessed via small ramps the end portions of the rolling rods are formed, wherein the between the ramps extending portion of the rolling rods substantially is formed with a constant tread depth.

In a particularly preferred embodiment, each of the two rolling rods each associated with a guide carriage, along along inclined guides is displaceable. These two inclined guides are V-shaped to each other employed, so that by moving the guide carriage along the associated inclined guide the radial distance between roll bar and Workpiece is changeable. D. h., The delivery movement is done by moving the rolling rod along the wedge-shaped inclined guides, so that by adjusting the rolling rods without tool change a variation the number of teeth, the rolling of even and odd numbers of teeth, a positioned rolling and the quality optimization of the profile by division correction is possible.

The delivery movement can be carried out very precisely, if any Guide carriage its own feed drive, such as a planetary spindle drive assigned. Alternatively, other suitable drives, such as rack drives, ball screw drives or hydraulic drives are used.

The structure of the cold rolling machine can be further simplified if the free end portions of the slidable along the inclined guides Guide carriages are connected via a console on which the drives for the roll bar device are stored.

The inventive concept can be particularly advantageous in cold rolling machines use whose rolling rods are driven in the vertical direction, so that the footprint of the machine according to the invention is minimal. The Overall height can be achieved by driving the rolling rods in the horizontal direction minimize.

According to the invention, the workpiece can be transferred via the rolling rods Forces or be driven by its own rotary drive, with synchronized to the drive of the rolling rods.

In an advantageous variant of the invention, the deformation of the Workpiece subjected to ultrasound. Through this ultrasound is the Flow limit lowered during the forming process, so that the forming forces compared to conventional solutions are reduced.

The guide slides supporting the inclined guides are advantageously supported on two spaced support legs of a machine bed, these two support legs to increase the rigidity over Cross straps are connected.

Other advantageous developments of the invention are the subject of further subclaims.

Figur 1

eine schematische Schnittdarstellung einer Kaltwalzmaschine;

Figur 2

eine geschnittene Draufsicht auf die Kaltwalzmaschine aus Figur 1 und

Figur 3

eine schematische Darstellung einer Walzstange aus Figur 1.

In the following a preferred embodiment of the invention will be explained in more detail with reference to schematic drawings. Show it:

FIG. 1

a schematic sectional view of a cold rolling machine;

FIG. 2

a sectional plan view of the cold rolling machine of Figure 1 and

FIG. 3

a schematic representation of a rolling rod of Figure 1.

Figure 1 shows a section through a cold rolling machine 1, wherein the two rolling rods 2, 4 arranged in the vertical direction (with respect to the footprint) are, while a workpiece, not shown supporting headstock. 6 (only indicated in Figure 1) in the horizontal direction, d. H. parallel to the support surface is arranged. The workpiece is rotatable in this headstock 6 stored, via an NC drive, not shown, for example Supply or removal of the workpiece from the processing area, before or after the rolling process, a displacement in the axial direction (perpendicular to the Drawing plane) is possible. The embodiment of the headstock with a Quill and a rear centering differs essentially not of usual solutions, so that in terms of further details of simplicity Reference is made to the above-mentioned brochure of the applicant be.

By the cold rolling machine can be a variety of profiles, for example Serrations, threads, raceways, oil grooves, ring grooves, Form knurls or other special shapes also in Reversierbetrieb.

The control of the cold rolling machine 1 is arranged laterally according to FIG Cabinets 7 housed. This extremely compact construction with minimal footprint allows the cold rolling machine 1 as so-called Hook machine, which is practically a functional unit pre-assembled and delivered.

The illustrated cold rolling machine 1 has a made of mineral casting Substructure, the two upwards (view of Figure 1) projecting support leg 10, 12 has. These each have a stepped recess with a visible in Figure 1 horizontal support surface 14 and a vertical support surface (Figure 2) 16, at one of the two support legs 10, 12 overstretching Bridge construction 18 is supported. This is cut in Figure 2 and essentially contains the guides and drives for the reciprocating movement of the rolling rods 2, 4.

The bridge rods 18, 2 supporting the bridge construction 18 each has one attached to the support legs 10, 12 supporting body 20, 22, which is substantially consists of a cast-supporting structure 24, which is filled with a mineral casting is executed.

As can be seen in particular from FIG. 2, the two support bodies 20, 22 via a rear transverse strap 26 and a front transverse strap 28 with each other connected, which extend the area between the two support legs 10, 12. The end portions of the front cross-bar 28 are at the through the Horizontal support surface 14 and the vertical support surface 16 formed bearing surfaces the support legs 10 and 12 attached. Both transverse straps 26, 28 each have a recess 30, 32, through which the workpiece with the associated clamping devices of the headstock 6 (indicated in FIG 2) can be feasible in the editing area.

As further shown in particular Figure 2, are at the opposite End faces of the two support bodies 20, 22 and the Cast support structure 24 cast-in inclined track guides 34, 36 in shape formed by flat track guides made of plastic, which is characterized by a low Friction, high accuracy, long life and optimum Characterize damping behavior. Along these inclined track guides 34, 36 is in each case a guide carriage 38, 40 out, in the investment area to the two support body 20, 22 is designed with guide legs, the Incline track guide 34, 36. The determination of the guide carriages 38, 40 in the transverse direction (Figure 1) via a counter-guide 42, the Engage behind side surfaces of the flat track guide 36.

As can be seen in particular from Figure 1, the two end faces of the Inclined track guides 34, 36 v-shaped against each other, so that their distance to the footprint decreases. The angle of attack of each flat track guide 34, 36 may be, for example, 3 °.

The axial displacement of the two guide carriage 38, 40 takes place via in each case an NC drive 44, for example, as a planetary spindle drive with servomotor 50 may be executed. In each case, a spindle nut 46 is rotatable stored in the support body 22 and 24, while the planetary spindle 48 in a console of the guide carriage 38 and 40 stored and a Timing belt is connected to the servo motor 50. Depending on the direction of rotation of the Servo motor 50, the planetary spindle 48 through the fixed spindle nut 46 set in rotation and this as axial displacement on the guide carriage 38, 40 transmitted so that these along the inclined track guides 34 and 36 are moved.

The remote from the inclined rail guides 34, 36 end faces of the Guide carriage 38, 40 are parallel to the feed axis of the two Rolling rods 2, 4, so that the guide carriage, 38, 40, in the illustration according to Figure 1 have an approximately wedge-shaped cross-section. The rolling rods 2, 4 assigning end faces of the guide carriage 38, 40 are also as guides 52, 54 along which slides 56, 58 are guided, on which the rolling rods 2, 4 are attached.

The guides 52, 54 are also again as cast flat rail guides executed and correspond in terms of the structure essentially the inclined guides 34, 36. D. h., The carriage 56, 58 dive with their end face in a U-shaped recess of the associated guide carriage 38, 40, wherein this recess is designed as a sliding guide.

The determination of the carriage 56, 58 on the associated guide carriage 38, 40th takes place via a counter-guide 60.

The extending in Figure 1 on the two support legs 10, 12 also End sections of the two guide slides 38, 40 each have a bracket 62, in each of which an NC drive 64, 66 is mounted. These practically have the Same structure as the drive 44 for the guide carriage 38, 40th D. h., a planetary spindle 48 is (here via a toothed belt 68) (Figure 2) with a servo motor 50 and rotatably mounted in the bracket 62. The with the planetary spindle 48 cooperating spindle nut 46 is rotatably each mounted in a carriage 56, 58, so that upon rotation of the Planet spindle 48, the spindle nut 46 and the associated carriage 56 and 58 is displaced along the guide 52 and 54, respectively. The planetary spindle 48 passes through an inner bore of the associated carriage 56, 58. The two NC drives 64, 66 are driven in such a way that the two rolling rods 2, 4 offset in the counter-synchronized movements become.

Figure 3 shows a schematic representation of a rolling rod 2, as in the cold rolling machine 1 according to Figure 1 can be used.

This roll bar 2 is made of hardened and ground in a conventional manner Made of cold work steel and carries a profiling 70, whose Profile depth S along a region T is substantially constant. At the two end portions of the profiling 70 ramps 72 are formed, whose length U is substantially less than the length T with constant profiling 70 is. Due to the substantially constant profiling leaves The rolling rod shown in Figure 3 much easier than conventional Producing rolling rods in which the tread depth in the region T is variable. The regrinding of the rolling rod shown in Figure 3 is due the substantially constant tread depth much easier than at the conventional solutions.

Figure 1 shows the basic position of the cold rolling machine 1, in which the Carriage 58 in its upper and the carriage 56 in its lower end position located. In this basic position, the two guide carriages 38, 40 driven over the NC drives 44 in their upper end position, so that the Distance between the rolling rods 2, 4 is maximum (minimum tread depth). In This basic position, the workpiece on the headstock 6 in its processing position brought between the two rolling rods 2, 4.

Subsequently, both NC drives 64, 66 synchronously and in opposite directions controlled, so that the two rolling rods 2, 4 in opposite directions on the workpiece accumulate and these by friction and positive engagement set in rotation, wherein the engagement between the workpiece and the two rolling rods 2, 4 the forming process takes place. The profile depth can be synchronous Displacement of the two guide slides 38, 40 along the inclined surfaces 34, 36 are set, with the maximum tread depth during a stroke the rolling rods 2, 4 or during several successive strokes (also in Reversierbetrieb) is formed. By suitable inclination of the inclined guide 34, 36 and corresponding stroke of the NC drives can be, for example produce a tread depth of up to about 5 mm. The rolling process is constantly monitored, so that the rolling process by variable speed profiles both for the feed of the guide carriage 34, 36 and the Carriage 56, 58 can be optimized.

Through the interconnected via the bridge structure 18 support legs 10, 12 ensures a very rigid machine construction, wherein the mineral casting substructure 8 and the mineral cast-filled supporting bodies 20, 22 cause a much better damping than conventional designs. The cast mineral substructure makes it possible to integrate all supply elements, whereby after casting the substructure practically no additional Editing is required.

The vertical orientation of the rolling rods 2, 4 simplifies the coolant removal to the solution disclosed in the Applicant's

Of course, instead of the planetary spindle drives mentioned Other suitable drives, such as ball screw drives, Rack drives or hydraulic drives are used. Of the Substructure may differ from the above-described embodiment also formed in a conventional manner by a welded or cast construction be.

The adjustability of the guide carriages 38, 40 also makes it possible to perform a division correction during the rolling process, so that the Rolling quality compared to conventional solutions with rolling rods considerably is improved. Instead of the described sliding guide can alternatively conventional, non-plastic-coated sliding guides, rolling guides, For example, roller shoes or flat cage guides are used, the However, both in terms of load ratings and the cost of less than the molded guideways are.

In the above-described embodiment, the workpiece by the Engaged with the rolling rods 2, 4 driven. In an alternative variant the workpiece can be assigned a separate rotary drive, with the NC drives 64, 66 of the rolling rods is synchronized, so that the stroke of the Rolling rods 2, 4 synchronized with the rotation of the workpiece to be rolled is.

The forming forces can be reduced when the rolled area of the Workpiece is subjected to ultrasound. For this Ultraschallbeaufschlagung For example, a suitable ultrasonic head can be integrated into the cold rolling machine become. Another possibility is the rotation of the Workpiece during the rolling process with ultrasonic vibrations overlap. This could for example be done by the above-described Rotary drive for the workpiece generates a rotational movement with superimposed on high frequency ultrasonic vibrations of low amplitude. Due to the vibration influence of the forming process can be Reduce forming forces during the rolling process, so that an increase the process speed is enabled. Due to the reduction of the Tile boundary can also be difficult to form by conventional methods Cold rolled materials.

Disclosed is a cold rolling machine, in which the rolling rods are preferably in Vertical direction are arranged and via a feed device during the Rolling in the radial direction with respect to the workpiece to be machined are adjustable.

LIST OF REFERENCE NUMBERS

1

Cold Rolling Machine

2, 4

rolling bar

6

headstock

7

switch cabinet

8th

substructure

10, 12

support legs

14

Horizontal support surface

16

Vertical support surface

18

bridge construction

20, 22

support body

24

Cast supporting structure

26

rear cross-strap

28

front cross strap

30, 32

recesses

34, 36

inclined guides

38, 40

guide carriage

42

counter-guide

44

NC drive

46

spindle nut

48

planetary spindle

50

servomotor

52, 54

guides

56, 58

carriage

60

clamping bodies

62

console

64, 66

NC drives

68

toothed belt

70

profiling

72

ramp

Claims (21)

Rolling bar, in particular for producing toothings, characterized by a profiling (70) which extends with a constant profile substantially over the entire effective area of the rolling bar (2, 4). Roll bar according to claim 1, characterized in that a tread depth (S) along a region (T) is substantially constant. Roll bar according to Claim 1 or 2, characterized in that calibration zones are formed at end sections. Roll bar according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that expansion zones are formed at end sections. Roll bar according to claim 3 or 4, characterized in that the calibration / relaxation zones are formed by ramps (72). Roll bar according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that ramps (72) with a low tread depth are formed on the end sections of the profiling (70). Roll bar according to claim 6, characterized in that the region (T) extending between the ramps (72) is designed substantially with a constant tread depth. Roll bar according to claim 6 or 7, characterized in that the ramps are short ramps (72). Roll bar according to one of claims 5 to 8, characterized in that the length (U) of the ramps (72) is substantially smaller than the length (T) with constant profiling. Roll bar according to one of the preceding claims, characterized by a production of hardened and ground cold work steel. Use of rolling rods according to one of the preceding Claims in a cold rolling machine with two counter-rotating, profiled rolling rods (2, 4), each via a carriage (56, 58) are mounted on a guide (52, 54) and in engagement with a rotatably mounted between the rolling rods (2, 4) workpiece stand, and with a delivery device (38, 40, 20, 22) with at least a feed drive (44) over which the rolling rods (2, 4) during the Rolling process in the direction of engagement are adjustable. Use of rolling rods according to claim 11, wherein the feed device for each guide (52, 54) a guide carriage (38, 40) has, which is slidably mounted on a slanted guide (34, 36), wherein the two rolling rods (2, 4) associated with inclined guides (34, 36) are V-shaped to each other employed. Use of rolling rods according to claim 11 or 12, wherein each one Guide carriage (38, 40) a feed drive (44), preferably a NC drive is assigned. Use of rolling rods according to one of claims 11 to 13, the free end portions of the guide carriages (38, 40) being a bracket (62) on which the drives (64, 66) for the rolling rods (2, 4) are stored. Use of rolling rods according to any one of claims 11 to 14, wherein the guides (52, 54) for the rolling rods (2, 4) in the vertical direction or arranged in the horizontal direction. Use of rolling rods according to claim 12, wherein the inclined guides (34, 36) on two support legs (10, 12) of a substructure (8) are arranged. Use of rolling rods according to claim 16, wherein the two Support legs (10, 12) via transverse straps (26, 28) connected to each other are. Use of rolling rods according to one of claims 11 to 17, wherein the workpiece is associated with a drive associated with the racks drive is synchronized. Use of rolling rods according to any one of claims 11 to 18, comprising an ultrasonic device over which the rolled portion of the rolling piece with vibrations in the ultrasonic range can be acted upon. Method for cold rolling a workpiece which is in operative engagement with two oppositely driven rolling rods (2, 4) according to one of Claims 1 to 10, wherein the rolling rods (2, 4) during the Rolling in the radial direction with respect to the workpiece adjusted become. The method of claim 20, wherein the predetermined tread depth formed during several successive Walzstangenhübe becomes.

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