EP1712512B1 - Vorrichtung zum Öffnen und Schliessen eines Greiferpaares - Google Patents

Vorrichtung zum Öffnen und Schliessen eines Greiferpaares Download PDF

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Publication number
EP1712512B1
EP1712512B1 EP05252326A EP05252326A EP1712512B1 EP 1712512 B1 EP1712512 B1 EP 1712512B1 EP 05252326 A EP05252326 A EP 05252326A EP 05252326 A EP05252326 A EP 05252326A EP 1712512 B1 EP1712512 B1 EP 1712512B1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
pair
load
pivot arm
lifters
load lifters
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Active
Application number
EP05252326A
Other languages
English (en)
French (fr)
Other versions
EP1712512A1 (de
Inventor
John Van Gemert
Patrick Grant
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Caterpillar Work Tools BV
Original Assignee
Caterpillar Work Tools BV
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Caterpillar Work Tools BV filed Critical Caterpillar Work Tools BV
Priority to DE602005019027T priority Critical patent/DE602005019027D1/de
Priority to DK05252326.3T priority patent/DK1712512T3/da
Priority to AT05252326T priority patent/ATE455724T1/de
Priority to EP05252326A priority patent/EP1712512B1/de
Publication of EP1712512A1 publication Critical patent/EP1712512A1/de
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP1712512B1 publication Critical patent/EP1712512B1/de
Active legal-status Critical Current
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical

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Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B66—HOISTING; LIFTING; HAULING
    • B66C—CRANES; LOAD-ENGAGING ELEMENTS OR DEVICES FOR CRANES, CAPSTANS, WINCHES, OR TACKLES
    • B66C3/00—Load-engaging elements or devices attached to lifting or lowering gear of cranes or adapted for connection therewith and intended primarily for transmitting lifting forces to loose materials; Grabs
    • B66C3/14—Grabs opened or closed by driving motors thereon
    • B66C3/16—Grabs opened or closed by driving motors thereon by fluid motors
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B66—HOISTING; LIFTING; HAULING
    • B66C—CRANES; LOAD-ENGAGING ELEMENTS OR DEVICES FOR CRANES, CAPSTANS, WINCHES, OR TACKLES
    • B66C1/00—Load-engaging elements or devices attached to lifting or lowering gear of cranes or adapted for connection therewith for transmitting lifting forces to articles or groups of articles
    • B66C1/10—Load-engaging elements or devices attached to lifting or lowering gear of cranes or adapted for connection therewith for transmitting lifting forces to articles or groups of articles by mechanical means
    • B66C1/42—Gripping members engaging only the external or internal surfaces of the articles
    • B66C1/425—Gripping members engaging only the external or internal surfaces of the articles motor actuated
    • B66C1/427—Gripping members engaging only the external or internal surfaces of the articles motor actuated by hydraulic or pneumatic motors

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to apparatus for opening and closing a pair of load lifters.
  • the present invention relates to apparatus for opening and closing shells of a clamshell grab, simultaneously.
  • a conventional clamshell grab has a pair of shells pivotably connected at pivot points to a housing of apparatus for opening and closing the shells.
  • One shell has lever arms which protrude from the top edge of the shell above and below its pivot point.
  • the other shell only has lever arms which protrude above the pivot points.
  • the apparatus for opening and closing the shells includes a hydraulic cylinder which is mounted between lever arms that extend above the pivot points of the shells.
  • the hydraulic cylinder has a piston rod which actuates to rotate one of the shells to an open or closed position.
  • the apparatus also includes a pushbar which is used to correspondingly rotate the other shell as the piston rod is actuated.
  • the pushbar is connected diagonally between bottom lever arms on one shell, and top lever arms on the other shell.
  • the bottom lever arms on one of the shells, and that part of the pushbar connected thereto, extend into the volume defined by the shells which can interfere with a load being lifted and emptied by the clamshell grab. Furthermore, the headroom, i.e. volumetric capacity, of the shells is reduced because the bottom lever arms and that part of the pushbar connected thereto extend into the headroom of the shells. Further still, due to the positioning of the pushbar on the bottom lever arms on one of the shells, it is difficult to enclose this within the housing to fully protect it and the hydraulic cylinder from damage and excess wear caused by a load, which can then lead to early failure of the apparatus.
  • an apparatus for opening and closing a pair of load lifters pivotably mountable on a support frame comprising a ram assembly pivotably connectable to each of said pair of load lifters; a pivot arm pivotably mountable on the support frame and disposed between said pair of load lifters; a first link pivotably connectable between one of said pair of load lifters and a first location on the pivot arm; and a second link pivotably connectable between the other one of said pair of load lifters and a second location on the pivot arm; wherein actuation of the ram assembly causes said pair of load lifters to open and close.
  • a work implement 10 comprising a pair of load lifters 12, 14, apparatus 50 for opening and closing said pair of load lifters 12, 14, and a housing 100.
  • the work implement 10 is in the form of a clamshell grab but may be of other forms as will be appreciated by a person skilled in the art.
  • the work implement 10 is connected to a work machine (not shown) by connection means 16, and is operated from the work machine.
  • the load lifters 12, 14 are shells, but they may be of other forms, for example, buckets, pincers, jaws, claws, etc.
  • the load lifters 12, 14 are made of a suitable material as known in the art.
  • Teeth 18 may be located along a bottom edge 20 of the load lifters 12, 14 to scoop and dig a load.
  • a pair of hinges 22 extend from a top edge 24 of the load lifters 12, 14 and are pivotably connected at pivot points 26, 28 to the housing 100.
  • the load lifters 12, 14 each have two pairs of lever arms 30a, 30b; 31a, 31b; 32a, 32b; 33a, 33b which project from the top edge 24 of each load lifter 12, 14 for connection to the apparatus 50 for opening and closing the load lifters 12, 14.
  • lever arms 30a, 30b; 31a, 31b; 32a, 32b; 33a, 33b project above the pivot points 26, 28 of the load lifters 12, 14.
  • Each lever arm of the pair 30a, 30b; 31a, 31b; 32a, 32b; 33a, 33b is separated by a small distance on the top edge 24 of the load lifters 12, 14 to receive respective ends 62a, 64a of a first and second link 62, 64 as detailed below.
  • lever arms 30a, 32a and 31a, 33a A relatively larger distance between lever arms 30a, 32a and 31a, 33a is provided to receive a ram assembly 52 as detailed below.
  • the lever arm pairs 30a, 30b; 31a, 31b; 32a, 32b; 33a, 33b are situated on the top edges 24 of each load lifter 12, 14 such that the ram assembly 52 is located substantially at a midpoint of each top edge 24 of the load lifters 12, 14 to prevent torsion in the load lifters 12, 14.
  • the apparatus 50 for opening and closing the load lifters 12, 14 includes the ram assembly 52, and two link assemblies 54, 56 disposed either side of the ram assembly 52. It is to be appreciated that whilst two link assemblies 54, 56 are provided at either side of one ram assembly 52, the number of ram assemblies 52 and link assemblies 54, 56, and their location, can be varied to be application specific, for example, one link assembly 54, 56 may be located at a midpoint between the load lifters 12, 14, with a ram assembly 52 disposed either side. Other combinations are anticipated.
  • the ram assembly 52 is in the form of a hydraulic cylinder having a cylinder 58 and a slidable piston rod 60, but may be of other forms, for example a pneumatic cylinder.
  • the link assemblies 54, 56 each include a first link 62, a second link 64, and a pivot arm 66, where the first link 62 is pivotably connected between lever arms 30a, 30b and 32a, 32b on one load lifter 12, and the pivot arm 66, and the second link 64 is connected between lever arms 31a, 31b and 33a, 33b on the other load lifter 14, and the pivot arm 66.
  • the pivot arm 66 is substantially of the form of two triangular plates 68, which are parallel and separated apart by a hollow tubular member 70 connected to inwardly facing surfaces 68a of the plates 68 at an apex corner 72.
  • a pin 74 is inserted through the plates 68 at the apex corner 72, and through the tubular member 70, to pivotably mount the pivot arm 66 to a support frame 90 to provide a fixed pivot point 67.
  • Apertures 76, 78 are also located at corners 80, 82 furthest apart on the plates 68 to receive a pin 84, 86, onto which the other ends 62b, 64b of each of the first and second links 62, 64 is pivotably connected.
  • the plates 68 are separated by a distance which accommodates the width of the first and second links 62, 64.
  • first and second links 62, 64 may be connected to the pivot arm 66 at any location along their lengths.
  • the first and second links 62, 64 are of the form of rectangular bars having eyes at either longitudinal end for pivotable connection.
  • first and second links 62, 64 The dimensions of the first and second links 62, 64, the location of the apertures 72, 76, 78 and pins 74, 84, 86 on the pivot arm 66, and the mounting location of the pivot arm 66 on the support frame 90 are such that the first and second links 62, 64 can pivot from a load lifter open position to a load lifter closed position without interfering with the tubular member 70, whilst at the same time, keeping the length of the pivot arm 66 to a minimum.
  • the longitudinal length of the first and second links 62, 64, the location of the pivot arm 66 on the support frame 90, the angles of the links 62, 64 to the pivot arm 66, and the dimensions of the pivot arm 66 may all be varied to obtain optimum conditions for load capacity, and minimum height of the apparatus 50. It should be appreciated that if the angles of the links 62, 64 to the pivot arm 66 are too great, the apparatus 50 may experience relatively high torsional forces.
  • the fixed pivot point 67 of the pivot arm 66 is arranged offset to one side of an axis (Y) located midway between the load lifters 12, 14, and below the height of a central longitudinal axis (X) of the ram assembly 52. It is to be appreciated that the fixed pivot point 67 may also be above the axis (X) of the ram assembly 52.
  • the support frame 90 ( Figs. 4 to 6 ) is made up of two parallel support plates 92 vertically slotted at either side of the ram assembly 52 and connected to the housing 100.
  • the support plates 92 have apertures 94 to allow pivoting of the lever arms 30a, 30b; 31a, 31b; 32a, 32b; 33a, 33b.
  • the housing 100 has a base 102 which may enclose the ram assembly 52, the link assemblies 54, 56, the support plate 90 and part of the lever arms 30a, 30b; 31a, 31b; 32a, 32b; 33a, 33b.
  • the other sides 110, 112 of the housing 100 have an aperture 114 to receive the pin 74 of the fixed pivot point 67 of the pivot arm 66, thus securing the pivot arm 66 in place between the support frame 90 and housing 100.
  • a work implement 10 for opening and closing a pair of load lifters 12, 14, simultaneously, and a housing 100 substantially the same as the first embodiment, with the exception of the pivot arm.
  • the pivot arm 166 has elongate plates 168, as oppose to the triangular plates 68 of the first embodiment.
  • Fixed pivot point 167 of the pivot arm 166 is located intermediate corners 180, 182 of the plates 168, such that all three apertures 176, 178, 179 and pins 184, 186, 189 are located substantially along a central longitudinal axis (Z) of the pivot arm 166.
  • the fixed pivot point 167 of the pivot arm 166 is arranged substantially along an axis (Y) midway between the load lifters 12, 14, and substantially along the same height as a central longitudinal axis (X) of the ram assembly 52.
  • the fixed pivot point 167 of the pivot arm 166 may also be arranged offset to one side of axis (Y).
  • load lifter 14 will be mirrored by load lifter 12 as a result of the link assemblies 54, 56 and, in particular: (i) to the extent that the lengths of the first links 62 are identical to the length of the second links; and (ii) to the extent that the pins 84, 86, of the pivot arms 66, are equidistant from the fixed pivot points 67.
  • the load lifters 12, 14 are opened in a similar manner, but it is to be appreciated that the direction of rotation of the various parts will be reversed, upon retraction of the piston rod 60.
  • the second embodiment of the present invention operates in substantially the same way as the first embodiment of the present invention.
  • no component parts of the apparatus 50 extend below the base 102 of the housing 100 into the headroom defined by the volumetric capacity of the load lifters 12, 14; and that this is not at the expense of the volumetric capacity for a given size of load lifters 12, 14, i.e. the base 102 of the housing 100 can be located higher up for a given size of load lifters 12, 14.
  • the base 102 of the housing 100 can be located higher up for a given size of load lifters 12, 14.
  • the base 102 of the housing 100 spans completely underneath the apparatus 50 to protect it from damage and excess wear caused by a load.
  • the overall height of the apparatus 50 is relatively small compared with the prior art, by virtue of the horizontal ram assembly 52, and shallow link assemblies 54, 56.
  • the base 102 of the housing 100 also prevents ingress of dust or particles into the apparatus 50 from directly below.
  • the second embodiment has all the advantages of the first embodiment.
  • the first embodiment may be slightly smaller in height, and require slightly less rotation of the pivot arm to close the shells compared with this embodiment by virtue of the triangular plates 68; although having said this, both embodiment still have significant advantages over the prior art.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Forklifts And Lifting Vehicles (AREA)
  • Supplying Of Containers To The Packaging Station (AREA)
  • Load-Engaging Elements For Cranes (AREA)

Claims (14)

  1. Vorrichtung (50) zum Öffnen und Schließen eines Paars Lastheber (12, 14), die auf einem Stützrahmen (90) schwenkbar montierbar sind, wobei die Vorrichtung (50) eine Kolbenanordnung (52) beinhaltet, die mit jedem des Paars Lastheber (12, 14) schwenkbar verknüpfbar ist, und dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Vorrichtung (50) ferner Folgendes beinhaltet:
    einen Schwenkarm (66, 166), der auf dem Stützrahmen (90) schwenkbar montierbar ist und zwischen dem Paar Lastheber (12, 14) angeordnet ist;
    ein erstes Verbindungsglied (62), das zwischen einem der Paar Lastheber (12) und einer ersten Stelle auf dem Schwenkarm (66, 166) schwenkbar verknüpfbar ist; und
    ein zweites Verbindungsglied (64), das zwischen dem anderen des Paars Lastheber (14) und einer zweiten Stelle auf dem Schwenkarm (66, 166) schwenkbar verknüpfbar ist;
    wobei die Betätigung der Kolbenanordnung (52) bewirkt, dass sich das Paar Lastheber (12, 14) öffnet und schließt.
  2. Vorrichtung gemäß Anspruch 1, wobei der Schwenkarm (166) eingerichtet ist, um um einen Punkt auf dem Stützrahmen (90) im Wesentlichen an einem Mittelpunkt zwischen dem Paar Lastheber (12, 14) zu schwenken.
  3. Vorrichtung gemäß Anspruch 1, wobei der Schwenkarm (66) eingerichtet ist, um um einen Punkt auf dem Stützrahmen (90) versetzt zu einer Seite des Mittelpunkts zwischen dem Paar Lastheber (12, 14) zu schwenken.
  4. Vorrichtung gemäß Anspruch 2, wobei der Schwenkarm (166) an dem Stützrahmen (90) auf im Wesentlichen gleicher Höhe mit einer longitudinalen Mittellinie der Kolbenanordnung (52) montiert ist.
  5. Vorrichtung gemäß Anspruch 3, wobei der Schwenkarm (66) an dem Stützrahmen (90) versetzt zu einer Seite der Höhe der longitudinalen Mittellinie der Kolbenanordnung (52) montiert ist.
  6. Vorrichtung gemäß einem der Ansprüche 2 bis 5, wobei die Länge des ersten Verbindungsglieds (62) zwischen dem einen des Paars Lastheber (12) und der ersten Stelle im Wesentlichen die gleiche Länge wie die Länge des zweiten Verbindungsglieds (64) zwischen dem anderen des Paars Lastheber (14) und der zweiten Stelle ist, und die erste und die zweite Stelle auf dem Schwenkarm (66, 166) im Wesentlichen gleich weit von dem Schwenkpunkt des Schwenkarms (66, 166) entfernt sind.
  7. Vorrichtung gemäß einem der vorhergehenden Ansprüche, die ein Gehäuse (100) umfasst, das im Wesentlichen mindestens eines der Folgenden unterbringt: den Stützrahmen (90); die Kolbenanordnung (52); den Schwenkarm (66, 166); das erste Verbindungsglied (62); das zweite Verbindungsglied (64).
  8. Vorrichtung gemäß Anspruch 7, wobei sich eine Basis (102) des Gehäuses (100) vollständig unterhalb der Kolbenanordnung (52), des ersten und zweiten Verbindungsglieds (62, 64) und des Schwenkarms (66, 166) erstreckt, um die Vorrichtung (50) vor Beschädigung zu schützen.
  9. Eine Arbeitsmaschine, die die Vorrichtung gemäß einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 8 beinhaltet.
  10. Arbeitsmaschine gemäß Anspruch 9, die ein Paar Lastheber (12, 14) umfasst.
  11. Ein Arbeitsgerät (10), das die Vorrichtung gemäß einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 8 und ein Paar auf einem Stützrahmen (90) schwenkbar montierte Lastheber (12, 14) beinhaltet.
  12. Arbeitsmaschine, die das Arbeitsgerät gemäß Anspruch 11 beinhaltet.
  13. Ein Mehrschalengreifer, der ein Arbeitsgerät gemäß Anspruch 11 beinhaltet, wobei das Paar Lastheber (12, 14) Schalen sind.
  14. Arbeitsmaschine, die den Mehrschalengreifer gemäß Anspruch 13 beinhaltet.
EP05252326A 2005-04-14 2005-04-14 Vorrichtung zum Öffnen und Schliessen eines Greiferpaares Active EP1712512B1 (de)

Priority Applications (4)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE602005019027T DE602005019027D1 (de) 2005-04-14 2005-04-14 Vorrichtung zum Öffnen und Schliessen eines Greiferpaares
DK05252326.3T DK1712512T3 (da) 2005-04-14 2005-04-14 Apparatur til åbning og lukning af et par lastløftere
AT05252326T ATE455724T1 (de) 2005-04-14 2005-04-14 Vorrichtung zum öffnen und schliessen eines greiferpaares
EP05252326A EP1712512B1 (de) 2005-04-14 2005-04-14 Vorrichtung zum Öffnen und Schliessen eines Greiferpaares

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
EP05252326A EP1712512B1 (de) 2005-04-14 2005-04-14 Vorrichtung zum Öffnen und Schliessen eines Greiferpaares

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP1712512A1 EP1712512A1 (de) 2006-10-18
EP1712512B1 true EP1712512B1 (de) 2010-01-20

Family

ID=34982596

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP05252326A Active EP1712512B1 (de) 2005-04-14 2005-04-14 Vorrichtung zum Öffnen und Schliessen eines Greiferpaares

Country Status (4)

Country Link
EP (1) EP1712512B1 (de)
AT (1) ATE455724T1 (de)
DE (1) DE602005019027D1 (de)
DK (1) DK1712512T3 (de)

Family Cites Families (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
SU770996A1 (ru) * 1978-07-11 1980-10-15 Волжско-Камский Научно-Исследовательский И Конструкторско-Технологический Институт Водного Лесотранспорта Гидравлический грейфер
WO1981000396A1 (en) * 1979-08-09 1981-02-19 Caterpillar Tractor Co Grapple head arrangement
WO1989003800A1 (en) * 1987-10-19 1989-05-05 Hiab-Foco Ab Crane-mounted implement

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
DE602005019027D1 (de) 2010-03-11
ATE455724T1 (de) 2010-02-15
EP1712512A1 (de) 2006-10-18
DK1712512T3 (da) 2010-05-17

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