EP1711704B1 - Method for monitoring the operability of a fuel injection system - Google Patents

Method for monitoring the operability of a fuel injection system Download PDF

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Publication number
EP1711704B1
EP1711704B1 EP06704233A EP06704233A EP1711704B1 EP 1711704 B1 EP1711704 B1 EP 1711704B1 EP 06704233 A EP06704233 A EP 06704233A EP 06704233 A EP06704233 A EP 06704233A EP 1711704 B1 EP1711704 B1 EP 1711704B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
pressure
fuel
pressure accumulator
accumulator
control unit
Prior art date
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Expired - Fee Related
Application number
EP06704233A
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German (de)
French (fr)
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EP1711704B8 (en
EP1711704A1 (en
Inventor
Carl-Eike Hofmeister
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Continental Automotive GmbH
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Siemens VDO Automotive AG
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Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02D—CONTROLLING COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F02D41/00—Electrical control of supply of combustible mixture or its constituents
    • F02D41/30—Controlling fuel injection
    • F02D41/38—Controlling fuel injection of the high pressure type
    • F02D41/3809—Common rail control systems
    • F02D41/3836—Controlling the fuel pressure
    • F02D41/3863—Controlling the fuel pressure by controlling the flow out of the common rail, e.g. using pressure relief valves
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02D—CONTROLLING COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F02D41/00—Electrical control of supply of combustible mixture or its constituents
    • F02D41/22—Safety or indicating devices for abnormal conditions
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02D—CONTROLLING COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F02D41/00—Electrical control of supply of combustible mixture or its constituents
    • F02D41/30—Controlling fuel injection
    • F02D41/38—Controlling fuel injection of the high pressure type
    • F02D41/3809—Common rail control systems
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02M—SUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
    • F02M63/00—Other fuel-injection apparatus having pertinent characteristics not provided for in groups F02M39/00 - F02M57/00 or F02M67/00; Details, component parts, or accessories of fuel-injection apparatus, not provided for in, or of interest apart from, the apparatus of groups F02M39/00 - F02M61/00 or F02M67/00; Combination of fuel pump with other devices, e.g. lubricating oil pump
    • F02M63/02—Fuel-injection apparatus having several injectors fed by a common pumping element, or having several pumping elements feeding a common injector; Fuel-injection apparatus having provisions for cutting-out pumps, pumping elements, or injectors; Fuel-injection apparatus having provisions for variably interconnecting pumping elements and injectors alternatively
    • F02M63/0225—Fuel-injection apparatus having a common rail feeding several injectors ; Means for varying pressure in common rails; Pumps feeding common rails
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02M—SUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
    • F02M65/00—Testing fuel-injection apparatus, e.g. testing injection timing ; Cleaning of fuel-injection apparatus
    • F02M65/003—Measuring variation of fuel pressure in high pressure line
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02D—CONTROLLING COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F02D41/00—Electrical control of supply of combustible mixture or its constituents
    • F02D41/22—Safety or indicating devices for abnormal conditions
    • F02D2041/224—Diagnosis of the fuel system
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02D—CONTROLLING COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F02D41/00—Electrical control of supply of combustible mixture or its constituents
    • F02D41/22—Safety or indicating devices for abnormal conditions
    • F02D2041/224—Diagnosis of the fuel system
    • F02D2041/225—Leakage detection
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02D—CONTROLLING COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F02D41/00—Electrical control of supply of combustible mixture or its constituents
    • F02D41/22—Safety or indicating devices for abnormal conditions
    • F02D2041/227—Limping Home, i.e. taking specific engine control measures at abnormal conditions

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a method for monitoring the operability of a fuel injection system according to claim 1.
  • a fuel supply system for an internal combustion engine of a motor vehicle in which fuel is pumped by a pump in a pressure accumulator.
  • injection valves are connected, which supply the fuel of the internal combustion engine according to a control by a control unit.
  • the control unit causes a pressure change in the pressure accumulator. Subsequently, the time required to set the pressure change is detected. The recorded time is compared with experimentally determined time values and an error is concluded if the recorded time values do not correspond to the stored time values.
  • the object of the invention is to provide an improved method for monitoring the operability of a fuel injection system.
  • the object of the invention is solved by the features of claim 1.
  • the method according to claim 1 has the advantage that an analysis of the cause of the error is carried out and a more accurate determination of the error source is made possible.
  • the leaktightness of the injection system is recognized as a source of error if the setpoint pressure in the accumulator is undershot during a change in the injection quantity and a constant pressure is established in the pressure accumulator. In this way, leaks in the pressure system of the injection system can be accurately detected. Thus, corresponding emergency programs can be processed by the control unit.
  • the fuel supply is detected as a source of error in a change in the injection quantity and a fall below the target pressure in the pressure accumulator and a contrary to the change in the injection quantity changing fuel pressure in the pressure accumulator.
  • the pressure in the pressure accumulator is detected after a change in the injection quantity over a period of 1 sec., And the pressure detected during the measuring time is compared with a desired value or setpoint course. Due to the longer period of time short-term errors that may occur, for example due to defective injectors, averaged out. This will only detect faults caused by the injection system and not by the injectors.
  • FIG. 1 shows a schematic representation of a fuel injection system for an internal combustion engine, in particular a common rail injection system.
  • the injection system has a high-pressure accumulator 1, which is connected to injection valves 2.
  • the high-pressure accumulator 1 is connected via a feed line 3 to a fuel supply system 4.
  • the fuel supply system is connected to a fuel tank 5.
  • a control unit 6 is provided, which controls the fuel supply system 4 and the injection valves 2 as a function of operating conditions of an internal combustion engine 8.
  • the control unit 6 has a data memory 7 in which corresponding control programs are stored.
  • a control line 11 is provided between the control unit 6 and the fuel supply system 4.
  • 8 sensors 9 are arranged on the internal combustion engine, which detect the operating conditions of the internal combustion engine 8. As operating conditions are For example, the speed and accelerator pedal position determined and forwarded to the control unit 6.
  • control lines between the injection valves 2 and the control unit 6 for controlling the injection valves 2 are formed.
  • a pressure sensor 10 is provided on the high pressure accumulator 1, which detects the fuel pressure in the high pressure accumulator 1 and forwards it to the control unit 6.
  • the task of the fuel supply system 4 is to supply the high-pressure accumulator 1 with fuel according to the control by the control unit 6 with a desired setpoint pressure.
  • the fuel supply system 4 may have various components.
  • the fuel supply system 4 includes a fuel pump 12 and an inflow control valve 13 interposed between the fuel tank 5 and the fuel pump 12.
  • a pressure valve 14 is connected, the output of which is connected to a return line 15.
  • a flow cross-section of the inflow control valve 13 is opened up by the control unit 6 to a greater or lesser extent, so that more or less fuel can be conveyed into the high-pressure accumulator 1 by the fuel pump 12.
  • the pressure valve 14 is available, which is also controlled by the control unit 6. If the pressure valve 14 is opened by the control unit 6, then fuel which has already been compressed by the fuel pump 12 and pumped into the supply line 3 is conveyed via the return line 15 back into the fuel tank 5. Thus, the fuel pressure in the high-pressure accumulator 1 is lowered.
  • the fuel supply is dependent on specified control programs depending on operating conditions of the internal combustion engine 8 to the high-pressure accumulator 1, the fuel pressure in the high-pressure accumulator 1 and the amount of fuel discharged from the injectors 2 set.
  • the fuel pressure with which the fuel is injected is an essential feature for the exhaust quality of the internal combustion engine and therefore must be precisely adhered to.
  • the fuel pressure in the high-pressure accumulator is also a measurement signal that can be used for an error analysis of the injection system.
  • FIG. 2 shows in an upper diagram the time profile of the amount of fuel that is discharged from the injectors 2.
  • the course of the pressure in the high-pressure accumulator 1, which is detected by the pressure sensor 10 is plotted in parallel over time.
  • the upper diagram shows that the fuel quantity at time t0 falls from an upper value to a lower value at time t1 and then increases again to a higher value at time t2, again to fall to a lower value at time t3.
  • the time between the 0th time t0 and the third time t3 is longer than 1 second.
  • both the nominal value of the fuel pressure and the measured pressure p are plotted over time in the lower diagram.
  • the desired value is predetermined by control programs depending on operating conditions of the internal combustion engine.
  • the controller 6 controls the fuel supply system 4 so that the target pressure is adjusted. From the lower diagram, it can be seen that during the measurement period, i. H. From the 0th time to the third time t3, the detected pressure value p remains almost constant and is below the target pressure.
  • control unit 6 detects that a malfunction of the fuel supply system 4 is present. Furthermore, that recognizes Control unit 6 due to the present situation that the injected fuel quantity changes over time and the pressure prevailing in the high-pressure accumulator 1 fuel pressure remains almost constant and below the target pressure that there is a malfunction of the pressure valve. For the detection of a nearly constant pressure, a pressure range of, for example, 3% is set, in which the pressure in the high-pressure accumulator 1 can change during the measurement, but the control unit 6 nevertheless detects a constant fuel pressure in the high-pressure accumulator 1.
  • an appropriately prepared emergency program is used by the control unit 6 for the further control of the fuel supply system 4 and / or the injection valves 2.
  • the emergency program is stored in the memory 7 of the control unit 6.
  • FIG. 3 shows in the upper diagram again the change over time of the fuel injected from the injectors 2 amount of fuel.
  • the setpoint of the fuel pressure and the measured fuel pressure p are plotted in parallel over time.
  • the fuel injected from the injectors 2 is decreased in the amount from the time t0 from a high value to a lower value at the first time t1, then increased again to a higher value at the second time t2 and then again to a lower value lowered at the third time t3.
  • the period between the 0th time t0 and the third time t3 corresponds to approximately 1 second.
  • the time course of the measured pressure in the high pressure accumulator 1 has a pressure change opposite to the pressure change, ie, while the injected fuel quantity decreases, the fuel pressure in the high pressure accumulator decreases 1 to and vice versa.
  • the control unit 6 clearly detects a malfunction of the inflow control valve 13.
  • a corresponding emergency program for the further control of the feed system 4 and / or the injection valves 2 is used by the control unit 6.
  • the emergency program which is used in a malfunction of the inflow control valve, for example, reduces the amount of fuel to be injected from the injectors 2.
  • the desired value of the pressure is also limited.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Electrical Control Of Air Or Fuel Supplied To Internal-Combustion Engine (AREA)
  • Combined Controls Of Internal Combustion Engines (AREA)
  • Fuel-Injection Apparatus (AREA)

Abstract

The invention relates to a method for monitoring an operability of an injection system of an internal combustion engine, during which in the event of a change in the injected amount of fuel, a cause of fault is detected based on the behavior of the pressure prevailing inside the high-pressure accumulator. According to the identified cause of the fault, a corresponding emergency control program is executed by the controller. The inventive method enables a simple and precise analysis of a cause of fault.

Description

Die Erfindung betrifft ein Verfahren zum Überwachen der Funktionsfähigkeit eines Kraftstoffeinspritzsystems gemäß Anspruch 1.The invention relates to a method for monitoring the operability of a fuel injection system according to claim 1.

Im Stand der Technik sind verschiedenste Verfahren zum Überwachen der Funktionsfähigkeit eines Kraftstoffeinspritzsystems bekannt. Die immer strenger werdenden Abgasvorschriften erfordern eine zunehmende Präzision der Kraftstoffeinspritzanlagen von Brennkraftmaschinen. Deshalb steigen auch die Anforderungen an die Verfahren zur Überwachung der Funktionalität von Kraftstoffeinspritzanlagen.Various methods for monitoring the operability of a fuel injection system are known in the prior art. The increasingly stringent emissions regulations require increasing precision of the fuel injection systems of internal combustion engines. Therefore, the demands on the methods for monitoring the functionality of fuel injection systems are increasing.

Aus DE 198 56 203 C2 ist ein Kraftstoffversorgungssystem für eine Brennkraftmaschine eines Kraftfahrzeuges bekannt, bei dem Kraftstoff von einer Pumpe in einen Druckspeicher gepumpt wird. An den Druckspeicher sind Einspritzventile angeschlossen, die gemäß einer Ansteuerung durch ein Steuergerät den Kraftstoff der Brennkraftmaschine zuführen. Zur Überwachung der Funktionsfähigkeit des Kraftstoffversorgungssystems wird vom Steuergerät eine Druckänderung im Druckspeicher veranlasst. Anschließend wird die Zeit erfasst, die zur Einstellung der Druckänderung benötigt wird. Die erfasste Zeit wird mit experimentell ermittelten Zeitwerten verglichen und auf einen Fehler geschlossen, wenn die erfassten Zeitwerte nicht den abgelegten Zeitwerten entsprechen.Out DE 198 56 203 C2 a fuel supply system for an internal combustion engine of a motor vehicle is known in which fuel is pumped by a pump in a pressure accumulator. To the pressure accumulator injection valves are connected, which supply the fuel of the internal combustion engine according to a control by a control unit. To monitor the functionality of the fuel supply system, the control unit causes a pressure change in the pressure accumulator. Subsequently, the time required to set the pressure change is detected. The recorded time is compared with experimentally determined time values and an error is concluded if the recorded time values do not correspond to the stored time values.

Weiterhin ist es aus DE 199 46 506 C1 bekannt, eine Fehlfunktion im Drucksystem einer Kraftstoffeinspritzanlage dadurch zu überwachen, dass die Druckänderung des Drucksystems erfasst wird und periodische Druckschwankungen ermittelt werden. Es wird eine Fehlermeldung ausgegeben, wenn die Periodizität des registrierten Druckmesssignals hinsichtlich der Amplitude und/oder Gleichförmigkeit der Schwankungen des Drucks deutlich von dem Muster abweicht, das bei fehlerfreiem Betrieb des Systems zu erwarten ist.It is still out DE 199 46 506 C1 known to monitor a malfunction in the pressure system of a fuel injection system characterized in that the pressure change of the pressure system is detected and periodic pressure fluctuations are determined. An error message will be output if the periodicity of the registered pressure measurement signal with respect to the Amplitude and / or uniformity of the fluctuations of the pressure deviates significantly from the pattern that is expected in error-free operation of the system.

Aus DE 19 757 594 A ist ein Verfahren gemäß dem Oberbegriff des Anspruchs 1 bekannt.Out DE 19 757 594 A a method according to the preamble of claim 1 is known.

Die Aufgabe der Erfindung besteht darin, ein verbessertes Verfahren zur Überwachung der Funktionsfähigkeit eines Kraftstoffeinspritzsystems bereit zu stellen.The object of the invention is to provide an improved method for monitoring the operability of a fuel injection system.

Die Aufgabe der Erfindung wird durch die Merkmale des Anspruchs 1 gelöst. Das Verfahren gemäß Anspruch 1 hat den Vorteil, dass eine Analyse der Fehlerursache durchgeführt wird und eine genauere Ermittlung der Fehlerquelle ermöglicht wird.The object of the invention is solved by the features of claim 1. The method according to claim 1 has the advantage that an analysis of the cause of the error is carried out and a more accurate determination of the error source is made possible.

Weitere vorteilhafte Ausführungsformen der Erfindung sind in den abhängigen Ansprüchen angegeben.Further advantageous embodiments of the invention are specified in the dependent claims.

In einer weiteren Ausführungsform der Erfindung wird als Fehlerquelle die Dichtigkeit des Einspritzsystems erkannt, wenn bei einer Änderung der Einspritzmenge der Solldruck im Druckspeicher unterschritten wird und sich ein konstanter Druck im Druckspeicher einstellt. Auf diese Weise können Undichtigkeiten im Drucksystem des Einspritzsystems genau erkannt werden. Somit können entsprechende Notprogramme vom Steuergerät abgearbeitet werden.In a further embodiment of the invention, the leaktightness of the injection system is recognized as a source of error if the setpoint pressure in the accumulator is undershot during a change in the injection quantity and a constant pressure is established in the pressure accumulator. In this way, leaks in the pressure system of the injection system can be accurately detected. Thus, corresponding emergency programs can be processed by the control unit.

In einer weiteren Ausführungsform des erfindungsgemäßen Verfahrens wird bei einer Änderung der Einspritzmenge und bei einem Unterschreiten des Solldrucks im Druckspeicher und einem sich entgegen der Änderung der Einspritzmenge ändernden Kraftstoffdrucks im Druckspeicher die Kraftstoffzuführung als Fehlerquelle erkannt. Somit kann mit dem beschriebenen Verfahren eine Überwachung des Kraftstoffzuführsystems durchgeführt werden und bei Erkennen einer Fehlfunktion des Kraftstoffzuführsystems vom Steuergerät ein entsprechendes Notprogramm verwendet werden.In a further embodiment of the method according to the invention, the fuel supply is detected as a source of error in a change in the injection quantity and a fall below the target pressure in the pressure accumulator and a contrary to the change in the injection quantity changing fuel pressure in the pressure accumulator. Thus, with the described method, a monitoring of the fuel supply system can be carried out and, upon detection of a malfunction of the fuel supply system by the control unit, a corresponding emergency program can be used.

In einer weiteren bevorzugten Ausführungsform wird der Druck im Druckspeicher nach einer Änderung der Einspritzmenge über einen Zeitraum von 1 sec. erfasst und der während der Messzeit erfasste Druck mit einem Sollwert oder Sollwertverlauf verglichen. Durch den längeren Zeitraum werden kurzzeitige Fehler, die beispielsweise durch defekte Einspritzventile auftreten können, herausgemittelt. Damit werden nur Fehler erkannt, die vom Einspritzsystem und nicht von den Einspritzventilen verursacht werden.In a further preferred embodiment, the pressure in the pressure accumulator is detected after a change in the injection quantity over a period of 1 sec., And the pressure detected during the measuring time is compared with a desired value or setpoint course. Due to the longer period of time short-term errors that may occur, for example due to defective injectors, averaged out. This will only detect faults caused by the injection system and not by the injectors.

Die Erfindung wird im Folgenden anhand der Figuren näher erläutert. Es zeigen:

Figur 1
eine schematische Darstellung eines Kraftstoffeinspritzsystems;
Figur 2
zwei Diagramme zur Erfassung eines ersten Fehlerfalls; und
Figur 3
zwei Diagramme zur Erfassung eines zweiten Fehlerfalls.
The invention will be explained in more detail below with reference to FIGS. Show it:
FIG. 1
a schematic representation of a fuel injection system;
FIG. 2
two diagrams for detecting a first error case; and
FIG. 3
two diagrams for detecting a second error case.

Figur 1 zeigt in einer schematischen Darstellung ein Kraftstoffeinspritzsystem für eine Brennkraftmaschine, insbesondere ein Common-Rail-Einspritzsystem. Das Einspritzsystem weist einen Hochdruckspeicher 1 auf, der mit Einspritzventilen 2 verbunden ist. Zudem ist der Hochdruckspeicher 1 über eine Zuleitung 3 mit einem Kraftstoffzuführsystem 4 verbunden. Das Kraftstoffzuführsystem ist an einen Kraftstofftank 5 angeschlossen. Weiterhin ist ein Steuergerät 6 vorgesehen, das abhängig von Betriebsbedingungen einer Brennkraftmaschine 8 das Kraftstoffzuführsystem 4 und die Einspritzventile 2 steuert. Dazu weist das Steuergerät 6 einen Datenspeicher 7 auf, in dem entsprechende Steuerprogramme abgespeichert sind. Zum Ansteuern des Kraftstoffzuführsystems 4 ist eine Steuerleitung 11 zwischen dem Steuergerät 6 und dem Kraftstoffzuführsystem 4 vorgesehen. Weiterhin sind an der Brennkraftmaschine 8 Sensoren 9 angeordnet, die die Betriebsbedingungen der Brennkraftmaschine 8 erfassen. Als Betriebsbedingungen werden beispielsweise die Drehzahl und die Gaspedalstellung ermittelt und an das Steuergerät 6 weitergeleitet. Zudem sind auch Steuerleitungen zwischen den Einspritzventilen 2 und dem Steuergerät 6 zur Ansteuerung der Einspritzventile 2 ausgebildet. Weiterhin ist am Hochdruckspeicher 1 ein Drucksensor 10 vorgesehen, der den Kraftstoffdruck im Hochdruckspeicher 1 erfasst und an das Steuergerät 6 weiterleitet. FIG. 1 shows a schematic representation of a fuel injection system for an internal combustion engine, in particular a common rail injection system. The injection system has a high-pressure accumulator 1, which is connected to injection valves 2. In addition, the high-pressure accumulator 1 is connected via a feed line 3 to a fuel supply system 4. The fuel supply system is connected to a fuel tank 5. Furthermore, a control unit 6 is provided, which controls the fuel supply system 4 and the injection valves 2 as a function of operating conditions of an internal combustion engine 8. For this purpose, the control unit 6 has a data memory 7 in which corresponding control programs are stored. For controlling the fuel supply system 4, a control line 11 is provided between the control unit 6 and the fuel supply system 4. Furthermore, 8 sensors 9 are arranged on the internal combustion engine, which detect the operating conditions of the internal combustion engine 8. As operating conditions are For example, the speed and accelerator pedal position determined and forwarded to the control unit 6. In addition, control lines between the injection valves 2 and the control unit 6 for controlling the injection valves 2 are formed. Furthermore, a pressure sensor 10 is provided on the high pressure accumulator 1, which detects the fuel pressure in the high pressure accumulator 1 and forwards it to the control unit 6.

Die Aufgabe des Kraftstoffzuführsystems 4 besteht darin, den Hochdruckspeicher 1 gemäß der Ansteuerung durch das Steuergerät 6 mit Kraftstoff mit einem gewünschten Solldruck zu versorgen. Dazu kann das Kraftstoffzuführsystem 4 verschiedene Komponenten aufweisen. In der dargestellten Ausführungsform weist das Kraftstoffzuführsystem 4 eine Kraftstoffpumpe 12 und ein zwischen dem Kraftstofftank 5 und der Kraftstoffpumpe 12 geschaltetes Zuflussregelventil 13 auf. Zudem ist in der Zuleitung 3 zwischen der Kraftstoffpumpe 12 und dem Hochdruckspeicher 1 ein Druckventil 14 geschaltet, dessen Ausgang mit einem Rücklauf 15 verbunden ist.The task of the fuel supply system 4 is to supply the high-pressure accumulator 1 with fuel according to the control by the control unit 6 with a desired setpoint pressure. For this purpose, the fuel supply system 4 may have various components. In the illustrated embodiment, the fuel supply system 4 includes a fuel pump 12 and an inflow control valve 13 interposed between the fuel tank 5 and the fuel pump 12. In addition, in the supply line 3 between the fuel pump 12 and the high-pressure accumulator 1, a pressure valve 14 is connected, the output of which is connected to a return line 15.

Für die Steuerung der dem Hochdruckspeicher 1 zugeführten Kraftstoffmenge wird vom Steuergerät 6 ein Durchflussquerschnitt des Zuflussregelventils 13 weiter oder weniger weit aufgesteuert, so dass von der Kraftstoffpumpe 12 mehr oder weniger Kraftstoff in den Hochdruckspeicher 1 befördert werden kann. Zudem steht als weiteres Mittel zur Beeinflussung des Kraftstoffdrucks im Hochdruckspeicher 1 das Druckventil 14 zur Verfügung, das ebenfalls vom Steuergerät 6 angesteuert wird. Wird das Druckventil 14 vom Steuergerät 6 aufgesteuert, so wird Kraftstoff, der von der Kraftstoffpumpe 12 bereits verdichtet und in die Zuleitung 3 gepumpt wurde, über den Rücklauf 15 zurück in den Kraftstofftank 5 befördert. Damit wird der Kraftstoffdruck im Hochdruckspeicher 1 gesenkt.For controlling the amount of fuel supplied to the high-pressure accumulator 1, a flow cross-section of the inflow control valve 13 is opened up by the control unit 6 to a greater or lesser extent, so that more or less fuel can be conveyed into the high-pressure accumulator 1 by the fuel pump 12. In addition, as a further means for influencing the fuel pressure in the high pressure accumulator 1, the pressure valve 14 is available, which is also controlled by the control unit 6. If the pressure valve 14 is opened by the control unit 6, then fuel which has already been compressed by the fuel pump 12 and pumped into the supply line 3 is conveyed via the return line 15 back into the fuel tank 5. Thus, the fuel pressure in the high-pressure accumulator 1 is lowered.

Während des Betriebes der Brennkraftmaschine wird in Abhängigkeit von festgelegten Steuerprogrammen abhängig von Betriebsbedingungen der Brennkraftmaschine 8 die Kraftstoffzufuhr zum Hochdruckspeicher 1, der Kraftstoffdruck im Hochdruckspeicher 1 und die von den Einspritzventilen 2 abgegebene Kraftstoffmenge eingestellt.During operation of the internal combustion engine, the fuel supply is dependent on specified control programs depending on operating conditions of the internal combustion engine 8 to the high-pressure accumulator 1, the fuel pressure in the high-pressure accumulator 1 and the amount of fuel discharged from the injectors 2 set.

Der Kraftstoffdruck, mit dem der Kraftstoff eingespritzt wird, ist für die Abgasqualität der Brennkraftmaschine ein wesentliches Merkmal und deshalb präzise einzuhalten. Zudem ist der Kraftstoffdruck im Hochdruckspeicher auch ein Messsignal, das für eine Fehleranalyse des Einspritzsystems verwendet werden kann.The fuel pressure with which the fuel is injected is an essential feature for the exhaust quality of the internal combustion engine and therefore must be precisely adhered to. In addition, the fuel pressure in the high-pressure accumulator is also a measurement signal that can be used for an error analysis of the injection system.

Figur 2 zeigt in einem oberen Diagramm den zeitlichen Verlauf der Kraftstoffmenge, der von den Einspritzventilen 2 abgegeben wird. Im unteren Diagramm ist dazu zeitlich parallel der Verlauf des Druckes im Hochdruckspeicher 1 aufgetragen, der vom Drucksensor 10 erfasst wird. Das obere Diagramm zeigt, dass die Kraftstoffmenge zum Zeitpunkt t0 von einem oberen Wert auf einen niedrigeren Wert zum Zeitpunkt t1 abfällt und anschließend wieder auf einen höheren Wert zum Zeitpunkt t2 ansteigt, um wiederum zu einem Zeitpunkt t3 auf einen niedrigeren Wert abzufallen. Die Zeitdauer zwischen dem 0ten Zeitpunkt t0 und dem dritten Zeitpunkt t3 ist länger als 1 Sekunde. FIG. 2 shows in an upper diagram the time profile of the amount of fuel that is discharged from the injectors 2. In the lower diagram, the course of the pressure in the high-pressure accumulator 1, which is detected by the pressure sensor 10, is plotted in parallel over time. The upper diagram shows that the fuel quantity at time t0 falls from an upper value to a lower value at time t1 and then increases again to a higher value at time t2, again to fall to a lower value at time t3. The time between the 0th time t0 and the third time t3 is longer than 1 second.

Parallel dazu ist im unteren Diagramm sowohl der Sollwert des Kraftstoffdruckes als auch der gemessene Druck p über die Zeit aufgetragen. Der Sollwert wird von Steuerprogrammen abhängig von Betriebsbedingungen der Brennkraftmaschine vorgegeben. Das Steuergerät 6 steuert das Kraftstoffzuführsystem 4 so an, dass der Solldruck eingestellt wird. Aus dem unteren Diagramm ist ersichtlich, dass während der Messdauer, d. h. vom 0ten Zeitpunkt bis zum dritten Zeitpunkt t3 der erfasste Druckwert p nahezu konstant bleibt und unter dem Solldruck liegt.Parallel to this, both the nominal value of the fuel pressure and the measured pressure p are plotted over time in the lower diagram. The desired value is predetermined by control programs depending on operating conditions of the internal combustion engine. The controller 6 controls the fuel supply system 4 so that the target pressure is adjusted. From the lower diagram, it can be seen that during the measurement period, i. H. From the 0th time to the third time t3, the detected pressure value p remains almost constant and is below the target pressure.

Damit erkennt das Steuergerät 6, dass eine Fehlfunktion des Kraftstoffzuführsystems 4 vorliegt. Weiterhin erkennt das Steuergerät 6 aufgrund der vorliegenden Situation, dass sich die eingespritzte Kraftstoffmenge über die Zeit ändert und der im Hochdruckspeicher 1 vorherrschende Kraftstoffdruck nahezu konstant und unter dem Solldruck bleibt, dass eine Fehlfunktion des Druckventils vorliegt. Für die Erkennung eines nahezu konstanten Drucks wird ein Druckbereich von beispielsweise 3% festgelegt, in dem sich der Druck im Hochdruckspeicher 1 während der Messung ändern kann, wobei jedoch das Steuergerät 6 trotzdem einen konstanten Kraftstoffdruck im Hochdruckspeicher 1 erkennt.Thus, the control unit 6 detects that a malfunction of the fuel supply system 4 is present. Furthermore, that recognizes Control unit 6 due to the present situation that the injected fuel quantity changes over time and the pressure prevailing in the high-pressure accumulator 1 fuel pressure remains almost constant and below the target pressure that there is a malfunction of the pressure valve. For the detection of a nearly constant pressure, a pressure range of, for example, 3% is set, in which the pressure in the high-pressure accumulator 1 can change during the measurement, but the control unit 6 nevertheless detects a constant fuel pressure in the high-pressure accumulator 1.

Wird vom Steuergerät 6 ein Fehler im Druckventil 14 erkannt, so wird ein entsprechend vorbereitetes Notprogramm vom Steuergerät 6 für die weitere Ansteuerung des Kraftstoffzuführsystems 4 und/oder der Einspritzventile 2 verwendet. Das Notprogramm ist im Speicher 7 des Steuergeräts 6 abgelegt.If an error in the pressure valve 14 is detected by the control unit 6, an appropriately prepared emergency program is used by the control unit 6 for the further control of the fuel supply system 4 and / or the injection valves 2. The emergency program is stored in the memory 7 of the control unit 6.

In Figur 3 wird ein weiterer Fehlerfall dargestellt.In FIG. 3 another error is displayed.

Figur 3 zeigt im oberen Diagramm wieder die zeitliche Änderung der von den Einspritzventilen 2 eingespritzten Kraftstoffmenge. Im unteren Diagramm ist der Sollwert des Kraftstoffdruckes und der gemessene Kraftstoffdruck p parallel über die Zeit aufgetragen. Auch in dieser Situation wird der von den Einspritzventilen 2 eingespritzte Kraftstoff in der Menge vom Zeitpunkt t0 von einem hohen Wert auf einen niedrigeren Wert zum ersten Zeitpunkt t1 gesenkt, anschließend wieder auf einen höheren Wert zum zweiten Zeitpunkt t2 erhöht und daraufhin wieder auf einen niedrigeren Wert zum dritten Zeitpunkt t3 gesenkt. Der Zeitraum zwischen dem 0ten Zeitpunkt t0 und dem dritten Zeitpunkt t3 entspricht ungefähr 1 Sekunde. FIG. 3 shows in the upper diagram again the change over time of the fuel injected from the injectors 2 amount of fuel. In the lower diagram, the setpoint of the fuel pressure and the measured fuel pressure p are plotted in parallel over time. Also in this situation, the fuel injected from the injectors 2 is decreased in the amount from the time t0 from a high value to a lower value at the first time t1, then increased again to a higher value at the second time t2 and then again to a lower value lowered at the third time t3. The period between the 0th time t0 and the third time t3 corresponds to approximately 1 second.

Der zeitliche Verlauf des gemessenen Drucks im Hochdruckspeicher 1 weist eine der Kraftstoffänderung entgegengesetzte Druckänderung auf, d. h. während die eingespritzte Kraftstoffmenge abnimmt, nimmt der Kraftstoffdruck im Hochdruckspeicher 1 zu und umgekehrt. Damit wird vom Steuergerät 6 eindeutig eine Fehlfunktion des Zuflussregelventils 13 erkannt. Bei Erkennen einer Fehlfunktion des Zuflussregelventils 13 wird vom Steuergerät 6 ein entsprechendes Notprogramm für die weitere Ansteuerung des Zuführsystems 4 und/oder der Einspritzventile 2 verwendet.The time course of the measured pressure in the high pressure accumulator 1 has a pressure change opposite to the pressure change, ie, while the injected fuel quantity decreases, the fuel pressure in the high pressure accumulator decreases 1 to and vice versa. Thus, the control unit 6 clearly detects a malfunction of the inflow control valve 13. Upon detection of a malfunction of the inflow control valve 13, a corresponding emergency program for the further control of the feed system 4 and / or the injection valves 2 is used by the control unit 6.

Das Notprogramm, das bei einer Fehlfunktion des Zuflussregelventils eingesetzt wird, erniedrigt beispielsweise die von den Einspritzventilen 2 einzuspritzende Kraftstoffmenge. Bei erkennen eines defekten Druckventils wird zudem beispielsweise der Sollwert des Drucks limitiert.The emergency program, which is used in a malfunction of the inflow control valve, for example, reduces the amount of fuel to be injected from the injectors 2. When recognizing a defective pressure valve, for example, the desired value of the pressure is also limited.

In Abhängigkeit von der Anwendung können auch weitere Parameter bei den zu verwendenden Notprogrammen begrenzt oder verändert werden.Depending on the application, other parameters in the emergency programs to be used may also be limited or changed.

Claims (5)

  1. Method for monitoring the operability of an injection system of an internal combustion engine, comprising a pressure accumulator (1), an injection valve (2) connected to the pressure accumulator, a controllable fuel supply system (4) which delivers fuel to the pressure accumulator (1), a pressure sensor (10) which is connected to the pressure accumulator (1) and measures the pressure in the pressure accumulator, a control unit (6) to which the pressure in the pressure accumulator is fed via the pressure sensor (10) and which controls the quantity of fuel delivered by the injection valve (2) and supplied from the fuel supply system as a function of operating parameters of the internal combustion engine, wherein the quantity of fuel delivered by the injection valve (2) is varied, characterised in that the pressure then obtaining is measured, the pressure obtaining is compared with a setpoint pressure for the given operating conditions, and the source of the fault is detected depending on the deviation of the measured pressure from the comparison value and if the pressure is below the setpoint value.
  2. Method according to claim 1, characterised in that, if the injection quantity changes and the pressure is below setpoint in the pressure accumulator (1) and approximately constant pressure obtains in the pressure accumulator (1), a pressure valve (14) connected to the pressure accumulator and which cannot set the desired pressure is detected as the source of the fault.
  3. Method according to claim 1, characterised in that, if the injection quantity changes and the pressure is below setpoint in the pressure accumulator (1) and the pressure in the pressure accumulator (1) changes contrary to the change in the injection quantity, the fuel supply system which does not supply sufficient fuel is detected as the source of the fault.
  4. Method according to one of claims 1 to 3, characterised in that the pressure is measured over a measuring period of 1 second and the time response of the pressure during the measuring period is compared with a setpoint response.
  5. Method according to one of claims 1 to 3, characterised in that, depending on the fault detected, an appropriate emergency program for control by the control unit is used, appropriate emergency programs being available to the control unit for the various malfunctions.
EP06704233A 2005-01-31 2006-01-20 Method for monitoring the operability of a fuel injection system Expired - Fee Related EP1711704B8 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE102005004423A DE102005004423B3 (en) 2005-01-31 2005-01-31 Fuel injection system`s operability monitoring method for use in internal combustion engine, involves identifying source of defect based on difference of measured temporal behavior of pressure and desired value characteristic
PCT/EP2006/050334 WO2006079606A1 (en) 2005-01-31 2006-01-20 Method for monitoring the operability of a fuel injection system

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EP1711704A1 EP1711704A1 (en) 2006-10-18
EP1711704B1 true EP1711704B1 (en) 2008-03-05
EP1711704B8 EP1711704B8 (en) 2008-04-23

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EP (1) EP1711704B8 (en)
CN (1) CN100434683C (en)
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WO (1) WO2006079606A1 (en)

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WO2006079606A1 (en) 2006-08-03
US20080109144A1 (en) 2008-05-08
CN1942663A (en) 2007-04-04
EP1711704B8 (en) 2008-04-23
DE502006000413D1 (en) 2008-04-17
EP1711704A1 (en) 2006-10-18
CN100434683C (en) 2008-11-19
DE102005004423B3 (en) 2006-06-14
US7444993B2 (en) 2008-11-04

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