EP1710062A2 - Verfahren zum Herstellen von mehrfarbigen porzellanähnlichen keramischen Ziegeln durch Extrudieren - Google Patents

Verfahren zum Herstellen von mehrfarbigen porzellanähnlichen keramischen Ziegeln durch Extrudieren Download PDF

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Publication number
EP1710062A2
EP1710062A2 EP06015746A EP06015746A EP1710062A2 EP 1710062 A2 EP1710062 A2 EP 1710062A2 EP 06015746 A EP06015746 A EP 06015746A EP 06015746 A EP06015746 A EP 06015746A EP 1710062 A2 EP1710062 A2 EP 1710062A2
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
extruder
tiles
pastes
axis
chamber
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Granted
Application number
EP06015746A
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English (en)
French (fr)
Other versions
EP1710062B1 (de
EP1710062A3 (de
Inventor
Pietro Rivola
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Sacmi Imola SC
Original Assignee
Sacmi Imola SC
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Publication date
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Publication of EP1710062A3 publication Critical patent/EP1710062A3/de
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Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B30—PRESSES
    • B30B—PRESSES IN GENERAL
    • B30B11/00—Presses specially adapted for forming shaped articles from material in particulate or plastic state, e.g. briquetting presses, tabletting presses
    • B30B11/22—Extrusion presses; Dies therefor
    • B30B11/24—Extrusion presses; Dies therefor using screws or worms
    • B30B11/245—Extrusion presses; Dies therefor using screws or worms using two or more screws working in different chambers
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B28—WORKING CEMENT, CLAY, OR STONE
    • B28B—SHAPING CLAY OR OTHER CERAMIC COMPOSITIONS; SHAPING SLAG; SHAPING MIXTURES CONTAINING CEMENTITIOUS MATERIAL, e.g. PLASTER
    • B28B1/00—Producing shaped prefabricated articles from the material
    • B28B1/005—Devices or processes for obtaining articles having a marble appearance
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B28—WORKING CEMENT, CLAY, OR STONE
    • B28B—SHAPING CLAY OR OTHER CERAMIC COMPOSITIONS; SHAPING SLAG; SHAPING MIXTURES CONTAINING CEMENTITIOUS MATERIAL, e.g. PLASTER
    • B28B3/00—Producing shaped articles from the material by using presses; Presses specially adapted therefor
    • B28B3/20—Producing shaped articles from the material by using presses; Presses specially adapted therefor wherein the material is extruded
    • B28B3/22—Producing shaped articles from the material by using presses; Presses specially adapted therefor wherein the material is extruded by screw or worm
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B28—WORKING CEMENT, CLAY, OR STONE
    • B28B—SHAPING CLAY OR OTHER CERAMIC COMPOSITIONS; SHAPING SLAG; SHAPING MIXTURES CONTAINING CEMENTITIOUS MATERIAL, e.g. PLASTER
    • B28B3/00—Producing shaped articles from the material by using presses; Presses specially adapted therefor
    • B28B3/20—Producing shaped articles from the material by using presses; Presses specially adapted therefor wherein the material is extruded
    • B28B3/26—Extrusion dies
    • B28B3/2672—Means for adjusting the flow inside the die, e.g. using choke means

Definitions

  • This invention relates to a method for manufacturing bulk-coloured multicoloured porcellainized ceramic stone tiles by extrusion.
  • Said tiles result from irregular but controlled mixing of various types of different-coloured pastes, which are fed to the forming mould partly mixed, to give rise to adjacent co-penetrating masses of different colours and geometrical shapes in the extruded tile.
  • the porcellainized ceramic stone tile is formed dry, by pressing powders in a mould followed by firing.
  • Plants are also known for farming terracotta or ceramic stone tiles by extrusion. These plants enable tiles to Ibe formed which are of a single colour or at the most have a decoration imitating natural wood, consisting only of undulated dark veining in a lighter matrix, or vice versa.
  • US-A-4,292,359 discloses a process for the continuous production of partly finished clay product, comprising the step of feeding a base material to a first screw extruder having two screw conveyors in series separated by a degassing chamber, and feeding a second, differently colored material to the degassing chamber.
  • the object of the invention is to provide a method able to form by extrusion porcellainized ceramic stone tiles provided with these types of decoration.
  • This object is attained according to the invention by wet-forming the powders by extrusion and operating on the interior of the extruder to compel the extruding material to undergo a more or less tortuous path before reaching the die.
  • the material to be extruded is a powder paste of water content sufficient to provide it with the necessary flowability for its advancement through the extruder and its passage through the die, and to ensure sufficient consistency after extrusion.
  • a convenient water content is between 15% and 27%.
  • the extrusion screw is fed with at least two masses of different colour, each consisting of a parcellainized ceramic stone paste coloured by the known method.
  • the material is subjected in the converging portion of the extruder downstream of the screw to the action of deflector or barrier means for deviating the flow, in order to introduce irregularities in the mutual distribution of said elongate masses, so giving them the desired appearance.
  • the material leaves the die in the form of a consistent web, which is then separated into sections each of which constitutes a tile.
  • the wet tiles obtained in this manner are subjected to a drying process with a thermal cycle depending on their degree of wetness and the thickness of the extruded tiles, after which the tiles are fired by the usual methods for porcelainized ceramic stone.
  • the partial mixing of the various pastes is done both upstream of the extruder within a screw mixing device, in which the water content is also adjusted to the required value, and in the extruder chamber.
  • the pastes can be mixed directly in the vacuum chamber, suitable means being provided for injecting the coloured pastes directly into said chamber.
  • the deflector means of the invention consist of at least one barrier movable about a diametrical axis of the extruder, so that it can be set parallel to this axis or inclined to it.
  • Said means of the invention also preferably comprise at least one barrier, which is inserted to a desired extent into the extruder in a plane perpendicular to the axis.
  • the invention comprises two adjustable coplanar barriers, perpendicular to the extruder axis, to define a cutting screen for the material flow, or a material passage port positioned outside the screw axis.
  • Said various deviator means or movable barriers can be used either individually or in combination within the same extruder.
  • Figure 1 is an axial section through the extrusion plant of the 10 invention.
  • Figure 2 is an axial section through one embodiment of the terminal part of the extruder.
  • Figure 3 is an axial section through the terminal part of the extruder taken perpendicular to the preceding.
  • Figure 1 shows the plant 1 for forming tiles by the method of the invention.
  • the plant 1 comprises a first chamber 2 into which there open a pipe 20 for feeding the basic tile paste, and a pipe 21 for feeding the coloured pastes which are to form a part of the required decoration.
  • the basic paste used is a usual mixture of clear baking clay, feldspar and quartz.
  • the coloured pastes are prepared by adding coloured ceramic pigments to the basic paste.
  • the two pastes have a water content of between 15% and 17% and are fed into the chamber 2 by a conveyor belt system, not shown.
  • a screw mixer 3 of usual type operated by an electric motor 4, both to partly mix the two or more pastes so that they copenetrate to form a single stream of paste having at least one coloured vein, and to feed said paste stream to a second chamber 5 positioned downstream of the chamber 2.
  • a certain degree of vacuum is formed in the chamber 5 by a pump 50, to create a negative pressure which facilitates paste compaction.
  • the extruder 6 comprises a screw 7 arranged to transfer the paste from the chamber 5 to the compression cone 8, two movable barriers 9 and 10 being provided between the screw 7 and the compression cone 8.
  • the extruder 6 comprises a pipe 60 through which coloured paste is fed using a screw pump injection system, not shown, to achieve farther types of decoration.
  • the barriers 9 and 10 are positioned horizontally and vertically respectively, and are oscillated about their axes by two motors 90 and 100, to deviate the central axis of the paste stream.
  • the extent and frequency of the oscillations of the barriers 9 and 10 varies according to the type of decoration to be achieved.
  • extruder cone 8 there are provided a further two coplanar adjustable barriers of guillotine type, inserted into the interior of the extruder cone in a plane perpendicular to the axis, to define a cutting screen for the material flow, or a flow 25 passage port offset from the extruder axis.
  • the die 13 is positioned downstream of the extruder cone and comprises, for adjusting the extrusion geometry, the traditional upper and lower braking system 200 through which a paste web 30 emerges to be then extruded and cut into sections, each of which constitutes a tile.
  • Said method comprises preparing separately a basic tile paste of porcelainized ceramic stone and at least one coloured mix, then feeding them to the mixer 3 and/or to the screw 7, through the pipes 20, 21 and 60 respectively.
  • the water content of the paste is preferably between 15% and 27%.
  • the paste and the coloured mix are then partially mixed so that they copenetrate each other to form a single paste stream having at least one coloured vein, and are then fed to the extruder 6, which can receive also a second feed of coloured paste through the pipe 60, and within which the movable barriers 9 and 10 deviate the central axis of said stream to display coloured veining like the marble veining.
  • the material can be optionally passed also through the barriers 11 and 12, which define for the paste a cutting port by which further coloured veining present within the stream is displayed.
  • the die 13 and relative braking system 200 are provided downstream of said barriers 11 and 12, to produce an exit web of paste which is divided into tiles by usual means.
  • the tiles obtained in this manner are then dried using a predetermined thermal cycle depending on the characteristics and thicknesses of the pastes used.
  • the coloured paste can also be injected directly into the chamber 5 by suitable material transfer means, such as usual screw pumps.
  • suitable material transfer means such as usual screw pumps.
  • the vacuum present in the chamber 5 facilitates the feed of the paste into the chamber, and its mixing with the pastes already fed into said chamber through the pipes 20 and 21.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Ceramic Engineering (AREA)
  • Press-Shaping Or Shaping Using Conveyers (AREA)
  • Preparation Of Clay, And Manufacture Of Mixtures Containing Clay Or Cement (AREA)
  • Compositions Of Oxide Ceramics (AREA)
  • Compositions Of Macromolecular Compounds (AREA)
EP06015746A 1999-04-27 2000-04-11 Verfahren zum Herstellen von mehrfarbigen porzellanähnlichen keramischen Ziegeln durch Extrudieren Expired - Lifetime EP1710062B1 (de)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
IT1999RE000050A IT1309755B1 (it) 1999-04-27 1999-04-27 Processo per la formatura di piastrelle policrome in gres porcellanato mediante estrusione e relativo impianto.
EP00201306A EP1048425A3 (de) 1999-04-27 2000-04-11 Verfahren und Vorrichtung zum Herstellen von mehrfarbigen porzellanähnlichen keramischen Ziegeln durch Extrudieren

Related Parent Applications (2)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP00201306A Division EP1048425A3 (de) 1999-04-27 2000-04-11 Verfahren und Vorrichtung zum Herstellen von mehrfarbigen porzellanähnlichen keramischen Ziegeln durch Extrudieren
EP00201306.8 Division 2000-04-11

Publications (3)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP1710062A2 true EP1710062A2 (de) 2006-10-11
EP1710062A3 EP1710062A3 (de) 2008-03-05
EP1710062B1 EP1710062B1 (de) 2010-08-25

Family

ID=11399434

Family Applications (2)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP00201306A Ceased EP1048425A3 (de) 1999-04-27 2000-04-11 Verfahren und Vorrichtung zum Herstellen von mehrfarbigen porzellanähnlichen keramischen Ziegeln durch Extrudieren
EP06015746A Expired - Lifetime EP1710062B1 (de) 1999-04-27 2000-04-11 Verfahren zum Herstellen von mehrfarbigen porzellanähnlichen keramischen Ziegeln durch Extrudieren

Family Applications Before (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP00201306A Ceased EP1048425A3 (de) 1999-04-27 2000-04-11 Verfahren und Vorrichtung zum Herstellen von mehrfarbigen porzellanähnlichen keramischen Ziegeln durch Extrudieren

Country Status (2)

Country Link
EP (2) EP1048425A3 (de)
IT (1) IT1309755B1 (de)

Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP1702901A3 (de) * 2005-03-17 2009-05-20 Ngk Insulators, Ltd. Verfahren zur Herstellung von keramischen Formkörpern, und gefärbte keramische Formkörper
CN101049713B (zh) * 2007-04-28 2010-06-23 赵培龙 一种真空挤砖机砖坯成形润滑结构

Families Citing this family (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
GB2407060A (en) * 2003-10-15 2005-04-20 Kestro Internat Ltd An apparatus and method for extruding a mixture of materials with veins
CN105818260B (zh) * 2016-05-12 2018-10-23 山东工业陶瓷研究设计院有限公司 平板陶瓷膜智能挤出成型装置
CN110481085B (zh) * 2019-08-26 2021-06-25 甘肃巨森新能源科技有限公司 农林副产物夹心饼自动化成型机
CN111229784B (zh) * 2020-03-02 2021-05-21 刘跃伟 一种生物质衍生燃料(rdf)的成型工艺和成型设备

Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE2013856A1 (en) 1970-03-23 1971-10-14 Witulski A Imitation buffalo horn buttons prodn
DE2059849A1 (de) 1970-12-04 1972-07-20 Alfred Witulski Verfahren und Vorrichtung zur Herstellung von stangen- oder scheibenartigen in unterschiedlichen Faerbungen nach Art des Bueffelhorens durchgemusterten Erzeugnissen
US4474545A (en) 1981-07-22 1984-10-02 Construzioni Meccaniche G. Mazzoni S.P.A. Device for manufacturing multicolored marble soaps, from a base paste and one or more liquid pigments

Family Cites Families (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US1614526A (en) * 1924-12-30 1927-01-18 James M Lambie Method of and apparatus for forming articles of plastic material
IT1203288B (it) * 1979-01-24 1989-02-15 Laria Laterizi Rivestimenti Ed Procedimento per la produzione in continuo mediante estrusione di un semilavorato argilloso

Patent Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE2013856A1 (en) 1970-03-23 1971-10-14 Witulski A Imitation buffalo horn buttons prodn
DE2059849A1 (de) 1970-12-04 1972-07-20 Alfred Witulski Verfahren und Vorrichtung zur Herstellung von stangen- oder scheibenartigen in unterschiedlichen Faerbungen nach Art des Bueffelhorens durchgemusterten Erzeugnissen
US4474545A (en) 1981-07-22 1984-10-02 Construzioni Meccaniche G. Mazzoni S.P.A. Device for manufacturing multicolored marble soaps, from a base paste and one or more liquid pigments

Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP1702901A3 (de) * 2005-03-17 2009-05-20 Ngk Insulators, Ltd. Verfahren zur Herstellung von keramischen Formkörpern, und gefärbte keramische Formkörper
CN101049713B (zh) * 2007-04-28 2010-06-23 赵培龙 一种真空挤砖机砖坯成形润滑结构

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
EP1710062B1 (de) 2010-08-25
ITRE990050A1 (it) 2000-10-27
EP1710062A3 (de) 2008-03-05
IT1309755B1 (it) 2002-01-30
ITRE990050A0 (it) 1999-04-27
EP1048425A3 (de) 2003-01-02
EP1048425A2 (de) 2000-11-02

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