Classifications

• • H—ELECTRICITY
  • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
  • H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
  • H01H51/00—Electromagnetic relays
  • H01H51/02—Non-polarised relays
  • H01H51/04—Non-polarised relays with single armature; with single set of ganged armatures
  • H01H51/06—Armature is movable between two limit positions of rest and is moved in one direction due to energisation of an electromagnet and after the electromagnet is de-energised is returned by energy stored during the movement in the first direction, e.g. by using a spring, by using a permanent magnet, by gravity
  • H01H51/08—Contacts alternately opened and closed by successive cycles of energisation and de-energisation of the electromagnet, e.g. by use of a ratchet
  • H01H51/082—Contacts alternately opened and closed by successive cycles of energisation and de-energisation of the electromagnet, e.g. by use of a ratchet using rotating ratchet mechanism
  • H01H51/084—Contacts alternately opened and closed by successive cycles of energisation and de-energisation of the electromagnet, e.g. by use of a ratchet using rotating ratchet mechanism with axial ratchet elements
• • H—ELECTRICITY
  • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
  • H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
  • H01H2300/00—Orthogonal indexing scheme relating to electric switches, relays, selectors or emergency protective devices covered by H01H
  • H01H2300/042—Application rejection, i.e. preventing improper installation of parts
• • H—ELECTRICITY
  • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
  • H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
  • H01H50/00—Details of electromagnetic relays
  • H01H50/16—Magnetic circuit arrangements
  • H01H50/18—Movable parts of magnetic circuits, e.g. armature
  • H01H50/20—Movable parts of magnetic circuits, e.g. armature movable inside coil and substantially lengthwise with respect to axis thereof; movable coaxially with respect to coil

Definitions

• the present invention relates to a device for bistable operation, in translation, of a shaft movable between a first and a second stable position. It relates more particularly to a device comprising a core of magnetic material mounted mobile on the shaft and means for translational movement of said core which comprise a coil which surrounds said core and which is intended to be supplied with pulses of electric current to generate a magnetic field generating the tensile force of said core.
• the invention also relates to a circuit breaker for a storage battery of an electrical installation to be carried on a vehicle comprising such an operating device.
• the present invention provides a new bistable operating device for a shaft movable in translation, which is simplified and which makes it possible to obtain a compact assembly, with a low inertia, a very short response time, a reduced number of parts, in particular moving parts, while increasing the reliability of the operating device, and reducing the energy consumption necessary for moving the shaft. More particularly, the present invention provides an operating device as defined in the introduction in which the core comprises a blind axial housing which extends over part of the length of said core and in which is intended to engage one end of the 'tree.
• the magnetic mass of the core being greater, the magnetic field generated by the passage of current through the coil is stronger and the tensile force of the core is greater which improves the operation of said device for reduced energy consumption.
• said axial housing extends only over a part of the length of the core reduces the guide length between the shaft and the core, which makes it possible to reduce the phenomena of friction between the two parts and the risks. mechanical blocking by improving the performance of the device.
• said blind axial housing extends over a length less than or equal to half the length of the core.
• said axial housing of the core comprises at its mouth a widening intended to accommodate an anti-wear washer able to bear on a stop integral with the shaft to drive it in translation.
• This anti-wear washer is made of a metallic material which is less hard than the core.
• the stop is protected because it is the anti-wear washer which rubs thereon and not the core itself which is very hard.
• the core comprises two barrels of different diameters, namely, a first large diameter barrel capable of bearing on a stop integral with the shaft to drive the latter in translation, and a second small diameter barrel comprising means for positioning the shaft in one of its stable positions, and said axial housing of the core extends over part of the length of said first barrel.
• the core comprises a step formed at the junction between the first and the second barrels, capable of bear against a fixed part of said operating device to position the shaft in the first of its stable positions.
• bistable operating device comprises means for guiding the core around the shaft in rotation;
• the means for guiding in rotation comprise a track formed hollow in the core and at least one pin integral with a fixed part of said operating device and intended to cooperate with said track;
• the core has at one end located on the side of said track a notch and said fixed part carrying said pin comprises a polarization, said notch and said polarizing being adapted to index the respective positions of the core and said fixed part in an assembly machine said core in said fixed part carrying said pin, to prevent the pin from being crushed against the core during mounting;
• Said track comprises three identical juxtaposed modules each covering an angular sector of 120 ° and there are provided three pins arranged at 120 ° on said fixed part;
• the track comprises, by module, a stable position and two intermediate positions for receiving the corresponding pin arranged on either side of the stable position, as well as ramps for passing from one position to the next position;
• the invention proposes a circuit breaker for accumulator batteries of an electrical installation on board a vehicle, which comprises a bistable operating device as mentioned above.
• FIG. 1 is a schematic exploded perspective view of a bistable operating device according to the invention
• FIGS. 2A to 2C are schematic views in longitudinal section of the bistable operating device according to the invention in three different positions of the shaft, namely its first and second stable positions as well as an intermediate position;
• FIG. 3A is a schematic perspective view of a circuit breaker according to the invention with a partial cutaway at the carcass and the supply coil of the operating device;
• FIGS 3B and 3C are detailed views of the core of the operating device shown in Figure 3A positioned in two positions of the shaft, namely an intermediate position and the second stable position; and
• FIG. 3A shows a circuit breaker 1 for a storage battery of an installation to be carried on a vehicle.
• This circuit breaker 1 comprises a box 1A in which two fixed contacts 3 and a movable contact 2 are arranged, in the form of a strip, intended to come into contact with the fixed contacts 3.
• Each fixed contact 3 is connected by means of a metal rod 9 to a terminal 4 for supplying electric current.
• One of the fixed contacts 3 is connected to the negative pole terminal while the other fixed contact 3 is connected to the positive pole terminal identified by a colored ring 4 '.
• the movable contact 2 is able to be moved in translation between two positions, namely a first position in which the movable contact 2 is in abutment against the fixed contacts 3 and a second position in which it is placed at a distance from the fixed contacts 3.
• This movable contact 2 is secured by means of a nut 7 at the end of a shaft 20 movable in translation between a first and a second stable positions corresponding to the first and second positions of the movable contact 2 explained above.
• the shaft 20 is preferably made of non-magnetic material.
• the box 1A of the circuit breaker 1 also contains, and this is the main object of the present invention, a bistable operating device 100 of the shaft 20.
• This bistable operating device 100 is able to move the shaft 20 in translation between its first and second stable positions.
• this bistable operating device 100 comprises a carcass 10 of cylindrical shape of revolution and internally defining a housing 11 closed at the front by a front flange 90 and at the rear by a rear flange 40.
• the front flange 90 is a disc traversed in its center by a bore which opens, on the side of its inner face turned towards the carcass 10, on a cylindrical bearing 91 .
• the front flange 90 has on either side of the cylindrical bearing 91 holes 92 into which engage fixing members 82, here screws, of a coil 80.
• the shaft 20 passes through the bore of the front flange 90 and the cylindrical bearing 91 to engage in the housing 11 inside the carcass 10.
• the shaft 20 carries at its end 20A located inside the carcass 10, on the side of the rear flange 40, a movable core 30.
• This core 30, here in one piece and made of magnetic material, comprises two barrels 31, 32 of different diameters, namely, a first barrel 31 of large diameter and a second barrel 32 of small diameter.
• the first and second barrels 31, 32 of the core 30 have a cylindrical shape of revolution.
• a recess 33 is formed at the junction between the first and the second barrel 31, 32.
• the core 30 comprises a blind axial housing 30A which extends over part of the length of said core 30 and into which is intended to engage the end 20A of the shaft 20.
• This axial housing 30A blind extends over a length less than or equal to half the length of the core 30 and, in in particular, it extends over part of the length of said first barrel 31 of large diameter of the core.
• end 20A of the shaft 20 is not linked to the core 30 in said axial housing 30A and that said core can slide freely on the shaft 20.
• the rear flange 40 also has the shape of a disc pierced in its center with a bore 43 which opens, on the side of its inner face facing the carcass 10, on a bearing 41 whose internal diameter corresponds to the play close to the diameter outside of the second barrel 32 of small diameter of the core 30.
• the second barrel 32 of small diameter of the core 30 is engaged in the bearing 41 carried by the rear flange 40.
• an annular seal is provided 50.
• the front and rear flanges 90.40 are fixed to the carcass 10 by crimping for example and are therefore fixed parts of the bistable operating device 100.
• the shaft 20 On the side of the front flange 90, inside the carcass 10, the shaft 20 carries a return spring 70 threaded on the shaft 20 and engaged at least partially in the bearing 91 of the front flange 90.
• the return spring 70 is held on the shaft 20 between two stops 71, 72 carried by cylinders threadedO on the shaft, one of the cylinders carrying the front stop 71 being engaged in the bore of the front flange 90 and coming into abutment against the bottom of said level 91.
• a clip 60 On the side of the rear stop 72, there is provided a clip 60 forming a stop engaged in an annular groove of the shaft 20 to be secured to the latter.
• the first barrel 31 of large diameter of the core 30 bears on the clip 60 forming a stop.
• said axial housing 30A of the core 30 comprises at its mouth, provided at the corresponding end of the first barrel 31 of the core 30, an enlargement 30B intended to accommodate an anti-wear washer 60A able to bear on the clip 60 secured to the shaft 20.
• This anti-wear washer 60A is made of a metallic materialO which is less hard than the core 30.
• the return spring 70 is a spring which works in compression and, as will be described later, it is capable of bringing the shaft 20 from its second stable position to its first stable position.
• the work of the return spring 70 is assisted by another return spring 5 mounted on the end of the shaft 20 which protrudes from the bistable operating device 100.
• This other more important return spring 5 is compressed between the nut 7 which maintains the movable contact 2 and a washer 8 fixed to the shaft 20 by means of a clip 6 engaged in another annular groove of the shaft 20.
• bistable operating device 100 for means of translational movement of the core 30 from the rear flange 40 to the front flange 90.
• these means for translational movement of the core 30 comprise a coil 80 positioned in the housing 11 inside the carcass 10 so that its body 80A surrounds the core 30.
• the body 80A cylindrical of revolution of the coil has an internal bore 83, the diameter of which is equal to the clearance close to the external diameter of the first barrel 31 of large diameter of the core 30.
• the body 80A of the coil 80 externally carries a winding of conductive wires 80B to form the coil 80. It further carries at its two ends flanges 81, 84 which are positioned against the internal faces of the rear 40 and front 90 flanges closing the carcass 10.
• the coil 80 is intended to be supplied with pulses of electric current to generate a magnetic field generating the tensile force of said core 30 from the rear flange 40 towards the front flange 90.
• the magnetic mass of the core 30 is greater than if the said core was crossed by the shaft as provided by the state of the art, thus the magnetic field generated by the passage of the current in the coil 80 is stronger and the tensile force of the core is therefore greater which improves the operation of the bistable operating device 100.
• said axial housing 30A extends only over a part the length of the core 30 reduces the guide length between the shaft 20 and the core 30 which makes it possible to reduce the phenomena of friction between the two parts and the risks of mechanical blocking by improving the efficiency of the device.
• the second barrel 32 of small diameter of the core 30 includes positioning means 34 of the shaft 20 in one of its stable positions.
• these positioning means 34 carried by the second barrel 32 of the core are capable of positioning the shaft 20 in the second stable position which is a position set back from the rear flange 40, shown in FIGS. 2C and 3C.
• This second stable position corresponds to bringing the movable contact 2 into contact with the fixed contacts 3.
• These positioning means comprise a track 34 hollowed out on the second barrel 32 of small diameter of the core 30 and at least one pin 42 secured to the bearing 41 and intended to cooperate with the track 34.
• This track 34 associated with the pin 42 also forms means for guiding the core 30 in rotation around the shaft 20.
• track 34 comprises three identical modules, one module of which is shown in detail in FIG. 4, juxtaposed and each covering an angular sector of 120 °.
• bearing 41 there are also provided on the bearing 41 three pins 42 arranged at 120 ° from one another which each cooperate with a module of the track 34.
• each pin 42 is engaged in a hole passing through the cylindrical wall of the bearing 41 so that it forms a projection inside the bearing 41 to cooperate with the track 34 of the second barrel 32 of the core 30 engaged in said bearing 41.
• the core 30 has at its end situated on the side of said track 34 a notch 35 and the rear flange 40 secured to the bearing 41 carrying each pin 42 has on its outside face a keying device 44 ( here a hole), said notch 35 and said polarizing device 44 being adapted to index the respective positions of the core 30 and the rear flange 40 secured to the bearing 41 in a machine for mounting said core 30 in the bearing 41 carrying each pin 42, to avoid during assembly, a crushing of each pin 42 against the core 30.
• a keying device 44 here a hole
• each pin 42 is positioned in the bottom of a hollow of a module of the track 34 carried by the core 30 as shown in Figure 3A for example.
• the track 34 carried by the second barrel 32 of the core 30 comprises, by module, a stable position P 5 and two intermediate positions P 3 , P 7 for receiving the corresponding pin 42, arranged on both sides and d 'other from the stable position P 5 , as well as ramps R ⁇ -R 4 for passing from one position to the next position.
• the annular step 33 formed at the junction between the first and the second barrels 31, 32 of the core 30 is able to bear against the circular edge of the bearing 41, fixed part of the bistable operating device 100, to position the shaft in the other of its stable positions, here in its first stable position corresponding to the position in which the movable contact 2 is placed at a distance from the fixed contacts 3 so as to be out of electrical contact.
• the step 33 of the core 30 is positioned in abutment against the annular seal 50 carried by the end of the bearing 41 and projects outwards from the rear flange 40.
• the pins 42 are not in abutment with any edge of the track 34 and they therefore do not intervene to place the shaft 20 in this stable position, only the step 33 occurs.
• the bistable maneuvering device 100 is more robust than a device in which the two stable positions of the shaft are given by the cooperation of the pins with the bottom of the track, because it makes it possible to carry out a greater number of positioning cycles of the tree before a pawn is damaged.
• FIGS. 2A to 2C, 3A to 3C and 4 we will now describe the operation of the bistable maneuvering device 100.
• the shaft 20 is positioned in its first stable position which is a projecting position, that is to say a position in which the second barrel 32 of small diameter of the core 30 projects from the flange rear 40 closing the housing 11 inside the carcass 10 of the operating device 100.
• each pin 42 is positioned in each track module 34 in position Pi, P'i at a distance d from the bottom of the track 34.
• This distance d is preferably greater than or equal to a millimeter.
• the core 30 When the coil 80 is supplied by an electric current pulse, the core 30 is subjected to the action of a tensile force generated by the magnetic field generated by the coil 80 in the core, which tends to move the core in translation 30 from back to front, i.e. back flask
• the core 30 is supported by the anti-wear washer 60A on the stop 60 integral with the shaft 20 to drive in translation the shaft 20 of the amplitude of movement in translation of the core 30 so that the movable contact 2 is moves towards fixed contacts 3.
• the return spring 5 also compresses.
• each pin 42 cooperates with the corresponding module of track 34 to take the intermediate position P 2 coming to bear against the ramp Ri of the corresponding module so that each ramp Ri guides each pin 42 towards the intermediate position
• each pin 42 in each module of the track 34 causes the rotation of an angle of 30 ° of the core 30 concomitantly with its translational movement.
• each pin 42 has reached the intermediate position P 3 in the corresponding module of track 34.
• the electrical impulse having stopped, the supply of the coil 80 being cut off, the core 30 is then subjected to the restoring force of the return spring 70 helped by the return spring 5 which tends to bring the core 30 towards its initial position, that is to say projecting from the rear flange 40.
• each pin 42 navigates in each module of track 34 so as to successively take positions P 4 and P 5 .
• the position P 4 of each pin 42 corresponds to pressing against a ramp R 2 tending to bring it to a stable position at the bottom of the runway, the position P5.
• the core always pivots in the same direction by an angle of 30 ° around the shaft 20.
• This position P 5 of each pin 42 locked at the bottom of a hollow in each module of the track 34 corresponds to the second stable position of the shaft 20 which is a position set back inside of the bistable operating device 100 in which the movable contact 2 is in contact with the fixed contacts 3.
• the return spring 70 is still compressed relative to the initial position of the shaft 20 corresponding to the first stable position shown in FIG. 2A.
• the coil 80 When a new electrical pulse is given to the coil 80, the latter generates a magnetic field generating a tensile force of the core 30 from the rear to the front, as described above.
• each return spring, and in particular the return spring 70 is compressed again.
• the core 30 drives the shaft 20 in translation by the bearing of the anti-wear washer 60A against the stop 60 integral with the shaft 20, and each pin 42 carried by the bearing 41 moves in each track module 34 so as to take the position P ⁇ in abutment against the ramp R 3 to arrive at the position P 7 which is an intermediate position.
• the passage from position P5 to position P 7 of each pin 42 causes the rotation of an angle of 30 ° of the core 30 in the same direction as the previous rotations. There is no turning back.
• each pin 42 moves in each module of track 34 so as to successively take position P 3 in abutment against the ramp R 4 of the corresponding module of track 34 towards position P'-i d 'origin.
• This passage from the position P 7 to the position P'i causes the rotation of an angle of 30 ° of the core 30 in the same direction until the latter comes into abutment by its annular recess 33 against the end of the bearing 41 bearing against the annular seal 50.
• the displacement of the core 30 causes the displacement of the shaft 20 which drives the movable contact 2 away from the fixed contacts 3.
• the shaft 20 then returns to its original position which is its first stable position in which it maintains the movable contact 2 away from the fixed contacts 3.

Landscapes

• Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
• Electromagnetism (AREA)
• Electromagnets (AREA)
• Control Of Throttle Valves Provided In The Intake System Or In The Exhaust System (AREA)
• Keying Circuit Devices (AREA)
• Lock And Its Accessories (AREA)
• Mechanisms For Operating Contacts (AREA)
• Harvester Elements (AREA)
• Surgical Instruments (AREA)
• Connection Of Motors, Electrical Generators, Mechanical Devices, And The Like (AREA)
• Magnetic Treatment Devices (AREA)

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• 2004
  • 2004-01-15 FR FR0400345A patent/FR2865313B1/fr not_active Expired - Fee Related
  • 2004-12-27 WO PCT/FR2004/003389 patent/WO2005078757A2/fr active Application Filing
  • 2004-12-27 DE DE602004019251T patent/DE602004019251D1/de not_active Expired - Fee Related
  • 2004-12-27 EP EP04817601A patent/EP1709655B1/de not_active Not-in-force
  • 2004-12-27 AT AT04817601T patent/ATE421762T1/de not_active IP Right Cessation
  • 2004-12-27 ES ES04817601T patent/ES2321521T3/es active Active

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