EP1707686B1 - Verfahren zur Herstellung einer stufenförmigen Böschung und eine so hergestellte Konstruktion - Google Patents

Verfahren zur Herstellung einer stufenförmigen Böschung und eine so hergestellte Konstruktion Download PDF

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Publication number
EP1707686B1
EP1707686B1 EP20050290598 EP05290598A EP1707686B1 EP 1707686 B1 EP1707686 B1 EP 1707686B1 EP 20050290598 EP20050290598 EP 20050290598 EP 05290598 A EP05290598 A EP 05290598A EP 1707686 B1 EP1707686 B1 EP 1707686B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
facing
panel
sloped surface
construction work
support members
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Fee Related
Application number
EP20050290598
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English (en)
French (fr)
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EP1707686A1 (de
Inventor
Alexander Suk
Martin Van Den Berg
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Terre Armee Internationale
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Terre Armee Internationale
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Priority to DE200560007575 priority Critical patent/DE602005007575D1/de
Priority to EP20050290598 priority patent/EP1707686B1/de
Publication of EP1707686A1 publication Critical patent/EP1707686A1/de
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Publication of EP1707686B1 publication Critical patent/EP1707686B1/de
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Classifications

    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
    • E02D—FOUNDATIONS; EXCAVATIONS; EMBANKMENTS; UNDERGROUND OR UNDERWATER STRUCTURES
    • E02D17/00—Excavations; Bordering of excavations; Making embankments
    • E02D17/20—Securing of slopes or inclines

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to the construction of facing structures for civil engineering works.
  • facings consisting of wire mesh panels, with stones retained and left apparent by the wire mesh panels.
  • This type of facing is appreciated because of its relatively light weight and of its aesthetics. It can also be adapted to allow the growth of vegetation on the facing.
  • This sort of wire mesh facing is applicable to retaining walls.
  • a fill made of earth, sand, rocks or another granular material is stabilized by reinforcements which extend within the fill volume. Some of the reinforcements are connected to the facing which prevents the fill material from falling apart.
  • JP2000-204573 discloses foldable cell elements usable to construct retaining walls and having front and rear faces made of wire mesh panels connected together by articulated connecting rods.
  • the stepped facing is used to cover a pre-existing, self-supporting foundation base, rather than stabilized soil which has to be retained by the facing. In such a case, it is generally not possible to connect the facing elements to reinforcements extending into the underlying base.
  • An object of the present invention is to overcome that difficulty.
  • the support members are used to hang the stepped facing structure to the sloped base.
  • the plurality of anchoring locations allow a distribution of the load along the slope. They can also be used to transport materials up or down during the construction work.
  • the support members can be in the form of ladders applied against the foundation base and attached by means of bolts or other types of connectors.
  • the method makes it possible to easily erect a stepped facing wall even where the sloped underlying surface is hard and smooth.
  • Another aspect of the present invention relates to a construction work as defined in claim 5, with embodiments of the construction work set out in claims 6-15.
  • Figure 1 shows a construction work which can be erected in accordance with the invention.
  • the base to be covered is not made of stabilized soil or the like, but consists of a hard concrete foundation 1.
  • the foundation base 1 has a sloped upper surface 2 to be covered by a facing made of stones and wire mesh panels.
  • the facing has a stepped configuration, which gives a special appearance to the overall structure. It also provides horizontal terraces 3 along the facing, where trees or other plants 4 can be grown for ornamental purposes. Recesses 5 are provided in the stone fill on such terraces 3 for receiving earth or soil material enabling plants to be grown.
  • the first step consists in attaching support members 6 to the foundation base 1 ( figure 2 ).
  • the attachment can be made by means of bolts 7 distributed on the surface 2 of the base. The quantity and dimensions of the bolts are calculated to withstand the weight of the facing once completed.
  • the support members 6 applied against the base surface 2 define a number of anchoring locations that will be used to position and hold the facing elements.
  • the support members 6 are in the form of ladders. Each has a pair of uprights 8 and a series of transverse rods 9 fixed to the two uprights 8. Each ladder-shaped member is positioned on the base 1 with its uprights 8 laid along the upward direction of the sloped surface 2, so as to cover substantially the whole height of the base. Hence, the transverse rods 9 define the anchoring locations spaced along the upward direction of the sloped surface. Ladder members 6 are placed parallel to each other along the horizontal direction, with a typical mutual spacing of one or a few meters.
  • the ladder-shaped support members 6 are usable to transport loads up or down the sloped surface.
  • transverse rods 9 of a support member 6 receive hooked ends of connecting members 10, 11 a, 12a which can be put in place as soon as the support member 6 has been attached to the sloped surface 2, as shown in figure 2 , or later.
  • the lower ends of the ladder uprights 8 are bent in the form of hooks 15 ( figure 2 ).
  • the hooks 5 receive the lower edge of the lower wire mesh facing panel 16, as shown in figure 4 .
  • the lowest connecting member 10 hanged to the ladder rods 9 is lifted and its end remote from the rod 9, which is also bent, is hooked around one of the wires of the raised mesh panel 16.
  • the connecting member 10 thus forms an elongated link which holds the wire mesh panel 16 in a vertical position as the stone fill 20 is poured between the panel 16 and the sloped surface 2.
  • Wire mesh partitions are arranged parallel to the plane of figures 4-6 to delimit laterally the volume receiving the stone fill 20.
  • the first step of the facing is completed by positioning another wire mesh panel 11 b horizontally over the upper level of the fill.
  • the front end of the panel 11 b is bent in order to hook around the upper edge of the vertical panel.
  • the panel 11 b is lowered as indicated by the arrow in figure 4 .
  • the cover panel 11 b is made from high tensile strength wire mesh in order to create a stable base for the next row of facing panels.
  • the second step of the facing has a vertical front panel 17 which belongs to an L-shaped wire mesh element which also has a base portion 18 folded perpendicularly to be laid on the upper side 11 b of the underlying step.
  • a stiffener link 19 is connected to the base portion 18 and the front panel 17 to maintain the 90° angle between them.
  • the next connecting member 12a is lowered and another connecting member is installed with a hooked-end gripping the wire mesh of the raised panel 17 and an opposite end joined to the free end of the connecting member 12a.
  • These two connecting members are then welded together to form an elongated link 12 having the suitable length as shown in figure 5 .
  • Several such links 12 are made along the structure, and lateral partitions (not shown) are installed.
  • the stone fill of the second step can be introduced. Once the appropriate fill level is reached, the upper panel 11 of the step can be brought, assembled and fixed as described with reference to figure 4 .
  • each facing panel 16, 17 stabilizes it during the installation of the stones.
  • the additional cover connection 11 at the top of the facing panel minimizes the deformation of the structure while the next step is being built.
  • the above-described process of erecting a facing step can be iterated up to the upper level of the wall.
  • intermediate steps 21 can be added between the thus formed main steps as shown in figure 1 .
  • Such intermediate steps 21 can be made by assembling wire mesh panels in the corners between adjacent steps, or by installing prefabricated wire mesh boxes (gabions).
  • such intermediate steps 21 have a reduced length perpendicularly to the plane of figure 1 (e.g. between 1 and 2 meters), and are used to provide stairs for allowing maintenance personnel to easily climb up or down the structure.
  • a remarkable feature of the above-described process of erecting the facing steps is that it is very easy to modulate the width of the terraces 3 between adjacent steps.
  • Such terrace width modulation can be required by the architect. It suffices that the links 11, 12 held at anchoring locations at a common vertical level have a variable length along the work, i.e. in the direction perpendicular to the plane of figures 4-6 .
  • the process is very flexible regarding the position of the individual steps.
  • the width of the terraces can be varied at will to accommodate the wishes of the architect of the structure.
  • the facing panel 17 is designed so that it can be put in place in various positions on top of the underlying cover element 11 b.
  • Figure 6 illustrates how a recess 5 filled with soil material 25 can be provided on a terrace 3 between two adjacent steps.
  • the step where the recess is made is prepared as indicated previously, by installing the L-shaped wire mesh element comprising the front panel 17, assembling elongated links 12, and pouring stones 20.
  • the fill is introduced up to the top of the step, leaving a ditch to form recess 5.
  • a wire mesh edge element 26 is hooked to the upper edge of the front panel 17.
  • the edge element 26 has a bent shape as shown in the cross-sectional view of figure 6 , so that its front part defines the edge of the terrace 3 and is bent rear part forms the front wall of the recess 5.
  • the L-shaped wire mesh element 17-18 for the next step, with its stiffeners 19, is laid on the current upper level of the fill, whereby the bottom of the next facing panel 17 defines the rear wall of the recess 5. Additional stones are introduced to maintain the new L-shaped element 17-18 in place. It is possible to fold back one or more of the next connecting members 12a and to assemble them to form elongated links for holding the next facing panel 17 while more stones are introduced.
  • a geotextile liner 27 is placed into the recess 5 before it is filled with the soil material 25.
  • the liner 27 separates the soil material 25 from the stones 20. It prevents the soil material from leaking through the stones while allowing the flow of water.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mining & Mineral Resources (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • General Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Paleontology (AREA)
  • Civil Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Structural Engineering (AREA)
  • Revetment (AREA)

Claims (15)

  1. Verfahren zur Herstellung einer stufenförmigen Böschung auf einer Unterlage (1) mit einer geneigten Oberfläche (2), wobei das Verfahren folgende Schritte umfasst:
    - Anbringen von IIatteelementen (6) an der Unterlage, wobei sich die Halteelemente parallel zu der geneigten Oberfläche erstrecken und entlang der Aufwärtsrichtung der geneigten Oberfläche beabstandete Verankerungsstellen definieren,
    - für mindestens eine Stufe der Böschung: Installieren eines Böschungspaneels (16-17) und eines ersten Verbindungselements (10, 12) mit einem hinteren Ende, das an einer ersten der Verankerungsstellen gehalten wird, die höher liegt als eine Unterkante des Böschungspaneels, und einem vorderen Ende, das mit einem erhabenen Abschnitt des Böschungspaneels verbunden ist, und
    - Einbringen eines Füllmaterials (20) zwischen die geneigte Oberfläche und das Böschungspaneel und
    - Installieren eines zweiten Verbindungselements (11) mit einem hinteren Ende, das an einer zweiten der Verankerungsstellen gehalten wird, die höher liegt als die erste Verankerungsstelle, und einem vorderen Ende, das mit einer Oberkante des Paneels verbunden ist.
  2. Verfahren nach Anspruch 1, wobei die Halteelemente leiterförmige Elemente (6) umfassen, die jeweils aufweisen: ein Paar paralleler Pfosten (8), die entlang der Aufwärtsrichtung, der geneigten Oberfläche (2) verlegt sind, und eine Reihe quer verlaufender Stabelemente (9), die jeweils an den zwei Pfosten befestigt sind, wobei die Stabelemente die Verankerungsstellen definieren,
  3. Verfahren nach einem der vorangehenden Ansprüche, das ferner den Schritt der Verwendung der Halteelemente (6) zum Aufwärts- oder Abwärtstransport von Lasten auf der geneigten Oberfläche (2) während der Herstellung der stufenförmigen Böschung umfasst.
  4. Verfahren nach einem der vorangehenden Ansprüche, wobei die Böschungspaneele (16-17) Maschendrahtpaneele umfassen und das Füllmaterial (20) Steine um fasst.
  5. Konstruktion mit einer stufenförmigen Böschung, die auf einer Untertage (1) mit einer geneigten Oberfläche (2) hergestellt ist, wobei die Böschung umfasst: an der Unterlage angebrachte Halteelemente (6), die sich parallel zu der geneigten Oberfläche erstrecken und entlang der Aufwärtsrichtung der geneigten Oberfläche beabstandete Verankerungsstellen definieren, und eine Mehrzahl von entlang der geneigten Oberfläche angeordneten Stufen, wobei mindestens eine der Stufen umfasst: ein Böschungspaneel (16, 17), ein erstes Verbindungselement (10, 12) mit einem hinteren Ende, das an einer ersten der Verankerungsstellen gehalten wird, die höher liegt als eine Unterkante des Böschungspaneels, und einem vorderen Ende, das mit einem erhabenen Abschnitt des Böschungspaneels verbunden ist, ein zweites Verbindungselement (11) mit einem hinteren Ende, das an einer zweiten der Verankerungsstellen gehalten wird, die höher liegt als die erste Verankerungsstelle, und einem vorderen Ende, das mit einer Oberkante des Paneels verbunden ist, und Füllmaterial (20) zwischen der geneigten Oberfläche und dem Böschungspaneel.
  6. Konstruktion nach Anspruch 5, wobei die Halteelemente leiterförmige Elemente (6) umfassen, die jeweils aufweisen: ein Paar paralleler Pfosten (8), die entlang der Aufwärtsrichtung der geneigten Oberfläche verlegt sind, und eine Reihe quer verlaufender Stabelemente (9), die jeweils an den zwei Pfosten befestigt sind, wobei die Stabelemente die Verankerungsstellen definieren.
  7. Konstruktion nach Anspruch 6, wobei die Pfosten (8) mindestens einiger der leiterförmigen Halteelemente (6) ein unteres Ende aufweisen, das so gebogen ist, dass Hakenmittel (15) ausgebildet werden, und wobei die Hakenmittel eine Unterkante eines Böschungspaneels (16) aufnehmen.
  8. Konstruktion nach einem der Ansprüche 5 bis 7, wobei das Böschungspaneel (17) mindestens einer Stufe der Böschung eine Unterkante aufweist, die auf der oberen Oberfläche einer darunter liegenden Stufe der Verkleidung aufliegt.
  9. Konstruktion nach einem der Ansprüche 5 bis 8, wobei die Verbindungselemente Maschendrahtpaneele (11) umfassen, die sich jeweils zwischen einer Oberkante eines Böschungspaneels (16-17) und der geneigten Oberfläche (2) erstrecken, wo sie an einer Verankerungsstelle gesichert sind, wobei das Maschendrahtpaneel (11) eine obere Oberfläche einer Stufe der Böschung definiert.
  10. Konstruktion nach einem der Ansprüche 5 bis 9, wobei die Verbindungselemente längliche Verbindungen (10, 12) mit hakenförmigen Enden zur Verbindung mit den Halteelementen (6) und den Böschungspaneelen (16-17) umfassen.
  11. Konstruktion nach einem der Ansprüche 5 bis 10, wobei einige der Verbindungselemente (11-12), die an Verankerungsstellen auf einer gemeinsamen vertikalen Ebene gehalten werden, eine variable Länge aufweisen, um Terrassen mit variabler Breite zwischen zwei benachbarten Stufen zu ermöglichen.
  12. Konstruktion nach einem der Ansprüche 5 bis 11, wobei die Böschungspaneele Maschendrahtpaneele (16-17) umfassen und das Füllmaterial (20) Steine umfasst.
  13. Konstruktion nach Anspruch 12, wobei das Füllmaterial ferner Erdmaterial (25) umfasst, das in mindestens einer Aussparung (5) enthalten ist, die auf einer Terrasse (3) zwischen zwei benachbarten Stufen ausgebildet ist.
  14. Konstruktion nach Anspruch 13, die ferner eine Geotextil-Zwischenlage (27) umfasst, die in der Aussparung (5) verlegt ist, um das Erdmaterial (25) von den Steinen (20) zu trennen.
  15. Konstruktion nach einem der Ansprüche 5 bis 14, die ferner Zwischenstufen (21) mit verminderter Länge umfasst, die zwischen benachbarten Stufen mit Böschungspaneelen (16, 17), die über Verbindungselemente (10-12) mit den Verunkerungsstellen verbunden sind, angeordnet sind, um Stufen bereitzustellen, auf denen Wartungspersonal die Böschung hinauf- oder hinunterklettern kann.
EP20050290598 2005-03-17 2005-03-17 Verfahren zur Herstellung einer stufenförmigen Böschung und eine so hergestellte Konstruktion Expired - Fee Related EP1707686B1 (de)

Priority Applications (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE200560007575 DE602005007575D1 (de) 2005-03-17 2005-03-17 Verfahren zur Herstellung einer stufenförmigen Böschung und eine so hergestellte Konstruktion
EP20050290598 EP1707686B1 (de) 2005-03-17 2005-03-17 Verfahren zur Herstellung einer stufenförmigen Böschung und eine so hergestellte Konstruktion

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Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
EP20050290598 EP1707686B1 (de) 2005-03-17 2005-03-17 Verfahren zur Herstellung einer stufenförmigen Böschung und eine so hergestellte Konstruktion

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EP1707686A1 EP1707686A1 (de) 2006-10-04
EP1707686B1 true EP1707686B1 (de) 2008-06-18

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DE (1) DE602005007575D1 (de)

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* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
PL216075B1 (pl) * 2008-04-21 2014-02-28 Lubelska Polt Sposób ochrony przeciwerozyjnej stoków

Family Cites Families (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
ES2124569T3 (es) * 1994-08-04 1999-02-01 Peter Steiner Dispositivo de mantenimiento para un revestimiento de una pared inclinada a cubrir de hierba, asi como procedimiento para su realizacion.
GB9424101D0 (en) * 1994-11-29 1995-01-18 Phi Group Limited Method and apparatus for supporting vegetative growth on a slope face
JPH11323943A (ja) * 1998-05-19 1999-11-26 Tenryu Ind Co Ltd 法面、壁面、岸面等の保護緑化構造
JP2000204573A (ja) * 1999-01-14 2000-07-25 San Buresu:Kk 擁壁形成用ユニット並びにこのユニットを用いた擁壁及び擁壁の構築方法

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