EP1706669A2 - Flexible nozzle mixing burner comprising a swirl chamber - Google Patents

Flexible nozzle mixing burner comprising a swirl chamber

Info

Publication number
EP1706669A2
EP1706669A2 EP05700928A EP05700928A EP1706669A2 EP 1706669 A2 EP1706669 A2 EP 1706669A2 EP 05700928 A EP05700928 A EP 05700928A EP 05700928 A EP05700928 A EP 05700928A EP 1706669 A2 EP1706669 A2 EP 1706669A2
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
oxygen
gas
containing gas
burner
fuel gas
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Granted
Application number
EP05700928A
Other languages
German (de)
French (fr)
Other versions
EP1706669B1 (en
Inventor
Volker Häckh
Andreas Kulkies
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Linde GmbH
Original Assignee
Linde GmbH
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Linde GmbH filed Critical Linde GmbH
Priority to PL05700928T priority Critical patent/PL1706669T3/en
Publication of EP1706669A2 publication Critical patent/EP1706669A2/en
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP1706669B1 publication Critical patent/EP1706669B1/en
Not-in-force legal-status Critical Current
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical

Links

Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23D—BURNERS
    • F23D14/00—Burners for combustion of a gas, e.g. of a gas stored under pressure as a liquid
    • F23D14/46—Details, e.g. noise reduction means
    • F23D14/60—Devices for simultaneous control of gas and combustion air
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23C—METHODS OR APPARATUS FOR COMBUSTION USING FLUID FUEL OR SOLID FUEL SUSPENDED IN  A CARRIER GAS OR AIR 
    • F23C7/00—Combustion apparatus characterised by arrangements for air supply
    • F23C7/002—Combustion apparatus characterised by arrangements for air supply the air being submitted to a rotary or spinning motion
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23D—BURNERS
    • F23D14/00—Burners for combustion of a gas, e.g. of a gas stored under pressure as a liquid
    • F23D14/20—Non-premix gas burners, i.e. in which gaseous fuel is mixed with combustion air on arrival at the combustion zone
    • F23D14/22—Non-premix gas burners, i.e. in which gaseous fuel is mixed with combustion air on arrival at the combustion zone with separate air and gas feed ducts, e.g. with ducts running parallel or crossing each other
    • F23D14/24—Non-premix gas burners, i.e. in which gaseous fuel is mixed with combustion air on arrival at the combustion zone with separate air and gas feed ducts, e.g. with ducts running parallel or crossing each other at least one of the fluids being submitted to a swirling motion
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23D—BURNERS
    • F23D14/00—Burners for combustion of a gas, e.g. of a gas stored under pressure as a liquid
    • F23D14/32—Burners for combustion of a gas, e.g. of a gas stored under pressure as a liquid using a mixture of gaseous fuel and pure oxygen or oxygen-enriched air
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23D—BURNERS
    • F23D14/00—Burners for combustion of a gas, e.g. of a gas stored under pressure as a liquid
    • F23D14/46—Details, e.g. noise reduction means
    • F23D14/70—Baffles or like flow-disturbing devices

Definitions

  • the invention relates to an external mixing burner with a burner head, at least one fuel gas tube and at least one tube for an oxygen-containing gas, wherein the burner head has outlet openings from the fuel gas pipe and from the tube for the oxygen-containing gas. Furthermore, the invention relates to a method for operating an externally mixing burner, which has at least one fuel gas tube and at least one tube for oxygen-containing gas, through which fuel gas or oxygen-containing gas flow to the burner head.
  • External mixing burners are used for a wide variety of applications. For example, for heating and melting of metals or glass, a variety of differently designed burners are used. Finding a burner that is suitable for all phases of the melting process and for different load cases of the furnace is a challenge.
  • Object of the present invention is therefore to develop a burner that can be advantageously used for a variety of applications and for each phase of an application.
  • gas supply lines for fuel gas and oxygen-containing gas are provided, which are each associated with a source of fuel gas or oxygen-containing gas and of which at least one gas supply line opens eccentrically into a swirl chamber between the gas supply and the fuel gas pipe and / or between the gas supply line and the tube for oxygen-containing gas is mounted.
  • At least one of the gas supply lines upstream of the swirl chamber divides into two lines, wherein one of these lines opens eccentrically into the swirl chamber and the other of these lines opens directly into the fuel gas pipe or into the tube for oxygen-containing gas.
  • valves are provided in the gas supply lines, in particular that valves are provided in the part of the gas supply lines in which at least one gas supply line is already divided into two lines, and a control or regulating device is available which controls or regulates the opening degrees of the valves , whereby the shape of the flame of the burner is adjustable.
  • valves are designed as solenoid valves. These allow a gradually variable setting of the flame shape.
  • the solenoid valves can be partially or completely replaced by control valves. These allow a continuously variable adjustment of the flame shape.
  • the swirl chamber preferably has a circular cross-section in a section perpendicular to the longitudinal axis of the fuel gas tube.
  • the gas supply line opens tangentially into the swirl chamber.
  • the stated object is achieved in that the fuel gas and / or the oxygen-containing gas is introduced eccentrically into a swirl chamber in which the fuel gas or the oxygen-containing gas is impinged by a swirl flow and the fuel gas or oxygen-containing gas after leaving the swirl chamber the fuel gas pipe or the tube for oxygen-containing gas is supplied.
  • the per unit time via the swirl chamber and without the swirl chamber supplied to the burner amounts of fuel gas and oxygen-containing gas are controlled or regulated, the fuel gas and the oxygen-containing gas are passed through valves whose degrees of opening are controlled or regulated so that the burner is a flame generated, which has a desired and adjustable via the control or regulation form.
  • both air is suitable as an oxidizing agent, as well as oxygen-containing gas with an oxygen content of air increased oxygen content
  • oxygen-containing gas with an oxygen content of air increased oxygen content
  • oxygen-enriched air is used as the oxygen-containing gas. This has the advantage that it is still inexpensive and also already partially shows the benefits of using oxygen for combustion, which are in the air reduced nitrogen content and the higher achievable combustion temperature.
  • a gas having an oxygen content greater than the oxygen content of air in particular with an oxygen content greater than 30 vol.%.
  • a gas having an oxygen content greater than 70% by volume, in particular greater than 99.5% by volume is used as the oxygen-containing gas.
  • the benefits of oxygen are maximally pronounced, but the cost of the oxidizing agent increases, so that for each application a balance should take place, which oxygen content is technically desirable or necessary and economically justifiable.
  • the swirling gas flow is imparted with a swirling flow.
  • the advantage here is that a good mixing of the fuel with the oxygen with a slightly shortened flame arises.
  • a swirl flow is impressed on the flow of the oxygen-containing gas. This is advantageous because the flame is somewhat shortened here and the burner can be structurally somewhat easier to manufacture.
  • the combustion gas flow and the flow of the oxygen-containing gas are impressed on each other in the same direction swirl flows.
  • the advantage here is that the flame is very short and quiet.
  • a further embodiment of the invention provides that the fuel gas flow and the flow of the oxygen-containing gas to each other opposite swirl flows are impressed. This is recommended in case an extremely short, bushy flame is needed.
  • a significant advantage of the invention is that the change in the flame length can be changed continuously (without changing the amount of fuel during operation). There are no changes to the burner (such as nozzle change) are made. Thus, the current flame length can be reduced to one third of its maximum length.
  • the invention is particularly suitable for processes in which solid material is melted into liquid material, since here the melting materials change in shape and the flame shape of this change can be adapted.
  • Another great advantage of the invention is that the change in the flame length is infinitely and during the operation of the burner, the impression of a swirl flow started and can be stopped again, without the burner would have to be turned off and without any structural changes, such as Changing a conventional swirl disk would be necessary.
  • the change in the shape of the flame takes place via the change at least one of the two gas flows alone on the setting of the opening degree of the valves described, which in turn is done via the control or regulating device having the invention.
  • the external mixing burner according to the invention is particularly suitable for melting metals or glass.
  • Figure 2 is a section along the line A - A
  • Figure 3 is a section along the line B - B.
  • the figures show a burner 1 with a burner head 2, a tube 4 for an oxygen-containing gas and with a fuel gas tube 3 (not shown).
  • the two tubes are arranged concentrically, in such a way that the fuel gas tube 3 is mounted within the tube 4.
  • a thus constructed burner 1 is also called parallel flow burner.
  • fuel gas for example, natural gas is used.
  • Oxygen-enriched air is introduced into the swirl chamber 9 via the gas feed line 7 and the line 7a. There, a swirl flow of the same direction is impressed on this gas stream. In this case, the valve 12 is opened and the valve 13 is closed.
  • the flow of oxygen-enriched air leaves the swirl chamber and is introduced into the tube 4.
  • the natural gas stream is introduced into the fuel gas tube 3.
  • the two gas streams mix and there is a characteristic flame.
  • the shape of the resulting flame depends directly on the setting of the valves 10, 11, 12 and 13.
  • valves 10, 11, 12 and / or 13 By forming the valves 10, 11, 12 and / or 13 as control valves intermediate positions, ie adjustable degrees of opening of these valves are possible. As a result, the shape of the flame is infinitely adjustable. The change in the shape of the flame takes place without difficulty during the operation of the burner 1 by means of the control or regulating device for the valves 10, 11, 12, 13.
  • the supply quantities of fuel gas and oxygen-containing gas must be taken.
  • the once selected supply quantities remain constant during the operation of the burner. Only by the choice of valve positions for the valves 10, 11, 12, 13 a short, bushy and wide flame is generated up to a long, narrow flame.

Abstract

An apparatus and method for a burner is disclosed. In an embodiment of an apparatus of the present invention, the burner includes a combustion gas tube with a first gas inlet line coupled to the combustion gas tube and an oxygen-containing gas tube with a second gas inlet line coupled to the oxygen-containing gas tube. A swirl chamber is disposed between either the first gas inlet line and the combustion gas tube or between the second gas inlet line and the oxygen-containing gas tube. In accordance with an embodiment of a method of the present invention, the method includes controlling a flow of a combustion gas to the combustion gas tube and controlling a flow of an oxygen-containing gas to the oxygen-containing gas tube. The combustion gas or the oxygen-containing gas is swirled in a swirl chamber and the combustion gas and the oxygen-containing gas is supplied to a burner.

Description

Beschreibung description
Flexibler Parallelstrombrenner mit DrallkammerFlexible parallel flow burner with swirl chamber
Die Erfindung betrifft einen außenmischender Brenner mit einem Brennerkopf, mindestens einem Brenngasrohr und mindestens einem Rohr für ein sauerstoffhaltiges Gas, wobei der Brennerkopf Austrittsöffnungen aus dem Brenngasrohr und aus dem Rohr für das sauerstoffhaltiges Gas aufweist. Ferner bezieht sich die Erfindung auf ein ι Verfahren zum Betrieb eines außenmischenden Brenners, der mindestens ein Brenngasrohr und mindestens ein Rohr für sauerstoffhaltiges Gas aufweist, durch die Brenngas bzw. sauerstoffhaltiges Gas zum Brennerkopf strömen.The invention relates to an external mixing burner with a burner head, at least one fuel gas tube and at least one tube for an oxygen-containing gas, wherein the burner head has outlet openings from the fuel gas pipe and from the tube for the oxygen-containing gas. Furthermore, the invention relates to a method for operating an externally mixing burner, which has at least one fuel gas tube and at least one tube for oxygen-containing gas, through which fuel gas or oxygen-containing gas flow to the burner head.
Außenmischende Brenner werden für die verschiedensten Anwendungen eingesetzt. Beispielsweise zum Erwärmen und Einschmelzen von Metallen oder Glas werden eine Vielzahl von unerschiedlich ausgestalteten Brennern eingesetzt. Einen Brenner zu finden, der für alle Phasen des Schmelzvorgangs und für verschiedene Lastfälle des Ofens geeignet ist, ist dabei eine Herausforderung.External mixing burners are used for a wide variety of applications. For example, for heating and melting of metals or glass, a variety of differently designed burners are used. Finding a burner that is suitable for all phases of the melting process and for different load cases of the furnace is a challenge.
Aufgabe vorliegender Erfindung ist es daher, ein Brenner zu entwickeln, der für eine Vielzahl von Anwendungsfällen und für jede Phase einer Anwendung vorteilhaft einsetzbar ist.Object of the present invention is therefore to develop a burner that can be advantageously used for a variety of applications and for each phase of an application.
Die gestellte Aufgabe wird dadurch gelöst, dass Gaszuleitungen für Brenngas und für sauerstoffhaltiges Gas vorgesehen sind, die je mit einer Quelle für Brenngas bzw. für sauerstoffhaltiges Gas in Verbindung stehen und von denen mindestens eine Gaszuleitung exzentrisch in eine Drallkammer mündet, die zwischen der Gaszuleitung und dem Brenngasrohr und/oder zwischen der Gaszuleitung und dem Rohr für sauerstoffhaltiges Gas angebracht ist.The object is achieved in that gas supply lines for fuel gas and oxygen-containing gas are provided, which are each associated with a source of fuel gas or oxygen-containing gas and of which at least one gas supply line opens eccentrically into a swirl chamber between the gas supply and the fuel gas pipe and / or between the gas supply line and the tube for oxygen-containing gas is mounted.
Bevorzugt teilt sich mindestens eine der Gaszuleitungen stromaufwärts vor der Drallkammer in zwei Leitungen auf, wobei eine dieser Leitungen exzentrisch in die Drallkammer mündet und die andere dieser Leitungen direkt in das Brenngasrohr bzw. in das Rohr für sauerstoffhaltiges Gas mündet. Besonders bevorzugt sind in den Gaszuleitungen Ventile vorgesehen, insbesondere dass in dem Teil der Gaszuleitungen Ventile vorgesehen sind, in dem mindestens eine Gaszuleitung bereits in zwei Leitungen geteilt ist, und eine Steuer- oder Regeleinrichtung zur Verfügung steht, die die Öffnungsgrade der Ventile steuert oder regelt, wodurch die Form der Flamme des Brenners einstellbar ist.Preferably, at least one of the gas supply lines upstream of the swirl chamber divides into two lines, wherein one of these lines opens eccentrically into the swirl chamber and the other of these lines opens directly into the fuel gas pipe or into the tube for oxygen-containing gas. Particularly preferably, valves are provided in the gas supply lines, in particular that valves are provided in the part of the gas supply lines in which at least one gas supply line is already divided into two lines, and a control or regulating device is available which controls or regulates the opening degrees of the valves , whereby the shape of the flame of the burner is adjustable.
Zweckmäßigerweise sind die Ventile als Magnetventile ausgebildet. Diese lassen eine stufenweise veränderbare Einstellung der Flammenform zu. Bei höheren Ansprüchen können die Magnetventile teilweise oder ganz gegen Regelventile ausgetauscht werden. Diese lassen eine kontinuierlich veränderbare Einstellung der Flammenform zu.Conveniently, the valves are designed as solenoid valves. These allow a gradually variable setting of the flame shape. For higher demands, the solenoid valves can be partially or completely replaced by control valves. These allow a continuously variable adjustment of the flame shape.
Bevorzugt weist die Drallkammer in einem Schnitt senkrecht zur Längsachse des Brenngasrohres einen kreisförmigen Querschnitt auf. Besonders bevorzugt mündet die Gaszuleitung tangential in die Drallkammer. Durch jede dieser Ausgestaltungen kann die Reibung für den Drallstrom verringert und zusammen minimiert werden.The swirl chamber preferably has a circular cross-section in a section perpendicular to the longitudinal axis of the fuel gas tube. Particularly preferably, the gas supply line opens tangentially into the swirl chamber. By any of these designs, the friction for the swirl flow can be reduced and minimized together.
Verfahrensseitig wird die gestellte Aufgaeb dadurch gelöst, dass das Brenngas und/oder das sauerstoffhaltige Gas exzentrisch in eine Drallkammer eingetragen wird, in der dem Brenngas bzw. dem sauerstoffhaltigen Gas eine Drallströmung aufgeprägt wird und das Brenngas bzw. sauerstoffhaltige Gas nach Verlassen der Drallkammer dem Brenngasrohr bzw. dem Rohr für sauerstoffhaltiges Gas zugeführt wird.In terms of the method, the stated object is achieved in that the fuel gas and / or the oxygen-containing gas is introduced eccentrically into a swirl chamber in which the fuel gas or the oxygen-containing gas is impinged by a swirl flow and the fuel gas or oxygen-containing gas after leaving the swirl chamber the fuel gas pipe or the tube for oxygen-containing gas is supplied.
Bevorzugt werden die pro Zeiteinheit über die Drallkammer und ohne die Drallkammer dem Brenner zugeführten Mengen an Brenngas und sauerstoffhaltigem Gas gesteuert oder geregelt, wobei das Brenngas und das sauerstoffhaltige Gas über Ventile geleitet werden, deren Öffnungsgrade so gesteuert oder geregelt werden, dass der Brenner eine Flamme erzeugt, die eine gewünschte und über die Steuerung oder Regelung einstellbare Form aufweist.Preferably, the per unit time via the swirl chamber and without the swirl chamber supplied to the burner amounts of fuel gas and oxygen-containing gas are controlled or regulated, the fuel gas and the oxygen-containing gas are passed through valves whose degrees of opening are controlled or regulated so that the burner is a flame generated, which has a desired and adjustable via the control or regulation form.
Beispielsweise bei der Befeuerung von Industrieöfen zum Einschmelzen von Metallen oder Glas werden häufig Brennstoff-Sauerstoff-Brenner eingesetzt. Bei der Verbrennung von Brennstoff mit Luft wirkt der in der Luft als Hauptbestandteil enthaltene Stickstoff im wesentlichen als Ballastgas. Zur Verringerung des Abgasvolumens ist man dazu übergegangen, die Brenner mit einem sauerstoffhaltigen Gas als Oxidationsmittel zu betreiben, dessen Sauerstoffgehalt gegenüber dem Sauerstoffgehalt von Luft erhöht ist. Diese Vorgehensweise hat den Vorteil, dass sich aufgrund des niedrigeren Stickstoffgehalts die Flammentemperatur erhöht und der Wärmegehalt im Abgas reduziert, wodurch ein höherer thermischer Wirkungsgrad erreicht werden kann und die Bildung von Stickoxiden vorteilhaft vermindert wird.For example, in the firing of industrial furnaces for melting metals or glass often fuel-oxygen burner are used. In the combustion of fuel with air, the nitrogen contained in the air as a main component acts essentially as ballast gas. To reduce the exhaust gas volume has gone over to the burner with an oxygen-containing To operate gas as an oxidizing agent, the oxygen content is increased compared to the oxygen content of air. This procedure has the advantage that due to the lower nitrogen content, the flame temperature increases and the heat content in the exhaust gas is reduced, whereby a higher thermal efficiency can be achieved and the formation of nitrogen oxides is advantageously reduced.
Für die Erfindung ist sowohl Luft als Oxidationsmittel geeignet, wie auch sauerstoffhaltiges Gas mit einem gegenüber dem Sauerstoffgehalt von Luft erhöhten Sauerstoffgehalt Der Vorteil beim Einsatz von Luft besteht in der ständigen und kostenlosen Verfügbarkeit. Die Vorteile des höheren Sauerstoffgehalts wurden bereits erläutert.For the invention, both air is suitable as an oxidizing agent, as well as oxygen-containing gas with an oxygen content of air increased oxygen content The advantage of using air is the constant and free availability. The advantages of the higher oxygen content have already been explained.
Gerne wird als sauerstoffhaltiges Gas Luft eingesetzt. Diese steht stets überall kostenlos zur Verfügung.Gladly, air is used as the oxygen-containing gas. This is always available everywhere for free.
Gemäß einer weiteren Ausgestaltung der Erfindung wird als sauerstoffhaltiges Gas sauerstoffangereicherte Luft eingesetzt. Diese bietet den Vorteil, dass sie immer noch preiswert ist und aber auch bereits ansatzweise die Vorteile des Einsatzes von Sauerstoff für die Verbrennung zeigt, die in dem gegenüber Luft vermindertem Stickstoffgehalt und der höheren erzielbaren Verbrennungstemperatur liegen.According to a further embodiment of the invention, oxygen-enriched air is used as the oxygen-containing gas. This has the advantage that it is still inexpensive and also already partially shows the benefits of using oxygen for combustion, which are in the air reduced nitrogen content and the higher achievable combustion temperature.
Gemäß einer bevorzugten Ausgestaltung der Erfindung wird als sauerstoffhaltiges Gas ein Gas mit einem Sauerstoffgehalt größer als der Sauerstoffgehalt von Luft, insbesonder mit einem Sauerstoffgehalt größer als 30 Vol.% eingesetzt. Die eben beschrieben Vorteile von Sauerstoff im Oxidationsmittel für eine Verbrennung sind bei dieser Ausgestaltung stärker ausgeprägt.According to a preferred embodiment of the invention is used as the oxygen-containing gas, a gas having an oxygen content greater than the oxygen content of air, in particular with an oxygen content greater than 30 vol.%. The just described advantages of oxygen in the oxidizing agent for combustion are more pronounced in this embodiment.
Gemäß einer besonders bevorzugten Ausgestaltung der Erfindung wird als sauerstoffhaltiges Gas ein Gas mit einem Sauerstoffgehalt größer als 70 Vol.%, insbesondere größer als 99,5 Vol% eingesetzt. Bei dieser Ausgestaltung sind die Vorteile von Sauerstoff maximal ausgeprägt, allerdings steigen die Kosten für das Oxidationsmittel damit an, so dass für jede Anwendung eine Abwägung stattfinden sollte, welcher Sauerstoffgehalt technisch wünschenswert oder erforderlich und wirtschaftlich vertretbar ist. Bevorzugt wird dem Brenngasstrom eine Drallströmungen aufgeprägt. Dabei besteht der Vorteil darin, dass eine gute Vermischung des Brennstoffs mit dem dem Sauerstoff bei leicht verkürzter Flamme entsteht. Gemäß einer anderen vorteilhaften Ausführungsform der Erfindung wird dem Strom des sauerstoffhaltigen Gases eine Drallströmungen aufgeprägt. Dies ist vorteilhaft, da die Flamme sich auch hier etwas verkürzt und der Brenner sich konstruktiv etwas einfacher fertigen läßt. Gemäß einer besonders bevorzugten Ausführungsform der Erfindung wird dem Brenngasstrom und dem Strom des sauerstoffhaltigen Gases zueinander gleichsinnige Drallströmungen aufgeprägt. Dabei besteht der Vorteil darin, dass die Flamme sehr kurz und leise ist. - ' Eine weitere Ausgestaltung der Erfindung sieht vor, dass dem Brenngasstrom und dem Strom des sauerstoffhaltigen Gases zueinander gegenläufige Drallströmungen aufgeprägt werden. Dies ist für den Fall zu empfehlen, dass eine extrem kurze, buschige Flamme benötigt wird. Ein wesentlicher Vorteil der Erfindung besteht darin, dass die Veränderung der Flammenlänge stufenlos (ohne die Brennstoffmenge während des Betriebes zu verändern) geändert werden kann. Es müssen auch keine Veränderungen am Brenner (wie z. B. Düsenwechsel) vorgenommen werden. So kann die momentane Flammenlänge auf bis zu ein Drittel ihrer maximalen Länge verringert werden.According to a particularly preferred embodiment of the invention, a gas having an oxygen content greater than 70% by volume, in particular greater than 99.5% by volume, is used as the oxygen-containing gas. In this embodiment, the benefits of oxygen are maximally pronounced, but the cost of the oxidizing agent increases, so that for each application a balance should take place, which oxygen content is technically desirable or necessary and economically justifiable. Preferably, the swirling gas flow is imparted with a swirling flow. The advantage here is that a good mixing of the fuel with the oxygen with a slightly shortened flame arises. According to another advantageous embodiment of the invention, a swirl flow is impressed on the flow of the oxygen-containing gas. This is advantageous because the flame is somewhat shortened here and the burner can be structurally somewhat easier to manufacture. According to a particularly preferred embodiment of the invention, the combustion gas flow and the flow of the oxygen-containing gas are impressed on each other in the same direction swirl flows. The advantage here is that the flame is very short and quiet. - ' A further embodiment of the invention provides that the fuel gas flow and the flow of the oxygen-containing gas to each other opposite swirl flows are impressed. This is recommended in case an extremely short, bushy flame is needed. A significant advantage of the invention is that the change in the flame length can be changed continuously (without changing the amount of fuel during operation). There are no changes to the burner (such as nozzle change) are made. Thus, the current flame length can be reduced to one third of its maximum length.
Die Erfindung ist besonders für Prozesse geeignet, bei denen festes Material zu flüssigem Material geschmolzen wird, da sich hier die schmelzenden Materialien in ihrer Form verändern und die Flammenform dieser Änderung angepaßt werden kann. Ein weiterer großer Vorteil der Erfindung ist, dass die Veränderung der Flammenlänge stufenlos erfolgt und während des Betriebs des Brenners die Aufprägung einer Drallströmung begonnen und auch wieder beendet werden kann, ohne dass der Brenner abgestellt werden müßte und ohne dass irgendwelche baulichen Veränderungen, wie beispielsweise das Wechseln einer herkömmlichen Drallscheibe notwendig wäre. Die Veränderung der Form der Flamme erfolgt über die Änderung mindestens einer der beiden Gasströmungen allein über die Einstellung des Öffnungsgrades der beschriebene Ventile, was wiederum über die Steuer- oder Regeleinrichtung geschieht, die die Erfindung aufweist.The invention is particularly suitable for processes in which solid material is melted into liquid material, since here the melting materials change in shape and the flame shape of this change can be adapted. Another great advantage of the invention is that the change in the flame length is infinitely and during the operation of the burner, the impression of a swirl flow started and can be stopped again, without the burner would have to be turned off and without any structural changes, such as Changing a conventional swirl disk would be necessary. The change in the shape of the flame takes place via the change at least one of the two gas flows alone on the setting of the opening degree of the valves described, which in turn is done via the control or regulating device having the invention.
Der erfindungsgemäße außenmischende Brenner eignet sich besonders zum Schmelzen von Metallen oder Glas.The external mixing burner according to the invention is particularly suitable for melting metals or glass.
Die Erfindung sowie weitere Einzelheiten der Erfindung werden im Folgenden anhand eines in den Figuren dargestellten Ausführungsbeispiels näher erläutert. Hierbei zeigen die FigurenThe invention and further details of the invention are explained in more detail below with reference to an embodiment shown in FIGS. Here are the figures
Figur 1 einen erfindungsge'mäßen Brenner1 shows a erfindungsge ' MAESSEN burner
Figur 2 einen Schnitt entlang der Linie A - AFigure 2 is a section along the line A - A
Figur 3 einen Schnitt entlang der Linie B - BFigure 3 is a section along the line B - B.
Im Einzelnen zeigen die Figuren einen Brenner 1 mit einem Brennerkopf 2 , einem Rohr 4 für ein sauerstoffhaltiges Gas und mit einem Brenngasrohr 3 (nicht dargestellt). Die beiden Rohre sind konzentrisch angeordnet, und zwar so, dass das Brenngasrohr 3 innerhalb des Rohres 4 angebracht ist. Ein so aufgebauter Brenner 1 wird auch Parallelstrombrenner genannt. Als Brenngas wird beispielsweise Erdgas eingesetzt.In detail, the figures show a burner 1 with a burner head 2, a tube 4 for an oxygen-containing gas and with a fuel gas tube 3 (not shown). The two tubes are arranged concentrically, in such a way that the fuel gas tube 3 is mounted within the tube 4. A thus constructed burner 1 is also called parallel flow burner. As fuel gas, for example, natural gas is used.
Ein beispielhafter Betrieb des Brenners 1 , bei dem beide Gasströme gleichsinnig gedrallt werden, sieht folgendermaßen aus: Erdgas strömt von der Gaszuleitung 6 bei geöffnetem Ventil 10 über die Leitung 6a in die Drallkammer 8. Dort wird dem Ergasstrom eine Drallströmung aufgeprägt. Das Ventil 11 ist dabei geschlossen.An exemplary operation of the burner 1, in which both gas streams are twisted in the same direction, looks like this: Natural gas flows from the gas supply line 6 with the valve 10 open via the line 6a into the swirl chamber 8. There, a swirl flow is impressed on the Ergas stream. The valve 11 is closed.
Sauerstoffangereicherte Luft wird über die Gaszuleitung 7 und die Leitung 7a in die Drallkammer 9. Dort wird diesem Gasstrom eine dem Ergasstrom gleichsinnige Drallströmung aufgeprägt. Dabei ist das Ventil 12 geöffnet und das Ventil 13 geschlossen.Oxygen-enriched air is introduced into the swirl chamber 9 via the gas feed line 7 and the line 7a. There, a swirl flow of the same direction is impressed on this gas stream. In this case, the valve 12 is opened and the valve 13 is closed.
Der Strom der sauerstoffangereicherten Luft verlässt die Drallkammer und wird in das Rohr 4 eingetragen. Der Erdgasstrom wird in das Brenngasrohr 3 eingetragen. Am Brennerkopf 2 mischen sich die beiden Gasströme und es entsteht eine charakteristische Flamme. Die Form der entstehenden Flamme hängt direkt von der Einstellung der Ventile 10, 11 , 12 und 13 ab.The flow of oxygen-enriched air leaves the swirl chamber and is introduced into the tube 4. The natural gas stream is introduced into the fuel gas tube 3. At the burner head 2, the two gas streams mix and there is a characteristic flame. The shape of the resulting flame depends directly on the setting of the valves 10, 11, 12 and 13.
Beispielsweise verlängert sich die Flamme, wenn der Brenngasstrom bei geöffnetem Ventil 11 und geschlossenem Ventil 10 zugegeben wird, d. . dem Erdgasstrom keine Drallströmung aufgeprägt wird. Sie verlängert sich im Vergleich zu der soeben beschriebenen Flamme, bei der beiden Gasströmen eine Drallströmung aufgeprägt wird.For example, if the fuel gas flow is added with the valve 11 open and the valve 10 closed, the flame will increase. , the natural gas flow no swirl flow is impressed. It lengthens in comparison to the flame just described, in which two gas flows a swirl flow is impressed.
Ebenso kann lediglich der Erdgasstrom gedrallt werden und der Strom des sauerstoffhaltigen Gases ohne Drall über die Leitung 7b und das geöffnete Ventil 13 dem Rohr 4 zugeführt werden.Likewise, only the natural gas stream can be twisted and the flow of oxygen-containing gas without swirl via the line 7b and the open valve 13 to the tube 4 are supplied.
Durch Ausbildung der Ventile 10, 11, 12 und/oder 13 als Regelventile werden Zwischenstellungen, also einstellbare Öffnungsgrade dieser Ventile ermöglicht. Dadurch wird die Form der Flamme stufenlos verstellbar. Die Änderung der Form der Flamme erfolgt problemlos während des Betriebs des Brenners 1 mittels der Steuer- oder Regeleinrichtung für die Ventile 10, 11 , 12, 13.By forming the valves 10, 11, 12 and / or 13 as control valves intermediate positions, ie adjustable degrees of opening of these valves are possible. As a result, the shape of the flame is infinitely adjustable. The change in the shape of the flame takes place without difficulty during the operation of the burner 1 by means of the control or regulating device for the valves 10, 11, 12, 13.
Als Randbedingungen für die Form der Flamme müssen die Zufuhrmengen an Brenngas und sauerstoffhaltigen Gas genommen werden. Die einmal gewählten Zufuhrmengen bleiben während des Betriebs des Brenners konstant. Lediglich durch die Wahl der Ventilstellungen für die Ventile 10, 11, 12, 13 wird eine kurze, buschige und breite Flamme bis hin zu einer langen, schmalen Flamme erzeugt. As boundary conditions for the shape of the flame, the supply quantities of fuel gas and oxygen-containing gas must be taken. The once selected supply quantities remain constant during the operation of the burner. Only by the choice of valve positions for the valves 10, 11, 12, 13 a short, bushy and wide flame is generated up to a long, narrow flame.

Claims

Patentansprüche claims
1.• Außenmischender Brenner (1) mit einem Brennerkopf (2), mindestens einem Brenngasrohr (3) und mindestens einem Rohr (4) für ein sauerstoffhaltiges Gas, wobei der Brennerkopf (2) Austrittsöffnungen aus dem Brenngasrohr (3) und aus dem Rohr (4) für das sauerstoffhaltiges Gas aufweist, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass Gaszuleitungen (6, 7) für Brenngas und für sauerstoffhaltiges Gas vorgesehen sind, die je mit einer Quelle für Brenngas bzw. für sauerstoffhaltiges Gas in Verbindung stehen und von denen mindestens eine Gaszuleitung (6, 7) exzentrisch in eine Drallkammer (8, 9) mündet, die zwischen der Gaszuleitung (6) und dem Brenngasrohr (3) und/oder zwischen der Gaszuleitung (7) und dem Rohr (4) für sauerstoffhaltiges Gas angebracht ist.1. • Externally mixing burner (1) with a burner head (2), at least one fuel gas pipe (3) and at least one tube (4) for an oxygen-containing gas, the burner head (2) outlet openings from the fuel gas pipe (3) and from the pipe (4) for the oxygen-containing gas, characterized in that gas supply lines (6, 7) are provided for fuel gas and for oxygen-containing gas, which are each associated with a source of fuel gas or oxygen-containing gas and of which at least one gas supply ( 6, 7) eccentrically in a swirl chamber (8, 9) opens, which is mounted between the gas supply line (6) and the fuel gas pipe (3) and / or between the gas supply line (7) and the tube (4) for oxygen-containing gas.
2. Brenner (1) nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass mindestens eine der Gaszuleitungen (6, 7) sich stromaufwärts vor der Drallkammer (8, 9) in zwei Leitungen (6a, 6b, 7a, 7b) aufteilt, wobei eine dieser Leitungen (6a, 7a) exzentrisch in die Drallkammer (8, 9) mündet und die andere dieser Leitungen (6b, 7b) direkt in das Brenngasrohr (3) bzw. in das Rohr (4) für sauerstoffhaltiges Gas mündet.2. burner (1) according to claim 1, characterized in that at least one of the gas supply lines (6, 7) upstream of the swirl chamber (8, 9) in two lines (6a, 6b, 7a, 7b), one of these Lines (6a, 7a) eccentrically in the swirl chamber (8, 9) opens and the other of these lines (6b, 7b) opens directly into the fuel gas pipe (3) and into the tube (4) for oxygen-containing gas.
3. Brenner (1) nach Anspruch 1 oder 2, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass in den Gaszuleitungen (6, 7) Ventile (10, 11 , 12, 13) vorgesehen sind, insbesondere dass in dem Teil der Gaszuleitungen (6, 7) Ventile (10, 11 , 12, 13) vorgesehen sind, in dem mindestens eine Gaszuleitung (6, 7) bereits in zwei Leitungen (6a, 6b, 7a, 7b) geteilt ist, und eine Steuer- oder Regeleinrichtung zur Verfügung steht, die die Öffnungsgrade der Ventile (10, 11 , 12, 13) steuert oder regelt, wodurch die Form der Flamme des Brenners (1) einstellbar ist3. burner (1) according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that in the gas supply lines (6, 7) valves (10, 11, 12, 13) are provided, in particular that in the part of the gas supply lines (6, 7) valves (10, 11, 12, 13) are provided, in which at least one gas supply line (6, 7) already in two lines (6a, 6b, 7a, 7b) is divided, and a control or regulating device is available, the Opening degrees of the valves (10, 11, 12, 13) controls or regulates, whereby the shape of the flame of the burner (1) is adjustable
4. Brenner (1) nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 3, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Ventile (10, 11, 12, 13) als Magnetventile (10, 11 , 12, 13) ausgebildet sind.4. burner (1) according to one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that the valves (10, 11, 12, 13) as a solenoid valves (10, 11, 12, 13) are formed.
Brenner (1) nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 4, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Drallkammer (8, 9) in einem Schnitt senkrecht zur Längsachse des Brenngasrohres (3) einen kreisförmigen Querschnitt aufweist. Burner (1) according to one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that the swirl chamber (8, 9) in a section perpendicular to the longitudinal axis of the fuel gas pipe (3) has a circular cross-section.
6. Brenner (1) nach Anspruch 5, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Gaszuleitung (6, 7, 6a, 7a) tangential in die Drallkammer (8, 9) mündet.6. burner (1) according to claim 5, characterized in that the gas supply line (6, 7, 6a, 7a) tangentially into the swirl chamber (8, 9) opens.
7. Verfahren zum Betrieb eines außeπmischenden Brenners (1), der mindestens ein Brenngasrohr (3) und mindestens ein Rohr (4) für sauerstoffhaltiges Gas aufweist, durch die Brenngas bzw. sauerstoffhaltiges Gas zum Brennerkopf (2) strömen, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass das Brenngas und/oder das sauerstoffhaltige Gas exzentrisch in eine Drallkammer (8, 9) eingetragen wird, in der dem Brenngas bzw. dem sauerstoffhaltigen Gas eine Drallströmung aufgeprägt wird und das Brenngas bzw. sauerstoffhaltige Gas nach Verlassen der Drallkammer (8, 9) dem Brenngasrohr (3) bzw. dem Rohr (4) für sauerstoffhaltiges Gas zugeführt wird.7. A method for operating a ausußπmischenden burner (1) having at least one fuel gas pipe (3) and at least one tube (4) for oxygen-containing gas through which fuel gas or oxygen-containing gas to the burner head (2) flow, characterized in that the Fuel gas and / or the oxygen-containing gas is introduced eccentrically into a swirl chamber (8, 9), in which the fuel gas or the oxygen-containing gas a swirl flow is impressed and the fuel gas or oxygen-containing gas leaving the swirl chamber (8, 9) the fuel gas pipe (3) or the tube (4) is supplied for oxygen-containing gas.
8. Verfahren nach Anspruch 7, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die pro Zeiteinheit über die Drallkammer (8, 9) und ohne die Drallkammer (8, 8. The method according to claim 7, characterized in that the per unit time on the swirl chamber (8, 9) and without the swirl chamber (8,
9) dem Brenner (1) zugeführten Mengen an Brenngas und sauerstoffhaltigem Gas gesteuert und/oder geregelt werden, wobei das Brenngas und das sauerstoffhaltige Gas über Ventile (10, 11, 12, 13) geleitet werden, deren Öffnungsgrade so gesteuert oder geregelt werden, dass der Brenner (1) eine Flamme erzeugt, die eine gewünschte und über die Steuerung und/oder Regelung einstellbare Form aufweist. ' 9. Verfahren nach Anspruch 7 oder 8, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass als sauerstoffhaltiges Gas Luft eingesetzt wird.9) supplied to the burner (1) amounts of fuel gas and oxygen-containing gas and / or regulated, the fuel gas and the oxygen-containing gas via valves (10, 11, 12, 13) are passed, the opening degrees are controlled or regulated, the burner (1) generates a flame which has a desired shape which can be adjusted via the control and / or regulation. '9. A method according to claim 7 or 8, characterized in that, as oxygen-containing gas, air is used.
10. Verfahren nach Anspruch 7 oder 8, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass als sauerstoffhaltiges Gas sauerstoffangereicherte Luft eingesetzt wird,10. The method according to claim 7 or 8, characterized in that oxygen-enriched air is used as the oxygen-containing gas,
11. Verfahren nach Anspruch 7 oder 8, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass als sauerstoffhaltiges Gas ein Gas mit einem Sauerstoffgehalt größer als der Sauerstoffgehalt von Luft, insbesonder mit einem Sauerstoffgehalt größer als 30 Vol. % eingesetzt wird.11. The method according to claim 7 or 8, characterized in that as the oxygen-containing gas, a gas having an oxygen content greater than the oxygen content of air, in particular with an oxygen content greater than 30 vol.% Is used.
12. Verfahren nach Anspruch 11 , dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass als sauerstoffhaltiges Gas ein Gas mit einem Sauerstoffgehalt größer als 70 Vol.%, insbesondere größer als 99,5 Vol% eingesetzt wird. 12. The method according to claim 11, characterized in that a gas having an oxygen content greater than 70 vol.%, In particular greater than 99.5 vol% is used as the oxygen-containing gas.
13. Verfahren nach einem der Ansprüche 7 bis 12, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass dem Brenngasstrom eine Drallströmungen aufgeprägt wird.13. The method according to any one of claims 7 to 12, characterized in that the fuel gas flow a swirl flows is impressed.
14. Verfahren nach einem der Ansprüche 7 bis 13, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass dem Strom des sauerstoffhaltigen Gases eine Drallströmungen aufgeprägt wird.14. The method according to any one of claims 7 to 13, characterized in that the flow of the oxygen-containing gas, a swirl flows is impressed.
15. Verfahren nach einem der Ansprüche 7 bis 14, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass dem Brenngasstrom und dem Strom des sauerstoffhaltigen Gases zueinander gleichsinnige Drallströmungen aufgeprägt werden.15. The method according to any one of claims 7 to 14, characterized in that the combustion gas flow and the flow of the oxygen-containing gas to each other in the same direction swirl flows are impressed.
16. Verfahren nach einem der Ansprüche 7 bis 14, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass dem Brenngasstrom und dem Strom des sauerstoffhaltigen Gases zueinander gegenläufige Drallströmungen aufgeprägt werden.16. The method according to any one of claims 7 to 14, characterized in that the fuel gas flow and the flow of the oxygen-containing gas to each other opposite swirl flows are impressed.
17. Verwendung des außenmischenden Brenners (1) nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 6 zum Schmelzen von Metall oder Glas. 17. Use of the external mixing burner (1) according to one of claims 1 to 6 for melting metal or glass.
EP05700928A 2004-01-22 2005-01-14 Flexible nozzle mixing burner comprising a swirl chamber Not-in-force EP1706669B1 (en)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
PL05700928T PL1706669T3 (en) 2004-01-22 2005-01-14 Flexible nozzle mixing burner comprising a swirl chamber

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE102004003343A DE102004003343A1 (en) 2004-01-22 2004-01-22 Flexible parallel flow burner with swirl chamber
PCT/EP2005/000332 WO2005071314A2 (en) 2004-01-22 2005-01-14 Flexible nozzle mixing burner comprising a swirl chamber

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EP1706669A2 true EP1706669A2 (en) 2006-10-04
EP1706669B1 EP1706669B1 (en) 2010-07-14

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US (1) US20070287108A1 (en)
EP (1) EP1706669B1 (en)
JP (1) JP2007518959A (en)
KR (1) KR20060132676A (en)
AT (1) ATE474190T1 (en)
AU (1) AU2005206625A1 (en)
BR (1) BRPI0507029A (en)
CA (1) CA2554034A1 (en)
DE (2) DE102004003343A1 (en)
EA (1) EA008661B1 (en)
ES (1) ES2349012T3 (en)
NO (1) NO330418B1 (en)
PL (1) PL1706669T3 (en)
WO (1) WO2005071314A2 (en)
ZA (1) ZA200604745B (en)

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KR20060132676A (en) 2006-12-21
PL1706669T3 (en) 2010-12-31
CA2554034A1 (en) 2005-08-04
DE502005009897D1 (en) 2010-08-26
US20070287108A1 (en) 2007-12-13
BRPI0507029A (en) 2007-06-05
ES2349012T3 (en) 2010-12-21
ZA200604745B (en) 2007-11-28
ATE474190T1 (en) 2010-07-15
DE102004003343A1 (en) 2005-08-11
WO2005071314A2 (en) 2005-08-04
EA008661B1 (en) 2007-06-29
AU2005206625A1 (en) 2005-08-04
EA200601111A1 (en) 2007-02-27
EP1706669B1 (en) 2010-07-14
NO20063738L (en) 2006-09-21
JP2007518959A (en) 2007-07-12
NO330418B1 (en) 2011-04-11
WO2005071314A3 (en) 2005-09-09

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