EP1706208A2 - Procede pour separer des meubles rembourres en fractions utiles et dispositif a cet effet - Google Patents

Procede pour separer des meubles rembourres en fractions utiles et dispositif a cet effet

Info

Publication number
EP1706208A2
EP1706208A2 EP04802761A EP04802761A EP1706208A2 EP 1706208 A2 EP1706208 A2 EP 1706208A2 EP 04802761 A EP04802761 A EP 04802761A EP 04802761 A EP04802761 A EP 04802761A EP 1706208 A2 EP1706208 A2 EP 1706208A2
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
fraction
wood
fine
separator
piece size
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Withdrawn
Application number
EP04802761A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Inventor
Timon Gruber
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Fraunhofer Gesellschaft zur Forderung der Angewandten Forschung eV
Original Assignee
Fraunhofer Gesellschaft zur Forderung der Angewandten Forschung eV
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Priority claimed from DE2003158440 external-priority patent/DE10358440B4/de
Priority claimed from DE200410022156 external-priority patent/DE102004022156A1/de
Application filed by Fraunhofer Gesellschaft zur Forderung der Angewandten Forschung eV filed Critical Fraunhofer Gesellschaft zur Forderung der Angewandten Forschung eV
Publication of EP1706208A2 publication Critical patent/EP1706208A2/fr
Withdrawn legal-status Critical Current

Links

Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B03—SEPARATION OF SOLID MATERIALS USING LIQUIDS OR USING PNEUMATIC TABLES OR JIGS; MAGNETIC OR ELECTROSTATIC SEPARATION OF SOLID MATERIALS FROM SOLID MATERIALS OR FLUIDS; SEPARATION BY HIGH-VOLTAGE ELECTRIC FIELDS
    • B03B—SEPARATING SOLID MATERIALS USING LIQUIDS OR USING PNEUMATIC TABLES OR JIGS
    • B03B9/00—General arrangement of separating plant, e.g. flow sheets
    • B03B9/06—General arrangement of separating plant, e.g. flow sheets specially adapted for refuse
    • B03B9/061—General arrangement of separating plant, e.g. flow sheets specially adapted for refuse the refuse being industrial
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B27—WORKING OR PRESERVING WOOD OR SIMILAR MATERIAL; NAILING OR STAPLING MACHINES IN GENERAL
    • B27N—MANUFACTURE BY DRY PROCESSES OF ARTICLES, WITH OR WITHOUT ORGANIC BINDING AGENTS, MADE FROM PARTICLES OR FIBRES CONSISTING OF WOOD OR OTHER LIGNOCELLULOSIC OR LIKE ORGANIC MATERIAL
    • B27N3/00—Manufacture of substantially flat articles, e.g. boards, from particles or fibres
    • B27N3/007—Manufacture of substantially flat articles, e.g. boards, from particles or fibres and at least partly composed of recycled material
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B03—SEPARATION OF SOLID MATERIALS USING LIQUIDS OR USING PNEUMATIC TABLES OR JIGS; MAGNETIC OR ELECTROSTATIC SEPARATION OF SOLID MATERIALS FROM SOLID MATERIALS OR FLUIDS; SEPARATION BY HIGH-VOLTAGE ELECTRIC FIELDS
    • B03B—SEPARATING SOLID MATERIALS USING LIQUIDS OR USING PNEUMATIC TABLES OR JIGS
    • B03B9/00—General arrangement of separating plant, e.g. flow sheets
    • B03B9/06—General arrangement of separating plant, e.g. flow sheets specially adapted for refuse
    • B03B2009/068—Specific treatment of shredder light fraction
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02W—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO WASTEWATER TREATMENT OR WASTE MANAGEMENT
    • Y02W30/00—Technologies for solid waste management
    • Y02W30/50—Reuse, recycling or recovery technologies
    • Y02W30/52—Mechanical processing of waste for the recovery of materials, e.g. crushing, shredding, separation or disassembly

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a method for processing upholstered furniture in useful fractions and a device for the material processing of upholstered furniture.
  • DE 101 46 512 C1 describes a system for cleaning wood-containing material. This method is suitable for loose materials such as residual wood, recycled wood and other waste wood, but not for products in which the different substances are in solid material combinations. This process is also unable to completely separate non-ferrous metals, in particular aluminum, from the stream of wood.
  • DE 299 19 773 U1 describes a device for separating recyclable waste. However, the separation technology used is only suitable for large-sized materials. It is not possible to separate materials in composite materials.
  • the object of the present invention is to provide a method and a device for the treatment of upholstered furniture, in which the substance mixtures are separated as far as possible and the pollutant components are separated.
  • this object is achieved by a method having the features of claim 1 and an apparatus having the features of claim 9.
  • the invention further relates to a chrome separator for separating chrome from crushed upholstered furniture according to claim 17.
  • the method according to the invention for processing upholstered furniture in useful fractions provides that the upholstered furniture is mechanically comminuted into a material mixture in a first stage and the comminuted material mixture is separated into a light fraction and a heavy fraction, the light fraction being discharged from the process stream.
  • the heavy fraction is divided into a coarse fraction and a fine fraction, from which iron and non-ferrous metals are extracted separately.
  • biogenic fuel from wood with an impurity component is removed from the process streams of the coarse and fine fractions.
  • the coarse fraction is collected as a raw material for chipboard production; the fine fraction is mechanically separated from material components with a piece size smaller than 1.25 mm and also collected for the production of chipboard.
  • a further development of the invention provides that the upholstered furniture is mechanically comminuted in a first stage to form a material mixture with a piece size of 60 to 100 mm.
  • the material mixture is then mechanically shredded to a size of ⁇ 40 mm, the shredded material mixture being separated into a light fraction and a heavy fraction in a wind sifter, the light fraction being discharged from the process stream.
  • the heavy fraction is divided via a sieve into a coarse wood fraction with contaminants and a piece size larger than 10 mm to 15 mm, preferably larger than 12 mm and a fine wood fraction with contaminants and a piece size smaller than 10 mm to 15 mm, preferably smaller than 12 mm.
  • iron and non-ferrous metals are extracted from the wood fractions.
  • biogenic fuel from wood with 5 to 10% impurities is removed from the process streams of the wood fractions.
  • the coarse wood fraction is collected as a raw material for particle board production.
  • the fine wood fraction is mechanically separated from material components with a piece size ⁇ 1.25 mm and collected for the production of chipboard.
  • An embodiment of the method provides that the post-shredded material mixture is sifted in an upward air stream, namely by density, piece size and / or shape.
  • the re-comminuted material mixture is separated into a heavy fraction and a light fraction in a ZZ classifier.
  • a mechanical sieve is provided to separate the coarse wood fraction and the fine wood fraction.
  • a sliding crank vibrating screen is used to divide the material into two grain size classes for separate treatment, namely a grain size class larger than 10 mm to 15 mm, preferably larger than 12 mm and a grain size class smaller than 10 mm to 15 mm, preferably smaller than 12 mm.
  • This division is advantageous in order to be able to carry out a material separation with the required purity.
  • a further training provides that the iron materials are removed from the wood fraction or the wood fractions by means of magnetic separators, and the non-iron materials are separated out of the wood fractions via separation tables.
  • biogenic fuel made of wood with 5 - 10% impurities will be sorted out from the process streams of the wood fractions via separation tables.
  • the biogenic fuel is generated with the separation table as a so-called light fraction and contains 95 -90% wood and 5 -10% impurities. This biogenic fuel can be used energetically in incineration plants without further processing.
  • the device according to the invention for the material processing of upholstered furniture provides a mechanical pre-shredder, a post-shredder, a sifter downstream of the post-shredder with a discharge device for a light fraction and a separating device for a heavy fraction.
  • the separating device allows sorting into different piece sizes and this separating device is followed by iron separators and separating tables for non-ferrous metals and biogenic fuels.
  • a chrome separator is that Separating tables arranged downstream and a separator or filter for a fine fraction with a piece size smaller than 1.25 mm is also provided.
  • the separating device is designed as a sieve device which is permeable for a piece size smaller than 10 mm to 15 mm, preferably smaller than 12 mm.
  • a chrome separator is arranged after the separation tables.
  • the iron separator is advantageously designed as a magnetic separator and the sieve device is a sliding crank vibrating sieve.
  • the chrome separator has a knife ring chipper between a separating sieve for the fine fraction and a discharge device for the fine fraction with a piece size> 1.25 mm.
  • a circulating gas blower is advantageously provided which feeds an air flow from the separating sieve to the knife ring chipper.
  • a fine filter is arranged in front of the circulating gas blower in order to have air that is as free as possible.
  • the discharge device is designed as a cyclone separator with a cellular wheel lock.
  • Figure 1 - shows a flow diagram of the preparation
  • Figure 2 - shows a schematic representation of a chrome separator.
  • the upholstered furniture is introduced into a pre-shredder 10 and mechanically shredded into a material mixture with a grain size between 60 and 100 mm.
  • a pre-shredder 10 mechanically shredded into a material mixture with a grain size between 60 and 100 mm.
  • smaller particle sizes it is also possible for smaller particle sizes to be obtained in the pre-shredding unit 10.
  • the pre-shredded material is then fed to a post-shredder, which shreds the material mixture to a grain size ⁇ 40 mm and then feeds it to a sifter 12, in particular an air sifter.
  • This air classifier 12 has a discharge device for high-calorific fuels such as plastics or other light materials that can be supplied for thermal recycling.
  • the removed light fraction consists of 40% foam. It also contains around 55% wood dust and other light materials such as paper and foils that are used occasionally.
  • the light fraction can be used as a fuel in combustion plants because it is traded as a high-calorie fraction with a calorific value of 20 MJ / kg.
  • the sieve device 13 is permeable to the constituents of the heavy fraction with a piece size of ⁇ 12 mm.
  • This screening device is usually used as a sliding crank vibrating screen.
  • the heavy fraction is divided into two grain size classes by this screening device 13, namely a grain size of 0 to 12 mm and a grain size> 12 mm.
  • the heavy fraction with a grain size ⁇ 12 mm is separated from the heavy fraction with a grain size> 12 mm and in a separate iron separator 17 separated from the iron or other magnetic materials that are discharged.
  • the iron separator 17 is preferably a magnetic separator.
  • the fine wood fraction ie the heavy fraction with a grain size ⁇ 12 mm
  • a separating table 18 the non-ferrous metals being sorted out from the fine wood fraction.
  • biogenic fuel preferably wood with leather and textile, is sorted out. This biogenic fuel contains 90% wood and 10% impurities and can be used energetically in incineration plants without further processing.
  • the coarse wood fraction ie wood with impurities and a grain size> 12 mm
  • an iron separator 14 in particular a magnetic separator, the iron being discharged from the process stream.
  • 15 and 16 non-ferrous metals and biogenic fuel are removed via separation tables analogous to the fine wood fraction and recycled accordingly.
  • the biogenic fuel has been discharged from the separation table 16
  • the wood fraction produced has a pollutant content of far below 0.5%, only a few pieces of rubber are still found in the wood fraction. Further experiments have shown that this proportion of rubber or contaminants has no influence on the mechanical properties of the chipboard produced.
  • the producible chipboard qualities are shown in the table using an example:
  • a chrome separator 20 is shown in detail in a schematic illustration in FIG.
  • the chips of the fine wood fraction are introduced from the separation table 19 into the chrome separator 20 in the feed direction 29.
  • This has a knife ring chipper 21, with which the supplied chips are comminuted.
  • a separating sieve 22 is arranged beneath the knife ring chipper 21 and is permeable to the fine fraction with a grain size of ⁇ 1.25 mm.
  • the chips with a grain size of more than 1.25 mm are fed to a cyclone separator 23, at the lower end of which a cellular wheel sluice 24 is arranged for the chips to be discharged.
  • the chip extraction fan 28 sucks in the chips from the knife ring chipper 21, and the exhaust air is discharged in the direction of the arrow.
  • the chips are fed to the chipboard industry from the cellular wheel lock 24.
  • a discharge screw 25 for discharging the fine fraction is arranged below the separating sieve 22 and carries the predominant proportion of the impurities and in particular the chromium load.
  • the fine fraction is disposed of.
  • a circulating gas blower 27 is arranged, which circulates circulating gas from the separating sieve 22 via a fine filter 26 back to the knife ring chipper 21.
  • the claimed method makes it possible to prepare upholstered furniture and thereby generate three useful fractions, namely a wood fraction, which the required parameters for recycling, in particular with heavy metal pollution, e.g. chromium, and contains less than 0.5% rubber as a contaminant, a high-calorie fraction that contains no iron or non-ferrous metal components, and a biogenic fuel fraction that consists largely of wood and contains less than 10 contaminants % owns.
  • a wood fraction which the required parameters for recycling, in particular with heavy metal pollution, e.g. chromium, and contains less than 0.5% rubber as a contaminant
  • a high-calorie fraction that contains no iron or non-ferrous metal components
  • a biogenic fuel fraction that consists largely of wood and contains less than 10 contaminants % owns.
  • mechanical comminution is carried out, which is followed by mechanical separation by means of different vision processes. Dry sink-float processes are used for material separation. For example, the material is exposed to an upwash air flow and separated according to its density, grain size and

Landscapes

  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
  • Wood Science & Technology (AREA)
  • Forests & Forestry (AREA)
  • Solid Fuels And Fuel-Associated Substances (AREA)
  • Combined Means For Separation Of Solids (AREA)
  • Disintegrating Or Milling (AREA)

Abstract

L'invention concerne un procédé pour séparer des meubles rembourrés en fractions utiles. Ce procédé consiste, dans une première étape, à fractionner mécaniquement le meuble rembourré pour obtenir un mélange de matériaux d'une taille de morceaux comprise entre 60 et 100 mm, à exécuter ensuite un post-fractionnement mécanique du mélange de matériaux de façon à obtenir des morceaux d'une taille inférieure à 40 mm, à séparer le mélange de matériaux post-fractionné en une fraction légère et une fraction lourde dans un séparateur à air (13), la fraction légère étant extraite du flux de processus, à partager la fraction lourde par l'intermédiaire d'un filtre (10) en une fraction ligneuse grossière, présentant des impuretés et une taille de morceaux comprise entre 10 mm et 15 mm, de préférence supérieure à 12 mm, et une fraction ligneuse fine, présentant des impuretés et une taille de morceaux comprise entre 10 mm et 15 mm, de préférence inférieure à 12 mm, à extraire de façon séparée des métaux ferreux et non ferreux contenus dans les fractions ligneuses, à extraire le combustible biogène du bois présentant 5 à 10 % d'impuretés, contenu dans les flux des fractions ligneuses, à collecter la fraction ligneuse grossière comme matière première pour la fabrication de panneaux de particules puis à séparer mécaniquement la fraction ligneuse fine de constituants présentant une taille de morceaux inférieure à 1,25 mm et à collecter cette fraction fine pour la fabrication de panneaux de particules.
EP04802761A 2003-12-13 2004-11-19 Procede pour separer des meubles rembourres en fractions utiles et dispositif a cet effet Withdrawn EP1706208A2 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (3)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE2003158440 DE10358440B4 (de) 2003-12-13 2003-12-13 Verfahren zur Aufbereitung von Polstermöbeln in Nutzfraktionen und eine Vorrichtung dazu
DE200410022156 DE102004022156A1 (de) 2004-05-05 2004-05-05 Verfahren zur Aufbereitung von Polstermöbeln in Nutzfraktionen und eine Vorrichtung dazu
PCT/DE2004/002548 WO2005056194A2 (fr) 2003-12-13 2004-11-19 Procede pour separer des meubles rembourres en fractions utiles et dispositif a cet effet

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP1706208A2 true EP1706208A2 (fr) 2006-10-04

Family

ID=34680030

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP04802761A Withdrawn EP1706208A2 (fr) 2003-12-13 2004-11-19 Procede pour separer des meubles rembourres en fractions utiles et dispositif a cet effet

Country Status (2)

Country Link
EP (1) EP1706208A2 (fr)
WO (1) WO2005056194A2 (fr)

Families Citing this family (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR2963255B1 (fr) * 2010-07-29 2013-10-25 Cie Continentale Simmons Procede de recyclage de meubles, notamment de sommiers, nappe de materiau obtenue par un tel procede, et installation de recyclage associee.
FR2963256B1 (fr) * 2010-07-29 2014-04-04 Cie Continentale Simmons Procede de recyclage de produits d'ameublement, notamment de matelas, de sommiers et de sieges, nappe de materiau obtenue par un tel procede, et installation de recyclage associee

Family Cites Families (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE4205309A1 (de) * 1992-02-21 1993-08-26 Preussag Ag Verfahren zur aufbereitung von reststoffen aus altautomobilen
AT398534B (de) * 1992-11-27 1994-12-27 Wageneder Sbm Gmbh Verfahren zur aufbereitung von baumischschutt sowie anlage zur durchführung des verfahrens
DE4339960A1 (de) * 1993-11-24 1995-06-29 Alfred Kerber Verfahren zur Verwertung von Holz, insbesondere Altholz sowie Streumaterial
DE19539499C2 (de) * 1995-10-24 1998-05-07 Gres Josef Verfahren und Einrichtung zur Behandlung und Zerkleinerung von Altholz

Non-Patent Citations (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Title
See references of WO2005056194A2 *

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
WO2005056194A3 (fr) 2005-08-25
WO2005056194A2 (fr) 2005-06-23

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