EP1700933A1 - Fil electrique a ame en aluminium ou alliage d'aluminium - Google Patents

Fil electrique a ame en aluminium ou alliage d'aluminium Download PDF

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Publication number
EP1700933A1
EP1700933A1 EP06300107A EP06300107A EP1700933A1 EP 1700933 A1 EP1700933 A1 EP 1700933A1 EP 06300107 A EP06300107 A EP 06300107A EP 06300107 A EP06300107 A EP 06300107A EP 1700933 A1 EP1700933 A1 EP 1700933A1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
alloy
nickel
core
zinc
coating layer
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Granted
Application number
EP06300107A
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German (de)
English (en)
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EP1700933B1 (fr
Inventor
Christophe Brismalein
Francis Debladis
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Nexans SA
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Nexans SA
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Filing date
Publication date
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Publication of EP1700933A1 publication Critical patent/EP1700933A1/fr
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Publication of EP1700933B1 publication Critical patent/EP1700933B1/fr
Not-in-force legal-status Critical Current
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical

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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01B—CABLES; CONDUCTORS; INSULATORS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR CONDUCTIVE, INSULATING OR DIELECTRIC PROPERTIES
    • H01B1/00—Conductors or conductive bodies characterised by the conductive materials; Selection of materials as conductors
    • H01B1/02—Conductors or conductive bodies characterised by the conductive materials; Selection of materials as conductors mainly consisting of metals or alloys
    • H01B1/023—Alloys based on aluminium
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
    • C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
    • C23C22/00—Chemical surface treatment of metallic material by reaction of the surface with a reactive liquid, leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating, e.g. conversion coatings, passivation of metals
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
    • C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
    • C23C22/00—Chemical surface treatment of metallic material by reaction of the surface with a reactive liquid, leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating, e.g. conversion coatings, passivation of metals
    • C23C22/05—Chemical surface treatment of metallic material by reaction of the surface with a reactive liquid, leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating, e.g. conversion coatings, passivation of metals using aqueous solutions
    • C23C22/06—Chemical surface treatment of metallic material by reaction of the surface with a reactive liquid, leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating, e.g. conversion coatings, passivation of metals using aqueous solutions using aqueous acidic solutions with pH less than 6
    • C23C22/07—Chemical surface treatment of metallic material by reaction of the surface with a reactive liquid, leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating, e.g. conversion coatings, passivation of metals using aqueous solutions using aqueous acidic solutions with pH less than 6 containing phosphates
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
    • C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
    • C23C22/00—Chemical surface treatment of metallic material by reaction of the surface with a reactive liquid, leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating, e.g. conversion coatings, passivation of metals
    • C23C22/05—Chemical surface treatment of metallic material by reaction of the surface with a reactive liquid, leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating, e.g. conversion coatings, passivation of metals using aqueous solutions
    • C23C22/06—Chemical surface treatment of metallic material by reaction of the surface with a reactive liquid, leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating, e.g. conversion coatings, passivation of metals using aqueous solutions using aqueous acidic solutions with pH less than 6
    • C23C22/24—Chemical surface treatment of metallic material by reaction of the surface with a reactive liquid, leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating, e.g. conversion coatings, passivation of metals using aqueous solutions using aqueous acidic solutions with pH less than 6 containing hexavalent chromium compounds
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
    • C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
    • C23C22/00—Chemical surface treatment of metallic material by reaction of the surface with a reactive liquid, leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating, e.g. conversion coatings, passivation of metals
    • C23C22/05—Chemical surface treatment of metallic material by reaction of the surface with a reactive liquid, leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating, e.g. conversion coatings, passivation of metals using aqueous solutions
    • C23C22/06—Chemical surface treatment of metallic material by reaction of the surface with a reactive liquid, leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating, e.g. conversion coatings, passivation of metals using aqueous solutions using aqueous acidic solutions with pH less than 6
    • C23C22/40—Chemical surface treatment of metallic material by reaction of the surface with a reactive liquid, leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating, e.g. conversion coatings, passivation of metals using aqueous solutions using aqueous acidic solutions with pH less than 6 containing molybdates, tungstates or vanadates
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C25—ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PROCESSES; APPARATUS THEREFOR
    • C25D—PROCESSES FOR THE ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PRODUCTION OF COATINGS; ELECTROFORMING; APPARATUS THEREFOR
    • C25D5/00—Electroplating characterised by the process; Pretreatment or after-treatment of workpieces
    • C25D5/48—After-treatment of electroplated surfaces
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C25—ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PROCESSES; APPARATUS THEREFOR
    • C25D—PROCESSES FOR THE ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PRODUCTION OF COATINGS; ELECTROFORMING; APPARATUS THEREFOR
    • C25D7/00—Electroplating characterised by the article coated
    • C25D7/06—Wires; Strips; Foils
    • C25D7/0607—Wires

Definitions

  • the invention relates to an electric wire comprising a core of aluminum or aluminum alloy.
  • alumina formation occurs around the wire by oxidation in the air.
  • alumina is electrically resistant and consequently leads to an increase in the electrical contact resistance, which can create a break in the contact, in the case of low currents, or heating in the case of strong currents.
  • the object of the invention is to avoid this formation of a layer of alumina around the electrical wire, by coating the wire with a material that does not have these insulating properties detrimental to the proper electrical operation of the conductor.
  • US Pat. No. 3,636,242 proposes an electrical wire with an aluminum or aluminum alloy core provided with a coating layer of zinc and nickel alloy, the weight ratio of nickel in this alloy being between 25 and 75%.
  • Zinc is more electronegative than aluminum and plays a sacrificial role in the event of galvanic corrosion. A high proportion of nickel zinc alloy decreases this protective property.
  • the cost of zinc is much lower than the cost of nickel and such an arrangement is therefore expensive in proportion to the nickel rate used.
  • the nickel codépot with zinc makes it possible to improve the resistance to corrosion compared to a deposit of pure zinc.
  • the invention makes it possible to find a compromise between these various data, namely the corrosion resistance, including galvanic corrosion, and the cost of a core wire made of aluminum or aluminum alloy.
  • the invention proposes an electrical wire comprising an aluminum or aluminum alloy core provided with a zinc alloy and nickel coating layer, characterized in that the weight ratio of nickel in this alloy is between 5% and 15%, neglecting common impurities.
  • said zinc and nickel alloy is a codeposit on said core, that is to say that zinc and nickel are alloyed during their deposition on the aluminum or alloy core. aluminum.
  • the thickness of said coating layer is between 0.1 ⁇ m and 10 ⁇ m on the finished wire.
  • said coating layer is deposited on the conductor by electroplating.
  • said coating layer is passivated, for example by chromium, molybdate or phosphate to increase the resistance to corrosion.
  • the invention also relates to a single strand electrical conductor made by a wire as specified above.
  • the invention finally relates to a multi-stranded electrical conductor made by assembling a plurality of wires as specified above.
  • Figure 1 is a cross sectional view of an electrical wire according to the invention.
  • Figure 2 is a perspective view of an electrical conductor consisting of son according to the invention.
  • a wire 1 comprises a core 2 of aluminum or aluminum alloy provided with a coating layer 3 of zinc alloy and nickel, preferably a codode of zinc and nickel.
  • the weight ratio of nickel in this alloy is between 5% and 15%.
  • the thickness of the coating layer 3 is between 0.1 ⁇ m and 10 ⁇ m.
  • this alloy may also be treated by chromating, molybdate, phosphate or the like. This treatment can be performed by quenching the coated wire.
  • An electric wire according to the invention is manufactured by wire drawing.
  • the coating layer 3 is electrodeposited on a core to an intermediate state and then the entire core and the coating layer is drawn to the final diameter.
  • the invention is preferably applied to aluminum or aluminum alloy son having a diameter of between 0.08 and 12 mm, in their final state after drawing.
  • the son 1 thus obtained can be assembled and stranded to form a multi-stranded electrical conductor as shown in FIG.
  • the invention also applies to large diameter wires that can produce a single-stranded conductor.

Landscapes

  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Metallurgy (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Materials Engineering (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Electrochemistry (AREA)
  • Non-Insulated Conductors (AREA)
  • Insulated Conductors (AREA)
  • Chemical Treatment Of Metals (AREA)
  • Ropes Or Cables (AREA)
  • Conductive Materials (AREA)
  • Electroplating Methods And Accessories (AREA)

Abstract

L'invention concerne un fil électrique (1) comportant une âme (2) en aluminium ou alliage d'aluminium pourvu d'une couche de revêtement (3) en alliage de zinc et de nickel. Selon l'invention, le taux en poids de nickel dans cet alliage est compris entre 5% et 15%.

Description

  • L'invention concerne un fil électrique comportant une âme en aluminium ou alliage d'aluminium.
  • Lors de sertissage d'un fil en aluminium ou alliage d'aluminium dans un manchon de sertissage, compte-tenu de la différence des coefficients de dilatation thermique de l'aluminium et du métal constituant le manchon de sertissage, souvent en alliage de cuivre, il se produit des formations d'alumine autour du fil par oxydation à l'air. Or, l'alumine est électriquement résistant et entraîne en conséquence une augmentation de la résistance électrique de contact, qui peut créer une rupture du contact, dans le cas de faibles courants, ou un échauffement , dans le cas de forts courants.
  • Le but de l'invention est d'éviter cette formation d'une couche d'alumine autour du fil électrique, par revêtement du fil par un matériau qui ne présente pas ces propriétés isolantes préjudiciables au bon fonctionnement électrique du conducteur.
  • Il est proposé dans le document de brevet US 3 636 242 un fil électrique avec une âme en aluminium ou alliage d'aluminium pourvue d'une couche de revêtement en alliage de zinc et de nickel, le taux en poids de nickel dans cet alliage étant compris entre 25 et 75%.
  • Cet agencement présente les problèmes techniques suivants.
  • Le zinc est plus électronégatif que l'aluminium et joue un rôle sacrificiel en cas de corrosion galvanique. Une proportion élevée de nickel allié au zinc diminue cette propriété de protection.
  • Par ailleurs, le coût du zinc est très inférieur au coût du nickel et un tel agencement est donc coûteux proportionnellement au taux de nickel utilisé.
  • Enfin le codépot de nickel avec le zinc permet d'améliorer la tenue à la corrosion par rapport à un dépôt de zinc pur.
  • L'invention permet de trouver un compromis entre ces différentes données que sont la résistance à la corrosion, y compris la corrosion galvanique, et le coût d'un fil à âme en aluminium ou alliage en aluminium.
  • Pour ce faire, l'invention propose un fil électrique comportant une âme en aluminium ou alliage d'aluminium pourvue d'une couche de revêtement en alliage de zinc et de nickel, caractérisé en ce que le taux en poids du nickel dans cet alliage est compris entre 5% et 15%, en négligeant les impuretés courantes.
  • Selon un mode de réalsiation préféré, ledit alliage de zinc et de nickel est un codépôt sur ladite âme, c'est-à-dire que le zinc et le nickel sont alliés lors de leur dépôt sur l'âme en aluminium ou alliage d'aluminium.
  • De préférence, l'épaisseur de ladite couche de revêtement est comprise entre 0,1 µm et 10 µm sur le fil fini.
  • Avantageusement, ladite couche de revêtement est déposée sur le conducteur par électrodéposition.
  • Eventuellement, ladite couche de revêtement est passivée, par exemple par du chrome, du molybdate ou du phosphate pour augmenter la tenue à la corrosion.
  • L'invention concerne également un conducteur électrique monobrin réalisé par un fil tel que précisé ci-dessus.
  • L'invention concerne enfin un conducteur électrique multibrin réalisé par assemblage d'une pluralité de fils tels que précisés ci-dessus.
  • L'invention est décrite ci-après plus en détail à l'aide de figures ne représentant qu'un mode de réalisation préféré de l'invention.
  • La figure 1 est une vue en coupe transversale d'un fil électrique conforme à l'invention.
  • La figure 2 est une vue en perspective d'un conducteur électrique constitué de fils conformes à l'invention.
  • Comme visible sur la figure 1, un fil 1 comporte une âme 2 en aluminium ou alliage d'aluminium pourvu d'une couche de revêtement 3 en alliage de zinc et de nickel, avantageusement un codépôt de zinc et de nickel.
  • Selon l'invention, le taux en poids de nickel dans cet alliage est compris entre 5% et 15%. L'épaisseur de la couche de revêtement 3 est comprise entre 0,1 µm et 10 µm.
  • Afin d'augmenter encore plus la passivation de cet alliage à l'oxydation, cet alliage peut également être traité par chromatation, par du molybdate, par du phosphate ou équivalent. Ce traitement peut être réalisé par trempe du fil revêtu.
  • Un fil électrique conforme à l'invention est fabriqué par tréfilage. La couche de revêtement 3 est disposée par électrodéposition sur une âme à un état intermédiaire puis l'ensemble de l'âme et de la couche de revêtement est tréfilée au diamètre final.
  • L'invention s'applique de préférence à des fils en aluminium ou alliage d'aluminium ayant un diamètre compris entre 0.08 et 12 mm, à leur état final après tréfilage.
  • Les fils 1 ainsi obtenus peuvent être assemblés et toronnés pour former un conducteur électrique multibrin tel que représenté sur la figure 2.
  • L'invention s'applique également à des fils de diamètre important pouvant réaliser un conducteur monobrin.

Claims (7)

  1. Fil électrique (1) comportant une âme (2) en aluminium ou alliage d'aluminium pourvu d'une couche de revêtement (3) en alliage de zinc et de nickel, caractérisé en ce que le taux en poids de nickel dans cet alliage est compris entre 5% et 15%.
  2. Fil électrique selon la revendication 1, caractérisé en ce que ledit alliage de zinc et de nickel est un codépôt sur ladite âme.
  3. Fil électrique selon la revendication 1 ou 2, caractérisé en ce que l'épaisseur de ladite couche de revêtement (3) est comprise entre 0,1 µm et 10 µm.
  4. Fil électrique selon l'une des revendications précédentes, caractérisé en ce que ladite couche de revêtement (3) est déposée sur l'âme (2) par électrodéposition.
  5. Fil électrique selon l'une des revendications précédentes, caractérisé en ce que ladite couche de revêtement (3) est passivée, par exemple par du chrome, du molybdate ou du phosphate.
  6. Conducteur électrique monobrin réalisé par un fil selon l'une des revendications précédentes.
  7. Conducteur électrique multibrin réalisé par assemblage d'une pluralité de fils selon l'une des revendications 1 à 5.
EP06300107A 2005-02-10 2006-02-03 Fil électrique à âme en aluminium ou alliage d'aluminium Not-in-force EP1700933B1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
FR0550399A FR2881871B1 (fr) 2005-02-10 2005-02-10 Fil electrique a ame en aluminium ou alliage d'aluminium

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP1700933A1 true EP1700933A1 (fr) 2006-09-13
EP1700933B1 EP1700933B1 (fr) 2009-11-18

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Family Applications (1)

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EP06300107A Not-in-force EP1700933B1 (fr) 2005-02-10 2006-02-03 Fil électrique à âme en aluminium ou alliage d'aluminium

Country Status (6)

Country Link
US (1) US7491890B2 (fr)
EP (1) EP1700933B1 (fr)
AT (1) ATE449202T1 (fr)
DE (1) DE602006010461D1 (fr)
ES (1) ES2336357T3 (fr)
FR (1) FR2881871B1 (fr)

Families Citing this family (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US20110079427A1 (en) * 2009-10-07 2011-04-07 Lakshmikant Suryakant Powale Insulated non-halogenated covered aluminum conductor and wire harness assembly

Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3636242A (en) * 1968-12-09 1972-01-18 Ericsson Telefon Ab L M An electric conductor wire
US3909209A (en) * 1973-11-05 1975-09-30 Gould Inc Method of treating aluminum and aluminum alloys and article produced thereby
JP2003229192A (ja) * 2002-02-05 2003-08-15 Auto Network Gijutsu Kenkyusho:Kk 電食を防止するアルミ電線の端末構造
JP2004139832A (ja) * 2002-10-17 2004-05-13 Totoku Electric Co Ltd ニッケル被覆アルミニウム線およびエナメル絶縁ニッケル被覆アルミニウム線

Family Cites Families (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3256071A (en) * 1959-09-17 1966-06-14 Reynolds Metals Co Solderable aluminum wire having a circumferential cladding of zinc metal
US3254970A (en) * 1960-11-22 1966-06-07 Metco Inc Flame spray clad powder composed of a refractory material and nickel or cobalt
US4746408A (en) * 1987-11-05 1988-05-24 Whyco Chromium Company, Inc. Multi layer corrosion resistant coating
JP2712924B2 (ja) * 1991-08-21 1998-02-16 日本鋼管株式会社 耐食性、めっき密着性、化成処理性および塗膜密着性に優れた亜鉛−ニッケル−クロム系合金電気めっき鋼板
JP4393854B2 (ja) * 2003-09-01 2010-01-06 臼井国際産業株式会社 フィン部材を外装した伝熱管
US20050133376A1 (en) * 2003-12-19 2005-06-23 Opaskar Vincent C. Alkaline zinc-nickel alloy plating compositions, processes and articles therefrom

Patent Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3636242A (en) * 1968-12-09 1972-01-18 Ericsson Telefon Ab L M An electric conductor wire
US3909209A (en) * 1973-11-05 1975-09-30 Gould Inc Method of treating aluminum and aluminum alloys and article produced thereby
JP2003229192A (ja) * 2002-02-05 2003-08-15 Auto Network Gijutsu Kenkyusho:Kk 電食を防止するアルミ電線の端末構造
JP2004139832A (ja) * 2002-10-17 2004-05-13 Totoku Electric Co Ltd ニッケル被覆アルミニウム線およびエナメル絶縁ニッケル被覆アルミニウム線

Non-Patent Citations (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Title
PATENT ABSTRACTS OF JAPAN vol. 2003, no. 12 5 December 2003 (2003-12-05) *

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
ES2336357T3 (es) 2010-04-12
ATE449202T1 (de) 2009-12-15
EP1700933B1 (fr) 2009-11-18
DE602006010461D1 (de) 2009-12-31
FR2881871B1 (fr) 2007-03-30
FR2881871A1 (fr) 2006-08-11
US20060283622A1 (en) 2006-12-21
US7491890B2 (en) 2009-02-17

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