EP1695417B1 - Antenne comportant au moins un dipole ou un ensemble rayonnant semblable a un dipole - Google Patents

Antenne comportant au moins un dipole ou un ensemble rayonnant semblable a un dipole Download PDF

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Publication number
EP1695417B1
EP1695417B1 EP04803976A EP04803976A EP1695417B1 EP 1695417 B1 EP1695417 B1 EP 1695417B1 EP 04803976 A EP04803976 A EP 04803976A EP 04803976 A EP04803976 A EP 04803976A EP 1695417 B1 EP1695417 B1 EP 1695417B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
reflector
coupling element
dipole
antenna array
array according
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Not-in-force
Application number
EP04803976A
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German (de)
English (en)
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EP1695417A1 (fr
Inventor
Maximilian GÖTTL
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Kathrein SE
Original Assignee
Kathrein Werke KG
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Publication of EP1695417A1 publication Critical patent/EP1695417A1/fr
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Publication of EP1695417B1 publication Critical patent/EP1695417B1/fr
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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
    • H01Q1/00—Details of, or arrangements associated with, antennas
    • H01Q1/12—Supports; Mounting means
    • H01Q1/22—Supports; Mounting means by structural association with other equipment or articles
    • H01Q1/24—Supports; Mounting means by structural association with other equipment or articles with receiving set
    • H01Q1/241—Supports; Mounting means by structural association with other equipment or articles with receiving set used in mobile communications, e.g. GSM
    • H01Q1/246—Supports; Mounting means by structural association with other equipment or articles with receiving set used in mobile communications, e.g. GSM specially adapted for base stations
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
    • H01Q19/00—Combinations of primary active antenna elements and units with secondary devices, e.g. with quasi-optical devices, for giving the antenna a desired directional characteristic
    • H01Q19/10—Combinations of primary active antenna elements and units with secondary devices, e.g. with quasi-optical devices, for giving the antenna a desired directional characteristic using reflecting surfaces
    • H01Q19/108—Combination of a dipole with a plane reflecting surface
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
    • H01Q21/00—Antenna arrays or systems
    • H01Q21/06—Arrays of individually energised antenna units similarly polarised and spaced apart
    • H01Q21/061—Two dimensional planar arrays
    • H01Q21/062—Two dimensional planar arrays using dipole aerials
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
    • H01Q21/00—Antenna arrays or systems
    • H01Q21/24—Combinations of antenna units polarised in different directions for transmitting or receiving circularly and elliptically polarised waves or waves linearly polarised in any direction
    • H01Q21/26—Turnstile or like antennas comprising arrangements of three or more elongated elements disposed radially and symmetrically in a horizontal plane about a common centre

Definitions

  • the invention relates to an antenna array with a plurality of dipole-like radiator arrangements according to the preamble of claim 1.
  • Dipole radiators are for example from the Vorverö, GmbH DE 197 22 742 A as well as the DE 196 27 015 A known.
  • the dipole radiators can have a conventional dipole structure or, for example, consist of a crossed dipole arrangement or a dipole square, etc.
  • a so-called vector cross dipole is eg from the prior publication WO 00/39894 known. The structure seems to be comparable to a dipole square. Due to the specific design of the dipole radiator according to this prior publication, however, a cross-dipole structure is ultimately created in electrical terms, so that the antenna element thus formed can radiate and receive in two polarizations oriented perpendicular to one another.
  • the dipoles or dipole-like radiator placed on the reflector plate and from the back of the reflector by screwing one or more screws be attached it must also be considered that in the majority of cases, the dipoles or dipole-like radiator placed on the reflector plate and from the back of the reflector by screwing one or more screws be attached.
  • the contact pressure also decreases due to the effects of heat, the contact conditions change, as a result of which the performance of such an antenna element decreases significantly.
  • the further advantage is realized that no voltage potential can occur between the dipole and the reflector. Because of the differently selected materials for a dipole radiator or the support device for a dipole radiator and the material of the reflector conventionally occurs otherwise an electrochemical stress, which can lead to contact corrosion. Since this is avoided according to the invention, there is also a greater choice of materials to be used for the dipole and / or the reflector.
  • a dipole antenna with a coaxial structure which comprises a so-called primary element (inner conductor) which is surrounded by a so-called secondary element (coaxial outer conductor).
  • inner conductor inner conductor
  • secondary element coaxial outer conductor
  • This previously known dipole arrangement is fed via a coaxial feed line.
  • Fig. 2 This prior publication is to be seen is the outer conductor the feed line with the coaxial outer conductor of a dipole half and the inner conductor with the coaxial outer conductor of the second dipole half directly electrically connected, wherein both coaxial outer conductor of the two dipole halves are not electrically connected to each other.
  • Object of the present invention is to provide a further improved antenna with a capacitive coupling for feeding this system, in particular with a capacitive coupling between a radiator or its carrier device and an associated conductive reflector or a conductive reflector surface, for example, with the outer conductor of a coaxial feeder cable is connected.
  • the present invention provides a significant improvement over all conventional antennas known in the art.
  • the present invention represents a further further improvement also over the above-mentioned non-prepublished solution, according to the already a capacitive coupling of the antenna was provided on the reflector.
  • an electrically conductive coupling element which rises in the form of a bar from the reflector is now provided, which is electrically-galvanically connected to the reflector plate.
  • the actual emitter device can be placed on top of this, as a rule the carrier device carrying the dipole-shaped emitter or the dipole-shaped emitter structure, which has an axial recess with which the carrier device can be placed on the rod-shaped coupling element.
  • the rod-shaped coupling element is immersed in the axial recess of the support means and usually comes to lie coaxially in the axial recess of the support means, the rod-shaped coupling element is electrically-galvanically separated from the conductive support means.
  • a capacitive and / or optionally an inductive outer conductor coupling between the reflector and the coupling element, which is preferably electrically-galvanically connected to the reflector, is realized on the one hand and the electrically conductive part of the carrier device.
  • the electrically conductive rod-shaped coupling element is designed as a tubular body which can be soldered, welded or otherwise secured to the reflector plate. Then, only acting as an insulator hollow cylindrical sleeve or other spacers shown is pushed onto the rod-shaped coupling element, preferably at the lower end of this working as a dielectric sleeve, a flange is formed, to which the conductive support means of the radiator structure can be postponed.
  • air can also be used as a dielectric.
  • the attached electrically conductive carrier device does not come into electrical-galvanic contact with the reflector and / or the rod-shaped coupling element electrically connected to the reflector due to certain spacers.
  • the electrical support device itself from non-conductive material, for example plastic, and to cover it only on the outside with an electrically conductive overcoat. Then, the support device can be placed snugly or preferably with little play on the electrically conductive rod-shaped coupling element, which can be ensured by the length of the rod-shaped coupling elements that the front end lower end of the support means adjacent to the reflector can not come into contact with this and or here also an insulating layer is formed or provided or the end wall of the carrier device is not provided with an electrical outer layer at this point.
  • the rod-shaped coupling element is preferably made hollow or hollow cylindrical.
  • a corresponding recess is provided in the reflector.
  • the inner conductor in the rod-shaped coupling element there fixedly integrated electrical rod-shaped element, so that the inner conductor is connected lying down.
  • the inner conductor can also be laid directly as an elongated cable-shaped inner conductor through the rod-shaped element preferably with the interposition of an insulator upwards.
  • the coupling element can namely be formed as an outer pot part, which is galvanically connected to the reflector.
  • the support portion of the dipole is positioned internally by an insulator, by air, or by any other suitable means to realize the coupling, referred to primarily as capacitive outer conductor coupling. Further diverse, partly in the description still discussed in detail modifications are possible.
  • the invention will be described below with reference to a so-called vector dipole, the basic structure of which from the WO 00/39894 is known, the disclosure of which is fully incorporated by reference.
  • the invention can be implemented in all dipoles, for example, in cross-shaped dipoles or simple dipoles, as for example from the DE 197 22 742 A1 , of the DE 198 23 749 A1 , of the DE 101 50 150 A1 or for example the US 5,710,569 are known.
  • an antenna arrangement 1 is shown in a schematic representation with a reflector or reflector plate 3.
  • the reflector 3 for example in the manner of a reflector sheet, can preferably be offset further inwards at its two opposite longitudinal sides 5 or from there a reflector boundary 3 'may be provided, which may for example be aligned perpendicular to the plane of the reflector sheet 3 or in a deviating from a right angle, oblique angle.
  • the radiator or emitter assemblies 11 may consist of single band emitters, dual band emitters, triple band emitters or, in general, multi band emitters or the like.
  • Vorveröttingungen DE 197 22 742 A such as DE 196 27 015 A referenced show and describe the different antennas with different radiator arrangements.
  • radiators with a true dipole structure, like a crossed dipole, a dipole square, or in the manner of its so-called vector dipole, as described, for example, in US Pat WO 00/39894 are known. All of these types of radiators and modifications are incorporated herein by reference to the above prior publications.
  • FIGS. 1a and 1b is a schematic side view and a schematic plan view basically a vector dipole shown how he made the WO 00/39894 is known.
  • the balancing 15, that is, a support device 15 is mounted directly on the reflector 3 electrically-galvanic.
  • FIGS. 1a and 1b serve here only to illustrate the basic structure of a corresponding vector dipole, as it can be used in the context of the invention with reference to the following figures.
  • radiator assembly 11 on a reflector 3.
  • the radiator assembly 11 has in principle a structure on, as he from the WO 00/39894 known and described in detail there. Reference is therefore made in its entirety to the disclosure content of the above publication and made the content of this application. It is known that the radiator assembly 11 according to the embodiments of FIGS. 1 to 3 Although designed in a schematic plan view like a dipole square, due to the specific training but sends and receives in electrical terms as a Wiendipol. In FIG.
  • the two polarization directions 12a and 12b are shown, which are perpendicular to one another and formed by the diagonal radiator arrangement 11 which is formed more quadratically in plan view.
  • the respective 180 ° opposite structures according to the radiator assembly 11 act insofar as dipole halves of two cross-shaped arranged dipoles.
  • a dipole radiator arrangement 11 thus formed is held and mounted on the reflector 3 via an associated carrier device or carrier 15.
  • the in this embodiment four dipole halves 13 (which are arranged crosswise to each other) and the associated support means 15 consist of electrically conductive material, usually metal or a corresponding metal alloy.
  • the dipole halves or the associated carrier device or parts thereof can also consist of a non-conductive material, for example plastic, in which case the corresponding parts can be coated and / or coated with a conductive layer.
  • the radiator which is cross-shaped in electrical terms has a support which is approximately square in horizontal cross-section or a square support means 15 which is provided with slots 15d ending in top-bottom, in the embodiment shown just before the reflector.
  • These slits 15d are aligned with the slits 11c, which respectively separate two adjacent dipole halves of two orthogonal polarizations.
  • the associated symmetrization 15e of the respective dipole structure is formed in each case.
  • the length of the slots and thus the length of the symmetrization formed thereby can vary, with a value around ⁇ / 4 often being suitable for a particular frequency.
  • the mentioned slots 15d in the support means 15 do not go to the floor, but usually end at a small distance above the floor, ie above the reflector plane, so that the support structure here a mechanical short circuit with respect to the four otherwise separate Has supporting sections.
  • a rod-shaped coupling element 21 is mounted on the reflector 3 ( FIGS. 4 to 7 ), ie, in the illustrated embodiment to produce an electrical-galvanic connection with the reflector 3.
  • Both the reflector and the rod-shaped coupling element may consist of non-conductive material. In this case, the corresponding parts are coated with a conductive layer. It must be ensured that the electrically conductive layer of the coupling element and the corresponding conductive layer are electrically connected to the reflector. If the reflector is conductive overall, the corresponding conductive layer of the coupling element must be connected to the reflector in total electrically conductive.
  • the rod-shaped coupling element 21 is tubular or cylindrical designed and inserted through a aligned with this rod-shaped coupling element 21 bore 23 of the back 3a of the reflector until a corresponding step portion 21b of the hollow cylindrical coupling element 21 abuts on the rear side of the reflector 3 ,
  • the outer circumference of the portion 21b of the coupling element 21 below the stepped shoulder 21b is wider than the bore 23, so that the cylindrical coupling element 21 can only be pushed into the bore 23 until the aforementioned stepped shoulder 21b abuts the reflector on the back.
  • the coupling element 21 is preferably connected by soldering electrically-galvanically with the reflector 3 preferably consisting of a reflector sheet.
  • a hollow cylindrical insulator 25 is attached, wherein the inner diameter and the inner cross section of the insulator 25 is preferably adapted to the outer cross section and the outer shape of the rod-shaped coupling element 21.
  • the insulator is also designed in the shape of a hollow cylinder and sits more or less at least almost free of play or only with little play on the coupling element 21.
  • the hollow cylindrical insulator 25 is lying down, so adjacent to the reflector 3 with a peripheral edge or flange 25 a provided, over which the insulator 25 rests on the front or front side 3b of the reflector.
  • the radiator structure with its support means 15, in the interior of which an axial bore 15a is introduced, must be plugged onto the insulator 25 provided with an axial inner recess.
  • the inner diameter and the inner cross-sectional shape of the axial bore 15a is in turn adapted to the outer dimension and the horizontal cross-sectional shape of the insulator 25, so that the support device can be attached to the insulator 25 at least approximately free of play or only with little play.
  • the support device is pushed with its axial bore 15a so far on the insulator 25 until the support means 15 rests with its the reflector 3 underlying lower end face 15b now on the insulator 25 belonging non-conductive edge or flange 25a. It can therefore be seen that for the attachment and assembly of the radiator assembly 11, a soldering operation for fixing the support means on the reflector 3 is not necessary.
  • the axial length ratios could be such that when mounting the radiator whose support means 15 is pushed so far on the insulator 25 until the side facing away from the reflector 3 upper end face 25b at a corresponding upper, the reflector 3 facing stop 15c of the radiator arrangement or strikes the associated support means, in such a way that the lower end face 15b of the support means 15 ends at least at a minimum distance in front of the reflector 3 and there the reflector 3 can not contact.
  • a centering or fixing base 22 which surrounds the carrier device 15 of the radiator device 11 and is mounted on the reflector, is also provided, which likewise holds the carrier device in the desired fixing position.
  • the insulator base 22 is provided with a corresponding inner receptacle and a support portion 22a, so that the patch usually conductive support means 15 of the radiator assembly 11 can not come into electrical contact with the reflector 3 electrically.
  • the base 22 or the base support means 22 may then be provided, for example, with latching or centering zones, which pass through the reflector through corresponding bores or punched holes and can therefore be easily placed in the manner of a snap connection on the reflector and attached thereto.
  • Such a base centering 22 is also particularly suitable when no insulator 25 is used, so that thereby the carrier device 15th can be anchored in non-electrically galvanic contact with the rod-shaped coupling element 21 in front of the reflector 3.
  • the support means 15 may also be designed such that its lower end face facing the reflector 3 and possibly adjacent thereto is not made conductive in a certain height rising axially from this end face, or is provided with a non-conductive coating in order to avoid an electrical-galvanic contacting with the reflector plate or reflector 3 here. In this case, could also be dispensed with the mentioned Fixiersockel 22.
  • FIGS. 7a to 7e For a better understanding, reference is made below to the perspective illustrations according to FIGS. 7a to 7e received.
  • Figure 7a is shown in fragmentary perspective view of the reflector 3, on which four coupling elements 21 are arranged sitting in a tubular configuration. As explained, these conductive coupling elements 21 are electrically-galvanically connected to the reflector 3. The rod or tubular coupling elements 21 sit in plan view at the vertices of a square.
  • an electrically non-conductive base 22 in which four circular openings 22 a are introduced, so that this base 22 can be pushed onto the tubular coupling elements 21 until the base rests with its underside on the reflector top.
  • FIG. 7a In the recesses 22a are in Figure 7a shown four separate tubular or hollow cylindrical insulators 25 attached, which come to lie with its lower end edge either in the region of the recesses 22a in the base 22 or pass through the openings 22a provided in the base 22 and then rest with their lower end faces on the reflector surface.
  • FIG. 7b shows the state when the base 22 and the tubular insulators 25 are plugged onto the coupling elements 21.
  • a capacitive outer conductor coupling 29 is realized, wherein the two coupling parts effecting the capacitive outer conductor couplings 29 firstly surround the electrically-galvanically connected coupling element 21 with the reflector and, secondly, the supporting device 15 or the axial bore 15a and the carrier device Section of the support means 15 consists, as can be seen from the embodiment is parallel to the coupling element 21 comes to rest. It is in accordance with the illustrated embodiment, a coaxial capacitive coupling, in which the hollow cylindrical coupling element 21 is arranged inside, to which outside and this coupling element 21 in the circumferential direction orbiting the corresponding portion of the support means 15 comes to rest.
  • the aforementioned coupling is especially capacitive when the longitudinal extent of the hollow cylindrical coupling elements 21 starting from the reflector 3 is small in relation to the wavelength.
  • the coupling is essentially capacitive and an inductive component is negligible. From a length of 0.1 wavelength ( ⁇ ), however, make high-frequency effects noticeable.
  • the current which flows from one end (terminal end of the coupling element 21 on the reflector) to the open end, undergoes a phase rotation via this path. At 0.25 wavelengths ( ⁇ ), the phase rotation is 90 °.
  • the current minimum at the open end of the coupling elements 21 leads to a maximum current at the opposite end (terminal end), and the maximum voltage at the open end of the coupling elements 21 results in a voltage minimum at the opposite end.
  • the electrically conductive or with an electrically conductive Surface provided rod-shaped coupling element 21 could also be capacitively connected to the underside of the reflector 3, which is desired in the present case but less advantageous.
  • the antenna arrangement 1 In order to possibly fix the antenna arrangement 1 to be mounted merely by being slid on the reflector, it is possible, for example, to attach a projecting lug to the lower side of the carrier device 15, which preferably snaps into a corresponding recess in the reflector. As a result, a simple snap connection can be created. For removal, the nose engaging behind the reflector then merely has to be bent in order to lift the antenna arrangement upwards again away from the rod-shaped coupling element 21.
  • a coaxial cable 31 at the coaxial cable end 31a on the rear side of the reflector 3 ie, for example, to electrically connect a correspondingly stripped section of the outer conductor 31b to the conductive coupling element 21, for example by soldering.
  • the coaxial cable 31 can be laid parallel to the rear side of the reflector and a radial opening or hole in the over the rear side of the reflector downwardly projecting portion of the rod-shaped coupling element into this region of the stepped shoulder 21b into it and be electrically connected there.
  • a corresponding axially projecting portion of the inner conductor 31c can then be soldered to a prepared inner conductor section 37 below, which is designed in the embodiment shown in the manner of an inverted L and of above is inserted coaxially with the longitudinal axis of the coupling element 21 in a corresponding recess 21a of the rod-shaped coupling element 21 from the upper open end side thereof.
  • the upper end section 37a of this inner conductor structure which brings about a connection with the opposite dipole half 13, 11a then comes to rest in a corresponding transverse recess 39 in the dipole radiator structure and can be electrically-galvanically connected at its free end to a soldering point.
  • the solder joint 38 is located in the embodiment according to FIG. 4 at an upper projection 41a of a frontally closed electrically conductive hollow cylinder 41, which sits in a further axial bore 41b of the support means 15 and is thus electrically conductively connected.
  • the length of the carrier device and / or the length of the rod-shaped coupling element 21 is approximately ⁇ / 4 ⁇ ⁇ 30% thereof, ie approximately ⁇ / 4 * 1 ⁇ ⁇ 0 . 3 where ⁇ is each a wavelength of the frequency band to be transmitted, preferably the center of each frequency band to be transmitted.
  • the top side closed cylinder 41 which is electrically conductive in total, or at least electrically conductive sections, dimensioned and arranged so that its peripheral surface and upper end face and the protruding pin 41a with the dipole structure or the associated support means 15 not electrogalvanically connected is.
  • the hollow cylinder 41 is preferably electrically-galvanically connected to the reflector plate on its underside via a peripheral collar 41c.
  • this hollow cylinder 41 Since the length of this hollow cylinder 41 is preferably by ⁇ / 4 ⁇ preferably less than 30% thereof, this means that overhead ultimately the inner conductor 31c of the coaxial feed cable with the associated dipole half, so in the area on the hollow cylinder 41 overhead manner of a short circuit is connected, which is transformed at the foot of the hollow cylinder, where it is electrically connected to the reflector 3, into an open circuit. Conversely, the structure also leads to an idle at the upper end of the hollow cylinder is transformed in a short circuit at the bottom of the hollow cylinder.
  • FIG. 4a shown.
  • the inner conductor portion 37 is connected with its end portion 37a directly at the inner terminal end of an associated dipole half 11a, that is connected electrically-galvanically by means of, for example, a solder joint.
  • the support 15 below the end portion 37a but also provided with an axial longitudinal bore, in which also in this embodiment, the electrically conductive cylinder or hollow cylinder 41 is inserted and to his foot is contacted with the reflector 3 electrically-galvanic.
  • This cylinder 41 is otherwise not electrically contacted by means of a metallic connecting bridge with the carrier 15.
  • a capacitive inner conductor coupling is provided, in which an inner conductor portion 37b is immersed in the hollow cylinder 41 open at the top and free ends there.
  • the inner conductor section 37 is provided with its approximately rod-shaped, guided through the hollow coupling element 21 line section and the adjoining upper substantially parallel to the reflector plane extending further line section 37a with a second inner conductor section 37b, the appropriate length in the Axial bore 41b of the support device 15 is immersed.
  • the hollow cylinder 41 is also not electrically-galvanically connected to the electrically conductive support means 15, but sits electrically-galvanically connected only on the reflector 3, so that an idle at the upper end of the hollow cylinder 41 transformed into a virtual short circuit at the bottom of the hollow cylinder 41 is, and vice versa, a virtual short circuit at the top of the hollow cylinder in an idle at the foot in the area of the reflector 3 is transformed.
  • FIG. 6 is different from FIG. 1 shown that there the coaxial feed cable 31 is laid in the axial bore of the hollow coupling element 21 from the rear side of the reflector 3 through the hole 21 a formed there through.
  • a corresponding stripped section at the end 31a of the coaxial cable is exposed, so that the local outer conductor section 31b, for example, at the contact point 32 (contact ring 32), for example by soldering now at the upper end of the rod-shaped hollow cylindrical coupling element 21 is electrically connected and electrically connected thereto ,
  • FIGS. 6 and 7 is next to the coaxial feed cable 31
  • Yet another coaxial feed cable 31 'shown in the embodiment shown according to FIGS. 6 and 7 is used to feed the two other dipole halves, which are perpendicular to the first dipole halves.
  • the feed cable 31 is used to feed the associated dipole halves, which, for example, according to FIG. 1 radiate in the polarization plane 12a, the coaxial feed cable 31 'serves to feed the offset by 90 ° dipole halves that send or receive according to the polarization plane 12b.
  • FIGS. 6 and 7 also shown that at the FIGS. 4 and 5 mentioned stop 21b in the mounted position does not have to come to rest on the rear side 3a of the reflector 3 in the mounted position, but that a correspondingly reversed aligned stop 21b on the coupling element 21 may also be formed so that the coupling element 21b from above into the hole 23 of the reflector 3 can be inserted until the circumferentially or in parts in the circumferential direction radially projecting stop 21b abuts the reflector top 3b of the reflector 3.
  • FIG. 8 the schematic side view according to FIG. 8 and the plan view according to FIG. 9 Reference is made, in which a radiating only in a plane of polarization radiator assembly 11 is shown, which consists of a dipole 11 with two diametrically opposite dipole halves 11a and 11b.
  • FIGS. 8 and 9 is merely intended to illustrate that the described inventive, in particular capacitive and / or possibly also inductive Coupling is possible even with a simple dipole radiator.

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Claims (24)

  1. Réseau d'antennes comportant plusieurs agencements rayonneurs (11) similaires à des dipôles sur un réflecteur conducteur (3), présentant les éléments suivants :
    (a) au moins un agencement rayonneur dipolaire (11) comprend deux moitiés de dipôle (13 ; 11a, 11b) d'un dipôle qui sont alimentées par une ligne d'alimentation (31) ainsi qu'un dispositif porteur (15) portant ces moitiés de dipôle (13 ; 11a, 11b),
    (b) les moitiés de dipôle (13 ; 11a, 11b) sont retenues et montées sur le réflecteur (3) par le dispositif porteur (15),
    (c) le dispositif porteur (15) est électriquement conducteur, et
    (d) le dispositif porteur (15) présente à l'intérieur un perçage axial (15a) associé à une moitié de dipôle (13 ; 11a, 11b),
    caractérisé par les autres éléments suivants :
    (e) sur le réflecteur (3), sur son côté avant (3b), est prévu un élément de couplage (21) en forme de barreau électriquement conducteur associé au perçage axial (15a) et s'étendant transversalement au plan du réflecteur, élément qui est relié par voie électrique-galvanique au réflecteur (3),
    (f) le dispositif porteur (15) est posé par son perçage axial (15a) sur l'élément de couplage (21) associé en forme de barreau, de telle sorte que le dispositif porteur (15) et le réflecteur (3) sont couplés l'un à l'autre via un couplage capacitif (29) entre l'élément de couplage (21) en forme de barreau et le perçage axial associé (15a), en évitant un contact électrique-galvanique,
    (g) l'une des moitiés de dipôle (13 ; 11a) est alimentée par l'un des conducteurs (31b) de la ligne d'alimentation (31) via le couplage capacitif (29) entre l'élément de couplage associé (21) et le perçage axial associé (15a), conducteur qui est connecté par voie électrique-galvanique à l'élément de couplage (21),
    (h) l'autre moitié de dipôle (13 ; 11b) est alimentée par un conducteur intérieur (31c) qui est l'autre conducteur (31c) de la ligne d'alimentation (31) ou bien qui est connecté à celui-ci et qui s'étend à travers un évidement axial (21a) de l'élément de couplage (21) associé à l'une des moitiés de dipôle (11a).
  2. Réseau d'antennes selon la revendication 1, caractérisé en ce que l'élément de couplage (21) en forme de barreau recevant le conducteur intérieur (31c) est réalisé en forme de cylindre.
  3. Réseau d'antennes selon la revendication 2, caractérisé en ce que l'élément de couplage (21) en forme de barreau recevant le conducteur intérieur (31 c) est réalisé en forme de cylindre creux.
  4. Réseau d'antennes selon l'une des revendications 1 à 3, caractérisé en ce qu'un perçage (23) est ménagé dans le réflecteur (3) axialement en alignement avec l'élément de couplage (21) en forme de barreau recevant le conducteur intérieur (31c), perçage à travers lequel l'élément de couplage (21) en forme de barreau traverse le réflecteur (3) sur une longueur partielle.
  5. Réseau d'antennes selon la revendication 4, caractérisé en ce que sur l'élément de couplage (21) recevant le conducteur intérieur (31c), il est prévu une saillie dépassant radialement ou bien un talon en gradin périphérique (21a), de sorte que l'élément de couplage (21) en forme de barreau est enfichable sur une longueur partielle à travers le perçage (23) dans le réflecteur (3) jusqu'à atteindre une butée ou le talon en gradin (21a) sur le réflecteur (3).
  6. Réseau d'antennes selon la revendication 5, caractérisé en ce que l'élément de couplage (21) recevant le conducteur intérieur (31c) est enfichable dans le perçage (23) depuis le côté arrière (3a) du réflecteur (3) ou depuis le côté avant (3b) du réflecteur (3), de sorte que la butée ou le talon en gradin (21a) dépassant radialement vient se retrouver sur le côté arrière (3a) ou sur le côté avant (3b) du réflecteur (3).
  7. Réseau d'antennes selon l'une des revendications 1 à 6, caractérisé en ce que le couplage capacitif (29) présente de l'air à titre de diélectrique.
  8. Réseau d'antennes selon la revendication 7, caractérisé en ce qu'une fixation dudit au moins un agencement rayonneur (11) et du dispositif porteur associé (15) s'effectue au moyen d'un socle (22) électriquement non conducteur susceptible d'être placé sur le réflecteur (3), socle grâce auquel la zone ou la portion tournée vers le réflecteur (3) et susceptible d'être placée sur le socle (22) électriquement non conducteur, en particulier la face frontale (15b) du dispositif porteur (15), est positionnée devant le réflecteur (3) en position relative sans contact et en coiffant les éléments de couplage (21) en forme de barreau (figures 2, 7a, 7b).
  9. Réseau d'antennes selon l'une des revendications 1 à 6, caractérisé en ce qu'un isolateur (25) pourvu d'un évidement axial est placé sur l'élément de couplage (21) en forme barreau recevant le conducteur intérieur (31c), isolateur sur lequel est enfiché le dispositif porteur (15) avec le perçage axial associé (15a) (figure 7a, 7b).
  10. Réseau d'antennes selon la revendication 8, caractérisé en ce que sur le côté tourné vers le réflecteur (3), le socle (22) électriquement non conducteur comprend une bordure ou une bride (25a) dépassant radialement au moins partiellement, sur laquelle repose le dispositif porteur (15).
  11. Réseau d'antennes selon 1a revendication 9, caractérisé en ce que la longueur de l'isolateur creux (25) est supérieure à la profondeur d'enfichage par laquelle le dispositif porteur (15) dudit au moins un agencement rayonneur (11) est susceptible d'être placé sur l'élément de couplage (21), de telle sorte que par sa butée détournée du réflecteur (3), l'élément de couplage (21) vient buter contre une butée tournée vers le réflecteur (3) sur ledit au moins un agencement rayonneur (11) ou sur le dispositif porteur associé (15), de telle sorte que le dispositif porteur (15) vient se trouver au moins à une faible distance en avant du plan du réflecteur (3), dans l'état monté.
  12. Réseau d'antennes selon la revendication 8, caractérisé en ce que le socle (22) électriquement non conducteur est réalisé sous forme de centrage de socle qui est fixé sur le réflecteur (3) et qui reçoit et maintient de façon centrée le dispositif porteur (15) dudit au moins un agencement rayonneur (11) sans connexion électrique avec le réflecteur (3).
  13. Réseau d'antennes selon l'une des revendications 1 à 12, caractérisé en ce que la ligne d'alimentation (31) est un câble coaxial dont le conducteur extérieur (31 b) est raccordé par voie électrique-galvanique, de préférence par brasage, à l'extrémité inférieure de l'élément de couplage (21) pourvu d'un évidement axial.
  14. Réseau d'antennes selon la revendication 13, caractérisé en ce que sur le côté arrière (3a) du réflecteur (3), le conducteur extérieur (31b) est raccordé par voie électrique-galvanique à la portion (21b) de l'élément de couplage (21) dépassant jusqu'au côté arrière du réflecteur (3).
  15. Réseau d'antennes selon l'une des revendications 13 ou 14,
    caractérisé en ce que le conducteur intérieur (31c) du câble coaxial (31) est raccordé par voie électrique-galvanique à l'extrémité inférieure de l'élément de couplage (21), à savoir sur une portion de conducteur intérieur (37) traversant l'élément de couplage (21) pourvu d'un évidement axial.
  16. Réseau d'antennes selon l'une des revendications 1 à 12, caractérisé en ce que le conducteur extérieur (31b) du câble coaxial (31) est raccordé par voie électrique-galvanique, de préférence par brasage, à l'extrémité, éloignée du réflecteur (3), de l'élément de couplage (21) pourvu d'un évidement axial.
  17. Réseau d'antennes selon la revendication 13 ou 16, caractérisé en ce qu'à l'extrémité, éloignée du réflecteur, de l'élément de couplage (21) le conducteur intérieur (31c) du câble coaxial (31) est connecté par voie électrique-galvanique à une connexion de ligne électrique via laquelle il est possible d'établir une connexion électrique avec la moitié de dipôle (13) respective opposée.
  18. Réseau d'antennes selon la revendication 13 ou 16, caractérisé en ce que le conducteur intérieur (31c) du câble coaxial (31) est connecté par voie électrique-galvanique à l'autre moitié de dipôle respective opposée.
  19. Réseau d'antennes selon l'une des revendications 1 à 18, caractérisé en ce que le dispositif porteur présente à l'intérieur un second perçage axial (41 b) qui est associé à l'autre moitié de dipôle (11b) (figure 4).
  20. Réseau d'antennes selon la revendication 19, caractérisé en ce que dans le second perçage axial (41b) est prévu un élément de couplage (41) en forme de barreau électriquement conducteur qui est connecté par voie électrique-galvanique au réflecteur (3).
  21. Réseau d'antennes selon la revendication 20 en association avec la revendication 13 ou 16, caractérisé en ce que l'élément de couplage est en forme de cylindre creux, dans lequel vient plonger ou se terminer librement une portion partielle (37b) du conducteur intérieur (31c), de sorte que le conducteur intérieur (31 c) du câble coaxial (31) est connecté par voie capacitive à la moitié de dipôle opposée (figures 4 à 7).
  22. Réseau d'antennes selon la revendication 19, caractérisé en ce que ledit au moins un agencement rayonneur dipolaire (11) comprend un second dipôle qui est décalé de 90° par rapport au premier dipôle et qui est conçu identique, grâce à quoi il résulte une structure dipolaire à polarisation double dans laquelle sont prévus quatre perçages axiaux (15a) dans le dispositif porteur (15), qui sont agencés en correspondance des quatre moitiés de dipôle décalées de 90°, un élément de couplage (21) électriquement conducteur respectif étant prévu dans au moins deux perçages axiaux (15a) du dispositif porteur (15) décalés de 90°, de telle sorte que les deux dipôles sont alimentés en correspondance par deux lignes d'alimentation (31, 31'), grâce à quoi il résulte un agencement rayonneur (11), en forme de croix au moins sur le plan électrique (figures 1, 7e).
  23. Réseau d'antennes selon la revendication 22, caractérisé en ce qu'un élément de couplage (21) électriquement conducteur respectif est prévu dans chacun des quatre perçages axiaux prévus (15a) du dispositif porteur (15) (figure 7e).
  24. Réseau d'antennes selon la revendication 21 ou 23, caractérisé en ce que la structure dudit au moins un agencement rayonneur et du dispositif porteur (15) est symétrique, et en ce qu'il est prévu une structure symétrique pour deux moitiés de dipôle respectives (11a, 11b) d'un dipôle dans la mesure où un perçage axial respectif dans le dispositif porteur (15) est associé à chacune des deux moitiés de dipôle (11a, 11b), l'élément de couplage (21) prévu pour le couplage capacitif (29) étant agencé dans l'un des perçages axiaux et un autre élément de couplage (41) en forme de cylindre creux prévu pour le couplage capacitif du conducteur intérieur (31c) étant positionné dans l'autre perçage axial parallèle au premier, dans lequel vient plonger ou se terminer une portion partielle (37b) du conducteur intérieur (31c) (figures 5, 7e).
EP04803976A 2003-12-18 2004-12-16 Antenne comportant au moins un dipole ou un ensemble rayonnant semblable a un dipole Not-in-force EP1695417B1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE10359622A DE10359622A1 (de) 2003-12-18 2003-12-18 Antenne mit zumindest einem Dipol oder einer dipolähnlichen Strahleranordnung
PCT/EP2004/014364 WO2005060049A1 (fr) 2003-12-18 2004-12-16 Antenne comportant au moins un dipole ou un ensemble rayonnant semblable a un dipole

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EP1695417A1 EP1695417A1 (fr) 2006-08-30
EP1695417B1 true EP1695417B1 (fr) 2008-07-16

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EP04803976A Not-in-force EP1695417B1 (fr) 2003-12-18 2004-12-16 Antenne comportant au moins un dipole ou un ensemble rayonnant semblable a un dipole

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EP (1) EP1695417B1 (fr)
CN (1) CN2731741Y (fr)
AT (1) ATE401677T1 (fr)
DE (2) DE10359622A1 (fr)
ES (1) ES2308285T3 (fr)
WO (1) WO2005060049A1 (fr)

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CN103682561B (zh) * 2013-12-31 2018-08-07 安弗施无线射频系统（上海）有限公司 天线系统中电偶极子的固定装置
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DE10359622A1 (de) 2005-07-21
ES2308285T3 (es) 2008-12-01
CN2731741Y (zh) 2005-10-05
DE502004007635D1 (de) 2008-08-28
WO2005060049A1 (fr) 2005-06-30
EP1695417A1 (fr) 2006-08-30
ATE401677T1 (de) 2008-08-15

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