EP3329545B1 - Antenne à double polarisation - Google Patents

Antenne à double polarisation Download PDF

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Publication number
EP3329545B1
EP3329545B1 EP16759682.4A EP16759682A EP3329545B1 EP 3329545 B1 EP3329545 B1 EP 3329545B1 EP 16759682 A EP16759682 A EP 16759682A EP 3329545 B1 EP3329545 B1 EP 3329545B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
antenna
dipole
slot
elements
slots
Prior art date
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Application number
EP16759682.4A
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German (de)
English (en)
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EP3329545A1 (fr
Inventor
Andreas Vollmer
Manfred Stolle
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Telefonaktiebolaget LM Ericsson AB
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Telefonaktiebolaget LM Ericsson AB
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Publication of EP3329545A1 publication Critical patent/EP3329545A1/fr
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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
    • H01Q1/00—Details of, or arrangements associated with, antennas
    • H01Q1/12—Supports; Mounting means
    • H01Q1/22—Supports; Mounting means by structural association with other equipment or articles
    • H01Q1/24—Supports; Mounting means by structural association with other equipment or articles with receiving set
    • H01Q1/241—Supports; Mounting means by structural association with other equipment or articles with receiving set used in mobile communications, e.g. GSM
    • H01Q1/246—Supports; Mounting means by structural association with other equipment or articles with receiving set used in mobile communications, e.g. GSM specially adapted for base stations
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
    • H01Q21/00—Antenna arrays or systems
    • H01Q21/24—Combinations of antenna units polarised in different directions for transmitting or receiving circularly and elliptically polarised waves or waves linearly polarised in any direction
    • H01Q21/26—Turnstile or like antennas comprising arrangements of three or more elongated elements disposed radially and symmetrically in a horizontal plane about a common centre
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
    • H01Q13/00—Waveguide horns or mouths; Slot antennas; Leaky-waveguide antennas; Equivalent structures causing radiation along the transmission path of a guided wave
    • H01Q13/10—Resonant slot antennas
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
    • H01Q9/00—Electrically-short antennas having dimensions not more than twice the operating wavelength and consisting of conductive active radiating elements
    • H01Q9/04—Resonant antennas
    • H01Q9/16—Resonant antennas with feed intermediate between the extremities of the antenna, e.g. centre-fed dipole
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
    • H01Q1/00—Details of, or arrangements associated with, antennas
    • H01Q1/36—Structural form of radiating elements, e.g. cone, spiral, umbrella; Particular materials used therewith
    • H01Q1/364—Structural form of radiating elements, e.g. cone, spiral, umbrella; Particular materials used therewith using a particular conducting material, e.g. superconductor

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a dual-polarized antenna having four dipole elements, each of which is arranged on an associated supporting element.
  • the dipole elements are dipole halves, two of which together form a dipole of the antenna.
  • two dipole elements lying opposite one another on the central axis of the antenna can form a dipole, with the planes of polarization of these two dipoles running orthogonally to one another.
  • Such a dual-polarized antenna is, for example, from EP 2 050 164 B1 known.
  • the dipole elements shown there are flat, with each dipole element occupying a quadrant of the antenna.
  • the dipole elements each consist of two separate sections arranged symmetrically to the plane of polarization of the dipole, which are arranged on a common support element and be fed via this.
  • a short gap is provided between the outer ends of the leg portions in some embodiments.
  • U.S. 6,034,649 , EP 6 859 00 B1 and U.S. 2013/0307743 A1 also show dual-polarized antennas with four dipole elements.
  • a single dipole element may consist of two sections supported on and fed by a common support member.
  • a dual-polarized antenna in which the dipole elements are formed by flat metal sheets, each making up a quadrant of the antenna, which are held on support elements. The power is fed via microstrip lines, which run crossed in the slots between the support elements.
  • pamphlet EP 2 851 996 A1 shows an antenna with four dipoles, which are each formed from two dipole elements, each dipole element being arranged on an associated support element.
  • the individual dipole elements and supporting elements of a dipole are separated from one another by a slit.
  • the WO 2013/143364 A1 discloses a dual polarized dipole antenna.
  • the antenna has two dipoles, each of the dipoles comprising two dipole elements and supported by support elements.
  • the object of the present invention to provide an improved dual-polarized antenna.
  • the broadband of the antenna should be increased and the volume of the antenna should be used better.
  • the present invention comprises a dual-polarized antenna having four dipole elements, each of which is arranged on an associated support element.
  • the dipole elements are dipole halves, two of which together form a dipole of the antenna.
  • a slot runs in the volume of the dipole elements, which is extended from the dipole element into the associated support element.
  • the inventors of the present invention have recognized that the slot running according to the invention in the volume of the dipole elements and associated support elements acts as an additional radiator and as a result the broadband capability of the antenna can be increased and the volume can be better used.
  • the extension of the slot from the The dipole element in the carrier element enables the slot to be of sufficient length for this purpose.
  • the present invention is used in particular in a dual-polarized antenna, in which two opposite dipole elements with respect to a central axis of the antenna form a dipole.
  • the four dipole elements are then four dipole halves, two of which together form a dipole of the antenna.
  • the planes of polarization of the two dipoles of the antenna preferably run orthogonally.
  • the support elements and/or the dipole elements can have a four-fold rotational symmetry with respect to a central axis of the antenna.
  • the support elements and/or the dipole elements can be arranged axially symmetrically with respect to a central axis of the antenna.
  • the antenna is preferably constructed in such a way that the support elements extend separately upwards from a base of the antenna, with the dipole elements extending outwards from the upper end of the support elements.
  • the dipole elements are arranged at a defined distance above the base of the antenna by the support elements, with the antenna usually being attached to the base on a reflector.
  • the support elements are preferably connected to one another mechanically and/or galvanically in the area of the base.
  • the support elements can preferably each extend essentially parallel to a central axis of the antenna.
  • the dipole elements preferably extend essentially along a plane which runs perpendicularly to the central axis of the antenna.
  • the slot arranged in the volume of a dipole element and the associated support element forms a slot radiator.
  • the antenna according to the invention can be combined with dipole radiators and slot radiators, with the slot radiators being arranged in the volume of the dipole radiators. This results in a very compact arrangement and effective use of the volume.
  • the planes of polarization of the slot radiators are preferably each perpendicular to the plane of polarization of the dipole element in whose volume they are arranged.
  • the plane of polarization of a slot radiator can run parallel to the plane of polarization of an adjacently arranged dipole element.
  • the lengthening of the slot according to the invention from the dipole element into the support element allows the slot to have a length that is advantageous for the radiation properties.
  • the inventors of the present invention have recognized that the length of the slot in the dipole element and in the support element has a decisive influence on the radiation properties of the antenna according to the invention.
  • the area of the slots extended into the support element preferably has a length of at least 0.1 ⁇ measured from the upper edge of the antenna, ⁇ being the wavelength of the center frequency of the lowest resonant frequency range of the antenna.
  • the slot in the support element preferably has a length of at least 0.15 ⁇ .
  • the slot in the support element preferably ends at a base area of the antenna and therefore does not go through the base area.
  • the lower end of the slot in the support element can be formed by a base area, which is adjoined by the base of the antenna.
  • the area of the slots running in the volume of the support elements preferably has a length of between 0.1 ⁇ and 0.4 ⁇ , measured from the upper edge of the antenna to the end of the slot. ⁇ is about the wavelength of the center frequency of the lowest resonant frequency range of the antenna. The length is preferably between 0.15 ⁇ and 0.35 ⁇ .
  • the area of the slots running in the volume of the dipole elements preferably has a length of between 0.1 ⁇ and 0.4 ⁇ , measured from an inner edge of the slot to an outer end or to the outer edge of the dipole elements.
  • ⁇ is the wavelength of the center frequency of the lowest resonant frequency range of the antenna.
  • the length is preferably between 0.15 ⁇ and 0.35 ⁇ .
  • the slots running in the volume of the support elements and the dipole elements can each have a total length of between 0.3 ⁇ and 0.7 ⁇ measured along the radial outer edge of the support element and the top edge of the dipole element.
  • ⁇ is the wavelength of the center frequency of the lowest resonant frequency range of the antenna.
  • the slots each have an overall length of between 0.4 ⁇ and 0.6 ⁇ .
  • the four support elements are each separated from one another by slots.
  • the slots between the support elements each have a length of between 0.1 ⁇ and 0.4 ⁇ , preferably between 0.15 ⁇ and 0.35 ⁇ , starting from the end of the slot in a base region of the antenna and extending to the upper edge of the antenna where ⁇ is the wavelength of the center frequency of the lowest resonant frequency range of the antenna.
  • the slots running in the volume of the support elements and the slots running between the support elements have a length from their end in the base area of the antenna to the upper edge of the antenna, which is preferably a maximum of 0.15 ⁇ and a maximum of 0. 1 ⁇ distinguishes.
  • ⁇ is the wavelength of the center frequency of the lowest resonant frequency range of the antenna.
  • the distance between a bottom side of the base and the top side of the antenna can be between 0.3 ⁇ and 0.7 ⁇ , preferably between 0.4 ⁇ and 0.6 ⁇ , ⁇ being the wavelength of the center frequency of the lowest Resonant frequency range of the antenna is.
  • a resonant frequency range of the antenna within the meaning of the present invention is generally referred to as a respectively coherent resonant frequency range of the antenna which has a return loss of better than 6 dB, preferably better than 10 dB, more preferably better than 15 dB.
  • the center frequency is the arithmetic mean of the highest and lowest frequencies in the resonant frequency range.
  • the resonant frequency range and thus the center frequency are preferably determined with respect to the impedance position in the Smith chart, assuming the following elements for optimal impedance matching and/or impedance transformation.
  • the slot running in the volume of a dipole element and the associated support element preferably begins above a base area of the antenna and extends from there upwards along the support element and further outwards from the inner edge of the dipole element.
  • the slot in the dipole element and in the associated support element runs in a plane that runs parallel to a center axis of the antenna, with the center axis preferably lying in the plane defined by the slot.
  • the slot preferably goes through the dipole element in the vertical direction. This divides the dipole element into two sections.
  • the slot can be open or closed towards the inner edge of the dipole element. According to the invention, the slot is open to the outer edge of the dipole element.
  • the slot is open at least towards the outside of the associated support element.
  • the slot passes through the support element at least over part of its extension in the radial direction.
  • the slot preferably passes through the support element in the radial direction, at least in a partial region of its extension adjoining the dipole element. At least an upper area of the support element is divided into two sections as a result.
  • the slot running in the volume of a dipole element and the associated support element can have a substantially constant width over its extent.
  • the width of the slot can vary by a maximum of 80% with respect to the maximum width in a range that makes up at least 80% of its length.
  • the width in this area preferably varies by a maximum of 50% in relation to the maximum width, more preferably by a maximum of 20% in relation to the maximum width.
  • the width of the slot can preferably vary by a maximum of 80% with respect to the maximum width in a range which makes up at least 95% of its length.
  • the width in this area preferably varies by a maximum of 50% in relation to the maximum width, more preferably by a maximum of 20% in relation to the maximum width.
  • the dipole elements form a dipole square whose diagonals are defined by the planes of polarization of the dipoles.
  • the slots in the volume of the dipole elements each run along the diagonals of the dipole square.
  • the respective dipole elements each occupy a quadrant of the dipole square and are separated from one another by slots.
  • the dipole elements themselves are then divided into two sections along the diagonals by the slots running in their volume.
  • the sections of the dipole elements are preferably symmetrical with respect to the diagonals.
  • the dipole square has a side length between 0.3 ⁇ and 0.7 ⁇ , where ⁇ is the wavelength of the center frequency of the lowest resonant frequency range of the antenna.
  • the side length is preferably between 0.4 ⁇ and 0.6 ⁇ .
  • the slots in the volume of the dipole elements and the support elements can extend in such a way that the sections of the dipole elements and/or the support elements separated by the slots are arranged radially around a central axis of the antenna. In particular, the sections are arranged radially next to one another.
  • the slots in the volume of the dipole elements and/or the slots in the volume of the support elements preferably each run radially with respect to the central axis of the antenna.
  • the slots of opposing dipole elements and/or support elements preferably run in the same plane.
  • the slots of adjacent dipole elements and/or support elements can run in planes that are orthogonal to one another.
  • the slots in the volume of the dipole elements and/or in the volume of the support elements each run along the planes of polarization of the antenna.
  • a dual-polarized antenna according to the present invention preferably has a feed which runs at least partially in the slots arranged in the volume of the support elements.
  • the feed of the antenna can comprise a conductor which runs at least partially in a slot arranged in the volume of a support element.
  • the antenna is preferably fed on the feed side in the bottom area of the slot.
  • the slot in the supporting element is thereby also fed and contributes to the radiation behavior of the antenna.
  • the feed preferably has two separate conductors for feeding the two polarizations of the radiator.
  • the two conductors preferably run crossed with one another.
  • Polarizations of the radiator that are preferably orthogonal to one another can be fed separately through the two conductors.
  • the conductors preferably feed the dipole in whose volume they are arranged.
  • the conductors preferably feed the slot radiators, which are formed by the slots in the volume of the dipole elements running diagonally thereto.
  • the slot radiator formed by a slot in the volume of a dipole element is therefore not fed by the conductor which runs in the slot of the associated support element, but by a conductor which runs in a slot of a support element of an adjacent dipole element.
  • the conductor of the feed on the feed side enters the slot at a bottom portion thereof and extends up the slot from the bottom portion.
  • the conductor can extend from a first slot in the volume of a first support element to an opposite second support element and preferably to the slot arranged therein.
  • the conductor can extend from the first half of a dipole across the central axis of the antenna to the opposite second half of the dipole in order to feed the dipole formed by the two dipole halves.
  • the conductor may preferably run up a first slot and then inward over a bend where the conductor turns into the second Slot extends.
  • the conductor preferably runs downwards via a further bend in the second slot.
  • the conductor preferably runs downwards in the second slot only over a relatively small distance and then ends.
  • the conductor can run downwards in the second slot over a length of less than 0.2 ⁇ and preferably less than 0.1 ⁇ , where ⁇ is the wavelength of the center frequency of the lowest resonant frequency range of the radiator.
  • the conductor can also essentially run down to the bottom area of the second slot and, more preferably, dip into a recess in the bottom area.
  • the sections of the crossing conductors for feeding the two polarizations are preferably shaped in the area in which they cross one another in such a way that a certain distance is maintained between the two conductors.
  • the conductor within the first slot is routed upwards essentially to a plane of the dipole elements before being routed via a bend to the opposite slot.
  • the conductor can be guided upwards in the first slot to a position which is at most 0.2 ⁇ and preferably at most 0.1 ⁇ away from the upper side of the antenna formed by the dipole elements, ⁇ being about is the wavelength of the center frequency of the lowest resonant frequency range of the antenna.
  • the conductor can be held in the slot by a dielectric holder.
  • the side walls of the slots in which the conductors run can have recesses or elevations.
  • the conductor over its extension have different diameters.
  • one or more dielectric elements can be arranged in the slot in which the conductor runs.
  • a matching circuit can be provided in a feed line to the antenna, for example sections with different widths when using a microstrip line.
  • the feed is provided via the inner conductor of a coaxial cable and/or a coaxial feed element, which extends within a slot in the volume of a support element.
  • the inner conductor is preferably routed upwards from a bottom region of the slot.
  • the inner conductor preferably runs as has already been described in more detail above with regard to the conductor.
  • the inner conductor can have an essentially circular cross section.
  • the base of the antenna has a recess in the bottom area of the slot for the insertion of the coaxial cable or the coaxial feed element.
  • at least the inner conductor can be inserted into this recess with a dielectric sleeve surrounding the inner conductor.
  • the cutout can be a groove open to the side, into which the coaxial cable and/or the coaxial feed element can be pushed laterally.
  • the groove can be shaped in such a way that the coaxial cable and/or the coaxial feed element can be clipped in at the side, i.e. is held in the groove by an undercut.
  • the coaxial cable and/or the coaxial feed element preferably has an outer conductor in the region of the groove, the upper end of which electrically defines the bottom region of the slot.
  • the recess can comprise an axial bore into which the coaxial cable and/or a coaxial feed element can be inserted axially.
  • the coaxial cable and/or the coaxial feed element has an outer conductor in the region of the bore.
  • the outer conductor can also be formed by the axial bore itself, so that the coaxial cable and/or the coaxial feed element does not have to have an outer conductor in the region of the bore.
  • the inner conductor is preferably surrounded, in particular concentrically, by insulation in the cutout of the base and in particular in the groove or axial bore.
  • an outer conductor of the coaxial cable and/or of the coaxial feed element can be galvanically or capacitively coupled to the base in the recess.
  • galvanic coupling an insulation of the coaxial cable is removed or, in the case of a coaxial feed element, no external insulation is provided in this area, so that the outer conductor comes into contact with the recess.
  • capacitive coupling on the other hand, the coupling takes place via the insulation of the outer conductor within the recess.
  • the base can also be coupled to an outer conductor or to ground outside of the recess.
  • the coupling can take place on the underside of the base.
  • the antenna can be fed via a coaxial cable, one end of which has no shielding, the remaining inner conductor running at least partially in a slot in the volume of a support element.
  • the inner conductor can be stripped of its insulation in this area. The inner conductor is preferably pre-bent in this area, so that the feeding of the antenna can be easily installed.
  • the coaxial cable can be inserted laterally, in particular clipped, into a groove that is open toward one side in the base of the antenna.
  • the cable has at least one insulation over which the inner conductor is guided in the groove.
  • the outer conductor or the shielding is preferably also provided in this area, which is preferably galvanically or capacitively coupled to the groove.
  • the antenna can be fed via a coaxial feed element, one end of which has no shielding, the inner conductor remaining in this area running at least partially in a slot in the volume of a support element, and the other end of which includes a connector for connecting a coaxial cable.
  • the inner conductor is preferably pre-bent.
  • the coaxial feed element can preferably be pushed laterally and preferably clipped into a groove, which is open toward one side, in the base of the antenna.
  • the coaxial feed element preferably has at least one insulation in the area in which it is arranged in the groove. It also preferably has an outer conductor there, which is preferably galvanically or capacitively coupled to the groove.
  • the two last-mentioned embodiments of the present invention have the advantage that at least the inner conductor no longer has to be soldered when the antenna is connected. If the outer conductor is coupled directly in the groove, it no longer has to be soldered either. In one possible embodiment, however, at least the outer conductor can be soldered to the antenna, preferably in the area of the base.
  • the antenna can be fed via a coaxial feed element, one end of which has no shielding, the inner conductor remaining there running at least partially in a slot in the volume of a support element and the other end of which is soldered to a circuit board which the antenna is located.
  • the inner conductor can preferably be pre-bent.
  • the coaxial feed element can preferably be pushed into an axial bore of the base.
  • the coaxial feed element preferably has only the inner conductor and insulation surrounding the inner conductor at least in the area of the axial bore, but no outer conductor.
  • the base of the antenna is preferably coupled separately to a ground connection on the circuit board.
  • the coupling takes place in particular on the underside of the base.
  • the coupling can, for example, take place capacitively with a ground plane arranged on the circuit board.
  • the coupling can also take place galvanically, for example by means of one or more soldering pins which are soldered to the ground of the circuit board.
  • the soldering pin or pins can also serve as a mechanical safeguard against twisting of the dipole during assembly.
  • the soldering pin or pins preferably goes through a hole in the circuit board.
  • the soldering pins can also serve electrical aspects such as port isolation and intermodulation.
  • the dual-polarized antenna according to the invention or the antenna body with the support arms and the dipole elements can be manufactured in any structural way.
  • the dipole elements can form separate components which are connected to the support elements.
  • the support elements can also form separate elements from one another, which are connected to one another and/or to a base.
  • the sections of the dipole elements and/or support elements formed by the slots can also be formed by separate elements.
  • the antenna body is designed in one piece.
  • the base, the support elements and the dipole elements of the antenna body are made in one piece.
  • the antenna body of an antenna according to the invention can be produced, for example, by bending sheet metal sections.
  • the antenna body is made of plastic.
  • the antenna body can either consist of a conductive plastic and/or with a conductive be coated layer.
  • the antenna body is particularly preferably produced by an injection molding process. As a result, the complex geometry of the antenna body according to the invention can be produced without any problems.
  • the present invention also includes an antenna arrangement with at least one and preferably several dual-polarized antennas according to the invention, as described in more detail above.
  • the antenna arrangement can include a reflector on which the antenna is arranged with its base.
  • the reflector preferably has a base plate which extends in a plane which runs perpendicularly to the central axis of the antenna.
  • the plane of the base plate of the reflector extends parallel to a plane in which the dipole elements extend.
  • the antenna arrangement can have a base plate and/or a reflector frame, which is arranged around the antenna, and/or reflector walls.
  • the reflector frame and/or the reflector walls can have essentially any shape and essentially any distance from the antenna.
  • the distance between the base plate of the reflector and the plane of the dipole elements in particular the distance between the top of the base plate of the reflector and the top of the antenna, can be between 0.3 ⁇ and 0.7 ⁇ , preferably between 0.4 ⁇ and 0.6 ⁇ , where ⁇ is the wavelength of the center frequency of the lowest frequency range of the antenna.
  • the antenna arrangement can comprise a circuit board on which one and/or preferably a plurality of antennas according to the invention are arranged.
  • the antenna arrangement can comprise a circuit board on which one and/or preferably a plurality of antennas according to the invention are arranged.
  • They can each be soldered to microstrip lines on the circuit board.
  • Matching circuits can be provided on the circuit board.
  • FIG. 1 to 3 a first exemplary embodiment of an antenna according to the invention is shown.
  • the general structure of the Figures 1 to 3 However, the antenna shown is also retained in the other exemplary embodiments.
  • the antenna has four dipole elements 1 to 4, which are each arranged on an associated support element 11 to 14. In a lower area of the antenna all supporting elements are connected to a base 5 of the antenna. From this common base, the support elements 11 to 14 extend separately upwards.
  • the dipole elements 1 to 4 are arranged at the upper end of the support elements and extend in a plane which is perpendicular to the central axis of the antenna.
  • the individual support elements and dipole elements are separated from one another by slots 25 .
  • the slots 25 are perpendicular to each other and thus divide the antenna into four quadrants.
  • a slot 21 to 24 is now provided in the volume of each dipole element 1 to 4, which is extended from the respective dipole element into the associated support element 11 to 14.
  • the slots 21 to 24 pass through the dipole elements 1 to 4 in the height direction and each divide them into two sections.
  • the dipole element 1 is thus separated into two sections 1 I and 1 II via the slot 21, for example.
  • the area of the slots extended into the support elements is open to the outside of the support elements.
  • the slot also extends radially through the support elements, at least in a region 80 adjoining the dipole elements, and therefore separates them into two sections.
  • the support element 11 is divided by the slot 21 into two sections 11 I and 11 II .
  • the area 80 in which the slits go radially through the support elements does not reach all the way to the bottom area 6 in the exemplary embodiment, but ends in a step 81 above the bottom area 6 of the slits.
  • the length of the slot is measured from the bottom portion 6 and, as will be explained in more detail below, is of crucial importance for the Radiation properties of the antenna.
  • the length of region 80 can be used for fine tuning and/or bandwidth expansion.
  • the slots in the area of the support elements become somewhat narrower towards the inside of the support elements before they pass radially through the support elements, and therefore enclose the inner conductors on the inside of the support elements somewhat more.
  • the areas of the slot in which it changes from the larger width to the smaller width are rounded off in the shape of a segment of a circle towards the inner conductor.
  • other configurations are also conceivable here. Regardless of the shape of the side walls of the slots in the area of the support elements, their width b1 is measured on the radius on which the conductor also runs.
  • the slots 21 to 24 each run diagonally in the supporting elements or dipole elements and thus along a plane which runs through the central axis of the antenna.
  • the antenna comprises eight dipole element sections which are each separate from one another and are each arranged on the base 5 via a supporting element section.
  • the dipole element sections and supporting element sections of a dipole or supporting element are separated from one another by the slots 21 to 24, the dipole sections or supporting sections of adjacent dipoles or supporting elements by the slots 25.
  • the antenna according to the invention is fed via conductors 31 and 32 which extend in the slots 21 to 24 in the volume of the support elements 11 to 24 .
  • the dipole elements 1 and 3 form a first dipole
  • the dipole elements 2 and 4 form a second dipole.
  • the first dipole is fed via conductor 32, the second dipole via conductor 31.
  • the planes of polarization of the two dipoles run diagonally to the dipole square formed by the dipole elements.
  • the slots 21 and 23 in the first dipole and the slots 22 and 24 in the second dipole thus each run along the plane of polarization of the associated dipoles.
  • the slots 21 to 24 in the dipoles and support elements act as slot radiators, so that the bandwidth is increased with optimal use of the available volume.
  • the slot radiators formed by the slots 22 and 24 in the dipole elements 2 and 4 have the same polarization as the first dipole formed by the dipole elements 1 and 3 .
  • the slot radiators formed by the slots 21 and 23 in the dipole elements 1 and 3 have the same polarization as the second dipole formed by the dipole elements 2 and 4 .
  • the slits in the volume of the second dipole thus have the same polarization as the first dipole and vice versa.
  • the slot radiators formed by the slots in the second dipole are fed by feeding the first dipole and vice versa.
  • the antenna according to the invention thus corresponds to a combination of dipoles and slot radiators, with the slot radiators belonging to one dipole being arranged in the volume of the other dipole. This results in a particularly compact arrangement.
  • figure 5 and 6 shows the E-field distributions of an antenna according to the invention when port 1 or port 2 is activated, ie when fed via the conductor 31 or the conductor 32, with different phases of the signal.
  • figure 5 shows the E-field at 3.5 GHz
  • 6 the E-field at 5.5 GHz.
  • the field in each case is shown in a plane parallel to the extension plane of the dipoles at the height of the dipoles.
  • the proportion of dipoles and slot radiators changes depending on the frequency.
  • the proportion of dipole radiators predominates on the total power
  • at the in 6 shown control with 5.5 GHz however, the proportion of slot radiators.
  • the exemplary embodiment according to the invention which is also shown in Figures 1 to 3 is shown together with a plot of the S-parameter versus frequency.
  • the solid line S1,1 shows the S-parameter for port 1, the dashed line S2,2 the S-parameter for port 2.
  • the dotted lines S1,2 and S2,1 show the crosstalk between the two ports.
  • the antenna for both ports has a wide frequency range of approx. 3.5 to 5.6 GHz, in which the S-parameter is less than -10 dB.
  • the overall width of the resonant frequency range for the two ports is essentially identical, but the best values are shifted in relation to one another. This is due to the slightly different routing of the conductors 31 and 32 of the respective ports.
  • the inventor of the present invention has also recognized that the length of the slits has a significant influence on the radiation behavior.
  • the antenna has a square base area which is defined by the planes of polarization running along the diagonals and the extension of the dipoles along these planes of polarization.
  • the four dipoles 1 to 4 each occupy a quadrant of the base area.
  • the base has a side length K.
  • K 0.5 ⁇ ⁇ 0.1 ⁇ , where ⁇ is the wavelength of the center frequency of the resonant frequency range of the antenna.
  • the slots 21 to 24 in the support elements extend from their end in the base area 5, ie from their bottom area 6, to the upper side 8 of the antenna over a length L.
  • the height of the base area up to the start of the slots has a height X on.
  • the total height of the antenna from a bottom 9 of the base to the top 8 accordingly has the length L+X.
  • the effective length of the slots is thus made up of the length of each slot in the area of the dipole element and the length L of the slot in the area of the associated support element.
  • the influence of the length L of the slot in the support element is based on figures 8 and 9 clarified.
  • the slots in the dipole elements which are extended into the support elements, preferably have a total length of 0.5 ⁇ ⁇ 0.1 ⁇ , where ⁇ is the wavelength of the center frequency of the resonant frequency range of the antenna.
  • This preferred length of the slots is also the reason for extending the slots into the support elements, since the slots in the dipole elements are only about 0.25 ⁇ in length and the optimal overall length would therefore exceed the length of the slots in the dipole elements .
  • the wavelength ⁇ of the center frequency of the antenna is approx. 64 mm.
  • the width b1 of the slots 21 to 24 is 4.6 mm in the exemplary embodiment.
  • the width b2 of the slots 25 between the support elements is 2.5 mm.
  • the width b1 and b2 of the slots is less critical.
  • the width of the slits, in particular the maximum width is preferably 0.15 ⁇ or less, preferably 0.1 ⁇ or less.
  • the dipole elements in the in Figures 1 to 3 has a flat, essentially square basic shape, so that the dipole sections formed by the slots 21 to 24 essentially have the shape of a triangle.
  • the inner sides 16 of the dipole sections form the longer side of the triangle and lie opposite one another across the slot running in the volume of the dipole element.
  • the two shorter legs 17 and 18 of the triangle are of equal length and have an angle of 90° to one another.
  • the sides 18 of adjacent dipole elements are in each case opposite each other via the slots 25, the outer sides 17 point outwards.
  • the corners between the shorter legs 17 and 18 have already been cut off slightly.
  • the base and the supporting elements of the exemplary embodiment V002 are constructed identically to the first exemplary embodiment, as are the inner sides 16 of the dipole elements and the slots forming these inner sides in the volume of the supporting elements and the dipole elements.
  • the dipole element sections no longer have a triangular shape, but the shape of a truncated triangle or an equilateral trapezium.
  • the base of the trapezoid is formed by the inner sides 16 of the dipole element sections, the legs by sections 27 which point to the outside of the antenna, and 28, via which the dipoles lie opposite adjacent dipoles via the slots 25 in each case.
  • the upper side of the trapezoid is formed by a side 29 running parallel to the base side 16 .
  • the antennas according to the invention also have a general shape, which will be described in more detail below.
  • the base 5 extends upwards from a base plane 9 of the antenna, with which the antenna can be arranged, for example, on a printed circuit board or a reflector, and is extended upwards by the support elements 11 to 14 .
  • the dipole elements 1 to 4 form a dipole plane 8 of the antenna, which runs parallel to the ground plane 9 .
  • the base 5 and the supporting elements 11 to 14 extend between the base plane 9 and the dipole plane 8. In its lower Area are the supporting elements with the base 5 in connection. In the upper area they carry the dipole elements 1 to 4.
  • the individual support elements and dipole elements are separated from one another by slots 25 which divide the antenna into four quadrants.
  • the crossing area of the slots 25 forms a central cutout 10 along the central axis of the antenna. In the exemplary embodiment, this also goes through the base. Alternatively, however, the base could also be closed in the area of the central axis.
  • the central recess is circular-cylindrical. However, other forms are also conceivable here.
  • the support elements and the dipole elements are arranged radially around the central recess 10 .
  • the conductors 31 and 32 of the feed run through the central recess 10 from a first slot of a support element to the opposite support element and in particular into the slot arranged there.
  • the conductors 31 and 32 of the feed intersect in the area of the center cutout.
  • the support elements run essentially parallel to the central axis of the antenna or perpendicular to the ground plane 9 and the dipole plane 8 .
  • the dipole elements extend radially outwards from the support elements.
  • the outer sides of the support elements form a cylinder that is interrupted by the slots.
  • the plate-shaped dipole elements are arranged on top of this cylinder and extend outwards over the cylinder.
  • other basic shapes for the support elements and the dipole elements are also conceivable here.
  • the body defined by the support elements and the slots lying between them and the central recess preferably has a cross-sectional area which makes up a maximum of 70% of the total base area of the antenna in the area of the dipole elements (including slots and central cutout), more preferably a maximum of 60%, further preferably a maximum of 50%.
  • the slits 25 between the individual support elements or dipole elements do not have to have a specific shape since they are only used for electrical isolation.
  • the length of these slits in the head, ie in the dipole square between the dipole elements, is also not of crucial importance, such as the comparison of the exemplary embodiments in 10 shows.
  • the length of the slots 25 in the base is significant for the radiation properties of the dipole radiator ( ⁇ /4 symmetrical slot and/or balun).
  • the slots 21 to 24 play a decisive role in the radiation characteristics of the antenna according to the invention, so that their length, as discussed in more detail above, must be matched to the overall dimensions of the antenna or to the wavelength of the center frequency of the antenna.
  • the width b1 of the slots 21 to 24 preferably varies over 80% and more preferably 95% of their entire extent by less than 50% with respect to the maximum width.
  • the slot has a comparable width in the area of the dipole elements and in the area of the support elements.
  • the support elements 11 to 14 have a certain thickness in the radial direction, just as the dipole elements have a certain thickness perpendicular to their plane of extension.
  • the ratio between the thickness of the support elements in the radial direction and the thickness of the dipole elements in the vertical direction is preferably between 1:5 and 5:1, preferably between 1:3 and 3:1.
  • the thickness of the support elements in the radial direction is preferably greater than the thickness of the dipole elements in the vertical direction.
  • the dipole elements each have a flat shape.
  • the dipole elements could also be rod-shaped run along the slots 21 to 24, ie each be formed by bars running parallel to the diagonals.
  • the antenna body of the antenna according to the invention is made of plastic, in particular as an injection molded part.
  • the antenna body is provided with a conductive coating.
  • the dipole elements and/or the support elements can also be made from sheet metal elements and/or metal rods. Casting the antenna from a metallic material is also conceivable.
  • the antenna body formed by the support elements and the dipole elements has four-fold symmetry with respect to the central axis as the axis of symmetry. Furthermore, the antenna body is symmetrical about the central axis.
  • the antenna is fed via the conductors 31 and 32 running in the slots of the support elements Figures 1 to 3 shown first embodiment used feed is now again in more detail with reference to 14 shown.
  • the feeding for the dipole formed by the dipole elements 1 and 3 takes place via a conductor 32, the feeding for the second dipole formed by the dipole elements 2 and 4 via a conductor 31.
  • the conductors 31 and 32 each essentially have the shape of an inverted one L or U up.
  • the conductors 31 and 32 extend upwards in the support element from the bottom region thereof in the slot 23 and 24, respectively, as seen from the supply side.
  • There is a further bend so that the conductor runs downwards in the slot. How out 14 you can see the conductor section, which runs down in the opposite slot, in the Embodiment relatively short. Alternatively, however, the conductor could also run all the way down through the entire slot.
  • the two conductors 31 and 32 intersect in the central recess 10 of the antenna in the area of the central axis.
  • the conductor 31 has a downward bend so that the conductor 32 can be passed over this bend.
  • the conductors are held in the slots via the dielectric support 35.
  • the dielectric holder 35 has clamps 38 which are arranged in the slots 21 to 24 and into which the conductors 31 and 32 can be clipped. Furthermore, the holder 35 has holding arms 37 by means of which it is held in the slots 25 . The retainer 35 thus ensures the correct placement of the conductors 31 and 32 in the slots.
  • the slots each have recesses 33 in their bottom area 6, through which the conductors 31 and 32 are passed.
  • the recess 33 is an axial bore, ie a bore which runs parallel to the central axis of the antenna and which goes through the base 5 of the antenna.
  • the conductors 31 and 32 have insulation 34 in the area in which they are passed through the cutouts 33 .
  • the conductors 31 and 32 are therefore the inner conductors of a coaxial cable or a coaxial feed element.
  • the inner conductor has a constant, circular cross section.
  • the line modes are used in the in 14 shown feed in the region of the axial bore 33 coaxially via the inner conductor 32 and acting as an outer conductor axial bore 33 in the gap.
  • the conduction modes become radiation modes, so that the antenna is fed in the bottom area of the slots.
  • the slots in which the inner conductors are routed preferably have essentially the same width as the cutout 33 in the bottom area of the slot, so that the impedance jump is not too large.
  • the width b1 of the slots is preferably between half and twice the diameter of the recess 23.
  • coaxial feed elements are used, which consist only of the inner conductor 31 or 32 and the coaxial insulation 34 in the area of the cutout 33 .
  • the inner conductors 31 and 32 are extended beyond the lower end of the insulation 34 and their lower ends can pass through holes in a board to which they are soldered.
  • the antenna is connected to ground separately, for example via a soldering pin which is arranged on the antenna body, in particular on the base, and which is soldered to the circuit board.
  • FIG 15a a corresponding exemplary embodiment of an antenna arrangement is shown, in which the antenna is connected via the 14 Coaxial feed elements shown is connected to a circuit board 50.
  • the antenna lies with its underside 9, ie with the base 5, on the upper side of the circuit board 50.
  • the feed-side ends of the coaxial feed elements 31 and 32 pass through holes in the circuit board and are soldered to microstrip lines 51 and 52, respectively, on the underside of the circuit board.
  • the antenna base preferably also has a ground pin, with which it is soldered to a ground area of the circuit board. The soldering can be done on the top of the circuit board.
  • the conductors 31 and 32 terminate in an upper region of the slots opposite the supply side.
  • the ends of the coaxial feed elements opposite the feed side could also be guided down to the base area 6 and there through bores 33 through the base. Accordingly, the inner conductors would also have insulation 34 on the opposite side where they pass through the bore.
  • the inner conductors can be soldered to a ground connection of a printed circuit board on the side opposite the feed side.
  • the ends of the coaxial feed elements opposite the feed side could also be galvanically coupled to the dipole elements or the support elements.
  • the reflector 50 has a base plate which is perpendicular to the central axis of the antenna and thus runs parallel to the main plane of the dipole elements.
  • the distance can also be selected to be larger in order to achieve a different radiation characteristic.
  • the distance could also be 0.5 ⁇ ⁇ 0.1 ⁇ .
  • the reflector also has a reflector frame 51 which is arranged around the antenna.
  • the reflector frame also has a square base, where the sides of the square frame 51 are aligned parallel to the outer sides 17 of the dipole square.
  • the reflector frame 51 thus has the same orientation as the dipole square.
  • the reflector frame can also have a different shape or comprise further reflector elements, for example wings arranged on the reflector frame.
  • tapering elements 60 are arranged in the gap 23, which change the width of the gap.
  • the tapering elements are arranged in the area of the feed slot in which the feed conductor 32 runs, ie between two sections of a support element.
  • the antenna can be adapted by changing the width of the gap.
  • FIG 16b an alternative way of guiding the feeder conductors 31 and 32 in the slots is shown.
  • the conductors 31 and 32 run through dielectric bodies 61, which are arranged in the volume of the slots in the support elements and fill them out in the exemplary embodiment.
  • the dielectric bodies 61 On their underside, the dielectric bodies 61 have extensions 62 in the form of hollow cylinders, with which they can be inserted into the recesses 33 at the bottom of the slots and via which the conductors are insulated from the base.
  • a coherent dielectric body is used, which fills all four slots.
  • the shape of the in conductors 31 and 32 may be that in 14 conform to the shape shown and described above.
  • a third exemplary embodiment of the antenna according to the invention is shown.
  • the exemplary embodiment corresponds to that already in Figures 1 to 3 shown embodiment, so that reference is made to the above description in this regard.
  • the differences of the in 17 and 18 shown embodiment compared to that Figures 1 to 3 shown embodiment discussed in more detail.
  • This in 17 and 18 The embodiment shown enables a comparison to the embodiment in Figures 1 to 3 shown embodiment, a different assembly of the conductors 31 and 32.
  • the slots 23 and 24 of the support elements 13 and 14, in which the conductors 31 and 32 run on the supply side, have outwardly open grooves 63 in their bottom region, into which the conductors 31 and 32 can be pushed laterally.
  • the conductors 31 and 32 are formed in a first variant by the pre-bent ends of coaxial cables 71 and 72 freed from the outer conductor, or in a second variant are designed as pre-bent inner conductors of coaxial feed elements.
  • the conductors 31 and 32 each have outer conductors 73 and 74, the upper end of which electrically forms the bottom of the slots 23 and 24, respectively.
  • the conductors 31 and 32 are the ends of the inner conductors of coaxial cables in which the outer conductor or the shielding of the coaxial cable has been removed.
  • the dielectric covering around the inner conductors was also removed.
  • the coaxial cable still has its outer conductor 73 or 74, which is preferably electrically coupled to the antenna body within the groove.
  • the outer conductor can be uncovered in the area of the groove for this purpose, and thus contact the inner surface of the groove 63 directly.
  • the coupling is galvanic.
  • the coaxial cable still has its outer insulation in the region of the groove 63 and is capacitively connected there to the groove.
  • the outer conductor can also be coupled to the antenna body in some other way, for example by a soldered connection.
  • the feeders 31 and 32 are the inner conductors of coaxial feed elements, which each have a coaxial plug connector on the feed side for connecting a coaxial cable.
  • the coaxial feed elements can have the same structure as described above with regard to the first variant.
  • an outer conductor 73 or 74 of the coaxial feed element can also be coupled capacitively or galvanically to the groove in this case.
  • the conductors 31 and 32 can be mounted on the antenna body so that they are pushed with the areas 73 and 74 in the grooves 63 laterally. This makes it possible to mount the feed at least without soldering the inner conductors 31 and 32 .
  • soldering can also be dispensed with for the outer conductor.
  • the outer conductor can be coupled to the antenna body by a solder connection.
  • the inner conductors 31 and 32 are preferably pre-bent and are held in the gaps by the dielectric mount 35 .
  • the groove 63 extends the slots 23 and 24 downward through the base.
  • the outer conductors 73 and 74 form the bottom area 6 of the slot.
  • the length of the slot L is therefore determined by the in 17 and 18 illustrated embodiment of the upper edge of the outer conductors 73 and 74 starting upwards.
  • An antenna arrangement according to the invention comprises at least one, but preferably a plurality of antennas according to the invention, which are arranged on one or more reflectors.
  • a plurality of antennas according to the invention are preferably arranged with the same alignment on a common mounting plate and form an antenna arrangement according to the invention.

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Claims (15)

  1. Antenne à double polarisation comportant quatre éléments dipôles (1-4), dont chacun est disposé sur un élément de support associé (11-14), dans laquelle les éléments dipôles (1-4) sont des moitiés de dipôles, dont deux forment ensemble un dipôle de l'antenne, dans laquelle une fente (21-24) s'étend respectivement dans le volume des éléments dipôles (1-4) qui se prolonge de l'élément dipôle (1-4) dans l'élément de support associé (11-14), caractérisée en ce que la fente (21-24) est ouverte au moins vers l'extérieur de l'élément de support associé (11-14) et/ou que la fente (21-24) est ouverte vers le bord extérieur de l'élément dipôle (1-4).
  2. Antenne à double polarisation selon la revendication 1, dans laquelle chacun des deux éléments dipôles (1-4) opposés par rapport à l'axe central de l'antenne forme un dipôle, dans laquelle les plans de polarisation des deux dipôles de l'antenne sont orthogonaux et/ou dans laquelle les éléments de support (11-14) et/ou les éléments dipôles (1-4) présentent une quadruple symétrie de rotation par rapport à un axe central de l'antenne et/ou dans laquelle les éléments de support (11-14) et/ou les éléments dipôles (1-4) sont disposés axialement symétriquement par rapport à un axe central de l'antenne, et/ou dans laquelle les éléments de support (11-14) s'étendent depuis une socle (5) de l'antenne séparément vers le haut, et les éléments dipôles (1-4) s'étendent vers l'extérieur depuis l'extrémité supérieure des éléments de support (11-14) et/ou dans laquelle les éléments de support (11-14) s'étendent chacun sensiblement parallèlement à un axe central de l'antenne et/ou dans laquelle les éléments dipôles (1-4) s'étendent sensiblement dans un plan perpendiculaire à un l'axe central de l'antenne.
  3. Antenne à double polarisation selon la revendication 1 ou 2, dans laquelle la fente (21-24) agencée dans respectivement le volume d'un élément dipôle (1-4) et de l'élément de support associé (11-14) forme un radiateur à fente, dans laquelle le plan de polarisation du radiateur à fente est de préférence perpendiculaire au plan de polarisation de l'élément dipôle (1-4) dans le volume duquel il est disposé et/ou parallèle au plan de polarisation d'un élément dipôle disposé de manière adjacente (1-4).
  4. Antenne à double polarisation selon une quelconque des revendications précédentes, dans laquelle la zone des fentes (21-24) prolongée dans l'élément de support (11-14) présente une longueur d'au moins 0,1 À mesurée à partir du bord supérieur (8) de l'antenne, dans laquelle λ est la longueur d'onde de la fréquence centrale de la plage de fréquences de résonance la plus basse de l'antenne, de préférence une longueur d'au moins 0,15 λ,
    et/ou dans laquelle la fente (21-24) aboutit dans l'élément de support (11-14) dans une zone de socle (5) de l'antenne, dans laquelle l'extrémité inférieure de la fente de l'élément de support (11-14) est de préférence formée par une zone de base (6), sur laquelle repose le socle (5) raccorde l'antenne,
    dans laquelle la zone de la fente (21-24) s'étendant de préférence dans le volume des éléments de support (11-14) présente une longueur comprise entre 0,1 et 0,4 λ mesurée du bord supérieur (8) de l'antenne à l'extrémité de la fente (21-24), dans laquelle λ est la longueur d'onde de la fréquence centrale de la plage de fréquences de résonance la plus basse de l'antenne, de préférence, une longueur entre 0,15 Å et 0, 35 λ,
    et/ou
    dans laquelle la zone des fentes (21-24) s'étendant dans le volume des éléments dipôles depuis un bord intérieur de la fente (21-24) jusqu'à une extrémité extérieure ou jusqu'au bord extérieur des éléments dipôles mesurés présente une longueur entre 0,1 et 0,4 λ, dans laquelle λ est de préférence la longueur d'onde de la fréquence centrale de la plage de fréquences de résonance la plus basse de l'antenne, de préférence une longueur comprise entre 0,15 et 0,35 λ et/ou
    dans laquelle les fentes (21-24) s'étendant dans le volume des éléments de support (11-14) et des éléments dipôles (1-4) présentent respectivement le long du bord extérieur radial de l'élément de support et du bord supérieur (8) de l'élément dipôle (1-4) une longueur totale mesurée comprise entre 0,3 et 0,7 λ, dans laquelle λ est la longueur d'onde de la fréquence centrale de la plage de fréquences de résonance la plus basse de l'antenne, de préférence une longueur totale comprise entre 0,4 et 0,6 λ,
    et/ou dans laquelle les quatre éléments de support (1 1-14) sont séparés les uns des autres par des fentes (21-24), dans laquelle les fentes (21-24) et les fentes (21 -24) s'étendant entre les éléments de support présentent une longueur depuis leur extrémité dans une zone de socle (5) de l'antenne jusqu'au bord supérieur (8) de l'antenne, qui se différencie d'un maximum de 0,15 λ et de préférence d'un maximum de 0,1 λ, dans laquelle λ est la longueur d'onde de la fréquence centrale de la plage de fréquences de résonance la plus basse de l'antenne.
  5. Antenne à double polarisation selon une des revendications précédentes, dans laquelle la fente (21-24) s'étendant dans le volume d'un élément dipôle (1-4) et l'élément de support associé (11-14) commence au-dessus d'une zone de socle de l'antenne et de là vers le haut le long de l'élément de support (11-14) et s'étend davantage vers l'extérieur à partir d'un bord intérieur de l'élément dipôle (1-4), et/ou dans laquelle la fente (21-24) traverse le dipôle (1-4) dans le sens de la hauteur, dans laquelle la fente (21-24) traverse de préférence l'élément de support (11-14) sur au moins une partie de son extension dans le sens radial et/ou la fente (21-24) est ouverte vers le bord intérieur de l'élément dipôle (1-4), et/ou dans laquelle la fente (21-24) s'étend dans le volume d'un élément dipôle (1-4) et l'élément de support associé (11-14) présente une largeur sensiblement constante sur son extension, et/ou dans laquelle la largeur de la fente (21-24) dans une zone, qui représente au moins 80% et de préférence 95% de sa longueur, varie d'au maximum 80% par rapport à la largeur maximale, de préférence d'au maximum 50%, plus préférentiellement d'au maximum 20% par rapport à la largeur maximale.
  6. Antenne à double polarisation selon une quelconque des revendications précédentes, dans laquelle les éléments dipôles (1-4) forment un carré dipolaire, dont les diagonales sont définies par les plans de polarisation des dipôles, avec les fentes (21-24) dans le volume des éléments dipôles (1-4) de préférence le long de la diagonale du carré dipolaire,
    dans laquelle le carré dipolaire présente de préférence une longueur de côté comprise entre 0,3 λ et 0,7 λ, dans laquelle λ est la longueur d'onde de la fréquence centrale de la plage de fréquences de résonance la plus basse de l'antenne, de préférence une longueur de côté comprise entre 0,4 et 0,6 λ, et/ou dans laquelle des sections séparées par les fentes (21-24) des éléments dipôles (1-4) et/ou des éléments de support (11-14) sont disposées radialement autour d'un axe central de l'antenne, et/ou dans laquelle les fentes (21-24) dans le volume des éléments dipôles (1-4) et/ou les fentes (21-24) dans le volume des éléments de support (11-14) s'étendent chacune radialement par rapport à l'axe central de l'antenne, dans laquelle les fentes (21-24) d'éléments dipôles opposés (1-4) et/ou d'éléments de support (11-14) s'étendent de préférence dans le même plan et/ou dans laquelle les fentes (21-24) d'éléments dipôles adjacents (1-4) et/ou des éléments de support (11-14) s'étendent de préférence dans des plans orthogonaux entre eux
    et/ou dans laquelle les fentes (21-24) dans le volume des éléments dipôles (1-4) et/ou les fentes (21-24) dans le volume des éléments de support (11-14) s'étendent chacune le long des plans de polarisation de l'antenne.
  7. Antenne à double polarisation selon une des revendications précédentes, dans laquelle l'alimentation de l'antenne comprend un conducteur (31, 32), qui s'étend au moins partiellement dans une fente (21-24) ménagée dans le volume d'un élément de support (11-14), dans laquelle l'alimentation s'effectue de préférence du côté d'alimentation dans la zone de base (6) de la fente (21-24).
  8. Antenne à double polarisation selon la revendication 7, dans laquelle l'alimentation comprend de préférence deux conducteurs distincts (31, 32) pour alimenter les deux polarisations du radiateur, qui s'étendent croisés l'un à l'autre,
    dans laquelle les conducteurs (31, 32) alimentent chacun le dipôle, dans le volume duquel ils sont disposés, et d'autre part les radiateurs à fentes, qui sont formés par les fentes (21-24) dans le volume des éléments dipôles (1-4) s'étendant en diagonale vers celui-ci.
  9. Antenne à double polarisation selon la revendication 7 ou 8, dans laquelle le conducteur (31, 32) de l'alimentation du côté d'alimentation pénètre dans la fente (23, 24) dans une région inférieure (6) de celle-ci et s'étend depuis la région inférieure (6) dans la fente (23, 24) vers le haut,
    et/ou dans laquelle le conducteur (31, 32) s'étend d'une première fente (23, 24) dans le volume d'un premier élément de support (13, 14) vers un deuxième élément de support opposé (11, 12) et de préférence la fente située dans celui-ci (21, 22),
    dans laquelle le conducteur (31, 32) s'étend de préférence initialement vers le haut dans la première fente (23, 24) puis vers l'intérieur via un coude, à partir duquel le conducteur s'étend dans la deuxième fente (21, 22) et de préférence descend via un autre coude dans la deuxième fente (21, 22),
    et/ou dans laquelle le conducteur (31, 32) est de préférence maintenu par un support diélectrique (35) dans la fente (21-24).
  10. Antenne à double polarisation selon une quelconque des revendications 7 à 9, dans laquelle les parois latérales de la fente (21-24) dans laquelle passe le conducteur (31, 32) présentent des évidements ou surélévations, et/ou dans laquelle la conducteur via son prolongement présente des diamètres différents et/ou dans laquelle dans la fente (21-24) dans laquelle passe le conducteur, un ou plusieurs éléments diélectriques (61) sont disposés, et/ou dans laquelle une ligne d'alimentation (51, 52) vers l'antenne présente un circuit d'adaptation, notamment des tronçons de largeurs différentes.
  11. Antenne à double polarisation selon une des revendications 7 à 10, dans laquelle l'alimentation s'effectue par le conducteur interne d'un câble coaxial et/ou d'un élément d'alimentation coaxial, qui s'étend dans une fente (23, 24) d'un élément de support, dans laquelle le conducteur interne est de préférence guidé vers le haut depuis une zone de base de la fente (23, 24), dans laquelle le socle (5) de l'antenne présente de préférence un évidement (33) dans la zone de base de la fente (23, 24) pour insérer le câble coaxial ou l'élément d'alimentation coaxial, dans laquelle l'évidement (33, 63) comprend de préférence une rainure (63) ouverte d'un côté, dans laquelle le câble coaxial et/ou l'élément d'alimentation coaxial peuvent être poussés latéralement et de préférence clipsés, ou dans laquelle l'évidement (33, 63) comprend de préférence un alésage axial (33) dans laquelle le câble coaxial et/ou un élément d'alimentation coaxial peut être enfoncé axialement.
  12. Antenne à double polarisation selon la revendication 11, dans laquelle le conducteur interne et/ou le conducteur externe (73, 74) dans l'évidement du socle (5) est entouré d'isolant, dans laquelle un conducteur externe (73, 74) de préférence dans l'évidement (33, 63) est couplé galvaniquement ou capacitivement au socle (5), et/ou le socle (5) est couplé de préférence à l'extérieur de l'évidement (33, 63) avec un conducteur extérieur (73, 74) ou la masse, notamment sur sa face inférieure.
  13. Antenne à double polarisation selon une des revendications 7 à 12, dans laquelle l'antenne est alimentée via un câble coaxial dont une extrémité est dépourvue de blindage, dans laquelle le conducteur interne y restant s'étend au moins partiellement dans une fente (21-24) dans le volume d'un élément de support (11-14), dans laquelle le conducteur intérieur est de préférence pré-courbé et/ou le câble coaxial peut de préférence être inséré latéralement et de préférence clipsé dans une rainure (63) ouverte d'un côté dans le socle (5) de l'antenne, dans laquelle le conducteur extérieur (73, 74) est également de préférence couplé galvaniquement ou capacitivement à la rainure (63), ou
    dans laquelle l'antenne est alimentée par un élément d'alimentation coaxial dont une extrémité est dépourvue de blindage, dans laquelle le conducteur intérieur restant là s'étend au moins partiellement dans une fente (21-24) dans le volume d'un élément de support (11-14), et l'autre extrémité comprend un connecteur pour connecter un câble coaxial, dans laquelle le conducteur intérieur est de préférence pré-courbé et/ou l'élément d'alimentation coaxial peut de préférence être poussé latéralement et de préférence clipsé dans une rainure (63) du socle (5) de l'antenne ouverte d'un côté, dans laquelle le conducteur extérieur est également de préférence couplé galvaniquement ou capacitivement à la rainure,
    ou
    dans laquelle l'antenne est alimentée par un élément d'alimentation coaxial dont une extrémité est dépourvue de blindage, dans laquelle le conducteur interne y restant s'étend au moins partiellement dans une fente (21-24) du volume d'un élément de support (11-14), et dont l'autre extrémité est soudée à une carte de circuit imprimé (50), sur laquelle l'antenne est agencée, dans laquelle le conducteur interne est de préférence pré-courbé et/ou l'élément d'alimentation coaxial peut de préférence être inséré dans un alésage axial (33) du socle (5), dans laquelle le socle (5) de l'antenne est de préférence couplé séparément à une connexion de masse sur la carte de circuit imprimé (50) est, en particulier sur sa face inférieure et/ou connectée de manière capacitive à un plan de masse disposé sur la carte de circuit imprimé (50) et/ou galvaniquement par une ou plusieurs broches à souder de l'antenne traversant la carte de circuit imprimé (50).
  14. Antenne à double polarisation selon une quelconque des revendications précédentes, dans laquelle le corps d'antenne est réalisé en un seul tenant, et/ou dans laquelle le corps d'antenne est réalisé en plastique, dans laquelle le corps d'antenne est constitué d'un plastique conducteur et/ou est revêtu d'une couche conductrice, dans laquelle le corps d'antenne est de préférence produit par un processus de moulage par injection.
  15. Agencement d'antennes comportant au moins une et de préférence plusieurs antennes à double polarisation selon une des revendications précédentes, dans lequel le socle de l'antenne est de préférence agencé sur un réflecteur, dans lequel le réflecteur présente de préférence une plaque de base qui s'étend dans un plan perpendiculairement à l'axe central de l'antenne, et/ou un cadre réflecteur et/ou des parois réflectrices.
EP16759682.4A 2015-09-01 2016-08-31 Antenne à double polarisation Active EP3329545B1 (fr)

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DE102015011426.3A DE102015011426A1 (de) 2015-09-01 2015-09-01 Dual-polarisierte Antenne
PCT/EP2016/001472 WO2017036599A1 (fr) 2015-09-01 2016-08-31 Antenne à double polarisation

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KR (1) KR20180040707A (fr)
CN (1) CN108352598B (fr)
AU (1) AU2016316454B2 (fr)
DE (1) DE102015011426A1 (fr)
WO (1) WO2017036599A1 (fr)

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Publication number Publication date
AU2016316454B2 (en) 2020-09-10
EP3329545A1 (fr) 2018-06-06
CN108352598A (zh) 2018-07-31
US11024980B2 (en) 2021-06-01
DE102015011426A1 (de) 2017-03-02
US20180337462A1 (en) 2018-11-22
AU2016316454A1 (en) 2018-04-12
KR20180040707A (ko) 2018-04-20
WO2017036599A1 (fr) 2017-03-09
CN108352598B (zh) 2021-08-10

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