EP1691601A2 - Dispositif de pulverisation de liquides et porte-buses - Google Patents

Dispositif de pulverisation de liquides et porte-buses

Info

Publication number
EP1691601A2
EP1691601A2 EP04797870A EP04797870A EP1691601A2 EP 1691601 A2 EP1691601 A2 EP 1691601A2 EP 04797870 A EP04797870 A EP 04797870A EP 04797870 A EP04797870 A EP 04797870A EP 1691601 A2 EP1691601 A2 EP 1691601A2
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
valve
active substance
active ingredient
metering
spraying device
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Withdrawn
Application number
EP04797870A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Inventor
Wolf-Dieter Wichmann
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Lechler GmbH
Original Assignee
Lechler GmbH
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Lechler GmbH filed Critical Lechler GmbH
Publication of EP1691601A2 publication Critical patent/EP1691601A2/fr
Withdrawn legal-status Critical Current

Links

Classifications

    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01M—CATCHING, TRAPPING OR SCARING OF ANIMALS; APPARATUS FOR THE DESTRUCTION OF NOXIOUS ANIMALS OR NOXIOUS PLANTS
    • A01M7/00—Special adaptations or arrangements of liquid-spraying apparatus for purposes covered by this subclass
    • A01M7/0089—Regulating or controlling systems
    • A01M7/0092—Adding active material
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B05—SPRAYING OR ATOMISING IN GENERAL; APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
    • B05B—SPRAYING APPARATUS; ATOMISING APPARATUS; NOZZLES
    • B05B7/00—Spraying apparatus for discharge of liquids or other fluent materials from two or more sources, e.g. of liquid and air, of powder and gas
    • B05B7/24—Spraying apparatus for discharge of liquids or other fluent materials from two or more sources, e.g. of liquid and air, of powder and gas with means, e.g. a container, for supplying liquid or other fluent material to a discharge device
    • B05B7/26—Apparatus in which liquids or other fluent materials from different sources are brought together before entering the discharge device
    • B05B7/28—Apparatus in which liquids or other fluent materials from different sources are brought together before entering the discharge device in which one liquid or other fluent material is fed or drawn through an orifice into a stream of a carrying fluid
    • B05B7/32—Apparatus in which liquids or other fluent materials from different sources are brought together before entering the discharge device in which one liquid or other fluent material is fed or drawn through an orifice into a stream of a carrying fluid the fed liquid or other fluent material being under pressure

Definitions

  • the invention relates to an injection device for spraying liquids, in particular for agricultural purposes, comprising a carrier liquid tank, a carrier liquid pump, a plurality of spray nozzles and associated nozzle holders for connecting the spray nozzles to a carrier liquid line, at least one active substance tank and a plurality of metering pumps connectable to the active substance tank for conveying active ingredient ,
  • the invention also relates to a nozzle holder for an injection device according to the invention.
  • an injection device for agricultural purposes in which an active ingredient is fed upstream of a mixing chamber in a carrier liquid line. Downstream of the mixing chamber is a branch to the individual spray nozzles.
  • the spraying device has a calibration device in order to set a metered amount of active ingredient.
  • an injection device for spraying liquids in particular for agricultural purposes, is provided with a carrier liquid tank, a carrier liquid pump, a plurality of spray nozzles and associated nozzle holders for connecting the spray nozzles to a carrier liquid line, at least one active substance tank and a plurality of metering pumps connectable to the active substance tank for conveying active ingredient in which each nozzle holder is associated with at least one metering pump which is in flow communication with the nozzle holder.
  • each nozzle holder is associated with at least one metering pump, an injection of the active ingredient can take place immediately before the spray nozzles.
  • the feed to the nozzle holder has the advantage that the carrier liquid line itself can be kept free of active ingredient.
  • the spray nozzles and can pumps in several sections a change in the active ingredient concentration by sections width is realized separately.
  • no residual amounts of active compound mixed with carrier liquid are formed. If several active ingredients are used at the same time, chemical incompatibilities between different active substances are almost meaningless due to the short residence times between metering pumps and spray nozzles.
  • At least one metering pump is arranged on each nozzle holder. In this way, particularly short distances and a compact structure can be achieved. The dead times when changing the drug concentration are further minimized.
  • a mixing chamber is arranged on each nozzle holder.
  • a control unit which calculates an amount of active ingredient to be metered in control pulses, the metering pumps have a defined flow rate per working stroke and can be driven by means of corresponding control pulses.
  • the active ingredient lines can be dispensed with a flow meter, since the metered amount of active ingredient from the number of pulses in conjunction with the defined flow rate per stroke of the metering results.
  • the control unit determines the number of AnSteuerimpulse in response to a setpoint specification for an active ingredient concentration and a current sponsored by the Sufiüsstechniks- pump carrier liquid quantity.
  • the control unit determines the number of AnSteuerimpulse in response to a setpoint specification for an active ingredient concentration and a current sponsored by the Sufiüsstechniks- pump carrier liquid quantity.
  • the metering pumps can be driven by means of hydraulic pulses.
  • the electrical energy consumption is low, characterized in that only the controller is electrically or electronically operated, the actual drive power is generated hydraulically.
  • an injection device for spraying liquids is to be created in which a still existing after completion of the spraying operation in the drug lines existing drug can be conveyed back into a drug tank.
  • an injection device for spraying liquids with a carrier liquid tank, a carrier liquid pump, a plurality of spray nozzles, at least one active substance tank and a plurality of at least one active substance supply line to the active substance tank connectable metering pump is provided in which a compressed air connection is provided on the active substance supply line to active ingredient in a return operation to press into the drug tank.
  • a plurality of nozzle holders with dosing pumps are connected in series to the active substance supply line and the compressed air connection is provided in the active substance supply direction downstream of the last dosing pump.
  • the plurality of nozzle holders are arranged in sections, several of which are provided. Each section is a Generalumblenwirkstoffmakersstechnisch associated with a compressed air connection.
  • a nozzle holder for an injection device according to the invention which has a mixing chamber and / or a metering pump.
  • FIG. 1 is a sectional view of a metering pump for the injection device according to the invention according to a first embodiment
  • FIG. 2 is a sectional view of a metering pump according to a second embodiment
  • FIG. 3 is an illustration of the metering pump of FIG. 1 in a power stroke or pressure cycle
  • FIG. 4 shows the metering pump of FIG. 1 in a rest or negative pressure cycle
  • FIG. 5 is a sectional view of a nozzle holder according to the invention with mixing chamber and dosing pump for direct dosing,
  • FIG. 6 shows the nozzle holder of FIG. 5 in the injection mode
  • FIG. 8 shows a representation of a drive system for the metering pumps according to a further embodiment for different dosages on the sections
  • FIG. 9 is a sectional view of a metering pump similar to FIG. 1,
  • FIG. 10 is a sectional view taken along the line A-A of FIG. 9,
  • 11 is a sectional view taken along the line BB of FIG. 10 in an intake stroke
  • 12 is a sectional view taken along the line BB of FIG. 10 in a conveyor cycle
  • FIG. 13 is a plan view of an electro-hydraulic flat slide pulse valve in the hydraulic drive system of FIGS. 7 and 8,
  • FIG. 14 is a sectional view taken along the line A-A of FIG. 13 in a rest or negative pressure cycle
  • 15 is a sectional view taken along the line A-A of FIG. 13 in a pulse clock or pressure clock
  • 16 is a sectional view taken along the line B-B of FIG. 13 in a pulse clock or clock cycle
  • FIG. 17 shows an illustration of an active ingredient supply system for the injection device according to the invention
  • FIG. 18 is a sectional view of a float valve in the drug delivery system of FIG. 17; FIG.
  • FIG. 19 is a sectional view of a hydraulically actuated suction lance with rinsing function in the active substance supply system of FIG. 17 during suction,
  • FIG. 20 shows the intake lance of FIG. 19 rinsing
  • 21 is a sectional view of a membrane-sealed piston metering pump for an injection device according to the invention
  • 22 shows a sectional view of a membrane-sealed piston metering pump according to a further embodiment
  • Fig. 23 is an illustration of the piston metering pump of Fig. 21 in a working cycle
  • FIG. 24 is a sectional view taken along lines A-A of FIGS. 21 and 23.
  • FIG. 24 is a sectional view taken along lines A-A of FIGS. 21 and 23.
  • the invention provides a crop protection syringe with direct dosing of the active ingredients on the nozzle holders by means of hydraulically driven dosing pumps.
  • the active ingredients are not added to the carrier liquid in the broth.
  • the booster tank is used only as a storage tank for pure water, except for the application of liquid fertilizers and salts.
  • the desired concentration of the active ingredients is generated directly at each nozzle holder in order to avoid pre-production, residual quantities and large amounts of contaminated liquid in the storage container.
  • the mixing ratio between water and active ingredient is generated by a computer, which makes it possible to switch active substances on and off and to change their concentration during the injection process.
  • metering pumps are provided on each nozzle holder. These metering pumps are hydraulically driven and convey a precisely defined quantity of liquid per membrane stroke. With the assignment of an exact same flow rate per stroke and metering pump, which is arranged on the nozzle holder, a computer is able to define to be conveyed liquid quantities in pulses. Based on setpoint specifications and the measured amount of water currently being pumped, a computer is capable of producing the required Pulse rate for the production of a predefined drug concentration to generate.
  • the electrical impulses of the computer are converted by an independent hydraulic system into hydraulic impulses, which drive the diaphragms in the metering pumps of the nozzle holders.
  • the homogeneous distribution and mixing of the non-continuously supplied active ingredients with the water is ensured by a mixing chamber, which is part of each nozzle holder.
  • the method or the injection device according to the invention can be used in all areas of agricultural, horticultural and orchard plant protection.
  • the spraying device can be used in all areas in which changing mixing ratios of different liquids in consequence of changing setpoint specifications or flow rates are required.
  • dosing pumps in the future, which always promote a precisely equal amount of liquid during a power stroke or a pulse.
  • This exactly the same flow rate per pulse at each nozzle makes it possible to define the delivery of the active ingredients in pulses according to the setpoint specifications and to generate the required pulse frequency by a computer.
  • the invention considerably simplifies the operation of the field sprayer.
  • the user enters the target values for the mixing ratios between water and active ingredient (in the future called concentration) into the computer and the computer currently produces this concentration during the work.
  • concentration the target values for the mixing ratios between water and active ingredient (in the future called concentration) into the computer and the computer currently produces this concentration during the work.
  • this relieves the user of preliminary calculations of the application rates and the associated error risk.
  • this significantly reduces the contact of the user with the chemicals.
  • this invention ensures an exact dosage of active ingredients with low application rates and distribution risks due to insufficient stirring performance or unfavorable container shapes are avoided.
  • the invention is based on a field sprayer with the same nozzle tubes, nozzles, water pressure generation and water control, as they are common today in crop protection. Deviating from the current state of the art with mixed broth in Brühe actuallyer but new systems and assemblies are available.
  • a hydraulic part-width metering pump drive is provided.
  • G An electro-hydraulic flat slide pulse valve or several such pulse valves.
  • the dosing pumps or active ingredient pumps are constructed in such a way that the dosing pumps or their membranes always convey an exactly equal amount of active ingredient per delivery cycle. If the volume of liquid delivered per delivery cycle and the number of nozzles present on the device are known as a multiplier, then the amount of active substance delivered per cycle (momentum) can be defined exactly. The amount of active substance to be delivered can thus be calculated according to the currently funded amount of water and the predetermined concentration and defined in pulses. This is possible by assigning a precisely promoted amount of active ingredient to each pulse.
  • a computer is with appropriate software capable of, for example, three active ingredients, possibly even divided into sections, to generate the necessary to produce the desired concentration pulse frequency, according to the following specifications:
  • Input pulse frequency of the encoder or flow meter.
  • the nozzle holder 10 further comprises a mixing chamber 16 and a hydraulic diaphragm valve 18 for opening a liquid supply to a spray nozzle 20.
  • the diaphragm valve 18 In the rest position, the diaphragm valve 18 is closed by spring pressure by a spring 22 by a cone 24.
  • a membrane 28 of the diaphragm valve 18 Via a hydraulic connection 26, a membrane 28 of the diaphragm valve 18 is pressurized. If a defined overpressure is applied to the membrane 28, it presses the cone 24 out of its seat and releases a flow connection to the spray nozzle 20.
  • the spray nozzle 20 is fixed by means of a union nut 21 on the nozzle holder 10.
  • the metering pumps 12, 14 are, as shown in Fig. 5, once mounted on the right side of the nozzle holder 10 and on the rear side.
  • a further metering pump can be arranged on a front side of the nozzle holder 10, which is not visible in FIG. 5.
  • the nozzle holder 10 has feed openings 30, 32, passes through the drug by means of metering pumps 12, 14 in a flow of water from a carrier liquid line 34 to which the nozzle holder 10 is fixed and with which it is in flow communication.
  • the feed openings 30, 32 relative to the water flow in almost the same position or Are located approximately the same height, the not visible in FIG. 5 front metering pump, the right in Fig. 5 metering pump 14 and the rear in Fig. 5 metering pump 12 are rotated by 90 °.
  • the mixing chamber 16 is constructed so that the water and the active ingredients are passed in countercurrent, ie, that the inlet and outlet openings the same side, as can be seen in FIG. 5.
  • the distribution and mixing of water and active ingredients is achieved by two perforated apertures 36, which are inserted between the inlet region located at the top in FIG. 5 and the outlet region located at the bottom in FIG. 5.
  • the holes in the pinholes 36 are dimensioned so large that the sum of their passage corresponds approximately to the maximum possible flow rate in the intended application. This ensures that the liquid flow is inevitably distributed to all existing holes of the pinhole apertures 36 and thus over the entire length of the mixing chamber 16.
  • the same number of bores are arranged on the upper aperture 36 in FIG. 5 and on the lower aperture 36 in FIG. 5.
  • the holes of the upper aperture plate 36 and the holes of the lower aperture plate 36 are offset from each other, however.
  • FIG. 6 which shows the nozzle holder 10 in the mixing and spraying operation
  • two effects are thereby produced.
  • the liquid flows through the mixing chamber 16 in the entire length and thereby penetrates down through the apertured diaphragms 36.
  • an optimal distribution of the active ingredients in the longitudinal direction of the flow due to the countercurrent in the upper portion of the mixing chamber 16 and in the lower portion of the mixing chamber 16, an optimal distribution of the active ingredients in the longitudinal direction of the flow.
  • the carrier liquid water is indicated by means of black dots
  • a first, fed through the feed opening 32 active ingredient is indicated by light gray dots
  • a second, fed through the feed opening 30 active ingredient is indicated by dark gray dots.
  • the diaphragm valve 18 provided in the lower region of the nozzle holder, just in front of the spray nozzle 5, is opened by active pressure of the hydraulic system which is connected to the connecting piece 26, so that the cone 24 is opened via the diaphragm 28 is lifted from its seat in the nozzle holder 10 and thereby liquid can reach the spray nozzle 20.
  • the nozzle holder 10 according to the invention is arranged directly on the carrier tube 34 and has a total, despite the mixing chamber 16 and up to three metering pumps 12, 14 are arranged directly on the nozzle holder 10, a compact construction on.
  • the nozzle holder 10 according to the invention makes it possible by integration of the mixing chamber 16 despite the short distances to the spray nozzle 20, a good mixing between the active ingredient and the carrier liquid.
  • the metering pumps 14, 40 shown in FIGS. 1 to 4 are manufactured in sandwich construction.
  • the metering pump 14 shown in FIG. 1 is constructed from a plurality of suitably shaped parts 42, 44, 46, 48, 50 and 52, which combine the function of the housing and the function openings in themselves. Between these moldings a valve diaphragm 54 and a conveyor diaphragm 56 are clamped, which simultaneously take over the seal. Among themselves the moldings are sealed by flat gaskets 58 in the illustrated embodiment. Other types of seals are possible.
  • the moldings are compressed by a total of four tie rods 60, which extend through bores in the mold components, as they are recognizable, for example, in the illustration of FIG. 10 and designated there by the reference numeral 62.
  • the negative pressure in the system at rest position of the delivery diaphragm 56 is necessary to move the delivery membrane 56 of the metering pumps back to the rest position shown in Fig. 4 and thereby aspirate active ingredient. This is aided by the elasticity of the membrane material, which is stretched for delivery. For this reason, for the rest position, a flat support of the delivery diaphragm 56 has been selected on the Unterdrucklochmatrize the molding 50 to relax in the rest position, the structure of the membrane material. From a likewise possible lenticular design of the delivery chamber was only taken to protect the membrane material distance.
  • the delivery membrane 56 then moves into the position shown in FIG. 3 in the power stroke or pressure cycle, the active substance is forced out of the delivery space through the valve membrane 3 into the outlet opening or feed opening 30.
  • a flow connection between the active ingredient supply line 66 and the delivery chamber is closed by means of the valve membrane 54.
  • the valve diaphragm 54 is shown in more detail in FIGS. 10 to 12 and is provided at two precisely predetermined positions with two outlet slots 68, of which only one is visible in FIG. However, the second exit slot, not visible in FIG. 10, is identical to the visible exit slot 68 and, in the view of FIG. 10, is only covered by the shaped part 9.
  • Suction and pressure valve of the valve diaphragm 3 are produced by the opposite mounting of the two identical, oppositely mounted mold parts 44, 46 in the form of perforated plates, between which the valve diaphragm 54 is clamped. These molded parts or perforated plates 44, 46 are each provided with two valve holes and with a round passage opening 72. Be these three components, the perforated plates 44, 46th and the interposed valve membrane 54 is mounted as shown, it produces both the suction valve and the pressure valve as shown in FIG. 9.
  • valve diaphragm 54 conceals both the valve holes 70 of the suction side 4 and the valve holes 74 of the pressure side, because the outlet slots 68 of the valve diaphragm 54 are located exactly between the valve bores 70, 74. If the delivery diaphragm 56 is therefore pressurized in accordance with FIG. 9, the active substance presses from the pumping chamber through the valve bores 70 onto the valve diaphragm 54. This is raised, as shown in FIG. 12, and the active substance can enter the outlet or the inlet - Departure 30, as shown in Fig. 12.
  • valve diaphragm 54 the pressure of the active substance in the pumping chamber presses on the valve diaphragm 54 in the region of the intake valve. There, the valve diaphragm 54 is pressed onto the valve bores 74 and seals them as shown in FIG. 12.
  • the intake valve When the delivery diaphragm 56 is sucked back to its rest position, the intake valve operates as shown in FIG. 11 by lifting the valve diaphragm 54 away from the valve bores 74 and thereby delivering drug from the drug delivery line 66 through the valve ports 74 and the valve port 68 of the valve diaphragm 54 can flow the delivery room.
  • the Ventiibohrept 70 are closed on the outlet side characterized in that the valve diaphragm 54 is pressed against them.
  • a certain minimum pressure is necessary, which is predetermined by the elasticity of the membrane material and necessary for reliable operation.
  • the function of the valves only by the arrangement and the consistency or the material properties the valve diaphragm generates. Susceptible valve balls or valve bodies or springs are avoided.
  • valve diaphragms 54 may be connected in series. This opens up the option of improving the reliability of complicated media and higher pressures, reducing the load on the membrane and creating redundancies.
  • a further embodiment of a metering pump according to the invention is shown in the sectional views of FIGS. 21, 22, 23 and 24 and is referred to as diaphragm-sealed piston metering pump with slot diaphragm valve.
  • the diaphragm metering pump shown in FIGS. 1 to 4 has the advantage that in the design approach, the harsh conditions in agriculture, the aggressiveness of the pumped liquids and the large number of movement cycles were taken into account and mechanical components were generally omitted. Due to the exact specification of the shape of the pump diaphragm in rest position and promotion has a change in the consistency or material properties of this membrane, for example, by aging, no effect on the stroke and thus the flow rate.
  • a membrane-sealed piston metering pump 80 is provided according to the invention. As shown in Fig. 21, this metering pump 80 is manufactured in sandwich construction and is similar in basic construction of the diaphragm metering pump. The same slit membrane valves in a simple design according to FIG. 21 as well as in a double version according to FIG. 22 are used.
  • a base plate 82 which, in addition to its function as a housing, produces an abutment for a return spring 84 and a stop for a piston 86.
  • a base plate 82 In the base plate 82 openings for a flow are present.
  • a sealing membrane 88 Under a sealing membrane 88 is the piston 86, which is guided by guideways 90 in the cylinder 92, see Fig. 24. Also in this metering the sealing membrane 88 is in the rest position on a Lochmatrize 94, but here caused by the pressure of the piston 86th caused by the return spring 84. If a hydraulic pressure pulse via the hydraulic port 96, the sealing membrane 88 and with it the piston against the force of the return spring 84 in the illustration of Fig.
  • the piston 86 defines the position under pressure in this metering pump and undertakes the return movement of the sealing membrane 88 during dismantling the pressure pulse and the fixation of the sealing membrane 88 in the rest position by the pressure of the return spring 84th In this way it is possible to dispense with the generation of a negative pressure in the drive system to reach the rest position, since the return spring 84 takes over the provision and fixation. Also, the negative pressure for sucking the liquid to be delivered is thus generated by the spring pressure. In this way, shorter cycle times in the generation of the pressure pulses due to the elimination of the vacuum clock and thus the reduced potential difference can be achieved with each pulse.
  • a separate hydraulic drive system is provided for the metering pumps according to the invention.
  • Such a hydraulic drive system is shown in a first embodiment in FIG. 7 and in a second embodiment in FIG. 8.
  • the hydraulic drive system of FIG. 7 comprises a hydraulic fluid reservoir 100, a low power gear pump 102 driven in concert with the water pump for injection, at least one flat slide pulse valve 104, and other fittings, which will be further described below.
  • FIGS. 7 and 8 only the hydraulic drive system for an active ingredient is shown. In the optional use of two or three active substances and a corresponding number of metering pumps, the hydraulic drive system from the flat slide pulse valve 104 is present several times.
  • hydraulic fluid for example, glucose-based brake fluid or an used the appropriate liquid of the same consistency.
  • the container 100 for the hydraulic fluid is designed in size so that its content and its surface sufficient for cooling the hydraulic fluid.
  • a vacuum valve 106 is arranged so that hydraulic fluid is sucked out of the container 100 only when a pressure of approx. -0.5 to -0.7 bar prevails as a result of the negative pressure of the vacuum valve 106.
  • a pressure limiting valve 108 is present.
  • the flat slide pulse valve 104 For converting the electrical impulses of the computer output into hydraulic impulses for driving the metering pumps, the flat slide pulse valve 104 is used, the structure of which will be explained in detail below in paragraph G.
  • the flat slide pulse valve 104 generates a hydraulic pulse from an electrical pulse generated by the computer 109.
  • this impulse results from a pressure change in the hydraulic drive system from -0.5 bar to 10 bar and back to -0.5 bar.
  • the duration of the electrical pulse which is generated by the computer, is to be determined and optimized in the test.
  • the necessary electrical see pulse duration is chosen so that a complete power stroke of each existing metering pump can be completed even under the most unfavorable conditions. It should be noted that several factors have a negative effect on the time until completion of the delivery cycle of each dosing pump in the system. The most important factor is the phase of the pressure potential change and especially the pressure reduction. In addition, there are inertia of the liquid flows per se, the stretching and contraction of the pipe material and the working time of the membranes.
  • the flat slide pulse valve 104 according to the dependent of the working width existing sections 112, 114, 116, 118, 120 subordinate part valves 110, which interrupt the connection between the flat slide pulse valve 104 and the metering pumps 14 of the associated section.
  • common motor valves are used here, which absorb power only during the switching process.
  • the drive for each individual partial width 112, 114, 116, 118, 120 can thereby be switched on or off separately.
  • the partial widths are switched off in this embodiment of the hydraulic drive system by switching off the electrical pulse signals applied to the flat slide pulse valves 104a, 104b, 104c, 104d, 104e, so that separate section valves can be dispensed with.
  • the computer 109 may separately shut off the electrical pulse signal for each of the flat slide pulse valves 104a, 104b, 104c, 104d, 104e, and also supply each of these flat slide pulse valves 104 with a different pulse signal.
  • FIGS. 13, 14, 15 and 16 show the electrohydraulic flat slide pulse valve 104 according to the invention.
  • the electrohydraulic flat slide pulse valve 104 according to the invention is required in order to enable short switching times and thereby to provide the lowest possible mechanical resistance, irrespective of the pressure or negative pressure to be switched.
  • the goal is the use of relatively small pull magnet with relatively low power consumption, since with full optional equipment up to 15 flat slide pulse valves 104 must be controlled simultaneously.
  • the required electrical energy is an important factor.
  • 13 to 16 has a plastic housing 122.
  • a flat slide 124 made of metal is arranged so that it is easily movable between two cast metal plates 126 in the housing.
  • the flat slide 124 is ground into the metal plates 126 and seals by its fit. The resulting leaks are irrelevant to the function of the system.
  • a return spring 128 is present.
  • the flat slide 124 covers two openings, a negative pressure opening 130 for the negative pressure and an overpressure opening 132 for the overpressure.
  • the flat slide 124 is provided with a rectangular passage opening 125, which is arranged so that it is in the rest position of the flat slide 124, as shown in Fig. 14, with the vacuum opening 130 in the housing 122 aligned.
  • the positive pressure port 134 and the negative pressure port 136 are located on one side of the housing 122 and the port 138 for the pulse lines leading to the metering pumps on the other side of the housing 122 and the flat valve 124, respectively ,
  • the return spring 128 sets the flat slide 124 As a result, the overpressure opening 132 is closed and the vacuum opening 130 is opened again, since the passage opening 125 in the flat slide 124 now aligns with the vacuum opening 130 in the housing 122 according to FIG. 14.
  • the schematic view of Fig. 17 shows an active agent delivery system according to a preferred embodiment of the invention.
  • the active substance supply system has an active ingredient reservoir 156, from this outgoing Wirkstoffzu 1900 Gustaven 152a, 152b, 152c, 152d, 152e, 152f and 152g, which lead to the individual sections, each with a plurality of metering pumps 14.
  • the metering pumps 14 of each section are disposed on a respective support tube 154a, 154b, 154c, 154d, 154e, 154f and 154g.
  • the support tubes supply not shown nozzle holder and spray nozzles with water.
  • a water supply system is not shown in FIG. 17 for the sake of clarity.
  • the active substance delivery system shown it is possible to deliver active ingredient directly to the metering pumps before the start of injection, so that only a neglected time delay occurs at the beginning of spraying until the correct, preset active compound concentration is present at the spray nozzles.
  • the illustrated drug delivery system it is possible with the illustrated drug delivery system to reclaim after completion of spraying the drug in the feed lines in the drug reservoir 156.
  • the active ingredients are positioned in the preferred embodiment in the rear of a field sprayer on the water tank, not shown, to prevent the emergence of unnecessary negative pressures.
  • a drug reservoir 156 the delivery containers of chemical suppliers or even optimized for the system container be used.
  • the feed, prefetch and purge system also referred to as the fill and refill system or drug delivery system, is unique to each different drug.
  • the system shown in FIG. 17 would thus be present three times.
  • the active ingredient system shown in Fig. 17 can be ensured that at the start of injection of the drug is directly in the metering pumps 14 in stock.
  • the active substances contained in the supply lines 150 can be conveyed back into the active substance storage container 156 after the end of the injection process. Since then only the adhering to the inner walls of the active substance residues must be rinsed out and applied, reduces the necessary effort and the necessary Spüligange considerably.
  • a pre-promotion and a return of the active ingredient is done with compressed air.
  • a small compressor 158 is driven together with the water pump, not shown, and also not shown gear pump for the hydraulic drive system.
  • An overpressure valve 160 regulates the overpressure and a vacuum valve 162 in the intake region regulates the negative pressure in this pneumatic system. The optimum values for the overpressure and the negative pressure must be determined in the test.
  • An overpressure container 164 and a vacuum container 166 hold the necessary for filling and emptying compressed air volume.
  • the dosing pumps 14 are supplied in groups via the active substance lines 150, are connected one after the other and in series to an active substance supply line 150a, 150b, 150c, 150d, 150e, 150f, 150g and the active ingredient flows through the dosing pumps 14 of a group or a partial width in succession through the carrying out supply ports.
  • These supply openings are designated by the reference numeral 66 in FIG. 1 and FIG.
  • a float valve 168 is provided behind the last metering pump 14.
  • Float valve 168 is shown in greater detail in FIG.
  • the float valve 168 has a housing 170, in which a float 172 is arranged, which is mounted in the housing 170 on its upper side and its lower side by means of a guide shaft 174.
  • the float 172 is thus longitudinally displaceable within the housing 170, in the illustration of FIG. 18, upwards or downwards.
  • a valve above the float 172 consisting of a conical seat 176 at a passage opening in the housing and a valve body 178 arranged on the guide shaft 174 ensures that no active substance can enter the compressed air connection 180 and thus into the piping of the compressed air system.
  • An agent supply line 150 is connected to the connecting piece 182 and the compressed air system to the connecting piece 180.
  • An encoder 184 signals when the float 172 is in its upper end position and thus the float chamber is filled in the housing with active ingredient. Conversely, it can also be detected by means of the encoder 184 when the float 172 has dropped to the position shown in FIG.
  • the user Prior to the start of injection, the user places an aspirating lance 186 in the drug-filled container 156.
  • the aspirating lance 186 is shown in greater detail in Figs.
  • a calibration valve 188 which is designed as a multi-way valve is placed on passage and a purge valve 190 at the bottom of the lance 186, which is located in the drug reservoir 156, on the aspiration of active ingredient.
  • the electropneumatic switching valve 192 is thereby opened and by the then at each end of the active ingredient supply lines 150 of the individual sections widths negative pressure of about -0.5bar, the drug from the drug reservoir 156 via a claw 194 and by the metering pumps 14 of each group or Part width sucked through. If the active ingredient arrives at the end of this supply line and thus at the respective float valve 168, it lifts the float 172 of the float valve 168 and thus closes the end of the line 150 with respect to the negative pressure, which still supports the closing of the valve. The valve of the float valve 168 thus seals with the negative pressure.
  • each float valve 168 electronic encoder 184 signals the user when the valve is closed and thus the respective dosing pump group is supplied with active ingredient. Now the user can release the push button, whereby the electropneumatic switching valve 192 is closed again. Since the float chamber of the float valve 168 is now filled with active substance, the float valve 168 remains closed during the subsequent injection operation.
  • a cleaning program is provided by the computer 109 of the control unit, which automatically triggers and controls the processes described below.
  • the electropneumatic switching valve 196 is opened.
  • the compressed air tank 164 is in communication with the float valves 168.
  • a test to be determined in the test then compressed air is fed into the system, so that the float valves 168 are pressed, which seal in compressed air against the pressure, and in the metering pumps 14 and In the pipeline system active ingredients are pushed back into the drug reservoir 156. As the active ingredients go up have been removed from the drug reservoir 156, a backflow after emptying the lines 150 is not possible.
  • the electropneumatic switching valve 192 closes again and the purge valve 190 at the bottom of the suction lance 186 is switched, so that instead of active substance now water is sucked.
  • the connection to the water tank is indicated in FIG. 17 by the letter "R".
  • the switching of the purge valve 190 will be explained in detail with reference to FIGS. 19 and 20.
  • the electropneumatic switching valve 192 opens, and the negative pressure then applied to the float valves 168 fills the supply lines 150 with water through the metering pumps 14 up to the float valves 168.
  • control unit 109 generates the highest, technically possible number of pulses for the metering pumps 14 in order to convey as much water as possible for the flushing in as short a time as possible.
  • the intake lance 186 to be introduced into the drug reservoir 156 is shown in detail in FIGS. 19 and 20.
  • the illustrated suction lance 186 the entire drug system can be rinsed from entering the lance 186 at.
  • the active ingredient is sucked in via the suction opening 202.
  • a suction tube 204 is located here as an inner tube in an outer tube 206. Between the inner tube 204 and the outer tube 206 is water, which is supplied via a connection 208 which is in communication with the water tank.
  • the active ingredient is sucked in via suction slots 210 at the lower end of the intake pipe 204.
  • FIG. 19 the position for sucking active substance is shown in FIG. 19 and the flushing position of the suction lance in FIG. 20.
  • a decisive factor for the invention is the quantity of liquid delivered per pulse and metering pump.
  • a calibration valve 188 is provided in the supply, prefeeding and rinsing system, as shown in FIG. With this calibration Valve 188, the suction lines 150 of the metering pumps 14 behind the claw 194 can be switched to a measuring cylinder 220.
  • This measuring cylinder 220 is filled in a calibration in a first mode in the state up to a calibration mark with water. Then the user starts in the computer of the control unit "calibration mode 1". In calibration mode 1, the computer 109 sends exactly 100 pulses to the metering pumps 14.
  • the sucked water is conveyed by the metering pumps 14 into the nozzle tubes, since the nozzles themselves are closed.
  • the aspirated amount of liquid can then be read on the measuring cylinder 220 and then entered into the computer.
  • the computer 109 With the number of nozzles known to the computer 109 as a divisor, the computer 109 then calculates the required value.
  • a calibration run can also be made after a second calibration mode, designated "calibration mode 2".
  • a short distance is normally hosed with the aim of ensuring proper filling and function of all metering pumps 14.
  • the calibration valve 188 is switched and filled active ingredient in the measuring cylinder 220.
  • the user starts the "calibration mode 2" in the computer 109.
  • the user now sprays about 50 meters distance normally during a calibration drive.
  • the computer 109 counts the sent during this route to the metering pumps 14 pulses in the background.
  • the user inputs the amount conveyed from the measuring cylinder 220 into the computer 109. With the counted pulses and the number of metering pumps 14 as a divisor, the computer 109 is now able to determine the required value.
  • the active ingredients can be added to the carrier, usually water, directly to the nozzle holders.
  • the carrier usually water
  • the reservoir of the sprayer is only Pure water carried.
  • An exception is the still possible application of liquid fertilizers and salts.
  • hydraulically driven active ingredient or dosing pumps directly at each nozzle holder of a field spray promote the active ingredients in the mixing ratio predetermined by the user to the water.
  • the amount of active ingredient to be injected is defined in pulses based on the amount of water currently being dispensed and the predetermined mixing ratio.
  • metering pumps are provided which have a precisely defined flow rate per stroke.
  • diaphragm pumps can be used, wherein the position of the membrane at pressure and negative pressure by a pressure and a vacuum die is exactly specified.
  • membranes or pistons of drug or metering pumps are moved to the nozzle holders by hydraulic pressure and optionally negative pressure and thus driven.
  • a stand-alone hydraulic drive system is provided, which can generate a potential difference, such as overpressure and vacuum, and as hydraulic fluid uses a glucose-based brake fluid or other fluid with the same consistency.
  • an electrical pulse signal is converted by an electrohydraulic pulse valve into hydraulic pulses of a hydraulic fluid.
  • the electro-hydraulic pulse valve for example, bring a negative pressure to the diaphragm of the metering pumps in the rest position and on the other hand also deliver a precisely defined pressure pulse.
  • the electrohydraulic pulse valve may have a flat slide sealed by fitting between two metal plates. A shutdown of individual metering pumps, for example, the metering of a part width, can be done in that together with the nozzles of a part width and the metering of the part width are switched off by interrupting the hydraulic drive.
  • a separate, electrohydraulic pulse valve may be provided for each partial width, so that then partial-width-specific pulse valves may be provided. different concentrations can be generated.
  • a shutdown of the individual sections via the interruption of the electrical and thus the hydraulic pulses
  • Up to three metering pumps can be provided per nozzle holder, which convey in delivery pulses into a mixing chamber belonging to each nozzle holder.
  • water and active ingredient are passed in countercurrent, by the inlet opening and outlet opening of the mixing chamber are on the same side.
  • a plurality of pinhole apertures with a predefined hole size are present between the inlet opening and the outlet opening. The liquid is thereby forced to flow through the mixing chamber in the entire length and to flow over the entire length in the pinhole. This results in a mixture in the longitudinal direction of the liquid flow and a forced turbulence on the way through the pinhole.
  • valves membranes of rubber or a similar elastic material are used, in which there are eccentrically slot-shaped openings. Passage openings in the valve housing are spaced from these slot-shaped openings, so that the membranes cover these openings at rest. By congestion or delivery pressure on these holes, the membrane can then be raised, and the liquid can flow through the slot-shaped opening. Loaded in the opposite direction, the membrane is pressed onto the holes and closes them reliably.
  • the pressure of the sealing membrane material on the valve opening to be closed is not by springs, but by the consistency of the material and the special arrangement of slit-shaped opening and valve holes.
  • a pneumatic active agent management system which uses a pneumatic overpressure to carry out a return of the active substances contained in the active ingredient line system into the container in the case of a field sprayer.
  • Pneumatic negative pressure can be used to feed active ingredients to the metering pumps.
  • the invention thus also has for its object to use a pneumatic system for the prefetching or recirculating active ingredient in an injection device.
  • the negative pressure of the pneumatic system against the drug lines can be sealed off by float valves, wherein the completed pre-conveying or return conveying is detected by electrical or electronic means and forwarded to the control unit.
  • an aspirating lance is provided, which allows a switch to a rinsing function directly at the foot of the lance.
  • the switching of this lance can be done by electrical or hydraulic means.
  • the amount of fluid actually delivered per pulse and metering pump can be determined.
  • active substances are removed from a measuring cylinder in the intake area in a calibration operation in order to determine the volume delivered.
  • the control unit then conveys in the calibration operation, for example, exactly one hundred delivery pulses for the metering pumps.
  • the amount of liquid delivered can be read on the graduated cylinder and the delivery rate per pulse and metering pump can be determined from the delivered quantity of liquid, the number of nozzles or the number of metering pumps as divisor.
  • Calibration can also be performed by a calibration run.
  • the calibration process can also be carried out with active ingredient.
  • active ingredients When spraying a certain distance the active ingredients are removed from a measuring cylinder in the intake of the metering pumps and the control unit counts during the calibration drive the pulses sent to the metering pumps. From the delivered amount of active substance, for example, read on the measuring cylinder, the number of pulses detected and the number of Dosierpum- pen as divisor can then be calculated per impulse and metering pump funded amount of active ingredient.
  • a membrane-sealed piston metering pump is proposed.
  • the travel of a diaphragm through a rest-bearing die on the one hand and a piston on the other hand is exactly limited.
  • the diaphragm moves, driven by hydraulic pressure, the piston up to a fixed stop.
  • the position of the piston defines the exact position of the diaphragm in this state.
  • a spring under the piston pushes it and thus the diaphragm against the rest-bearing die.
  • the exact rest position of the membrane is achieved.
  • such a metering pump always delivers with each hydraulic drive pulse an exactly equal flow rate, for the drive of this metering pump only a pressure potential, but no negative pressure is required.

Landscapes

  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Insects & Arthropods (AREA)
  • Pest Control & Pesticides (AREA)
  • Wood Science & Technology (AREA)
  • Zoology (AREA)
  • Environmental Sciences (AREA)
  • Feeding, Discharge, Calcimining, Fusing, And Gas-Generation Devices (AREA)
  • Catching Or Destruction (AREA)
  • Accessories For Mixers (AREA)

Abstract

L'invention concerne un dispositif de pulvérisation de liquides notamment destiné à un usage agricole, comportant un réservoir à liquide porteur, une pompe à liquide porteur, plusieurs buses de pulvérisation, des porte-buses correspondants destinés à connecter les buses de pulvérisation à une conduite de liquide porteur, au moins un réservoir à agent actif, et plusieurs pompes de dosage destinées au transport d'agent actif, pouvant être connectées au réservoir à agent actif. Selon l'invention, au moins une pompe de dosage se trouvant en communication fluidique avec le porte-buse, est affectée à chaque porte-buse. L'invention concerne également l'utilisation dudit dispositif de pulvérisation pour la pulvérisation de champs et la pulvérisation partielle spécifique d'agents actifs.
EP04797870A 2003-11-18 2004-11-13 Dispositif de pulverisation de liquides et porte-buses Withdrawn EP1691601A2 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE10353789A DE10353789A1 (de) 2003-11-18 2003-11-18 Verfahren einer Pflanzenschutzspritze mit direkter Dosierung der Wirkstoffe an den Düsenhaltern durch hydraulisch angetriebene Dosierpumpen
PCT/EP2004/012880 WO2005048704A2 (fr) 2003-11-18 2004-11-13 Dispositif de pulverisation de liquides et porte-buses

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EP1691601A2 true EP1691601A2 (fr) 2006-08-23

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US (1) US20070040050A1 (fr)
EP (1) EP1691601A2 (fr)
DE (1) DE10353789A1 (fr)
WO (1) WO2005048704A2 (fr)

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US11160204B2 (en) 2013-03-15 2021-11-02 Raven Industries, Inc. Localized product injection system for an agricultural sprayer
US9781916B2 (en) 2013-10-17 2017-10-10 Raven Industries, Inc. Nozzle control system and method
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WO2005048704A3 (fr) 2007-07-05
DE10353789A1 (de) 2005-08-11
US20070040050A1 (en) 2007-02-22
WO2005048704A2 (fr) 2005-06-02

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