EP1687104B1 - Adjusting roll in rolling frames, among others vertical upset forging frames - Google Patents

Adjusting roll in rolling frames, among others vertical upset forging frames Download PDF

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Publication number
EP1687104B1
EP1687104B1 EP04790637A EP04790637A EP1687104B1 EP 1687104 B1 EP1687104 B1 EP 1687104B1 EP 04790637 A EP04790637 A EP 04790637A EP 04790637 A EP04790637 A EP 04790637A EP 1687104 B1 EP1687104 B1 EP 1687104B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
piston
adjusting cylinder
cylinder
pressure
adjusting
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EP04790637A
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German (de)
French (fr)
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EP1687104A1 (en
Inventor
Florian Lindner
Stefan Wendt
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SMS Siemag AG
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SMS Demag AG
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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
    • B21B—ROLLING OF METAL
    • B21B31/00—Rolling stand structures; Mounting, adjusting, or interchanging rolls, roll mountings, or stand frames
    • B21B31/16—Adjusting or positioning rolls
    • B21B31/20—Adjusting or positioning rolls by moving rolls perpendicularly to roll axis
    • B21B31/32—Adjusting or positioning rolls by moving rolls perpendicularly to roll axis by liquid pressure, e.g. hydromechanical adjusting
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
    • B21B—ROLLING OF METAL
    • B21B13/00—Metal-rolling stands, i.e. an assembly composed of a stand frame, rolls, and accessories
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
    • B21B—ROLLING OF METAL
    • B21B13/00—Metal-rolling stands, i.e. an assembly composed of a stand frame, rolls, and accessories
    • B21B13/06—Metal-rolling stands, i.e. an assembly composed of a stand frame, rolls, and accessories with axes of rolls arranged vertically, e.g. edgers
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
    • B21B—ROLLING OF METAL
    • B21B31/00—Rolling stand structures; Mounting, adjusting, or interchanging rolls, roll mountings, or stand frames
    • B21B31/02—Rolling stand frames or housings; Roll mountings ; Roll chocks
    • B21B31/06—Fastening stands or frames to foundation, e.g. to the sole plate
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
    • B21B—ROLLING OF METAL
    • B21B31/00—Rolling stand structures; Mounting, adjusting, or interchanging rolls, roll mountings, or stand frames
    • B21B31/16—Adjusting or positioning rolls

Definitions

  • the invention relates to adjusting cylinder for long, fast strokes in rolling stands, including those in vertical edger stands, comprising at least one piston which acts on both sides of a work roll for pitching on bearing chocks at least one work roll or an intermediate roller.
  • the adjusting device in vertical edger stands, as well as in horizontal stands, has the task of setting, maintaining and, if necessary, regulating the required roll gap.
  • a purely hydraulic adjusting device in vertical edger stands is known in the roughing-upseter of a hot strip mill. This is designed as a classic differential cylinder consisting of piston, cylinder cover and cylinder bottom.
  • this version has limits both in the required oil requirement and thus in the traversing speed as well as in the transverse force sensitivity when the piston rod is fully extended.
  • the document DE-A 36 24 958 describes a positioning control device for vertical upsets for width control of the rolling stock by means of electric screw adjustment, combined with hydraulic servovalve controlled Zylinderverstell noticeden for adjustments against rolling load.
  • the cylinders are arranged laterally on the St Squerphaseuptern the vertical stands and are connected by means of a coupling plate with the sliding nuts of the screw adjustment.
  • the document DE-OS 32 12 525 A1 describes an electro-hydraulic roll gap control and adjusting device for in particular the rolls of a vertical stand, consisting of an adjusting cylinder whose adjusting piston can move in a cylinder bore under the action of pressure changes in a pressure medium, and a plunger which dips into the pressure medium and its from a Hydraulic lifting device controlled movements cause the displacements of the adjusting, wherein the hydraulic lifting device is controlled by a servo valve, and with a scanning device for detecting the rolling forces by pressure measurement, a measuring direction for determining the actual position of the plunger and from a target-actual position of the Plunger for the purpose of obtaining a change signal processing comparator.
  • the Anstellspindel is designed as a hollow body with an axial through hole of different diameter sections, wherein the through hole of the Anstellspindel the hydraulic piston-cylinder units receives for width and / or thickness control.
  • the document EP 0 493 430 B1 describes an edge rolling mill with a vertically arranged, movable housing pair, and with means for displacing each movable housing in the horizontal direction to the other housing, and away from it and with a pair of rollers whose longitudinal axes are arranged in the vertical direction.
  • the rollers are rotatably held in respective cassettes.
  • the cassettes are held by suitably movable housings so that they are moved with them and are located inside the housing. Further, means are provided for displacing each cassette in a vertical direction relative to its associated movable housing.
  • the document EP 0 491 785 B1 describes a vertical rolling mill with two vertical movable housings, two vertically arranged with their longitudinal axes and rotatably mounted in associated cassettes rollers, the cassettes are supported by movable housings and disposed within the housing.
  • Each housing has a drive mechanism whose output side is in driving relation with the lower end of the roller in the associated cassette and whose input side is in drive relation with a horizontal drive shaft.
  • Each drive mechanism has a universal joint that allows a drive transmitting from the shaft to the roller, even if the cassette is offset by a certain amount horizontally relative to its housing.
  • the document DE-OS 2,047,240 discloses a method for rolling in a vertical stand, wherein the roll gap is controlled automatically during rolling. First, a Flachkantprofil is rolled over its side edges in a vertical frame and then in a horizontal frame in the width. The nip of the vertical stand is automatically changed during rolling of the end pieces of Flachkantprofiles so that their dimensions do not differ significantly in the subsequent flat rolling from those of the rest of Flachkantprofiles.
  • the document EP 0 868 946 A2 discloses a Stauchg screen after a continuous casting and upstream of a finishing mill upset. This should be controlled so that the pre-strip can run safely into the first frame of the finishing train, to avoid cracks in the band edge area a structural transformation in the band edge area should be ensured.
  • the position control circuits for the edger are superimposed pressure control loops for compression degree monitoring and overload limit and differential load monitoring.
  • the document EP 0 450 294 B1 discloses an adjusting device for adjusting the roll spacing in rolling mills, especially in strip rolling mills for hot or cold rolling, with at least two hydraulic Anstellzylindern that work on chocks and possibly intermediate backup roll on both sides on a respective to be set work roll.
  • the adjusting cylinders each have a guided in a cylinder housing on a cylinder pin and in a cylinder collar hat piston whose central piston surface formed by the inner hat shelf and formed by the Hutrand annular piston surface independently or individually or jointly with pressure medium can be acted upon.
  • the invention has the object to enable an improvement of the known purely hydraulic adjusting devices, wherein the number of setting cylinder not set should be, so that the arrangement of only one cylinder per page should remain technically possible.
  • the inventive design of the Anstellzylinders sets to a same over the entire cylinder stroke support length, the cross-sectional area of the second piston rod significantly reduces the required oil consumption and thus with the same pump performance a higher travel speed is realized.
  • the application of the invention is not limited to a vertical edger stand in heavy plate plants, but can be used with advantage in other scaffolding of other plants.
  • a further advantage of this invention allows an optimization of oil demand and traversing speed:
  • the proposed encapsulation of the second piston rod is designed as an additional cylinder oil space.
  • a short circuit between the emptying and the additional oil space of the cylinder which is filling up can be produced during the rolling force-free movement in the direction of the rolling stock. This reduces the pump power.
  • a short circuit between both oil spaces on the additional rod side can be made. This makes it possible to apply the required rolling force with the complete piston surface.
  • the adjusting cylinder consists of the piston (KO) with the rod (ST1) and the rod (ST2).
  • the piston is embedded in the cylinder cover (ZD) and the cylinder bottom (ZB), both having coaxially arranged holes for the passage of the piston rods.
  • receptacles for piston guide elements which are designed here as metal bushings (BU1), (BU2).
  • BU1, BU2 Both metal bushings (BU1), (BU2) are held by corresponding covers (DE1), (DE2).
  • the seals belonging to the cylinder (DI1 - DI3) are located in the cover (DE1), in the piston (KO) and in the cylinder bottom (ZB).
  • Cylinder bottom (ZB) and cylinder cover (ZD) are bolted to the screws (SR2).
  • the complete setting cylinder is screwed to the stand of the rolling stand with the screws (SR1).
  • the rod (ST1) is a pressure piece (DS).
  • the rod (ST1) is protected by a bellows (FB).
  • the bellows (FB) is supported either on sliding discs on the rod (ST1) or is held by means of loops on guide rods, not shown here.
  • the cylinder piston has an anti-rotation, which is either designed as a frame connection between the pressure pieces (DS), not shown here of two superimposed Anstellzylindern or consists of extensions of the pressure piece (DS), which are guided in the already mentioned guide rods.
  • a capsule (KA) which protects the one hand, the rod (ST2) and on the other hand has the option of being used as an additional oil chamber (OL3).
  • a displacement measuring system here designed as a position sensor (PG), which receives the position of the cylinder piston.
  • oil spaces (OL1, OL2, OL3) form depending on the design, the force-relevant annular surfaces A1 and A2 or the circular area A3.
  • FIG. 3 is the installation situation of four different types of Anstellzylindern shown in a compression frame. All designs have the same design as two piston rods. When using the Anstellzylinders in a compression frame this is according to the FIG. 3 installed four times; Two adjusting cylinders per side, which are arranged above and below the stator center plane (9). Technically, however, is also the arrangement of only one Anstellzylinder per page.
  • the cylinders are inserted in corresponding bores of the edger stator (8) and act on the compression rollers (7).
  • the balance is pushed out of the overall system by the balancing cylinder (5).
  • the balancing cylinder (5) can also take over the function of a retraction cylinder.
  • Differential circuits of the pressure chambers A1 and / or A2 and / or A3 z. B. for applying the required quantities of oil are also conceivable. Pressurization of the individual pressure chambers via solenoid valves, servo valves, check valves, pumps, containers, pressure vessels, storage, etc. according to the prior art.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Actuator (AREA)
  • Metal Rolling (AREA)
  • Forging (AREA)
  • Control Of Metal Rolling (AREA)
  • Vehicle Body Suspensions (AREA)
  • Friction Gearing (AREA)
  • Pistons, Piston Rings, And Cylinders (AREA)
  • Transmission Devices (AREA)
  • Press Drives And Press Lines (AREA)

Abstract

An adjusting cylinder for long, rapid lifting movements in rolling stands, including vertical edging stands, wherein each adjusting cylinder has at least one piston which acts through the bearing chocks of at least one work roll or of an interposed roll to adjust a work roll on both sides, wherein each adjusting cylinder has a piston that is equipped with two oppositely directed piston rods, and each piston is inserted in a recess in the cylinder base or cylinder cover, such that the base and cover have coaxially arranged bores through which the piston rods pass. The surface formed by the piston and the piston rod is smaller than the surface formed by the piston and the piston rod.

Description

Die Erfindung betrifft Anstellzylinder für lange, schnelle Hubbewegungen in Walzgerüsten, u. a. solche in Vertikal-Stauchgerüsten, umfassend zumindest jeweils einen Kolben, welcher über Lagereinbaustücke zumindest einer Arbeitswalze oder einer zwischengeschalteten Walze beidseitig auf eine Arbeitswalze zum Anstellen einwirkt. Eine Vorrichtung gemäß Oberbegriff von Anspruch 1 ist z.B. aus US-A 3 566 638 bekannt.The invention relates to adjusting cylinder for long, fast strokes in rolling stands, including those in vertical edger stands, comprising at least one piston which acts on both sides of a work roll for pitching on bearing chocks at least one work roll or an intermediate roller. A device according to the preamble of claim 1, for example US-A 3 566 638 known.

Die Anstelleinrichtung in Vertikal-Stauchgerüsten hat ebenso wie die in Horizontalgerüsten die Aufgabe, den erforderlichen Walzspalt einzustellen, zu halten und bei Bedarf zu regeln.The adjusting device in vertical edger stands, as well as in horizontal stands, has the task of setting, maintaining and, if necessary, regulating the required roll gap.

In Vertikal-Stauchgerüsten sind Anstelleinrichtungen als rein mechanische, als rein hydraulische bzw. als eine Kombination aus mechanischer und hydraulischer Anstellung bekannt. Technisch möglich und sinnvoll ist die Anordnung von einer oder zwei Anstellungen je Seite.In vertical edger stands adjusting devices are known as purely mechanical, as purely hydraulic or as a combination of mechanical and hydraulic employment. Technically possible and useful is the arrangement of one or two jobs per page.

Bekannt ist beispielsweise eine rein hydraulische Anstelleinrichtung in Vertikal-Stauchgerüsten beim Vorgerüst-Staucher einer Warmbandstraße. Diese ist als ein klassischer Differentialzylinder, bestehend aus Kolben, Zylinderdeckel und Zylinderboden ausgeführt.For example, a purely hydraulic adjusting device in vertical edger stands is known in the roughing-upseter of a hot strip mill. This is designed as a classic differential cylinder consisting of piston, cylinder cover and cylinder bottom.

Grenzen hat jedoch diese Ausführung sowohl in dem erforderlichen Ölbedarf und damit der Verfahrgeschwindigkeit als auch in der Querkraftempfindlichkeit bei voll ausgefahrener Kolbenstange.However, this version has limits both in the required oil requirement and thus in the traversing speed as well as in the transverse force sensitivity when the piston rod is fully extended.

Die bekannte Problematik hat eine rein hydraulische Anstellung in Vertikal-Stauchgerüsten für Grobblechanlagen bisher als schwer beherrschbar erscheinen lassen. Denn es ist wichtig mit sehr hoher Geschwindigkeit einen sehr langen Hub zu fahren, weil nach dem Drehen eines Bleches innerhalb kurzer Zeit von minimalem Walzspalt auf maximalem Walzspalt gefahren werden muss.The known problem has made a purely hydraulic employment in vertical edger stands for heavy plate plants so far appear to be difficult to control. Because it is important with very high speed a very long To drive stroke, because after turning a sheet within a short time from minimum nip to maximum nip must be driven.

Das Dokument DE-A 36 24 958 beschreibt eine Positioniersteuereinrichtung für vertikale Stauchgerüste zur Breitenregelung des Walzmaterials mittels elektrischer Schraubenspindelverstelleinrichtung, kombiniert mit hydraulischen servoventil- geregelten Zylinderverstelleinrichtungen für Verstellungen gegen Walzlast. Die Zylinder sind seitlich an den Ständerquerhäuptern der Vertikalgerüste angeordnet und sind mittels einer Koppelplatte mit den Verschiebemuttern der Schraubspindelverstellung verbunden.The document DE-A 36 24 958 describes a positioning control device for vertical upsets for width control of the rolling stock by means of electric screw adjustment, combined with hydraulic servovalve controlled Zylinderverstelleinrichtungen for adjustments against rolling load. The cylinders are arranged laterally on the Ständerquerhäuptern the vertical stands and are connected by means of a coupling plate with the sliding nuts of the screw adjustment.

Das Dokument DE-OS 32 12 525 A1 beschreibt eine elektrohydraulische Walzspaltregelung- und Anstellvorrichtung für insbesondere die Walzen eines Vertikalgerüstes, bestehend aus einem Verstellzylinder, dessen Verstellkolben sich in einer Zylinderbohrung unter der Wirkung von Druckänderungen in einem Druckmittel verschieben kann, und aus einem Tauchkolben, der in das Druckmittel eintaucht und dessen von einer hydraulischen Hubvorrichtung gesteuerte Bewegungen die Verschiebungen des Verstellkolbens bewirken, wobei die hydraulische Hubvorrichtung von einem Servoventil gesteuert ist, sowie mit einer Abtastvorrichtung zur Erfassung der Walzkräfte durch Druckmessung, einer Messrichtung zur Ermittlung Ist-Lage des Tauchkolbens und aus einem die Soll-Ist-Lage des Tauchkolbens zwecks Gewinnung eines Änderungssignals verarbeitenden Vergleicher. Die Anstellspindel ist als Hohlkörper mit einer axialen Durchgangsbohrung unterschiedlicher Durchmesserabschnitte ausgebildet, wobei die Durchgangsbohrung der Anstellspindel die hydraulischen Kolben-Zylindereinheiten zur Breiten- und/oder Dickenregelung aufnimmt.The document DE-OS 32 12 525 A1 describes an electro-hydraulic roll gap control and adjusting device for in particular the rolls of a vertical stand, consisting of an adjusting cylinder whose adjusting piston can move in a cylinder bore under the action of pressure changes in a pressure medium, and a plunger which dips into the pressure medium and its from a Hydraulic lifting device controlled movements cause the displacements of the adjusting, wherein the hydraulic lifting device is controlled by a servo valve, and with a scanning device for detecting the rolling forces by pressure measurement, a measuring direction for determining the actual position of the plunger and from a target-actual position of the Plunger for the purpose of obtaining a change signal processing comparator. The Anstellspindel is designed as a hollow body with an axial through hole of different diameter sections, wherein the through hole of the Anstellspindel the hydraulic piston-cylinder units receives for width and / or thickness control.

Das Dokument US-PS 4,658,622 A beschreibt ein Kantenwalzwerk mit einem Paar entgegengesetzt angeordneter Vertikalwalzen. Jede Walze ist mit einem Antrieb versehen, der zwei Antriebssektionen in generell parallelen Ausrichtungen umfasst. Die erste Antriebssektion ist mittels einer kerbverzahnten Ausbildung mit einem Antriebsrad gekoppelt, insbesondere für eine relativ größere Einstellung des Walzspaltes, wenn das Gerüst sich nicht unter Last befindet. Die zweite Antriebssektion ist mit der ersten Antriebssektion verbunden, und zwar ebenfalls mittels einer kerbverzahnten Verbindung, welche geringere Einstellungen des Walzspalts ermöglicht, wenn das Walzgerüst unter Last arbeitet.The document U.S. Patent 4,658,622A describes an edging mill with a pair of oppositely disposed vertical rolls. Each roller is provided with a drive comprising two drive sections in generally parallel orientations. The first drive section is coupled by means of a serrated design with a drive wheel, in particular for a relatively larger Adjusting the roll gap when the stand is not under load. The second drive section is connected to the first drive section, also by means of a splined connection which allows for lower roll gap adjustments when the mill is under load.

Das Dokument EP 0 493 430 B1 beschreibt ein Kantenwalzwerk mit einem vertikal angeordneten, bewegbaren Gehäusepaar, sowie mit Mitteln zum Versetzen jedes bewegbaren Gehäuses in horizontaler Richtung auf das andere Gehäuse zu, und von diesem fort und mit einem Walzenpaar, dessen Längsachsen in vertikaler Richtung angeordnet sind. Die Walzen sind drehbar in entsprechenden Kassetten gehalten. Die Kassetten werden von entsprechend bewegbaren Gehäusen so gehalten, dass sie mit ihnen bewegt werden und sich im Inneren des Gehäuses befinden. Ferner sind Mittel zum Versetzen jeder Kassette in vertikaler Richtung gegenüber ihrem zugeordneten bewegbaren Gehäuse vorgesehen.The document EP 0 493 430 B1 describes an edge rolling mill with a vertically arranged, movable housing pair, and with means for displacing each movable housing in the horizontal direction to the other housing, and away from it and with a pair of rollers whose longitudinal axes are arranged in the vertical direction. The rollers are rotatably held in respective cassettes. The cassettes are held by suitably movable housings so that they are moved with them and are located inside the housing. Further, means are provided for displacing each cassette in a vertical direction relative to its associated movable housing.

Das Dokument EP 0 491 785 B1 beschreibt eine Vertikalwalzstraße mit zwei vertikalen bewegbaren Gehäusen, zwei mit ihren Längsachsen vertikal angeordneten und in zugehörigen Kassetten drehbar befestigten Walzen, wobei die Kassetten von bewegbaren Gehäusen gestützt und innerhalb der Gehäuse angeordnet sind. Vorgesehen ist eine Einrichtung zum Verschieben jedes bewegbaren Gehäuses und der diesem zugeordneten Kassette in Horizontalrichtung zum anderem Gehäuse hin oder von diesem weg und eine Einrichtung zum Verschieben jeder Kassette gegenüber ihrem Gehäuse in horizontaler Richtung zur anderen Kassette hin und von diesen weg. Jedes Gehäuse besitzt einen Antriebsmechanismus, dessen Ausgangsseite in Antriebsbeziehungen mit dem unteren Ende der Walze in der zugehörigen Kassette und dessen Eingangsseite sich in Antriebsbeziehung mit einer horizontalen Antriebswelle befindet. Jeder Antriebsmechanismus weist ein Universalgelenk auf, das einen von der Welle auf die Walze übertragenden Antrieb ermöglicht, sogar wenn die Kassette um ein bestimmtes Maß horizontal gegenüber ihrem Gehäuse versetzt ist.The document EP 0 491 785 B1 describes a vertical rolling mill with two vertical movable housings, two vertically arranged with their longitudinal axes and rotatably mounted in associated cassettes rollers, the cassettes are supported by movable housings and disposed within the housing. Provided is a device for moving each movable housing and its associated cassette in the horizontal direction to the other housing or away from it and means for moving each cassette relative to its housing in the horizontal direction to the other cassette out and away. Each housing has a drive mechanism whose output side is in driving relation with the lower end of the roller in the associated cassette and whose input side is in drive relation with a horizontal drive shaft. Each drive mechanism has a universal joint that allows a drive transmitting from the shaft to the roller, even if the cassette is offset by a certain amount horizontally relative to its housing.

Das Dokument DE-OS 2 047 240 offenbart ein Verfahren zum Walzen in einem Vertikalgerüst, wobei der Walzspalt während des Walzens automatisch gesteuert wird. Zunächst wird ein Flachkantprofil über seine Seitenkanten in einem Vertikalgerüst und anschließend in einem Horizontalgerüst in die Breite gewalzt. Der Walzspalt des Vertikalgerüstes wird beim Walzen der Endstücke des Flachkantprofiles automatisch so verändert, dass deren Abmessungen beim anschließenden Flachwalzen nicht wesentlich von denen des übrigen Flachkantprofiles abweichen.The document DE-OS 2,047,240 discloses a method for rolling in a vertical stand, wherein the roll gap is controlled automatically during rolling. First, a Flachkantprofil is rolled over its side edges in a vertical frame and then in a horizontal frame in the width. The nip of the vertical stand is automatically changed during rolling of the end pieces of Flachkantprofiles so that their dimensions do not differ significantly in the subsequent flat rolling from those of the rest of Flachkantprofiles.

Das Dokument EP 0 868 946 A2 offenbart ein einer Stranggießanlage nach- und einer Fertigstraße vorgeschaltetes Stauchgerüst. Dieses soll so gesteuert werden, dass das Vorband sicher in das erste Gerüst der Fertigstraße einlaufen kann, wobei zur Vermeidung von Rissen im Bandkantenbereich eine Gefügeumwandlung im Bandkantenbereich sichergestellt sein soll. Dazu wird vorgeschlagen, dass den Positionsregelkreisen für das Stauchgerüst Druckregelkreise zur Stauchgradüberwachung sowie Überlastbegrenzung und Differenzlast-Überwachung überlagert sind.The document EP 0 868 946 A2 discloses a Stauchgieß after a continuous casting and upstream of a finishing mill upset. This should be controlled so that the pre-strip can run safely into the first frame of the finishing train, to avoid cracks in the band edge area a structural transformation in the band edge area should be ensured. For this purpose, it is proposed that the position control circuits for the edger are superimposed pressure control loops for compression degree monitoring and overload limit and differential load monitoring.

Das Dokument EP 0 450 294 B1 offenbart eine Anstellvorrichtung zum Einstellen des Walzenabstandes in Walzgerüsten, insbesondere in Bandwalzgerüsten für Warm- oder Kaltwalzung, mit mindestens zwei hydraulischen Anstellzylindern, die über Einbaustücke und ggf. zwischengeschalteter Stützwalze beidseitig auf eine jeweils anzustellende Arbeitswalze arbeiten. Die Anstellzylinder weisen jeweils einen in einem Zylindergehäuse auf einem Zylinderzapfen und in einem Zylinderkragen geführten Hutkolben auf, dessen von dem inneren Hutboden gebildete Zentralkolbenfläche und von dem Hutrand gebildete Ringkolbenfläche unabhängig voneinander bzw. einzeln oder gemeinsam mit Druckmedium beaufschlagbar sind.The document EP 0 450 294 B1 discloses an adjusting device for adjusting the roll spacing in rolling mills, especially in strip rolling mills for hot or cold rolling, with at least two hydraulic Anstellzylindern that work on chocks and possibly intermediate backup roll on both sides on a respective to be set work roll. The adjusting cylinders each have a guided in a cylinder housing on a cylinder pin and in a cylinder collar hat piston whose central piston surface formed by the inner hat shelf and formed by the Hutrand annular piston surface independently or individually or jointly with pressure medium can be acted upon.

Ausgehend vom vorgenannten Stand der Technik umfasst die Erfindung die Aufgabe, eine Verbesserung der bekannten rein hydraulischen Anstelleinrichtungen zu ermöglichen, wobei die Anzahl der Anstellzylinder nicht festgelegt sein soll, so dass auch die Anordnung von nur einem Zylinder je Seite technisch möglich bleiben soll.Based on the aforementioned prior art, the invention has the object to enable an improvement of the known purely hydraulic adjusting devices, wherein the number of setting cylinder not set should be, so that the arrangement of only one cylinder per page should remain technically possible.

Die Lösung der gestellten Aufgabe gelingt mit der Erfindung bei Anstellzylindern der im Oberbegriff von Anspruch 1 genannten Bauart dadurch, dass der Anstellzylinder mit einer zweiten Kolbenstange ausgestattet wird in der Weise, dass jeder Anstellzylinder einen Kolben aufweist, der mit zwei Kolbenstangen in entgegen gerichtete Richtungen weisend ausgestattet ist, und der Kolben in jeweils einer Ausnehmung im Zylinderboden bzw. Zylinderdeckel eingesetzt ist, wobei diese koaxial angeordnete Bohrungen zur Durchführung der Kolbenstangen besitzen.The solution of the problem is achieved with the invention in Anstellzylindern called in the preamble of claim 1 type in that the adjusting cylinder is equipped with a second piston rod in such a way that each Anstellzylinder has a piston, pointing with two piston rods in opposite directions is equipped, and the piston is inserted in each case a recess in the cylinder base or cylinder cover, which have coaxially arranged bores for the passage of the piston rods.

Die erfindungsgemäße Ausführung des Anstellzylinders stellt auf eine über den gesamten Zylinderhub gleiche Abstützlänge ab, wobei die Querschnittsfläche der zweiten Kolbenstange den erforderlichen Ölbedarf erheblich reduziert und somit bei gleicher Pumpenleistung eine höhere Verfahrgeschwindigkeit realisiert wird. Damit bleibt die Anwendung der Erfindung auch nicht auf ein Vertikal-Stauchgerüst in Grobblechanlagen beschränkt, sondern lässt sich mit Vorteil auch in anderen Gerüsten anderer Anlagen einsetzen. Ein weitergehender Vorteil dieser Erfindung ermöglicht eine Optimierung von Ölbedarf und Verfahrgeschwindigkeit:The inventive design of the Anstellzylinders sets to a same over the entire cylinder stroke support length, the cross-sectional area of the second piston rod significantly reduces the required oil consumption and thus with the same pump performance a higher travel speed is realized. Thus, the application of the invention is not limited to a vertical edger stand in heavy plate plants, but can be used with advantage in other scaffolding of other plants. A further advantage of this invention allows an optimization of oil demand and traversing speed:

Die Erfindung wird in Unteransprüchen weiter ausgestaltet.The invention is further developed in subclaims.

Die vorgeschlagene Kapselung der zweiten Kolbenstange wird als zusätzlicher Zylinderölraum gestaltet. Über eine entsprechende Steuerung kann während der walzkraftfreien Verfahrbewegung in Richtung Walzgut ein Kurzschluss zwischen dem sich leerenden und dem zusätzlichen sich füllenden Ölraum des Zylinders hergestellt werden. Dadurch wird die Pumpenmehrleistung reduziert. Während des Walzens kann ein Kurzschluss zwischen beiden Ölräumen auf der zusätzlichen Stangenseite hergestellt werden. Dadurch ist es möglich, mit der kompletten Kolbenfläche die erforderliche Walzkraft aufzubringen.The proposed encapsulation of the second piston rod is designed as an additional cylinder oil space. By means of an appropriate control, a short circuit between the emptying and the additional oil space of the cylinder which is filling up can be produced during the rolling force-free movement in the direction of the rolling stock. This reduces the pump power. During rolling, a short circuit between both oil spaces on the additional rod side can be made. This makes it possible to apply the required rolling force with the complete piston surface.

Die Erfindung wird anhand teilweise schematisierter Figuren beschrieben:
Es zeigen:

Figur 1
den schematisierten Anstellzylinder mit Kolben, Kolbenstange, Dichtungen und dergleichen;
Figur 2
die schematisierte Steuerung des Anstellzylinders für schnelles Vorfahren, Stauchen und schnelles Zurückfahren;
Figur 3
die Anstellzylinder in Einbausituation bspw. in einem Stauchgerüst;
Figur 4
einen Anstellzylinder mit zwei Druckräumen;
Figur 5
einen Anstellzylinder mit drei Druckräumen;
Figur 6
einen Plungerzylinder mit einem Druckraum;
Figur 7
einen Plungerzylinder mit zwei Druckräumen.
The invention will be described with reference to partially schematized figures:
Show it:
FIG. 1
the schematic setting cylinder with piston, piston rod, seals and the like;
FIG. 2
the schematic control of the Anstellzylinders for fast ancestors, upsetting and fast return;
FIG. 3
the adjusting cylinder in installation situation, for example. In a compression frame;
FIG. 4
a setting cylinder with two pressure chambers;
FIG. 5
a setting cylinder with three pressure chambers;
FIG. 6
a plunger cylinder having a pressure space;
FIG. 7
a plunger cylinder with two pressure chambers.

Gemäß Figur 1 besteht der Anstellzylinder aus dem Kolben (KO) mit der Stange (ST1) und der Stange (ST2). Der Kolben ist in den Zylinderdeckel (ZD) und den Zylinderboden (ZB) eingelassen, wobei beide koaxial angeordnete Bohrungen zur Durchführung der Kolbenstangen besitzen. In beiden letztgenannten Bohrungen befinden sich Aufnahmen für Kolbenführungselemente, die hier als Metallbuchsen (BU1), (BU2) ausgeführt sind. Beide Metallbuchsen (BU1), (BU2) werden von entsprechenden Deckeln (DE1), (DE2) gehalten. Die zum Zylinder gehörigen Dichtungen (DI1 - DI3) befinden sich im Deckel (DE1), im Kolben (KO) und im Zylinderboden (ZB). Zylinderboden (ZB) und Zylinderdeckel (ZD) sind mit den Schrauben (SR2) verschraubt. Der komplette Anstellzylinder ist mit den Schrauben (SR1) am Ständer des Walzgerüsts verschraubt. In Verlängerung der Stange (ST1) befindet sich ein Druckstück (DS). Die Stange (ST1) ist mit einem Faltenbalg (FB) geschützt. Der Faltenbalg (FB) ist entweder über Gleitscheiben auf der Stange (ST1) abgestützt oder wird mittels Schlaufen an hier nicht gezeigten Führungsstangen gehalten.According to FIG. 1 the adjusting cylinder consists of the piston (KO) with the rod (ST1) and the rod (ST2). The piston is embedded in the cylinder cover (ZD) and the cylinder bottom (ZB), both having coaxially arranged holes for the passage of the piston rods. In both latter bores are receptacles for piston guide elements, which are designed here as metal bushings (BU1), (BU2). Both metal bushings (BU1), (BU2) are held by corresponding covers (DE1), (DE2). The seals belonging to the cylinder (DI1 - DI3) are located in the cover (DE1), in the piston (KO) and in the cylinder bottom (ZB). Cylinder bottom (ZB) and cylinder cover (ZD) are bolted to the screws (SR2). The complete setting cylinder is screwed to the stand of the rolling stand with the screws (SR1). In extension The rod (ST1) is a pressure piece (DS). The rod (ST1) is protected by a bellows (FB). The bellows (FB) is supported either on sliding discs on the rod (ST1) or is held by means of loops on guide rods, not shown here.

Der Zylinderkolben hat eine Verdrehsicherung, die entweder als hier nicht dargestellte Rahmenverbindung zwischen den Druckstücken (DS) von zwei übereinander angeordneten Anstellzylindern ausgeführt ist oder aus Fortsätzen des Druckstücks (DS) besteht, die in den bereits erwähnten Führungsstangen geführt sind. In Fortsetzung des Zylinderbodens (ZB) befindet sich eine Kapsel (KA), die einerseits die Stange (ST2) schützt und anderseits die Option besitzt als zusätzlicher Ölraum (OL3) verwendet zu werden. In Verlängerung der Kapsel (KA) befindet sich ein Wegmesssystem, hier als Positionsgeber (PG) ausgeführt, das die Stellung des Zylinderkolbens aufnimmt.The cylinder piston has an anti-rotation, which is either designed as a frame connection between the pressure pieces (DS), not shown here of two superimposed Anstellzylindern or consists of extensions of the pressure piece (DS), which are guided in the already mentioned guide rods. In continuation of the cylinder base (ZB) is a capsule (KA), which protects the one hand, the rod (ST2) and on the other hand has the option of being used as an additional oil chamber (OL3). In extension of the capsule (KA) is a displacement measuring system, here designed as a position sensor (PG), which receives the position of the cylinder piston.

Die Ausführung des Anstellzylinders in Fig. 4 und Fig. 5 ist sinngemäß. In der Ausführung als Plungerzylinder, Fig. 6 und 7, sind Zylinderdeckel und Zylinderboden ein Teil (PB) und der Kolben (KO) besteht nur noch aus den Anstellzylinderstangen (ST3, ST4).The execution of the adjusting cylinder in Fig. 4 and Fig. 5 is analogous. In the design as a plunger cylinder, Fig. 6 and 7 , Cylinder cover and cylinder bottom are a part (PB) and the piston (KO) consists only of the Anstellzylinderstangen (ST3, ST4).

Die in Fig. 5 gezeigten Ölräume (OL1, OL2, OL3) bilden je nach Ausführung die kraftrelevanten Ringflächen A1 und A2 bzw. die Kreisfläche A3.In the Fig. 5 shown oil spaces (OL1, OL2, OL3) form depending on the design, the force-relevant annular surfaces A1 and A2 or the circular area A3.

In Figur 2 ist schematisch die Steuerung erläutert für ein schnelles Vor- und Zurückfahren des Anstellzylinders mit geringem Volumenstrom oder Stauchen des Walzgutes mit hoher Kraft. Die einzelnen Betriebsphasen 1 bis 3, d.h. schnelles Vorfahren, Stauchen mit hoher Kraft und schnelles Zurückfahren sind anhand der Figur 2 gut ersichtlich.

Phase 1:
schnelles Vorfahren mit reduzierter Kraft:
Druck auf Fläche A2; Flächen A1 und A3 sind möglichst drucklos (P2»0; P1≈0)
optimal: A1≈A3; Leitungen 1 und 3 können verbunden sein, Öl fließt dann von Leitung 1 nach Leitung 3
oder sinngemäßer Austausch der Flächen A2 und A3
Phase 2:
Stauchen mit hoher Kraft
Druck auf Fläche A2 und Fläche A3; Fläche A1 < Flächen A2 + A3
Phase 3:
schnelles Zurückfahren
Druck auf Fläche A1; Flächen A2 und A3 sind drucklos oder mit wenig Druck beaufschlagt.
In FIG. 2 is schematically explained the control for a fast forward and backward of the Anstellzylinders with low flow or upsetting of the rolling stock with high power. The individual operating phases 1 to 3, ie fast ancestors, upsetting with high power and fast return are based on the FIG. 2 clearly visible.
Phase 1:
fast ancestor with reduced strength:
Pressure on surface A2; Areas A1 and A3 are as depressurised as possible (P 2 »0; P 1 ≈0)
optimal: A1≈A3; Lines 1 and 3 can be connected, oil then flows from line 1 to line 3
or mutatis mutandis exchange of areas A2 and A3
Phase 2:
Upsetting with high power
Pressure on area A2 and area A3; Area A1 <areas A2 + A3
Phase 3:
fast return
Pressure on surface A1; Areas A2 and A3 are pressureless or under low pressure.

In Figur 3 ist die Einbausituation von vier verschiedenen Bauformen von Anstellzylindern in einem Stauchgerüst gezeigt. Allen Bauformen ist die Ausführung mit zwei Kolbenstangen gemeinsam. Bei der Verwendung des Anstellzylinders in einem Stauchgerüst ist dieser entsprechend der Figur 3 viermal verbaut; Je Seite zwei Anstellzylinder, die ober- und unterhalb der Ständermittenebene (9) angeordnet sind. Technisch möglich ist aber auch die Anordnung von nur einem Anstellzylinder je Seite. Die Zylinder sind in entsprechenden Bohrungen des Staucherständers (8) eingebracht und wirken auf die Stauchwalzen (7). In Verbindung mit einer Balanciertraverse (6) wird durch den Balancierzylinder (5) das Spiel aus dem Gesamtsystem herausgedrückt. Der Balancierzylinder (5) kann auch die Funktion eines Rückzugzylinders übernehmen.In FIG. 3 is the installation situation of four different types of Anstellzylindern shown in a compression frame. All designs have the same design as two piston rods. When using the Anstellzylinders in a compression frame this is according to the FIG. 3 installed four times; Two adjusting cylinders per side, which are arranged above and below the stator center plane (9). Technically, however, is also the arrangement of only one Anstellzylinder per page. The cylinders are inserted in corresponding bores of the edger stator (8) and act on the compression rollers (7). In conjunction with a balance crosshead (6), the balance is pushed out of the overall system by the balancing cylinder (5). The balancing cylinder (5) can also take over the function of a retraction cylinder.

In den Figuren 4 bis 7 sind folgende Zylinderausführungsformen gezeigt:

Figur 4
zeigt einen Anstellzylinder mit 2 Druckräumen und den Wirkflächen A1 und A2,
Figur 5
zeigt einen Anstellzylinder mit 3 Druckräumen und den Wirkflächen A1, A2 und A3,
Figur 6
zeigt einen Plungerzylinder mit 1 Druckraum und der Wirkfläche A2,
Figur 7
zeigt einen Plungerzylinder mit 2 Druckräumen und den Wirkflächen A2 und A3.
In the FIGS. 4 to 7 the following cylinder embodiments are shown:
FIG. 4
shows a setting cylinder with 2 pressure chambers and the active surfaces A1 and A2,
FIG. 5
shows a setting cylinder with 3 pressure chambers and the active surfaces A1, A2 and A3,
FIG. 6
shows a plunger cylinder with 1 pressure chamber and the effective area A2,
FIG. 7
shows a plunger cylinder with 2 pressure chambers and the active surfaces A2 and A3.

Die Fahrweise der einzelnen Bauweisen kann entsprechend den notwendigen Vorgaben gewählt werden, z. B. gemäß

Figur 4:
Doppelt wirkender Zylinder mit Druckbeaufschlagung der Ringfläche A2 zum schnellen Vorfahren und zum Aufbringen der Walzkraft, Ringfläche A1 ist druckbeaufschlagt zum Zurückfahren des Zylinders
Figur 5:
Doppelt wirkender Zylinder mit Druckbeaufschlagung der Ringfläche A2 und / oder Kreisfläche A3 zum schnellen Vorfahren und Verwendung der Ringfläche A2 und / oder Kreisfläche A3 zum Aufbringen der Walzkraft, Ringfläche A1 ist druckbeaufschlagt zum Zurückfahren des Zylinders
Figur 6
Plungerzylinder mit Druckbeaufschlagung der Ringfläche A2 zum schnellen Vorfahren und zum Aufbringen der Walzkraft, Balancierzylinder (5) wirkt als Rückzugzylinder
Figur 7
Plungerzylinder mit Druckbeaufschlagung der Ringfläche A2 und /oder Kreisfläche A3 zum schnellen Vorfahren und Verwendung der Ringfläche A2 und / oder Kreisfläche A3 zum Aufbringen der Walzkraft, Balancierzylinder (5) wirkt als Rückzugzylinder
oder Figur 5
einfach wirkender Zylinder mit Druckbeaufschlagung der Ringfläche A2 und / oder Kreisfläche A3 zum schnellen Vorfahren und Verwendung der Ringfläche A2 und / oder Kreisfläche A3 zum Aufbringen der Walzkraft, Ringfläche A1 ist drucklos, Balancierzylinder (5) wirkt als Rückzugzylinder.
oder Figur 4
Einfach wirkender Zylinder mit Druckbeaufschlagung der Ringfläche A2 zum schnellen Vorfahren und zum Aufbringen der Walzkraft, Ringfläche A1 ist drucklos, Balancierzylinder (5) wirkt als Rückzugzylinder.
The driving style of the individual constructions can be selected according to the necessary requirements, eg. B. according to
FIG. 4:
Double-acting cylinder with pressurization of the ring surface A2 for fast ancestor and for applying the rolling force, ring surface A1 is pressurized to return the cylinder
FIG. 5:
Double-acting cylinder with pressurization of the annular surface A2 and / or circular surface A3 for rapid ancestor and use of the annular surface A2 and / or circular surface A3 for applying the rolling force, annular surface A1 is pressurized to return the cylinder
FIG. 6
Plunger cylinder with pressurization of the ring surface A2 for fast ancestor and for applying the rolling force, Balancierzylinder (5) acts as a retraction cylinder
FIG. 7
Plunger cylinder with pressurization of the annular surface A2 and / or circular surface A3 for fast ancestry and use of the annular surface A2 and / or circular surface A3 for applying the rolling force, Balancierzylinder (5) acts as a retraction cylinder
or FIG. 5
single-acting cylinder with pressurization of the annular surface A2 and / or circular surface A3 for rapid ancestor and use of the annular surface A2 and / or circular surface A3 for applying the rolling force, ring surface A1 is depressurized, Balancierzylinder (5) acts as a retraction cylinder.
or FIG. 4
Single-acting cylinder with pressurization of the ring surface A2 for rapid ancestor and for applying the rolling force, ring surface A1 is depressurized, Balancierzylinder (5) acts as a retraction cylinder.

Differentialschaltungen der Druckräume A1 und / oder A2 und / oder A3 z. B. zum Aufbringen der erforderlichen Ölmengen sind ebenso denkbar. Druckbeaufschlagung der einzelnen Druckräume erfolgt über Magnetventile, Servoventile, Rückschlagventile, Pumpen, Behälter, Druckbehälter, Speicher etc. entsprechend dem Stand der Technik.Differential circuits of the pressure chambers A1 and / or A2 and / or A3 z. B. for applying the required quantities of oil are also conceivable. Pressurization of the individual pressure chambers via solenoid valves, servo valves, check valves, pumps, containers, pressure vessels, storage, etc. according to the prior art.

Claims (14)

  1. Adjusting cylinder for lengthy rapid stroke movements in roll stands, inter alia in vertical upsetting stands, comprising at least one piston which for adjusting acts by way of a bearing chock of at least one working roll or an interposed roll on the working roll and which is equipped with two piston rods (ST1, ST2) directed in opposite directions, wherein the piston (KO) is inserted in a respective recess in the cylinder base (ZB) or cylinder top (ZD) of the adjusting cylinder and wherein the cylinder base (ZB) and the cylinder top (ZD) have coaxially arranged bores for passage of the piston rods (ST1, ST2), characterised in that the area (A1) formed by the piston (KO) and the piston rod (ST1) is constructed to be smaller than the area (A2) formed by the piston (KO) and the piston rod (ST2).
  2. Adjusting cylinder according to claim 1, characterised in that mounts for piston rod guide elements are provided in the aforesaid bores, which mounts are preferably constructed as metal bushes (BU1, BU2) or as guide bands and are preferably held by covers (DE1, DE2).
  3. Adjusting cylinder according to one of claims 1 and 2, characterised in that seals (DI1, DI2, DI3) belonging to the cylinder are located in the cover (DE1 and DE2) as well as in the piston (KO) (Figure 1) or guide bands with the seals are received in the covers (DE1 and DE2).
  4. Adjusting cylinder according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterised in that the cylinder base (ZB) is connected with the cylinder top (ZD) by means of screws (SR2).
  5. Adjusting cylinder according to any one of claims 1 to 4, characterised in that the complete adjusting cylinder is connected with stand housing by means of screws (SR1).
  6. Adjusting cylinder according to any one of claims 1 to 5, characterised in that a casing (KA) is disposed as a continuation of the cylinder base (ZB) and either protects the piston rod (ST2) or is usable as additional oil space (OL3).
  7. Adjusting cylinder according to any one of claims 1 to 6, characterised in that a travel measuring system or the like executed as a position transmitter (PG) is disposed as a prolongation of the casing (KA) and records the setting of the piston (KO).
  8. Adjusting cylinder according to any one of claims 1 to 7, characterised in that a pressure member (DS) for action on the roll chocks is arranged in prolongation of the piston rod (ST1).
  9. Adjusting cylinder according to any one of claims 1 to 8, characterised in that the piston (KO) has rotational securing means.
  10. Adjusting cylinder according to any one of claims 1 to 9, characterised in that the piston rod (ST1) connected with the pressure member (DS) is surrounded by a bellows.
  11. Method of operating the adjusting cylinder according to claim 1, wherein the adjusting cylinder comprises a piston (KO) which is movable in force-locking manner in an at least two-part housing (G1, G2) between pressure surfaces (A1, A2, A3) and which acts on a chock (ES) of a roll stand, and the method is characterised in that for rapid advance of the piston (KO) pressure is applied to the pressure surface A2 with reduced force, whereagainst the pressure surfaces A1 and A3 are not loaded.
  12. Method of operating the adjusting cylinder according to claim 1, wherein the adjusting cylinder comprises a piston (KO) which is movable in force-locking manner in an at least two-part housing (G1, G2) between pressure surfaces (A1, A2, A3) and which acts on a chock (ES) of a roll stand, and the method is characterised in that pressure is applied to the pressure surface or surfaces A2 and/or A3 with high force for the upsetting.
  13. Method of operating the adjusting cylinder according to claim 1, wherein the adjusting cylinder comprises a piston (KO) which is movable in force-locking manner in an at least two-part housing (G1, G2) between pressure surfaces (A1, A2, A3) and which acts on a chock (ES) of a roll stand, and the method is characterised in that for rapid retraction of the piston (KO) pressure is applied to the pressure surface A1 and the pressure surfaces A2 or A3 and A3 or A2 are not loaded.
  14. Method of operating the adjusting cylinder according to claim 13, wherein the adjusting cylinder comprises a piston (KO) which is movable in force-locking manner in an at least two-part housing (G1, G2) between pressure surfaces (A1, A2, A3) and which acts on a chock (ES) of a roll stand, and that the method is characterised in that for rapid retraction of the piston (KO) use is made of the separate pull-back cylinder, with pressure surfaces A2 and A3 as free of pressure as possible, wherein the size of the pressure surface A1 can also be zero (plunger cylinder).
EP04790637A 2003-11-19 2004-10-19 Adjusting roll in rolling frames, among others vertical upset forging frames Active EP1687104B1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (3)

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DE10354235 2003-11-19
DE102004039494A DE102004039494A1 (en) 2003-11-19 2004-08-14 Adjusting cylinders in rolling stands, among others in vertical upsetting frames
PCT/EP2004/011815 WO2005049242A1 (en) 2003-11-19 2004-10-19 Adjusting roll in rolling frames, among others vertical upset forging frames

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EP1687104B1 true EP1687104B1 (en) 2008-12-17

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ES2317062T3 (en) 2009-04-16
ATE417676T1 (en) 2009-01-15
KR101121502B1 (en) 2012-03-15
EP1687104A1 (en) 2006-08-09
US7743638B2 (en) 2010-06-29
CA2542103C (en) 2011-08-09
DE102004039494A1 (en) 2005-06-23
US7631531B2 (en) 2009-12-15
TWI342805B (en) 2011-06-01
CA2542103A1 (en) 2005-06-02
TW200517197A (en) 2005-06-01
US7726168B2 (en) 2010-06-01
RU2006121427A (en) 2007-12-27
AU2004291240A1 (en) 2005-06-02
KR20060118445A (en) 2006-11-23
JP2007533463A (en) 2007-11-22
WO2005049242A1 (en) 2005-06-02
RU2355491C2 (en) 2009-05-20
DE502004008707D1 (en) 2009-01-29
CN100478091C (en) 2009-04-15
JP4762906B2 (en) 2011-08-31
CN1882399A (en) 2006-12-20
US20090183545A1 (en) 2009-07-23
US20070062240A1 (en) 2007-03-22
AU2004291240B2 (en) 2010-02-18
BRPI0416696A (en) 2007-01-30
US20090193867A1 (en) 2009-08-06

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