EP1677059A2 - Hybrid cooling system, and refrigerator and freezer using the same - Google Patents

Hybrid cooling system, and refrigerator and freezer using the same Download PDF

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Publication number
EP1677059A2
EP1677059A2 EP05077379A EP05077379A EP1677059A2 EP 1677059 A2 EP1677059 A2 EP 1677059A2 EP 05077379 A EP05077379 A EP 05077379A EP 05077379 A EP05077379 A EP 05077379A EP 1677059 A2 EP1677059 A2 EP 1677059A2
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
thermoelectric module
refrigerant
evaporator
cooling
freezer
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Withdrawn
Application number
EP05077379A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
Myung Ryul Lee
Seong Jae Kim
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
LG Electronics Inc
Original Assignee
LG Electronics Inc
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by LG Electronics Inc filed Critical LG Electronics Inc
Publication of EP1677059A2 publication Critical patent/EP1677059A2/en
Withdrawn legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25D—REFRIGERATORS; COLD ROOMS; ICE-BOXES; COOLING OR FREEZING APPARATUS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F25D11/00—Self-contained movable devices, e.g. domestic refrigerators
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
    • F25B21/00—Machines, plants or systems, using electric or magnetic effects
    • F25B21/02—Machines, plants or systems, using electric or magnetic effects using Peltier effect; using Nernst-Ettinghausen effect
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
    • F25B25/00—Machines, plants or systems, using a combination of modes of operation covered by two or more of the groups F25B1/00 - F25B23/00
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25D—REFRIGERATORS; COLD ROOMS; ICE-BOXES; COOLING OR FREEZING APPARATUS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F25D11/00—Self-contained movable devices, e.g. domestic refrigerators
    • F25D11/02—Self-contained movable devices, e.g. domestic refrigerators with cooling compartments at different temperatures
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25D—REFRIGERATORS; COLD ROOMS; ICE-BOXES; COOLING OR FREEZING APPARATUS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F25D17/00—Arrangements for circulating cooling fluids; Arrangements for circulating gas, e.g. air, within refrigerated spaces
    • F25D17/04—Arrangements for circulating cooling fluids; Arrangements for circulating gas, e.g. air, within refrigerated spaces for circulating air, e.g. by convection
    • F25D17/06—Arrangements for circulating cooling fluids; Arrangements for circulating gas, e.g. air, within refrigerated spaces for circulating air, e.g. by convection by forced circulation
    • F25D17/062—Arrangements for circulating cooling fluids; Arrangements for circulating gas, e.g. air, within refrigerated spaces for circulating air, e.g. by convection by forced circulation in household refrigerators
    • F25D17/065—Arrangements for circulating cooling fluids; Arrangements for circulating gas, e.g. air, within refrigerated spaces for circulating air, e.g. by convection by forced circulation in household refrigerators with compartments at different temperatures
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25D—REFRIGERATORS; COLD ROOMS; ICE-BOXES; COOLING OR FREEZING APPARATUS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F25D2317/00—Details or arrangements for circulating cooling fluids; Details or arrangements for circulating gas, e.g. air, within refrigerated spaces, not provided for in other groups of this subclass
    • F25D2317/06—Details or arrangements for circulating cooling fluids; Details or arrangements for circulating gas, e.g. air, within refrigerated spaces, not provided for in other groups of this subclass with forced air circulation
    • F25D2317/061—Details or arrangements for circulating cooling fluids; Details or arrangements for circulating gas, e.g. air, within refrigerated spaces, not provided for in other groups of this subclass with forced air circulation through special compartments
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25D—REFRIGERATORS; COLD ROOMS; ICE-BOXES; COOLING OR FREEZING APPARATUS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F25D2317/00—Details or arrangements for circulating cooling fluids; Details or arrangements for circulating gas, e.g. air, within refrigerated spaces, not provided for in other groups of this subclass
    • F25D2317/06—Details or arrangements for circulating cooling fluids; Details or arrangements for circulating gas, e.g. air, within refrigerated spaces, not provided for in other groups of this subclass with forced air circulation
    • F25D2317/065—Details or arrangements for circulating cooling fluids; Details or arrangements for circulating gas, e.g. air, within refrigerated spaces, not provided for in other groups of this subclass with forced air circulation characterised by the air return
    • F25D2317/0653—Details or arrangements for circulating cooling fluids; Details or arrangements for circulating gas, e.g. air, within refrigerated spaces, not provided for in other groups of this subclass with forced air circulation characterised by the air return through the mullion
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25D—REFRIGERATORS; COLD ROOMS; ICE-BOXES; COOLING OR FREEZING APPARATUS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F25D2317/00—Details or arrangements for circulating cooling fluids; Details or arrangements for circulating gas, e.g. air, within refrigerated spaces, not provided for in other groups of this subclass
    • F25D2317/06—Details or arrangements for circulating cooling fluids; Details or arrangements for circulating gas, e.g. air, within refrigerated spaces, not provided for in other groups of this subclass with forced air circulation
    • F25D2317/068—Details or arrangements for circulating cooling fluids; Details or arrangements for circulating gas, e.g. air, within refrigerated spaces, not provided for in other groups of this subclass with forced air circulation characterised by the fans
    • F25D2317/0682—Two or more fans
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25D—REFRIGERATORS; COLD ROOMS; ICE-BOXES; COOLING OR FREEZING APPARATUS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F25D2400/00—General features of, or devices for refrigerators, cold rooms, ice-boxes, or for cooling or freezing apparatus not covered by any other subclass
    • F25D2400/04—Refrigerators with a horizontal mullion

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a hybrid cooling system that provides a cooling effect at a low temperature, and a refrigerator and a freezer which use the hybrid cooling system.
  • refrigerators include a compressor, a condenser, an expansion device, and an evaporator which form a cooling cycle to perform operations for compressing, condensing, and evaporating a refrigerant.
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic view illustrating a conventional cooling cycle for cooling a refrigerator to ultra-low temperatures.
  • the conventional refrigerator cooling cycle includes a first cooling cycle which is constituted by a first compressor 1, a first condenser 2, a first expansion device 3, and an intermediate heat exchanger 4, and a second cooling cycle which is constituted by a second compressor 5, an intermediate heat exchanger 6, a second expansion device 7, and an evaporator 8.
  • a refrigerant is compressed through the first compressor 1, condensed through the first condenser 2, expanded to a low-temperature and low-pressure liquid state through the first expansion device 3, and then evaporated through the intermediate heat exchanger 4 to generate a cooling effect.
  • a refrigerant is compressed through the second compressor 5, and then condensed through the intermediate heat exchanger 6 which functions as a second condenser.
  • the refrigerant is cooled to a temperature lower than the cooling temperature of the first condenser 2 in accordance with the cooling effect of the intermediate heat exchanger 4 in the first cycle.
  • the condensed refrigerant is expanded through the second expansion device 7, and is then evaporated through the evaporator 8 to generate a cooling effect at an ultra-low temperature of -30 to -80°C.
  • the first cooling cycle is driven to enable the intermediate heat exchanger 6 of the second cooling cycle to attain a desired ultra-low condensing temperature.
  • the refrigerant of the second cooling cycle must have a condensing temperature lower than that of the refrigerant of the first cooling cycle.
  • the present invention has been made in view of the above-mentioned problems, and it is an object of the invention to provide a hybrid cooling system for a refrigerator in which a single cooling cycle is formed, and a thermoelectric module is used to attain an ultra-low cooling temperature of -30 to -80°C.
  • the present invention relates to a hybrid cooling system wherein air heat-exchanged in an evaporator is re-cooled using a thermoelectric module having an electrical function to generate a cooling effect, so that the hybrid cooling system obtains a cooling effect at a lower temperature.
  • the present invention provides a cooling system as recited in claim 1.
  • the present invention provides a freezer as recited in claim 4.
  • the present invention provides a refrigerator comprising a freezer as recited in claim 9.
  • the present invention provides a cooling system as recited in claim 11.
  • FIG. 2 is a schematic view illustrating a hybrid cooling system of a refrigerator according to the present invention.
  • FIG. 3 is a sectional view illustrating a hybrid cooling structure in a refrigerator according to a first embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 4 is a schematic view illustrating a general thermoelectric module.
  • the refrigerator according to the present invention includes a refrigerant circulation type cooling system using circulation of a refrigerant to generate a cooling effect, and a thermoelectric module type cooling system using an electrical co-operation, namely, a Peltier effect.
  • the refrigerant circulation type cooling system includes a compressor 10 for compressing a gas refrigerant, a condenser 20 for condensing the refrigerant compressed in the compressor 10 to a liquid state, an expansion device 30 for expanding the refrigerant condensed in the condenser 20 to a fine mist state, and an evaporator 40 for heat-exchanging the expanded refrigerant with ambient air, thereby evaporating the refrigerant.
  • the thermoelectric module type cooling system includes a thermoelectric module 50 for generating a thermoelectric effect to re-cool the air cooled in accordance with the heat exchange thereof in the evaporator 40.
  • the refrigerator includes a machine compartment 100 in which the compressor 10, the condenser 20, and the expansion device 30 are installed.
  • the refrigerator also includes a freezing chamber 110 and a refrigerating chamber 120 which are provided in a space defined separately from the machine compartment 100.
  • the evaporator 40 is arranged between the freezing compartment 110 and the refrigerating compartment 120.
  • a blower 60 is installed inside the refrigerator to circulate air heat-exchanged in the evaporator 40 through the freezing compartment 110 and the refrigerating compartment 120.
  • a flow path is defined in the refrigerator to allow the air blown by the blower 60 to be circulated along the flow path, as shown by arrows in FIG. 3.
  • a cryogenic compartment 130 is defined in the freezing compartment 110, independently of the freezing compartment 110.
  • thermoelectric module 50 is an electric cooling system which does not include a mechanical configuration, contrary to refrigerant circulation type cooling systems.
  • the thermoelectric module 50 has a structure in which at least two P-type thermoelectric semiconductor devices 53 and at least two N-type thermoelectric semiconductor elements 54 are fixed between two ceramic substrates 51 and 52 by means of solder.
  • thermoelectric module 50 When DC current flows through the P-type and N-type thermoelectric elements 53 and 54, heat absorption and discharge phenomena occur at opposite ends of the thermoelectric module 50 in accordance with a Peltier effect. That is, when electrons migrate from the P-type element 53 to the N-type element 54, heat absorption occurs at the upper side of the thermoelectric module 50, and heat discharge occurs at the lower side of the thermoelectric module 50 when viewed in FIG. 4.
  • the Peltier effect discovered by Jean Peltier in 1834, is a phenomenon wherein, when a DC voltage is applied across a junction of different materials, heat absorption occurs at one side of the junction, and heat discharge occurs at the other side of the junction.
  • Thermoelectric modules using a Peltier effect have been developed and made commercially available.
  • thermoelectric module 50 is installed in the cryogenic compartment 130 such that the heat absorption surface of the thermoelectric module 50 is directed to the cryogenic compartment 130, and the heat discharge surface of the thermoelectric module 50 is directed to the freezing compartment 110.
  • thermoelectric module 50 be arranged in a path along which air blown by the blower 60 is circulated in the refrigerator, in order to directly receive the air.
  • thermoelectric module 50 when the direction of current applied to the thermoelectric module 50 is changed, the positions of the heat absorption surface and heat discharge surface are inverted.
  • blowers 70 and 75 be arranged at both surfaces of the thermoelectric module 50, respectively, in order to selectively circulate air cooled by the thermoelectric module 50 through the cryogenic chamber 130 or freezing compartment 110.
  • the refrigerant compressed by the compressor 10 is condensed to a liquid state by the condenser 20.
  • the condensed refrigerant is then changed to a mist state by the expansion device 30.
  • the mist refrigerant is evaporated by the evaporator 40.
  • Air passing the evaporator 40 during the evaporation of the refrigerant is cooled by the evaporator 40.
  • the cooled air is then fed to the freezing compartment 110 and refrigerating compartment 120 by the blower 60.
  • the blower 60 comprise a centrifugal blower adapted to centrally suck air, and to circumferentially discharge the sucked air, in order to enable the air cooled by the evaporator 40 to be supplied to both the freezing compartment 110 and the refrigerating compartment 120.
  • thermoelectric module 50 A fraction of the air introduced into the freezing compartment 110 by the blower 60 is fed to the thermoelectric module 50 which is installed to be exposed to the cryogenic compartment 130.
  • thermoelectric module 50 is selectively driven in accordance with user's desire.
  • the user desires to maintain the interior of the cryogenic compartment 130 at a temperature lower than that of the freezing compartment 110, the user operates a controller (not shown) for operation of the thermoelectric module 50.
  • thermoelectric module 50 When the thermoelectric module 50 operates, a heat absorption phenomenon occurs in the cryogenic compartment 130 by the thermoelectric module 50. At this time, a heat discharge phenomenon occurs outside the cryogenic compartment 130 by the thermoelectric module 50.
  • thermoelectric module 50 When the thermoelectric module 50 operates in the above-described manner, the freezing compartment 110 is maintained at a temperature of about -18°C, and the cryogenic compartment 130 is maintained at a temperature of about -30 to -40°C.
  • blowers 70 and 75 are arranged at opposite sides of the thermoelectric module 50, respectively, convection current of air cooled or heated around the thermoelectric module 50 by the Peltier effect is generated in an associated one of the cryogenic compartment 130 and freezing compartment 110. Accordingly, an enhanced cooling effect is generated in the cryogenic compartment 130.
  • thermoelectric module 50 it is possible to more actively control the temperature of the freezing compartment 110 or cryogenic compartment 130 by controlling the thermoelectric module 50. For example, when the temperature of the cryogenic compartment 130 is lower than a temperature desired by the user, a control operation is performed to change the polarity of current applied to the thermoelectric module 50, and thus, to increase the temperature of the cryogenic compartment 130. Of course, the operation reverse to the above-described operation is also possible.
  • FIG. 5 is a sectional view illustrating a hybrid cooling structure of a refrigerator according to a second embodiment of the present invention.
  • thermoelectric module 50 is attached to the evaporator 40.
  • the evaporator 40 is installed in the freezing compartment 110, and the thermoelectric module 50 is directly attached to the surface of the evaporator 40. In this case, air cooled by the evaporator 40 is re-cooled by the thermoelectric module 50.
  • thermoelectric module 50 there is an advantage in that it is possible to directly control the temperature of the evaporator 40 through the thermoelectric module 50.
  • FIG. 6 is a sectional view illustrating a freezer according to a third embodiment of the present invention.
  • the third embodiment of the present invention is similar to the first embodiment, the third embodiment provides a freezer which does not include the refrigerating compartment 120, but includes only the freezing compartment 110 and cryogenic compartment 130.
  • thermoelectric module 50 air blown by the blower 60 is circulated only through the freezing compartment 110.
  • the blowers 70 and 75 arranged around the thermoelectric module 50 operate at opposite sides of the thermoelectric module 50, respectively, to generate convection current of cooled air.
  • a door 135 is mounted to a front side of the cryogenic compartment 130, in order to prevent the cooled air in the cryogenic compartment 130 from being leaked into the freezing compartment 110. Accordingly, the temperature of the cryogenic compartment 130 can be maintained at a more uniform temperature.
  • FIG. 7 is a sectional view illustrating a freezer according to a fourth embodiment of the present invention.
  • thermoelectric module 50 is attached to the evaporator 40.
  • a fraction of air cooled by the evaporator 40 is fed to and circulated through the freezing compartment 110 by the blower 60.
  • the remaining fraction of the cooled air is re-cooled by the thermoelectric module 50, and is then circulated through the cryogenic compartment 130 by the blower 70.
  • the refrigerator and freezer each of which is configured by a combination of a refrigerant circulation type cooling system and a thermoelectric module type cooling system using a Peltier effect. Accordingly, it is possible to operate only the thermoelectric module, if necessary, and thus, to locally cool only the cryogenic compartment.
  • thermoelectric module which operates independently
  • the refrigerator and freezer have a simple structure, as compared to the conventional cases using two independent cooling cycles.
  • thermoelectric module re-cooling the cooled air generates a cooling effect using an electrical co-operation of the P-type and N-type semiconductor elements included in the thermoelectric module with current flowing through the semiconductor elements, namely, a Peltier effect. Accordingly, there are effects of a reduction in noise and a reduction in vibration, as compared to the conventional cases using two independent cooling cycles.
  • thermoelectric module operates independently of the refrigerant circulation type cooling system. Accordingly, the thermoelectric module can be installed at a desired position of either the refrigerator or the freezer. Since the thermoelectric module is electrically controlled, it is possible to easily achieve temperature control.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Thermal Sciences (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Devices That Are Associated With Refrigeration Equipment (AREA)
EP05077379A 2004-12-30 2005-10-17 Hybrid cooling system, and refrigerator and freezer using the same Withdrawn EP1677059A2 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
KR1020040116240A KR20060077396A (ko) 2004-12-30 2004-12-30 냉장고 및 냉장고의 하이브리드 냉각구조

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EP1677059A2 true EP1677059A2 (en) 2006-07-05

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EP05077379A Withdrawn EP1677059A2 (en) 2004-12-30 2005-10-17 Hybrid cooling system, and refrigerator and freezer using the same

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US (1) US20060144073A1 (zh)
EP (1) EP1677059A2 (zh)
KR (1) KR20060077396A (zh)
CN (1) CN1796900A (zh)

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