EP1675676A1 - Procede et appareil de chauffage micro-onde - Google Patents

Procede et appareil de chauffage micro-onde

Info

Publication number
EP1675676A1
EP1675676A1 EP03772629A EP03772629A EP1675676A1 EP 1675676 A1 EP1675676 A1 EP 1675676A1 EP 03772629 A EP03772629 A EP 03772629A EP 03772629 A EP03772629 A EP 03772629A EP 1675676 A1 EP1675676 A1 EP 1675676A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
inorganic compound
fluid
heating
mixture
microwave
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Withdrawn
Application number
EP03772629A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Inventor
Marcello Scutari
Francesco Mascia
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
SBS Srl
Original Assignee
SBS Srl
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by SBS Srl filed Critical SBS Srl
Publication of EP1675676A1 publication Critical patent/EP1675676A1/fr
Withdrawn legal-status Critical Current

Links

Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • H05B—ELECTRIC HEATING; ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS FOR ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES, IN GENERAL
    • H05B6/00—Heating by electric, magnetic or electromagnetic fields
    • H05B6/64—Heating using microwaves
    • H05B6/70—Feed lines
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
    • B01J19/00—Chemical, physical or physico-chemical processes in general; Their relevant apparatus
    • B01J19/08—Processes employing the direct application of electric or wave energy, or particle radiation; Apparatus therefor
    • B01J19/12—Processes employing the direct application of electric or wave energy, or particle radiation; Apparatus therefor employing electromagnetic waves
    • B01J19/122—Incoherent waves
    • B01J19/126—Microwaves
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • H05B—ELECTRIC HEATING; ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS FOR ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES, IN GENERAL
    • H05B6/00—Heating by electric, magnetic or electromagnetic fields
    • H05B6/64—Heating using microwaves
    • H05B6/80—Apparatus for specific applications
    • H05B6/806—Apparatus for specific applications for laboratory use
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
    • B01J2219/00—Chemical, physical or physico-chemical processes in general; Their relevant apparatus
    • B01J2219/00049—Controlling or regulating processes
    • B01J2219/00051—Controlling the temperature
    • B01J2219/00139—Controlling the temperature using electromagnetic heating
    • B01J2219/00141—Microwaves
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
    • B01J2219/00—Chemical, physical or physico-chemical processes in general; Their relevant apparatus
    • B01J2219/00049—Controlling or regulating processes
    • B01J2219/00191—Control algorithm
    • B01J2219/00193—Sensing a parameter
    • B01J2219/00195—Sensing a parameter of the reaction system
    • B01J2219/00198—Sensing a parameter of the reaction system at the reactor inlet
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
    • B01J2219/00—Chemical, physical or physico-chemical processes in general; Their relevant apparatus
    • B01J2219/00049—Controlling or regulating processes
    • B01J2219/00191—Control algorithm
    • B01J2219/00193—Sensing a parameter
    • B01J2219/00195—Sensing a parameter of the reaction system
    • B01J2219/00202—Sensing a parameter of the reaction system at the reactor outlet
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
    • B01J2219/00—Chemical, physical or physico-chemical processes in general; Their relevant apparatus
    • B01J2219/00049—Controlling or regulating processes
    • B01J2219/00191—Control algorithm
    • B01J2219/00211—Control algorithm comparing a sensed parameter with a pre-set value
    • B01J2219/00213—Fixed parameter value
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
    • B01J2219/00—Chemical, physical or physico-chemical processes in general; Their relevant apparatus
    • B01J2219/00049—Controlling or regulating processes
    • B01J2219/00191—Control algorithm
    • B01J2219/00222—Control algorithm taking actions
    • B01J2219/00227—Control algorithm taking actions modifying the operating conditions
    • B01J2219/00238—Control algorithm taking actions modifying the operating conditions of the heat exchange system

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a process and a device for heating materials using microwaves.
  • microwaves as energy source for heating or cooking has been known for some time and is based on the property of the microwaves to excite the molecular movements of some materials, including fluids such as water and air, causing them to heat.
  • the use of microwaves to dry materials and products in general is known, too.
  • the use of microwaves for heating domestic hot water has been proposed.
  • Patent application GB-A-2354688 describes a heating device wherein water is flowed through a transparent silica coil inside a sealed chamber provided with two magnetrons. However, this device has proved to be costly and of little efficiency.
  • Patent US-B-4956533 relates to ceramic compositions that can be used in disposable packagings for pre-cooked foods to be heated in microwave ovens.
  • alumina (Al 2 0 3 ), sodium metasilicate, kaolin, talc or analogous hydrated ceramic materials are used as microwave radiation absorbing compounds, individually or as a mixture. These materials are used together with a variety of binders, ranging from PVC to chalk, with which they are mixed in damp form and then dried until they reach a water content ranging between 2.5% and 10%.
  • the disadvantages of this embodiment are that heating is essentially based on the presence of water in the mixture of absorbing compounds and that the materials are not able to withstand prolonged or repeated heating cycles. Summary of the invention
  • This aim is reached by means of the present invention, which relates to a process for heating a material, characterized in that it comprises the steps of placing said material in a heat exchange relation with an inorganic compound selected from tectosilicates, phyllosilicates and mixtures thereof and applying microwave radiation to said inorganic compound to heat it.
  • the heated inorganic compound then releases its heat to the material with which it is in contact and therefore functions, together with the microwave source, as a heat source, as well as a heat exchange means.
  • the material to be heated is a fluid that is flowed through a heating element comprising a heat exchanger, for example a coil or another type of heat exchanger, such as a tube bundle or a plate heat exchanger, said heat exchanger being covered by, or embedded in, a mixture containing the inorganic compound and a heat-resistant binder; alternatively, the fluid is made to flow directly through a heating element composed of said inorganic compound and if necessary by a binder.
  • a heat exchanger for example a coil or another type of heat exchanger, such as a tube bundle or a plate heat exchanger, said heat exchanger being covered by, or embedded in, a mixture containing the inorganic compound and a heat-resistant binder
  • the fluid is made to flow directly through a heating element composed of said inorganic compound and if necessary by a binder.
  • the material to be heated is a thermoplastic material and the process comprises the steps of mixing this thermoplastic material with the microwave absorbing inorganic material, irradiating the mixture until plasticization of the thermoplastic material and subjecting the plasticized mixture to processing such as " injection or compression molding, extrusion, blow molding and the like.
  • the inorganic compound is at least in part used as a filler for the thermoplastic material and it is molded or processed together with it.
  • the invention provides to irradiate, and thereby heat, these compounds instead of the material itself; the compounds in .turn release the heat to the material and thus make it possible to treat any material, irrespective of the water content, or humidity, of the material to be heated.
  • This aspect is particularly advantageous as it allows the use of microwaves to heat materials such as thermoplastic materials, which can otherwise only be heated with traditional methods.
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic view of a device for heating a fluid according to the invention
  • FIG. 2 is a schematic view, partially sectional, of a heating element to use in the device in Figure 1 ;
  • FIG. 3 is a block diagram of the device shown in Figure 1. Detailed description of the invention.
  • a material is heated indirectly, by placing it in direct or indirect contact, that is in a heat exchange relation, with microwave absorbing inorganic compounds selected from " minerals ⁇ in- the classes of tectosilicates, phyllosilicates and mixtures thereof.
  • feldspars which are aluminosilicates of K, Na and Ca, and in particular: - Orthoclase and Microcline
  • suitable compounds are minerals belonging to the Mica group such as Biotite, Muscovite, Paragonite, Phlogopite, Lepidolite and Zinnwaldite.
  • the inorganic compound(s) that absorb the microwaves and heat up are generally mixed with one or more binders.
  • binders is intended as any type of matrix containing microwave absorbing inorganic compounds.
  • An example of a natural binder is the matrices of the rocks containing these compounds.
  • These mineral compounds can in fact be found individually inside the earth's crust or, more commonly, inside rocks, in particular inside magmatic rocks such as:
  • a preferred rock is granite in all its types.
  • synthetic binders may also be used: the term "synthetic binders" is intended as comprising all binders obtained through the action of man, such as cement, in particular refractory cements, the use of which is illustrated hereunder.
  • the material to be heated is a fluid and in particular air, water or a water-based fluid.
  • the invention is implemented with excellent results to produce heating modules and to the heating of fluids by means of materials sensitive to microwaves, by natural or forced convection of fluids in stationary, laminar or turbulent motion, by conduction, both stationary and non-stationary, and by irradiation. Air will be heated when, for example, house or buildings heating is required, while water will be heated to produce hot water, and a fluid containing water and if necessary additives is heated when house heating through a plumbing system is required.
  • the fluid in a preferred embodiment of the invention is flowed through a heat exchanger, such as a coil, or a tube bundle or a plate- type heat exchanger.
  • Said heat exchanger element is covered by, or embedded in, a mixture comprising said inorganic compound(s) and a heat resistant binder, such as a cement binder; in another embodiment the fluid is made to flow through a heating element which releases the heat directly to the fluid.
  • the heating element according to the invention having the required shape, for example a container, can contact directly the material to be heated, or it can be provided with a "liner" or other type of coating positioned between it and the material to be heated.
  • FIGS 1-3 show an application of the invention for the production of hot water.
  • a microwave generator 1 has been fitted, if necessary pF ⁇ vided with " a waveguide (not shown) on a casing 2 ⁇ ot transparent to the microwaves and designed so as to allow maximum reflection of the microwaves inside it.
  • the power of the megatron is depending on the civil or industrial application for which it is designed and in general it is within the range of 0.3 and 9.0 kW; in the application for the production of hot water for domestic use the power is within the range of 300 MHz to 300 GHz, corresponding to a wavelength from 1.0 m to 1.0 mm.
  • a heating element 3 embedded inside which is a coil 4 in copper or another material with high thermal conductivity and/or material resistant to high temperatures.
  • the heating element where the coil 4 is embedded in comprises a mix of the aforesaid inorganic compound with a binder resistant to high temperatures, for example a refractory cement; the coil 4 has an inlet 5 and an outlet 6 for the fluid and is provided, in a way known per se, with a valve 5a so as to allow both continuous and discontinuous flow of the fluid through it.
  • the microwave generator 1 When the microwave generator 1 is started, the material of which the heating element 3 is composed receives energy in the form of microwaves and returns it in the form of heat to the coil 4, which in turn releases the heat to the fluid contained inside the coil.
  • the material of which the heating element 3 is composed receives energy in the form of microwaves and returns it in the form of heat to the coil 4, which in turn releases the heat to the fluid contained inside the coil.
  • a magnetron 1 of 1000W was used inside an steel irradiation chamber 2, inside which is fitted a heating element composed of 40% granite powder and 60% high temperatures resistant cement binder. Seven meters of copper coil with an internal diameter of 12.5 mm (1/2") were embedded inside the heating element.
  • a continuous flow of water with a flow rate of 10-15 l/min depending on the mains pressure, with an input temperature of 15°C, it is obtained an output temperature of 20°C after one minute, of 25°C after two minutes, of 75°C after 5 minutes and with longer irradiation times the liquid was delivered in the form of steam.
  • FIG. 3 shows a block diagram of a complete apparatus for heating water, comprising a flowmeter 7 at the inlet, a water temperature and flow rate sensor 8 at the inlet, a water temperature sensor 9 at the outlet and an electronic device 10 to control the temperatures and the power of the microwave source.
  • Panels or tiles produced with the materials indicated hereinbefore as microwave absorbers, generally mixed with binders, may advantageously be used as elements for heating ovens and similar equipment.
  • the microwave absorbing material according to the invention is essentially anhydrous and may advantageously be used as at least part of the filler in plastic materials.
  • a possible such a use is in the extrusion of a plate of thermoplastic material containing a quantity of compound according to the invention that allows its subsequent heating by means of microwaves before a compression molding or thermoforming step. This technique is particularly useful in the production of panels for automobile interiors, refrigerator and freezer interiors and the like.
  • injection molding thanks to the presence of the filler it is possible to substitute the traditional plasticizing screw with a mixer or with a screw of reduced length.

Landscapes

  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Electromagnetism (AREA)
  • Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Toxicology (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Clinical Laboratory Science (AREA)
  • Compositions Of Macromolecular Compounds (AREA)
  • Constitution Of High-Frequency Heating (AREA)

Abstract

L'invention concerne un procédé et un appareil permettant de chauffer une matière, notamment des fluides tels que l'air et l'eau, au moyen de micro-ondes. Ledit procédé est mis en oeuvre par placement de la matière en relation d'échange thermique avec un composé inorganique absorbant les micro-ondes sélectionné dans le groupe de minéraux composé par les tectosilicates et les phyllosilicates; et par application d'un rayonnement de micro-onde sur le composé inorganique qui est chauffé et libère de la chaleur sur ladite matière.
EP03772629A 2003-10-02 2003-10-02 Procede et appareil de chauffage micro-onde Withdrawn EP1675676A1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
PCT/IT2003/000595 WO2005030385A1 (fr) 2003-10-02 2003-10-02 Procede et appareil de chauffage micro-onde

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP1675676A1 true EP1675676A1 (fr) 2006-07-05

Family

ID=34385792

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP03772629A Withdrawn EP1675676A1 (fr) 2003-10-02 2003-10-02 Procede et appareil de chauffage micro-onde

Country Status (3)

Country Link
EP (1) EP1675676A1 (fr)
AU (1) AU2003279522A1 (fr)
WO (1) WO2005030385A1 (fr)

Families Citing this family (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US20070235450A1 (en) 2006-03-30 2007-10-11 Advanced Composite Materials Corporation Composite materials and devices comprising single crystal silicon carbide heated by electromagnetic radiation
CN101954266B (zh) * 2009-07-20 2013-03-20 北京思践通科技发展有限公司 一种化学反应设备及该设备在化学反应中的应用

Family Cites Families (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4956533A (en) * 1987-06-01 1990-09-11 General Mills, Inc. Solid state ceramic microwave heating susceptor compositions
US5183787A (en) * 1987-09-10 1993-02-02 General Mills, Inc. Amphoteric ceramic microwave heating susceptor compositions with metal salt moderators
ZA934078B (en) * 1992-06-19 1994-02-03 Csir Method of carrying out solid/gas exothermic reaction
JP2699814B2 (ja) * 1993-08-06 1998-01-19 東洋製罐株式会社 フレーバー保持性に優れたプラスチック多層容器及び米飯包装体
GB0008769D0 (en) * 2000-04-10 2000-05-31 Fucilla Franco Electron/silica water heater

Non-Patent Citations (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Title
See references of WO2005030385A1 *

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
WO2005030385A1 (fr) 2005-04-07
AU2003279522A1 (en) 2005-04-14

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