EP1673172A1 - Processing reactor and operational method for electrodynamic fragmentation - Google Patents
Processing reactor and operational method for electrodynamic fragmentationInfo
- Publication number
- EP1673172A1 EP1673172A1 EP04763842A EP04763842A EP1673172A1 EP 1673172 A1 EP1673172 A1 EP 1673172A1 EP 04763842 A EP04763842 A EP 04763842A EP 04763842 A EP04763842 A EP 04763842A EP 1673172 A1 EP1673172 A1 EP 1673172A1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- reaction
- electrode
- process reactor
- voltage
- reactor according
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Granted
Links
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 44
- 238000006062 fragmentation reaction Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 24
- 238000013467 fragmentation Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 23
- 230000005520 electrodynamics Effects 0.000 title claims abstract description 9
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 89
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 62
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 38
- 229910052500 inorganic mineral Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 239000011707 mineral Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 230000032258 transport Effects 0.000 claims description 16
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 210000001061 forehead Anatomy 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000001105 regulatory effect Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000005684 electric field Effects 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000010292 electrical insulation Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000000498 cooling water Substances 0.000 claims 1
- 238000007665 sagging Methods 0.000 claims 1
- 230000000903 blocking effect Effects 0.000 abstract 1
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 230000009471 action Effects 0.000 description 3
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 3
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 3
- 230000003628 erosive effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 239000012212 insulator Substances 0.000 description 3
- 230000035939 shock Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000005194 fractionation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000009413 insulation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000011159 matrix material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 101000863856 Homo sapiens Shiftless antiviral inhibitor of ribosomal frameshifting protein Proteins 0.000 description 1
- 241000414697 Tegra Species 0.000 description 1
- 238000009825 accumulation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000004568 cement Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000006073 displacement reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000009826 distribution Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000000605 extraction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000011049 filling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000000227 grinding Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007774 longterm Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000007257 malfunction Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000011017 operating method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000002787 reinforcement Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000008439 repair process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000011435 rock Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000000926 separation method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000009827 uniform distribution Methods 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B02—CRUSHING, PULVERISING, OR DISINTEGRATING; PREPARATORY TREATMENT OF GRAIN FOR MILLING
- B02C—CRUSHING, PULVERISING, OR DISINTEGRATING IN GENERAL; MILLING GRAIN
- B02C19/00—Other disintegrating devices or methods
- B02C19/18—Use of auxiliary physical effects, e.g. ultrasonics, irradiation, for disintegrating
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B02—CRUSHING, PULVERISING, OR DISINTEGRATING; PREPARATORY TREATMENT OF GRAIN FOR MILLING
- B02C—CRUSHING, PULVERISING, OR DISINTEGRATING IN GENERAL; MILLING GRAIN
- B02C19/00—Other disintegrating devices or methods
- B02C19/18—Use of auxiliary physical effects, e.g. ultrasonics, irradiation, for disintegrating
- B02C2019/183—Crushing by discharge of high electrical energy
Definitions
- the invention relates to a process reactor for the electrodynamic fragmentation of lumpy, mineral materials immersed in a process liquid by means of pulsed high-voltage discharges and a method for operating the process reactor.
- the basic structure of such a process reactor consists of: a closed reaction vessel with a funnel-shaped bottom and a central outlet in it. An electrode that can be subjected to high voltage, the high-voltage electrode, projects into it from above. This electrode is covered with electrical insulation except for its free end area.
- the high-voltage electrode can be displaced along its axis, so that the end of the latter is centrally located opposite the outlet, the metallic border of which represents the other counterelectrode, which is at an electrical reference potential, on the funnel-shaped bottom of the reaction container. Material is fed continuously or batchwise through an opening in the wall of the reaction container for fractionation.
- overrun mode also called batch mode in technical parlance
- a small amount in the range of a few kilograms of the material to be treated is usually introduced into the process space by hand and over the ground electrode, usually a sieve plate , deposited and fragmented by means of the high voltage discharges.
- the sieve passage and, if available, the sieve support are discharged separately.
- a typical representative of this mode of operation is the Franka-0 system DE19534232 C2 (FIGS. 5, 6) or similar systems, which are described, for example, in the publication [1].
- This batch mode is not particularly suitable for industrially relevant mass throughputs.
- the device specified in [2] is for continuous filling, but is not suitable for larger mass throughputs because of the sieve used.
- This effect is always undesirable if, in addition to the basic requirement for shredding a material, maintaining the size of certain components in a heterogeneous material also plays an important role.
- One example is the preparation of concrete, where working over a sieve electrode inevitably leads to an undesirable shift of the sieve line of the original aggregate to smaller fractions. A direct mixing of new concrete on the basis of this recyclate is therefore impossible. If this sieve line shift or the undesired grinding process is to be avoided, a sieve must be included larger number of holes and with a larger hole diameter can be used.
- Sieves also have the serious disadvantage of an unavoidable tendency to clog as a result of foreign bodies in the concrete rubble, such as nails and remains of reinforcement, which impair the functionality of a technical system.
- the invention has for its object to provide a process reactor for preferably continuous and efficient electrodynamic fragmentation of brittle, lumpy, mineral materials for industrially relevant mass flow rates.
- the object is achieved by a process reactor according to the characterizing features of claim 1 and by a method according to the method steps of claim 11.
- the outlet on the funnel-shaped bottom opens into a pitot tube, under which there is a transport unit for material removal, which transports the processed fragmentation material that sags through the pitot tube.
- a material feed device with which material to be fractionated is introduced into the reaction vessel, ends in the opening of the wall of the reaction vessel.
- a stowage device is located in the reaction vessel in front of the material inlet, which regulates the material inflow and the fill level in the reaction space or with which the material inflow is regulated.
- the average residence time T M of the material in the reaction zone is determined by the speed of material removal determines the pitot tube below the reaction zone.
- Speed is determined by the exit surface A u at the pitot tube outlet, the adjustable distance a between the lower opening of the
- Velocity v 0 set.
- the delivery rate dV / dt results from the combination of these parameters.
- the length 1 of the pitot tube is selected such that a stable angle of repose of the fragmented material which is conspicuous on the transport unit is formed during fragmentation.
- the degree of fragmentation of the processed good is determined by the average number of high-voltage pulses n, which act on the amount m of the material in the reaction zone, and the
- Delivery rate dV / dt as well as the amount of energy entered into the material per high-voltage pulse and the pulse repetition frequency f der
- the central outlet at the funnel-shaped bottom is a metallic pitot tube with the upper clear entry area A 0 , the outlet, the lower clear exit area A u and the area relationship A 0 ⁇ A u .
- This outlet has a conical edge and fits flush and smooth into the conical part of the funnel-shaped base.
- the metallic border of the outlet forms the counter electrode in the two-electrode system of the process reactor and is connected to a reference potential, usually ground potential.
- A ⁇ d 2/4 .
- the pitot tube can have a round or polygonal cross-section and lead away perpendicularly or obliquely from the reactor.
- the metallic wall of the reaction vessel sits on the funnel-shaped bottom, it is connected to the same reference potential as the pitot tube.
- the pitot tube opens vertically or obliquely into a discharge channel and stands at an adjustable distance a above the transport unit for the material removal.
- a material feed device with which material to be fragmented is introduced into the reaction vessel, opens into the opening of the wall of the reaction vessel.
- a storage device sits in or protrudes into the reaction vessel, which regulates the level or the material inflow.
- the high-voltage electrode is, as described in claim 3, made of electrically conductive, low-erosion metal. According to claim 4, it can be solid, ie fully cylindrical or tubular, ie hollow cylindrical, each with a round or polygonal cross section.
- the forehead with the mean diameter d e stands parallel to the conical widening on the outlet pipe, forming a conical ring-shaped gap between the high-voltage electrode and the electrode lying at the reference potential with the circumferentially constant width g, and thus forms the conically ring-shaped reaction zone for fragmentation.
- the material feed device is, for example, a vibrator known from conveyor technology or a conveyor belt.
- the storage device in the reaction vessel is, for example, a height-adjustable baffle guided on the wall of the reaction vessel, which in the closed position also touches or sits on the reaction vessel with its bottom edge.
- the stowage device according to claim 7 can be a group of at least one channel that runs horizontally or helically around the inner wall of the reaction chamber, along the bottom line of which there are holes, each of which is attached to a tube with at least the inside diameter of the hole diameter, so that material which falls through does not jam can.
- the pipes lead down near the reactor wall and open into the actual reaction volume.
- the following can be considered as a transport unit:
- a baffle plate according to claim 8 on which the heaped up, fractionated material is turned away and, for example, directed down over a separating board, or likewise a conveyor belt according to claim 9.
- the start of the discharge channels on the two electrodes is crucial for the reliable long-term operation of the fragmentation system. At the exit surfaces, they should begin in a designated area so that the electrode erosion does not get stuck locally, but instead occurs as statistically evenly as possible with each discharge. According to claim 10, two surface states can contribute to this, namely the surface of the annular end of the high-voltage electrode in the intended starting area of the discharge channels is smooth or rough in such a way that local increases in the electric field are achieved in a statistically uniform distribution due to the shape.
- pulsed high-voltage discharges are used for processing.
- the electrical discharge goes at least predominantly through the material to be fragmented and not around it only through the process liquid.
- the process reactor meets the following requirements:
- the fill level of the material in the process reactor is kept constant. This is an important point, since if the accumulation device fails, the process reactor, in the event that the delivery of the material takes place faster than the processing and removal - a scenario that can easily occur in the event of malfunctions - is successively filled with supplied material would be.
- the average residence time of the material to be fragmented in the reaction volume is controlled in order to achieve the desired degree of fragmentation by means of an average number of discharges per unit mass of the material passed through.
- the fragmented material is checked from the reaction volume and continuously removed.
- the high voltage discharges preferentially go through the material to be fragmented, it is electrodynamically fractionated, i.e. Discharge paths through the material initially explode, the subsequent shock wave action grinds the material further by external action.
- the electrode arrangement specified here has the advantages: - The reaction space is much larger due to its conical ring shape with the same electrode spacing, so more material can be enforced and processed;
- the ground electrode, the pitot tube, does not have the usual sieve-like structures with the associated problems of mechanical stability and clogging;
- the pitot tube as a whole is the ground electrode and therefore also has an axial extension
- Figure 1 shows the process reactor in axial section
- Figure 2 enlarges the reaction area with nearby environment and pitot tube.
- the material to be fragmented is conveyed / shaken by the material receiving funnel into the barrel-shaped reaction container 1 made of sheet metal via the vibrating tube 5, the vibrator.
- the amount of material supplied can be adjusted by the intensity of the vibratory conveyor drive 6.
- the baffle plate 7 is installed in a height-adjustable manner. With the adjustable passage width w between the lower edge of the baffle plate and the funnel-shaped wall of the reaction container 1, the height of the bed of the material to be processed in the reaction space above the reaction zone 8 is independent of the intensity of the vibratory conveyor 6 or Material transport limited to the top. This will make the
- the limitation of the total amount of material in the reaction container 1 is also important in the case of repair work.
- the plate-like shaped end 4 of the high-voltage electrode 3 with the average diameter d e of the forehead forms the annular gap of the width g with the opposite funnel-shaped ground electrode 9.
- the high-voltage discharges preferably occur at the locations of the highest field strength, ie between the end 4 of the high-voltage electrode 3, one mineral lumps of material in contact therewith with a lower relative dielectric constant ⁇ r than the process liquid, here water, and the reaction vessel 1 here at ground / earth potential.
- the HV discharges also occur statistically distributed over the circumference of the electrodes 4, 9.
- the process liquid required for the electrodynamic fragmentation - usually water - is fed in and out via openings in the bottom of the reaction container 11, 12.
- the pulse generator / electrical energy store is also designed to be sufficiently strong. Then the average residence time T M of the material in the reaction zone is determined by the speed of material removal through the pitot tube 9.
- the pitot tube 9 is strongly conical with its area opposite the high-voltage electrode 3, here has a circular cross section and opens slightly conically downwards.
- the entry from the reaction zone 8 into the pitot tube has the smaller inside width d 0 and thus the circular entry area A Q and the exit has the larger inside width d u with the correspondingly larger exit area A u .
- the withdrawal speed v 0 or delivery rate dV / dt from the Reaction zone 8 is caused by the adjustable distance a between the outlet of the pitot tube 9 and the transport unit 10, which here is a conveyor belt which can be adjusted with the adjustable
- the length 1 of the pitot tube 9 is selected such that a stable angle of repose is formed on the backwater surface under water and despite the vibrations caused by the fragmentation process.
- the average number n of high-voltage pulses which acts on the amount of material passed through, is determined by the congestion parameters a, v 0 and the pulse repetition frequency f of the high-voltage pulses.
- the congestion parameters must be adapted, ie the distance a to the backflow element and / or the speed v 0 of the backflow surface must be reduced.
Landscapes
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Toxicology (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Food Science & Technology (AREA)
- Physical Or Chemical Processes And Apparatus (AREA)
- Disintegrating Or Milling (AREA)
Abstract
Description
Claims
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
DE10346650A DE10346650A1 (en) | 2003-10-08 | 2003-10-08 | Process reactor and operating method for electrodynamic fragmentation |
PCT/EP2004/008802 WO2005044457A1 (en) | 2003-10-08 | 2004-08-06 | Processing reactor and operational method for electrodynamic fragmentation |
Publications (2)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
EP1673172A1 true EP1673172A1 (en) | 2006-06-28 |
EP1673172B1 EP1673172B1 (en) | 2008-02-13 |
Family
ID=34441841
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
EP04763842A Expired - Lifetime EP1673172B1 (en) | 2003-10-08 | 2004-08-06 | Processing reactor and operational method for electrodynamic fragmentation |
Country Status (7)
Country | Link |
---|---|
US (1) | US7246761B2 (en) |
EP (1) | EP1673172B1 (en) |
CN (1) | CN100457278C (en) |
AT (1) | ATE385854T1 (en) |
CA (1) | CA2537045C (en) |
DE (2) | DE10346650A1 (en) |
WO (1) | WO2005044457A1 (en) |
Families Citing this family (24)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
DE10346055B8 (en) * | 2003-10-04 | 2005-04-14 | Forschungszentrum Karlsruhe Gmbh | Construction of an electrodynamic fractionation plant |
DE102008045946B4 (en) * | 2008-09-04 | 2015-04-30 | Exland Biotech Inc. | Hochfrequenzzerkleinerer |
FR2942149B1 (en) * | 2009-02-13 | 2012-07-06 | Camille Cie D Assistance Miniere Et Ind | METHOD AND SYSTEM FOR VALORIZING MATERIALS AND / OR PRODUCTS BY PULSE POWER |
FR2949356B1 (en) * | 2009-08-26 | 2011-11-11 | Camille Cie D Assistance Miniere Et Ind | METHOD AND SYSTEM FOR VALORIZING MATERIALS AND / OR PRODUCTS BY PULSE POWER |
WO2012129708A1 (en) * | 2011-03-30 | 2012-10-04 | Selfrag Ag | Electrode arrangement for an electrodynamic fragmentation plant |
CA2850980C (en) * | 2011-10-10 | 2018-05-01 | Selfrag Ag | Method of fragmenting and/or weakening of material by means of high voltage discharges |
DE102012101165A1 (en) * | 2012-02-14 | 2013-08-14 | Ald Vacuum Technologies Gmbh | Separating gravel- and cement phases from contaminated material, comprises introducing contaminated material into container containing liquid, first and second electrode, and generating voltage pulse between electrodes to comminute material |
JP6231103B2 (en) * | 2012-08-24 | 2017-11-15 | ゼルフラーク アクチエンゲゼルシャフトselFrag AG | Method and apparatus for crushing and / or weakening material using high voltage pulses |
WO2015024048A1 (en) * | 2013-08-19 | 2015-02-26 | Technological Resources Pty. Limited | An apparatus and a method for treating mined material |
ES2656504T3 (en) * | 2013-10-25 | 2018-02-27 | Selfrag Ag | Procedure to fragment and / or pre-enable material through high voltage discharges |
WO2015058311A1 (en) * | 2013-10-25 | 2015-04-30 | Selfrag Ag | Method of fragmenting and/or weakening a material by means of high voltage discharges |
DE102014008989B4 (en) * | 2014-06-13 | 2022-04-07 | Technische Universität Bergakademie Freiberg | Device and method for the comminution of solids by means of electric pulses |
CN107206390B (en) * | 2015-02-27 | 2020-06-16 | 泽尔弗拉格股份公司 | Method and device for fragmenting and/or refining bulk material by means of high-voltage discharge |
US10919045B2 (en) * | 2015-02-27 | 2021-02-16 | Selfrag Ag | Method and device for fragmenting and/or weakening pourable material by means of high-voltage discharges |
CN104984807B (en) * | 2015-07-08 | 2017-10-31 | 温州科技职业学院 | A kind of method of device and its breaking ores for continuous discharge breaking ores |
CN105618230B (en) * | 2016-02-22 | 2018-06-01 | 沈阳理工大学 | A kind of high-voltage pulse kata-rocks ore deposit device |
CN106944225B (en) * | 2017-03-31 | 2018-08-28 | 东北大学 | A kind of high electric field pulse preprocess method that strong permanent magnet mine is crushed and sorts |
CN106944223B (en) * | 2017-03-31 | 2018-11-27 | 东北大学 | A method of grinding efficiency is improved using electric pulse pretreatment ore |
CN106824454B (en) * | 2017-03-31 | 2018-10-23 | 东北大学 | A kind of high electric field pulse preprocess method strengthened refractory gold ore and leached |
JP6722874B2 (en) * | 2017-06-06 | 2020-07-15 | パナソニックIpマネジメント株式会社 | Plate-shaped article disassembling device |
DE102018003512A1 (en) * | 2018-04-28 | 2019-10-31 | Diehl Defence Gmbh & Co. Kg | Plant and method for electrodynamic fragmentation |
JP6947126B2 (en) * | 2018-06-12 | 2021-10-13 | 株式会社Sumco | Silicon rod crushing method and equipment, and silicon ingot manufacturing method |
CN110215985B (en) * | 2019-07-05 | 2021-06-01 | 东北大学 | High-voltage electric pulse device for ore crushing pretreatment |
US20240279592A1 (en) | 2021-06-11 | 2024-08-22 | Evonik Operations Gmbh | A method of cell lysis |
Family Cites Families (13)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
FR1341851A (en) * | 1962-12-17 | 1963-11-02 | Enertron Corp | Method and apparatus for the treatment of materials, in particular by spraying and mixing of materials by new electro-hydraulic action |
US3207447A (en) * | 1963-08-22 | 1965-09-21 | Kennecott Copper Corp | Method of crushing ores with explosive energy released in a liquid medium, and apparatus therefor |
US3715082A (en) * | 1970-12-07 | 1973-02-06 | Atomic Energy Authority Uk | Electro-hydraulic crushing apparatus |
GB1350600A (en) * | 1970-12-30 | 1974-04-18 | Atomic Energy Authority Uk | Electro-hydraulic crushing apparatus |
US4313573A (en) * | 1980-02-25 | 1982-02-02 | Battelle Development Corporation | Two stage comminution |
AU554866B2 (en) * | 1982-05-21 | 1986-09-04 | De Beers Industrial Diamond Division (Proprietary) Limited | High voltage disintegration |
US4653697A (en) * | 1985-05-03 | 1987-03-31 | Ceee Corporation | Method and apparatus for fragmenting a substance by the discharge of pulsed electrical energy |
IL100227A0 (en) * | 1990-12-03 | 1992-09-06 | Redding Bruce K | Apparatus and method for micronizing particles |
RU2081259C1 (en) * | 1995-02-22 | 1997-06-10 | Научно-исследовательский институт высоких напряжений при Томском политехническом университете | Method for making pieces of substandard reinforced concrete |
CA2151316C (en) * | 1995-06-08 | 1999-06-15 | Sadan Kelebek | Process for improved separation of sulphide minerals or middlings associated with pyrrhotite |
DE19534232C2 (en) * | 1995-09-15 | 1998-01-29 | Karlsruhe Forschzent | Process for comminuting and crushing solids conglomerated from non-metallic or partially metallic components and for comminuting homogeneous non-metallic solids |
US5758831A (en) * | 1996-10-31 | 1998-06-02 | Aerie Partners, Inc. | Comminution by cryogenic electrohydraulics |
DE10009569C2 (en) * | 2000-02-29 | 2003-03-27 | Schott Glas | Method and device for comminuting glass bodies by means of microwave heating |
-
2003
- 2003-10-08 DE DE10346650A patent/DE10346650A1/en not_active Ceased
-
2004
- 2004-08-06 WO PCT/EP2004/008802 patent/WO2005044457A1/en active IP Right Grant
- 2004-08-06 AT AT04763842T patent/ATE385854T1/en active
- 2004-08-06 CA CA 2537045 patent/CA2537045C/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 2004-08-06 CN CNB2004800294921A patent/CN100457278C/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 2004-08-06 DE DE502004006209T patent/DE502004006209D1/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 2004-08-06 EP EP04763842A patent/EP1673172B1/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
-
2006
- 2006-02-10 US US11/351,629 patent/US7246761B2/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
Non-Patent Citations (1)
Title |
---|
See references of WO2005044457A1 * |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
CN100457278C (en) | 2009-02-04 |
CA2537045A1 (en) | 2005-05-19 |
CN1863602A (en) | 2006-11-15 |
ATE385854T1 (en) | 2008-03-15 |
DE10346650A1 (en) | 2005-05-19 |
US20060163392A1 (en) | 2006-07-27 |
US7246761B2 (en) | 2007-07-24 |
EP1673172B1 (en) | 2008-02-13 |
WO2005044457A1 (en) | 2005-05-19 |
DE502004006209D1 (en) | 2008-03-27 |
CA2537045C (en) | 2008-08-05 |
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