EP1661629B1 - Appareil à vibrations pour l'éjection d'objets - Google Patents

Appareil à vibrations pour l'éjection d'objets Download PDF

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Publication number
EP1661629B1
EP1661629B1 EP20050110686 EP05110686A EP1661629B1 EP 1661629 B1 EP1661629 B1 EP 1661629B1 EP 20050110686 EP20050110686 EP 20050110686 EP 05110686 A EP05110686 A EP 05110686A EP 1661629 B1 EP1661629 B1 EP 1661629B1
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Prior art keywords
piston
cavity
conduit
rod
port
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EP20050110686
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German (de)
English (en)
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EP1661629A2 (fr
EP1661629A3 (fr
Inventor
Silvano Bordignon
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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B06—GENERATING OR TRANSMITTING MECHANICAL VIBRATIONS IN GENERAL
    • B06B—METHODS OR APPARATUS FOR GENERATING OR TRANSMITTING MECHANICAL VIBRATIONS OF INFRASONIC, SONIC, OR ULTRASONIC FREQUENCY, e.g. FOR PERFORMING MECHANICAL WORK IN GENERAL
    • B06B1/00—Methods or apparatus for generating mechanical vibrations of infrasonic, sonic, or ultrasonic frequency
    • B06B1/18—Methods or apparatus for generating mechanical vibrations of infrasonic, sonic, or ultrasonic frequency wherein the vibrator is actuated by pressure fluid
    • B06B1/183—Methods or apparatus for generating mechanical vibrations of infrasonic, sonic, or ultrasonic frequency wherein the vibrator is actuated by pressure fluid operating with reciprocating masses
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B06—GENERATING OR TRANSMITTING MECHANICAL VIBRATIONS IN GENERAL
    • B06B—METHODS OR APPARATUS FOR GENERATING OR TRANSMITTING MECHANICAL VIBRATIONS OF INFRASONIC, SONIC, OR ULTRASONIC FREQUENCY, e.g. FOR PERFORMING MECHANICAL WORK IN GENERAL
    • B06B1/00—Methods or apparatus for generating mechanical vibrations of infrasonic, sonic, or ultrasonic frequency
    • B06B1/02—Methods or apparatus for generating mechanical vibrations of infrasonic, sonic, or ultrasonic frequency making use of electrical energy
    • B06B1/04—Methods or apparatus for generating mechanical vibrations of infrasonic, sonic, or ultrasonic frequency making use of electrical energy operating with electromagnetism
    • B06B1/045—Methods or apparatus for generating mechanical vibrations of infrasonic, sonic, or ultrasonic frequency making use of electrical energy operating with electromagnetism using vibrating magnet, armature or coil system
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F15—FLUID-PRESSURE ACTUATORS; HYDRAULICS OR PNEUMATICS IN GENERAL
    • F15B—SYSTEMS ACTING BY MEANS OF FLUIDS IN GENERAL; FLUID-PRESSURE ACTUATORS, e.g. SERVOMOTORS; DETAILS OF FLUID-PRESSURE SYSTEMS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F15B21/00—Common features of fluid actuator systems; Fluid-pressure actuator systems or details thereof, not covered by any other group of this subclass
    • F15B21/12—Fluid oscillators or pulse generators

Definitions

  • the present invention refers to an apparatus for generally displacing items that are laid down onto a collecting tray or into a collecting container, by imparting a vibratory motion to said tray or container in a generally horizontal or inclined direction, wherein this apparatus will be generally and conventionally referred to as a scrap ejector in the description that follows hereinbelow.
  • scrap ejectors are known in the art; for instance, a scrap ejector is known from the disclosure in the Italian patent application No. PN2001A000087 , which makes use of an improved and balanced type of connection of a pneumatic motor to a container so as to impart a vibratory motion to said container.
  • PN2001A000087 makes use of an improved and balanced type of connection of a pneumatic motor to a container so as to impart a vibratory motion to said container.
  • no indication is given in said patent as far as the type and mode of operation of said pneumatic motor are concerned.
  • auxiliary piston moving crosswise, i.e. transversally relative to the main pistons is driven via a cam system based on a rubbing action, and this fact is largely known to be the cause of not only a quite rapid wear-down, but also a power loss, due to a greater usage of force, that unavoidably leads to slowed-down operating rates.
  • AU 514731 is a vibrating apparatus based on a reciprocation motion which makes use of suitably pressure adjusting gas fluids and elastic springs; even if its operation may be in a certain amount compared to the previously cited prior art, it is here stressed that said apparatus requires not one, but two different inlet ports (16, 16') which are fed by a central supply pipe and requires two corresponding outlet ports and (19, 19').
  • valve 36 made and working as a sealed piston, in the long run may wear down and therefore deteriorate its sealing property.
  • a scrap ejector according to the prior art comprises a pneumatic motor 1, a rod 2 that is driven into an axial motion by said motor and is connected to a drive plate 6, which is in turn connected to a sliding plate or, more simply, slide 3 that carries the pan or container (not shown) onto or into which the items to be removed are collected.
  • Said drive plate 6 may be firmly joined, by means of two tie rods 41 and 42, to a second drive plate 7 separated from the first one, so as to enlarge the resting base for the slide 3.
  • said pneumatic motor 1 comprises an outer body 4, from an aperture of which said rod 2 is able to come out.
  • a first cylindrical cavity 5 which is in communication with said aperture 8 and, furthermore, accommodates a first piston 9 connected with a face 10 thereof to the inward end portion of said rod 2.
  • a second cylindrical cavity 11 which is arranged so as to connect said first cavity 5 with the exterior of said outer body 4 on the opposite side of the aperture 8.
  • a second piston 12 adapted to slidably displace therein in a substantially sealed, i.e. fluid-tight manner, except for the cases that will be described further hereinbelow, so that said second piston substantially behaves as a shutter as regards its own cavity 11.
  • first and second cavities and therefore the pistons 9 and 12 associated thereto, are such that the first cavity 5 has a cross-section area B that is larger than the cross-section area A of the second cavity 11, as this is illustrated schematically in Figures 3 and 4 .
  • a first manner is to provide a single annular groove 14 in the outer surface of the piston 12, so that said two distinct6 grooves can be considered as being simple sub-portions of said single annular groove 14, as this is symbolically illustrated in Figure 5 ; or between said two physically and actually separated grooves 14 and 15 there is provided a through-conduit 19 that connects them to each other in a permanent manner, as this is best illustrated in Figure 6 .
  • first conduit 20 connects the chamber of the first cavity 5, as also comprised between said two pistons 9, 12, with a first port 21 provided in the surface of said second cavity 11;
  • second conduit 22 connects a source of compressed gas 23, usually compressed air, with a second port 24, which is also provided in the outer surface of the same second cavity;
  • third conduit 25 connects the outside withy a third port 26 that is again provided in the surface of said second cavity 11.
  • first two ports 21 and 24 are so positioned and spaced from each other as to enable the second piston 12 can move into both:
  • the drive plate 6 is rigidly connected to the second plate 7, which is so sized and arranged, relative to the second piston 12, as to ensure that, when said rod 2 is pushed outwards, the second plate 7 pushes in turn the outer portion of said second piston 12 towards the interior of the outer body 4, owing to said rod 2, said first plate 6, said tie rods 41, 42 and said second plate 7 being appropriately linked together.
  • the first piston 9 stops moving, thereby putting an end to the first stroke distance thereof.
  • an elastic spring 30, which is suitably provided in the remaining portion (not comprised between the pistons) of the first cavity, and which is no longer contrasted by the pressure acting upon the first piston at this point, starts urging the latter into moving in the opposite direction.
  • Fourth setting ( Figure 9 ): said first piston continues moving in the opposite direction, until the face 33 thereof comes into abutting against the face 34 of the second piston, thereby pushing it inwards, i.e. towards the interior of the respective cavity thereof, while the second conduit 22 continues to be plugged.
  • the motion of the whole apparatus is substantially due to the reciprocating movement of the first piston, which is alternately exposed to a pneumatic force on a side and an opposite force (the spring 30) on the other side, thereby behaving like a double-acting piston.
  • the cavity 45 - instead of being partially occupied by the spring 30 - is allowed to communicate, via a suitable channel 47, with a source of compressed gas (not shown), so that the elastic countering action of the elastic spring 30 is in this case replaced with the pressure exerted by said compressed gas against the opposing face 10 of the first piston lying therebehind.
  • a source of compressed gas not shown
  • the advantage of such solution lies in the elimination of the spring 30, along with the largely known drawbacks connected therewith.
  • the spiral spring 30 is replaced by the pneumatic force acting upon the face 10 of the first piston, thereby providing a gas spring of a conventional kind.
  • a check valve 49 is fitted in said conduit 48 to prevent the pressure in the cavity 45 from being released, in particular in the transient phase between the third and the fourth setting.
  • the pressure acting on the side 10 of the first piston 9 will under no circumstance be sufficient, i.e. rise to a value enabling it to overcome the force being exerted upon the piston 9 by the pressure acting against the opposite face 33, since, while the pressures on the two faces are the same, the surface area of the face 10 is clearly smaller than the surface area of the face 33, due to the presence of the rod 2, on which no pressure is in fact exerted.
  • a small spacing member 32 having an appropriately reduced diameter, preferably either on the face 33 of the first piston or the face 34 of the second piston 12.
  • said second conduit 22 and/or said third conduit 25 are provided with appropriate flow control valves 50, 51, which are adapted to be operated selectively so as to be able to deliver a flow of gas at such pressure and rate as to bring about differing velocities in accordance with the actual operating needs ( Figure 12 ).
  • the asymmetry in the operation of the scrap ejector may of course be ensured through a number of different means, and combinations thereof, i.e. by selecting and calibrating in an appropriate manner - as all those skilled in the art are anyway fully capable of doing - said elastic spring 30, the ratio of the cross-section area of the rod 2 to the cross-section area of the first piston 9, the adjustment or setting of either one or both said valves 50, 51 in the respective second conduit 22 and third conduit 25 thereof, as the case may be.
  • conduits 47 and 48 delivering compressed gas into the cavity 45 are fully eliminated, while providing the same cavity 45 in a fluid-tight construction, possibly pre-loaded with an initial bias pressure of such a value as to cause the first piston 9 to move back against the second piston 12 as soon as the third conduit 25 is put in connection, i.e. is set into communicating with the portion of said first cavity 5 comprised between the two pistons.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Electromagnetism (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Analytical Chemistry (AREA)
  • Fluid Mechanics (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Jet Pumps And Other Pumps (AREA)
  • Fluid-Pressure Circuits (AREA)
  • Physical Vapour Deposition (AREA)

Claims (10)

  1. Ejecteur de déchets, comprenant :
    - un moteur pneumatique (1) entraînant une tige (2) dans un mouvement de va-et-vient axial,
    - une ou plusieurs plaques d'entraînement (6, 7) attachées à ladite tige (2) ou adaptées pour se déplacer conjointement avec celle-ci,
    - une plaque de type glissière (3) qui est fermement fixée à ladite ou auxdites plaque(s) d'entraînement,
    - un corps extérieur (4) qui est équipé à l'intérieur d'une première cavité cylindrique (5), dans laquelle est logée une portion de ladite tige, et
    - une ouverture (8), qui relie ladite première cavité (5) avec l'extérieur, et à travers laquelle ladite tige (2) est apte à passer en coulissant,
    - un premier piston (9), qui est agencé pour coulisser de manière étanche à l'intérieure de ladite cavité, et qui est relié, par une face (10) de celui-ci, avec la portion d'extrémité de ladite tige (2) qui est tournée vers l'intérieur,
    caractérisé en ce que ledit moteur pneumatique comprend :
    - une seconde cavité cylindrique (11) qui est prévue dans ledit corps extérieur (4) sur le côté opposé de ladite ouverture (8), et qui est configurée pour mettre ladite première cavité en communication avec l'extérieur ou une source de gaz (23),
    - dans lequel la surface de ladite seconde cavité (11), au niveau de l'intersection de couplage commune (s) dans ladite première cavité, a une aire (A) qui est plus petite que l'aire (B) de la surface de ladite première cavité (5) au niveau de la même intersection de couplage commune (s),
    - un second piston (12) qui est au moins partiellement logé dans ladite seconde cavité cylindrique (11), et qui est adapté pour aller et venir en coulissant à l'intérieur d'une telle cavité, ledit second piston étant physiquement distinct dudit premier piston (9),
    - dans lequel le premier piston est configuré pour pousser le second piston dans une première position et pour amener la ou les plaque(s) d'entrainement à pousser le second piston dans une seconde position, et, sur deux portions distinctes et différentes de la surface cylindrique de celui-ci, ledit second piston est équipé de deux rainures respectives (14, 15), qui sont agencées de telle sorte à être aptes à communiquer l'une avec l'autre (19) quelque soit la position du second piston à l'intérieur de ladite seconde cavité.
  2. Ejecteur de déchets selon la revendication 1, caractérisé en ce que, dans ledit corps extérieur (4), il est prévu :
    - un premier conduit (20) qui relie la chambre étant essentiellement définie entre ladite première cavité (5)
    - et ledit premier piston (9),
    - et ledit second piston (12),
    avec un premier orifice (21) dans la paroi cylindrique de ladite seconde cavité (11),
    - un second conduit (22) qui relie la source de gaz (23) à une pression pouvant être commandée sélectivement avec un second orifice (24) dans la paroi cylindrique de ladite seconde cavité,
    - et un troisième conduit (25) qui relie l'extérieur avec un troisième orifice (26) dans la paroi cylindrique de ladite seconde cavité, dans lequel ledit premier orifice (21) de ladite seconde cavité est situé dans une position qui est plus proche dudit premier piston que la position dudit second orifice (24).
  3. Ejecteur de déchets selon la revendication 2, caractérisé en ce que ledit second piston, lesdites rainures respectives de celui-ci et lesdits trois conduits sont positionnés et dimensionnés de telle sorte à permettre que ledit second piston se déplace dans:
    - la première position, dans laquelle ledit premier conduit (20) est mis en communication avec ledit second conduit (22) via une première (14) desdites rainures, et l'orifice (26) dudit troisième conduit (25) est fermé par la surface cylindrique extérieure dudit second piston (12),
    - la seconde position, dans laquelle ledit premier conduit (20) reste connecté avec ladite première rainure (14), et l'orifice (24) dudit second conduit est fermé par la surface cylindrique extérieure dudit second piston (12), et ledit troisième conduit (25) est mis en communication avec la deuxième (15) desdites deux rainures (14, 15).
  4. Ejecteur de déchets selon la revendication 3, caractérisé en ce que lesdites plaques d'entrainement (6, 7) sont adaptées pour se déplacer dans quatre dispositions distinctes, et lesdits deux pistons (9, 12) sont adaptés pour se déplacer dans lesdites positions respectives, dans lequel :
    - dans la première disposition (Figure 2), ledit premier piston est essentiellement en contact avec ledit second piston, qui est dans la première position précédente respective,
    - dans la deuxième disposition (Figure 7), lesdites plaques d'entrainement sont déplacées de sorte que ledit premier piston est déplacé dans la position la plus éloignée dudit second piston qui reste dans la position précédente,
    - dans la troisième disposition (Figure 8), lesdites plaques sont déplacées davantage dans la direction précédente ce qui provoque le déplacement dudit second piston dans la seconde position de celui-ci,
    - dans la quatrième disposition (Figure 9), lesdites plaques (6, 7) sont retournées dans une position dans laquelle ledit premier piston est de nouveau en contact avec ledit second piston qui reste dans la seconde position précédente de celui-ci.
  5. Ejecteur de déchets selon l'une quelconque des revendications précédentes, caractérisé en ce que dans la portion de ladite première cavité (5) recevant ladite tige (2) est agencé un ressort élastique (30) qui est adapté pour agir contre ledit premier piston (9).
  6. Ejecteur de déchets selon l'une quelconque des revendications 1 à 5, caractérisé en ce que la portion (45) de ladite cavité (5) recevant ladite tige (2) est équipée d'une construction étanche et est maintenue à une pression adéquate de sorte que ladite portion (45) et ledit premier piston (9) se comportent comme un ressort pneumatique l'un par rapport à l'autre.
  7. Ejecteur de déchets selon l'une quelconque des revendications 1 à 4, caractérisé en ce que la portion (45) de ladite première cavité (5) recevant ladite tige (2) est reliée à un canal d'alimentation adapté (47) relié à une source de gaz comprimé.
  8. Ejecteur de déchets selon la revendication 7, caractérisé en ce que ledit canal d'alimentation est un canal de connexion (48) entre ladite première cavité contenant la tige et ledit second conduit (22) relié à ladite source de gaz (23) sous pression pouvant être commandée, une vanne de vérification (49) adaptée étant de préférence ajustée dans ledit canal de connexion (48).
  9. Ejecteur de déchets selon l'une quelconque des revendications précédentes, caractérisé en ce que entre ledit premier et ledit second piston (9, 12) est prévu un élément d'espacement (32) qui est adapté pour empêcher les surfaces respectives mutuellement opposées desdits pistons de venir en contact l'une avec l'autre, ledit élément d'espacement étant fermement attaché ou prévu intégralement soit sur la face (33) dudit premier piston (9), soit sur la face opposée (34) dudit second piston (12).
  10. Ejecteur de déchets selon l'une quelconque des revendications 2 à 9, caractérisé en ce que dans ledit second conduit (22) et/ou ledit troisième conduit (25) sont prévus des moyens de commande de flux (51, 52) respectifs pouvant être ajustés sélectivement.
EP20050110686 2004-11-25 2005-11-14 Appareil à vibrations pour l'éjection d'objets Active EP1661629B1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
ITPN20040020 ITPN20040020U1 (it) 2004-11-25 2004-11-25 Dispositivo vibratorio per evacuare articoli

Publications (3)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP1661629A2 EP1661629A2 (fr) 2006-05-31
EP1661629A3 EP1661629A3 (fr) 2011-08-03
EP1661629B1 true EP1661629B1 (fr) 2012-07-04

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Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP20050110686 Active EP1661629B1 (fr) 2004-11-25 2005-11-14 Appareil à vibrations pour l'éjection d'objets

Country Status (3)

Country Link
EP (1) EP1661629B1 (fr)
ES (1) ES2391736T3 (fr)
IT (1) ITPN20040020U1 (fr)

Families Citing this family (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN101537577B (zh) * 2009-04-24 2011-12-14 中国地质大学（武汉） 一种应用于振动切削的电控液击激振方法及装置
CN101758016B (zh) * 2010-02-11 2011-12-14 北京国电富通科技发展有限责任公司 一种激振器
IT202100030968A1 (it) * 2021-12-09 2023-06-09 Bordignon S R L Motore pneumatico e trasportatore di oggetti, in particolare per evacuare sfridi

Family Cites Families (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4031812A (en) * 1974-03-08 1977-06-28 Nikolai Vasilievich Koshelev Hydraulic vibrator for actuator drive
BE850812R (fr) * 1976-06-24 1977-05-16 Ingersoll Rand Co Dispositifs d'actionnement hydrauliques
AU514731B2 (en) * 1977-12-02 1981-02-26 Bron Dan Reciprocating actuator
DE3689822T2 (de) * 1986-01-22 1994-11-24 Leroy A Johnson Asymmetrisch beschleunigter Vibrator zur Materialförderung.
US6318235B1 (en) * 1999-06-04 2001-11-20 Poclain Hydraulics Industrie Hydraulic motor cylinder-capacity selector for avoiding jarring when switching from one cylinder capacity to another
ITPN20010087A1 (it) * 2001-12-14 2003-06-16 Romeo Bordignon Evacuatore di sfridi

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
EP1661629A2 (fr) 2006-05-31
ES2391736T3 (es) 2012-11-29
ITPN20040020U1 (it) 2005-02-25
EP1661629A3 (fr) 2011-08-03

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