EP1650434B1 - Compresseur à pistons multi-étages ayant un gain en puissance réduit à vide - Google Patents

Compresseur à pistons multi-étages ayant un gain en puissance réduit à vide Download PDF

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Publication number
EP1650434B1
EP1650434B1 EP05022666A EP05022666A EP1650434B1 EP 1650434 B1 EP1650434 B1 EP 1650434B1 EP 05022666 A EP05022666 A EP 05022666A EP 05022666 A EP05022666 A EP 05022666A EP 1650434 B1 EP1650434 B1 EP 1650434B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
compressor
stage
valve chamber
valve
piston type
Prior art date
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Active
Application number
EP05022666A
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German (de)
English (en)
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EP1650434A2 (fr
EP1650434A3 (fr
EP1650434B2 (fr
Inventor
Jörg Nickl
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Voith Patent GmbH
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Voith Patent GmbH
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Publication date
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Publication of EP1650434A2 publication Critical patent/EP1650434A2/fr
Publication of EP1650434A3 publication Critical patent/EP1650434A3/fr
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Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F04—POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
    • F04B—POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS
    • F04B49/00—Control, e.g. of pump delivery, or pump pressure of, or safety measures for, machines, pumps, or pumping installations, not otherwise provided for, or of interest apart from, groups F04B1/00 - F04B47/00
    • F04B49/08—Regulating by delivery pressure
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F04—POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
    • F04B—POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS
    • F04B25/00—Multi-stage pumps
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F04—POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
    • F04B—POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS
    • F04B25/00—Multi-stage pumps
    • F04B25/005—Multi-stage pumps with two cylinders
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F04—POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
    • F04B—POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS
    • F04B39/00—Component parts, details, or accessories, of pumps or pumping systems specially adapted for elastic fluids, not otherwise provided for in, or of interest apart from, groups F04B25/00 - F04B37/00
    • F04B39/08—Actuation of distribution members
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F04—POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
    • F04B—POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS
    • F04B49/00—Control, e.g. of pump delivery, or pump pressure of, or safety measures for, machines, pumps, or pumping installations, not otherwise provided for, or of interest apart from, groups F04B1/00 - F04B47/00
    • F04B49/02—Stopping, starting, unloading or idling control
    • F04B49/03—Stopping, starting, unloading or idling control by means of valves
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F04—POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
    • F04B—POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS
    • F04B49/00—Control, e.g. of pump delivery, or pump pressure of, or safety measures for, machines, pumps, or pumping installations, not otherwise provided for, or of interest apart from, groups F04B1/00 - F04B47/00
    • F04B49/22—Control, e.g. of pump delivery, or pump pressure of, or safety measures for, machines, pumps, or pumping installations, not otherwise provided for, or of interest apart from, groups F04B1/00 - F04B47/00 by means of valves
    • F04B49/225—Control, e.g. of pump delivery, or pump pressure of, or safety measures for, machines, pumps, or pumping installations, not otherwise provided for, or of interest apart from, groups F04B1/00 - F04B47/00 by means of valves with throttling valves or valves varying the pump inlet opening or the outlet opening
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F04—POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
    • F04B—POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS
    • F04B2205/00—Fluid parameters
    • F04B2205/07—Pressure difference over the pump

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a multi-stage piston compressor with reduced power consumption in the absence of back pressure (idle).
  • Piston compressors are used for the compression of gases, usually air, which is to be used as a working medium for the operation of various aggregates.
  • gases usually air
  • Such compressors operate e.g. to a compressed air tank, i.
  • the compressed air tank is filled with compressed air until a specifiable pressure level is reached.
  • a control valve disposed between the compressor and the air reservoir opens, so that the air supplied from the compressor escapes.
  • the compressor itself often can not be switched off because it is e.g. is fixedly coupled to the vehicle engine.
  • Knorr Brakes Power Reduction System
  • WABCO ESS System, Energy Saving System
  • a multistage reciprocating compressor for compressing compressible media having at least one upstream compressor stage and at least one downstream compressor stage, each compressor stage including at least one piston guided in a cylinder space, an inlet valve chamber connected to the cylinder space through an intake valve, and one with the cylinder space through an exhaust valve having connected outlet valve chamber.
  • the object of the present invention is to provide a multi-stage compressor of the type described, which has a lower power consumption in the absence of back pressure .DELTA.p than known multi-stage and single-stage compressor.
  • the multistage reciprocating compressor for compressing compressible media comprises at least one upstream and at least one downstream compressor stage, each compressor stage having at least one piston guided in a cylinder chamber and one inlet valve chamber connected to the cylinder chamber through an inlet valve and one with the cylinder chamber characterized in that at least one upstream compressor stage, the inlet valve chamber is connected by at least one additional valve to the cylinder chamber, which is in an open position in the idle state and moves to a closed position when the differential pressure ⁇ p between the outlet valve chamber of the most downstream compressor stage and the inlet valve chamber of the upstream compressor stage exceeds a predetermined value.
  • the medium to be compressed enters the first compressor stage at a pressure p.
  • This first compressor stage is arranged upstream of all subsequent compressor stages.
  • the medium is compressed and fed to the next compressor stage where it is further compressed, etc.
  • the invention Exceeds the differential pressure Ap between the input and the output of the multi-stage compressor, a predetermined value, the invention provided additional valve from the open position, in which it is in the rest position, moved to a closed position, so that the medium in this upstream compressor stage is compressed, ie that equipped with the additional valve, upstream of the last compressor stage arranged compressor stage operates.
  • the filling of the pressure vessel is stopped by opening the overflow valve so that the medium can escape.
  • the differential pressure ⁇ p between the input and the output of the multi-stage compressor decreases to a value close to zero.
  • the additional valve according to the invention moves back into the open position, so that the medium is not compressed within the compressor stage equipped with the additional valve, ie that the equipped with the additional valve, upstream of the last compressor stage arranged compressor stage is idle.
  • the outlet valve chamber of the compressor stage located furthest downstream is connected to the additional valve provided in the inlet valve chamber of at least one upstream compressor stage through a pipeline.
  • the one or more auxiliary valves can be actuated, for example, magnetically, electrically, etc.
  • a pneumatic actuation of the auxiliary valve (s) by the medium to be compressed itself is a pneumatic actuation of the auxiliary valve (s) by the medium to be compressed itself.
  • the outlet valve chamber of the last compressor stage is connected to the additional valve arranged in the inlet valve chamber of the upstream compressor stage or compressor stages.
  • This embodiment has the advantage that the valve is actuated by the differential pressure ⁇ p without the interposition of complicated control or regulating devices.
  • the compressor according to the invention can be produced inexpensively, is self-regulating and maintenance-free.
  • the outlet valve chamber of the compressor stage located furthest downstream is connected to the additional valves arranged in the inlet valve chambers of a plurality of upstream compressor stages by a branching pipeline.
  • a spring is provided, which holds the additional valve in the idle state and at a differential pressure Ap, which is below the predetermined value, in the open position or moves from the closed position to the open position.
  • the provision of the additional valve in the open position could again be done magnetically, electrically or in another suitable manner.
  • actuators or special structural designs of the additional valve would be required.
  • the provision of the additional valve by a spring is mechanically simpler to implement and cheaper to produce.
  • the spring is a leaf spring with an end running as a fork, which engages in a designated groove of the additional valve.
  • Another advantageous solution is the use of a coil spring, in which the additional valve is inserted. Further constructive embodiments using one or more springs are possible without departing from the spirit of the invention.
  • a heat exchanger for cooling the compressible medium is provided between at least two compressor stages.
  • the automatic control of the arranged between the respective cylinder chambers and their associated inlet valve chambers additional valve which can be done according to a described embodiment of the invention by the back pressure of the pipe (differential pressure Ap), allows automatic switching of the respective compressor stages between working (medium is compressed) and idle (Medium is not compressed). The fact is taken into account that to ensure the operation of the additional valves or the last compressor stage itself must not be "leaking" on such an additional valve idle.
  • the differential pressure ⁇ p required to actuate the additional valve.
  • This differential pressure ⁇ p acts via a pipeline to the additional valve. If the differential pressure ⁇ p reaches a predetermined value, the pressure force on the auxiliary valve exceeds the associated spring force of the spring, whereby the additional valve closes and the lower, i. upstream stages begin to work.
  • This system has the advantage over similar systems for single-stage compressors, to get along directly with the pressure level at the compressor outlet for controlling such a valve. There are no additional signalers, control devices or similar needed.
  • the system automatically detects when no air delivery is required. It works safely and is immune to interference.
  • the system is simple in construction and therefore inexpensive to produce.
  • the multi-stage piston compressor for compressing compressible media has two compressor stages 1,2.
  • Each compressor stage 1, 2 consists of a piston (not shown) guided in a cylinder chamber 11,21 and an inlet valve chamber 13,23 connected to the cylinder chamber 11,21 through an inlet valve 12,22 and one with the cylinder chamber 11,21 Outlet valve 14,24 connected outlet valve chamber 15,25.
  • the upstream of the last compressor stage 2 arranged compressor stage 1 has an additional valve 16, through which the inlet valve chamber 13 is connected to the cylinder chamber 11.
  • the outlet valve chamber 25 of the last compressor stage 2 which is thus arranged furthest downstream, is connected to the additional valve 16 arranged in the inlet valve chamber 13 of the first compressor stage 1, which is arranged upstream, through a pipeline 3.
  • a spring 18 is provided, the auxiliary valve 16 in the idle state and at a differential pressure Ap between the inlet and the outlet of the multi-stage compressor, which is below a predetermined value, in the Holds opening position or moved from the closed position to the open position.
  • the predetermined value of the differential pressure is proportional to the spring rate of the spring 18 in this embodiment.
  • the spring 18 is a leaf spring with an end running as a fork. The forked end of the leaf spring 18 engages in a designated groove 17 of the additional valve 16 a.
  • a heat exchanger 4 is provided for cooling the compressible medium.
  • the additional valve 16 is shown in Fig. 1 in the closed position.
  • the container to be filled (not shown) does not have the desired internal pressure. Therefore, the spill valve (not shown) is closed and the multi-stage compressor operates against the internal pressure of the closed system.
  • the differential pressure ⁇ p between the exhaust valve chamber 25 of the compressor stage 2 located furthest downstream and the inlet valve chamber 13 of the upstream compressor stage 1 has exceeded the predetermined value. This differential pressure is applied through the pipe 3 to the additional valve 16 and is sufficient to move the auxiliary valve 16 against the force of the spring 18 in the closed position. As a result, there is no permanent connection between the inlet valve chamber 13 and the cylinder chamber 11 of the first compressor stage 1 and the medium is compressed in the first compressor stage 1.
  • the additional valve 16 is shown in the open position.
  • the container to be filled (not shown) has reached the desired internal pressure. Therefore, the spill valve (not shown) is opened and the multi-stage compressor does not work against the internal pressure of the closed system.
  • the differential pressure Ap between the outlet valve chamber 25 of the most downstream compressor stage 2 and the inlet valve chamber 13 of the upstream compressor stage 1 is approximately zero, that is, the differential pressure .DELTA.p has fallen below the predetermined value.
  • the force of the spring 18 moves the additional valve 16 back into the open position.

Claims (6)

  1. Compresseur à pistons multi-étagés pour comprimer des fluides compressibles, comprenant au moins un étage de compression amont et un étage de compression aval (1, 2), chacun de ces étages (1, 2) possédant au moins un piston guidé dans une chambre de cylindre (11, 21) ainsi qu'une chambre de soupape d'entrée (13, 23) reliée à la chambre de cylindre (11, 21) par une soupape d'entrée (12, 22) et une chambre de soupape de sortie (15, 25) reliée à la chambre de cylindre (11, 21) par une soupape de sortie (14, 24),
    caractérisé en ce que
    sur au moins un étage de compression amont (1), la chambre de soupape d'entrée (13) est reliée à la chambre de cylindre (11) par au moins une soupape additionnelle (16) qui en position de repos se trouve en position d'ouverture et qui se déplace en position de fermeture quand la différence de pression Δp entre la chambre de soupape de sortie (25) de l'étage de compression (2) situé le plus loin en aval et la chambre de soupape d'entrée (13) de l'étage de compression amont (1), dépasse une valeur prédéfinie.
  2. Compresseur à pistons multi-étagés selon la revendication 1,
    caractérisé en ce que
    la chambre de soupape de sortie (25) de l'étage de compression (2) situé le plus loin en aval est reliée par une conduite tubulaire (3) à la soupape additionnelle (16) installée dans la chambre de soupape d'entrée (13), d'au moins un étage de compression amont (1).
  3. Compresseur à pistons multi-étages selon la revendication 1 ou 2,
    caractérisé en ce que
    la chambre de soupape de sortie (25) de l'étage de compression (2) situé le plus loin en aval, est reliée par une conduite tubulaire (3) se ramifiant, aux soupapes additionnelles (16) disposées dans les chambres de soupapes d'entrée (13) de plusieurs étages de compression amont (1).
  4. Compresseur à pistons multi-étages selon une des revendications 1 à 3,
    caractérisé en ce qu'
    un ressort (18) à l'état de repos maintient en position d'ouverture la soupape additionnelle (16) ou la fait passer de la position de fermeture à la position d'ouverture quand la différence de pression Δp est inférieure à une valeur prédéfinie.
  5. Compresseur à pistons multi-étages selon la revendication 4,
    caractérisé en ce que
    le ressort (18) est un ressort à lame dont l'extrémité a la forme d'une fourche engagée dans une rainure (17) prévue pour cela dans la soupape additionnelle (16).
  6. Compresseur à pistons multi-étages selon une des revendications 1 à 5,
    caractérisé en ce qu'
    un échangeur thermique (4) pour refroidir le fluide compressible est prévu entre au moins deux étages de compression (1, 2).
EP05022666.1A 2004-10-19 2005-10-18 Compresseur à pistons multi-étages ayant un gain en puissance réduit à vide Active EP1650434B2 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE102004051097 2004-10-19

Publications (4)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP1650434A2 EP1650434A2 (fr) 2006-04-26
EP1650434A3 EP1650434A3 (fr) 2007-01-03
EP1650434B1 true EP1650434B1 (fr) 2008-01-23
EP1650434B2 EP1650434B2 (fr) 2016-04-13

Family

ID=35457119

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP05022666.1A Active EP1650434B2 (fr) 2004-10-19 2005-10-18 Compresseur à pistons multi-étages ayant un gain en puissance réduit à vide

Country Status (3)

Country Link
EP (1) EP1650434B2 (fr)
AT (1) ATE384871T1 (fr)
DE (1) DE502005002636D1 (fr)

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE102013001147A1 (de) 2013-01-24 2014-07-24 Voith Patent Gmbh Mehrstufiger Kolbenverdichter

Families Citing this family (8)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE102007006641A1 (de) 2007-02-06 2008-08-07 Voith Patent Gmbh Kurbeltrieb für einen Kolbenverdichter
DE102007037687B3 (de) * 2007-08-09 2008-09-25 Voith Patent Gmbh Lenkhelfpumpenantrieb
DE102009053133A1 (de) * 2009-11-05 2011-05-12 Voith Patent Gmbh Kolbenverdichter mit Leerlaufventil
DE102011050714A1 (de) * 2011-05-30 2012-12-06 Continental Reifen Deutschland Gmbh Kompressoreinheit
DE102012108576A1 (de) 2012-09-13 2014-03-13 Knorr-Bremse Systeme für Schienenfahrzeuge GmbH Mehrstufiger Kolbenverdichter mit Leerlaufventilen zur Erzeugung einer Leerlauffunktion
DE102014202265A1 (de) 2014-02-07 2015-08-13 Voith Patent Gmbh Verdichter für ein Druckluftsystem insbesondere eines Kraftfahrzeugs
DE102019119944A1 (de) * 2019-07-24 2021-01-28 Voith Patent Gmbh Ventilvorrichtung für einen Hubkolbenverdichter
DE102021104789A1 (de) 2021-03-01 2022-09-01 Voith Patent Gmbh Luftpressereinheit

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Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE102013001147A1 (de) 2013-01-24 2014-07-24 Voith Patent Gmbh Mehrstufiger Kolbenverdichter
WO2014114659A1 (fr) 2013-01-24 2014-07-31 Voith Patent Gmbh Compresseur à pistons à plusieurs étages

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
EP1650434A2 (fr) 2006-04-26
DE502005002636D1 (de) 2008-03-13
ATE384871T1 (de) 2008-02-15
EP1650434A3 (fr) 2007-01-03
EP1650434B2 (fr) 2016-04-13

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