Classifications

• • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
  • B27—WORKING OR PRESERVING WOOD OR SIMILAR MATERIAL; NAILING OR STAPLING MACHINES IN GENERAL
  • B27B—SAWS FOR WOOD OR SIMILAR MATERIAL; COMPONENTS OR ACCESSORIES THEREFOR
  • B27B31/00—Arrangements for conveying, loading, turning, adjusting, or discharging the log or timber, specially designed for saw mills or sawing machines
  • B27B31/06—Adjusting equipment, e.g. using optical projection
• • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
  • B27—WORKING OR PRESERVING WOOD OR SIMILAR MATERIAL; NAILING OR STAPLING MACHINES IN GENERAL
  • B27B—SAWS FOR WOOD OR SIMILAR MATERIAL; COMPONENTS OR ACCESSORIES THEREFOR
  • B27B1/00—Methods for subdividing trunks or logs essentially involving sawing
  • B27B1/007—Methods for subdividing trunks or logs essentially involving sawing taking into account geometric properties of the trunks or logs to be sawn, e.g. curvature

Definitions

• the invention relates to a method for the dismantling of conical tree trunks having a cone angle into wood products, in which a tree trunk is flattened laterally and the model produced thereby is centered and finally cut up by sawing.
• the invention further relates to a device for cutting conical tree trunks having a cone angle into wood products, with a first station for flattening a tree trunk laterally, with a second station for centering the model produced by flattening, and with a third station for sawing the model ,
• a method and a device of the aforementioned type are known, for example from DE 32 44 393.
• a conical tree trunk which has a curved longitudinal axis, is first brought into a lying position in which the plane of curvature of the tree trunk lies vertically.
• the thicker end of the tree trunk is then passed over a chipper, which engages the tree trunk from the underside and creates a straight surface on the underside.
• the tree trunk then passes through a chipper station with two chipper heads on the side, which flatten the tree trunk on both sides.
• the tree trunk is conveyed in a strictly straight line, which means that its longitudinal axis is aligned parallel to the conveying direction. As a result, areas of approximately the same size and shape are machined on both sides of the conical tree trunk.
• the depth of the machining intervention is determined so that it corresponds to the width of the tree trunk at the thin end.
• a model is therefore left behind the chipping station, which is flattened from below and from both sides in such a way that the width of the model is constant from the front end to the rear end of the model.
• This model is then fed to a centering station, which centers the model and feeds it to a sawing station.
• the sawing station consists of two circular saws that separate side boards on the side.
• a method for processing curved logs is known.
• a tree trunk is conveyed with the thin end ahead, the plane of curvature of the tree trunk being horizontal.
• the tree trunk is brought up on a roller conveyor and scanned by means of buttons on the side, so that data about the shape of the tree trunk can be recorded depending on its length.
• This data is used to control a chipper station arranged downstream of the roller conveyor and a band saw station arranged downstream of the chipper station in such a way that the laterally acting chipper heads and the band saw blades running vertically through the wood are adjusted in the lateral direction in such a way that boards are taken from the curved tree trunk optimal yield are sawn out.
• the disadvantage of this known method is that a high level of expenditure on equipment is required in order to continuously record the shape of the tree trunk on the roller conveyor and that complicated control loops, including corresponding actuators, must be present in order to move both the chipper heads and the band saws in the lateral direction to adjust.
• the invention is based on the object of developing a method and a device of the type mentioned in such a way that the disadvantages mentioned above are avoided.
• this object is achieved according to the invention in that the tree trunk, which may have already been pre-processed, is flattened parallel to a surface line when it is flattened, thereby creating a lateral guide surface for subsequent centering, which is inclined to the longitudinal axis of the tree trunk by half the cone angle and that the model is sawn in a direction parallel to the lateral guide surface.
• first means are provided to flatten the tree trunk parallel to a surface line when it is flattened, thereby creating a lateral guide surface for subsequent centering, which is at half the cone angle to the longitudinal axis of the tree trunk and second means for sawing the model in a direction parallel to the lateral guide surface.
• the object underlying the invention is completely achieved in this way.
• a guide surface parallel to the surface line and the subsequent sawing in a direction parallel to the guide surface, it is possible in the region of this guide surface to produce a side board or other wood product that runs along the entire length of the tree trunk.
• This is of considerable economic importance because long wood products have a disproportionately higher value than short wood products.
• it is not necessary to go so deep into the tree trunk when flattening sideways that the model produced in this way is as wide as the tree trunk at the thinner end over its entire length.
• the lateral depth of penetration when flattened can be so small that a lateral surface is created, the height of which is just as large as, for example, the width of a tradable wooden strip or a narrow wooden board.
• the model is guided on a fixed guide when centering with the guide surface.
• This fixed guide preferably has first rollers.
• This measure has the advantage that stable guidance along the sawing direction is already available in this way stands and the model can enter the subsequent sawing station immediately after centering.
• the fixed guide is opposed by a spatially movable guide for a surface of the model opposite the lateral guide surface.
• This measure is advantageous for safe, bilateral guidance, because the spatially movable guidance also enables the model to be guided securely on the opposite side or pressed against the stationary guidance, the spatially movable guidance being able to follow the areas, which have a variable or a constant distance from the conveying direction and thus from the fixed guide.
• the spatially movable guide has two rollers, each of which is provided with an adjusting device for an adjusting direction perpendicular to the sawing direction.
• the tree trunk is flattened before the lateral flattening on the top and on the bottom, for which purpose third means are provided.
• the invention is particularly suitable for tree trunks that have a curved center line.
• the tree trunk is provided with a curved guide surface on a concave side, which runs at a right angle to the plane of curvature of the tree trunk.
• side boards are first separated from the model during sawing, and preferably in the third station already mentioned.
• the model can be divided by circular saws or by band saws. Furthermore, it is alternatively possible to flatten the tree trunk laterally by machining or by sawing off.
• Figure 1 is an extremely schematic plan view of a device for cutting conical tree trunks.
• Fig. 2 is an illustration, similar to Figure 1, but for an embodiment of the invention.
• 3A to 3C an enlarged representation of a straight or a curved tree trunk, as they are processed on the device according to FIG. 2.
• 10 denotes an overall processing line for cutting conical tree trunks.
• a tree trunk 12 is conveyed through the processing line 10 along a conveying direction 11.
• the tree trunk 12 may have been pre-processed, that is to say it may initially have been provided with a flattened upper side and also a correspondingly flattened lower side, as is generally known.
• the tree trunk 12 is now preferably conveyed forward with its thinner end 14, the longitudinal axis 15 being aligned parallel to the conveying direction 11.
• the tree trunk 12 has a diameter d at the thinner end 14 and a diameter D at the rear, thick end.
• the tree trunk 12 can also be conveyed ahead with the thicker end (the so-called “stick”).
• the tree trunk 12 is now fed to a chipper station 16, which can consist of two chipper heads arranged on the side or of two saws arranged on the side.
• the chipper station 16 flattens the tree trunk 12 laterally, so that a model 17 is produced in which lateral regions 18a, 18b are removed and lateral guide surfaces 20a, 20b are created instead.
• the chipper heads are set so that the model 17 has a diameter d x in the rear area that is larger than the diameter d of the thinner end 14 of the tree trunk 12. Consequently, the lateral regions 18a, 18b and the lateral guide surfaces 20a, 20b do not run over the entire length of the model 17, but end at a distance from the thinner end 14, which tapers further conically.
• the model 17 now arrives in a centering station 22, which consists of two roller conveyors 24a, 24b arranged at a distance d x .
• the model 17 initially runs with its non-machined section in the area of the thinner end 14 into the centering station 22, so that no centering effect takes place initially because the diameter of the model 17 in this unprocessed section is smaller than the distance between the Roller conveyors 24a, 24b. Only when the model 17 comes into engagement with the roller guides 24a, 24b of the centering station 22 with the lateral guide surfaces 20a, 20b does an exact centering take place.
• the model 17 now runs through a circular saw 26, which can alternatively also be a band saw.
• the circular saw 26 produces saw cuts 27a, 27b at a distance from one another which corresponds to the distance d j _ minus twice the width of the side boards 28a, 28b to be produced.
• a main item 30 then remains in the middle of the model 17 and can optionally be further divided into bars or boards.
• the side boards 28a, 28b produced at the end each have a length l x which is significantly shorter than the total length L x of the model 17 and thus of the tree trunk 12.
• FIG. 2 and in FIGS. 3A to 3C a further processing line 40 is now shown or the tree trunks processed thereon are illustrated.
• a tree trunk 42 is conveyed and processed in a conveying direction 41.
• the tree trunk 42 has a cone angle ⁇ .
• the tree trunk 42 is conveyed in the processing line 40 in such a way that a lateral surface line 43 of the tree trunk 42 is conveyed parallel to the conveying direction 41.
• the tree trunk 42 is preferably fed to the processing stations with the thinner end 44 in front, the tree trunk 42 also being flattened beforehand on the upper and lower sides in FIG. 2, as indicated by reference number 49. It also applies here that a direction of conveyance of the tree trunk 42 with the thicker end ahead is also within the scope of the invention.
• the longitudinal axis 45 of the tree trunk 42 is thus inclined to the conveying direction 41, namely by half the cone angle ⁇ / 2.
• the tree trunk 12 is fed to a chipper station 46 or a sawing station, so that a model 47 is produced in which lateral areas 48a, 48b have been cut or sawn off.
• the lateral regions 48a, 48b are not the same in the procedure according to FIG. 2. Rather, the side region 48b on the right in the conveying direction extends over the entire length of the model 47, while the region 48a on the left in the conveying direction is substantially shorter in the longitudinal direction, but is wider for this.
• the removal or sawing off of the lateral areas 48a, 48b results in lateral guide surfaces 50a, 50b, the lateral guide surface 50b extending over the entire length of the model 47, while the lateral guide surface 50a is not. With a conveying direction with the thicker end ahead, the guide surfaces 50a, 50b are immediately available when the model 47 enters subsequent stations.
• the model 47 now arrives in a centering station 52, which in turn has a roller conveyor 54a on the left in the conveying direction and a right roller conveyor 54b.
• a roller conveyor 54a on the left in the conveying direction
• a right roller conveyor 54b In contrast to the arrangement according to FIG. 1, only the right roller table 54b is fixed in space in the centering station 52, while the left roller table 54a consists of individual rollers which can be individually adjusted laterally by means of an associated adjusting device 55.
• the first roller of the roller table 54a touches the front end of the inclined lateral guide surface 50a 'and runs up there until the straight lateral guide surface 50a is reached is.
• the subsequent rollers follow this movement, so that the model 47 is guided on its left side in the conveying direction by all rollers of the roller conveyor 54a and is pressed against the fixed roller conveyor 54b, regardless of whether the rollers of the movable roller conveyor 54a on the lateral guide surface 50a ' with changing width or on the lateral guide surface 50a with constant width.
• the model 47 is inserted into the circular saw 56, bearing against the fixed guidance of the roller table 54b, the lateral guide surface 50b on the right in the conveying direction being aligned parallel to the conveying direction 41.
• the side boards 58a, 58b have a width of 1 2 and L 2 , where 1 2 is somewhat shorter than for 1 1 if the conditions are otherwise the same. Nevertheless, the bundle produced in the procedure according to FIG. 2 from a long side board 58b with the length L 2 and a short side board 58a with a length 1 2 has a higher economic value than the bundle produced with the procedure according to FIG. 1 with two short side boards 28a, 28b of the same length 1 :.
• FIG. 3A The conditions during the processing and cutting of the tree trunk 42 are again shown in principle in FIG. 3A in a front view and in FIG. 3B in a plan view.
• 3C additionally shows the case of a tree trunk 42 'with a curved longitudinal axis 45'. It can be seen that the conditions are in principle the same as in the case of FIGS. 3A and 3B with an idealized tree trunk 42 with a straight longitudinal axis 45. With a curved tree trunk 42 ', it is only necessary to ensure that the longer lateral guide surface 50b 1 is attached in the convex region of the curvature.

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• Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
• Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
• Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
• Wood Science & Technology (AREA)
• Forests & Forestry (AREA)
• Steroid Compounds (AREA)
• Debarking, Splitting, And Disintegration Of Timber (AREA)
• Placing Or Removing Of Piles Or Sheet Piles, Or Accessories Thereof (AREA)

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• 2003
  • 2003-07-28 DE DE10335384A patent/DE10335384A1/de not_active Ceased
• 2004
  • 2004-05-19 DE DE502004002394T patent/DE502004002394D1/de not_active Expired - Fee Related
  • 2004-05-19 AT AT04733809T patent/ATE348695T1/de not_active IP Right Cessation
  • 2004-05-19 EP EP04733809A patent/EP1648668B8/fr not_active Expired - Lifetime
  • 2004-05-19 WO PCT/EP2004/005402 patent/WO2005021225A1/fr active IP Right Grant

Non-Patent Citations (3)

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