EP1638675A1 - Dispersing device - Google Patents

Dispersing device

Info

Publication number
EP1638675A1
EP1638675A1 EP04730991A EP04730991A EP1638675A1 EP 1638675 A1 EP1638675 A1 EP 1638675A1 EP 04730991 A EP04730991 A EP 04730991A EP 04730991 A EP04730991 A EP 04730991A EP 1638675 A1 EP1638675 A1 EP 1638675A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
nozzles
nozzle
inlet
outlet
range
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Granted
Application number
EP04730991A
Other languages
German (de)
French (fr)
Other versions
EP1638675B1 (en
Inventor
Marko Buchholz
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
EKATO Process Technologies GmbH
Original Assignee
EKATO Process Technologies GmbH
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by EKATO Process Technologies GmbH filed Critical EKATO Process Technologies GmbH
Publication of EP1638675A1 publication Critical patent/EP1638675A1/en
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP1638675B1 publication Critical patent/EP1638675B1/en
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

Links

Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01F—MIXING, e.g. DISSOLVING, EMULSIFYING OR DISPERSING
    • B01F25/00—Flow mixers; Mixers for falling materials, e.g. solid particles
    • B01F25/105—Mixing heads, i.e. compact mixing units or modules, using mixing valves for feeding and mixing at least two components
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01F—MIXING, e.g. DISSOLVING, EMULSIFYING OR DISPERSING
    • B01F25/00—Flow mixers; Mixers for falling materials, e.g. solid particles
    • B01F25/20—Jet mixers, i.e. mixers using high-speed fluid streams
    • B01F25/23—Mixing by intersecting jets
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01F—MIXING, e.g. DISSOLVING, EMULSIFYING OR DISPERSING
    • B01F25/00—Flow mixers; Mixers for falling materials, e.g. solid particles
    • B01F25/20—Jet mixers, i.e. mixers using high-speed fluid streams
    • B01F25/27—Mixing by jetting components into a conduit for agitating its contents
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01F—MIXING, e.g. DISSOLVING, EMULSIFYING OR DISPERSING
    • B01F2215/00—Auxiliary or complementary information in relation with mixing
    • B01F2215/04—Technical information in relation with mixing
    • B01F2215/0413—Numerical information
    • B01F2215/0418—Geometrical information
    • B01F2215/0422—Numerical values of angles
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01F—MIXING, e.g. DISSOLVING, EMULSIFYING OR DISPERSING
    • B01F2215/00—Auxiliary or complementary information in relation with mixing
    • B01F2215/04—Technical information in relation with mixing
    • B01F2215/0413—Numerical information
    • B01F2215/0418—Geometrical information
    • B01F2215/0431—Numerical size values, e.g. diameter of a hole or conduit, area, volume, length, width, or ratios thereof
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01F—MIXING, e.g. DISSOLVING, EMULSIFYING OR DISPERSING
    • B01F2215/00—Auxiliary or complementary information in relation with mixing
    • B01F2215/04—Technical information in relation with mixing
    • B01F2215/0413—Numerical information
    • B01F2215/0436—Operational information
    • B01F2215/0468—Numerical pressure values
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T137/00—Fluid handling
    • Y10T137/8593—Systems
    • Y10T137/87249—Multiple inlet with multiple outlet

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a dispersing device, in particular for dispersing, homogenizing and mixing fluids
  • Multi-component systems as well as for dispersing, homogenizing, mixing and micronizing solids.
  • Dispersing devices of this type are usually used in conjunction with high-pressure homogenizers.
  • the invention aims to provide a dispersing device of the generic type in which the effectiveness in dispersing, homogenizing, mixing or micronizing is improved compared to previously known devices of this type.
  • a dispersing device is equipped with at least one pair of inlet nozzles and one pair of outlet nozzles.
  • the diameter or slot width of the outlet nozzles is preferably always larger than the diameter or slot width of the inlet nozzles.
  • the diameter or the slot width of the inlet nozzles is expediently in the range from approximately 0.1 to 5.0 mm, and preferably in the range from approximately 0.2 to 0.6 mm.
  • the diameter or the slot width of the outlet nozzles is expediently in the range from approximately 0.1 to 10.0 mm, and preferably in the range from approximately 0.2 to 2 mm.
  • both the inlet nozzles and the outlet nozzles can each be arranged in an ideal case in a range of approximately 10 ° to 350 ° relative to one another, an ideal case in the range of approximately 45 ° to 315 ° being suitable, and an angle a of essentially 180 ° is preferred.
  • the interior of the nozzle body can be circular, rectangular or elliptical in cross section.
  • Each of the inlet nozzles and the outlet nozzles is expediently provided with a nozzle holder in which the actual nozzle is received.
  • the nozzle holder is preferably equipped with a conical inlet and / or a conical outlet.
  • the bore of the nozzle can be circular, elliptical or rectangular.
  • the inlet nozzles of a pair of nozzles can be arranged offset parallel to one another.
  • the inlet nozzles can be arranged pivoted at an angle ⁇ to the longitudinal central axis of the dispersing device, such that the central axis of the respective inlet nozzle runs eccentrically to the center of the dispersing device.
  • the angle ⁇ can be in the range from about 0 ° to 80 ° with respect to the longitudinal central axis of the dispersing device.
  • the nozzles are preferably made of a particularly wear-resistant material, such as sapphire, diamond, silicon carbide or ceramic.
  • a particularly wear-resistant material such as sapphire, diamond, silicon carbide or ceramic.
  • FIG. 5 and 6 schematically show examples of the installation of the inlet nozzles in the nozzle body.
  • the dispersing device 10 comprises a nozzle body 12, preferably made of stainless steel, with a square or rectangular cross section. However, as shown in FIG. 3, the cross section can also be circular.
  • inlet nozzles generally designated 14, and two outlet nozzles, generally designated 16 are inserted into the nozzle body 12.
  • the nozzles 14, 16 are connected to a central interior 20 via corresponding bores 18.
  • the interior 20 can have a circular, square, rectangular or elliptical cross section.
  • the inlet nozzles 14 and the outlet nozzles 16 are always designed in pairs, at least one pair of inlet nozzles 14 and one pair of outlet nozzles 16 being provided. However, an odd number of inlet nozzles and outlet nozzles, for example 3, 5 or 7, can also be provided. As FIG.
  • each of the inlet nozzles and the outlet nozzles 14, 16 comprises a nozzle head 22 which, provided with an external thread and is screwed into a threaded bore 42 formed in the nozzle body 12.
  • Each nozzle head 22 is provided with a longitudinal bore 24 for the supply or discharge of the substances to be treated.
  • a nozzle holder 26 is arranged, which is connected to the nozzle head 22 at the outlet nozzles 16, for example by means of corresponding threads.
  • the nozzle holder 26 is inserted into the respective bore 18 by means of a short cylindrical collar to be described with reference to FIG. 2.
  • Each of the threaded holes 42 is like. shown, provided with a pressure relief bore 28.
  • Figure 2 shows schematically in section the nozzle holder 26, in which a nozzle 30 is received.
  • the direction of flow through the nozzle 30 is the same for the inlet nozzles as for the outlet nozzles and is shown by the arrow P in FIG.
  • the nozzle holder 26 is provided with an inlet 32 to the nozzle 30 and an outlet 34 from the nozzle 30 as well as a longitudinal bore 36 running through the entire nozzle holder 26.
  • the cross section of the inlet 32 and the cross section of the outlet 34 is preferably conical, but can also be cylindrical.
  • the conical design of inlet 32 and outlet 34 leads to a reduction in the flow loss in the inlet and outlet of the nozzles.
  • the conical outlet at the inlet nozzles 14 causes a forced expansion of the fluid jet, which has a positive effect on the development of turbulence in the nozzle body 12.
  • the cross section of the nozzle 30 can be circular, slit-shaped or rectangular, the diameter or the slot width in the inlet nozzle 14/30 being in the range from approximately 0.1 to 5 mm, and preferably in the range from 0.2 to 0.6 mm lies. In the case of slot-shaped or rectangular nozzles, these dimensions refer to the smaller value, ie to the slot width or slot height.
  • the length of the slit-shaped or rectangular nozzle 30 can range from 1 to about 50 mm.
  • the diameter or the slot width is in the range from approximately 0.1 to 10.0 mm, and preferably in the range from approximately 0.2 to 2 mm.
  • these dimensions refer to the smaller value for the slot-shaped or rectangular nozzle, i.e. to the slot width or slot height.
  • the length of the slit-shaped or rectangular nozzle is, for example, in the range from 1 to about 50 mm.
  • the diameter or the slot width or generally the nozzle cross section is always larger in the outlet nozzle 30/16 than in the inlet nozzle 30/14.
  • the diameter or the slot width of the outlet nozzle 30/16 is selected such that approximately 1 to less than 50% of the total pressure drop occurs via the outlet of the medium from the dispersing device.
  • the nozzle holder 26 has a cylindrical collar 44 at its end facing away from the nozzle 30, which, as shown in FIGS. 1 and 4, is inserted into the bores 18 at the inlet nozzles 14, while it is inserted at the outlet nozzles 16 is accommodated in the nozzle head 22.
  • the nozzle 30 is made of a wear-resistant material such as sapphire, diamond, silicon carbide or ceramic or similar materials.
  • the nozzle body 12 can, as for example in the embodiment according to FIG. 1, have a square cross section or, as in the embodiment according to FIG. 3, a circular cross section. In this latter embodiment, the inlet nozzles 14 and the outlet nozzles 16 are introduced into the nozzle body 12 in a circle.
  • the nozzle body 12 is only shown schematically, furthermore only the nozzle holders 26 of the inlet nozzles 14 are shown.
  • the angle a between the central axes of the two inlet nozzles 14 can be in the range from approximately 10 ° to 350 °, advantageously in the range from approximately 45 ° to 315 °, and is preferably 180 °.
  • the corresponding angle between the central axes of the two outlet nozzles 16 can also be in a range from approximately 10 ° to 350 °, advantageously in a range from approximately 45 ° to 315 °, and is preferably 180 °.
  • the incoming fluid jets meet directly.
  • the impulse of the jets abolishes very quickly, the time period for the abolition of the impulse of the impinging fluid jets being primarily dependent on the flow rate.
  • This in turn is closely related to the pressure drop and the substance properties of the substances to be treated.
  • the dimensions of the nozzles 30 are chosen such that less than 50% of the total pressure drop takes place in the outlet nozzles. This allows the extent and location of cavitation phenomena to be controlled.
  • the total pressure drop across the nozzle system is above 10 bar and preferably above 100 bar.
  • the angle a between the two is Inlet nozzles 14 180 °, and the corresponding angle between the two outlet nozzles 16 is also 180 °.
  • FIG. 5 shows an embodiment in which the angle between the two outlet nozzles 16 is 180 °, while the angle a between the two inlet nozzles 14 is less than 180 °.
  • the longitudinal central axes 40 of the two inlet nozzles 14 are offset parallel to one another, with the result that the fluid jets flow past one another in a targeted manner.
  • intensive mixing is achieved in the boundary region of the two fluid jets, the extent of this mixing being controllable depending on the size of the parallel displacement of the two inlet nozzles. In heterogeneous systems, this can lead to a targeted bi- or multi-modality in the size distribution of the disperse phase.
  • FIG. 3 Another possibility of not allowing the fluid jets to meet directly at the inlet nozzles 14 is shown schematically in FIG. 3.
  • the lower inlet nozzle 26/14 in FIG. 3 can be pivoted through an angle ⁇ .
  • the central axis of the swiveled inlet nozzle 26/14 is designated.
  • the pivot point is not the center M of the nozzle body 12, but a point S which is given by the point of intersection of the longitudinal central axis 38 with the wall of the interior 20.
  • the fluid jets from this inlet nozzle 14 pivoted in this manner are therefore not directly on the center M of the nozzle body 12 directed.
  • the fluid jets coming from the two inlet nozzles 14 therefore flow past one another in a targeted manner with the consequences already described above.
  • the angle ⁇ can be in the range from approximately 0 ° to +/- 80 °.
  • FIGS. 4a and 4b and also FIGS. 5 and 6 schematically show flow patterns of the substances to be treated in the interior 20 of the nozzle body 12.
  • the pressure drop across the outlet nozzle and the resultant flow rate which is associated with turbulent fluctuations movements described above, provide primarily for interfaces that newly formed can be wetted by 'emulsifying aids, and thus leads to a stabilization of the product.
  • the substances to be treated in the device according to the invention are preferably emulsions of at least two mutually insoluble liquids, foams with at least one gaseous and at least one liquid component and suspensions in which at least one solid component is formulated in a fluid system.

Landscapes

  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Nozzles (AREA)
  • Mixers Of The Rotary Stirring Type (AREA)

Abstract

A dispersing device for dispersing, homogenizing and mixing fluidic multi-component systems and for dispersing, homogenizing, mixing and micronizing solids includes a nozzle body, two inlet nozzle assemblies and two outlet nozzle assemblies which are received in the nozzle body. These nozzle assemblies are connected to a central inner space of the nozzle body via corresponding bores. The inner space can have a circular, quadratic, rectangular or elliptical cross-section. The inlet nozzle assemblies and the outlet nozzle assemblies are provided in pairs, whereby at least one pair of inlet nozzle assemblies and one pair of outlet nozzle assemblies are provided, although an odd number of inlet nozzle assemblies and outlet nozzle assemblies can also be provided, e.g. 3, 5 or 7.

Description

Dispergiervorrichtung disperser
Beschreibungdescription
Die Erfindung betrifft eine Dispergiervorrichtung, insbesondere zum Dispergieren, Homogenisieren und Mischen von fluidenThe invention relates to a dispersing device, in particular for dispersing, homogenizing and mixing fluids
Mehrkomponentensystemen sowie zum Dispergieren, Homogenisieren, Mischen und Mikronisieren von Feststoffen.Multi-component systems as well as for dispersing, homogenizing, mixing and micronizing solids.
Dispergiervorrichtungen dieser Art werden gewöhnlich in Verbindung mit Hochdruckhomogenisatoren eingesetzt.Dispersing devices of this type are usually used in conjunction with high-pressure homogenizers.
Die Erfindung zielt darauf ab, eine Dispergiervorrichtung der gattungsgemäßen Art bereitzustellen, bei der gegenüber bisher bekannten Vorrichtungen dieser Art die Effektivität beim Dispergieren, Homogenisieren, Mischen oder Mikronisieren verbessert ist.The invention aims to provide a dispersing device of the generic type in which the effectiveness in dispersing, homogenizing, mixing or micronizing is improved compared to previously known devices of this type.
Nach der Erfindung wird hierzu eine Dispergiervorrichtung mit wenigstens einem Paar Eintrittsdüsen und einem Paar Austrittsdüsen ausgerüstet.For this purpose, according to the invention, a dispersing device is equipped with at least one pair of inlet nozzles and one pair of outlet nozzles.
Vorzugsweise ist hierbei der Durchmesser bzw. die Schlitzweite der Austrittsdüsen stets größer als der Durchmesser bzw. die Schlitzweite der Eintrittsdüsen.The diameter or slot width of the outlet nozzles is preferably always larger than the diameter or slot width of the inlet nozzles.
Zweckmäßigerweise liegt der Durchmesser bzw. die Schlitzweite der Eintrittsdüsen im Bereich von etwa 0,1 bis 5,0 mm, und vorzugsweise im Bereich von etwa 0,2 bis 0,6 mm. Der Durchmesser bzw. die Schlitzbreite der Austrittsdüsen liegt zweckmäßigerweise im Bereich von etwa 0,1 bis 10,0 mm, und vorzugsweise im Bereich von etwa 0,2 bis 2 mm.The diameter or the slot width of the inlet nozzles is expediently in the range from approximately 0.1 to 5.0 mm, and preferably in the range from approximately 0.2 to 0.6 mm. The diameter or the slot width of the outlet nozzles is expediently in the range from approximately 0.1 to 10.0 mm, and preferably in the range from approximately 0.2 to 2 mm.
Vorteilhafterweise können sowohl die Eintrittsdüsen als auch die Austrittsdüsen jeweils in einem Idealfall in einem Bereich von etwa 10° bis 350° relativ zueinander angeordnet sein, wobei ein Idealfall im Bereich von etwa 45° bis 315° geeignet ist, und ein Winkel a von im wesentlichen 180° bevorzugt wird.Advantageously, both the inlet nozzles and the outlet nozzles can each be arranged in an ideal case in a range of approximately 10 ° to 350 ° relative to one another, an ideal case in the range of approximately 45 ° to 315 ° being suitable, and an angle a of essentially 180 ° is preferred.
Der Innenraum des Düsenkörpers kann im Querschnitt kreisförmig, rechteckig oder elliptisch ausgebildet sein. Jede der Eintrittsdüsen und der Austrittsdüsen ist zweckmäßigerweise mit einem Düsenhalter versehen, in welchem die eigentliche Düse aufgenommen ist.The interior of the nozzle body can be circular, rectangular or elliptical in cross section. Each of the inlet nozzles and the outlet nozzles is expediently provided with a nozzle holder in which the actual nozzle is received.
Der Düsenhalter ist vorzugsweise mit einem konischen Zulauf und/oder einem konischen Auslauf ausgestattet.The nozzle holder is preferably equipped with a conical inlet and / or a conical outlet.
Die Bohrung der Düse kann kreisrund, elliptisch oder rechteckig ausgebildet sein.The bore of the nozzle can be circular, elliptical or rectangular.
Nach einer Weiterbildung der Erfindung können die Eintrittsdüsen eines Düsenpaares parallel versetzt zueinander angeordnet sein.According to a development of the invention, the inlet nozzles of a pair of nozzles can be arranged offset parallel to one another.
Ferner können die Eintrittsdüsen in einem Winkel ß geschwenkt zur Längsmittelachse der Dispergiervorrichtung angeordnet sein, derart, dass die Mittelachse der jeweiligen Eintrittsdüse exzentrisch zum Mittelpunkt der Dispergiervorrichtung verläuft.Furthermore, the inlet nozzles can be arranged pivoted at an angle β to the longitudinal central axis of the dispersing device, such that the central axis of the respective inlet nozzle runs eccentrically to the center of the dispersing device.
Der Winkel ß kann bezogen auf die Längsmittelachse der Dispergiervorrichtung im Bereich von etwa 0° bis 80° liegen. Vorzugsweise bestehen die Düsen aus einem besonders verschleißfesten Material, wie zum Beispiel Saphir, Diamant, Siliziumkarbid oder Keramik. Beispielsweise Ausführungsformen der Erfindung werden nachfolgend an Hand der Zeichnung erläutert. Es zeigen:The angle β can be in the range from about 0 ° to 80 ° with respect to the longitudinal central axis of the dispersing device. The nozzles are preferably made of a particularly wear-resistant material, such as sapphire, diamond, silicon carbide or ceramic. For example, embodiments of the invention are explained below with reference to the drawing. Show it:
Fig. 1 einen Querschnitt der erfindungsgemäßen Dispergiervorrichtung,1 shows a cross section of the dispersing device according to the invention,
Fig. 2 im Schnitt eine Düse mit ihrer Halterung,2 in section a nozzle with its holder,
Fig. 3 schematisch die Anordnung der Düsen im Winkel zueinander,3 schematically shows the arrangement of the nozzles at an angle to one another,
Fig. 4a und 4b Beispiele für den Strömungsverlauf im Innenraum der Dispergiervorrichtung, und4a and 4b examples of the flow pattern in the interior of the dispersing device, and
Fig. 5 und 6 schematisch Beispiele für den Einbau der Eintrittsdüsen in den Düsenkörper.5 and 6 schematically show examples of the installation of the inlet nozzles in the nozzle body.
Die Dispergiervorrichtung 10 nach Figur 1 umfaßt einen Düsenkörper 12, vorzugsweise aus Edelstahl, mit quadratischem oder rechteckigem Querschnitt. Der Querschnitt kann aber auch, wie in Figur 3 dargestellt, kreisförmig ausgebildet sein.The dispersing device 10 according to FIG. 1 comprises a nozzle body 12, preferably made of stainless steel, with a square or rectangular cross section. However, as shown in FIG. 3, the cross section can also be circular.
In den Düsenkörper 12 sind, wie Figur 1 zeigt, zwei Eintrittsdüsen, allgemein mit 14 bezeichnet, und zwei Austrittsdüsen, allgemein mit 16 bezeichnet, eingesetzt. Die Düsen 14, 16 stehen über entsprechende Bohrungen 18 mit einem zentralen Innenraum 20 in Verbindung. Der Innenraum 20 kann einen kreisförmigen, quadratischen, rechteckigen oder elliptischen Querschnitt aufweisen. Die Einlassdüsen 14 und die Auslassdüsen 16 sind stets paarweise ausgebildet, wobei mindestens ein Paar Einlassdüsen 14 und ein Paar Auslassdüsen 16 vorgesehen sind. Es kann aber auch eine ungerade Zahl von Einlassdüsen und Auslassdüsen, z.B. 3, 5 oder 7, vorgesehen werden. Wie insbesondere Figur 4a zeigt, umfaßt jede der Einlassdüsen und der Auslassdüsen 14, 16 einem Düsenkopf 22, der, mit Außengewinde versehen und, in eine im Düsenkörper 12 ausgebildete Gewindebohrung 42 eingeschraubt ist. Jeder Düsenkopf 22 ist mit einer Längsbohrung 24 versehen für die Zufuhr bzw. Abfuhr der zu behandelnden Stoffe.1, two inlet nozzles, generally designated 14, and two outlet nozzles, generally designated 16, are inserted into the nozzle body 12. The nozzles 14, 16 are connected to a central interior 20 via corresponding bores 18. The interior 20 can have a circular, square, rectangular or elliptical cross section. The inlet nozzles 14 and the outlet nozzles 16 are always designed in pairs, at least one pair of inlet nozzles 14 and one pair of outlet nozzles 16 being provided. However, an odd number of inlet nozzles and outlet nozzles, for example 3, 5 or 7, can also be provided. As FIG. 4 a shows in particular, each of the inlet nozzles and the outlet nozzles 14, 16 comprises a nozzle head 22 which, provided with an external thread and is screwed into a threaded bore 42 formed in the nozzle body 12. Each nozzle head 22 is provided with a longitudinal bore 24 for the supply or discharge of the substances to be treated.
Zwischen dem inneren Ende jedes Düsenkopfes 22 und der zugehörigen zum Innenraum 20 führenden Bohrung 18 ist ein Düsenhalter 26 angeordnet, der bei den Austrittsdüsen 16 mit dem Düsenkopf 22 zum Beispiel über entsprechende Gewinde verbunden ist. Bei den Eintrittsdüsen 14 ist der Düsenhalter 26 mittels eines kurzen an Hand von Figur 2 noch zu beschreibenden zylindrischen Bundes in die jeweilige Bohrung 18 eingesetzt.Between the inner end of each nozzle head 22 and the associated bore 18 leading to the interior 20, a nozzle holder 26 is arranged, which is connected to the nozzle head 22 at the outlet nozzles 16, for example by means of corresponding threads. At the inlet nozzles 14, the nozzle holder 26 is inserted into the respective bore 18 by means of a short cylindrical collar to be described with reference to FIG. 2.
Jede der Gewindebohrungen 42 ist, wie . dargestellt, mit einer Druckentlastungsbohrung 28 versehen.Each of the threaded holes 42 is like. shown, provided with a pressure relief bore 28.
Figur 2 zeigt schematisch im Schnitt den Düsenhalter 26, in welchem eine Düse 30 aufgenommen ist. Die Durchflussrichtung durch die Düse 30 ist bei den Eintrittsdüsen wie bei den Austrittsdüsen dieselbe und durch den Pfeil P in Figur 2 gezeigt. Der Düsenhalter 26 ist mit einem Zulauf 32 zur Düse 30 und einem Ablauf 34 von der Düse 30 sowie einer den gesamten Düsenhalter 26 durchlaufenden Längsbohrung 36 versehen.Figure 2 shows schematically in section the nozzle holder 26, in which a nozzle 30 is received. The direction of flow through the nozzle 30 is the same for the inlet nozzles as for the outlet nozzles and is shown by the arrow P in FIG. The nozzle holder 26 is provided with an inlet 32 to the nozzle 30 and an outlet 34 from the nozzle 30 as well as a longitudinal bore 36 running through the entire nozzle holder 26.
Der Querschnitt des Zulaufes 32 und der Querschnitt des Ablaufes 34 ist vorzugsweise konisch ausgebildet, kann aber auch zylindrisch sein.The cross section of the inlet 32 and the cross section of the outlet 34 is preferably conical, but can also be cylindrical.
Die konische Ausbildung von Zulauf 32 und Ablauf 34 führt zu einer Reduzierung des Strömungsverlustes im Zu- und Auslauf der Düsen. Außerdem bewirkt der konische Auslaß bei den Eintrittsdüsen 14 eine Zwangsaufweitung des Fluidstrahles, die sich positiv auf die Turbulenzentwicklung im Düsenkörper 12 auswirkt. Die Düse 30 kann im Querschnitt kreisförmig, schlitzförmig oder rechteckig ausgebildet sein, wobei der Durchmesser bzw. die Schlitzweite bei der Eintrittsdüse 14/30 im Bereich von etwa 0,1 bis 5 mm, und vorzugsweise im Bereich von 0,2 bis 0,6 mm liegt. Bei schlitzförmigen oder rechteckigen Düsen beziehen sich diese Maßangaben auf den kleineren Wert, d.h. auf die Schlitzweite oder Schlitzhöhe. Die Länge der schlitzförmigen oder rechteckigen Düse 30 kann im Bereich von 1 bis etwa 50 mm liegen.The conical design of inlet 32 and outlet 34 leads to a reduction in the flow loss in the inlet and outlet of the nozzles. In addition, the conical outlet at the inlet nozzles 14 causes a forced expansion of the fluid jet, which has a positive effect on the development of turbulence in the nozzle body 12. The cross section of the nozzle 30 can be circular, slit-shaped or rectangular, the diameter or the slot width in the inlet nozzle 14/30 being in the range from approximately 0.1 to 5 mm, and preferably in the range from 0.2 to 0.6 mm lies. In the case of slot-shaped or rectangular nozzles, these dimensions refer to the smaller value, ie to the slot width or slot height. The length of the slit-shaped or rectangular nozzle 30 can range from 1 to about 50 mm.
Bei der Austrittsdüse 30/16 liegt der Durchmesser bzw. die Schlitzweite im Bereich von etwa 0,1 bis 10,0 mm, und vorzugsweise im Bereich von etwa 0,2 bis 2 mm. Auch hier beziehen sich diese Maßangaben bei der schlitzförmigen oder rechteckigen Düse auf den kleineren Wert, d.h. auf die Schlitzweite oder Schlitzhöhe. Die Länge der schlitzförmigen oder rechteckigen Düse liegt beispielsweise im Bereich von 1 bis etwa 50 mm.In the case of the outlet nozzle 30/16, the diameter or the slot width is in the range from approximately 0.1 to 10.0 mm, and preferably in the range from approximately 0.2 to 2 mm. Here, too, these dimensions refer to the smaller value for the slot-shaped or rectangular nozzle, i.e. to the slot width or slot height. The length of the slit-shaped or rectangular nozzle is, for example, in the range from 1 to about 50 mm.
Der Durchmesser bzw. die Schlitzweite oder allgemein der Düsenquerschnitt ist bei der Austrittsdüse 30/16 stets größer als bei der Eintrittsdüse 30/14. Hierbei wird der Durchmesser bzw. die Schlitzweite der Austrittsdüse 30/16 so gewählt, dass etwa 1 bis unter 50 % des Gesamtdruckabfalles über den Austritt des Mediums aus der Dispergiervorrichtung erfolgt.The diameter or the slot width or generally the nozzle cross section is always larger in the outlet nozzle 30/16 than in the inlet nozzle 30/14. Here, the diameter or the slot width of the outlet nozzle 30/16 is selected such that approximately 1 to less than 50% of the total pressure drop occurs via the outlet of the medium from the dispersing device.
Der Düsenhalter 26 hat, wie Figur 2 zeigt, an seinem von der Düse 30 abgewandten Ende einen zylindrischen Bund 44, der, wie die Figuren 1 und 4 zeigen, bei den Eintrittsdüsen 14 in die Bohrungen 18 eingesetzt ist, während er bei den Austrittsdüsen 16 im Düsenkopf 22 aufgenommen ist.As shown in FIG. 2, the nozzle holder 26 has a cylindrical collar 44 at its end facing away from the nozzle 30, which, as shown in FIGS. 1 and 4, is inserted into the bores 18 at the inlet nozzles 14, while it is inserted at the outlet nozzles 16 is accommodated in the nozzle head 22.
Die Düse 30 besteht aus einem verschleißfesten Material, wie zum Beispiel Saphir, Diamant, Siliziumkarbid oder Keramik oder auch ähnlichen Materialien.The nozzle 30 is made of a wear-resistant material such as sapphire, diamond, silicon carbide or ceramic or similar materials.
Der Düsenkörper 12 kann, wie zum Beispiel bei der Ausführungsform nach Figur 1 , einen quadratischen Querschnitt haben, oder aber wie bei der Ausführungsform nach Figur 3, einen Kreisquerschnitt. Bei dieser letzteren Ausführungsform sind die Eintrittsdüsen 14 und die Austrittsdüsen 16 auf einem Kreis in den Düsenkörper 12 eingebracht.The nozzle body 12 can, as for example in the embodiment according to FIG. 1, have a square cross section or, as in the embodiment according to FIG. 3, a circular cross section. In this latter embodiment, the inlet nozzles 14 and the outlet nozzles 16 are introduced into the nozzle body 12 in a circle.
(In Figur 3 ist der Düsenkörper 12 nur schematisch dargestellt, ferner sind nur die Düsenhalter 26 der Eintrittsdüsen 14 gezeigt.)(In FIG. 3, the nozzle body 12 is only shown schematically, furthermore only the nozzle holders 26 of the inlet nozzles 14 are shown.)
Der Winkel a zwischen den Mittelachsen der beiden Eintrittsdüsen 14 kann im Bereich von etwa 10° bis 350°, zweckmäßigerweise im Bereich von etwa 45° bis 315° liegen, und er beträgt vorzugsweise 180°.The angle a between the central axes of the two inlet nozzles 14 can be in the range from approximately 10 ° to 350 °, advantageously in the range from approximately 45 ° to 315 °, and is preferably 180 °.
Auch der entsprechende Winkel zwischen den Mittelachsen der beiden Austrittsdüsen 16 kann in einem Bereich von etwa 10° bis 350°, zweckmäßigerweise in einem Bereich von etwa 45° bis 315° liegen, und er beträgt vorzugsweise 180°.The corresponding angle between the central axes of the two outlet nozzles 16 can also be in a range from approximately 10 ° to 350 °, advantageously in a range from approximately 45 ° to 315 °, and is preferably 180 °.
In der bevorzugten Ausführungsform, also bei einem Winkel a = 180° zwischen den beiden Eintrittsdüsen 14 treffen die eintretenden Fluidstrahlen direkt aufeinander. Dies hat zur Folge, dass der Impuls der Strahlen sich sehr schnell aufhebt, wobei der Zeitraum für die Aufhebung des Impulses der aufeinander treffenden Fluidstrahlen in erster Linie von der Strömungsgeschwindigkeit abhängig ist. Diese wiederum steht in engem Zusammenhang mit dem Druckabfall und den Stoffeigenschaften der zu behandelnden Substanzen. Wie oben bereits erwähnt, werden die Abmessungen der Düsen 30 so gewählt, dass weniger als 50% des Gesamtdruckabfalles in den Austrittsdüsen erfolgt. Dadurch kann das Maß und der Ort von Kavitationserscheinungen kontrolliert werden. Der Gesamtdruckabfall über das Düsensystem liegt über 10 bar und vorzugsweise über 100 bar.In the preferred embodiment, ie at an angle a = 180 ° between the two inlet nozzles 14, the incoming fluid jets meet directly. The consequence of this is that the impulse of the jets abolishes very quickly, the time period for the abolition of the impulse of the impinging fluid jets being primarily dependent on the flow rate. This in turn is closely related to the pressure drop and the substance properties of the substances to be treated. As already mentioned above, the dimensions of the nozzles 30 are chosen such that less than 50% of the total pressure drop takes place in the outlet nozzles. This allows the extent and location of cavitation phenomena to be controlled. The total pressure drop across the nozzle system is above 10 bar and preferably above 100 bar.
Bei der Ausführungsform nach Figur 3, aber auch bei den Ausführungsformen nach den Figuren 1 und 4, beträgt der Winkel a zwischen den beiden Eintrittsdüsen 14 180°, und der entsprechende Winkel zwischen den beiden Austrittsdüsen 16 beträgt ebenfalls 180°.In the embodiment according to FIG. 3, but also in the embodiments according to FIGS. 1 and 4, the angle a between the two is Inlet nozzles 14 180 °, and the corresponding angle between the two outlet nozzles 16 is also 180 °.
In Figur 5 ist jedoch eine Ausführungsform dargestellt, bei der der Winkel zwischen den beiden Austrittsdüsen 16 180° beträgt, während der Winkel a zwischen den beiden Eintrittsdüsen 14 kleiner als 180° ist. Bei dieser Strömungsführung, bei der also die Fluidstrahlen in einem Winkel a kleiner als 180° aufeinander treffen, hebt sich der Impuls der Fluidstrahlen langsamer auf als bei a = 180°. Bei manchen Stoffsystemen (zum Beispiel bei einer langsameren Adsorptionsgeschwindigkeit des Emulgators) kann jedoch eine solche Anordnung zweckmäßig sein.5 shows an embodiment in which the angle between the two outlet nozzles 16 is 180 °, while the angle a between the two inlet nozzles 14 is less than 180 °. With this flow guidance, in which the fluid jets meet at an angle a smaller than 180 °, the momentum of the fluid jets is canceled more slowly than at a = 180 °. With some material systems (for example with a slower adsorption rate of the emulsifier), however, such an arrangement can be expedient.
Bei der Ausführungsform nach Figur 6 sind die Längsmittelachsen 40 der beiden Eintrittsdüsen 14 parallel zueinander versetzt, was zur Folge hat, dass die Fluidstrahlen gezielt aneinander vorbei strömen. Im Grenzbereich der beiden Fluidstrahlen wird jedoch eine intensive Durchmischung erreicht, wobei das Ausmaß dieser Durchmischung abhängig von der Größe der Parallelversetzung der beiden Eintrittsdüsen steuerbar ist. Dies kann bei heterogenen Systemen zu einer gezielten Bi- oder Mehrmodalität in der Größenverteilung der dispersen Phase führen.In the embodiment according to FIG. 6, the longitudinal central axes 40 of the two inlet nozzles 14 are offset parallel to one another, with the result that the fluid jets flow past one another in a targeted manner. However, intensive mixing is achieved in the boundary region of the two fluid jets, the extent of this mixing being controllable depending on the size of the parallel displacement of the two inlet nozzles. In heterogeneous systems, this can lead to a targeted bi- or multi-modality in the size distribution of the disperse phase.
Eine andere Möglichkeit, die Fluidstrahlen bei den Eintrittsdüsen 14 nicht direkt aufeinander treffen zu lassen, ist in Figur 3 schematisch dargestellt.Another possibility of not allowing the fluid jets to meet directly at the inlet nozzles 14 is shown schematically in FIG. 3.
Relativ zur Längsmittelachse 38 (oder Längsmittelebene) des Düsenkörpers 12 kann die in Figur 3 untere Eintrittsdüse 26/14 um einen Winkel ß geschwenkt werden. Mit 40 ist hierbei die Mittelachse der geschwenkten Eintrittsdüse 26/14 bezeichnet. Der Schwenkpunkt ist aber nicht der Mittelpunkt M des Düsenkörpers 12, sondern ein Punkt S, der gegeben ist durch den Schnittpunkt der Längsmittelachse 38 mit der Wand des Innenraumes 20. Die Fluidstrahlen aus dieser in dieser Weise geschwenkten Eintrittsdüse 14 sind daher nicht direkt auf den Mittelpunkt M des Düsenkörpers 12 zu gerichtet. Auch bei dieser Ausführungsform strömen daher die aus den beiden Eintrittsdüsen 14 kommenden Fluidstrahlen gezielt aneinander vorbei mit den bereits oben beschriebenen Folgen.Relative to the longitudinal central axis 38 (or longitudinal central plane) of the nozzle body 12, the lower inlet nozzle 26/14 in FIG. 3 can be pivoted through an angle β. With 40 the central axis of the swiveled inlet nozzle 26/14 is designated. However, the pivot point is not the center M of the nozzle body 12, but a point S which is given by the point of intersection of the longitudinal central axis 38 with the wall of the interior 20. The fluid jets from this inlet nozzle 14 pivoted in this manner are therefore not directly on the center M of the nozzle body 12 directed. In this embodiment as well, the fluid jets coming from the two inlet nozzles 14 therefore flow past one another in a targeted manner with the consequences already described above.
Bezogen auf die Längsmittelachse 38 kann der Winkel ß im Bereich von etwa 0° bis +/- 80° liegen.Relative to the longitudinal central axis 38, the angle β can be in the range from approximately 0 ° to +/- 80 °.
In den Figuren 4a und 4b und ebenso in den Figuren 5 und 6 sind schematisch Strömungsverläufe der zu behandelnden Stoffe im Innenraum 20 des Düsenkörpers 12 eingezeichnet.FIGS. 4a and 4b and also FIGS. 5 and 6 schematically show flow patterns of the substances to be treated in the interior 20 of the nozzle body 12.
Der oben beschriebene Druckabfall über der Austrittsdüse und die daraus resultierende Strömungsgeschwindigkeit, die mit turbulenten Schwankungsbewegungen behaftet ist, sorgen in erster Linie dafür, dass neu gebildete Grenzflächen von' Emulgierhilfsmitteln benetzt werden können, und führt somit zu einer Stabilisierung des Produktes.The pressure drop across the outlet nozzle and the resultant flow rate which is associated with turbulent fluctuations movements described above, provide primarily for interfaces that newly formed can be wetted by 'emulsifying aids, and thus leads to a stabilization of the product.
Die in der erfindungsgemäßen Vorrichtung zu behandelnden Stoffe sind vorzugsweise Emulsionen aus mindestens zwei ineinander nahezu unlöslichen Flüssigkeiten, Schäume mit mindestens einer gasförmigen und mindestens einer flüssigen Komponente sowie Suspensionen, bei denen mindestens eine Feststoffkomponente in einem fluiden System formuliert wird. The substances to be treated in the device according to the invention are preferably emulsions of at least two mutually insoluble liquids, foams with at least one gaseous and at least one liquid component and suspensions in which at least one solid component is formulated in a fluid system.

Claims

DispergiervorrichtungPatentansprüche DispergiervorrichtungPatentansprüche
1. Dispergiervorrichtung, insbesondere zum Dispergieren, Homogenisieren und Mischen von fluiden Mehrkomponentensystemen sowie zum Dispergieren, Homogenisieren, Mischen und Mikronisieren von Feststoffen, mit einem Düsenkörper, in den Eintritts- und Austrittsdüsen eingesetzt sind, die mit einem Innenraum des Düsenkörpers in Verbindung stehen, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass wenigstens ein Paar Eintrittsdüsen (14) und ein Paar Austrittsdüsen (16) vorgesehen sind.1. Dispersing device, in particular for dispersing, homogenizing and mixing fluid multicomponent systems and for dispersing, homogenizing, mixing and micronizing solids, with a nozzle body in which inlet and outlet nozzles are used which are connected to an interior of the nozzle body, thereby characterized in that at least one pair of inlet nozzles (14) and one pair of outlet nozzles (16) are provided.
2. Vorrichtung nach Anspruch 1 , dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass der Durchflussquerschnitt der Austrittsdüsen (16/30) größer ist als der Durchflussquerschnitt der Eintrittsdüsen (14/30).2. Device according to claim 1, characterized in that the flow cross section of the outlet nozzles (16/30) is larger than the flow cross section of the inlet nozzles (14/30).
3. Vorrichtung nach Anspruch 2, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Düse (30) einen runden, elliptischen oder rechteckigen Querschnitt aufweist.3. Device according to claim 2, characterized in that the nozzle (30) has a round, elliptical or rectangular cross section.
4. Vorrichtung nach Anspruch 3, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Eintrittsdüse (14/30) einen Durchmesser bzw. eine Schlitzweite im Bereich von etwa 0,1 bis 5,0 mm, insbesondere im Bereich von etwa 0,2 bis 0,6 mm aufweist. 4. The device according to claim 3, characterized in that the inlet nozzle (14/30) has a diameter or a slot width in the range of about 0.1 to 5.0 mm, in particular in the range of about 0.2 to 0.6 mm having.
5. Vorrichtung nach Anspruch 3, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Austrittsdüse (16/30) einen Durchmesser bzw. eine Schlitzweite im Bereich von etwa 0,1 bis 10,0 mm insbesondere im Bereich von etwa 0,2 bis 2 mm aufweist.5. The device according to claim 3, characterized in that the outlet nozzle (16/30) has a diameter or a slot width in the range of about 0.1 to 10.0 mm, in particular in the range of about 0.2 to 2 mm.
6. Vorrichtung nach einem der vorhergehenden Ansprüche, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass sowohl die Eintrittsdüsen (14) als auch die Austrittsdüsen (16) jeweils in einem Winkel (a) im Bereich von etwa 10° bis 350° relativ zueinander angeordnet sind.6. Device according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that both the inlet nozzles (14) and the outlet nozzles (16) are each arranged at an angle (a) in the range of approximately 10 ° to 350 ° relative to one another.
7. Vorrichtung nach Anspruch 6, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Eintrittsdüsen (14) und die Austrittsdüsen (16) jeweils in einem Winkel (a) im Bereich von etwa 45° bis 315° relativ zueinander angeordnet sind.7. The device according to claim 6, characterized in that the inlet nozzles (14) and the outlet nozzles (16) are each arranged at an angle (a) in the range of approximately 45 ° to 315 ° relative to one another.
8. Vorrichtung nach Anspruch 6, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Eintrittsdüsen (14) und die Austrittsdüsen (16) jeweils in einem Winkel (a) von 180° relativ zueinander angeordnet sind.8. The device according to claim 6, characterized in that the inlet nozzles (14) and the outlet nozzles (16) are each arranged at an angle (a) of 180 ° relative to one another.
9. Vorrichtung nach Anspruch 1 , dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass der Innenraum (20) des Düsenkörpers (12) einen kreisförmigen, rechteckigen oder elliptischen Querschnitt aufweist.9. The device according to claim 1, characterized in that the interior (20) of the nozzle body (12) has a circular, rectangular or elliptical cross section.
10. Vorrichtung nach einem der vorhergehenden Ansprüche, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Eintrittsdüsen (14) und die Austrittsdüsen (16) jeweils einen Düsenhalter (26) aufweisen, in welchem eine Düse (30) aufgenommen ist.10. Device according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the inlet nozzles (14) and the outlet nozzles (16) each have a nozzle holder (26) in which a nozzle (30) is received.
11. Vorrichtung nach Anspruch 10, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass der Düsenhalter (26) mit einem konischen Zulauf (32) und einem konischen Auslauf (34) ausgestattet ist. 11. The device according to claim 10, characterized in that the nozzle holder (26) is equipped with a conical inlet (32) and a conical outlet (34).
12. Vorrichtung nach Anspruch 1 , dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Eintrittsdüsen (14) eines Düsenpaares parallel versetzt zueinander angeordnet sind.12. The device according to claim 1, characterized in that the inlet nozzles (14) of a pair of nozzles are arranged offset parallel to one another.
13. Vorrichtung nach Anspruch 1 , dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass wenigstens eine der Eintrittsdüsen (14) in einem Winkel (ß) geschwenkt zur Längsmittelachse (38) des Düsenkörpers (12) angeordnet ist.13. The apparatus according to claim 1, characterized in that at least one of the inlet nozzles (14) is arranged pivoted at an angle (β) to the longitudinal central axis (38) of the nozzle body (12).
14. Vorrichtung nach Anspruch 13, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass bezogen auf die Längsmittelachse (38) der Winkel (ß) im Bereich von 0° bis etwa +/- 80° liegt.14. The apparatus according to claim 13, characterized in that based on the longitudinal central axis (38), the angle (β) is in the range from 0 ° to approximately +/- 80 °.
15. Vorrichtung nach Anspruch 10, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Düse (30) aus einem verschleißfesten Material, insbesondere aus Saphir, Diamant, Siliziumkarbid oder Keramik besteht.15. The apparatus according to claim 10, characterized in that the nozzle (30) consists of a wear-resistant material, in particular of sapphire, diamond, silicon carbide or ceramic.
16. Vorrichtung nach Anspruch 1 , dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass eine ungerade Zahl von Eintrittsdüsen (14) und Austrittsdüsen (16), z.B. drei, fünf oder sieben, vorgesehen sind. 16. The apparatus according to claim 1, characterized in that an odd number of inlet nozzles (14) and outlet nozzles (16), e.g. three, five or seven are provided.
EP20040730991 2003-05-05 2004-05-04 Dispersing device Expired - Lifetime EP1638675B1 (en)

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US7563019B2 (en) 2009-07-21
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