EP1638501B1 - Novel confinement or isolation box - Google Patents

Novel confinement or isolation box Download PDF

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Publication number
EP1638501B1
EP1638501B1 EP03817618A EP03817618A EP1638501B1 EP 1638501 B1 EP1638501 B1 EP 1638501B1 EP 03817618 A EP03817618 A EP 03817618A EP 03817618 A EP03817618 A EP 03817618A EP 1638501 B1 EP1638501 B1 EP 1638501B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
box
enclosure
opening
air
unit
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Expired - Lifetime
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EP03817618A
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German (de)
French (fr)
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EP1638501A1 (en
Inventor
Pascal Mismaque
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APPLICATIONS TECHNOLOGIQUES AVANCEES ATA
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APPLICATIONS TECHNOLOGIQUES AVANCEES ATA
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    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61G—TRANSPORT, PERSONAL CONVEYANCES, OR ACCOMMODATION SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR PATIENTS OR DISABLED PERSONS; OPERATING TABLES OR CHAIRS; CHAIRS FOR DENTISTRY; FUNERAL DEVICES
    • A61G10/00—Treatment rooms or enclosures for medical purposes
    • A61G10/02—Treatment rooms or enclosures for medical purposes with artificial climate; with means to maintain a desired pressure, e.g. for germ-free rooms
    • A61G10/023—Rooms for the treatment of patients at over- or under-pressure or at a variable pressure
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61G—TRANSPORT, PERSONAL CONVEYANCES, OR ACCOMMODATION SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR PATIENTS OR DISABLED PERSONS; OPERATING TABLES OR CHAIRS; CHAIRS FOR DENTISTRY; FUNERAL DEVICES
    • A61G1/00—Stretchers
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61G—TRANSPORT, PERSONAL CONVEYANCES, OR ACCOMMODATION SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR PATIENTS OR DISABLED PERSONS; OPERATING TABLES OR CHAIRS; CHAIRS FOR DENTISTRY; FUNERAL DEVICES
    • A61G1/00—Stretchers
    • A61G1/04—Parts, details or accessories, e.g. head-, foot-, or like rests specially adapted for stretchers
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61G—TRANSPORT, PERSONAL CONVEYANCES, OR ACCOMMODATION SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR PATIENTS OR DISABLED PERSONS; OPERATING TABLES OR CHAIRS; CHAIRS FOR DENTISTRY; FUNERAL DEVICES
    • A61G2210/00—Devices for specific treatment or diagnosis
    • A61G2210/30—Devices for specific treatment or diagnosis for intensive care

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a box according to the preamble of claim 1, as described in the document US Patent 5975081 .
  • a confinement or portable isolation chamber delimiting an enclosure sized to accommodate at least one person suffering a burn or contamination of any nature or to benefit from an overpressure for medical reasons, said housing being constituted by less two half-shells sealingly assembled is known by the patent EP-A-0174819 or by the patent EP-A-0002274 .
  • a second category of containment or isolation chamber is also known in the form of a flexible envelope, as illustrated in particular by patents.
  • US Patent 3,345,996 , US Patent 2,279,694 , US Patent 6,001,057 , DE-A-970 939 and EP-A-0417051 Flexible envelopes, when they are associated with an air supply device, have the disadvantage of being able to operate exclusively under overpressure as illustrated in particular by the patent.
  • EP-A-0417051 due to the presence of a flexible envelope associated with an exhaust valve, mechanical member which has a number of disadvantages.
  • the overpressure of the enclosure is particularly suitable in case of victim having suffered severe burns. Conversely, it is better to place the enclosure under vacuum when a person is contaminated.
  • Safety enclosures known to date do not allow such a vacuum under a portable enclosure. Moreover, the presence of external ventilation devices to the enclosure generates a large size of the assembly.
  • An object of the present invention is therefore to provide a confinement or isolation chamber of a new type whose design allows indifferently the setting under vacuum or overpressure of the enclosure without harming the bulk of the box remains easily portable .
  • Another object of the present invention is to propose a containment or isolation chamber of a new type whose design allows two modes of operation, respectively in depression or overpressure by means of the same turbine, the passage of one operation to another taking place in a few minutes.
  • Another object of the present invention is to provide a portable confinement or isolation chamber whose design allows easy decontamination of the assembly.
  • Another object of the present invention is to provide a portable confinement or isolation chamber whose design makes it possible to avoid the incorporation of valves or mechanical exhaust valves or any other type of mechanical devices necessary for the evacuation of the air contained within said enclosure.
  • the subject of the invention is a confinement or portable isolation chamber delimiting an enclosure sized to accommodate at least one person suffering from burns or contamination of any kind, said box consisting of at least two hermetically assembled half-shells, characterized in that at least one of the half-shells is provided at a predetermined location with an autonomous technical block containing the less a turbine coupled to a power supply inside or outside said block, this technical block being able to communicate on the one hand with the outside atmosphere, on the other hand with the atmosphere of the enclosure of the box through at least two openings connectable to said box, at least one of the openings of said technical block being able to serve indifferently air supply of the enclosure of the box or air outlet of the enclosure of the box, depending on desired mode of operation of said box to allow indifferently under vacuum or overpressure of the enclosure of the box, at least one filter being each time positioned on the air flow path between box and block.
  • the opening of the block, adapted to serve indifferently air supply opening of the enclosure of the box or air outlet of the enclosure of the box is, in overpressure mode of the box, connected to an opening of a half-shell of the box and constitutes an air supply opening of the enclosure of the box while in vacuum mode of the box, it is disconnected from said opening of a half-shell of the box and constitutes an air outlet opening of the enclosure of the box.
  • the switching or passage of a vacuum operating mode to a mode of overpressure operation of the box is made by simply connecting one of the openings of the block with the atmosphere of the enclosure of the box and closure of the communication of the block with the outside atmosphere while the switching of the overpressure mode in vacuum mode is effected by simply disconnecting one of the openings of the block with the atmosphere of the enclosure of the box and opening of the block communication with the outside atmosphere.
  • the openings of the technical unit serve equally well to one of the air supply of the enclosure of the caisson and the other of the air outlet of the enclosure of the caisson according to the direction of air flow imposed by the turbine to allow indifferently the setting under vacuum or overpressure of the enclosure.
  • the technical block serves as an exclusive interface between the outside atmosphere and the chamber in the closed state of the enclosure. This results in the possibility of allowing indifferently the setting under vacuum or overpressure of the chamber according to the direction of air flow chosen at the turbine (s) of the autonomous technical block.
  • This box 1 consists of at least two half-shells 1A, 1B sealingly assembled by a joint plane incorporating sealing means. Each half-shell can be made in the form of a molded piece of a material for easy decontamination.
  • the lower half-shell, shown at 1A in the figures, has sufficient rigidity to allow the carriage of the assembly.
  • the upper half-shell 1B may comprise at least one viewing window of the interior of the enclosure. This window can be made by means of a transparent flexible material or a transparent rigid material. It may also be provided to use these two half-shells 1A, 1B in the form of disposable elements so as to constitute a disposable set after transport of a victim.
  • At least one of the 1B half-shells 1A, 1B is provided with an autonomous technical block 2.
  • This autonomous technical block 2 contains at least one turbine 3, such as a fan, coupled to a power supply 4 housed inside or outside said block 2.
  • This power supply comprises at least one battery intended for the power supply.
  • at least one of the half-shells, preferably the upper half-shell 1B of the box 1 is provided in one determined location of a reservation 11 for the reception of the autonomous technical block 2. This results in the possibility of entering the technical block in the general volume of the chamber of the box so as not to increase the size of the latter.
  • This technical block 2 hermetically assembled to the half-shell 1A provided with a reservation, comprises at least two openings 5A, 5B to allow communication of the volume defined by the block 2 with the atmosphere of the enclosure 1C of the caisson 1. At least one of the openings of the technical block is able to serve either air supply enclosure 1C of the box or air outlet enclosure 1C enclosure according to the desired operating mode of the box to allow indifferently the setting under vacuum or overpressure of the enclosure 1C of the box.
  • the opening 5B of the block 2 constitutes the opening capable of serving indifferently air supply opening of the enclosure 1C of the box 1 since the technical block 2 or air outlet of enclosure 1C of the caisson 1.
  • the opening 5B of the block 2 is disconnected from the opening 10B of the half-shell 1B of box provided with a reservation and constitutes an air outlet opening of the enclosure of the box 1.
  • the air enters through a first opening shown at 10B to the figures inside the box under the effect of the turbine 3 and spring from this box through an opening shown at 10A, corresponding to the opening 5A of the technical block before leaving the technical block 2 through the opening 5B of the block 2.
  • the same opening 5B of the block 2 is an air supply opening of the enclosure 1C of the box in overpressure mode of the box when the opening is connected to the opening 10B of the half-shell 1B of the box.
  • This opening 5B of the block 2 is connectable, in a disconnectable manner, to the opening 10B arranged in the half-shell 1B of the housing provided with a reservation 11, directly or via a connection, such as an air sleeve 7, at least partially removable.
  • At least one filter 8B equips one or the other of said openings 5B, 10B of the technical block or respectively of the box.
  • the filter 8B equips the opening 10B formed on the half-shell 1B of the casing 1.
  • at least one filter 8A, 8B is each time positioned in the air circulation path between the casing 1 and block 2.
  • the air enters the enclosure of the box through the opening 10B formed on the vertical face of the reservation 11 corresponding to a notch formed in the upper half-shell of said box.
  • This air is circulated inside said box before emerging from this box through the opening 10A of the box formed on a horizontal wall of said box.
  • This opening 10A corresponds with the opening 5A of the technical block.
  • the air then enters the technical block before being evacuated from this block through the opening 5B of said block which allows an escape to the air of the air contained in said box and sucked by the turbine 3.
  • the opening 5B of the technical block 2 is connected to the opening 10B of the box, which is in depression mode the air inlet opening in the box, via an air sleeve 7
  • the turbine 3 continues to suck the air contained inside the box through the openings 5A and 10A and blows through the opening 5B placed in communication with the opening 10B of the box.
  • This box then operates in overpressure mode and is supplied with air from the technical block 2 via the opening 5B of the block.
  • the technical block 2 communicates with the external atmosphere via at least one closable orifice 6 with adjustable opening, said orifice 6 being closed in the vacuum mode of the chamber 1 and open in overpressure mode of the chamber 1.
  • the amplitude of the opening of the The orifice 6 is adjustable and depends on the desired level of overpressure.
  • the opening 5A of the technical block 2 capable of communicating with the interior atmosphere of the enclosure of the box 1 through the opening 10A formed in the half-shell 1B of the box with a reservation is in turn exclusively an air outlet opening 5A of the enclosure 1C of the box 1 regardless of operating mode overpressure or depression of the box 1.
  • At least one of the filters 8A, 8B is pre-mounted on one of the openings of one of the half-shells 1A, 1B of the casing 1, in this case the upper half-shell 1B of the box equipped with openings 10A, 10B for connecting the atmosphere of the enclosure of the box with the technical block 2 or with the outside.
  • the transition from one mode of operation to another can occur in parallel with a repositioning of the technical block.
  • the technical block is removably mounted on one of the half-shells 1A, 1B, in the occurrence again on the upper half-shell 1B.
  • This technical block 2 presents, as illustrated by the figures 2 and 3 at least two connection positions to the same opening 10A of the enclosure of the box according to the role played by its opening 5B able to serve indifferently air supply chamber 1C of the box or air outlet of enclosure 1C of the box.
  • the technical block can be rotated about its axis 180 ° or repositioned on the opening 10A to allow the opening 5B to no longer be positioned opposite the opening 10B of the enclosure of the box to which it is connected in overpressure mode.
  • the air escaping from the opening 5B in vacuum mode of the box does not disturb the admission of air into said box, this admission being effected via the opening 10B formed in said box .
  • the technical block 2 is mounted on the so-called upper half-shell 1B of the enclosure at one end of the latter so as to be positioned, in the closed state of the enclosure, above the enclosure. location corresponding to that occupied by the feet of the victim.
  • This technical block delimits at least one chamber and houses a turbine 3.
  • This turbine ensures air circulation inside the enclosure of the caisson 2.
  • This turbine comprises at least one inlet 3A of air intake into the chamber. turbine 3 and an air exhaust outlet 3B of said turbine 3.
  • the air exhaust outlet 3B cooperates with the delimitation of the opening 5B of the block 2 serving indifferently for supplying air to the enclosure of the box or air outlet of the enclosure of the box.
  • the inlet 3A of the turbine is arranged in the chamber formed by said block 2.
  • This chamber is equipped on the one hand at least one opening 5A connectable to the inner atmosphere of the box to form the air outlet opening of the box, on the other hand a closable opening 6 communicating with the outside atmosphere.
  • This turbine 3 is a variable flow turbine which can be controlled in operation from information provided by probes 9A, 9B of pressure, preferably placed one, 9B, in the enclosure 1C of the caisson 1, the other, 9A, in the technical block 2.
  • a filter shown at 8A, 8B in the figures there is provided each time a filter shown at 8A, 8B in the figures.
  • the communication openings 5A, 5B of the block 2 with the enclosure 1C of the box delimit substantially orthogonal surfaces therebetween.
  • One 5B of the communication openings 5A, 5B of the block 2 with the enclosure 1C communicates with said enclosure through an opening 10B of the enclosure formed on a wall of the upper half-shell of the box s' extending transversely to the longitudinal axis of the enclosure so as to form, inside the enclosure, a flow of air sweeping the top wall of the upper half-shell 1B.
  • This wall of the top of the upper half-shell is thus provided with a window 12 for viewing the interior of the enclosure 1C delimited by the box.
  • This transverse wall of the upper half-shell constitutes a so-called vertical wall participating in the realization of the reservation 11 formed in the half-shell.
  • a constant sweep avoids any condensation on the surface of the window which equips the upper half-shell 1B of the box to allow in any circumstance viewing the inside of the enclosure delimited by the box regardless of the operating mode of the box.
  • At least the lower half-shell 1A of the box has handling handles for carrying the assembly and rings allow the hoisting of the assembly.
  • the attachment of the half-shells to one another can be provided by latches.
  • Handling gloves for patient intervention and impervious devices for firstly the passage of an infusion, on the other hand for the supply of oxygen or the liquid supply passage and other connections can be provided in one of the half-shells.
  • An option may be envisaged for a device allowing intercom communication of the victim with the outside, the incorporation of a sound production device such as a CD player, a radio or a video player. cassettes to increase the comfort of the victim.
  • the technical block 2 can consist of a high-pressure ventilation block available.
  • the filtration system used incorporates high efficiency filters.
  • the battery is an autonomous battery with transformer, an electronic control system is also provided.
  • the filtration system can therefore consist of high efficiency filters known as HEPA (High Efficiency Particulate Air) or ULPA (Ultra Low Air Penetration), this classification being defined by the EN1822 standard.
  • HEPA High Efficiency Particulate Air
  • ULPA Ultra Low Air Penetration
  • Ventilation provided by a high-pressure centrifugal fan available and load-compensated, has a low noise level.
  • the air flow can be of the order of 50 m 3 / hour is a stirring rate significantly higher than 50.
  • the air speed is preferably less than 1.5 m / s.
  • the constituent materials of the box are also intended to have a fire resistance.
  • operating display members may be provided on any one of the half-shells or the technical block and consist in particular of a manometer, a device for monitoring the operation of the battery and a walking member. /stop.
  • the technical block can thus be provided with at least one alarm device that is triggered in the event of stopping the operation of the turbine 3.
  • the technical block 2 always comprises at least two openings 5A, 5B.
  • the openings 5A, 5B serve indifferently one of air supply of the enclosure of the box and the other air outlet of the enclosure of the box in particular according to the direction of circulation of air imposed by the turbine 3 to allow indifferently the setting under vacuum or overpressure of the enclosure 1C of the box.
  • the technical block may delimit, by means of a partition, at least two chambers each communicating on the one hand with the external environment to the enclosure via at least one opening such as louvers. , on the other hand with the atmosphere of the enclosure through at least one opening 5A, 5B optionally provided with filters.
  • At least one of the chambers houses at least the turbine and possibly its power supply.
  • This turbine ensures air circulation between the chambers of the technical block by passing through the enclosure of the box.
  • the opening for example 5B of one of the chambers of the technical block serves as air intake while the other opening 5A serves as the air outlet of the enclosure.
  • the opening 5A which serves as an air inlet while the opening 5B serves as an air outlet.
  • the depression or overpressure of the chamber is provided solely by reversing the blowing direction of the turbine 3. This inversion can be obtained by simply turning the turbine 3 inside the technical block 2 or by adding an additional turbine housed inside the technical block 2 or by reversing the direction of rotation of the turbine.
  • the filters equipping the communication openings 5A, 5B of the block 2 with the enclosure 1C of the box differential pressure losses. It is thus possible to dispense with any mechanical member such as exhaust valves despite the possibility of placing the enclosure in depression or overpressure.
  • the circulation takes place inside the enclosure 1C placed under vacuum or overpressure via the technical block 2 which serves as an exclusive interface between the atmosphere of the enclosure and the atmosphere exterior.
  • the communication of the technical unit with the outside atmosphere is carried out by through the ears.

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  • Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Veterinary Medicine (AREA)
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  • General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Public Health (AREA)
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  • Accommodation For Nursing Or Treatment Tables (AREA)
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Abstract

The invention relates to a movable confinement or isolation box (1) comprising a chamber (1C) whose size makes it possible to arrange at least one burn or intoxicated patient and consisting of at least two tightly assembled semi-shells (1A, 1B). Said box is characterised in that at least one (1B) of the semi-shells (1A,1B) is provided with an autonomous technical unit (2) which is arranged in a predetermined area thereof, contains at least one turbine (3) connected to a supply unit (4) and communicates with an outside atmosphere and an atmosphere in the chamber (1C) of the box (1) by means of at least two openings (5A, 5B) connectable thereto. At least one of the openings (5A, 5B) of said technical unit (2) can serve for the air supply to the chamber of the box or for the air removal from the chamber (1C) of the box (1) according to the desired operating mode thereof.

Description

La présente invention concerne un caisson selon le préambule de la revendication 1, tel que décrit dans le document US-A-5975081 .The present invention relates to a box according to the preamble of claim 1, as described in the document US Patent 5975081 .

Un caisson de confinement ou d'isolement portable délimitant une enceinte dimensionnée pour loger au moins une personne victime de brûlure ou d'une contamination de nature quelconque ou devant bénéficier d'une mise en surpression pour raison médicale, ledit caisson étant constitué d'au moins deux demi-coquilles assemblables de manière étanche est connu par le brevet EP-A-0.174.819 ou par le brevet EP-A-0.002.274 .A confinement or portable isolation chamber delimiting an enclosure sized to accommodate at least one person suffering a burn or contamination of any nature or to benefit from an overpressure for medical reasons, said housing being constituted by less two half-shells sealingly assembled is known by the patent EP-A-0174819 or by the patent EP-A-0002274 .

On connaît par ailleurs une seconde catégorie d'enceinte de confinement ou d'isolement se présentant sous forme d'enveloppe souple comme l'illustrent en particulier les brevets US-A-3.345.996 , US-A-2.279.694 , US-A-6.001.057 , DE-A-970.939 et EP-A-0.417.051 . Les enveloppes souples, lorsqu'elles sont associées à un dispositif d'alimentation en air, présentent l'inconvénient de ne pouvoir fonctionner exclusivement qu'en surpression comme l'illustre en particulier le brevet EP-A-0.417.051 du fait de la présence d'une enveloppe souple associée à une vanne d'échappement, organe mécanique qui présente un certain nombre d'inconvénients. La mise en surpression de l'enceinte est particulièrement adaptée en cas de victime ayant subi de graves brûlures. A l'inverse, il est préférable de placer l'enceinte sous dépression lorsqu'une personne est contaminée. Les enceintes de sécurité connues à ce jour ne permettent pas une telle mise sous dépression dans le cas d'une enceinte portable. Par ailleurs, la présence de dispositifs de ventilation externes à l'enceinte engendre un encombrement important de l'ensemble.A second category of containment or isolation chamber is also known in the form of a flexible envelope, as illustrated in particular by patents. US Patent 3,345,996 , US Patent 2,279,694 , US Patent 6,001,057 , DE-A-970 939 and EP-A-0417051 . Flexible envelopes, when they are associated with an air supply device, have the disadvantage of being able to operate exclusively under overpressure as illustrated in particular by the patent. EP-A-0417051 due to the presence of a flexible envelope associated with an exhaust valve, mechanical member which has a number of disadvantages. The overpressure of the enclosure is particularly suitable in case of victim having suffered severe burns. Conversely, it is better to place the enclosure under vacuum when a person is contaminated. Safety enclosures known to date do not allow such a vacuum under a portable enclosure. Moreover, the presence of external ventilation devices to the enclosure generates a large size of the assembly.

Un but de la présente invention est donc de proposer un caisson de confinement ou d'isolement d'un nouveau type dont la conception permet indifféremment la mise sous dépression ou en surpression de l'enceinte sans nuire à l'encombrement du caisson demeurant aisément portable.An object of the present invention is therefore to provide a confinement or isolation chamber of a new type whose design allows indifferently the setting under vacuum or overpressure of the enclosure without harming the bulk of the box remains easily portable .

Un autre but de la présente invention est de proposer un caisson de confinement ou d'isolement d'un nouveau type dont la conception permet deux modes de fonctionnement, respectivement en dépression ou en surpression au moyen d'une même turbine, le passage d'un fonctionnement à un autre s'effectuant en quelques minutes.Another object of the present invention is to propose a containment or isolation chamber of a new type whose design allows two modes of operation, respectively in depression or overpressure by means of the same turbine, the passage of one operation to another taking place in a few minutes.

Un autre but de la présente invention est de proposer un caisson de confinement ou d'isolement portable dont la conception permet une décontamination aisée de l'ensemble.Another object of the present invention is to provide a portable confinement or isolation chamber whose design allows easy decontamination of the assembly.

Un autre but de la présente invention est de proposer un caisson de confinement ou d'isolement portable dont la conception permet d'éviter l'incorporation de valves ou de vannes d'échappement mécaniques ou tout autre type d'organes mécaniques nécessaires à l'évacuation de l'air contenu à l'intérieur de ladite enceinte.Another object of the present invention is to provide a portable confinement or isolation chamber whose design makes it possible to avoid the incorporation of valves or mechanical exhaust valves or any other type of mechanical devices necessary for the evacuation of the air contained within said enclosure.

A cet effet, l'invention a pour objet un caisson de confinement ou d'isolement portable délimitant une enceinte dimensionnée pour loger au moins une personne victime de brûlure ou d'une contamination de nature quelconque, ledit caisson étant constitué d'au moins deux demi-coquilles assemblables de manière étanche, caractérisé en ce qu'au moins l'une des demi-coquilles est munie en un emplacement prédéterminé d'un bloc technique autonome renfermant au moins une turbine couplée à une alimentation intérieure ou extérieure audit bloc, ce bloc technique étant apte à communiquer d'une part avec l'atmosphère extérieure, d'autre part avec l'atmosphère de l'enceinte du caisson par l'intermédiaire d'au moins deux ouvertures connectables audit caisson, au moins l'une des ouvertures dudit bloc technique étant apte à servir indifféremment d'alimentation en air de l'enceinte du caisson ou de sortie d'air de l'enceinte du caisson, en fonction du mode de fonctionnement souhaité dudit caisson pour permettre indifféremment la mise sous dépression ou en surpression de l'enceinte du caisson, au moins un filtre étant à chaque fois positionné sur le trajet de circulation de l'air entre caisson et bloc.For this purpose, the subject of the invention is a confinement or portable isolation chamber delimiting an enclosure sized to accommodate at least one person suffering from burns or contamination of any kind, said box consisting of at least two hermetically assembled half-shells, characterized in that at least one of the half-shells is provided at a predetermined location with an autonomous technical block containing the less a turbine coupled to a power supply inside or outside said block, this technical block being able to communicate on the one hand with the outside atmosphere, on the other hand with the atmosphere of the enclosure of the box through at least two openings connectable to said box, at least one of the openings of said technical block being able to serve indifferently air supply of the enclosure of the box or air outlet of the enclosure of the box, depending on desired mode of operation of said box to allow indifferently under vacuum or overpressure of the enclosure of the box, at least one filter being each time positioned on the air flow path between box and block.

Selon un premier mode de réalisation de l'invention, l'ouverture du bloc, apte à servir indifféremment d'ouverture d'alimentation en air de l'enceinte du caisson ou de sortie d'air de l'enceinte du caisson est, en mode surpression du caisson, connectée à une ouverture d'une demi-coquille du caisson et constitue une ouverture d'alimentation en air de l'enceinte du caisson tandis qu'en mode dépression du caisson, elle est déconnectée de ladite ouverture d'une demi-coquille du caisson et constitue une ouverture de sortie d'air de l'enceinte du caisson.According to a first embodiment of the invention, the opening of the block, adapted to serve indifferently air supply opening of the enclosure of the box or air outlet of the enclosure of the box is, in overpressure mode of the box, connected to an opening of a half-shell of the box and constitutes an air supply opening of the enclosure of the box while in vacuum mode of the box, it is disconnected from said opening of a half-shell of the box and constitutes an air outlet opening of the enclosure of the box.

Grâce à cette conception du bloc technique, la commutation ou passage d'un mode de fonctionnement en dépression à un mode de fonctionnement en surpression du caisson s'effectue par simple connexion d'une des ouvertures du bloc avec l'atmosphère de l'enceinte du caisson et fermeture de la communication du bloc avec l'atmosphère extérieure tandis que la commutation du mode surpression en mode dépression s'effectue par simple déconnexion d'une des ouvertures du bloc avec l'atmosphère de l'enceinte du caisson et ouverture de la communication du bloc avec l'atmosphère extérieure. Il en résulte une possibilité de passer d'un mode de fonctionnement à un autre en quelques minutes.Thanks to this design of the technical block, the switching or passage of a vacuum operating mode to a mode of overpressure operation of the box is made by simply connecting one of the openings of the block with the atmosphere of the enclosure of the box and closure of the communication of the block with the outside atmosphere while the switching of the overpressure mode in vacuum mode is effected by simply disconnecting one of the openings of the block with the atmosphere of the enclosure of the box and opening of the block communication with the outside atmosphere. This results in a possibility to switch from one mode of operation to another in a few minutes.

Selon un second mode de réalisation de l'invention, les ouvertures du bloc technique servent indifféremment l'une d'alimentation en air de l'enceinte du caisson et l'autre de sortie d'air de l'enceinte du caisson en fonction du sens de circulation d'air imposé par la turbine pour permettre indifféremment la mise sous dépression ou en surpression de l'enceinte.According to a second embodiment of the invention, the openings of the technical unit serve equally well to one of the air supply of the enclosure of the caisson and the other of the air outlet of the enclosure of the caisson according to the direction of air flow imposed by the turbine to allow indifferently the setting under vacuum or overpressure of the enclosure.

Dans un second mode de réalisation, du fait de la conception du caisson de confinement, le bloc technique sert d'interface exclusive entre l'atmosphère extérieure et l'enceinte à l'état fermé de l'enceinte. Il en résulte la possibilité de permettre indifféremment la mise sous dépression ou en surpression de l'enceinte en fonction du sens de circulation d'air choisi au niveau de la ou des turbine(s) du bloc technique autonome.In a second embodiment, because of the design of the containment box, the technical block serves as an exclusive interface between the outside atmosphere and the chamber in the closed state of the enclosure. This results in the possibility of allowing indifferently the setting under vacuum or overpressure of the chamber according to the direction of air flow chosen at the turbine (s) of the autonomous technical block.

L'invention sera bien comprise à la lecture de la description suivante d'exemples de réalisation, en référence aux dessins annexés dans lesquels :

  • la figure 1 représente une vue schématique à l'état ouvert d'un caisson conforme à l'invention, le bloc technique étant démonté du caisson ;
  • la figure 2 représente une vue schématique partielle en coupe d'un bloc technique équipant un caisson conforme à l'invention en mode dépression dudit caisson et
  • la figure 3 représente une vue schématique partielle en coupe d'un bloc technique équipant un caisson conforme à l'invention en mode surpression dudit caisson.
The invention will be better understood on reading the following description of exemplary embodiments, with reference to the appended drawings in which:
  • the figure 1 represents a schematic view in the open state of a box according to the invention, the technical block being removed from the box;
  • the figure 2 is a partial schematic sectional view of a technical block equipping a box according to the invention in the vacuum mode of said box and
  • the figure 3 represents a partial schematic view in section of a technical block equipping a box according to the invention in overpressure mode of said box.

Le caisson de confinement ou d'isolement, objet de l'invention, et représenté sous la référence générale 1, délimite une enceinte 1C dimensionnée pour loger au moins une personne victime de brûlure ou d'une contamination de nature quelconque. Ce caisson 1 est constitué d'au moins deux demi-coquilles 1A, 1B assemblables de manière étanche par un plan de joint incorporant des moyens d'étanchéité. Chaque demi-coquille peut être réalisée sous forme d'une pièce moulée en un matériau permettant une décontamination aisée. La demi-coquille inférieure, représentée en 1A aux figures, présente une rigidité suffisante pour permettre le portage de l'ensemble. La demi-coquille 1B supérieure peut comporter au moins une fenêtre de visualisation de l'intérieur de l'enceinte. Cette fenêtre peut être réalisée au moyen d'un matériau souple transparent ou d'un matériau rigide transparent. Il peut être également prévu d'utiliser ces deux demi-coquilles 1A, 1B sous forme d'éléments à usage unique de manière à constituer un ensemble jetable après transport d'une victime.The containment or isolation chamber, object of the invention, and shown under the general reference 1, delimits a chamber 1C sized to accommodate at least one victim of burns or contamination of any kind. This box 1 consists of at least two half-shells 1A, 1B sealingly assembled by a joint plane incorporating sealing means. Each half-shell can be made in the form of a molded piece of a material for easy decontamination. The lower half-shell, shown at 1A in the figures, has sufficient rigidity to allow the carriage of the assembly. The upper half-shell 1B may comprise at least one viewing window of the interior of the enclosure. This window can be made by means of a transparent flexible material or a transparent rigid material. It may also be provided to use these two half-shells 1A, 1B in the form of disposable elements so as to constitute a disposable set after transport of a victim.

De manière caractéristique à l'invention, au moins l'une 1B des demi-coquilles 1A, 1B est munie d'un bloc 2 technique autonome. Ce bloc 2 technique autonome renferme au moins une turbine 3, tel qu'un ventilateur, couplée à une alimentation 4 logée à l'intérieur ou à l'extérieur dudit bloc 2. Cette alimentation comporte au moins une batterie destinée à l'alimentation d'un moteur servant au fonctionnement de la turbine 3. Afin de ne pas augmenter l'encombrement de l'ensemble, au moins l'une des demi-coquilles, de préférence la demi-coquille 1B supérieure du caisson 1, est munie en un emplacement déterminé d'une réservation 11 pour la réception du bloc 2 technique autonome. Il en résulte la possibilité d'inscrire le bloc technique dans le volume général de l'enceinte du caisson de manière à ne pas augmenter l'encombrement de ce dernier. Ce bloc 2 technique, assemblable de manière hermétique à la demi-coquille 1A munie d'une réservation, comporte au moins deux ouvertures 5A, 5B pour permettre une communication du volume délimité par le bloc 2 avec l'atmosphère de l'enceinte 1C du caisson 1. Au moins l'une des ouvertures du bloc technique est apte à servir indifféremment d'alimentation en air de l'enceinte 1C du caisson ou de sortie d'air de l'enceinte 1C du caisson en fonction du mode de fonctionnement souhaité du caisson pour permettre indifféremment la mise sous dépression ou en surpression de l'enceinte 1C du caisson. Ainsi, dans les exemples représentés, l'ouverture 5B du bloc 2 constitue l'ouverture apte à servir indifféremment d'ouverture d'alimentation en air de l'enceinte 1C du caisson 1 depuis le bloc 2 technique ou de sortie d'air de l'enceinte 1C du caisson 1. Dans l'exemple représenté à la figure 2, correspondant au mode dépression du caisson, l'ouverture 5B du bloc 2 est déconnectée de l'ouverture 10B de la demi-coquille 1B de caisson munie d'une réservation et constitue une ouverture de sortie d'air de l'enceinte du caisson 1. Ainsi, l'air entre à travers une première ouverture représentée en 10B aux figures à l'intérieur du caisson sous l'effet de la turbine 3 et ressort de ce caisson à travers une ouverture représentée en 10A, correspondant à l'ouverture 5A du bloc technique avant de sortir du bloc 2 technique par l'ouverture 5B du bloc 2. Cette même ouverture 5B du bloc 2 constitue une ouverture d'alimentation en air de l'enceinte 1C du caisson en mode surpression du caisson lorsque cette ouverture est connectée à l'ouverture 10B de la demi-coquille 1B du caisson. Cette ouverture 5B du bloc 2 est connectable, de manière déconnectable, à l'ouverture 10B ménagée dans la demi-coquille 1B du caisson munie d'une réservation 11, directement ou par l'intermédiaire d'un raccord, tel qu'une manche 7 à air, au moins partiellement démontable. Au moins un filtre 8B équipe l'une ou l'autre desdites ouvertures 5B, 10B du bloc technique ou respectivement du caisson. De préférence, le filtre 8B équipe l'ouverture 10B ménagée sur la demi-coquille 1B du caisson 1. Dans tous les cas, au moins un filtre 8A, 8B est à chaque fois positionné sur le trajet de circulation de l'air entre caisson 1 et bloc 2. Comme l'illustre la figure 2, en mode dépression, l'air pénètre dans l'enceinte du caisson à travers l'ouverture 10B ménagée sur la face verticale de la réservation 11 correspondant à un encochage ménagée dans la demi-coquille supérieure dudit caisson. Cet air est amené à circuler à l'intérieur dudit caisson avant de ressortir de ce caisson à travers l'ouverture 10A du caisson ménagé sur une paroi horizontale dudit caisson. Cette ouverture 10A correspond avec l'ouverture 5A du bloc technique. L'air pénètre alors dans le bloc technique avant d'être évacué de ce bloc à travers l'ouverture 5B dudit bloc qui permet un échappement à l'air libre de l'air contenu dans ledit caisson et aspiré par la turbine 3. En mode surpression, l'ouverture 5B du bloc 2 technique est connectée à l'ouverture 10B du caisson, qui constitue en mode dépression l'ouverture d'entrée d'air dans le caisson, par l'intermédiaire d'une manche à air 7. Ainsi, la turbine 3 continue à aspirer l'air contenu à l'intérieur du caisson par l'intermédiaire des ouvertures 5A et 10A et le souffle à travers l'ouverture 5B mise en communication avec l'ouverture 10B du caisson. Ce caisson fonctionne alors en mode surpression et est alimenté en air depuis le bloc 2 technique par l'intermédiaire de l'ouverture 5B du bloc.In characteristic manner to the invention, at least one of the 1B half-shells 1A, 1B is provided with an autonomous technical block 2. This autonomous technical block 2 contains at least one turbine 3, such as a fan, coupled to a power supply 4 housed inside or outside said block 2. This power supply comprises at least one battery intended for the power supply. a motor used for the operation of the turbine 3. In order not to increase the bulk of the assembly, at least one of the half-shells, preferably the upper half-shell 1B of the box 1, is provided in one determined location of a reservation 11 for the reception of the autonomous technical block 2. This results in the possibility of entering the technical block in the general volume of the chamber of the box so as not to increase the size of the latter. This technical block 2, hermetically assembled to the half-shell 1A provided with a reservation, comprises at least two openings 5A, 5B to allow communication of the volume defined by the block 2 with the atmosphere of the enclosure 1C of the caisson 1. At least one of the openings of the technical block is able to serve either air supply enclosure 1C of the box or air outlet enclosure 1C enclosure according to the desired operating mode of the box to allow indifferently the setting under vacuum or overpressure of the enclosure 1C of the box. Thus, in the examples shown, the opening 5B of the block 2 constitutes the opening capable of serving indifferently air supply opening of the enclosure 1C of the box 1 since the technical block 2 or air outlet of enclosure 1C of the caisson 1. In the example shown in figure 2 , corresponding to the vacuum mode of the box, the opening 5B of the block 2 is disconnected from the opening 10B of the half-shell 1B of box provided with a reservation and constitutes an air outlet opening of the enclosure of the box 1. Thus, the air enters through a first opening shown at 10B to the figures inside the box under the effect of the turbine 3 and spring from this box through an opening shown at 10A, corresponding to the opening 5A of the technical block before leaving the technical block 2 through the opening 5B of the block 2. The same opening 5B of the block 2 is an air supply opening of the enclosure 1C of the box in overpressure mode of the box when the opening is connected to the opening 10B of the half-shell 1B of the box. This opening 5B of the block 2 is connectable, in a disconnectable manner, to the opening 10B arranged in the half-shell 1B of the housing provided with a reservation 11, directly or via a connection, such as an air sleeve 7, at least partially removable. At least one filter 8B equips one or the other of said openings 5B, 10B of the technical block or respectively of the box. Preferably, the filter 8B equips the opening 10B formed on the half-shell 1B of the casing 1. In all cases, at least one filter 8A, 8B is each time positioned in the air circulation path between the casing 1 and block 2. As illustrated by figure 2 , In vacuum mode, the air enters the enclosure of the box through the opening 10B formed on the vertical face of the reservation 11 corresponding to a notch formed in the upper half-shell of said box. This air is circulated inside said box before emerging from this box through the opening 10A of the box formed on a horizontal wall of said box. This opening 10A corresponds with the opening 5A of the technical block. The air then enters the technical block before being evacuated from this block through the opening 5B of said block which allows an escape to the air of the air contained in said box and sucked by the turbine 3. overpressure mode, the opening 5B of the technical block 2 is connected to the opening 10B of the box, which is in depression mode the air inlet opening in the box, via an air sleeve 7 Thus, the turbine 3 continues to suck the air contained inside the box through the openings 5A and 10A and blows through the opening 5B placed in communication with the opening 10B of the box. This box then operates in overpressure mode and is supplied with air from the technical block 2 via the opening 5B of the block.

Pour permettre un tel fonctionnement, un apport en air neuf est nécessaire. A cet effet, le bloc 2 technique communique avec l'atmosphère extérieure par l'intermédiaire d'au moins un orifice 6 obturable à ouverture ajustable, ledit orifice 6 étant obturé en mode dépression du caisson 1 et ouvert en mode surpression du caisson 1. L'amplitude de l'ouverture de l'orifice 6 est réglable et est fonction du niveau de surpression souhaité.To enable such operation, a supply of fresh air is necessary. For this purpose, the technical block 2 communicates with the external atmosphere via at least one closable orifice 6 with adjustable opening, said orifice 6 being closed in the vacuum mode of the chamber 1 and open in overpressure mode of the chamber 1. The amplitude of the opening of the The orifice 6 is adjustable and depends on the desired level of overpressure.

L'ouverture 5A du bloc 2 technique apte à communiquer avec l'atmosphère intérieure de l'enceinte du caisson 1 par l'intermédiaire de l'ouverture 10A ménagée dans la demi-coquille 1B du caisson munie d'une réservation constitue quant à elle exclusivement une ouverture 5A de sortie d'air de l'enceinte 1C du caisson 1 indépendamment du mode de fonctionnement en surpression ou en dépression du caisson 1. Grâce à cette disposition des différentes ouvertures, on constate que le passage d'un mode de fonctionnement à un autre du caisson s'effectue d'une part par simple connexion ou respectivement déconnexion d'une des ouvertures du bloc, en l'occurrence l'ouverture 5B du bloc, avec l'atmosphère de l'enceinte du caisson par l'intermédiaire de l'ouverture 10B ménagée dans ledit caisson, d'autre part par fermeture ou respectivement ouverture de la communication 6 du bloc 2 technique avec l'atmosphère extérieure. Pour faciliter la connexion et la déconnexion de telles ouvertures, au moins l'un des filtres 8A, 8B est pré-monté sur l'une des ouvertures de l'une des demi-coquilles 1A, 1B du caisson 1, en l'occurrence la demi-coquille supérieure 1B du caisson équipée des ouvertures 10A, 10B servant au raccordement de l'atmosphère de l'enceinte du caisson avec le bloc 2 technique ou avec l'extérieur.The opening 5A of the technical block 2 capable of communicating with the interior atmosphere of the enclosure of the box 1 through the opening 10A formed in the half-shell 1B of the box with a reservation is in turn exclusively an air outlet opening 5A of the enclosure 1C of the box 1 regardless of operating mode overpressure or depression of the box 1. With this arrangement of the different openings, it is found that the passage of a mode of operation to another of the box is performed on the one hand by simple connection or respectively disconnection of one of the openings of the block, in this case the opening 5B of the block, with the atmosphere of the enclosure of the box by the intermediate of the opening 10B formed in said box, on the other hand by closing or respectively opening the communication 6 of the technical block 2 with the outside atmosphere. To facilitate the connection and the disconnection of such openings, at least one of the filters 8A, 8B is pre-mounted on one of the openings of one of the half-shells 1A, 1B of the casing 1, in this case the upper half-shell 1B of the box equipped with openings 10A, 10B for connecting the atmosphere of the enclosure of the box with the technical block 2 or with the outside.

Le passage d'un mode de fonctionnement à un autre peut s'opérer parallèlement à un repositionnement du bloc technique. En effet, le bloc technique est monté de manière amovible sur l'une des demi-coquilles 1A, 1B, en l'occurrence à nouveau sur la demi-coquille supérieure 1B. Ce bloc 2 technique présente, comme l'illustrent les figures 2 et 3, au moins deux positions de raccordement à une même ouverture 10A de l'enceinte du caisson en fonction du rôle joué par son ouverture 5B apte à servir indifféremment d'alimentation en air de l'enceinte 1C du caisson ou de sortie d'air de l'enceinte 1C du caisson. En effet, lors du passage du mode dépression à un mode surpression ou inversement, le bloc technique peut être pivoté autour de son axe de 180° ou repositionné sur l'ouverture 10A pour permettre à l'ouverture 5B de ne plus être positionnée en regard de l'ouverture 10B de l'enceinte du caisson à laquelle elle est connectée en mode surpression. Ainsi, l'air s'échappant de l'ouverture 5B en mode dépression du caisson ne vient pas perturber l'admission d'air dans ledit caisson, cette admission s'opérant par l'intermédiaire de l'ouverture 10B ménagée dans ledit caisson.The transition from one mode of operation to another can occur in parallel with a repositioning of the technical block. Indeed, the technical block is removably mounted on one of the half-shells 1A, 1B, in the occurrence again on the upper half-shell 1B. This technical block 2 presents, as illustrated by the figures 2 and 3 at least two connection positions to the same opening 10A of the enclosure of the box according to the role played by its opening 5B able to serve indifferently air supply chamber 1C of the box or air outlet of enclosure 1C of the box. Indeed, during the transition from vacuum mode to an overpressure mode or vice versa, the technical block can be rotated about its axis 180 ° or repositioned on the opening 10A to allow the opening 5B to no longer be positioned opposite the opening 10B of the enclosure of the box to which it is connected in overpressure mode. Thus, the air escaping from the opening 5B in vacuum mode of the box does not disturb the admission of air into said box, this admission being effected via the opening 10B formed in said box .

Dans les exemples représentés, le bloc 2 technique est monté sur la demi-coquille 1B dite supérieure de l'enceinte à une extrémité de cette dernière de manière à être positionné, à l'état fermé de l'enceinte, au-dessus de l'emplacement correspondant à celui occupé par les pieds de la victime. Ce bloc technique délimite au moins une chambre et loge une turbine 3. Cette turbine assure une circulation d'air à l'intérieur de l'enceinte du caisson 2. Cette turbine comporte au moins une entrée 3A d'admission d'air dans la turbine 3 et une sortie 3B d'échappement d'air de ladite turbine 3. La sortie 3B d'échappement d'air coopère à la délimitation de l'ouverture 5B du bloc 2 servant indifféremment d'alimentation en air de l'enceinte du caisson ou de sortie d'air de l'enceinte du caisson. L'entrée 3A de la turbine est quant à elle disposée dans la chambre ménagée par ledit bloc 2. Cette chambre est munie d'une part d'au moins une ouverture 5A raccordable à l'atmosphère intérieure du caisson pour constituer l'ouverture de sortie d'air du caisson, d'autre part d'une ouverture 6 obturable communiquant avec l'atmosphère extérieure. Cette turbine 3 est une turbine à débit variable qui peut être commandée en fonctionnement à partir d'informations fournies par des sondes 9A, 9B de pression, placées de préférence l'une, 9B, dans l'enceinte 1C du caisson 1, l'autre, 9A, dans le bloc 2 technique. Sur le trajet de circulation de l'air entre caisson et bloc, il est prévu à chaque fois un filtre représenté en 8A, 8B aux figures. Ces filtres 8A, 8B, équipant les ouvertures 5A, 5B ou 10A, 10B de communication du bloc 2 avec l'enceinte du caisson, présentent des pertes de charge différenciées.In the examples shown, the technical block 2 is mounted on the so-called upper half-shell 1B of the enclosure at one end of the latter so as to be positioned, in the closed state of the enclosure, above the enclosure. location corresponding to that occupied by the feet of the victim. This technical block delimits at least one chamber and houses a turbine 3. This turbine ensures air circulation inside the enclosure of the caisson 2. This turbine comprises at least one inlet 3A of air intake into the chamber. turbine 3 and an air exhaust outlet 3B of said turbine 3. The air exhaust outlet 3B cooperates with the delimitation of the opening 5B of the block 2 serving indifferently for supplying air to the enclosure of the box or air outlet of the enclosure of the box. The inlet 3A of the turbine is arranged in the chamber formed by said block 2. This chamber is equipped on the one hand at least one opening 5A connectable to the inner atmosphere of the box to form the air outlet opening of the box, on the other hand a closable opening 6 communicating with the outside atmosphere. This turbine 3 is a variable flow turbine which can be controlled in operation from information provided by probes 9A, 9B of pressure, preferably placed one, 9B, in the enclosure 1C of the caisson 1, the other, 9A, in the technical block 2. In the air flow path between box and block, there is provided each time a filter shown at 8A, 8B in the figures. These filters 8A, 8B, equipping the openings 5A, 5B or 10A, 10B of communication of the block 2 with the enclosure of the box, have differential pressure losses.

Comme l'illustrent les figures, dans les exemples représentés, les ouvertures 5A, 5B de communication du bloc 2 avec l'enceinte 1C du caisson délimitent des surfaces sensiblement orthogonales entre elles. L'une 5B des ouvertures 5A, 5B de communication du bloc 2 avec l'enceinte 1C communique avec ladite enceinte par l'intermédiaire d'une ouverture 10B de l'enceinte ménagée sur une paroi de la demi-coquille supérieure du caisson s'étendant transversalement à l'axe longitudinal de l'enceinte de manière à former, à l'intérieur de l'enceinte, un flux d'air balayant la paroi du dessus de la demi-coquille 1B supérieure. Cette paroi du dessus de la demi-coquille supérieure est ainsi munie d'une fenêtre 12 pour la visualisation de l'intérieur de l'enceinte 1C délimitée par le caisson. Cette paroi transversale de la demi-coquille supérieure constitue une paroi dite verticale participant à la réalisation de la réservation 11 ménagée dans la demi-coquille. Un balayage constant permet d'éviter toute condensation à la surface de la fenêtre qui équipe la demi-coquille 1B supérieure du caisson pour permettre en toute circonstance la visualisation de l'intérieur de l'enceinte délimitée par le caisson indépendamment du mode de fonctionnement du caisson.As illustrated in the figures, in the examples shown, the communication openings 5A, 5B of the block 2 with the enclosure 1C of the box delimit substantially orthogonal surfaces therebetween. One 5B of the communication openings 5A, 5B of the block 2 with the enclosure 1C communicates with said enclosure through an opening 10B of the enclosure formed on a wall of the upper half-shell of the box s' extending transversely to the longitudinal axis of the enclosure so as to form, inside the enclosure, a flow of air sweeping the top wall of the upper half-shell 1B. This wall of the top of the upper half-shell is thus provided with a window 12 for viewing the interior of the enclosure 1C delimited by the box. This transverse wall of the upper half-shell constitutes a so-called vertical wall participating in the realization of the reservation 11 formed in the half-shell. A constant sweep avoids any condensation on the surface of the window which equips the upper half-shell 1B of the box to allow in any circumstance viewing the inside of the enclosure delimited by the box regardless of the operating mode of the box.

Par ailleurs et de manière en soi connue, au moins la demi-coquille inférieure 1A du caisson présente des poignées de manutention permettant le portage de l'ensemble ainsi que des anneaux permettent l'hélitreuillage de l'ensemble. La fixation des demi-coquilles l'une à l'autre peut être assurée par des grenouillères. Des gants de manipulation pour une intervention sur le patient et des dispositifs étanches pour d'une part le passage d'une perfusion, d'autre part pour l'amenée d'oxygène ou le passage d'alimentation liquide ainsi que d'autres connexions peuvent être prévus dans l'une des demi-coquilles. Il peut être envisagé, à titre d'option, un dispositif autorisant la communication par interphone de la victime avec l'extérieur, l'incorporation d'un dispositif de production de sons tel qu'un lecteur CD, une radio ou un lecteur de cassettes pour augmenter le confort de la victime.Furthermore and in a manner known per se, at least the lower half-shell 1A of the box has handling handles for carrying the assembly and rings allow the hoisting of the assembly. The attachment of the half-shells to one another can be provided by latches. Handling gloves for patient intervention and impervious devices for firstly the passage of an infusion, on the other hand for the supply of oxygen or the liquid supply passage and other connections can be provided in one of the half-shells. An option may be envisaged for a device allowing intercom communication of the victim with the outside, the incorporation of a sound production device such as a CD player, a radio or a video player. cassettes to increase the comfort of the victim.

De manière plus détaillée, le bloc 2 technique peut être composé d'un bloc de ventilation à haute pression disponible. Le système de filtration utilisé incorpore quant à lui des filtres à haute efficacité. La batterie est quant à elle une batterie autonome avec transformateur, un système de régulation électronique étant également prévu. Le système de filtration peut donc être constitué de filtres à haute efficacité dite HEPA (High Efficiency Particulate Air) ou ULPA (Ultra Low Pénétration Air), cette classification étant définie par la norme EN1822.In more detail, the technical block 2 can consist of a high-pressure ventilation block available. The filtration system used incorporates high efficiency filters. The battery is an autonomous battery with transformer, an electronic control system is also provided. The filtration system can therefore consist of high efficiency filters known as HEPA (High Efficiency Particulate Air) or ULPA (Ultra Low Air Penetration), this classification being defined by the EN1822 standard.

La ventilation, assurée par un ventilateur centrifuge à haute pression disponible et à compensation de charge, présente un faible niveau sonore. Le débit d'air peut être de l'ordre de 50 m3/heure soit un taux de brassage nettement supérieur à 50. La vitesse d'air est de préférence inférieure à 1,5 m/s.Ventilation, provided by a high-pressure centrifugal fan available and load-compensated, has a low noise level. The air flow can be of the order of 50 m 3 / hour is a stirring rate significantly higher than 50. The air speed is preferably less than 1.5 m / s.

Bien évidemment, les matériaux constitutifs du caisson sont également prévus pour présenter une résistance au feu.Of course, the constituent materials of the box are also intended to have a fire resistance.

Enfin, des organes de visualisation du fonctionnement peuvent être prévus sur l'une quelconque des demi-coquilles ou du bloc technique et sont constitués notamment d'un manomètre, d'un dispositif de contrôle du fonctionnement de la batterie et d'un organe marche/arrêt. Le bloc technique peut ainsi être muni d'au moins un dispositif d'alarme se déclenchant en cas d'arrêt du fonctionnement de la turbine 3.Finally, operating display members may be provided on any one of the half-shells or the technical block and consist in particular of a manometer, a device for monitoring the operation of the battery and a walking member. /stop. The technical block can thus be provided with at least one alarm device that is triggered in the event of stopping the operation of the turbine 3.

La conception d'un tel ensemble permet également de remplacer les demi-coquilles sans avoir à remplacer le bloc technique ou vice-versa. Il en résulte une facilité de décontamination de l'ensemble et une maintenance aisée de l'ensemble.The design of such an assembly also makes it possible to replace the half-shells without having to replace the technical block or vice versa. This results in ease of decontamination of the assembly and easy maintenance of the assembly.

Dans un autre mode de réalisation non représenté, le bloc 2 technique comporte toujours au moins deux ouvertures 5A, 5B. Dans ce cas, toutefois, les ouvertures 5A, 5B servent indifféremment l'une d'alimentation en air de l'enceinte du caisson et l'autre de sortie d'air de l'enceinte du caisson notamment en fonction du sens de circulation d'air imposé par la turbine 3 pour permettre indifféremment la mise sous dépression ou en surpression de l'enceinte 1C du caisson. Ainsi, le bloc technique peut délimiter, par l'intermédiaire d'une cloison, au moins deux chambres communiquant chacune d'une part avec l'environnement extérieur à l'enceinte par l'intermédiaire d'au moins une ouverture telle que des ouies, d'autre part avec l'atmosphère de l'enceinte par l'intermédiaire d'au moins une ouverture 5A, 5B éventuellement munie de filtres. Dans ce cas, au moins l'une des chambres loge au moins la turbine et éventuellement son alimentation. Cette turbine assure la circulation d'air entre les chambres du bloc technique par passage à travers l'enceinte du caisson. Ainsi, lorsque l'enceinte du caisson doit être placée en dépression, l'ouverture par exemple 5B de l'une des chambres du bloc technique sert d'entrée d'air tandis que l'autre ouverture 5A sert de sortie d'air de l'enceinte. A l'inverse, lors d'un fonctionnement en surpression de l'enceinte, c'est l'ouverture 5A qui sert d'entrée- d'air tandis que l'ouverture 5B sert de sortie d'air. La mise en dépression ou en surpression de l'enceinte est assurée uniquement par l'inversion du sens de soufflage de la turbine 3. Cette inversion peut être obtenue par simple retournement de la turbine 3 à l'intérieur du bloc 2 technique ou par ajout d'une turbine supplémentaire logée à l'intérieur du bloc 2 technique ou encore par inversion du sens de rotation de la turbine.In another embodiment not shown, the technical block 2 always comprises at least two openings 5A, 5B. In this case, however, the openings 5A, 5B serve indifferently one of air supply of the enclosure of the box and the other air outlet of the enclosure of the box in particular according to the direction of circulation of air imposed by the turbine 3 to allow indifferently the setting under vacuum or overpressure of the enclosure 1C of the box. Thus, the technical block may delimit, by means of a partition, at least two chambers each communicating on the one hand with the external environment to the enclosure via at least one opening such as louvers. , on the other hand with the atmosphere of the enclosure through at least one opening 5A, 5B optionally provided with filters. In this case, at least one of the chambers houses at least the turbine and possibly its power supply. This turbine ensures air circulation between the chambers of the technical block by passing through the enclosure of the box. Thus, when the enclosure of the box must be placed in depression, the opening for example 5B of one of the chambers of the technical block serves as air intake while the other opening 5A serves as the air outlet of the enclosure. Conversely, during operation in overpressure of the chamber, it is the opening 5A which serves as an air inlet while the opening 5B serves as an air outlet. The depression or overpressure of the chamber is provided solely by reversing the blowing direction of the turbine 3. This inversion can be obtained by simply turning the turbine 3 inside the technical block 2 or by adding an additional turbine housed inside the technical block 2 or by reversing the direction of rotation of the turbine.

Pour permettre un tel fonctionnement en dépression ou en surpression de l'ensemble en fonction du sens de circulation d'air imposé par la turbine 3, les filtres équipant les ouvertures 5A, 5B de communication du bloc 2 avec l'enceinte 1C du caisson présentent des pertes de charge différenciées. Il est ainsi possible de s'affranchir de tout organe mécanique tel que des vannes d'échappement malgré la possibilité de placer l'enceinte en dépression ou en surpression. Dans ce cas, la circulation s'opère à l'intérieur de l'enceinte 1C placée en dépression ou en surpression par l'intermédiaire du bloc 2 technique qui sert d'interface exclusive entre l'atmosphère de l'enceinte et l'atmosphère extérieure. La communication du bloc technique avec l'atmosphère extérieure s'effectue par l'intermédiaire d'ouies.To allow such operation under vacuum or overpressure of the assembly as a function of the direction of air flow imposed by the turbine 3, the filters equipping the communication openings 5A, 5B of the block 2 with the enclosure 1C of the box differential pressure losses. It is thus possible to dispense with any mechanical member such as exhaust valves despite the possibility of placing the enclosure in depression or overpressure. In this case, the circulation takes place inside the enclosure 1C placed under vacuum or overpressure via the technical block 2 which serves as an exclusive interface between the atmosphere of the enclosure and the atmosphere exterior. The communication of the technical unit with the outside atmosphere is carried out by through the ears.

On note qu'indépendamment du mode de réalisation, les manipulations du bloc technique pour passer d'un mode de fonctionnement à un autre du caisson sont extrêmement simples, le bloc étant reconnecté à au moins une même ouverture de l'enceinte du caisson après passage d'un mode de fonctionnement à un autre.Note that regardless of the embodiment, the manipulations of the technical block to switch from one mode of operation to another of the box are extremely simple, the block being reconnected to at least one and the same opening of the enclosure of the box after passage from one mode of operation to another.

Claims (16)

  1. Portable box (1) for confinement or isolation which delimits an enclosure (1C) with dimensions suitable for accommodating at least one person who is the victim of burns or contamination of any type, the said box (1) consisting of at least two half-shells (1A, 1B) which can be assembled in a sealed manner, at least one (1B) of the half-shells (1A, 1B) being provided, in a predetermined location, with an autonomous technical unit (2) which contains at least one turbine (3) which is connected to a supply (4) inside or outside the said unit (2), characterised in that this technical unit (2) can communicate firstly with the exterior atmosphere, and secondly with the atmosphere of the enclosure (1C) of the box (1), by means of at least two openings (5A, 5B) which can be connected to the said box (1), at least one (5B) of the openings (5A, 5B) in the said technical unit (2) being able to act equally well to supply air to the enclosure of the box, or as an outlet for air from the enclosure (1C) of the box (1), according to the required functioning mode of the said box, in order to permit equally well the creation of low pressure or excess pressure in the enclosure (1C) of the box (1), at least one filter (8A, 8B) being in each case positioned on the path of circulation of the air between the box (1) and the unit (2).
  2. Box (1) according to claim 1, characterised in that the opening (5B) in the unit (2) which can act equally well as an opening to supply air to the enclosure (1C) of the box (1), or as an outlet for air from the enclosure (1C) of the box (1), is connected in the excess pressure mode of the box to a opening (10B) in a half-shell (1B) of the box (1), and constitutes an opening to supply air to the enclosure (1C) of the box (1) whereas in the low-pressure mode of the box (1), it is disconnected from the said opening (10B) in a half-shell (1B) of the box, and constitutes an opening for discharge of air from the box (1).
  3. Box (1) according to one of claims 1 and 2, characterised in that the opening (5B) in the unit (2) which can act equally well as an opening to supply air to the enclosure (1C) of the box (1), or as an outlet for air from the enclosure (1C) of the box (1), can be connected, in a manner such that it can be disconnected, to an opening (10B) provided in a half-shell (1B) of the box (1), directly or by means of a connection, such as an air sleeve (7), which can be at least partially removed, at least one filter (8B) equipping one or the other of the said openings (5B, 10B), and preferably the opening (10B) which is provided in the half-shell (1B) of the box (1).
  4. Box (1) according to one of claims 1 to 3, characterised in that one (5A) of the openings (5A, 5B) in the unit (1) which can communicate with the atmosphere inside the box (1) constitutes exclusively an opening (5A) for discharge of air from the enclosure (1C) of the box (1), irrespective of whether the box (1) is functioning in low-pressure or excess-pressure mode.
  5. Box (1) according to one of claims 1 to 4, characterised in that the technical unit (2) communicates with the exterior atmosphere by means of at least one aperture (6) with an adjustable opening which can be closed, the said aperture (6) being closed in the low-pressure mode of the said box (1).
  6. Box (1) according to claim 1, characterised in that the openings (5A, 5B) in the technical unit (2) act equally well, one of them to supply air to the enclosure of the box, and the other as an outlet for air from the enclosure of the box, according to the direction of circulation of air imposed by the turbine (3), in order to permit equally well the creation of low pressure or excess pressure in the enclosure.
  7. Box (1) according to one of claims 1 to 6, characterised in that one of the half-shells, and preferably the upper half-shell (1B) of the box (1), is provided in a predetermined location with a reserved area (11) for receipt of the autonomous technical unit (2), this technical unit being able to be assembled by means of its openings (5A, 5B) in a sealed manner to openings (10A, 10B) which are provided in the half-shell (1B) which has a reserved area (11).
  8. Box (1) according to one of claims 1 to 7, characterised in that the turbine (3) comprises at least one intake (3A) for admission of air into the turbine (3), and an outlet (3B) for discharge of air from the said turbine (3), the air discharge outlet (3B) co-operating with the delimitation of the opening (5B) in the unit (2) which acts equally well to supply air to the enclosure of the box, or as an outlet for air from the enclosure of the box, whereas the intake (3A) of the turbine is disposed in the chamber provided by the said unit (2), this chamber being provided firstly with at least one opening (5A) which can be connected to the interior atmosphere of the said box in order to constitute the opening for discharge of air from the box, and secondly with an opening (6) which can be closed, and communicates with the exterior atmosphere.
  9. Box (1) according to one of claims 1 to 8, characterised in that the turbine (3) is a turbine with a variable output.
  10. Box (1) according to one of claims 1 to 9, characterised in that the filters (8A, 8B), which equip the openings (5A, 5B) or (10A, 10B) for communication of the unit (2) with the enclosure (1C) of the box, have differentiated load losses.
  11. Box (1) according to one of claims 1 to 10, characterised in that the technical unit (2) is fitted in a detachable manner on one of the half-shells (1A, 1B).
  12. Box (1) according to one of claims 1 to 11, characterised in that the technical unit (2) comprises at least two positions of connection to a single opening (10A) in the enclosure of the box, each position being selected according to the part played by the opening (5B) in the unit (2), which can be used equally well to supply air to the enclosure (1C) of the box, or as an outlet for air from the enclosure (1C) of the box.
  13. Box (1) according to one of claims 1 to 12, characterised in that the technical unit (2) is fitted on the so-called upper half-shell (1B) of the enclosure, at one end of the latter, such as to be positioned, in the closed state of the enclosure, above the location corresponding to that occupied by the feet of the victim.
  14. Box (1) according to one of claims 1 to 13, characterised in that one (5B) of the openings (5A, 5B) for communication of the unit (2) with the enclosure (1C) communicates with the said enclosure by means of an opening (10B) in the enclosure which is provided in a wall of the upper half-shell of the box which extends transversely to the longitudinal axis of the enclosure, such as to form inside the enclosure a flow of air which sweeps the wall of the top of the upper half-shell (1B), this wall of the top of the upper half-shell being provided with a window (12) to display the interior of the enclosure (1C) which is delimited by the box.
  15. Box (1) according to one of claims 1 to 14, characterised in that at least one of the filters (8A, 8B) is pre-fitted on an opening (10A, 10B) in a half-shell (1B) of the box (1), this opening (10A, 10B) being able to be used at least for putting the enclosure (1C) of the box into communication with the technical unit (2).
  16. Box (1) according to one of claims 1 to 15, characterised in that the switching from one functioning mode to another of the box is carried out respectively by simple connection or disconnection of one of the openings (5A, 5B) in the unit (2) to or from the atmosphere of the enclosure of the box, and respectively opening or closure of the communication (6) of the technical unit with the exterior atmosphere.
EP03817618A 2003-06-27 2003-06-27 Novel confinement or isolation box Expired - Lifetime EP1638501B1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
PCT/FR2003/001984 WO2005009315A1 (en) 2003-06-27 2003-06-27 Novel confinement or isolation box

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP1638501A1 EP1638501A1 (en) 2006-03-29
EP1638501B1 true EP1638501B1 (en) 2008-04-16

Family

ID=34089843

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP03817618A Expired - Lifetime EP1638501B1 (en) 2003-06-27 2003-06-27 Novel confinement or isolation box

Country Status (5)

Country Link
EP (1) EP1638501B1 (en)
AT (1) ATE392200T1 (en)
AU (1) AU2003264676A1 (en)
DE (1) DE60320463D1 (en)
WO (1) WO2005009315A1 (en)

Families Citing this family (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN112867705B (en) 2018-04-04 2024-08-20 埃皮欧黛公司 Opioid receptor modulators and products and methods related thereto
TW202304869A (en) 2021-04-05 2023-02-01 美商艾碧奧戴股份有限公司 Opioid receptor modulators

Family Cites Families (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
GB2050841B (en) * 1979-05-25 1983-04-07 Vickers Ltd Enclosure apparatus such as medical isolator
US5975081A (en) * 1996-06-21 1999-11-02 Northrop Grumman Corporation Self-contained transportable life support system
US6321764B1 (en) * 1998-12-21 2001-11-27 Iit Research Institute Collapsible isolation apparatus
US6241653B1 (en) * 1999-07-16 2001-06-05 Isovac Products Llc Isolation apparatus
FR2834219B1 (en) * 2002-01-03 2004-03-12 Applic Technologiques Avancees A NEW TYPE OF CONTAINMENT OR ISOLATION BOX

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
DE60320463D1 (en) 2008-05-29
AU2003264676A1 (en) 2005-02-14
EP1638501A1 (en) 2006-03-29
WO2005009315A1 (en) 2005-02-03
ATE392200T1 (en) 2008-05-15

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