EP1636134A1 - Purification d'un melange h sb 2 /sb /co par catalyse des no sb x /sb - Google Patents
Purification d'un melange h sb 2 /sb /co par catalyse des no sb x /sbInfo
- Publication number
- EP1636134A1 EP1636134A1 EP04767312A EP04767312A EP1636134A1 EP 1636134 A1 EP1636134 A1 EP 1636134A1 EP 04767312 A EP04767312 A EP 04767312A EP 04767312 A EP04767312 A EP 04767312A EP 1636134 A1 EP1636134 A1 EP 1636134A1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- catalyst
- gas
- volume
- nox
- gas stream
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Ceased
Links
Classifications
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D53/00—Separation of gases or vapours; Recovering vapours of volatile solvents from gases; Chemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases, aerosols
- B01D53/34—Chemical or biological purification of waste gases
- B01D53/74—General processes for purification of waste gases; Apparatus or devices specially adapted therefor
- B01D53/86—Catalytic processes
- B01D53/8621—Removing nitrogen compounds
- B01D53/8625—Nitrogen oxides
- B01D53/8628—Processes characterised by a specific catalyst
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C01—INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C01B—NON-METALLIC ELEMENTS; COMPOUNDS THEREOF; METALLOIDS OR COMPOUNDS THEREOF NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASS C01C
- C01B3/00—Hydrogen; Gaseous mixtures containing hydrogen; Separation of hydrogen from mixtures containing it; Purification of hydrogen
- C01B3/50—Separation of hydrogen or hydrogen containing gases from gaseous mixtures, e.g. purification
- C01B3/56—Separation of hydrogen or hydrogen containing gases from gaseous mixtures, e.g. purification by contacting with solids; Regeneration of used solids
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C01—INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C01B—NON-METALLIC ELEMENTS; COMPOUNDS THEREOF; METALLOIDS OR COMPOUNDS THEREOF NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASS C01C
- C01B3/00—Hydrogen; Gaseous mixtures containing hydrogen; Separation of hydrogen from mixtures containing it; Purification of hydrogen
- C01B3/50—Separation of hydrogen or hydrogen containing gases from gaseous mixtures, e.g. purification
- C01B3/56—Separation of hydrogen or hydrogen containing gases from gaseous mixtures, e.g. purification by contacting with solids; Regeneration of used solids
- C01B3/58—Separation of hydrogen or hydrogen containing gases from gaseous mixtures, e.g. purification by contacting with solids; Regeneration of used solids including a catalytic reaction
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- B01J23/00—Catalysts comprising metals or metal oxides or hydroxides, not provided for in group B01J21/00
- B01J23/38—Catalysts comprising metals or metal oxides or hydroxides, not provided for in group B01J21/00 of noble metals
- B01J23/40—Catalysts comprising metals or metal oxides or hydroxides, not provided for in group B01J21/00 of noble metals of the platinum group metals
- B01J23/44—Palladium
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- B01J23/00—Catalysts comprising metals or metal oxides or hydroxides, not provided for in group B01J21/00
- B01J23/70—Catalysts comprising metals or metal oxides or hydroxides, not provided for in group B01J21/00 of the iron group metals or copper
- B01J23/72—Copper
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- B01J23/00—Catalysts comprising metals or metal oxides or hydroxides, not provided for in group B01J21/00
- B01J23/70—Catalysts comprising metals or metal oxides or hydroxides, not provided for in group B01J21/00 of the iron group metals or copper
- B01J23/76—Catalysts comprising metals or metal oxides or hydroxides, not provided for in group B01J21/00 of the iron group metals or copper combined with metals, oxides or hydroxides provided for in groups B01J23/02 - B01J23/36
- B01J23/84—Catalysts comprising metals or metal oxides or hydroxides, not provided for in group B01J21/00 of the iron group metals or copper combined with metals, oxides or hydroxides provided for in groups B01J23/02 - B01J23/36 with arsenic, antimony, bismuth, vanadium, niobium, tantalum, polonium, chromium, molybdenum, tungsten, manganese, technetium or rhenium
- B01J23/85—Chromium, molybdenum or tungsten
- B01J23/86—Chromium
- B01J23/868—Chromium copper and chromium
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C01—INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C01B—NON-METALLIC ELEMENTS; COMPOUNDS THEREOF; METALLOIDS OR COMPOUNDS THEREOF NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASS C01C
- C01B2203/00—Integrated processes for the production of hydrogen or synthesis gas
- C01B2203/04—Integrated processes for the production of hydrogen or synthesis gas containing a purification step for the hydrogen or the synthesis gas
- C01B2203/042—Purification by adsorption on solids
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C01—INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C01B—NON-METALLIC ELEMENTS; COMPOUNDS THEREOF; METALLOIDS OR COMPOUNDS THEREOF NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASS C01C
- C01B2203/00—Integrated processes for the production of hydrogen or synthesis gas
- C01B2203/04—Integrated processes for the production of hydrogen or synthesis gas containing a purification step for the hydrogen or the synthesis gas
- C01B2203/042—Purification by adsorption on solids
- C01B2203/043—Regenerative adsorption process in two or more beds, one for adsorption, the other for regeneration
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C01—INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C01B—NON-METALLIC ELEMENTS; COMPOUNDS THEREOF; METALLOIDS OR COMPOUNDS THEREOF NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASS C01C
- C01B2203/00—Integrated processes for the production of hydrogen or synthesis gas
- C01B2203/04—Integrated processes for the production of hydrogen or synthesis gas containing a purification step for the hydrogen or the synthesis gas
- C01B2203/0435—Catalytic purification
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C01—INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C01B—NON-METALLIC ELEMENTS; COMPOUNDS THEREOF; METALLOIDS OR COMPOUNDS THEREOF NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASS C01C
- C01B2203/00—Integrated processes for the production of hydrogen or synthesis gas
- C01B2203/04—Integrated processes for the production of hydrogen or synthesis gas containing a purification step for the hydrogen or the synthesis gas
- C01B2203/0465—Composition of the impurity
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C01—INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C01B—NON-METALLIC ELEMENTS; COMPOUNDS THEREOF; METALLOIDS OR COMPOUNDS THEREOF NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASS C01C
- C01B2203/00—Integrated processes for the production of hydrogen or synthesis gas
- C01B2203/04—Integrated processes for the production of hydrogen or synthesis gas containing a purification step for the hydrogen or the synthesis gas
- C01B2203/0465—Composition of the impurity
- C01B2203/0495—Composition of the impurity the impurity being water
Definitions
- the invention relates to a method for purifying gas mixtures, in particular gas mixtures containing mainly hydrogen and carbon monoxide, commonly called H2 / CO mixtures or "syngas", and optionally methane (CH 4 ), which are polluted with NOx type impurities.
- gas mixtures containing mainly hydrogen and carbon monoxide commonly called H2 / CO mixtures or "syngas”
- methane CH 4
- H2 / CO gas mixtures can be obtained in several ways, in particular: - by steam or CO2 reforming, by partial oxidation,
- ATR process Auto Thermal Reforming
- gases such as methane or ethane
- the proportion of CO in these H2 / CO mixtures varies depending on the operating conditions, typically between around 5 and 30% by volume.
- the compounds CH4, CO2 and H2O are often part of the mixture and this, in variable proportions.
- an oxo-gas which is a purified H2 / CO mixture enriched in CO (> 45% by volume) usable in the synthesis of butanol.
- a variant relates to the formation of methane, called methanation, as described by GA Mills et al, Catalysis Review, vol. 8, N 0 2, 1973, p. 159 to 210, resulting in the following reaction (II):
- carbon monoxide can also decompose according to the following Boudouard reaction (III): 2 CO -> C + CO 2 (III)
- metals can be used to catalyze the formation of hydrocarbons from CO and H 2 .
- the following metals may be mentioned, for example: Ru, Ir, Rh, Ni, Co, Os, Pt, Fe, Mo, Pd or Ag, as explained by F. Fisher, H. Tropsch and P. Dilthey, Brennst.-Chem , vol. 6, 1925, p. 265.
- the methanol formation reaction is also carried out on many metals, including copper:
- ethylene hydrogenation catalysts which are commonly based on platinum deposited on alumina lead to a Fisher-Tropsch reaction (reaction (I) above), with the formation of hydrocarbons, in particular ethylene which may be more concentrated at the reaction outlet than at the inlet, that is to say in the gas before reaction.
- NOx nitrogen oxides commonly known as NOx.
- NOx include the following compounds: N2O, NO, N2O3, NO2, N2O5.
- the three denier compounds are very reactive and react spontaneously with reducing agents, such as H2 and CO, to form N2, CO2, and H2O.
- the NO and N2O species which are more stable, can be found in the H2 / CO mixture. If this mixture has to be treated in a cold box (cryogenic distillation process), this presence presents a potential danger.
- NOx can, in the presence of traces of O2 and unsaturated hydrocarbons, form products capable of accumulating in cryogenic distillation units and leading to deterioration of these units. It is therefore essential to be able to eliminate them as effectively as possible.
- the fc> ut of the invention is to improve the purification processes of gaseous mixtures, in particular of the H2 / CO type, of the prior art by proposing an effective process intended for purifying a H2 / CO mixture of the impurities NOx it contains, so as to avoid their concentration in cryogenic distillation units.
- the solution of the invention is then a process for purifying a gas stream containing at least one nitrogen oxide (NOx) as impurities, in which the gas stream is brought into contact with at least one catalyst containing copper or palladium, at a temperature between 10O 0 C and 200 0 C, so as to catalyze at least part of the nitrogen oxide.
- NOx nitrogen oxide
- the method of the invention may include one or more of the following technical characteristics: the temperature is between 120 ° C. and 180 ° C. and / or the pressure between 10 and 80 bars, preferably of the order of 40 to 55 bars.
- the gas stream contains hydrogen (H2) and carbon monoxide (CO), and possibly methane (ChU).
- At least one adsorption step is carried out using one or more adsorbents chosen from the group formed by zeolites exchanged or not, activated aluminas, silica gels or their mixtures or combinations.
- the gas stream to be separated contains from 10% by volume to 90% by volume. of H2, from 10% by volume to 90% by volume. CO and possibly methane.
- the catalyst can be protected by at least one guard bed located upstream of said catalyst.
- the guard bed is used to protect the catalyst from chemical species which may be present in the gas, in addition to nitrogen oxides, and which may degrade or reduce the activity of the catalyst, for example mercury (Hg), l arsenic (Asbfo), sulfur species (H2S, thiols, thioethers), halogen compounds (HBr, HCI, organic halides), HCN, carbonyl iron Fe (CO) ⁇ and nickel carbonyl Ni (CO) 4 .
- the guard bed may consist of one or more adsorbents, for example the product PICATOX Cu / Ag from the company PICA.
- the catalyst used in the context of the invention may be in the form of particles with sizes ranging from 0.20 to 1 cm.
- the volume of catalyst to be used depends on the concentration of the impurities to be removed as well as on the properties of the specific products.
- the volumes of adsorbents and catalysts are given for information only because they depend on the concentration of the impurities to be removed as well as on the properties of the specific products. As a general rule, it can be considered that for a given case, the amount of adsorbent to be used is roughly proportional to the amount of pollutant to be removed, while the amount of catalyst is roughly proportional to the contact time or the inverse of the hourly volumetric velocity (VVH) which is the volume of gas to be treated per hour, based on the volume of catalyst.
- VVH hourly volumetric velocity
- the volume of the gas can be related to the inlet pressure of the reactor (the WH then depends on the pressure), or else expressed under defined conditions, at 1 bar and O 0 C for example (the VVH then does not depend on pressure) ; there is latitude in the choice of reference conditions which it is up to each to choose.
- the contact time and the VVH 1 are only approximately proportional since the contact time depends, in addition to the pressure, the temperature along the column, the variation in the number of moles during the reaction and the pressure losses. However, for given reaction conditions, the two parameters can be used as desired.
- Another parameter to take into account is the content of the impurities to be removed at the outlet of the gaseous effluents. Overall, the lower the desired content, the greater the amount of catalyst.
- a H2 / CO gas mixture was brought into contact with catalysts according to the invention, namely a copper (Cu) catalyst and a palladium (Pd) catalyst.
- catalysts according to the invention namely a copper (Cu) catalyst and a palladium (Pd) catalyst.
- the copper-based catalyst is the product referenced 0860T from the company Engelhard.
- the palladium-based catalyst is the product referenced 4586 from the company Engelhard.
- the NOx catalysis was carried out, in each test, at a pressure of 47 bars and at a temperature of approximately 120 to 180 ° C.
- the starting gas contains approximately 80% by volume of H2 and CO, the remainder consisting in particular of methane and the NOx impurities (approximately 0.15% in vol.) Which have to be removed.
- the speed adopted is 5,000 to 2,500 Nm 3 / h / m 3 of catalyst (ie for example 6 to 12 m 3 of catalyst for treating 30,000 Nm 3 / h of gas).
- the preceding table shows that the use of a copper or palladium catalyst makes it possible to efficiently catalyze the NOx into reaction products such as Nhfo, N2, O2 and HbO, which are species which are easier to eliminate subsequently or which are not not a problem for the downstream unit.
- the copper catalyst allows a more efficient removal of NOx (residual quantity after purification ⁇ 10 ppb in each test) than the palladium catalyst, the catalytic activity of the latter can be slightly reduced if the CO content is high.
Landscapes
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
- Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
- Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
- Oil, Petroleum & Natural Gas (AREA)
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Biomedical Technology (AREA)
- General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Analytical Chemistry (AREA)
- Catalysts (AREA)
- Organic Low-Molecular-Weight Compounds And Preparation Thereof (AREA)
- Exhaust Gas Treatment By Means Of Catalyst (AREA)
- Hydrogen, Water And Hydrids (AREA)
- Industrial Gases (AREA)
Abstract
Description
Claims
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
FR0307006A FR2856048B1 (fr) | 2003-06-11 | 2003-06-11 | PURIFICATION D'UN MELANGE H2/CO PAR CATALYSE DES NOx |
PCT/FR2004/001447 WO2004110924A1 (fr) | 2003-06-11 | 2004-06-10 | Purification d’un melange h2/co par catalyse des nox |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
EP1636134A1 true EP1636134A1 (fr) | 2006-03-22 |
Family
ID=33484344
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
EP04767312A Ceased EP1636134A1 (fr) | 2003-06-11 | 2004-06-10 | Purification d'un melange h sb 2 /sb /co par catalyse des no sb x /sb |
Country Status (5)
Country | Link |
---|---|
EP (1) | EP1636134A1 (fr) |
JP (1) | JP2006527297A (fr) |
CN (1) | CN100503427C (fr) |
FR (1) | FR2856048B1 (fr) |
WO (1) | WO2004110924A1 (fr) |
Families Citing this family (4)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
WO2006070018A1 (fr) * | 2004-12-30 | 2006-07-06 | Shell Internationale Research Maatschappij B.V. | Ameliorations relatives a des procedes de conversion de charbon en liquide |
EP2222595B1 (fr) | 2007-11-20 | 2011-07-06 | Shell Internationale Research Maatschappij B.V. | Procédé de production d'un courant de gaz de synthèse purifié |
KR101011830B1 (ko) * | 2009-09-30 | 2011-01-31 | 상명대학교 산학협력단 | 질소산화물 분해용 혼합금속산화물 촉매 |
CN106606927B (zh) * | 2015-10-22 | 2019-08-20 | 中国石油化工股份有限公司 | 蒸汽裂解生产低碳烯烃产生的裂解烟气的脱硝方法及其脱硝系统 |
Family Cites Families (11)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US3564816A (en) * | 1968-12-30 | 1971-02-23 | Union Carbide Corp | Selective adsorption process |
US4117081A (en) * | 1973-05-28 | 1978-09-26 | Hitachi Shipbuilding & Engineering Co., Ltd. | Method of and catalysts for removal of nitrogen oxides |
DE2433479C2 (de) * | 1974-07-12 | 1985-01-10 | Hitachi Shipbuilding & Engineering Co., Ltd., Osaka | Verfahren zur reduktiven Entfernung von Stickstoffoxiden aus Gasen |
JPS54126689A (en) * | 1978-03-27 | 1979-10-02 | Daiyo Sanso | High purity hydrogen gas generating method |
JPS54150387A (en) * | 1978-05-17 | 1979-11-26 | Osaka Soda Co Ltd | Corrosion preventing method for hydrogen gas piping equipment |
JPS6257628A (ja) * | 1985-09-05 | 1987-03-13 | Kobe Steel Ltd | 製鉄所副生ガスの前処理方法 |
JPH034937A (ja) * | 1989-05-31 | 1991-01-10 | Nkk Corp | 有機イオウ分、NOx、ジエン類の分解用触媒 |
JPH04106194A (ja) * | 1990-08-27 | 1992-04-08 | Kawasaki Steel Corp | コークス炉ガスの精製方法 |
US5792436A (en) * | 1996-05-13 | 1998-08-11 | Engelhard Corporation | Method for using a regenerable catalyzed trap |
AU6873100A (en) * | 1999-09-09 | 2001-04-17 | Kubota Corporation | Novel compound and microporous material and method for production thereof |
FR2799991B1 (fr) * | 1999-10-26 | 2002-10-11 | Air Liquide | Procede de production d'hydrogene utilisant un adsorbant carbone a parametres de dubinin selectionnes |
-
2003
- 2003-06-11 FR FR0307006A patent/FR2856048B1/fr not_active Expired - Fee Related
-
2004
- 2004-06-10 WO PCT/FR2004/001447 patent/WO2004110924A1/fr active Application Filing
- 2004-06-10 JP JP2006516281A patent/JP2006527297A/ja active Pending
- 2004-06-10 CN CNB2004800164256A patent/CN100503427C/zh not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 2004-06-10 EP EP04767312A patent/EP1636134A1/fr not_active Ceased
Non-Patent Citations (1)
Title |
---|
See references of WO2004110924A1 * |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
FR2856048A1 (fr) | 2004-12-17 |
WO2004110924A1 (fr) | 2004-12-23 |
FR2856048B1 (fr) | 2005-08-05 |
CN1805900A (zh) | 2006-07-19 |
CN100503427C (zh) | 2009-06-24 |
JP2006527297A (ja) | 2006-11-30 |
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