EP1625268B1 - Device and method for transmitting movement - Google Patents

Description

The present invention relates to a device and a method, in particular for transmitting a movement and corresponding forces or moments and in particular a rotational movement to a lock, wherein the transmission takes place only in a coupled state, but not in a decoupled state.

Such devices and methods are used in particular in the field of closure devices, such as door locks or vault locks and the like, and are disclosed, for example, in US Pat. No. 6,116,664, in US Pat. No. 5,826,450 or in DE -C-19,639,545.

DE-C-37 42 189 discloses a lock cylinder, the clutch connected to the cam on the one hand can be brought into engagement with a knob shaft. To make such a lock cylinder easier and to achieve better protection against unauthorized use of the lock cylinder, it is proposed that the knob shaft is surrounded by a locking sleeve which is axially displaceable by the clutch and locked in certain positions.

EP-A-1 072 741 discloses a lock cylinder, in particular an electronic lock cylinder with electromechanical blocking of rotation, the electronic key having opposed electrical contacts on the shaft and the rotatable core of the lock cylinder having an annular outer electrical contact track resting on its inside is in communication with an electrical contact, which bears against the contact, while the outer annular contact path bears against electrical sliding contacts of the outer and inner rotor.

EP-A-0 743 411 discloses a locking device, the key of the locking device having a transponder-shaped code transmitter. In the cylinder housing of the lock cylinder of the locking device, an actuator, a transponder reading device and a power supply device are arranged. The actuator serves to displace a locking member which locks or releases the cylinder core and which acts on the circumference of the cylinder core.

EP-A-1 079 050 discloses a locking device with a locking cam lockable by a locking mechanism, wherein a clutch is disposed between the locking mechanism and the locking bit. The coupling can only be separated from one side of the closing device. As a result, the locking device should be unlocked from this side without access authorization for the locking mechanism.

In EP-B-0 805 905 there is disclosed a door closing mechanism comprising a shaft, a shaft rotating actuator, a locking member operatively connected to the shaft for locking the door, and a coupling member disposed in the actuator responsive to rotation the shaft acts. Furthermore, the coupling element has a pin that can be moved axially back and forth relative to the shaft and that can be moved back and forth by means of a spindle which is rotatable by means of an electronic control via a spindle with a locking element arranged independently of the actuating element, in order either to rotate the freely rotatable actuating member on the shaft To transmit shaft or allow in the case of a non-rotatably connected to the shaft actuator only a small rotation of the shaft connected to the actuator. Further, a cam is integrally formed on the pin and clamped a coil spring as an energy storage between the cam and the spindle of the electric motor and provided on the front side of the actuator contact disc, via which the electronic control of an electronic information carrier is controlled by data exchange.

Such known devices and methods prove to be disadvantageous in that the coupling or blocking element can be switched only with a relatively high energy requirement that forces acting on the coupling element in the coupled as in the decoupled state cause a load on the blocking element and / or that a load the coupling element or the locking element on the drive or actuator is transmitted. This can result in addition to the already mentioned higher energy demand for switching the clutch higher wear and reduced reliability and / or manipulation security in particular by an unreliable leaving the coupled state in the no-load condition.

It is therefore an object of the present invention to overcome the disadvantages of the prior art. Further and / or additional objects of the invention are to provide a device for transmitting a movement and corresponding forces or moments that can be switched with very low energy requirements, which can be switched with a bistable actuator, the disengage a safe with bistable actuator guaranteed and / or has a high security against manipulation. This object (s) is / are solved with the features of the claims.

The invention is based on the basic idea to provide a device for transmitting a movement and corresponding forces and moments having a drive and an output, wherein drive and output are verkuppelt via at least one coupling element such that at least one coupling element in a relative movement However, it is unable to transmit the movement of the drive to the output, since its mechanical potential or its resistance to a certain movement or a certain movement or section is not overcome can be. In particular, drive and output via the at least one coupling element are verkuppelt such that in the decoupled state, a movement of the drive causes a movement of at least one coupling element which is not suitable to transmit a movement of the drive to the output.

In the coupled state, the coupling is preferably achieved by the coupling element is prevented from the movement, which is caused by the relative movement between the drive and output. Preferably, drive and output are coupled via the coupling element such that when uncoupled state rotational movement of the drive causes a substantially axial and / or radial movement of the coupling element and that a rotational movement of the drive in the coupled state substantially causes a rotational movement of the coupling element. in this connection causes an axial and / or radial movement of the coupling element preferably substantially no movement of the output, wherein a rotational movement of the coupling element preferably causes a substantially rotational movement of the output. According to a further or additional embodiment, drive and output via the coupling element are preferably coupled such that when uncoupled state, a rotational movement of the drive essentially causes a rotational and an axial and / or radial movement of the coupling element and that a rotational movement of the drive in the coupled state in Essentially causes a rotational movement of the coupling element. In this case, a rotational and an axial and / or radial movement of the coupling element preferably cause substantially no movement of the output, wherein a rotational movement, preferably a substantially exclusive rotational movement of the coupling element preferably causes substantially a rotational movement of the output. According to a further embodiment, the drive and output are moved substantially linearly and are preferably coupled via the coupling element such that when uncoupled a movement of the drive causes an orthogonal movement component or a substantially orthogonal movement of the coupling element and that movement of the drive in the coupled state substantially causes a same direction movement of the coupling element.

A device according to the invention preferably further comprises a coupling device which can effect a coupling and a decoupling of the drive with the output via the at least one coupling element. In a preferred embodiment, the coupling device is not in the decoupled state substantially with the / the coupling element / s engaged. Further, the coupling device preferably causes in the coupled state, a restriction of the mobility, in particular the axial and / or radial or to the movement of the input or output orthogonal mobility of the coupling element. In a preferred embodiment, the coupling device has at least one coupling locking device for limiting the axial and / or radial movement or orthogonal movement of the coupling element in the coupled state, at least one actuator for positioning the coupling locking device and / or at least one memory element. or resistance device for positioning the clutch locking device and / or for Store position information of the clutch lock device on. In the case of a rotary or rotational movement, a movement that is orthogonal to this movement is to be understood as an axial and / or radial movement relative to this rotational movement.

The coupling device is preferably designed in such a way that the actuator is suitable for effecting a movement or positioning of at least one coupling locking device, e.g. a coupling stopper, against a resistance of a memory device, for example via a mechanical potential, e.g. a spring or magnetic force, away in a position suitable for coupling effect. In a preferred embodiment, the actuator is mechanically and / or electrically and / or electromagnetically actuated. Preferably, the actuator is battery powered. In a further preferred embodiment, the actuator is pulse-controlled and / or bistable. Furthermore, the actuator can also have at least one electromagnet for actuating a clutch locking device.

In a preferred embodiment, coupling element and coupling device are designed such that the clutch can disengage only when a force between input and output falls below a certain minimum value and the actuator is in a rest position or a decoupled state corresponding position.

According to a preferred embodiment, the drive / output via at least one first guide means communicates with at least one coupling element. This is preferably designed so that a relative rotation between the coupling element and drive / output preferably causes a substantially axial and / or radial movement of the coupling element relative to the drive / output.

The drive / output is thus connected via at least one first guide means with at least one coupling element in connection. Furthermore, the coupling element is preferably connected to the output / drive via at least one second guide device. The second guide device is preferably formed substantially parallel with respect to an axial and / or radial direction of movement of the coupling element or a longitudinal axis of the device or substantially causes a correspondingly parallel guide. Preferably, the at least one second Guiding device of the coupling element designed such that a torque on the coupling element, a torque on the output / drive, but not exerts an axial force.

According to a further preferred embodiment, in which the drive and output are moved substantially linearly, the drive / output is connected via at least one first guide device with at least one coupling element in connection. This is preferably designed so that a relative linear movement between the coupling element and drive / output preferably causes a thereto orthogonal movement component of the coupling element.

The drive / output is thus connected via at least one first guide means with at least one coupling element in connection. Furthermore, the coupling element is preferably connected to the output / drive via at least one second guide device. The second guide device is preferably designed such that a force in the linear direction of movement on the coupling element substantially exerts a force in the same direction on the output / drive, but substantially no force orthogonal thereto.

The output preferably has a first resistance or a first mechanical potential, which has to be overcome to rotate it. According to a preferred embodiment, this is effected via at least one resistance or potential arrangement, which opposes a resistance or a potential via a third guide device during a movement of the output at least in partial regions of the course of motion. According to a preferred embodiment, the resistance or potential arrangement is designed as a spring arrangement which is at least partially tensioned during a movement of the output at least in partial regions of the movement sequence. In a further embodiment, the mechanical potential to be overcome for moving the output essentially acts on the coupling element, e.g. via a potential arrangement or torsion spring.

A movement of the drive causes now at least in some areas of the movement of a displacement of the coupling element in orthogonal thereto Directions, when the mechanical potential to be overcome at the output is greater than that required for the displacement of the coupling element. That is, the coupling member is reciprocated at a rotation of the drive, but can not cause any movement of the output, since it can not overcome its mechanical potential.

Preferably, at least one coupling locking device or a coupling locking element can be moved via an actuator (for example an electric motor and / or an electromagnet arrangement) into the engagement region of the coupling element such that it can be moved in its axial and / or radial or for movement of the coupling element. or output orthogonal movement is prevented. The mechanical interaction between the coupling element and the coupling locking element is preferably designed so that the coupling element is not prevented from transmitting the useful movement.

Via the second guide arrangement, the movement of the coupling element is now transmitted to the output, whereby the potential, for example the effect of the potential arrangement, can be overcome.

Furthermore, the device preferably has a further, second resistance or a further, second mechanical potential which has to be overcome at least in partial areas of a relative movement sequence between drive and output. This mechanical potential is smaller than the first mechanical potential, which must be overcome to move the output. Preferably, this mechanical potential further causes the clutch device (s) when occupying a certain torque on the drive occupies a position or position that allows a substantially powerless movement of the clutch lock device and the Kupplungssperrelements in and out of the engagement area.

In particular, the interaction between the coupling locking elements and coupling elements can be designed so that the force effects caused by the coupling element a tendency to move in the direction of stronger or safer engagement, so that at first partial engagement at the beginning of the force subsequently a more reliable position is taken.

According to a preferred embodiment, the coupling element is moved under pulse control, which is particularly preferred in battery-powered application. In this case, input or output are preferably brought into appropriate positions via corresponding spring mechanisms in the idle state. The coupling between the actuator and the coupling locking device or coupling locking element is preferably carried out via a spring element, so that, for example, a once given electrical pulse is mechanically stored on the actuator until the coupling element is in a suitable position. This applies to the engagement and / or disengagement. This ensures in particular that the desired state is assumed independently of the mechanical status.

The coupling device is designed tamper-proof according to preferred embodiments. Preferably, the coupling device is formed shockproof. This can preferably be achieved by carrying out the essential directions of movement of the coupling device substantially orthogonally to the expected impact directions. Another preferred embodiment provides counter-moments that compensate for the forces caused by the impact.

According to a method according to the invention, in particular for the detachable transmission of a movement and corresponding forces and moments, a formation and / or arrangement of corresponding elements and / or their movement, as described in connection with the discussion of the devices according to the invention, as well as the transmission or coupling of a movement and corresponding forces and moments by means of a device according to the invention.

Advantageous is the use in closing devices or closing mechanisms, in particular electrical and / or controlled by transponders closing devices. In particular, an electronic position determination of the coupling locking element is possible, based on which the actuator control can take place.

Hereinafter, a device according to the invention and a method according to the invention will be described in more detail with reference to preferred embodiments with reference to the drawings.

Fig. 1

eine teilgeschnittene Seitenansicht einer erfindungsgemäßen Vorrichtung, wobei

Fig. 1a

eine Seitenansicht der erfindungsgemäßen Vorrichtung ohne Krafteinwirkung am Antrieb bzw. Abtrieb darstellt;

Fig. 1b

die erfindungsgemäße Vorrichtung im entkuppelten Zustand, bei Drehung des Antriebs, darstellt;

Fig. 1c

die erfindungsgemäße Vorrichtung im gekuppelten Zustand, bei Drehung des Antriebs, darstellt; und

Fig. 2

eine weitere bevorzugte Ausführungsform der erfindungsgemäßen Vorrichtung, wobei

Fig. 2a

eine teilgeschnittene Seitenansicht der erfindungsgemäßen Vorrichtung ohne Krafteinwirkung am Antrieb darstellt;

Fig. 2b

eine Schnittansicht A-A des Kupplungselements darstellt, und

Fig. 2c

eine Schnittansicht B-B des Abtriebs darstellt; und

Fig. 3

eine weitere bevorzugte Ausführungsform einer Kuppeleinrichtung zur Verwendung mit einer erfindungsgemäßen Vorrichtung bzw. einem erfindungsgemäßen Verfahren, und

Fig. 4

eine weitere bevorzugte Ausführungsform der erfindungsgemäßen Vorrichtung , wobei

Fig. 4a

eine Schnittansicht A-A der erfindungsgemäßen Vorrichtung im gekuppelten Zustand, bei Drehung des Antriebs, darstellt;

Fig. 4b

eine Schnittansicht C-C der erfindungsgemäßen Vorrichtung im gekuppelten Zustand, bei Drehung des Antriebs, darstellt;

Fig. 4c

eine Schnittansicht B-B der erfindungsgemäßen Vorrichtung im entkuppelten Zustand, bei Drehung des Antriebs, darstellt; und

Fig. 4d

eine Schnittansicht B-B der erfindungsgemäßen Vorrichtung im gekuppelten Zustand, bei Drehung des Antriebs, darstellt; und

Fig. 5

eine weitere bevorzugte Ausführungsform der erfindungsgemäßen Vorrichtung, wobei

Fig. 5a

eine Schnittansicht B-B der erfindungsgemäßen Vorrichtung im entkuppelten Zustand, bei Drehung des Antriebs, darstellt; und

Fig. 5b

eine Schnittansicht B-B der erfindungsgemäßen Vorrichtung im gekuppelten Zustand, bei Drehung des Antriebs, darstellt; und wobei

Fig. 6

eine weitere bevorzugte Ausführungsform der erfindungsgemäßen Vorrichtung, wobei

Fig. 6a

eine Schnittansicht B-B der erfindungsgemäßen Vorrichtung im entkuppelten Zustand, bei Drehung des Antriebs, darstellt; und

Fig. 6b

eine Schnittansicht B-B der erfindungsgemäßen Vorrichtung im gekuppelten Zustand, bei Drehung des Antriebs, darstellt.

Show it:

Fig. 1

a partially sectioned side view of a device according to the invention, wherein

Fig. 1a

a side view of the device according to the invention without force on the drive or output represents;

Fig. 1b

the device according to the invention in the uncoupled state, upon rotation of the drive, represents;

Fig. 1c

the device according to the invention in the coupled state, upon rotation of the drive, represents; and

Fig. 2

a further preferred embodiment of the device according to the invention, wherein

Fig. 2a

a partially sectioned side view of the device according to the invention without force acting on the drive;

Fig. 2b

a sectional view AA of the coupling element, and

Fig. 2c

a sectional view BB of the output represents; and

Fig. 3

a further preferred embodiment of a coupling device for use with a device according to the invention or a method according to the invention, and

Fig. 4

a further preferred embodiment of the device according to the invention, wherein

Fig. 4a

a sectional view AA of the device according to the invention in the coupled state, upon rotation of the drive, represents;

Fig. 4b

a sectional view CC of the device according to the invention in the coupled state, upon rotation of the drive, represents;

Fig. 4c

a sectional view BB of the device according to the invention in the uncoupled state, upon rotation of the drive, represents; and

Fig. 4d

a sectional view BB of the device according to the invention in the coupled state, upon rotation of the drive, represents; and

Fig. 5

a further preferred embodiment of the device according to the invention, wherein

Fig. 5a

a sectional view BB of the device according to the invention in the uncoupled state, upon rotation of the drive, represents; and

Fig. 5b

a sectional view BB of the device according to the invention in the coupled state, upon rotation of the drive, represents; and where

Fig. 6

a further preferred embodiment of the device according to the invention, wherein

Fig. 6a

a sectional view BB of the device according to the invention in the uncoupled state, upon rotation of the drive, represents; and

Fig. 6b

a sectional view BB of the device according to the invention in the coupled state, upon rotation of the drive represents.

Fig. 1 shows a preferred device 1 according to the invention for transmitting a movement and corresponding forces and moments, wherein the device 1 a Drive 2 and an output 3 has. Drive 2 and output 3 are connected via a coupling element 4 with each other or are verkuppelt by this. Here, coupling element 4 and drive 2 and output 3 are designed such that in the uncoupled state, a relative movement between the drive 2 and output 3, a movement of the coupling element 4 is effected, which is not suitable to transmit a movement of the drive 2 to the output 3.

For this purpose, the coupling element 4 preferably has at least one part of a first and / or second guide device, namely at least one first and at least one second sliding surface, each having at least one part of the first guide device arranged on the drive, namely at least one first sliding element , And at least one arranged on the output 3 part of the second guide means, namely at least one second sliding element 8, communicate. In this case, they are sliding surfaces 5 and 6 and the sliding elements 7 and 8 preferably designed and / or arranged such that in the uncoupled state, a rotational movement of the drive 2 causes a substantially axial movement of the coupling element 4, wherein the axial movement of the coupling element 4 in Essentially causes no movement of the output 3. Furthermore, a rotational movement of the drive 2 in the coupled state preferably essentially causes a rotational movement of the coupling element 4, which in turn preferably essentially causes a rotational movement of the output 3.

For this purpose, the at least one first sliding surface 5 is preferably inclined with respect to an axial direction of movement of the coupling element 4. In a further preferred embodiment, the at least one first sliding surface 5 is inclined with respect to a longitudinal axis of the device 1. Furthermore, the at least one first sliding surface 5 preferably has at least partially one or more radii. In a preferred embodiment, as shown in Fig. 1, the at least one first sliding surface 5 is formed in the form of a radii provided with indentation. Preferably, the radius and / or slope of the at least one first sliding surface 5 changes along its length in order to effect a defined movement and / or force or torque transmission when sliding and / or abutting the at least one first sliding element 7 on the first sliding surface 5 ,

The at least one first sliding element 7 is preferably arranged on the drive 2 such that, when it is rotated, it essentially moves in a plane approximately perpendicular to an axial movement direction of the coupling element 4 or a longitudinal axis of the device. In this case, it preferably rests on and / or slides against at least one first sliding surface 5 of the coupling element 4.

The at least one second sliding surface 6 arranged on the coupling element 4 for contact with the at least one second sliding element 8 arranged on the output 3 is preferably formed substantially parallel with respect to an axial direction of movement of the coupling element 4 or a longitudinal axis of the device 1. The at least one second sliding element 8 is preferably arranged such that upon rotation of the coupling element 4 or of the output 3 substantially on an axial direction of movement of the coupling element 4 relative to a rotation axis of the output 3 and / or to a longitudinal axis of the device 1 vertical plane is moved, wherein it rests on at least one second sliding surface 6 and / or slides on this.

In a preferred embodiment, the at least one second sliding surface 6 is formed by a recess arranged in the coupling element 4, more preferably by a substantially rectangular recess, as shown in Fig. 1.

In a preferred embodiment, sliding surfaces and sliding elements or their arrangement are arranged reversed to the drive, output and coupling element.

The illustrated embodiment further comprises a clutch spring 9, which is arranged between the coupling element 4 and output 3, wherein it biases the coupling element 4 relative to the drive and / or the output 3. Preferably, the clutch spring 9 presses the coupling element 4 or at least one first sliding surface 5 against at least one first sliding element 7.

According to a further preferred embodiment, the output 3 has at least one part of a third guide device with at least one third sliding surface 10. The at least one third sliding surface 10 is preferably relative to a rotational axis of the Abtriebs 3, an axial direction of movement of the coupling element 4 and / or a longitudinal axis of the device 1 is inclined or bevelled. According to further or additional preferred embodiments of the at least one third sliding surface 10, reference is made to the discussion of the at least one first sliding surface 5.

The device 1 further preferably has at least one part of the third guide device, namely at least one third sliding element 11 for contact with at least one third sliding surface 10 arranged on the drive 3. The at least one third sliding element 11 is preferably arranged on a guide 12, wherein at least one third sliding element 11 is preferably arranged in a guide groove formed in the guide 12. According to a preferred embodiment, the guide 12 or the guide groove 13 prevents a displacement of the at least one third sliding element 11 along an axis of rotation of the output 3, the axial direction of movement of the coupling element 4 and / or to a longitudinal axis of the device 1 in approximately vertical plane. Particularly preferably, the guide 12 or the guide groove 13 merely ensures a displacement of the at least one third sliding element 11 along an axis of rotation of the output 3, an axial direction of movement of the coupling element 4 and / or a longitudinal axis of the device 1. Furthermore, the device 1 preferably has one the guide 12 arranged potential spring 14 which causes a bias at least one third sliding member 11 relative to the output 3. According to a preferred embodiment, as shown in Fig. 1, at least a third sliding member 11 is arranged in contact with at least one third sliding surface 10, wherein it is biased relative to this by the potential spring 14. Here, the potential spring 14 presses the sliding member 11 against the sliding surface 10. Such an arrangement causes a mechanical potential of the output, which must be overcome for rotation of the same.

According to further preferred embodiments, guide 12, potential spring 14 and third sliding surface (s) 10 are preferably arranged substantially perpendicular to a rotation axis of the output 3, an axial direction of movement of the coupling element 4 and / or a longitudinal axis of the device 1. As a result, with the same effect, a reduction of the axial length of the device can be achieved.

Furthermore, the device preferably has a coupling device or a coupling mechanism 15 which, in a preferred embodiment as shown in FIG. 1, has an actuator 16, a coupling blocking device or a coupling blocking element 17 and a storage or resistance device, in this case clutch locking spring 18.

The coupling device 15 is preferably designed or arranged such that the coupling locking element 17 can occupy substantially two positions, one position causing a non-coupled state of the device 1 (FIG. 1a, FIG. 1b) and another position being a coupled state the device causes (Fig. 1c). Thus, the coupling device 15 can cause a coupling and a decoupling of the drive 2 with the output 3 by means of the coupling element 4. Here, the respective state of the position of the coupling device 15 is dependent.

The coupling device 15 is preferably designed such that the coupling locking device or the coupling locking element 17 is not engaged with the coupling element 4 in the uncoupled state and wherein the coupling device 15 and the coupling locking element 17 is arranged in the coupled state to the coupling element 4 such that a restriction the mobility of the coupling element 4 is effected. According to a preferred embodiment, the coupling element 4 at least one coupling portion 19, which is preferably designed as a projection and particularly preferably as a circumferential projection. To produce a coupled state, the coupling locking element 17 is arranged by the actuator 16 to the coupling element 4 such that it essentially restricts or prevents axial mobility of the coupling element 4. Particularly preferably, the coupling device 15 or the coupling locking element 17 prevents axial movement of the coupling element 4 by engagement with at least one coupling section 19.

The coupling device 15 is preferably designed such that the actuator 16, the coupling locking element 17 is positioned against the coupling lock spring 18 in the position suitable for coupling. Here, the coupling device 15 is preferably designed such that the device 1 without energy, ie in particular without Action of the actuator 16, in the decoupled state. Preferably, the clutch lock spring 18 causes in the otherwise unloaded condition, a positioning of the coupling locking element 17 in the uncoupled position. By actuating the actuator, the coupling locking element can now be brought against the spring force of the coupling lock spring 18 in the position suitable for coupling. For this purpose, the coupling locking element 17 is preferably moved into the engagement region of the coupling element 4 and a coupling portion 19. In a preferred embodiment, as shown in Fig. 1, the actuator is designed as an electric motor, which preferably has an eccentric disc 20 through which a displacement of the coupling locking element 17 is effected upon rotation of the actuator. Here, a movement of the coupling locking element 17 by the actuator only in the case of a change in state from the decoupled in the coupled state is necessary. The change from the coupled to the decoupled state takes place here by the spring force of the clutch lock spring 18. As an alternative to the electric motor is also conceivable that the actuator 16 is formed as an electromagnet arrangement, comparable to the electromagnet arrangement as shown in Fig. 4, in the further described in detail.

For a more detailed description of the effect of the coupled or uncoupled state of the device, reference is made in particular to FIGS. 1b and 1c. If the device 1 is in the decoupled state (FIG. 1 b), a relative movement between drive 2 and output 3, shown here a rotation of the drive 2, does not cause any movement of the output 3, in particular since its mechanical potential can not be overcome. The drive 2 is connected via a first sliding member 7 and a first sliding surface 5 with the coupling element 4 in connection. If now takes place a rotational movement of the drive 2, this causes due to the tapered sliding surface of the coupling element 4 whose displacement in the axial direction against the force of the clutch spring 9. In this case, an axial and a radial force component is transmitted to the coupling element 4 via the at least one first sliding member 7 , Here, the axial component causes a displacement of the coupling element in the direction shown by the arrow X direction. Such a displacement of the coupling element 4 causes no transmission of motion to the output 3, since the arranged at the output 3 at least a second sliding element 8 abuts on the substantially parallel to the axial direction of movement of the coupling element 4 arranged second sliding surfaces 6, wherein these in the longitudinal direction no movement or force on the at least one second sliding element 8 transmitted to the output 3. In practical application, by the inclination of the at least one first sliding surface, a radial force continues to act on the coupling element 4, which causes a torque on the coupling element 4. As a result, the coupling element 4 is trying to rotate about its axial displacement direction, wherein at least one of the second sliding surfaces 6 acts on at least one second sliding member 8 so that a, perpendicular in the representation, force acts on the second sliding member 8 and a torque is transmitted to the output 3. However, the transmitting torque is so low that it is unable to overcome the mechanical potential of the output 3, which is directed against a rotational movement of the same. Accordingly, the coupling element 4 is moved in the uncoupled state by a rotation of the drive 2 in the axial direction, provided that caused by the rotation of the drive 2, acting on the coupling element 4 force is greater than that opposed by the coupling spring 9 of the axial displacement of the coupling element 4 Force, but with no rotational movement of the output is effected, since its mechanical potential can not be overcome.

Now, when the device is coupled, that is, the coupling locking element 17 is moved via the eccentric 20 of the actuator 16 against the force of the coupling lock spring 18 in the engagement region of the coupling element 4, it prevents axial movement of the coupling element 4 by engagement with the coupling element 4 and with the coupling portion 19. Now takes place a rotation of the drive 2, prevents the coupling locking element 17, the coupling element 4 at an axial displacement, but not on a rotation, so that the rotation of the drive 2 via at least a first sliding member 7 and at least one inclined sliding surface 5 in a rotational movement of the coupling element 4 is transmitted. The prevention of an axial movement of the coupling element 4 thus substantially prevents sliding of a sliding element 7 along a sliding surface 5, so that the rotational movement of the drive 2 is transmitted to the coupling element 4 (FIG. 1c). The rotational movement of the drive 2 is now transmitted to the output 3 via the coupling element 4 or sliding element 7, sliding surface 5, sliding surface 6 and sliding element 8. Since the torque introduced for the rotational movement of the drive 2 is not converted into an axial displacement of the coupling element 4, but is transmitted to the output 3 via the coupling element 4 is, the effect or the resistance of the potential arrangement can be overcome and thus carried out a rotation of the output 3. The coupling locking element 17 thus prevents or hinders an axial movement of the coupling element 4, but does not hinder or hinder this from rotating, since the axial counterforce is transmitted via the sliding surface 5.

In a preferred embodiment, the coupling locking element 17 and / or the coupling element 4 and the coupling portion 19 is formed so that force effects caused by the coupling element 4 on the coupling locking element 17, a discharge of the actuator. Here, the contact surfaces of the coupling locking element 17 and coupling element 4 or coupling portion 19 are preferably beveled such that an axial force of the coupling element 4 on the coupling locking element 17 causes a tendency of the Kupplungssperrelements movement tendency toward stronger or safer engagement, so that only partial engagement to At the beginning of the force action in any case, or a substantially more reliable position is taken and further locking the Kupplungssperrelements 17 is ensured in the coupled position and its return to the uncoupled position is prevented, as long as the torque from the drive to the output is transmitted, does not fall below a certain value. The contact surfaces of the coupling locking element 17 and the coupling element 4 and the coupling portion 19 have in further preferred embodiments further, differing from the illustrated surface geometries, training, but they fulfill the functions described above.

After the rotation of the drive 2 and the displacement of the coupling element 4 effect clutch spring 9 and / or potential spring 14 preferably a provision of the individual elements, ie drive 2, coupling element 4 and / or output 3, in the starting position (see Fig .. 1a). As shown in Fig. 1, in a preferred embodiment, drive 2, output 3 and guide 12 and coupling device 15 are mounted such that an axial displacement, ie in the direction or against the direction of the arrow X in Fig. 1b prevented or substantially limited becomes.

In preferred embodiments, the first, second and third sliding elements 7, 8, 11 and the first, second and third sliding surfaces 5, 6, 10 are arranged outside the axis of rotation of the device 1. According to a further preferred embodiment, drive 2, coupling element 4, output 3 and / or guide 12 are substantially symmetrical and / or rotationally symmetrical. According to a further embodiment of the invention, the actuator 16 is battery-operated and pulse-controlled according to a further or additional embodiment. According to a further embodiment, the actuator of the described deviating, suitable for the fulfillment of the described function training.

In a further embodiment of the device according to the invention, as shown in Fig. 2 or Fig. 2a-2c, a mechanical potential, which must be overcome for the movement of the output, acts on the coupling element 4 with a spring element 21, e.g. a torsion spring or a potential arrangement. This embodiment differs from the embodiment shown in FIG. 1 or FIG. 1a-1c in that the output 3 does not necessarily have to have its own mechanical potential, since this is introduced essentially via the torsion spring 21 onto the coupling element. The rotation angle of the output 3 can be limited by its interaction with a stop 22, wherein Fig. 2c represents the rest position.

In the uncoupled state, the coupling element 4, as described above, is moved by rotation of the drive 2 in the axial direction, provided that caused by the rotation of the drive 2, acting on the coupling element 4 force is greater than that through the clutch spring 9 of the axial Displacement of the coupling element 4 opposing force. However, a rotational movement of the output 3 is not effected, since the mechanical potential of the coupling element 4 generated by the spring element 21 can not be overcome.

In the coupled state, however, causes, as described above, a rotational movement of the drive 2, preferably substantially a rotational movement of the coupling element 4, which is transmitted to the output 3, since the introduced by the torsion spring 21 mechanical potential can now be overcome.

Fig. 3 shows a further preferred embodiment of a coupling device 15 for use with a device, for example a device as shown in Fig. 1 or Fig. 2 and described above. At this point, therefore, only the differently designed for the embodiment described above features will be discussed. Fig. 3 shows a coupling device 15, for coupling a coupling element 4, with an actuator 16, an eccentric 20, a coupling locking device or a coupling locking element 17 and a storage or resistance device, here clutch lock spring 18. Fig. 3a shows the actuator 16 and Eccentric 20 in neutral or decoupled position, the clutch locking element 17 is also in uncoupled position. Fig. 3b shows the actuator 16 in the coupled position, wherein a coupling of the coupling locking element 17 is prevented by the position of the coupling element 4. In this case, the position information or the positioning energy for the positioning of the coupling locking member 17 in the coupled position in the clutch lock spring 18 is stored. When the coupling member 4 moves to a position allowing engagement, as seen in Fig. 3c, the clutch lock spring 18 positions the clutch lock member 17 in the coupled position by the stored energy. The position of the actuator 16 remains unchanged. Conversely, Fig. 3d shows the coupling locking element 17 in the coupled position, ie in engagement with the coupling element 4, wherein the actuator 16 is in neutral or decoupled position. Also in this case, the position information or the positioning energy for the positioning of the coupling locking member 17 is stored in the clutch lock spring 18. Now moves the coupling element 4 in a decoupling permitting position, the clutch lock spring 18 positions the clutch locking element 17 by the stored energy in the neutral or decoupled position, as shown in Fig. 2a.

As is apparent from the embodiments described above, the devices according to the invention are preferably designed tamper-proof. An additional security against manipulation continues to be achieved, for example, and preferably by the fact that the coupling locking element 17 is supported in the direction of the device longitudinal axis and arranged vertically and that the actuator 16 is arranged transversely to the device longitudinal axis. By such an arrangement acts in a blow or shock in the longitudinal direction of the device, such as when used as a closing device in a strike against the same, no or only one low force on the actuator 16, which would be suitable for an adjustment thereof and no or only a small force in the coupling or uncoupling of the coupling locking element 17th

According to a further preferred embodiment, the device or method are designed such that an axial and / or radial movement of the drive via a corresponding arrangement of the individual elements, an axial and / or radial movement of the output causes, wherein the movement of the drive the output by at least one coupling element can be coupled accordingly. Further preferred embodiments result from a combination of various preferred embodiments. Furthermore, a plurality of devices connected to each other, for example, arranged in succession, be or have one or more drives, outputs, coupling elements, guide devices, coupling devices, etc., which communicate with each other and in connection or operative connection.

Further preferred embodiments couple translational instead of rotational movements.

According to a method according to the invention, a transmission of a movement and corresponding forces and moments in accordance with the described operation of a device according to the invention and in a further preferred method using a device according to the invention.

Another device according to the invention is shown in Fig. 4 and Fig. 4a-4d. There, the coupling element 4 consists of several elements 23, for example in the form of rolls, these are guided in the drive 2 so that they move substantially only in the radial direction relative thereto, such as. shown in Figs. 4a and 4b.

In Fig. 4a, 4c, 4d and in the later still to be explained Fig. 5a, 5b, 6a and 6b, it should be noted that the coupling element in the form of a roller 23 is shown as a section, but above the actual cutting plane, for better representation. Further, the sections are designed for clarity only as a thin layer.

In the view in FIG. 4 a, the actuator in the form of an electromagnet has furthermore been omitted for reasons of clarity. Furthermore, no mechanical potential is shown in FIGS. 4, 5 and 6 on the drive for reasons of clarity.

The rollers 23 are connected via a spring element 24, e.g. consisting of a leg spring, pressed outward to the output 3. The output 3 is designed such that the rollers or roller elements 23 preferably run over radially inwardly formed elevations 25 on the output 3 and thus have to yield inward in a relative movement between drive 2 and output 3, wherein they must overcome the potential of the spring element 24. However, the rollers are not able to overcome the mechanical potential of the output 3, so that in the uncoupled state with a rotation of the drive 2 is substantially no rotation of the output 3, as its mechanical potential is not overcome. For reasons of simplification, the mechanical potential of the output 3 is not shown in FIGS. 4a-4d.

Furthermore, the device as a coupling mechanism 15, an actuator 16 with an electromagnet assembly, a rotatable coupling locking element 17 with a coupling lock spring 18, and a switching element 30 and a switching element spring 31.

The coupling device 15 is preferably designed such that the coupling locking element 17 can occupy substantially two positions, one position causing a non-coupled state of the device 1 (FIG. 4c) and a further position causing a coupled state of the device (FIG. 4b, 4d). Thus, the coupling device 15 can cause a coupling and a decoupling of the drive 2 with the output 3 by means of the coupling element 4 here in the form of rolls 23. Here, the respective state of the position of the coupling device 15 is dependent.

In the coupled state, as shown in Figs. 4a, 4b and 4d, the clutch locking member 17 is moved between the rollers 23, so that they can no longer avoid and torque on the output 3 can be transmitted. This is done by applying a current to a coil 27, thereby causing a magnetic flux through a yoke 26 and the switching element 30, which is preferably at least partially magnetically permeable. This flow causes a attractive force in the air gap between yoke 26 and switching element 30 in which the switching element spring 31 of the switching element is compressed. Thereby, the clutch locking element 17, which is connected via the coupling lock spring 18 to the switching element 30 is moved to the center, that drive and output are coupled together.

An advantage here is that no friction occurs in the coupled state, since the radially acting counterforce is canceled by the symmetrical embodiment.

To decouple the switching element 30 is released from the solenoid assembly 26, 27 again, so that the switching element spring 31, the coupling locking member 17 moves back to a rest position. The decoupling can be supported by a stop 33 by limiting the path of the coupling locking element 17 such that when the switching element 30 is tightened, the coupling lock spring 18 is biased. If the magnetic force is now removed from the switching element 30 for decoupling, this can be somewhat released from its abutment on the yoke 26 by the prestressed clutch lock spring 18, even if the clutch locking element 17 is still jammed on the drive 2 between the coupling elements 4 due to an external torque ,

A further embodiment of the device according to the invention is shown in Fig. 5 or Fig. 5a and 5b. This embodiment substantially coincides with the embodiment as shown in Fig. 4 and differs from this mainly in the design of the coupling device 15th

In the coupling device 15, the coupling locking element 17 and the switching element 30 moved by the actuator 16 are designed separately. In the uncoupled state, the switching element 30 is pressed by the switching element spring 31 against the coupling locking element 17 and the coupling lock spring 18, as shown in Fig. 5a. Since the clutch lock spring 18 is preferably weaker than the shift element spring 31, the clutch lock element 17 is pressed against a stop 33.

In order to couple drive 2 and output 3 with each other, the switching element 30 is actuated by the actuator 16. In this case, the switching element 30 through the activated electromagnet 26, 27, so that the clutch lock spring 18 is capable of moving the clutch lock member 17 to an engaged position toward the center. Clutch locking element 17 and switching element 30 are in this state preferably not in direct mechanical contact Thus, the decoupling can be supported: If the magnetic force is taken from the switching element 30 for uncoupling for a short time, this may due to the distance to the clutch locking element 17 by the biased switching element spring 31 something of its stop on the yoke 26 solve, even if the clutch locking element 17 is still clamped due to an external torque on the drive 2 between the coupling elements 4.

A further preferred embodiment of the device according to the invention is shown in Fig. 6 or Fig. 6a and 6b. This embodiment substantially coincides with the embodiment as shown in Fig. 4 and differs from this mainly in the design of the coupling means 15. The coupling means 15 is formed so that instead of the switching element 30 and the switching element spring 31, the coupling locking element 17th and the clutch lock spring 18 are actuated directly via the actuator 16.

The coupling locking element 17 and / or switching element 30 are rotatably and / or displaceably mounted, wherein the required for engaging movement is substantially perpendicular to the direction of attack, as shown in Fig. 4 to 6. An advantage of the aforementioned embodiments is that they are therefore particularly tamper-proof. Thus manipulatively introduced accelerations in the direction of attack can cause substantially no movement of the same in the coupled position.

In a rotatable embodiment of the coupling locking element 17 and / or the switching element 30 whose center of gravity can be stored in its rest position (uncoupled) relative to the axis of rotation so that at accelerations that come essentially from the direction of attack, no engagement can be effected. This can be achieved, for example, preferably in that the connecting line between the center of gravity and the center of rotation is substantially parallel to the direction of attack.

A further advantage of the embodiments of FIGS. 4 to 6 is that the movement for engagement with the center takes place, so that centrifugal forces can not be used manipulatively.

The effective direction of the magnetic field (or magnetic fields) generated by the coil 27 between the coupling locking element 17 or the switching element 30 and the yoke 26 is substantially transverse to the direction of attack. This has the advantage that external manipulative magnetic fields can not act in this direction, they will substantially cause a repulsion of the coupling locking element 17 and the switching element 30 from the yoke 26.

It should be noted that in addition to the embodiments described above in which roller elements are used as a coupling element and embodiments are conceivable with only one roller element 23 or sliding or more than two roller elements 23 and sliding elements, and combinations of rolling and sliding elements.

According to further preferred embodiments, the various described preferred embodiments are arbitrarily combinable with each other and interchangeable, with a detailed discussion of all alternative embodiments is omitted for clarity.

The device according to the invention and the method according to the invention are particularly suitable for use in the area of closure devices and closure mechanisms. The device according to the invention and the method according to the invention allow, in particular, the coupling of an input and an output with a very low energy requirement, in particular a secure decoupling is ensured with essentially no-load drive. Furthermore, the clutch can be switched with a bistable actuator and allows safe disengagement with bistable actuator. The actuator may comprise an electric motor or a magnetic element, for example a solenoid element arrangement. Furthermore, in a preferred embodiment, the device according to the invention or the method according to the invention only permits disengagement if a force or a moment which is present between the input and output drops below a certain value. Here, the control of the coupling operation advantageously almost powerless. Furthermore, the device according to the invention and the method according to the invention cause force effects by the coupling element on the coupling mechanism preferably to relieve the actuator so that a safe return of the actuator to the disengaged state is made possible regardless of the mechanical status between the input and output. Thus, the device according to the invention and the inventive method causes a simple, reliable and tamper-proof detachable transmission of a movement and corresponding forces and moments. A further or additional advantage of the present invention is further improved handling and rotation, in particular by providing a comparable closing force or a force opposing the closing force in the uncoupled as in the coupled state.

Claims (66)

1. A device (1), in particular for transmitting a movement as well as corresponding forces and/or moments, comprising a drive (2) and a take-off (3), wherein the drive (2) and take-off (3) are coupled via at least one coupling element (4) in such a manner that in the decoupled state a movement of the drive (2) causes a movement of the coupling element (4), wherein said movement is not suitable for transmitting a movement from the drive (2) to the take-off (3), and wherein in the decoupled state a movement of the drive (2) causes a movement component of the coupling element (4) being essentially orthogonal thereto, and wherein a movement of the drive (2) in the coupled state essentially causes a movement of the coupling element (4) in the same direction.
2. The device (1), in particular for transmitting a movement as well as corresponding forces and/or moments, comprising a drive (2) and a take-off (3), wherein the drive (2) and take-off (3) are coupled via at least one coupling element (4) in such a manner that in the decoupled state a movement of the take-off (3) causes a movement of the coupling element (4), wherein said movement is not suitable for transmitting a movement of the take-off (3) to the drive (2), and wherein in the decoupled state a movement of the take-off (3) causes a movement component of the coupling element (4) being essentially orthogonal thereto, and wherein a movement of the take-off (3) in the coupled state essentially causes a movement of the coupling element (4) in the same direction.
3. The device according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the movement of the drive (2) in the decoupled state cannot be transmitted to the take-off (3) by the movement of the at least one coupling element (4) because the mechanical potential of the take-off (3) formed by a storage device (14) cannot be overcome.
4. The device according to claim 1, 2 or 3, further comprising a coupling means (15) which can cause a coupling as well as a decoupling of the drive (2) and the take-off (3) by means of the at least one coupling element (4).
5. The device according to claim 4, wherein in the decoupled state the coupling means (15) is essentially not engaged with the at least one coupling element (4).
6. The device according to claim 4 or 5, wherein in the coupled state the coupling means (15) causes a limitation of the movability of the at least one coupling element (4).
7. The device according to any one of claims 4 to 6, wherein the coupling means (15) comprises at least one coupling locking device or coupling locking element (17) for limiting the movability of the at least one coupling element (4) in the coupled state.
8. The device according to claim 7, wherein a mechanical potential formed by a storage device (18) or a magnetic force has to be overcome for moving the coupling locking element (17) from the decoupled state in a coupled state and/or from the coupled state in the decoupled state.
9. The device according to claim 7 or 8, wherein the cooperation between coupling locking elements (17) and coupling element(s) (4) is such that the forces applied by the at least one coupling element (4) cause a movement tendency towards a stronger and more reliable engagement, so that at the beginning of the force application there is only a partial engagement whereas then an essentially reliable position is reached.
10. The device according to claim 7, 8 or 9, wherein the coupling means (15) further comprises an actuator (16) for positioning the coupling locking element (17).
11. The device according to claim 10, wherein the actuator (16) is suitable for causing a displacement of the coupling locking element (17) via a mechanical potential formed by a storage device (18) or a magnetic force into a position being suitable for coupling.
12. The device according to any one of claims 9, 10 or 11, wherein the actuator is bistable.
13. The device according to claim 10, 11 or 12, wherein the actuator (16) comprises an electromagnet arrangement having at least one yoke (26) and a coil (27).
14. The device according to any one of the preceding claims, wherein the coupling device is configured manipulation-resistant such that the movement directions of the coupling means (15) are essentially orthogonal with respect to the attacks to be expected in the longitudinal direction of the device and/or counter-moments compensate for the forces caused by the attack.
15. The device according to any one of the preceding claims, wherein a mechanical potential formed by a storage device (9) has to be overcome so as to enable a relative movement between the drive (2) and take-off (3), wherein said potential is lower than a mechanical potential of the take-off (3) formed by a storage device (14).
16. The device according to any one of claims 7 to 15, wherein the potential formed by a storage device (9) renders at least one coupling locking element (17) capable of being brought into and/or out of a coupling position essentially without the application of a force when the force at the drive (2) falls below a specific value.
17. The device according to any one of the preceding claims, wherein the drive (2) and take-off (3) are coupled via the at least one coupling element (4) in such a manner that in the decoupled state a movement of the take-off (3), with a stationary drive (2), causes a movement component of the at least one coupling element (4) being orthogonal thereto and that a movement of the take-off (3) in the coupled state essentially causes a movement of the at least one coupling element (4) in the same direction.
18. The device according to any one of the preceding claims, wherein a movement of the at least one coupling element (4) being essentially orthogonal with respect to the movement direction of the drive essentially does not cause a movement of the take-off (3).
19. The device according to any one of the preceding claims, wherein a rotational movement of the at least one coupling element (4) essentially causes a rotational movement of the take-off (3).
20. The device according to any one of the preceding claims, wherein the at least one coupling element (4) communicates with the drive (2) via at least one first guide means (5, 7).
21. The device according to claim 20, wherein the at least one first guide means (5, 7) comprises at least one first slide surface (5) for a contact with at least one first slide element (7).
22. The device according to claim 20 or 21, wherein the at least one first slide surface (5) is inclined with respect to an axial movement direction of the coupling element (4).
23. The device according to claim 21 or 22, wherein upon a rotation of the drive (2), the at least one first slide element (7) being arranged at the drive (2) essentially moves on a plane being essentially perpendicular with respect to an axial movement direction of the at least one coupling element (4), wherein it contacts and/or moves along at least one first slide surface (5).
24. The device according to any one of the preceding claims, wherein the at least one coupling element (4) comprises at least one second guide means (6, 8) communicating with the take-off (3).
25. The device according to claim 24, wherein the at least one second guide means comprises at least one second slide surface (6) for a contact with at least one second slide element (8).
26. The device according to claim 25, wherein the at least one second slide surface (6) is essentially parallel with respect to an axial movement direction of the at least one coupling element (4).
27. The device according to claim 25 or 26, wherein upon a rotation of the at least one coupling element (4), the second slide element (8) being arranged at the take-off (3) essentially moves on a plane being essentially perpendicular with respect to an axial movement direction of the at least one coupling element (4), while contacting and/or moving along at least one second slide surface (6).
28. The device according to any one of the preceding claims, wherein the take-off (3) for generating a mechanical potential formed by a storage device (14) communicates with at least one third guide means (10, 11).
29. The device according to claim 28, comprising at least one third guide means and at least one third slide surface (10) for a contact with at least one third slide element (11) being arranged in a guide (12).
30. The device according to claim 29, wherein the at least one third slide surface (10) is inclined with respect to a rotational axis of the take-off (3).
31. The device according to claim 29 or 30, wherein upon a rotation of the take-off (3), the at least one third slide element (11) being arranged in a guide (12) essentially moves along the rotational axis of the take-off (3).
32. The device according to any one of claims 29 to 31, wherein the at least one third slide element (11) is pre-stressed with respect to the at least one third slide surface (10).
33. The device according to any one of the preceding claims, wherein the coupling element (4) is pre-stressed with respect to the take-off (3) and/or with respect to the drive (2).
34. The device according to any one of claims 1 to 33, wherein the mechanical potential formed by a storage device (14, 21), which has to be overcome for the movement of the take-off, essentially acts on the coupling element (4).
35. The device according to any one of claims 1 to 34, wherein the coupling element (4) can be pre-stressed by a spring element (21), which preferably comprises a torsion spring and/or a potential arrangement and wherein the coupling element (4) can preferably be limited in its angle of rotation.
36. The device according to claim 35, wherein the limiting of the angle of rotation is achieved by the co-operation of the take-off (3) and a stop (22).
37. The device according to any one of claims 1 to 14, 16 to 19 or 33, wherein the coupling element (4) consists of at least one roller element (23) or sliding element.
38. The device according to claim 37, wherein the roller element (23) or the sliding element is guided in the drive (2) in such a manner that it can essentially move in radial direction with respect to said drive.
39. The device according to claim 37 or 38, wherein the roller element (23) or the sliding element is pressed outwards by a spring element (24) preferably consisting of a leg spring.
40. The device according to claim 37, 38 or 39, wherein the take-off (3) is configured such that it comprises at least one projection (25) at its inner side on which the roller element (23) or sliding element moves.
41. The device according to any one of claims 37 to 40, wherein the roller element (23) or slide element can give way in case of a relative movement between the drive (2) and take-off (3) when the drive (2) and take-off (3) are not coupled with each other.
42. The device according to any one of claims 38 to 40, wherein the drive (2) and the take-off (3) are configured such that the roller element (23) or sliding element can move inwards upon a rotation of the drive (2) in that it overcomes the potential of the spring element (24) wherein the torque generated thereby is not sufficient to overcome a mechanical potential at the take-off (3), which is formed by a storage device.
43. The device according to any one of claims 37 to 42, wherein a coupling locking element (17) can be moved between the coupling elements (4) in such a manner that said coupling elements cannot give way and thus the drive (2) and take-off (3) are coupled with each other.
44. The device according to claim 43, wherein the coupling locking element (17) is supported in such a manner that the movement being necessary for the engagement is essentially perpendicular to the attack direction.
45. The device according to claim 43 or 44, wherein the mass center of the coupling locking element (17) is selected such that, when the drive (2) and take-off (3) are not coupled with each other, it is essentially supported with regard to its rotational axis such that an engagement of the drive (2) and take-off (3) cannot occur in case of accelerations in the attack direction.
46. The device according to any one of claims 37 to 45, wherein the coupling locking element (17) is connected to a switch element (30) via a coupling locking spring (18).
47. The device according to claim 46, wherein the switch element (30) is operated via the actuator (16) which comprises an electromagnet arrangement (26, 27).
48. The device according to claim 46 or 47, wherein the coupling locking spring (18) is arranged and configured such that when the switch element (30) is operated by the electromagnet arrangement of the actuator (16), the coupling locking element (17) can be moved into a position by the coupling locking spring (18) in which the drive (2) and take-off (3) are coupled with each other.
49. The device according to claim 46, 47 or 48, wherein the switch element (30) and/or the coupling locking element (17) comprise a switch element spring (31).
50. The device according to claim 49, wherein, for coupling, the switch element (30) can be moved via the actuator (16) such that the switch element spring (31) is pre-stressed and that the coupling locking element (17) connected to the switch element (30) can be moved into a coupled position by the spring forces.
51. The device according to claim 50, wherein the movement of the coupling locking element (17) into a coupled position is preferably limited by a stop (33) so that the coupling locking spring (18) can be pre-stressed.
52. The device according to claim 50 or 51, wherein the pre-stress of the switch element spring (31) is suitable to move the coupling locking element (17) into a decoupled position, when a magnetic force of the actuator (16) is removed from the switch element (30) for a short period of time.
53. The device according to claim 50, 51 or 52, wherein the pre-stress of the coupling locking element (18) and/or the switch element spring (31) is suitable to release the switch element (30) from the electromagnet arrangement of the actuator (16) for decoupling, when a magnetic force of the actuator (16) is removed from the switch element (30), especially also when the coupling locking element (17) is still clamped between the coupling elements (4) due to an external torque acting on the drive.
54. The device according to any one of claims 37 to 45, wherein the coupling locking element (17) and the switch element (30) are configured separately from each other and each comprises a spring element (18, 31).
55. The device according to claim 54, wherein the switch element (30) is operated via the actuator (16) which comprises an electromagnet arrangement (26, 27).
56. The device according to claim 54 or 55, wherein the spring elements (18, 31) are arranged such that the switch element (30) holds the coupling locking element (17) in a decoupled position and releases the coupling locking element (17) when it is operated by the actuator (16), so that said coupling locking element can assume a coupled position.
57. The device according to claim 54, 55 or 56, wherein the coupling locking element (17) is connected to the coupling locking spring (18) and the switch element (30) is connected to the switch element spring (31).
58. The device according to claim 57, wherein the coupling locking element (17) is held in a decoupled condition by the switch element (30) via its switch element spring (31), wherein the switch element spring (31) is pre-stressed.
59. The device according to claim 58, wherein the pre-stress of the switch element spring (31) is suitable to release the switch element (30) from the electromagnet arrangement of the actuator (16) for decoupling when a magnetic force of the actuator (16) is removed from the switch element (30), especially also when the coupling locking element (17) is still clamped between the coupling elements (4) due to an external torque acting on the drive.
60. The device according to any one of claims 37 to 59, wherein the actuator (16) comprises an electromagnet consisting of at least one yoke (26) and a coil (27), wherein the effective direction of the magnetic field between the switch element (30) and the yoke (26) is essentially perpendicular with respect to the attack direction.
61. The device according to claim 60, wherein a current is lead through the coil (27) for coupling the drive (2) and the take-off (3), said current effecting a magnetic flux through the yoke (26) and the coupling locking element (17) and/or the switch element (30), which are preferably at least partially magnetically permeable, wherein the coupling locking element (17) is moved such that the roller element (23) or sliding element can transmit a torque onto the take-off (3).
62. The device according to any one of claims 9 to 61, wherein the actuator (16) can be operated via a transponder.
63. A method, in particular for transmitting a movement as well as corresponding forces and/or moments by means of a coupling, thereby using a device according to any one of claims 1 to 62.
64. A lock device comprising a device according to any one of claims 1 to 62.
65. The lock device according to claim 64, wherein the lock device can be operated electrically and/or electromagnetically.
66. The lock device according to claim 64 or 65, wherein the actuator and/or the device can be operated via a transponder.

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