EP1624767A1 - Textile surface which can be used to produce protective clothing, in particular, for fire fighters, and multilayer complexes comprising said surface - Google Patents

Textile surface which can be used to produce protective clothing, in particular, for fire fighters, and multilayer complexes comprising said surface

Info

Publication number
EP1624767A1
EP1624767A1 EP04742662A EP04742662A EP1624767A1 EP 1624767 A1 EP1624767 A1 EP 1624767A1 EP 04742662 A EP04742662 A EP 04742662A EP 04742662 A EP04742662 A EP 04742662A EP 1624767 A1 EP1624767 A1 EP 1624767A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
type
son
textile
textile surface
yarns
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Granted
Application number
EP04742662A
Other languages
German (de)
French (fr)
Other versions
EP1624767B1 (en
Inventor
Laurent Thiriot
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Kermel SNC
Original Assignee
Kermel SNC
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Kermel SNC filed Critical Kermel SNC
Priority to PL04742662T priority Critical patent/PL1624767T3/en
Publication of EP1624767A1 publication Critical patent/EP1624767A1/en
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP1624767B1 publication Critical patent/EP1624767B1/en
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

Links

Classifications

    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A41—WEARING APPAREL
    • A41D—OUTERWEAR; PROTECTIVE GARMENTS; ACCESSORIES
    • A41D31/00—Materials specially adapted for outerwear
    • A41D31/04—Materials specially adapted for outerwear characterised by special function or use
    • A41D31/08—Heat resistant; Fire retardant
    • A41D31/085—Heat resistant; Fire retardant using layered materials
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A41—WEARING APPAREL
    • A41D—OUTERWEAR; PROTECTIVE GARMENTS; ACCESSORIES
    • A41D31/00—Materials specially adapted for outerwear
    • A41D31/04—Materials specially adapted for outerwear characterised by special function or use
    • A41D31/08—Heat resistant; Fire retardant
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D10—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBLASSES OF SECTION D, RELATING TO TEXTILES
    • D10B—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBLASSES OF SECTION D, RELATING TO TEXTILES
    • D10B2331/00—Fibres made from polymers obtained otherwise than by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds, e.g. polycondensation products
    • D10B2331/02—Fibres made from polymers obtained otherwise than by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds, e.g. polycondensation products polyamides
    • D10B2331/021—Fibres made from polymers obtained otherwise than by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds, e.g. polycondensation products polyamides aromatic polyamides, e.g. aramides
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T442/00—Fabric [woven, knitted, or nonwoven textile or cloth, etc.]
    • Y10T442/20—Coated or impregnated woven, knit, or nonwoven fabric which is not [a] associated with another preformed layer or fiber layer or, [b] with respect to woven and knit, characterized, respectively, by a particular or differential weave or knit, wherein the coating or impregnation is neither a foamed material nor a free metal or alloy layer
    • Y10T442/2139—Coating or impregnation specified as porous or permeable to a specific substance [e.g., water vapor, air, etc.]
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T442/00—Fabric [woven, knitted, or nonwoven textile or cloth, etc.]
    • Y10T442/20—Coated or impregnated woven, knit, or nonwoven fabric which is not [a] associated with another preformed layer or fiber layer or, [b] with respect to woven and knit, characterized, respectively, by a particular or differential weave or knit, wherein the coating or impregnation is neither a foamed material nor a free metal or alloy layer
    • Y10T442/2221—Coating or impregnation is specified as water proof
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T442/00—Fabric [woven, knitted, or nonwoven textile or cloth, etc.]
    • Y10T442/30—Woven fabric [i.e., woven strand or strip material]
    • Y10T442/3179—Woven fabric is characterized by a particular or differential weave other than fabric in which the strand denier or warp/weft pick count is specified
    • Y10T442/322—Warp differs from weft
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T442/00—Fabric [woven, knitted, or nonwoven textile or cloth, etc.]
    • Y10T442/30—Woven fabric [i.e., woven strand or strip material]
    • Y10T442/3179—Woven fabric is characterized by a particular or differential weave other than fabric in which the strand denier or warp/weft pick count is specified
    • Y10T442/322—Warp differs from weft
    • Y10T442/3228—Materials differ
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T442/00—Fabric [woven, knitted, or nonwoven textile or cloth, etc.]
    • Y10T442/30—Woven fabric [i.e., woven strand or strip material]
    • Y10T442/3179—Woven fabric is characterized by a particular or differential weave other than fabric in which the strand denier or warp/weft pick count is specified
    • Y10T442/3293—Warp and weft are identical and contain at least two chemically different strand materials
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T442/00—Fabric [woven, knitted, or nonwoven textile or cloth, etc.]
    • Y10T442/30—Woven fabric [i.e., woven strand or strip material]
    • Y10T442/3179—Woven fabric is characterized by a particular or differential weave other than fabric in which the strand denier or warp/weft pick count is specified
    • Y10T442/3301—Coated, impregnated, or autogenous bonded
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T442/00—Fabric [woven, knitted, or nonwoven textile or cloth, etc.]
    • Y10T442/30—Woven fabric [i.e., woven strand or strip material]
    • Y10T442/3854—Woven fabric with a preformed polymeric film or sheet
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T442/00—Fabric [woven, knitted, or nonwoven textile or cloth, etc.]
    • Y10T442/40—Knit fabric [i.e., knit strand or strip material]
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T442/00—Fabric [woven, knitted, or nonwoven textile or cloth, etc.]
    • Y10T442/40—Knit fabric [i.e., knit strand or strip material]
    • Y10T442/45—Knit fabric is characterized by a particular or differential knit pattern other than open knit fabric or a fabric in which the strand denier is specified

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to fabrics, sheet or web, for producing protective clothing, including jackets for the intervention of persons intended to be subjected to extreme conditions, especially in the case of fire.
  • It relates in particular to a new type of material that can be used to make firefighters' clothing, without excluding other applications.
  • the textile surface according to the invention finds an application in all cases where one is in the presence of extreme conditions, for example during a fire, and more generally to provide protection against a high heat source.
  • thermal barrier generally constituted by a needle felt
  • the invention therefore relates to the sector of producing multilayer materials as illustrated in FIG.
  • the thermal barrier generally constituted by a needle felt.
  • heat stress is a state in which the body can no longer maintain a temperature below
  • This new type of material allows moderate insulation in a normal situation in that it has a small thickness and a low thermal load, which therefore improves comfort and, depending on the increase in temperature, allows have an increase in insulation, this increase being localized to areas where the heat is greatest when the user is faced with a fire emergency.
  • thermostable type A son and having little or no shrinkage under the effect of heat
  • son and / or groups of son type B having a shrinkage under the effect of heat
  • the present invention also relates to multilayer complexes entering especially in the composition of protective clothing, comprising the textile surface described above.
  • Yarn means a continuous multifilamentary article or a yarn of fibers obtained from a single type of fiber, or a mixture of fibers. One can also hear an assembly of continuous threads or spun fibers.
  • a group of son means a set of son arranged contiguously in a given direction of the surface of the invention.
  • a group of wires may be a set of several wires arranged side by side in the warp direction and / or in the weft direction of the woven surface.
  • Type B wire means wire or group of Type B wire.
  • the type B wire groups of the invention comprise between 2 and 10 B-type wires.
  • the distribution of type B yarns on the surface of the invention may be regular or irregular, in a given direction of the surface.
  • the repair of the type B son, in at least one direction of the surface is regular.
  • the type B warp threads are arranged at regular intervals from each other.
  • the textile surface of the invention is advantageously a woven or knitted surface, preferably a woven surface.
  • the type B yarns are warp yarns and / or weft yarns. They are distributed in the machine direction and / or in the transverse direction of the surface. They may be present only in the machine direction, or only in the transverse direction.
  • the type B wires are separated at least partly from one another by a number of type A wires.
  • the type B wires and / or Type B yarn bundles are separated by a number of type A yarns between 3 and 30.
  • each B-type warp yarn can be separated by 10 to The choice of this number depends in particular on the fineness of the yarns used and the intrinsic shrinkage force of the type B yarns.
  • Type A wires are thermally stable wires with little or no shrinkage under the effect of heat, in any case considerably less than that of the type B wire.
  • the type A wires of the invention are heat-stable. These are yarns or fibers whose loss of mechanical properties and especially shrinkage are limited after exposure to intense heat.
  • the thermostatic son may be made of artificial or natural synthetic material, or a mixture.
  • the type A yarns are preferably para-aramid or PBO (polyparaphenylene-2,6-benzobisoxazole) type yarns.
  • PBO polyparaphenylene-2,6-benzobisoxazole
  • type A yarns mention is made of the polyparaphenylene terephthalamide yarns ("KEVLAR” from DUPONT, "TWARON” and “TECHNORA” from TEDIN).
  • the type B yarns preferably have a certain thermostability in that they retain a certain mechanical strength, while having a greater shrinkage under the effect of heat.
  • the type B yarns are preferably meta-aramid type yarns.
  • type B yarns mention is made of the polymetaphenylene isophthalamide yarns, the polyamide imide yarns, and the yarns known under the trademark "Kermel” (KERMEL) or "NOMEX” (DUPONT) or "CONEX” ( Tedin).
  • the nature of the type B son can be chosen in particular depending on the desired retraction force.
  • the yarns of type A and / or B may consist of a mixture of fibers and / or filaments, an intimate mixture or a mixture of heart and skin (core fiber yarns).
  • the fibers of the filament of the mixture may comprise different kinds of fibers or filaments of a given type.
  • the son of type A may consist entirely or partly of different thermostable fibers or filaments.
  • the surface of the invention may consist only of type A and B wires, but may also include other types of wires or fibers.
  • the surface of the invention advantageously comprises at least 20% by weight of type A yarns, preferably at least 60% by weight.
  • the type B yarns and the type A yarns can be woven differently from each other: for example the type B yarns can be woven in an armor having floats greater than those of type A wires. This may allow in particular to obtain a good flexibility of the surface, and also to increase the sliding capacity of the type B son, during their retraction, by a lower retention of these son in the surface.
  • the type B wires and / or the type B wire groups form a grid. For example for a woven surface, all the type B son, warp and weft, can delimit squares or rectangles contiguous on the entire surface. Under the action of the heat and shrinkage of the type B wires, it is these squares or rectangles that constitute the cells in relief of the textile surface of the invention.
  • the type B wires and / or the type B wire groups are arranged in a single direction of the surface of the invention.
  • the textile surface of the invention forms cells in relief under the effect of heat.
  • Cell is understood to mean a portion of the surface of the invention generally comprising type A yarns, not including type B yarns, and whose edges are formed by type B yarns and / or by an edge of the yarn. surface of the invention.
  • the cells are squares delimited by the B-type yarns and the edges of the fabric.
  • the size of the cells can be variable. It can in particular be chosen according to the desired thickness gain of the surface under the effect of heat. This thickness gain, which corresponds to the variation in the thickness of the surface due to the formation of the raised cells, is at least 0.5 mm and preferably from 1 to 3 mm. Even a very small variation in thickness can be advantageous, in particular when the textile surface of the invention is integrated in a multilayer complex, since an air layer is then created which, even if it is minimal, increases the characteristics of insulation of the complex.
  • large cells allow greater thickness gain and therefore greater thermal insulation.
  • a tight texture is preferably chosen to allow better resistance to crushing of the raised cells.
  • the contexture of the surface of the invention may also be variable. It can in particular be chosen according to the size of the cells, as described above.
  • the contexture must be chosen in a suitable manner, in particular to ensure good resistance to crushing of the raised cells formed under the effect of heat. Cells of the order of 5 mm between two son or group of son type B, generally have sufficient crush resistance regardless of the contexture.
  • the surface of the invention can be obtained by weaving or knitting according to a method known to those skilled in the art, judiciously choosing the nature of each wire and its position on the surface. For example for a woven surface the choice of each weft yarn and each warp yarn must be made according to the final configuration of the desired surface. The knitting is advantageously carried out using a loom chain type with framer; in this case it is the type B son are introduced in the frame.
  • the present invention also relates to multilayer complexes entering especially in the composition of protective clothing, comprising the textile surface described above.
  • the present invention relates to a multilayer complex for protective clothing comprising: - an external textile
  • thermal barrier C
  • D finishing lining
  • the choice of the nature of the type B son of the textile surface of the invention is in particular made according to the position of the textile surface in the complex (more or less close to the outside).
  • a yarn nature having shrinkage at a relatively high temperature will be selected when the textile surface of the invention is close to the outside, and a yarn nature having shrinkage at a lower temperature, when the textile surface of the invention is close to the interior.
  • the choice of the nature of the type B wires is made in such a way that the total retraction of the type B wires takes place after the time necessary to reach the pain threshold when the person is in the presence of a heat flux ( alert threshold) and before the duration necessary for the appearance of burns. This makes it possible to increase the "escape time" that a firefighter's intervention garment must allow.
  • the membrane is preferably positioned between the outer textile and the textile surface of the invention.
  • the outer textile is made of flame retardant material. It is intended to form a face or wall that will not be in contact with the user.
  • the flame-retardant textile is preferably made of a fabric based on metaphenylene isophthalamide or polyamide-imide yarns, possibly with paraphenylene terephthalamide yarns, and / or antistatic or other para-aramid yarns or PBO yarns. or PBI (polybenzimidazole).
  • the membrane may be constituted by a microporous or hydrophilic film, for example based on polytetrafluoroethylene, flame-retarded polyurethane or polyester.
  • the possible support of this membrane may be a textile support, such as a fabric or non-woven fabric based on meta-aramid or polyamide-imide fibers, for example associated by adhesive against the membrane.
  • a textile support such as a fabric or non-woven fabric based on meta-aramid or polyamide-imide fibers, for example associated by adhesive against the membrane.
  • the latter comprises:
  • a waterproof breathable membrane optionally associated with a support; a textile surface as described above;
  • the textile surface of the invention plays a role of thermal barrier, replacing the traditional needle felt.
  • the nature of the type B yarns of the textile surface of the invention is chosen so that their retraction takes place at relatively low temperatures. This embodiment is illustrated in particular by example 4 and FIG.
  • the latter comprises: 5 - an external textile
  • thermal barrier (C) optionally a thermal barrier (C)
  • a finishing liner (D) 0 and the textile surface of the invention is laminated on the membrane.
  • the textile surface of the invention is preferably positioned between the membrane and the outer textile.
  • the textile surface of the invention plays both a role of thermal barrier, but also a role of mechanical protection of the membrane, for example of resistance to breakage of the membrane, a fragile element of the complex.
  • the textile surface of the invention preferably comprises yarns which have very good mechanical strength properties, preferably of the paraaramide or PBO type. This embodiment is illustrated in particular by Example 3 and FIG. 5.
  • the complex of the invention comprises: - an external textile
  • outer textile / breathable membrane / textile surface of the inventor then optionally thermal barrier (C) then finally finish lining (D)
  • the laminating is carried out according to any method known to those skilled in the art.
  • the surface of the invention plays both a role of thermal barrier, mechanical reinforcement of the membrane and the outer textile thanks to the preferably pararamide or PBO type son of the surface of the invention. It also ensures good heat resistance of the entire complex.
  • the type B yarns of the textile surface of the invention are preferably yarns having a large retractive force and / or the surface comprises a significant percentage by weight of these yarns. This embodiment is illustrated in particular by example 2 and FIGS. 3 and 4.
  • the laminated assembly (external textile / breathable membrane / textile surface of the invention) according to this third particular embodiment described above can be used as an outer layer used in the composition of complexes as illustrated in FIG. 1.
  • This outer layer has a thermal barrier function, it is very thermostable and resistant especially thanks to the son of paraaramide or PBO type preferably the surface of the invention; it has a very good aging, especially visual.
  • the outer textile thanks to the reinforcement of the para-aramid type of son of the surface of the invention can therefore do without these materials and be in fact a textile of " decor ".
  • the outer textile then has a good visual aging because it does not contain paraaramide type son; and the paraaramide threads, present in the surface of the invention and thus protected from light, do not lose their strength properties over time.
  • Figure 1 illustrates, as previously indicated, a conventional multilayer complex used to date for the production of emergency personnel clothing under hazardous conditions, including clothing firefighters.
  • FIG. 2 represents a weave of a weave according to the invention.
  • Figure 3 is a schematic view of a complex according to the third particular embodiment of the invention.
  • FIG. 4 is a schematic perspective view of the evolution of a complex according to the third particular embodiment of the invention when the user is confronted with a sudden change in the operating conditions, and more particularly with a sudden increase. heat.
  • Figure 5 is a schematic view of a complex according to the second particular embodiment of the invention.
  • Figure 6 is a schematic view of a complex according to the first particular embodiment of the invention.
  • Example 1 Fabric according to the invention comprising para-aramid son and polyamide-imide son.
  • a fabric according to the invention is produced, the weave of which is illustrated in FIG.
  • Type A yarns are para-aramid yarns (100% cracked Twaron ®, the yarn count being Nm 8O / 2) and type B yarns are polyamide-imide yarns (Kermel Tech® 100%). , the title of these wires being equal to Nm 70/2.
  • the texture of the fabric is as follows: in chain, 27 threads / cm; in weft, 22 picks / cm.
  • the armor is of linen type, with a chain alternation of 14 type A and 2 type B wires, and of 12 type A and 2 type B wires.
  • the mass per unit area of this fabric is about 130 g / cm 2 .
  • Example 2 Multilayer complex comprising the fabric of Example 1.
  • a multilayer complex is constructed from an ELI laminated assembly which consists of 3 laminated layers described below and from a type (D) finish liner described below.
  • layer 2 hydrophilic polyurethane membrane - layer 3: fabric described in example 1
  • FIG. 3 is a schematic view of the complex: from top to bottom in the laminated assembly ELI are represented the layer 1, the layer 2 and then the layer 3.
  • FIG. 4 is a schematic perspective view of the evolution of the complex comprising the fabric according to the invention (reactive support) when the user is confronted with a sudden change in the operating conditions, and more particularly with a sudden increase in heat.
  • the outer fabric in FIG. 4 corresponds to the layer 1
  • the membrane in FIG. 4 corresponds to the layer 2.
  • the type B wires which form a grid in FIG. 4 undergo the effect of the heat, the The edges of the cells formed by these will come closer, while the heat has little or no effect on the A-type wires forming the inside of the cells.
  • raised blisters will form: the insulating capacity of the structure is thus increased by air entrapment, when the thermal risk is present, by sudden increase of heat for example.
  • Example 3 Multilayer Complex Comprising the Fabric of Example 1 A multilayer complex is constructed from an outer textile A, a laminated assembly EL2 consisting of two laminated layers, and a type finishing liner ( D), these elements being described below.
  • External textile Kermel HTA ® rip-stop fabric (64% Kermel ® / 35% Technora ® / l% stainless steel anti-static fiber by weight), surface mass: 205 g / m 2 , thread count 22 x 22 yarn / cm, heading Nm 45 / 2 EL2 laminated assembly
  • Layer 1 fabric described in example 1 - layer 2: expanded PTFE membrane laminated on layer 1
  • FIG. 5 is a schematic view of the complex: from top to bottom in the system B are represented the layer 1 and then the layer 2.
  • Example 4 Multilayer Complex Comprising the Tissue of Example 1
  • a multilayer complex is constructed from an outer textile A, a membrane B associated with a support, the fabric according to the invention C, and a finishing lining D of type (D), these elements being described below.
  • Outer textile Kermel ® rip-stop satin / anti-static fiber 98/2 by weight, surface mass: 245 g / m 2 , 36 x 32 thread count / cm, heading: Nm 60/2.
  • Hydrophilic polyurethane membrane laminated on a substrate non-woven Kermel
  • Figure 6 is a schematic view of the complex.
  • the present invention is not limited to the embodiments described above by way of non-exhaustive examples.
  • the weave in woven form, may be of the twill type, in particular when it is desired to form the floats, for example floats of 3, with the type B yarns.
  • the configuration of the stitches is not very favorable to the desired effect with regard to the type B yarns, insofar as the retraction of these yarns will result in part by the deformation of the mesh itself. It is therefore desirable that the type B son are as straight as possible, especially in the form of frames inserted in the knit stitch columns.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Textile Engineering (AREA)
  • Professional, Industrial, Or Sporting Protective Garments (AREA)
  • Woven Fabrics (AREA)
  • Laminated Bodies (AREA)
  • Respiratory Apparatuses And Protective Means (AREA)
  • Chemical Or Physical Treatment Of Fibers (AREA)
  • Details Of Garments (AREA)
  • Artificial Filaments (AREA)

Abstract

The present invention relates to a textile surface for thermal insulation, in particular for making protective garments, in particular garments for protecting firefighters, the textile surface presenting a thermal barrier function and comprising threads of type A that are temperature-stable and presenting little or no shrinkage under the effect of high temperature, and threads of type B that shrink under the effect of high temperature; the threads of type B enable controlled relief to be created, thereby increasing the insulating power of textile multilayer structures that are used for providing thermal protection. The invention also provides multilayer structures including said surface.

Description

SURFACE TEXTILE UTILISABLE POUR LA REALISATION DE VETEMENTS DE PROTECTION. NOTAMMENT POUR SAPEURS-POMPIERS ET COMPLEXES MULTICOUCHES COMPRENANT CETTE SURFACE Domaine technique La présente invention a trait aux étoffes, en feuille ou nappe, destinées à réaliser des vêtements protecteurs , notamment des vestes d'intervention de personnes destinées à être soumises à des conditions extrêmes , notamment dans le cas d'incendie. TEXTILE SURFACE USEFUL FOR CARRYING PROTECTIVE CLOTHING. TECHNICAL FIELD The present invention relates to fabrics, sheet or web, for producing protective clothing, including jackets for the intervention of persons intended to be subjected to extreme conditions, especially in the case of fire.
Elle a trait notamment à un nouveau type de matériau utilisable pour réaliser des vêtements de sapeurs-pompiers , sans pour cela exclure d'autres applications.It relates in particular to a new type of material that can be used to make firefighters' clothing, without excluding other applications.
Ainsi la surface textile selon l'invention trouve une application dans tous les cas où l'on se trouve en présence de conditions extrêmes , par exemple lors d'un incendie, et plus généralement pour assurer une protection contre une source de chaleur élevée.Thus the textile surface according to the invention finds an application in all cases where one is in the presence of extreme conditions, for example during a fire, and more generally to provide protection against a high heat source.
Techniques antérieuresPrevious techniques
Dans la suite de la description, l'invention sera décrite pour une application particulière , à savoir celle de la réalisation de vestes d'intervention de sapeurs- pompiers. II est évident que cela n'est pas limitatif et qu'un tel matériau pourrait être utilisé pour d'autres applications, et dans tous les cas où l'on se trouve en présence de conditions extrêmes , par exemple lors d'un incendie.In the remainder of the description, the invention will be described for a particular application, namely that of the realization of intervention jackets of firefighters. It is obvious that this is not limiting and that such a material could be used for other applications, and in all cases where one is in the presence of extreme conditions, for example during a fire.
A ce jour , pour réaliser des vestes d'intervention, on utilise des structures multicouches qui , d'une manière générale , ainsi que cela ressort de la figure 1 annexée , se composent en général de quatre éléments , à savoir :To date, for making intervention jackets, multilayer structures are used which generally, as is apparent from the appended FIG. 1, generally consist of four elements, namely:
- un textile externe (A) ;an outer textile (A);
- une membrane imper-respirante (B), en général associée à un support (B') ;- a breathable membrane (B), usually associated with a support (B ');
- une barrière thermique (C) constituée généralement par un feutre aiguilleté ; eta thermal barrier (C) generally constituted by a needle felt; and
- une doublure de finition (D). La réalisation de tels matériaux complexes utilisables dans des conditions extrêmes , est parfaitement connue pour un homme de métier et ressort notamment du document FR.A.l.213.415.- a finishing lining (D). The production of such complex materials that can be used under extreme conditions is perfectly known to a person skilled in the art and is particularly apparent from the document FR.Al213.415.
Depuis , de telles structures ont évolué en faisant appel notamment à des matériaux textiles résistant à la chaleur et au feu , à base de polyamide aromatique ou polyamide imide.Since then, such structures have evolved, including the use of textile materials resistant to heat and fire, based on aromatic polyamide or polyamide imide.
Parmi ces matières synthétiques les plus connues , on peut citer , dans la famille des polyamides aromatiques , les fils ou fibres para-aramides , telles que commercialisés par la Société DU PONT DE NEMOURS sous la dénomination « KEVLAR » ou par la société TEDIN sous les marques « TWARON » et « TECHNORA » . De tels polymères , qui peuvent donc se présenter sous la forme de fibres , fils, ou autres structures , ont fait l'objet de nombreuses publications parmi lesquelles on peut citer le document US.3.O63.966.Among these most known synthetic materials, mention may be made, in the family of aromatic polyamides, of para-aramid yarns or fibers, as marketed by the company DU PONT DE NEMOURS under the name "KEVLAR" or by the company TEDIN under the trademarks "TWARON" and "TECHNORA". Such polymers, which may therefore be in the form of fibers, yarns, or other structures, have been the subject of numerous publications, among which mention may be made of US.3.063.966.
Parmi les matériaux résistant également à la chaleur , et qui font partie de la famille des méta-aramides , on peut citer le polymère commercialisé par laAmong the materials also resistant to heat, and which are part of the family of meta-aramids include the polymer marketed by the
Société KERMEL sous la même dénomination , les fibres commercialisées sous la marque « NOMEX » par la société DUPONT DE NEMOURS et celles commercialisées sous la marque « CONEX » par la société TEDIN.KERMEL company under the same name, the fibers marketed under the trademark "NOMEX" by the company DUPONT DE NEMOURS and those marketed under the trademark "CONEX" by the company TEDIN.
Comme indiqué précédemment , l'invention concerne donc le secteur de la réalisation de matériaux multicouches tel qu'illustré à la figure 1.As indicated above, the invention therefore relates to the sector of producing multilayer materials as illustrated in FIG.
Dans ces matériaux , un problème se pose en ce qui concerne la barrière thermique , généralement constituée par un feutre aiguilleté.In these materials, a problem arises with regard to the thermal barrier, generally constituted by a needle felt.
En effet , les complexes proposés à ce jour ont un inconvénient qui réside essentiellement dans le fait que les vêtements réalisées manquent de confort tant sur le plan physique que sur le plan physiologique.Indeed, the complexes proposed to date have a disadvantage that lies essentially in the fact that the clothes made lack comfort both physically and physiologically.
De plus, dans certaines conditions , ils manquent d'efficacité.In addition, under certain conditions, they lack effectiveness.
En effet , il a été rapporté qu'environ 50% des causes de décès pour les pompiers intervenant aux Etats-Unis , sont la conséquence d'un phénomène notoirement connu dans le domaine par le terme « stress thermique » , qui est un état dans lequel le corps ne peut plus maintenir une température en-dessous deIndeed, it has been reported that about 50% of the causes of death for firefighters intervening in the United States, are the consequence of a phenomenon known in the field by the term "heat stress", which is a state in which the body can no longer maintain a temperature below
39°C, ce qui entraîne des troubles divers pouvant être , outre une perte de capacité physique, une perte de lucidité , un évanouissement ou bien un arrêt cardiaque.39 ° C, resulting in various disorders that may be, in addition to a loss of physical ability, loss of lucidity, fainting or cardiac arrest.
Un tel état de stress est provoqué , notamment par le poids des équipements qui peut dépasser 20 kilogrammes, ainsi qu'à la capacité parfois trop isolante de leurs vêtements de protection. Exposé de l'inventionSuch a state of stress is caused, in particular by the weight of equipment that can exceed 20 kilograms, and the sometimes too insulating capacity of their protective clothing. Presentation of the invention
Or on a trouvé, et c'est ce qui fait l'objet de la présente invention, qu'il était possible de résoudre ce problème par la réalisation d'un nouveau type de matériau présentant une fonction évolutive de barrière thermique et permettant la réalisation de nouvelles structures complexes présentant un bon compromis de confort et de protection.Now it has been found, and this is the subject of the present invention, that it was possible to solve this problem by producing a new type of material having an evolutive thermal barrier function and allowing the realization of new complex structures presenting a good compromise of comfort and protection.
Ce nouveau type de matériau permet une isolation modérée en situation normale par le fait qu'il présente une faible épaisseur et une faible charge thermique , ce qui en améliore donc le confort et qui , en fonction de l'accroissement de la température , permet d'avoir une augmentation de l'isolation, cette augmentation étant localisée aux zones où la chaleur est la plus importante lorsque l'utilisateur se trouve confronté à une situation d'urgence face au feu.This new type of material allows moderate insulation in a normal situation in that it has a small thickness and a low thermal load, which therefore improves comfort and, depending on the increase in temperature, allows have an increase in insulation, this increase being localized to areas where the heat is greatest when the user is faced with a fire emergency.
D'une manière générale et compte-tenu du problème posé de réaliser une barrière thermique dans le cas d'une protection notamment pour vêtements de sapeurs-pompiers en ayant pour objectif d'améliorer le confort desdits vêtements , tant sur le plan physique que physiologique , il a été conçu selon l'invention une surface textile présentant une fonction de barrière thermique comprenant des fils de type A thermostables et présentant peu ou pas de retrait sous l'effet de la chaleur, et des fils et/ou des groupements de fils de type B présentant un retrait sous l'effet de la chaleur , caractérisée en ce que les fils et/ou groupements de fils de type B sont répartis selon au moins une direction de la surface et séparés au moins en partie par des fils de type A, de manière à ce que la surface forme des cellules en relief sous l'effet de la chaleur et de la rétraction préférentielle des fils et/ou groupements de fils de type B. La présente invention concerne également des complexes multicouches entrant notamment dans la composition de vêtements de protection, comprenant la surface textile décrite ci-dessus.In general and given the problem posed to achieve a thermal barrier in the case of a protection including firefighters clothing with the objective of improving the comfort of said clothing, both physically and physiologically it has been designed according to the invention a textile surface having a thermal barrier function comprising thermostable type A son and having little or no shrinkage under the effect of heat, and son and / or groups of son type B having a shrinkage under the effect of heat, characterized in that the son and / or groups of type B son are distributed in at least one direction of the surface and separated at least in part by son type A, so that the surface forms cells in relief under the effect of the heat and the preferential retraction of the son and / or groups of type B son. The present invention also relates to multilayer complexes entering especially in the composition of protective clothing, comprising the textile surface described above.
Par fil , on peut entendre un objet multifilamentaire continu ou un filé de fibres obtenu à partir d'un unique type de fibres , ou d'un mélange de fibres . On peut entendre également un assemblage de fils continus ou de filés de fibres.Yarn means a continuous multifilamentary article or a yarn of fibers obtained from a single type of fiber, or a mixture of fibers. One can also hear an assembly of continuous threads or spun fibers.
Par groupement de fils , on entend un ensemble de fils disposés de manière contiguë selon une direction donnée de la surface de l'invention. Par exemple lorsque la surface textile est une surface tissée, un groupement de fils peut être un ensemble de plusieurs fils disposés côte à côte dans le sens chaîne et/ou dans le sens trame de la surface tissée.A group of son means a set of son arranged contiguously in a given direction of the surface of the invention. For example, when the textile surface is a woven surface, a group of wires may be a set of several wires arranged side by side in the warp direction and / or in the weft direction of the woven surface.
Par « fils de type B » on entend des fils ou des groupements de fils de type B."Type B wire" means wire or group of Type B wire.
De préférence les groupements de fils de type B de l'invention comprennent entre 2 et 10 fils de type B.Preferably, the type B wire groups of the invention comprise between 2 and 10 B-type wires.
La répartition des fils de type B sur la surface de l'invention peut être régulière ou irrégulière , selon une direction donnée de la surface.The distribution of type B yarns on the surface of the invention may be regular or irregular, in a given direction of the surface.
Selon un mode de réalisation particulier de la surface de l'invention , la réparation des fils de type B , selon au moins une direction de la surface, est régulière. Par exemple , selon une direction donnée de la surface , par exemple dans le sens chaîne d'une surface tissée , les fils de chaîne de type B sont disposés à intervalles réguliers les uns des autres.According to a particular embodiment of the surface of the invention, the repair of the type B son, in at least one direction of the surface, is regular. For example, in a given direction of the surface, for example in the warp direction of a woven surface, the type B warp threads are arranged at regular intervals from each other.
La surface textile de l'invention est avantageusement une surface tissée ou tricotée , de préférence une surface tissée. Lorsque la surface textile de l'invention est une surface tissée ou tricotée , les fils de type B sont des fils de chaîne et/ou des fils de trame. Ils sont répartis dans le sens machine et/ou dans le sens transversal de la surface. Ils peuvent être présents uniquement dans le sens machine , ou uniquement dans le sens transversal. Les fils de type B sont séparés au moins en partie les uns des autres par un certain nombre de fils de type A. De préférence les fils de type B et/ou les groupements de fils de type B sont séparés par un nombre de fils de type A compris entre 3 et 30. Par exemple , lorsque la surface de l'invention est une surface tissée , chaque fil de chaîne de type B peut être séparé par 10 à 15 fils de chaîne de type A. Le choix de ce nombre dépend notamment de la finesse des fils utilisés et de la force de rétraction intrinsèque des fils de type B.The textile surface of the invention is advantageously a woven or knitted surface, preferably a woven surface. When the textile surface of the invention is a woven or knitted surface, the type B yarns are warp yarns and / or weft yarns. They are distributed in the machine direction and / or in the transverse direction of the surface. They may be present only in the machine direction, or only in the transverse direction. The type B wires are separated at least partly from one another by a number of type A wires. Preferably the type B wires and / or Type B yarn bundles are separated by a number of type A yarns between 3 and 30. For example, when the surface of the invention is a woven surface, each B-type warp yarn can be separated by 10 to The choice of this number depends in particular on the fineness of the yarns used and the intrinsic shrinkage force of the type B yarns.
Par fils de type A , on entend des fils thermostables présentant pas ou peu de retrait sous l'effet de la chaleur , en tout cas en retrait nettement inférieur à celui du fil de type B.Type A wires are thermally stable wires with little or no shrinkage under the effect of heat, in any case considerably less than that of the type B wire.
Les fils de type A de l'invention sont thermostables. Ce sont des fils ou fibres dont la perte des propriétés mécaniques et surtout le retrait sont limités après exposition à une chaleur intense. Les fils thermostatiques peuvent être réalisés en matériau synthétique artificiel ou naturel , ou en un mélange.The type A wires of the invention are heat-stable. These are yarns or fibers whose loss of mechanical properties and especially shrinkage are limited after exposure to intense heat. The thermostatic son may be made of artificial or natural synthetic material, or a mixture.
Les fils de type A sont de préférence des fils de type para-aramides ou PBO (polyparaphénylène-2,6-benzobisoxazole). On cite à titre d'exemple de fils de type A les fils de polyparaphenylene terephtalamide (« KEVLAR » de DUPONT, « TWARON » et « TECHNORA » de TEDIN).The type A yarns are preferably para-aramid or PBO (polyparaphenylene-2,6-benzobisoxazole) type yarns. As examples of type A yarns, mention is made of the polyparaphenylene terephthalamide yarns ("KEVLAR" from DUPONT, "TWARON" and "TECHNORA" from TEDIN).
Les fils de type B présentent de préférence une certaine thermostabilité en ceci qu'elles conservent une certaine résistance mécanique , tout en présentant une rétraction plus importante sous l'effet de la chaleur. Les fils de type B sont de préférence des fils de type méta-aramides. On cite à titre d'exemple de fils de type B les fils de polymétaphénylène isophtalamide, les fils de polyamide imide, ainsi que les fils connus sous la marque « Kermel » (KERMEL) ou « NOMEX » (DUPONT) ou « CONEX » (TEDIN). La nature des fils de type B peut être choisie notamment en fonction de la force de rétraction souhaitée. Les fils de type A et/ou B peuvent être constitués d'un mélange de fibres et/ou filaments , mélange intime ou mélange cœur/peau (filés de fibres à âme). Les fibres du filament du mélange peuvent comprendre différentes natures de fibres ou filaments d'un type donné. Par exemple les fils du type A peuvent être constituées en tout ou partie de différentes fibres ou filaments thermostables. La surface de l'invention peut être constituée uniquement de fils de type A et B , mais elle peut également comprendre d'autres types de fils ou fibres. La surface de l'invention comprend avantageusement au moins 20% en poids de fils de type A , de préférence au moins 60% en poids.The type B yarns preferably have a certain thermostability in that they retain a certain mechanical strength, while having a greater shrinkage under the effect of heat. The type B yarns are preferably meta-aramid type yarns. By way of example of type B yarns, mention is made of the polymetaphenylene isophthalamide yarns, the polyamide imide yarns, and the yarns known under the trademark "Kermel" (KERMEL) or "NOMEX" (DUPONT) or "CONEX" ( Tedin). The nature of the type B son can be chosen in particular depending on the desired retraction force. The yarns of type A and / or B may consist of a mixture of fibers and / or filaments, an intimate mixture or a mixture of heart and skin (core fiber yarns). The fibers of the filament of the mixture may comprise different kinds of fibers or filaments of a given type. For example, the son of type A may consist entirely or partly of different thermostable fibers or filaments. The surface of the invention may consist only of type A and B wires, but may also include other types of wires or fibers. The surface of the invention advantageously comprises at least 20% by weight of type A yarns, preferably at least 60% by weight.
Lorsque la surface de l'invention est tissée , les fils de type B et les fils de type A peuvent être tissés de manière différente les uns des autres : par exemple les fils de type B peuvent être tissés dans une armure présentant des flottés supérieurs à ceux des fils de type A . Ceci peut permettre notamment d'obtenir une bonne souplesse de la surface , et également d'augmenter la capacité de glissement des fils de type B , lors de leur rétraction, par une plus faible retenue de ces fils dans la surface. Selon un mode de réalisation particulier de la surface de l'invention , les fils de type B et/ou les groupements de fils de type B forment un quadrillage . Par exemple pour une surface tissée, l'ensemble des fils de type B , en chaîne et en trame , peuvent délimiter des carrés ou des rectangles contigus sur l'ensemble de la surface. Sous l'action de la chaleur et de la rétraction des fils de type B , ce sont ces carrés ou ces rectangles qui constituent les cellules en relief de la surface textile de l'invention.When the surface of the invention is woven, the type B yarns and the type A yarns can be woven differently from each other: for example the type B yarns can be woven in an armor having floats greater than those of type A wires. This may allow in particular to obtain a good flexibility of the surface, and also to increase the sliding capacity of the type B son, during their retraction, by a lower retention of these son in the surface. According to a particular embodiment of the surface of the invention, the type B wires and / or the type B wire groups form a grid. For example for a woven surface, all the type B son, warp and weft, can delimit squares or rectangles contiguous on the entire surface. Under the action of the heat and shrinkage of the type B wires, it is these squares or rectangles that constitute the cells in relief of the textile surface of the invention.
Selon un autre mode de réalisation particulier de la surface de l'invention, les fils de type B et/ou les groupements de fils de type B sont disposés selon une seule direction de la surface de l'invention. Dans ce cas, sous l'action de la chaleur et de la rétraction des fils de type B , il se produit une déformation en relief de chaque portion de la surface entre les fils ou groupements de fils de type B, déformation qui peut être par exemple une alternance de zones en saillie et de zones en creux , cette alternance s'équilibrant entre deux portions de surface adjacentes. Ainsi la surface textile de l'invention forme des cellules en relief sous l'effet de la chaleur. Par cellule on entend une portion de la surface de l'invention comprenant généralement des fils de type A , ne comprenant pas de fils de type B, et dont les bords sont formés par des fils de type B et /ou par un bord de la surface de l'invention. Par exemple , lorsque les fils de type B forment un quadrillage de la surface tissée ,les cellules sont des carrés délimités par les fils de type B et par les bords du tissu. La taille des cellules peut être variable. Elle peut notamment être choisie en fonction du gain d'épaisseur souhaité de la surface sous l'effet de la chaleur. Ce gain d'épaisseur , qui correspond à la variation d'épaisseur de la surface due à la formation des cellules en relief , est d'au moins 0,5 mm et de préférence de 1 à 3mm. Même une très faible variation d'épaisseur peut être intéressante , en particulier lorsque la surface textile de l'invention est intégrée dans un complexe multicouches, puisqu'il se crée alors une couche d'air qui, même minime, augmente les caractéristiques d'isolation du complexe.According to another particular embodiment of the surface of the invention, the type B wires and / or the type B wire groups are arranged in a single direction of the surface of the invention. In this case, under the action of heat and shrinkage of the type B wires, there is a deformation in relief of each portion of the surface between the son or group of son of type B, which deformation may be by an alternation of projecting zones and recessed zones, this alternation being balanced between two adjacent surface portions. Thus the textile surface of the invention forms cells in relief under the effect of heat. Cell is understood to mean a portion of the surface of the invention generally comprising type A yarns, not including type B yarns, and whose edges are formed by type B yarns and / or by an edge of the yarn. surface of the invention. For example, when the B-type yarns form a grid of the woven surface, the cells are squares delimited by the B-type yarns and the edges of the fabric. The size of the cells can be variable. It can in particular be chosen according to the desired thickness gain of the surface under the effect of heat. This thickness gain, which corresponds to the variation in the thickness of the surface due to the formation of the raised cells, is at least 0.5 mm and preferably from 1 to 3 mm. Even a very small variation in thickness can be advantageous, in particular when the textile surface of the invention is integrated in a multilayer complex, since an air layer is then created which, even if it is minimal, increases the characteristics of insulation of the complex.
En théorie , des cellules de grande taille permettent un gain d'épaisseur supérieur et donc une plus grande isolation thermique . Cependant dans le cas de cellules de grande taille , une contexture serrée est choisie de préférence, pour permettre une meilleure résistance à l'écrasement des cellules en relief.In theory, large cells allow greater thickness gain and therefore greater thermal insulation. However, in the case of large cells, a tight texture is preferably chosen to allow better resistance to crushing of the raised cells.
La contexture de la surface de l'invention peut également être variable. Elle peut notamment être choisie en fonction de la taille des cellules , tel que décrit ci- dessus. La contexture doit être choisie de manière adaptée notamment pour assurer une bonne résistance à l'écrasement des cellules en relief formées sous l'effet de la chaleur. Des cellules faisant de l'ordre de 5 mm entre deux fils ou groupement de fils de type B , présentent généralement une résistance à l'écrasement suffisante quelle que soit la contexture. La surface de l'invention peut être obtenue par tissage ou tricotage selon une méthode connue de l'homme du métier, en choisissant judicieusement la nature de chaque fil et sa position sur la surface . Par exemple pour une surface tissée le choix de chaque fil de trame et de chaque fil de chaîne doit être réalisé en fonction de la configuration finale de la surface souhaitée. Le tricotage est avantageusement réalisé à l'aide d'un métier chaîne de type avec trameur ; dans ce cas ce sont les fils de type B qui sont introduits en trame.The contexture of the surface of the invention may also be variable. It can in particular be chosen according to the size of the cells, as described above. The contexture must be chosen in a suitable manner, in particular to ensure good resistance to crushing of the raised cells formed under the effect of heat. Cells of the order of 5 mm between two son or group of son type B, generally have sufficient crush resistance regardless of the contexture. The surface of the invention can be obtained by weaving or knitting according to a method known to those skilled in the art, judiciously choosing the nature of each wire and its position on the surface. For example for a woven surface the choice of each weft yarn and each warp yarn must be made according to the final configuration of the desired surface. The knitting is advantageously carried out using a loom chain type with framer; in this case it is the type B son are introduced in the frame.
La présente invention concerne également des complexes multicouches entrant notamment dans la composition de vêtements de protection , comprenant la surface textile décrite ci-dessus. Ainsi la présente invention concerne un complexe multicouche pour vêtement de protection comprenant : - un textile externeThe present invention also relates to multilayer complexes entering especially in the composition of protective clothing, comprising the textile surface described above. Thus the present invention relates to a multilayer complex for protective clothing comprising: - an external textile
- une membrane imper-respirante éventuellement associée à un support- a waterproof-breathable membrane possibly associated with a support
- une surface textile telle que décrite ci-dessusa textile surface as described above
- éventuellement une barrière thermique (C) - éventuellement une doublure de finition (D)- optionally a thermal barrier (C) - possibly a finishing lining (D)
Dans de tels complexes , le choix de la nature des fils de type B de la surface textile de l'invention est notamment réalisé en fonction de la position de la surface textile dans le complexe (plus ou moins proche de l'extérieur). On choisira de préférence une nature de fil présentant un retrait à une température assez élevée lorsque la surface textile de l'invention est proche de l'extérieur , et une nature de fil présentant un retrait à une température plus basse , lorsque la surface textile de l'invention est proche de l'intérieur. Idéalement , le choix de la nature des fils de type B est réalisé de telle sorte que la rétraction totale des fils de type B ait lieu après la durée nécessaire pour atteindre le seuil de douleur lorsque la personne est en présence d'un flux thermique (seuil d'alerte) et avant la durée nécessaire pour l'apparition de brûlures . Ceci permet d'augmenter le « temps de fuite » que doit permettre un vêtement d'intervention de pompier.In such complexes, the choice of the nature of the type B son of the textile surface of the invention is in particular made according to the position of the textile surface in the complex (more or less close to the outside). Preferably, a yarn nature having shrinkage at a relatively high temperature will be selected when the textile surface of the invention is close to the outside, and a yarn nature having shrinkage at a lower temperature, when the textile surface of the invention is close to the interior. Ideally, the choice of the nature of the type B wires is made in such a way that the total retraction of the type B wires takes place after the time necessary to reach the pain threshold when the person is in the presence of a heat flux ( alert threshold) and before the duration necessary for the appearance of burns. This makes it possible to increase the "escape time" that a firefighter's intervention garment must allow.
La membrane est de préférence positionnée entre le textile externe et la surface textile de l'invention. Le textile externe est en matériau ignifugé. Il est destiné à former une face ou paroi qui ne sera pas en contact avec I' utilisateur. Par exemple , le textile ignifugé est de préférence constitué d'un tissu à base de fils de métaphénylène isophtalamide ou de polyamide-imide , avec éventuellement des fils de paraphénylène terephtalamide, et/ou des fils antistatiques ou autre para-aramide ou fils type PBO ou PBI (polybenzimidazole).The membrane is preferably positioned between the outer textile and the textile surface of the invention. The outer textile is made of flame retardant material. It is intended to form a face or wall that will not be in contact with the user. For example, the flame-retardant textile is preferably made of a fabric based on metaphenylene isophthalamide or polyamide-imide yarns, possibly with paraphenylene terephthalamide yarns, and / or antistatic or other para-aramid yarns or PBO yarns. or PBI (polybenzimidazole).
La membrane peut être constituée par un film microporeux ou hydrophile, par exemple à base de polytetrafluoroéthylène , de polyuréthane ignifugé ou de polyester.The membrane may be constituted by a microporous or hydrophilic film, for example based on polytetrafluoroethylene, flame-retarded polyurethane or polyester.
Le support éventuel de cette membrane peut être un support textile , tel qu'un tissu ou non-tissé à base de fibres de méta-aramide ou de polyamide- imide, associé par exemple par contre collage à la membrane. Selon un premier mode de réalisation particulier du complexe de l'invention, ce dernier comprend :The possible support of this membrane may be a textile support, such as a fabric or non-woven fabric based on meta-aramid or polyamide-imide fibers, for example associated by adhesive against the membrane. According to a first particular embodiment of the complex of the invention, the latter comprises:
- un textile externe- an external textile
- une membrane imper-respirante éventuellement associée à un support 5 - une surface textile telle que décrite ci-dessusa waterproof breathable membrane optionally associated with a support; a textile surface as described above;
- une doublure de finition (D)- a finishing lining (D)
Selon ce mode de réalisation, la surface textile de l'invention joue alors un rôle de barrière thermique , en remplacement du traditionnel feutre aiguilleté. Dans ce cas la nature des fils de type B de la surface textile de l'invention est o choisie de telle sorte que leur rétraction ait lieu à des températures relativement basses. Ce mode de réalisation est notamment illustré par l'exemple 4 et la figure 6.According to this embodiment, the textile surface of the invention then plays a role of thermal barrier, replacing the traditional needle felt. In this case the nature of the type B yarns of the textile surface of the invention is chosen so that their retraction takes place at relatively low temperatures. This embodiment is illustrated in particular by example 4 and FIG.
Selon un deuxième mode de réalisation particulier du complexe de l'invention, ce dernier comprend : 5 - un textile externeAccording to a second particular embodiment of the complex of the invention, the latter comprises: 5 - an external textile
- une surface textile décrite ci-dessus- a textile surface described above
- une membrane imper-respirante- a waterproof breathable membrane
- éventuellement une barrière thermique (C)optionally a thermal barrier (C)
- une doublure de finition (D) 0 et la surface textile de l'invention est contrecollée sur la membrane.- A finishing liner (D) 0 and the textile surface of the invention is laminated on the membrane.
Le contrecollage est réalisé selon toute méthode connue de l'homme du métier. Selon ce mode de réalisation, la surface textile de l'invention est de préférence positionnée entre la membrane et le textile externe. Ainsi elle joue à la fois un rôle de barrière thermique, mais également un rôle de protection 5 mécanique de la membrane , par exemple de résistance à la coupure de la membrane , élément fragile du complexe . En effet la surface textile de l'invention comprend préférentiellement des fils qui présentent de très bonnes propriétés de résistance mécanique de préférence de type paraaramide ou PBO. Ce mode de réalisation est notamment illustré par l'exemple 3 et la figure 5. 0 Selon un troisième mode de réalisation particulier du complexe de l'invention, ce dernier comprend : - un textile externeThe laminating is carried out according to any method known to those skilled in the art. According to this embodiment, the textile surface of the invention is preferably positioned between the membrane and the outer textile. Thus it plays both a role of thermal barrier, but also a role of mechanical protection of the membrane, for example of resistance to breakage of the membrane, a fragile element of the complex. In fact, the textile surface of the invention preferably comprises yarns which have very good mechanical strength properties, preferably of the paraaramide or PBO type. This embodiment is illustrated in particular by Example 3 and FIG. 5. According to a third particular embodiment of the complex of the invention, the latter comprises: - an external textile
- une membrane imper-respirante- a waterproof breathable membrane
- une surface textile décrite ci-dessus- a textile surface described above
- éventuellement une barrière thermique (C) - une doublure de finition (D) et la surface textile est contrecollée sur la membrane et la membrane est contrecollée sur le textile externe.- optionally a thermal barrier (C) - a finishing liner (D) and the textile surface is laminated on the membrane and the membrane is laminated on the outer fabric.
La disposition des couches dans le complexe , de l'extérieur vers l'intérieur du vêtement , est donc la suivante : ensemble laminé formé par textile externe/membrane imper-respirante/surface textile de l'inventeur, puis éventuellement barrière thermique (C) puis enfin doublure de finition (D)The arrangement of the layers in the complex, from the outside to the inside of the garment, is therefore as follows: outer textile / breathable membrane / textile surface of the inventor, then optionally thermal barrier (C) then finally finish lining (D)
Le contrecollage est réalisé selon toute méthode connue de l'homme du métier. Selon ce mode de réalisation , la surface de l'invention joue à la fois un rôle de barrière thermique , de renfort mécanique de la membrane et du textile externe grâce aux fils de préférence de type paraaramide ou PBO de la surface de l'invention. Elle permet également d'assurer une bonne résistance à la chaleur de l'ensemble du complexe. Selon ce mode de réalisation, les fils de type B de la surface textile de l'invention sont de préférence des fils présentant une importante force de rétraction et/ou la surface comporte un pourcentage important en poids de ces fils. Ce mode de réalisation est notamment illustré par l'exemple 2 et les figures 3 et 4.The laminating is carried out according to any method known to those skilled in the art. According to this embodiment, the surface of the invention plays both a role of thermal barrier, mechanical reinforcement of the membrane and the outer textile thanks to the preferably pararamide or PBO type son of the surface of the invention. It also ensures good heat resistance of the entire complex. According to this embodiment, the type B yarns of the textile surface of the invention are preferably yarns having a large retractive force and / or the surface comprises a significant percentage by weight of these yarns. This embodiment is illustrated in particular by example 2 and FIGS. 3 and 4.
L'ensemble laminé (textile externe/membrane imper-respirante/surface textile de l'invention) selon ce troisième mode de réalisation particulier décrit ci- dessus peut être utilisé comme couche extérieure entrant dans la composition de complexes tels qu'illustrés à la figure 1. Cette couche extérieure présente une fonction de barrière thermique , elle est très thermostable et résistante notamment grâce aux fils de préférence de type paraaramide ou PBO de la surface de l'invention ; elle présente un très bon vieillissement , notamment visuel. Une remarque concernant le dernier avantage du vieillissement : un textile externe de vêtement d'intervention est généralement composé de mélanges contenant des fibres de type para-aramide présentant des problèmes de défauts d'aspect au lavage et une perte de résistance mécanique après exposition aux UV. Dans le type d'ensemble laminé décrit précédemment , le textile externe, grâce au renfort des fils de type para-aramide de la surface de l'invention peut donc se passer de ces matériaux et n'être en fait qu'un textile de « décor ». Ainsi le textile externe présente alors un bon vieillissement visuel car il ne contient pas de fils de type paraaramide ; et les fils de paraaramide , présents dans la surface de l'invention et donc à l'abri de la lumière , ne perdent pas leurs propriétés de résistance avec le temps.The laminated assembly (external textile / breathable membrane / textile surface of the invention) according to this third particular embodiment described above can be used as an outer layer used in the composition of complexes as illustrated in FIG. 1. This outer layer has a thermal barrier function, it is very thermostable and resistant especially thanks to the son of paraaramide or PBO type preferably the surface of the invention; it has a very good aging, especially visual. A remark concerning the last advantage of aging: an outer garment intervention textile is generally composed of mixtures containing para-aramid fibers with defect problems washing appearance and loss of mechanical strength after UV exposure. In the type of laminated assembly described above, the outer textile, thanks to the reinforcement of the para-aramid type of son of the surface of the invention can therefore do without these materials and be in fact a textile of " decor ". Thus the outer textile then has a good visual aging because it does not contain paraaramide type son; and the paraaramide threads, present in the surface of the invention and thus protected from light, do not lose their strength properties over time.
La surface selon l'invention ainsi que les complexes de l'invention décrits ci- dessus trouvent une application particulièrement avantageuse pour la confection d'un vêtement pour la protection contre les risques liés au feu , par exemple une veste de sapeur-pompier. Description sommaire des dessinsThe surface according to the invention as well as the complexes of the invention described above find a particularly advantageous application for the manufacture of a garment for protection against the risks associated with fire, for example a firefighter's jacket. Brief description of the drawings
L'invention et les avantages qu'elle apporte seront cependant mieux compris grâce aux exemples de surfaces textiles et de complexes conformes à l'invention et qui sont illustrés par les schémas annexés dans lesquels :The invention and the advantages that it brings will however be better understood thanks to the examples of textile surfaces and complexes according to the invention which are illustrated by the appended diagrams in which:
La figure 1 illustre , comme indiqué précédemment , un complexe multicouches conventionnel utilisé à ce jour pour la réalisation de vêtements de personnel d'intervention dans des conditions de risques , notamment de vêtements de sapeurs-pompiers.Figure 1 illustrates, as previously indicated, a conventional multilayer complex used to date for the production of emergency personnel clothing under hazardous conditions, including clothing firefighters.
La figure 2 représente une armure de tissage d'un tissu conforme à l'invention.FIG. 2 represents a weave of a weave according to the invention.
La figure 3 est une vue schématique d'un complexe conforme au troisième mode de réalisation particulier de l'invention. La figure 4 est une vue schématique en perspective de l'évolution d'un complexe conforme au troisième mode de réalisation particulier de l'invention lorsque l'utilisateur se trouve confronté à un changement brutal des conditions opératoires, et plus particulièrement à une augmentation soudaine de chaleur.Figure 3 is a schematic view of a complex according to the third particular embodiment of the invention. FIG. 4 is a schematic perspective view of the evolution of a complex according to the third particular embodiment of the invention when the user is confronted with a sudden change in the operating conditions, and more particularly with a sudden increase. heat.
La figure 5 est une vue schématique d'un complexe conforme au deuxième mode de réalisation particulier de l'invention. La figure 6 est une vue schématique d'un complexe conforme au premier mode de réalisation particulier de l'invention.Figure 5 is a schematic view of a complex according to the second particular embodiment of the invention. Figure 6 is a schematic view of a complex according to the first particular embodiment of the invention.
EXEMPLES :EXAMPLES
Exemple 1 : Tissu selon l'invention comprenant des fils de para-aramide et des fils de polyamide-imide.Example 1: Fabric according to the invention comprising para-aramid son and polyamide-imide son.
On réalise un tissu conforme à l'invention, dont l'armure de tissage est illustrée par la figure 2.A fabric according to the invention is produced, the weave of which is illustrated in FIG.
Les fils de type A sont des fils de para-aramide (Twaron ® 100% craqué , le titre de ces fils étant égal à Nm 8O/2. Les fils de type B sont des fils de polyamide-imide (Kermel Tech® 100%, le titre de ces fils étant égal à Nm 70/2.Type A yarns are para-aramid yarns (100% cracked Twaron ®, the yarn count being Nm 8O / 2) and type B yarns are polyamide-imide yarns (Kermel Tech® 100%). , the title of these wires being equal to Nm 70/2.
La contexture du tissu est la suivante : en chaîne , 27 fils / cm ; en trame , 22 duites /cm.The texture of the fabric is as follows: in chain, 27 threads / cm; in weft, 22 picks / cm.
L'armure est de type toile , avec une alternance en chaîne de 14 fils de type A et de 2 fils de type B, et en trame de 12 fils de type A et de 2 fils de type B.The armor is of linen type, with a chain alternation of 14 type A and 2 type B wires, and of 12 type A and 2 type B wires.
La masse surfacique de ce tissu est d'environ 130 g/cm2.The mass per unit area of this fabric is about 130 g / cm 2 .
Exemple 2 : Complexe multicouche comprenant le tissu de l'exemple 1.Example 2 Multilayer complex comprising the fabric of Example 1.
Un complexe multicouche est construit à partir d'un ensemble laminé ELI qui consiste en 3 couches laminées décrites ci-dessous et à partir d'une doublure de finition de type (D) décrite ci-dessous.A multilayer complex is constructed from an ELI laminated assembly which consists of 3 laminated layers described below and from a type (D) finish liner described below.
Ensemble Laminé ELi :ELi Laminated Package:
- Couche 1 : textile externe : toile Kermel ®/ fibre antistatique R-Stat®98/2 en poids , masse surfacique 145 g/m2, contexture 26 x 22 fils / cm , titre Nm 68/2- Layer 1: external textile: Kermel ® fabric / antistatic fiber R-Stat®98 / 2 by weight, surface mass 145 g / m 2 , thread count 26 x 22 yarn / cm, heading Nm 68/2
- couche 2 : membrane polyuréthane hydrophile - couche 3 : tissu décrit dans l'exemple 1layer 2: hydrophilic polyurethane membrane - layer 3: fabric described in example 1
Doublure de finition de type (D) : sergé kermel ® / viscose FR® commercialisée par la société Lensing 70/30 en poids , masse surfacique 130 g/m2, contexture 42 x 30 fils / cm , titre Nm 60/1.Finishing lining type (D): kermel ® / viscose FR® twill marketed by Lensing 70/30 by weight, weight per unit area 130 g / m 2 , thread size 42 x 30 thread / cm, heading Nm 60/1.
La figure 3 est une vue schématique du complexe : de haut en bas dans l'ensemble laminé ELI sont représentés la couche 1 , la couche 2 puis la couche 3. La figure 4 est une vue schématique en perspective de l'évolution du complexe comprenant le tissu conforme à l'invention (support réactif) lorsque l'utilisateur se trouve confronté à un changement brutal des conditions opératoires, et plus particulièrement à une augmentation soudaine de chaleur. Le tissu extérieur sur la figure 4 correspond à la couche 1 , la membrane sur la figure 4 correspond à la couche 2. Lorsque les fils de type B (qui forment un quadrillage sur la figure 4) subissent l'effet de la chaleur , les bords des cellules formées par ceux-ci vont se rapprocher , tandis que la chaleur n'a pas ou peu d'effet sur les fils de type A formant l'intérieur des cellules . Ainsi des cloques en relief vont se former : la capacité isolante de la structure est donc augmentée par piegeage d'air, lorsque le risque thermique est présent , par augmentation soudaine de chaleur par exemple.FIG. 3 is a schematic view of the complex: from top to bottom in the laminated assembly ELI are represented the layer 1, the layer 2 and then the layer 3. FIG. 4 is a schematic perspective view of the evolution of the complex comprising the fabric according to the invention (reactive support) when the user is confronted with a sudden change in the operating conditions, and more particularly with a sudden increase in heat. The outer fabric in FIG. 4 corresponds to the layer 1, the membrane in FIG. 4 corresponds to the layer 2. When the type B wires (which form a grid in FIG. 4) undergo the effect of the heat, the The edges of the cells formed by these will come closer, while the heat has little or no effect on the A-type wires forming the inside of the cells. Thus, raised blisters will form: the insulating capacity of the structure is thus increased by air entrapment, when the thermal risk is present, by sudden increase of heat for example.
Il est à noter que la capacité de rétraction des fils de type B n'est pas contrariée par l'adhésion de la membrane du fait qu'à la température à laquelle intervient cette rétraction, la membrane s'est déjà au moins en partie désagrégée. Exemple 3 : Complexe multicouche comprenant le tissu de l'exemple 1 Un complexe multicouche est construit à partir d'un textile externe A, d'un ensemble laminé EL2 qui consiste en 2 couches laminées , et d'une doublure de finition de type (D) , ces éléments étant décrits ci-dessous. Textile externe = toile rip-stop Kermel HTA ® (64% Kermel ® / 35 % Technora ®/l% fibre antistatique inox en poids), masse surfacique : 205 g/m2, contexture 22 x 22 fils / cm , titre Nm 45/2 Ensemble laminé EL2It should be noted that the retraction capacity of the type B wires is not hindered by the adhesion of the membrane because at the temperature at which this retraction occurs, the membrane has already at least partially broken down . Example 3 Multilayer Complex Comprising the Fabric of Example 1 A multilayer complex is constructed from an outer textile A, a laminated assembly EL2 consisting of two laminated layers, and a type finishing liner ( D), these elements being described below. External textile = Kermel HTA ® rip-stop fabric (64% Kermel ® / 35% Technora ® / l% stainless steel anti-static fiber by weight), surface mass: 205 g / m 2 , thread count 22 x 22 yarn / cm, heading Nm 45 / 2 EL2 laminated assembly
- Couche 1 : tissu décrit dans l'exemple 1 - Couche 2 : membrane PTFE expansé , laminée sur la couche 1Layer 1: fabric described in example 1 - layer 2: expanded PTFE membrane laminated on layer 1
Doublure de finition de type (D) : sergé Kermel ©/viscose FR® commercialisée par la société Lensing 70/30 en poids , masse surfacique : 130 g/m2, contexture 42 x 30 fils / cm, titre : Nm 60/1. La figure 5 est une vue schématique du complexe : de haut en bas dans le système B sont représentées la couche 1 puis la couche 2.Finishing lining type (D): Twill Kermel © / Viscose FR® sold by the company Lensing 70/30 by weight, weight per unit area: 130 g / m 2 , thread size 42 x 30 thread / cm, title: Nm 60/1 . FIG. 5 is a schematic view of the complex: from top to bottom in the system B are represented the layer 1 and then the layer 2.
Exemple 4 : Complexe multicouche comprenant le tissu de l'exemple 1 Un complexe multicouche est construit à partir d'un textile externe A , d'une membrane B associée à un support , du tissu conforme à l'invention C, et d'une doublure D de finition de type (D), ces éléments étant décrits ci-dessous. Textile externe : satin rip-stop Kermel ®/ fibre antistatique 98/2 en poids, masse surfacique : 245 g/m2, contexture 36 x 32 fils / cm , titre : Nm 60/2.Example 4 Multilayer Complex Comprising the Tissue of Example 1 A multilayer complex is constructed from an outer textile A, a membrane B associated with a support, the fabric according to the invention C, and a finishing lining D of type (D), these elements being described below. Outer textile: Kermel ® rip-stop satin / anti-static fiber 98/2 by weight, surface mass: 245 g / m 2 , 36 x 32 thread count / cm, heading: Nm 60/2.
Membrane polyuréthane hydrophile laminée sur un support : non tissé KermelHydrophilic polyurethane membrane laminated on a substrate: non-woven Kermel
®/Twaron® 65/35 en poids , de masse surfacique 95 g/m2.® / Twaron® 65/35 by weight, weight per unit area 95 g / m 2 .
Tissu décrit dans l'exemple 1.Fabric described in Example 1.
Doublure de finition de type (D) : doublure toile Kermel ©/viscose FR® commercialisée par la société Lenzing 50/50 en poids , masse surfacique : 115 g/m2, contexture 30 x 30 fils / cm , titre : 45/1. La figure 6 est une vue schématique du complexe.Finishing lining of type (D): Kermel © / Viscose FR® fabric lining marketed by Lenzing 50/50 by weight, basis weight: 115 g / m 2 , 30 x 30 thread count / cm, title: 45/1 . Figure 6 is a schematic view of the complex.
La présente invention n'est pas limitée aux modes de réalisation décrits ci- dessus à titre d'exemples non exhaustifs. S'agissant de la surface textile , sous forme tissée , l'armure peut être du type sergé , notamment lorsqu'on souhaite former les flottés , par exemple des flottés de 3 , avec les fils de type B.The present invention is not limited to the embodiments described above by way of non-exhaustive examples. With regard to the textile surface, in woven form, the weave may be of the twill type, in particular when it is desired to form the floats, for example floats of 3, with the type B yarns.
S'agissant de la surface textile sous forme tricotée , la configuration des mailles n'est pas très favorable à l'effet recherché pour ce qui concerne les fils de type B , dans la mesure où la rétraction de ces fils se traduira en partie par la déformation de la maille elle-même. Il est donc souhaitable que les fils de type B soient les plus rectilignes possibles , notamment sous forme de trames insérées dans les colonnes de mailles du tricot.As regards the textile surface in knitted form, the configuration of the stitches is not very favorable to the desired effect with regard to the type B yarns, insofar as the retraction of these yarns will result in part by the deformation of the mesh itself. It is therefore desirable that the type B son are as straight as possible, especially in the form of frames inserted in the knit stitch columns.
Lorsque la surface textile de l'invention est mise en œuvre dans un laminé trois couches avec une membrane imper-respirante contrecollée entre ladite surface et un textile externe, se pose le problème de l'étanchéité des coutures lors de la confection du vêtement. Cette étanchéité est réalisée habituellement en appliquant sur la face intérieure , le long de la couture de la colle et une membrane d'étanchéité. Pour que la colle puisse pénétrer à travers la surface textile de l'invention, il faut créer dans ladite surface , au niveau de la couture, une porosité suffisante pour obtenir cette pénétration. When the textile surface of the invention is implemented in a three-layer laminate with a breathable membrane laminated between said surface and an outer textile, there is the problem of tightness of the seams during the making of the garment. This seal is usually achieved by applying on the inside, along the seam of the glue and a waterproofing membrane. For the glue to penetrate through the textile surface of the invention, it is necessary to create in said surface, at the level of the seam, a porosity sufficient to obtain this penetration.

Claims

REVENDICATIONS
1. Surface textile pour isolation thermique notamment pour la réalisation de vêtements de protection, présentant une fonction de barrière thermique, comprenant des fils de type A thermostables et présentant peu ou pas de retrait sous l'effet de la chaleur , et des fils et/ou des groupements de fils de type B présentant un retrait sous l'effet de la chaleur , caractérisée en ce que les fils et/ou groupements de fils de type B sont répartis selon au moins une direction de la surface et séparés au moins en partie par des fils de type A , de manière à ce que la surface forme des cellules en relief sous l'effet de la chaleur et de la rétraction préférentielle des fils et/ou groupements de fils de type B.1. Textile surface for thermal insulation, particularly for the production of protective clothing having a thermal barrier function, comprising thermostable type A yarns with little or no shrinkage under the effect of heat, and yarns and / or or groups of B-type yarns with shrinkage under the effect of heat, characterized in that the yarns and / or groups of B-type yarns are distributed in at least one direction of the surface and separated at least in part by wires of type A, so that the surface forms cells in relief under the effect of the heat and the preferential shrinkage of the son and / or groups of type B wires.
2. Surface textile selon la revendication 1 , caractérisée en ce qu'elle est tissée, en armure toile ou sergée.2. Textile surface according to claim 1, characterized in that it is woven, plain weave or twill.
3. Surface textile selon l'une des revendications 1 ou 2 caractérisée en ce que des fils de type B forment des flottés, par exemple de 3.3. Textile surface according to one of claims 1 or 2 characterized in that son type B form floats, for example 3.
4. Surface textile selon la revendication 1 , caractérisée en ce qu'elle est tricotée sur métier chaîne avec trameur et en ce que les fils de type B sont des fils de trame.4. Textile surface according to claim 1, characterized in that it is knitted on warp loom with framer and in that the son of type B are weft son.
5. Surface textile selon l'une des revendications 1 à 4, caractérisée en ce que les fils de type A sont des fils du type para-aramides ou PBO.5. Textile surface according to one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that the son of type A are son of para-aramid type or PBO.
6. Surface textile selon l'une des revendications précédentes , caractérisée en ce que les fils de type B sont des fils du type méta-aramides.6. Textile surface according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the type B son are son of the meta-aramid type.
7. Surface textile selon l'une des revendications précédentes, caractérisée en ce qu'elle comprend au moins 20% en poids de fils de type A , de préférence au moins 60% en poids de fils de type A.Textile surface according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that it comprises at least 20% by weight of type A yarns, preferably at least 60% by weight of type A yarns.
8. Surface textile selon l'une des revendications précédentes , caractérisée en ce que les groupements de fils de type B comprennent entre 2 et 10 fils de type B.8. Textile surface according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the groups of type B son comprise between 2 and 10 type B son.
9. Surface textile selon l'une des revendications précédentes , caractérisée en ce que les fils de type B et ou les groupements de fils de type B sont séparés par un nombre de fils de type A compris entre 3 et 30, de préférence de 10 à 15.9. Textile surface according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the type B son and or group of type B son are separated by a number of son of type A between 3 and 30, preferably from 10 to 15.
10. Surface textile selon l'une des revendications précédentes , caractérisée en ce que la répartition des fils de type B et/ou des groupements de fils de type B, selon au moins une direction de la surface , est régulière , de préférence ceux-ci étant distants de l'ordre de 5 mm.10. Textile surface according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the distribution of type B son and / or groups of type B son, in at least one direction of the surface, is regular, preferably those ci being distant of the order of 5 mm.
11. Surface textile selon l'une des revendications précédentes , caractérisée en ce que les fils de type B et/ou les groupements de fils de type B forment un quadrillage , par exemple des carrés ou des rectangles. 11. Textile surface according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the type B son and / or groups of type B son form a grid, for example squares or rectangles.
12. Surface textile selon l'une des revendications 1 à 10, caractérisée en ce que les fils de type B et/ou les groupements de fils de type B sont disposés selon une seule direction.12. Textile surface according to one of claims 1 to 10, characterized in that the type B son and / or groups of type B son are arranged in a single direction.
13. Surface textile selon l'une des revendications 1 à 12, caractérisée en ce que, sous l'effet de la chaleur , les cellules développent un relief d'au moins 0,5mm , de préférence de 1 à 3 mm.13. Textile surface according to one of claims 1 to 12, characterized in that, under the effect of heat, the cells develop a relief of at least 0.5mm, preferably 1 to 3 mm.
14. Complexe multicouche pour vêtement de protection comprenant :14. Multilayer complex for protective clothing comprising:
- un textile externe- an external textile
- une membrane imper-respirante éventuellement associée à un support- a waterproof-breathable membrane possibly associated with a support
- une surface textile selon l'une des revendications 1 à 13 - éventuellement une barrière thermique (C)- A textile surface according to one of claims 1 to 13 - optionally a thermal barrier (C)
- éventuellement une doublure de finition (D)- possibly a finishing lining (D)
15. Complexe selon la revendication 14, caractérisé en ce que la membrane imper-respirante est positionnée entre le textile externe et la surface textile. 15. Complex according to claim 14, characterized in that the waterproof-breathable membrane is positioned between the outer textile and the textile surface.
16. Complexe selon la revendication 14 , caractérisé en ce qu'il comprend :16. Complex according to claim 14, characterized in that it comprises:
- un textile externe- an external textile
- une surface textile selon l'une des revendications 1 à 13- A textile surface according to one of claims 1 to 13
- une membrane imper-respirante- a waterproof breathable membrane
- éventuellement une barrière thermique (C) - une doublure de finition (D) et en ce que la surface textile est contrecollée sur la membrane. - optionally a thermal barrier (C) - a finishing liner (D) and in that the textile surface is laminated on the membrane.
17. Complexe selon la revendication 16, caractérisée en ce que la surface textile est positionnée entre la membrane et le textile externe.17. Complex according to claim 16, characterized in that the textile surface is positioned between the membrane and the outer textile.
18. Complexe selon l'une des revendications 14 ou 15, caractérisé en ce qu'il comprend : - un textile externe18. Complex according to one of claims 14 or 15, characterized in that it comprises: - an external textile
- une membrane imper-respirante- a waterproof breathable membrane
- une surface textile selon l'une des revendications 1 à 13- A textile surface according to one of claims 1 to 13
- éventuellement une barrière thermique (C)optionally a thermal barrier (C)
- une doublure de finition (D) en ce que la surface textile est contrecollée sur la membrane et la membrane est contrecollée sur le textile externe, et en ce que la disposition des couches dans le complexe , de l'extérieur vers l'intérieur du vêtement, est la suivante : textile externe , membrane imper- respirante, surface textile , éventuellement barrière thermique (C) puis doublure de finition (D).- a finishing liner (D) in that the textile surface is laminated on the membrane and the membrane is laminated on the outer textile, and in that the arrangement of the layers in the complex, from the outside to the inside of the garment, is the following: external textile, breathable membrane, textile surface, possibly thermal barrier (C) and finishing lining (D).
19. Utilisation du complexe selon la revendication 18 comme couche extérieure d'un complexe multicouches pour vêtement de protection , notamment pour sapeurs-pompiers.19. Use of the complex according to claim 18 as an outer layer of a multilayer complex for protective clothing, especially for firefighters.
20. Utilisation de la surface textile selon l'une des revendications 1 à 13 et/ou du complexe selon l'une des revendications 14 à 18 pour la réalisation d'un vêtement de protection, notamment pour sapeurs-pompiers. 20. Use of the textile surface according to one of claims 1 to 13 and / or the complex according to one of claims 14 to 18 for the realization of a protective clothing, especially for firefighters.
EP20040742662 2003-05-06 2004-05-06 Textile surface which can be used to produce protective clothing, in particular, for fire fighters, and multilayer complexes comprising said surface Expired - Lifetime EP1624767B1 (en)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
PL04742662T PL1624767T3 (en) 2003-05-06 2004-05-06 Textile surface which can be used to produce protective clothing, in particular, for fire fighters, and multilayer complexes comprising said surface

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
FR0305486A FR2854547B1 (en) 2003-05-06 2003-05-06 TEXTILE SURFACE USEFUL FOR CARRYING OUT PROTECTIVE CLOTHING, ESPECIALLY FOR FLAME-FIREFIGHTERS AND MULTILAYER COMPLEXES COMPRISING SAID SURFACE
PCT/FR2004/001103 WO2004098329A1 (en) 2003-05-06 2004-05-06 Textile surface which can be used to produce protective clothing, in particular, for fire fighters, and multilayer complexes comprising said surface

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP1624767A1 true EP1624767A1 (en) 2006-02-15
EP1624767B1 EP1624767B1 (en) 2008-12-24

Family

ID=33306174

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP20040742662 Expired - Lifetime EP1624767B1 (en) 2003-05-06 2004-05-06 Textile surface which can be used to produce protective clothing, in particular, for fire fighters, and multilayer complexes comprising said surface

Country Status (11)

Country Link
US (1) US20070026752A1 (en)
EP (1) EP1624767B1 (en)
AT (1) ATE418277T1 (en)
CA (1) CA2524790C (en)
DE (1) DE602004018632D1 (en)
DK (1) DK1624767T3 (en)
ES (1) ES2319994T3 (en)
FR (1) FR2854547B1 (en)
PL (1) PL1624767T3 (en)
PT (1) PT1624767E (en)
WO (1) WO2004098329A1 (en)

Families Citing this family (10)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US9782947B2 (en) * 2007-05-25 2017-10-10 W. L. Gore & Associates, Inc. Fire resistant laminates and articles made therefrom
US20090029618A1 (en) * 2007-07-27 2009-01-29 General Electric Company Waterproof breathable high-vis arc resistant laminate
US9386816B2 (en) 2012-02-14 2016-07-12 International Textile Group, Inc. Fire resistant garments containing a high lubricity thermal liner
CN102733501B (en) * 2012-06-20 2014-12-10 黄山永新股份有限公司 Protective film for STP building exterior wall thermal-insulation fire-retardant material
CA2930126C (en) 2015-05-21 2023-07-18 International Textile Group, Inc. Inner lining fabric
EP3402355A4 (en) * 2016-01-14 2019-11-13 Southern Mills, Inc. Improved flame resistant thermal liners and garments made with same
EP3440951B1 (en) * 2016-04-05 2023-02-15 Teijin Limited Fabric, multilayer structured fabric, and fiber product
US11259398B2 (en) * 2017-03-31 2022-02-22 Magna Seating Inc. Electrical circuit board with low thermal conductivity and method of constructing thereof
JP7021265B2 (en) * 2017-06-29 2022-02-16 日本ゴア合同会社 Flame resistant composite articles and methods
WO2020198668A1 (en) 2019-03-28 2020-10-01 Southern Mills, Inc. Flame resistant fabrics

Family Cites Families (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
BE553195A (en) * 1955-12-16 1900-01-01
DE29805867U1 (en) * 1998-03-31 1999-08-26 Boco Gmbh & Co Fabrics for work clothing
FR2792011B1 (en) * 1999-04-12 2001-06-29 C I M E "FIRE-RESISTANT" TECHNICAL FABRICS, WITH COLOR AND / OR "HIGH VISIBILITY" CHARACTERISTICS, CORRESPONDING PROTECTIVE CLOTHING, AND THEIR MANUFACTURING METHOD
DE20006448U1 (en) * 2000-04-07 2000-06-15 Theodolf Fritsche Gmbh & Co Protective clothing fabric
US6287686B1 (en) * 2000-05-31 2001-09-11 Chapman Thermal Products, Inc. Fire retardant and heat resistant yarns and fabrics made therefrom
FR2816176B1 (en) * 2000-11-03 2002-12-20 Kermel HIGH VISIBILITY TEXTILE SURFACE
DE202004005008U1 (en) * 2004-03-30 2004-06-24 E.I. Du Pont De Nemours And Company, Wilmington Textile fabrics for protective clothing

Non-Patent Citations (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Title
See references of WO2004098329A1 *

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
PT1624767E (en) 2009-03-31
FR2854547B1 (en) 2005-08-05
FR2854547A1 (en) 2004-11-12
ATE418277T1 (en) 2009-01-15
PL1624767T3 (en) 2009-07-31
CA2524790C (en) 2013-03-19
WO2004098329A1 (en) 2004-11-18
EP1624767B1 (en) 2008-12-24
US20070026752A1 (en) 2007-02-01
CA2524790A1 (en) 2004-11-18
DK1624767T3 (en) 2009-04-27
DE602004018632D1 (en) 2009-02-05
ES2319994T3 (en) 2009-05-18

Similar Documents

Publication Publication Date Title
EP1441612B1 (en) Sheet of complex, multi-layer material which can be used to produce protective clothing, particularly for fire fighters
CA2591218C (en) Multilayer material for heat protective garments
EP1129633B1 (en) Insulation, thermal and fire barrier, process for making the same and clothing provided with this barrier, at least as internal insulation layer
EP1624767B1 (en) Textile surface which can be used to produce protective clothing, in particular, for fire fighters, and multilayer complexes comprising said surface
EP1098575A1 (en) Textile complex for making clothes for protection against heat
FR2846202A1 (en) Fire-resistant and impermeable textile material has network of flocked fibres to create air spaces for insulation
EP3237659B1 (en) Fabric for manufacturing garments for fire protection
CA2464718C (en) Heat insulating textile complex
CA2441591C (en) Reinforced fabric
EP2108724B1 (en) Weaving method for making a heating textile web and heating textile web
FR2846201A1 (en) Composite fire-resistant and waterproof textile material e.g. for firefighters' garments has outer layer made from two non-woven layers connected by felted bridges
CA2564701C (en) Anti-chimney-effect jacket
EP1413213B1 (en) Flameproof, waterproof composite textile with three dimensional thread network
FR2831773A1 (en) Multilayer sheet material for protective clothing, especially for firemen, has a double external layer which shrinks when exposed to heat, with pockets between layers formed by linking selected threads
FR2856336A1 (en) SHEET OF THERMOPLASTIC MATERIAL REINFORCED WITH UNIDIRECTIONAL REINFORCING ELEMENTS, AND MANUFACTURING METHOD
FR2842077A1 (en) REINFORCEMENT TEXTILE COMPRISING A WIRE ARRAY

Legal Events

Date Code Title Description
PUAI Public reference made under article 153(3) epc to a published international application that has entered the european phase

Free format text: ORIGINAL CODE: 0009012

17P Request for examination filed

Effective date: 20051103

AK Designated contracting states

Kind code of ref document: A1

Designated state(s): AT BE BG CH CY CZ DE DK EE ES FI FR GB GR HU IE IT LI LU MC NL PL PT RO SE SI SK TR

DAX Request for extension of the european patent (deleted)
GRAP Despatch of communication of intention to grant a patent

Free format text: ORIGINAL CODE: EPIDOSNIGR1

GRAS Grant fee paid

Free format text: ORIGINAL CODE: EPIDOSNIGR3

GRAA (expected) grant

Free format text: ORIGINAL CODE: 0009210

AK Designated contracting states

Kind code of ref document: B1

Designated state(s): AT BE BG CH CY CZ DE DK EE ES FI FR GB GR HU IE IT LI LU MC NL PL PT RO SE SI SK TR

REG Reference to a national code

Ref country code: GB

Ref legal event code: FG4D

Free format text: NOT ENGLISH

REG Reference to a national code

Ref country code: CH

Ref legal event code: EP

REG Reference to a national code

Ref country code: IE

Ref legal event code: FG4D

Free format text: LANGUAGE OF EP DOCUMENT: FRENCH

REF Corresponds to:

Ref document number: 602004018632

Country of ref document: DE

Date of ref document: 20090205

Kind code of ref document: P

REG Reference to a national code

Ref country code: RO

Ref legal event code: EPE

REG Reference to a national code

Ref country code: PT

Ref legal event code: SC4A

Free format text: AVAILABILITY OF NATIONAL TRANSLATION

Effective date: 20090320

Ref country code: CH

Ref legal event code: NV

Representative=s name: BOVARD AG PATENTANWAELTE

REG Reference to a national code

Ref country code: GR

Ref legal event code: EP

Ref document number: 20090400751

Country of ref document: GR

REG Reference to a national code

Ref country code: SE

Ref legal event code: TRGR

REG Reference to a national code

Ref country code: DK

Ref legal event code: T3

REG Reference to a national code

Ref country code: ES

Ref legal event code: FG2A

Ref document number: 2319994

Country of ref document: ES

Kind code of ref document: T3

PG25 Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: FI

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT

Effective date: 20081224

Ref country code: SI

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT

Effective date: 20081224

PG25 Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: EE

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT

Effective date: 20081224

Ref country code: BG

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT

Effective date: 20090324

REG Reference to a national code

Ref country code: PL

Ref legal event code: T3

PG25 Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: CZ

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT

Effective date: 20081224

PG25 Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: SK

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT

Effective date: 20081224

PLBE No opposition filed within time limit

Free format text: ORIGINAL CODE: 0009261

STAA Information on the status of an ep patent application or granted ep patent

Free format text: STATUS: NO OPPOSITION FILED WITHIN TIME LIMIT

26N No opposition filed

Effective date: 20090925

PG25 Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: MC

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF NON-PAYMENT OF DUE FEES

Effective date: 20090531

REG Reference to a national code

Ref country code: CH

Ref legal event code: PFA

Owner name: KERMEL

Free format text: KERMEL#20, RUE AMPERE#68000 COLMAR (FR) -TRANSFER TO- KERMEL#20, RUE AMPERE#68000 COLMAR (FR)

PG25 Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: LU

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF NON-PAYMENT OF DUE FEES

Effective date: 20090506

PG25 Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: HU

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT

Effective date: 20090625

PG25 Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: CY

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT

Effective date: 20081224

REG Reference to a national code

Ref country code: FR

Ref legal event code: PLFP

Year of fee payment: 13

REG Reference to a national code

Ref country code: FR

Ref legal event code: PLFP

Year of fee payment: 14

REG Reference to a national code

Ref country code: FR

Ref legal event code: PLFP

Year of fee payment: 15

PGFP Annual fee paid to national office [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: NL

Payment date: 20180413

Year of fee payment: 15

PGFP Annual fee paid to national office [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: PT

Payment date: 20180418

Year of fee payment: 15

Ref country code: IE

Payment date: 20180423

Year of fee payment: 15

Ref country code: DK

Payment date: 20180419

Year of fee payment: 15

Ref country code: CH

Payment date: 20180522

Year of fee payment: 15

PGFP Annual fee paid to national office [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: GR

Payment date: 20180521

Year of fee payment: 16

Ref country code: PL

Payment date: 20180413

Year of fee payment: 15

Ref country code: AT

Payment date: 20180419

Year of fee payment: 15

Ref country code: BE

Payment date: 20180530

Year of fee payment: 15

Ref country code: TR

Payment date: 20180411

Year of fee payment: 15

PGFP Annual fee paid to national office [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: SE

Payment date: 20180516

Year of fee payment: 15

REG Reference to a national code

Ref country code: CH

Ref legal event code: PL

REG Reference to a national code

Ref country code: DK

Ref legal event code: EBP

Effective date: 20190531

REG Reference to a national code

Ref country code: NL

Ref legal event code: MM

Effective date: 20190601

REG Reference to a national code

Ref country code: AT

Ref legal event code: MM01

Ref document number: 418277

Country of ref document: AT

Kind code of ref document: T

Effective date: 20190506

PG25 Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: CH

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF NON-PAYMENT OF DUE FEES

Effective date: 20190531

Ref country code: LI

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF NON-PAYMENT OF DUE FEES

Effective date: 20190531

Ref country code: PT

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF NON-PAYMENT OF DUE FEES

Effective date: 20191106

Ref country code: SE

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF NON-PAYMENT OF DUE FEES

Effective date: 20190507

Ref country code: RO

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF NON-PAYMENT OF DUE FEES

Effective date: 20190506

Ref country code: AT

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF NON-PAYMENT OF DUE FEES

Effective date: 20190506

REG Reference to a national code

Ref country code: BE

Ref legal event code: MM

Effective date: 20190531

PG25 Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: GR

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF NON-PAYMENT OF DUE FEES

Effective date: 20191205

PG25 Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: NL

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF NON-PAYMENT OF DUE FEES

Effective date: 20190601

Ref country code: IE

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF NON-PAYMENT OF DUE FEES

Effective date: 20190506

Ref country code: DK

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF NON-PAYMENT OF DUE FEES

Effective date: 20190531

REG Reference to a national code

Ref country code: SE

Ref legal event code: EUG

PG25 Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: BE

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF NON-PAYMENT OF DUE FEES

Effective date: 20190531

PGFP Annual fee paid to national office [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: ES

Payment date: 20200616

Year of fee payment: 17

Ref country code: DE

Payment date: 20200513

Year of fee payment: 17

PGFP Annual fee paid to national office [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: IT

Payment date: 20200511

Year of fee payment: 17

Ref country code: GB

Payment date: 20200527

Year of fee payment: 17

PG25 Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: PL

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF NON-PAYMENT OF DUE FEES

Effective date: 20190506

PGFP Annual fee paid to national office [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: FR

Payment date: 20210525

Year of fee payment: 18

REG Reference to a national code

Ref country code: DE

Ref legal event code: R119

Ref document number: 602004018632

Country of ref document: DE

GBPC Gb: european patent ceased through non-payment of renewal fee

Effective date: 20210506

PG25 Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: GB

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF NON-PAYMENT OF DUE FEES

Effective date: 20210506

Ref country code: DE

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF NON-PAYMENT OF DUE FEES

Effective date: 20211201

PG25 Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: TR

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF NON-PAYMENT OF DUE FEES

Effective date: 20190506

REG Reference to a national code

Ref country code: ES

Ref legal event code: FD2A

Effective date: 20220706

PG25 Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: ES

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF NON-PAYMENT OF DUE FEES

Effective date: 20210507

PG25 Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: FR

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF NON-PAYMENT OF DUE FEES

Effective date: 20220531

PG25 Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: IT

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF NON-PAYMENT OF DUE FEES

Effective date: 20200506