EP1622106B1 - Avertisseur de risques, en particulier pour un système de signalisation d'incendie ou d'effraction - Google Patents

Avertisseur de risques, en particulier pour un système de signalisation d'incendie ou d'effraction Download PDF

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Publication number
EP1622106B1
EP1622106B1 EP05015932A EP05015932A EP1622106B1 EP 1622106 B1 EP1622106 B1 EP 1622106B1 EP 05015932 A EP05015932 A EP 05015932A EP 05015932 A EP05015932 A EP 05015932A EP 1622106 B1 EP1622106 B1 EP 1622106B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
alarm system
danger
semi
current
conductor switch
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Application number
EP05015932A
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German (de)
English (en)
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EP1622106A1 (fr
Inventor
Heiner Politze
Tido Krippendorf
Mike Barson
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Novar GmbH
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Novar GmbH
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Publication of EP1622106A1 publication Critical patent/EP1622106A1/fr
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    • G—PHYSICS
    • G08—SIGNALLING
    • G08B—SIGNALLING OR CALLING SYSTEMS; ORDER TELEGRAPHS; ALARM SYSTEMS
    • G08B5/00—Visible signalling systems, e.g. personal calling systems, remote indication of seats occupied
    • G08B5/22—Visible signalling systems, e.g. personal calling systems, remote indication of seats occupied using electric transmission; using electromagnetic transmission
    • G08B5/36—Visible signalling systems, e.g. personal calling systems, remote indication of seats occupied using electric transmission; using electromagnetic transmission using visible light sources
    • G08B5/38—Visible signalling systems, e.g. personal calling systems, remote indication of seats occupied using electric transmission; using electromagnetic transmission using visible light sources using flashing light

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a hazard detector, in particular fire or intrusion detector, which receives its supply voltage via a at least two-core cable from a central office or from a built-in battery and at least one sensitive to a physical size sensor and a signal processing circuit which u.a. in the alarm state of the detector, sends a corresponding data telegram to the control center.
  • a hazard detector in particular fire or intrusion detector, which receives its supply voltage via a at least two-core cable from a central office or from a built-in battery and at least one sensitive to a physical size sensor and a signal processing circuit which u.a. in the alarm state of the detector, sends a corresponding data telegram to the control center.
  • Typical hazard detectors are ceiling-mounted fire detectors, intrusion detectors, especially motion detectors, and manually-triggered wall-mounted hazard detectors, especially fire detectors and panic buttons.
  • the detectors communicate either via a cable with at least two wires or wirelessly with a control panel.
  • Line-bound detectors draw their supply voltage via the line from the control center.
  • Wireless detectors usually draw their supply voltage from a built-in battery.
  • only a limited amount of electrical power is available for the detector electronics.
  • the available electrical power per detector is limited by the fact that a large number of detectors, often more than 100 detectors, are supplied by the control center via a common line, which can accordingly be several hundred meters long.
  • the power is limited in the interest of a long battery life.
  • a switching element is connected to the connection point between the semiconductor switch and the inductance, which keeps the semiconductor switch in the off state until the current in the inductor, the LED and the free-wheeling diode has decayed.
  • This solution has the particular advantage that can be omitted in a so-called object area often additionally mounted or mounted alarm lights or optical escape route markings equipped with such detectors alarm system.
  • the saving of material and installation time is considerable.
  • existing alarm systems can be retrofitted to detectors according to the invention without the basic installation, ie in particular the wiring of the detectors and / or the central power supply, must be changed or renewed.
  • the invention makes it possible to equip the detectors with LEDs high Lichtabstrahl antique that were previously unusable due to their high power requirements of up to 1 A and more in conventional flashing mode for lack of sufficient electrical power of the detector, especially in conventional LED flashers of the vast majority of Supply power is converted because of compared to the supply voltage low forward voltage of the LED in a series resistor into heat.
  • the proposed circuit requires only about 10 to 20% of electrical power.
  • the control signal can be generated as a composite control signal from the message-own signal processing circuit become.
  • the pulse duration of the short pulses is selected so that the semiconductor switch switches to the blocking state as soon as the current through the current slew rate when the semiconductor switch is turned on inductance limiting and the LED has reached a specified by the characteristics of the latter, permissible maximum value. Subsequently, the freewheeling diode ensures that the current continues to flow through the LED until the energy stored in the inductance is consumed. In this way, during the "ON” time, a rapid succession of flashes of light is produced, but the human eye, due to its inertia, perceives it as a single blink of light, followed by the "OFF" time of the slow blinking beat. The sum of "ON" time and "OFF” time is therefore equal to the period of the flashing frequency, which is usually between 0.5 Hz and 3 Hz.
  • the flashing clock can, as usual, have a frequency in the range of 1 Hz and an "ON" time in the range of 30 ms.
  • the pulse duration between 5 ⁇ s and 50 ⁇ s and the pulse / pause ratio between about 1: 4 and about 1:10 are.
  • the pulses depending on the value of the inductance, may be in accordance with the substantially linear increase and the exponential decay of the current through the LED with a pulse period of e.g. 200 ⁇ s consecutive, with the maximum of the light intensity lasts only about 20 ⁇ s.
  • the LED During the "ON" time of e.g. 30 ms, the LED emits about 150 individual flashes. This is followed by a pause of 970 ms at a flashing frequency of 1 Hz.
  • the control signal may switch the semiconductor switch via a control transistor, and the switching element holding the semiconductor switch in the off state during the decay of the current in the circuit comprising the inductor, the LED and the freewheeling diode may consist of a diode acting as a clamping diode between the base the control transistor and the connection point between the semiconductor switch and the inductance is connected.
  • the LED and the freewheeling diode may consist of a diode acting as a clamping diode between the base the control transistor and the connection point between the semiconductor switch and the inductance is connected.
  • a current sensing circuit periodically disables the semiconductor switch during the "ON" period in time with the short pulses as soon as the current passes through the LED has reached a predetermined maximum value and switches after the decay of the current, the semiconductor switch again permeable.
  • the current measuring circuit thus determines the pulse duration of the short pulses, which switch the semiconductor switch in rapid succession permeable and lock again, whereby the short flashes of light of the LED are generated.
  • the current measuring circuit can be realized very simply by a current measuring resistor in series with the LED and a comparator, at the first input of which a reference voltage is applied and at the second input of which the current measuring resistor tapped, current-proportional voltage is applied and whose output signal produces the sequence of short pulses which cause the Switch semiconductor switch.
  • the signal processing circuit need only supply the flashing clock, which is used as the operating voltage of the comparator, so that the latter operates only during the "ON" time.
  • the output of the comparator may be connected via a positive feedback resistor to its first input to produce a switching hysteresis, so that the comparator switches the semiconductor switch again permeable only when the current has largely subsided by the LED.
  • the circuit thus operates self-oscillating with respect to the sequence of short pulses.
  • the already existing signal processing circuitry which typically includes an application programmable microprocessor, may also provide a composite control signal of a sequence of short pulses during the "on" time of a slow blinking clock.
  • the current measuring circuit is unnecessary. If the advantage of the aforementioned embodiment, in which the subjective brightness of the flash is independent of the supply voltage, is to be retained, the signal processing circuit must be designed so that it varies the pulse duration of the short pulses as a function of the supply voltage.
  • the semiconductor switch may consist of at least two parallel and driven in parallel bipolar switching transistors, because two switching transistors require because of their smaller currents higher current gain together less control power and have a lower saturation voltage than a single bipolar transistor, which switches the same power.
  • a freewheeling diode is particularly suitable because of their low forward voltage a Schottky diode.
  • a storage capacitor is connected upstream, which is connected via a series resistor to the supply voltage terminal.
  • the circuit according to Fig. 1 is intended for installation in a hazard detector of any kind, known and therefore not shown, which contains in its housing a sensor signal processing and communication circuit comprising a microprocessor.
  • the DC supply voltage or line voltage of the detector This can vary between 42V and 8V.
  • an inductance L1 and a bright, eg red LED D1 which is installed in a suitable orientation of its main beam axis in the detector or possibly in its base.
  • Parallel to the series connection of L1 and D1 is a freewheeling diode D4.
  • a control signal whose time-dependent Course closer in Fig. 2 , upper diagram is shown.
  • the control signal is supplied via a voltage divider R21, R22 to the base of a control transistor Q3.
  • the base of Q3 is connected to the collector of Q1 via a clamp diode D2.
  • a current limiting resistor R23 In the emitter branch of Q3 is a current limiting resistor R23.
  • the collector of Q3 is connected to the base of Q1.
  • a resistor R24 between the base and the emitter of Q1 keeps it locked in the de-energized state of Q3.
  • a sieve member of a low-resistance series resistor and a storage capacitor, analog R1, C1 in Fig. 3 lie.
  • a control signal with this illustrated curve can be generated with one of the usual and well-known timing generator circuits, which are therefore not described.
  • the control signal can be generated with the course shown by appropriate wiring and programming of the message's own microprocessor.
  • the pulse pause t3 is so dimensioned that the current has decayed to about zero before the rising edge of the next pulse switches the switching transistor Q1 again permeable. This is shown in the lower diagram in Fig. 2 , If the current has not sufficiently decayed at the end of t3, the clamping diode D2 keeps the base of the control transistor Q3 at a negative potential close to that of the terminal 2, so that the control transistor Q3 not already with the rising edge of the next pulse Decay of the current in the circuit L1, D1, D4 can turn permeable.
  • the LED D1 radiates during each "on" time T2 of e.g. 20 to 40 ms of the slow flashing rate about 100 to 200 individual flashes. However, the sum of these individual flashes looks like a single blink to the human eye.
  • this (apparent) flashing signal has subjectively the same intensity to the human eye and thus the same warning function as an uninterrupted flashing signal with the slow flashing.
  • the high efficiency and accordingly the low power consumption of this circuit is further based on the fact that the power loss of the circuit because of the low on resistances of Q1, D1 and D4 and the low ohmic resistance of L1 very small and the Consumption of control power is low, unlike circuits in which the LED is operated via a series resistor, which converts most of the electrical power to dissipated heat.
  • Fig. 3 shows the complete circuit diagram of an improved embodiment of the circuit.
  • the line voltage is applied to the emitters of two parallel switching transistors T1, T2 with common emitter / base resistor R2.
  • the terminal 3 is connected to a port of a microprocessor which supplies a clock signal with the slow flashing rate of about 1 Hz and an "ON" time of about 30 ms an operational amplifier OP1 as its operating voltage of 3.3 V, for example.
  • Whose first, non-inverting input is connected to the tap of a voltage divider R3, R4 between the operating voltage of the OP1 and the reference potential and via a positive feedback resistor R5 to the output of OP1.
  • the output signal of OP1 is fed via R6 to the base of a transistor T3, which plays the role of the control transistor Q3 in FIG Fig. 1 plays.
  • a transistor T3 which plays the role of the control transistor Q3 in FIG Fig. 1 plays.
  • the emitter branch is accordingly a current limiting resistor R7, while its collector is connected to the bases of the two parallel switching transistors T1 and T2, the role of the switching transistor Q1 in Fig. 1 play.
  • the common collector branch is accordingly the series connection of the inductor L1 and the LED D1, the cathode but deviating from Fig. 1 not directly but via a very low-impedance current measuring resistor R8 to the reference potential and to the second, inverting input of the OP1 is connected.
  • terminal 3 When terminal 3 is supplied with the slow clock signal which provides the operating voltage for OP1 in the "ON" time, its inverting input is at the reference potential of zero volts of terminal 2, and the non-inverting input through R3 is at a positive voltage such that the output of OP1 provides a signal close to the operating or clocked voltage that turns T3 transparent across R6, which in turn causes T1 and T2 to pass.
  • a reference voltage of approximately 100 mV is established at the non-inverting input of OP1.
  • the current in the series circuit L1, D1, R8 begins to increase linearly until the voltage drop across R8 reaches a positive value equal to or slightly greater than the reference voltage at the noninverting input of OP1.
  • the output signal of OP1 tilts to zero volts, thereby blocking T3, and thus also T1 and T2.
  • the reference voltage at the non-inverting input of OP1 changes to the much smaller value corresponding to the now-divisional ratio of R3 to (R5 parallel to R4), i. to about 10 mV.

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  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Electromagnetism (AREA)
  • General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Led Devices (AREA)
  • Fire Alarms (AREA)
  • Emergency Alarm Devices (AREA)

Claims (11)

  1. Détecteur de danger, en particulier détecteur d'incendie ou d'effraction, recevant sa tension d'alimentation par une ligne à deux conducteurs au moins à partir d'un central ou d'une batterie intégrée et comprenant au moins un capteur sensible à une grandeur physique et un circuit de traitement des signaux qui envoie, entre autres dans l'état d'alarme du détecteur, un télégramme de données correspondant au central, dans lequel le détecteur comprend un montage en série d'un commutateur à semi-conducteurs (Q1), d'une inductance (L1) et d'une DEL à forte luminosité (D1), une diode de roue libre (D4) est montée en parallèle à l'inductance (L1) et à la DEL (D1), la tension d'alimentation du détecteur est présente sur les connexions du montage en série, le circuit de traitement des signaux produit dans l'état d'alarme du détecteur un signal de commande qui rend le commutateur à semi-conducteurs pendant un temps d'activation correspondant à une cadence de clignotement lente et le bloque en une séquence de courtes impulsions, caractérisé en ce qu'il est prévu connecté au point de connexion entre le commutateur à semi-conducteurs (Q1 ; T1, T2) et l'inductance (L1) un élément de commutation (D2) qui maintient le commutateur à semi-conducteurs (Q1 ; T1, T2) dans l'état bloqué jusqu'à ce que l'intensité dans le circuit de courant comprenant l'inductance (L1), la DEL (D1) et la diode de roue libre (D4) ait baissé.
  2. Détecteur de danger selon la revendication 1, caractérisé en ce que la cadence de clignotement a une fréquence comprise entre 0,5 et 3 Hz et une durée d'activation de l'ordre de 30 ms.
  3. Détecteur de danger selon la revendication 1 ou 2, caractérisé en ce que dans la séquence d'impulsions courtes, la durée des impulsions est comprise entre 5 µs et 50 µs et le rapport entre impulsions et pauses est compris entre environ 1:4 et environ 1:10.
  4. Détecteur de danger selon l'une des revendications 1 à 3, caractérisé en ce que le signal de commande commute le commutateur à semi-conducteurs (Q1 ; T1, T2) par l'intermédiaire d'un transistor de commande (Q3 ; T3) et en ce que l'élément de commutation qui maintient le commutateur à semi-conducteurs dans l'état bloqué pendant la baisse de l'intensité dans le circuit électrique comprenant l'inductance, la DEL et la diode de roue libre se compose d'une diode (D2) qui est montée comme une diode de borne entre la base du transistor de commande (Q3 ; T3) et le point de connexion entre le commutateur à semi-conducteurs (Q1; T1, T2) et l'inductance (L1).
  5. Détecteur de danger selon l'une des revendications 1 à 4, caractérisé en ce qu'un circuit de mesure de l'intensité (OP1, R8) bloque le commutateur à semi-conducteurs (T1, T2) commuté dans l'état passant dès que l'intensité traversant la DEL (D1) atteint une valeur maximale prédéterminée.
  6. Détecteur de danger selon la revendication 5, caractérisé en ce que le circuit de mesure de l'intensité comprend une résistance de mesure (R8) montée en série avec la DEL (D1) et un comparateur (OP1), en ce qu'une tension de référence est appliquée à la première entrée du comparateur et la tension proportionnelle à l'intensité captée sur la résistance de mesure (R8) à la deuxième entrée, et en ce que le signal de sortie du comparateur donne la séquence de courtes impulsions qui font commuter le commutateur à semi-conducteurs (T1, T2).
  7. Détecteur de danger selon la revendication 5 ou 6, caractérisé en ce que le circuit de traitement des signaux ne produit comme signal de commande que la cadence de clignotement et celle-ci est appliquée au branchement de tension de fonctionnement du comparateur (OP1).
  8. Détecteur de danger selon la revendication 6 ou 7, caractérisé en ce que la sortie du comparateur (OP1) est reliée par une résistance de rétroaction (R5) à sa première entrée.
  9. Détecteur de danger selon l'une des revendications 1 à 8, caractérisé en ce que le commutateur à semi-conducteurs se compose d'au moins deux transistors de commutation (T1, T2) montés en parallèle et commandés en parallèle.
  10. Détecteur de danger selon l'une des revendications 1 à 9, caractérisé en ce que la diode de roue libre est une diode Schottky (D4).
  11. Détecteur de danger selon l'une des revendications 1 à 10, caractérisé en ce que le commutateur à semi-conducteurs est précédé par un condensateur d'accumulation (C1) qui est relié par l'intermédiaire d'une résistance série (R1) au branchement de tension d'alimentation (1).
EP05015932A 2004-07-29 2005-07-21 Avertisseur de risques, en particulier pour un système de signalisation d'incendie ou d'effraction Active EP1622106B1 (fr)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
PL05015932T PL1622106T3 (pl) 2004-07-29 2005-07-21 Sygnalizator alarmowy, zwłaszcza sygnalizator pożaru lub włamania

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE102004036743A DE102004036743B4 (de) 2004-07-29 2004-07-29 Gefahrenmelder mit optischer Anzeige

Publications (2)

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EP1622106A1 EP1622106A1 (fr) 2006-02-01
EP1622106B1 true EP1622106B1 (fr) 2008-05-14

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EP (1) EP1622106B1 (fr)
AT (1) ATE395675T1 (fr)
DE (2) DE102004036743B4 (fr)
ES (1) ES2305957T3 (fr)
PL (1) PL1622106T3 (fr)

Families Citing this family (8)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE102006043867B4 (de) * 2006-09-19 2009-07-09 Novar Gmbh Verfahren und Anlage zur Identifizierung eines Gefahrenmelders
DE102007020769B4 (de) * 2007-05-03 2010-08-05 Novar Gmbh Gefahrenmelder mit LED
DE102009042419B4 (de) * 2009-09-21 2011-12-15 Osram Gesellschaft mit beschränkter Haftung Schaltungsanordnung zum Betreiben mindestens einer LED
US9466186B2 (en) 2011-06-14 2016-10-11 Tyco Fire & Security Gmbh Conditionally variable strobe notification appliance
US8773276B2 (en) 2011-06-14 2014-07-08 Tyco Fire & Security Gmbh Dual mode LED strobe
CN102682539B (zh) * 2012-05-07 2014-10-01 奇瑞汽车股份有限公司 一种三态报警灯电路
US9225249B2 (en) 2014-01-28 2015-12-29 Honeywell International Inc. Power management alarm devices
CN104443409B (zh) * 2014-12-05 2016-07-06 贵州华阳电工有限公司 危险警告控制电路

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US5019805A (en) * 1989-02-03 1991-05-28 Flash-Alert Inc. Smoke detector with strobed visual alarm and remote alarm coupling
US5313187A (en) * 1989-10-11 1994-05-17 Bell Sports, Inc. Battery-powered flashing superluminescent light emitting diode safety warning light
IT9004965U1 (it) * 1990-12-07 1992-06-08 G P B Beghelli S R L Ora Begnelli S R L Perfezionamento nei sistemi di illuminazione autonoma di emergenza con segnalatori di incendio, di gas nocivi, di inquinamento aria ambienta le e simili
DE10025821A1 (de) * 2000-05-25 2002-07-25 Sickinger Monika Led-Lichtquelle
JP2002184588A (ja) * 2000-12-18 2002-06-28 Sony Corp 発光ダイオード点灯回路
JP2003151784A (ja) * 2001-11-09 2003-05-23 Nec Access Technica Ltd 発光ダイオード駆動回路、及びその制御方法、並びに該発光ダイオード駆動回路を備えた電子機器
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CA2391681A1 (fr) * 2002-06-26 2003-12-26 Star Headlight & Lantern Co. Of Canada Ltd. Voyant d'avertissement a semi-conducteurs avec circuit d'excitation commande par microprocesseur

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
EP1622106A1 (fr) 2006-02-01
ES2305957T3 (es) 2008-11-01
ATE395675T1 (de) 2008-05-15
DE502005004087D1 (de) 2008-06-26
PL1622106T3 (pl) 2008-09-30
DE102004036743A1 (de) 2006-03-23
DE102004036743B4 (de) 2007-08-02

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