EP1621844A1 - Hatch for combat vehicle, especially for main battle tank - Google Patents

Hatch for combat vehicle, especially for main battle tank Download PDF

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Publication number
EP1621844A1
EP1621844A1 EP05015183A EP05015183A EP1621844A1 EP 1621844 A1 EP1621844 A1 EP 1621844A1 EP 05015183 A EP05015183 A EP 05015183A EP 05015183 A EP05015183 A EP 05015183A EP 1621844 A1 EP1621844 A1 EP 1621844A1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
hatch
hatch cover
exit
cover
opening
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Granted
Application number
EP05015183A
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German (de)
French (fr)
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EP1621844B1 (en
Inventor
Uwe Sprafke
Michael Fehr
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Krauss Maffei Wegmann GmbH and Co KG
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Krauss Maffei Wegmann GmbH and Co KG
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Publication of EP1621844A1 publication Critical patent/EP1621844A1/en
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    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F41—WEAPONS
    • F41H—ARMOUR; ARMOURED TURRETS; ARMOURED OR ARMED VEHICLES; MEANS OF ATTACK OR DEFENCE, e.g. CAMOUFLAGE, IN GENERAL
    • F41H5/00—Armour; Armour plates
    • F41H5/22—Manhole covers, e.g. on tanks; Doors on armoured vehicles or structures
    • F41H5/223—Manhole covers specially adapted for armoured or fighting vehicles

Definitions

  • the invention relates to an entry-hatch for a combat vehicle, in particular a main battle tank, with the features of the preamble of claim 1.
  • Such entry-exit hatches are basically known and described for example in DE 42 40 140 A1 and DE 195 04 922 A1.
  • the invention has the object of providing a one-exit hatch with the features of the preamble of claim 1 in such a way that with sufficient protection with the hatch cover closed the silhouette of the combat vehicle can be kept as low as possible and with the hatch cover open the visibility is hampered as little as possible. Furthermore, the possibility should be created to arrange in the area of the opened hatch cover angle mirror such that the view with open and closed hatch cover is possible. Finally, the possibility should be created to perform the opening and closing movement of the hatch cover in accordance with all safety regulations motor.
  • the hatch cover of a sliding hatch from two lid parts having different functions.
  • the hatch cover consists of two superposed lid parts, namely an upper sliding cover, which is arranged above the upper edge of the hatch opening and displaceable parallel to the closing plane of the hatch, and a lower sealing cover arranged to be movable in the direction perpendicular to the closing plane is.
  • a basic idea of the present invention is to construct the hatch cover of two superimposed parts with substantially the same outer contour, namely a lower part, which is displaceable in the closing direction and opening direction by means of the actuating device and sealingly closes in the closed state, and an upper part, the lower part is fixed and slidable with this and having the means by which it is raised during or at the conclusion of the closing movement from a resting position on the lower part in an elevated position.
  • This arrangement opens up the possibility to accommodate the two parts of the hatch cover in the open state within a provided with a lid, fixed to the vehicle protective housing, in which upper part and lower part are close to each other. This has the consequence that the protective housing kept relatively low can be and thus the silhouette of the combat vehicle is not significantly increased.
  • the two lid parts are arranged at a distance.
  • the upper part of the hatch cover can then be at the level of the cover of the protective housing.
  • the upper part is brought back into the lowered position, in which it fits into the protective housing.
  • a possibility is provided according to the invention further to arrange angle mirror on the protective housing, which allow even with the hatch cover open, so if the upper part and lower part in the protective housing, a view from the vehicle interior out.
  • glass blocks are arranged in the roof panel of the vehicle and in the lower part of the hatch cover, which are aligned in the open state of the hatch cover to each other, so that an optical beam passage is possible at this point.
  • no such glass block is located in the upper part of the hatch cover.
  • the upper part of the hatch cover in its front region in the open state to the front extendable section whose dimensions are such that in extended state of the section creates a gap between this and the rest of the upper part, which is located directly above the glass blocks in the lower part and in the roof panel and releases the optical passage at this point.
  • the actuating device for opening and closing the hatch cover on an electric motor the output element via a slip clutch driving in a arranged on the lower part of the hatch cover in the longitudinal direction rack driving pinion.
  • a drive device must be prevented that a closing of the hatch cover is possible, as long as a person is in the hatch opening.
  • a parallel to the hatch opening extendable safety roller blind is arranged, which actuates in the closed state, a the feed current of the electric motor releasing switch. This ensures that the electric motor can only be operated when the safety roller blind is closed and thus no person can be in the hatch opening.
  • FIG. 2 show an entry-exit hatch, which is arranged in the roof panel 1 of a combat vehicle not otherwise shown, with a hatch opening 2, which is closable by means of a displaceable in a plane parallel to the hatch opening level hatch, the hatch cover of two superimposed Parts exists, namely a lower part 3.1 and a shell 3.2.
  • a hatch opening 2 which is closable by means of a displaceable in a plane parallel to the hatch opening level hatch
  • the hatch cover of two superimposed Parts exists, namely a lower part 3.1 and a shell 3.2.
  • upper part 3.2 and lower part 3.1 In the fully open state of the hatch cover shown in Fig. 2 are upper part 3.2 and lower part 3.1 directly to each other and are arranged within a provided with a lid 4.1 protective housing 4, which is firmly connected to the vehicle.
  • Upper part 3.2 and lower part 3.1 have substantially the same outer contour, so that they fit in the open state in the protective housing 4 and, as explained below, in the closed Condition
  • the lower part 3.1 of the hatch cover has at the side edges extending in the closing direction guide rails 11.1, which run in arranged on the vehicle guide rollers 11.2, so that thus a linear guide of the lower part 3.1 is ensured during the closing and opening movement.
  • the upper part 3.2 is taken from the lower part 3.1.
  • actuating device for the opening and closing movement of the hatch cover is an electric motor
  • the output element via a slip clutch 5.2 an output shaft 5.1 drives on which a non-visible in the drawings pinion is arranged in a rack 5.3 at a side edge of the lower part 3.1. intervenes.
  • the output shaft 5.1 is provided in the vehicle interior with a square 5.11 and on the outside of the vehicle with a square, not shown, via which the hatch cover can be manually opened and closed against the action of the slip clutch.
  • a safety roller 9 is arranged on the underside of the hatch opening 2, which is extendable parallel to the hatch opening 2 and operated in the closed state a switch, not shown, through which the supply circuit of the electric motor 5 is released, so that the motor can be operated to open and close.
  • glass blocks 8.2 and 8.3 are arranged in the lower part 3.1 of the hatch cover and in the roof panel 1 of the vehicle and, as shown in Fig. 4, their position is such that they open hatch to the Viewing part 8.1 of the angle mirror and to the inside of the vehicle arranged viewing part 8.4 are aligned, so that a beam passage would be possible here, if this would not be prevented by the above the lower part 3.1 arranged upper part 3.2.
  • the upper part 3.2 of the hatch cover has in its front region an outwardly extendable section 3.21 in the open state, which is guided in guides 3.22 (FIG. 1) and whose dimensions are such that in the in FIG. 5 shown extended state of the section 3.21 between this section and the rest of the upper part 3.2, a gap 8.5 is formed, which is arranged so that it is aligned with the glass blocks 8.2 and 8.3 and thereby releases the optical passage.
  • the extension of the subsection 3.21 can be done manually.
  • the closing movement of the hatch cover can best be seen from FIGS. 2, 6, 8 and 10.
  • the upper part 3.2 of the hatch cover is taken along by the lower part 3.1 pushed out of the protective housing 4.
  • the upper part 3.2 runs a pair of guide rollers 6.2 at the front of the upper part 3.2 on fixedly arranged Bevels 6.1.
  • At the rear end of the upper part 3.2 is connected via a linkage 6.3 hinged to the lower part 3.1.
  • the arrangement is such that in the further closing movement, as shown in FIG.
  • the lower part 3.1 In the closed position, the lower part 3.1 can be pressed by actuation of locking devices 10 to the arranged in the hatch opening seals 2.1, whereby the hatch opening is sealed. Upper part 3.2 and lower part 3.1 are in the closed state at a stop 7. The manual locking of the hatch cover is done via a locking device 10.1. Above the hatch opening and the two parts 3.1 and 3.2 of the hatch cover a protective roller blind 12 is arranged against the weather with the hatch open.

Abstract

The hatch has a lid (3.1-3.2) with a lower part (3.1) guided in a linear guide, and is slidable by an actuating device (5). In the closed position, the lid seals the hatch opening (2). The lid has a top part (3.2) which is slidable together with the lower part. During the sliding, the top part rises from resting the lower part to a raised position.

Description

Die Erfindung betrifft eine Ein-Ausstiegsluke für ein Kampffahrzeug, insbeson-dere einen Kampfpanzer, mit den Merkmalen aus dem Oberbegriff des Patentanspruchs 1. Derartige Ein-Ausstiegsluken sind grundsätzlich bekannt und beispielsweise in DE 42 40 140 A1 und DE 195 04 922 A1 beschrieben.The invention relates to an entry-hatch for a combat vehicle, in particular a main battle tank, with the features of the preamble of claim 1. Such entry-exit hatches are basically known and described for example in DE 42 40 140 A1 and DE 195 04 922 A1.

Der Erfindung liegt die Aufgabe zugrunde, eine Ein-Ausstiegsluke mit den Merkmalen aus dem Oberbegriff des Patentanspruchs 1 so auszubilden, dass bei ausreichendem Schutz bei geschlossenem Lukendeckel die Silhouette des Kampffahrzeugs möglichst niedrig gehalten werden kann und bei geöffnetem Lukendeckel die Rundumsicht möglichst wenig behindert wird. Weiterhin sollte die Möglichkeit geschaffen werden, im Bereich des geöffneten Lukendeckels Winkelspiegel derart anzuordnen, dass der Ausblick bei geöffnetem und geschlossenem Lukendeckel möglich ist. Schließlich sollte die Möglichkeit geschaffen werden, die Öffnungs- und Schließbewegung des Lukendeckels unter Beachtung aller Sicherheitsvorschriften motorisch durchzuführen.The invention has the object of providing a one-exit hatch with the features of the preamble of claim 1 in such a way that with sufficient protection with the hatch cover closed the silhouette of the combat vehicle can be kept as low as possible and with the hatch cover open the visibility is hampered as little as possible. Furthermore, the possibility should be created to arrange in the area of the opened hatch cover angle mirror such that the view with open and closed hatch cover is possible. Finally, the possibility should be created to perform the opening and closing movement of the hatch cover in accordance with all safety regulations motor.

Die Lösung der Grundaufgabe erfolgt erfindungsgemäß mit den Merkmalen aus dem kennzeichnenden Teil des Patentanspruchs 1. Vorteilhafte Weiterbildungen der Erfindung sind in den abhängigen Ansprüchen beschrieben.The solution of the basic task is carried out according to the invention with the features of the characterizing part of claim 1. Advantageous developments of the invention are described in the dependent claims.

Gemäß den oben zitierten Druckschriften zum Stand der Technik war es bekannt, den Lukendeckel einer Schiebeluke aus zwei Deckelteilen aufzubauen, die unterschiedliche Funktionen besitzen. In De 42 40 140 A1 besteht der Lukendeckel aus zwei übereinander angeordneten Deckelteilen, nämlich einem oberen Schiebedeckel, der oberhalb des oberen Randes der Lukenöffnung angeordnet und parallel zur Schließebene der Luke verschiebbar ist, und einem unteren Dichtdeckel, der in Richtung senkrecht zur Schließebene bewegbar angeordnet ist.According to the above-cited prior art documents, it has been known to construct the hatch cover of a sliding hatch from two lid parts having different functions. In De 42 40 140 A1 the hatch cover consists of two superposed lid parts, namely an upper sliding cover, which is arranged above the upper edge of the hatch opening and displaceable parallel to the closing plane of the hatch, and a lower sealing cover arranged to be movable in the direction perpendicular to the closing plane is.

In DE 195 04 922 A1 ist eine Ein-Ausstiegsluke für ein Kampffahrzeug beschrieben mit einem Lukendeckel, der oberhalb des oberen Randes der Lukenöffnung angeordnet und zum Öffnen und Schließen parallel zur Schließebene der Luke verschiebbar ist, wobei bei einer Ausführungsform dieser Ein-Ausstiegsluke an der Unterseite des Lukendeckels ein Dichtungsdeckel angeordnet ist, der mit dem Lukendeckel über eine Befestigungsvorrichtung verbunden ist, welche eine Relativbewegung vorgegebener Länge in Schließrichtung zwischen Lukendeckel und Dichtungsdeckel zulässt, wobei die Anordnung so ist, dass im letzten Abschnitt der Schließbewegung durch die Bewegung des Lukendeckels ein Anpressdruck auf den Dichtungsdeckel ausgeübt wird und dieser sich fest auf eine an der Lukenöffnung angeordnete Dichtung auflegt.In DE 195 04 922 A1 a single-exit hatch for a combat vehicle is described with a hatch, which is above the upper edge the hatch opening is arranged and displaceable parallel to the closing plane of the hatch for opening and closing, wherein in one embodiment of this Ein-Ausstiegsluke on the underside of the hatch cover a seal cover is arranged, which is connected to the hatch cover via a fastening device which a relative movement of predetermined length in Closing direction between hatch and seal cover allows, the arrangement being such that in the last section of the closing movement by the movement of the hatch cover a contact pressure is exerted on the seal cover and this hangs firmly on a arranged on the hatch opening seal.

Ein Grundgedanke der vorliegenden Erfindung besteht darin, den Lukendeckel aus zwei übereinander angeordneten Teilen mit im wesentlichen gleichem Außenumriss aufzubauen, nämlich einem Unterteil, das mittels der Betätigungsvorrichtung in Schließrichtung und Öffnungsrichtung verschiebbar ist und in geschlossenem Zustand dichtend abschließt, und einem Oberteil, das am Unterteil befestigt und mit diesem verschiebbar ist und das Mittel aufweist, durch die es während oder beim Abschluss der Schließbewegung aus einer auf dem Unterteil aufliegenden Position in eine erhöhte Position angehoben wird. Diese Anordnung eröffnet die Möglichkeit, die beiden Teile des Lukendeckels im geöffneten Zustand innerhalb eines mit einem Deckel versehenen, mit dem Fahrzeug fest verbundenen Schutzgehäuses unterzubringen, in welchem Oberteil und Unterteil dicht aufeinander liegen. Dies hat zur Folge, dass das Schutzgehäuse relativ niedrig gehalten werden kann und somit die Silhouette des Kampffahrzeugs nicht wesentlich vergrößert wird.A basic idea of the present invention is to construct the hatch cover of two superimposed parts with substantially the same outer contour, namely a lower part, which is displaceable in the closing direction and opening direction by means of the actuating device and sealingly closes in the closed state, and an upper part, the lower part is fixed and slidable with this and having the means by which it is raised during or at the conclusion of the closing movement from a resting position on the lower part in an elevated position. This arrangement opens up the possibility to accommodate the two parts of the hatch cover in the open state within a provided with a lid, fixed to the vehicle protective housing, in which upper part and lower part are close to each other. This has the consequence that the protective housing kept relatively low can be and thus the silhouette of the combat vehicle is not significantly increased.

Durch das Anheben des Oberteils während der Schließbewegung des Lukendeckels wird in diesem Bereich ein verstärkter Schutz erzeugt, in dem die beiden Deckelteile auf Abstand angeordnet sind. In der Geschlossenstellung kann sich dann das Oberteil des Lukendeckels auf der Höhe des Deckels des Schutzgehäuses befinden. Während der Öffnungsbewegung des Lukendeckels wird das Oberteil wieder in die abgesenkte Position gebracht, in der es in das Schutzgehäuse hineinpasst.By raising the upper part during the closing movement of the hatch cover in this area an enhanced protection is generated, in which the two lid parts are arranged at a distance. In the closed position, the upper part of the hatch cover can then be at the level of the cover of the protective housing. During the opening movement of the hatch cover, the upper part is brought back into the lowered position, in which it fits into the protective housing.

Bei einer besonders vorteilhaften Ausführungsform der erfindungsgemäßen Ein-Ausstiegsluke wird gemäß der weiteren Erfindung eine Möglichkeit geschaffen, auf dem Schutzgehäuse Winkelspiegel anzuordnen, die auch bei geöffnetem Lukendeckel, also wenn sich Oberteil und Unterteil im Schutzgehäuse befinden, einen Ausblick aus dem Fahrzeuginneren heraus gestatten. Zu diesem Zweck sind in der Dachplatte des Fahrzeugs und im Unterteil des Lukendeckels Glasblöcke angeordnet, die im geöffneten Zustand des Lukendeckels zueinander fluchten, so dass ein optischer Strahlendurchgang an dieser Stelle möglich ist. Aus Gründen des Schutzes im geschlossenen Zustand des Lukendeckels ist im Oberteil des Lukendeckels kein derartiger Glasblock angeordnet. Dafür weist das Oberteil des Lukendeckels in seinem vorderen Bereich einen im geöffneten Zustand nach vorne ausfahrbaren Teilabschnitt auf, dessen Abmessungen so sind, dass im ausgefahrenen Zustand des Teilabschnitts eine Lücke zwischen diesem und dem restlichen Oberteil entsteht, die direkt über den Glasblöcken im Unterteil und in der Dachplatte angeordnet ist und an dieser Stelle den optischen Durchgang freigibt.In a particularly advantageous embodiment of the inventive entry-exit hatch a possibility is provided according to the invention further to arrange angle mirror on the protective housing, which allow even with the hatch cover open, so if the upper part and lower part in the protective housing, a view from the vehicle interior out. For this purpose, glass blocks are arranged in the roof panel of the vehicle and in the lower part of the hatch cover, which are aligned in the open state of the hatch cover to each other, so that an optical beam passage is possible at this point. For reasons of protection in the closed state of the hatch cover no such glass block is located in the upper part of the hatch cover. For this purpose, the upper part of the hatch cover in its front region in the open state to the front extendable section, whose dimensions are such that in extended state of the section creates a gap between this and the rest of the upper part, which is located directly above the glass blocks in the lower part and in the roof panel and releases the optical passage at this point.

Bei einer weiteren vorteilhaften Ausführungsform der erfindungsgemäßen Ein-Ausstiegsluke weist die Betätigungsvorrichtung zum Öffnen und Schließen des Lukendeckels einen Elektromotor auf, dessen Abtriebselement über eine Rutschkupplung ein in eine am Unterteil des Lukendeckels in Längsrichtung angeordnete Zahnstange eingreifendes Antriebsritzel antreibt. Bei einer derartigen Antriebsvorrichtung muss verhindert werden, dass ein Schließen des Lukendeckels möglich ist, solange sich eine Person in der Lukenöffnung befindet. Dies wird dadurch erreicht, dass unterhalb des Unterteils des Lukendeckels ein parallel zur Lukenöffnung ausziehbares Sicherheitsrollo angeordnet ist, das im geschlossenen Zustand einen den Speisestrom des Elektromotors freigebenden Schalter betätigt. Hierdurch ist sichergestellt, dass der Elektromotor nur betätigt werden kann, wenn das Sicherheitsrollo geschlossen ist und sich somit keine Person mehr in der Lukenöffnung befinden kann.In a further advantageous embodiment of the entry-exit hatch according to the invention, the actuating device for opening and closing the hatch cover on an electric motor, the output element via a slip clutch driving in a arranged on the lower part of the hatch cover in the longitudinal direction rack driving pinion. In such a drive device must be prevented that a closing of the hatch cover is possible, as long as a person is in the hatch opening. This is achieved in that below the lower part of the hatch cover a parallel to the hatch opening extendable safety roller blind is arranged, which actuates in the closed state, a the feed current of the electric motor releasing switch. This ensures that the electric motor can only be operated when the safety roller blind is closed and thus no person can be in the hatch opening.

Im folgenden wird anhand der beigefügten Zeichnungen ein Ausführungsbeispiel der erfindungsgemäßen Ein-Ausstiegsluke näher erläutert.In the following an embodiment of the inventive entry-exit hatch is explained in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.

In den Zeichnungen zeigen:

  • Fig. 1 eine Aufsicht auf eine Ein-Ausstiegsluke bei abgenommenem Schutzgehäuse;
  • Fig. 2 in gegenüber Fig. 1 vergrößerter Darstellung einen Längsschnitt durch die Ein-Ausstiegsluke nach der Linie A-A in Fig. 1 bei geöffnetem Lukendeckel;
  • Fig. 3 eine Seitenansicht der Ein-Ausstiegsluke in der in Fig. 2 dargestellten Position des Lukendeckels;
  • Fig. 4 die Ein-Ausstiegsluke im Zustand nach den Fig. 2 und 3 in einer isometrischen, teilweise geschnittenen Darstellung;
  • Fig. 5 in einer Darstellung analog Fig. 4 die Ein-Ausstiegsluke mit ausgefahrenem Teilabschnitt des Oberteils;
  • Fig. 6 in einer Schnittdarstellung analog Fig. 2, die Ein-Ausstiegsluke während einer ersten Phase der Schließbewegung;
  • Fig. 7 die Ein-Ausstiegsluke in Seitenansicht in der Position gemäß Fig. 6 des Lukendeckels;
  • Fig. 8 in einem Schnitt analog Fig. 2 die Ein-Ausstiegsluke in einer zweiten Phase der Schließbewegung des Lukendeckels;
  • Fig. 9 die Ein-Ausstiegsluke in Seitenansicht im Zustand des Lukendeckels gemäß Fig. 8;
  • Fig. 10 in einem vergrößerten Teilschnitt analog Fig. 2 die Ein-Ausstiegsluke im vollständig geschlossenen Zustand des Lukendeckels;
  • Fig. 11 die Ein-Ausstiegsluke in Seitenansicht im Zustand des Lukendeckels nach Fig. 10;
  • Fig. 12 die Ein-Ausstiegsluke in einer teilweise geschnittenen, isometrischen Darstellung im Zustand des Lukendeckels nach den Fig. 10 und 11.
In the drawings show:
  • Figure 1 is a plan view of an entry-exit hatch with removed protective housing.
  • Fig. 2 in comparison with Figure 1 enlarged view a longitudinal section through the entry-exit hatch according to the line AA in Figure 1 with hatch cover open.
  • Fig. 3 is a side view of the entry-exit hatch in the position shown in Figure 2 of the hatch cover.
  • 4 shows the entry-exit hatch in the state according to FIGS. 2 and 3 in an isometric, partially sectioned illustration;
  • Fig. 5 in an illustration analogous to Figure 4, the entry-exit hatch with extended portion of the upper part.
  • Fig. 6 in a sectional view analogous to Figure 2, the one-exit hatch during a first phase of the closing movement.
  • 7 shows the one-exit hatch in side view in the position according to FIG. 6 of the hatch cover;
  • Fig. 8 in a section analogous to Figure 2, the one-exit hatch in a second phase of the closing movement of the hatch cover.
  • 9 shows the entry-exit hatch in a side view in the condition of the hatch cover according to FIG. 8;
  • Fig. 10 in an enlarged partial section analogous to Figure 2, the one-exit hatch in the fully closed state of the hatch cover.
  • FIG. 11 shows the entry-exit hatch in a side view in the condition of the hatch cover according to FIG. 10; FIG.
  • 12 shows the entry-exit hatch in a partially sectioned, isometric view in the condition of the hatch cover according to FIGS. 10 and 11.

Die Zeichnungen zeigen eine Ein-Ausstiegsluke, die in der Dachplatte 1 eines ansonsten nicht näher dargestellten Kampffahrzeugs angeordnet ist, mit einer Lukenöffnung 2, die mittels eines in einer Ebene parallel zur Ebene der Lukenöffnung verschiebbaren Lukendeckels verschließbar ist, wobei der Lukendeckel aus zwei übereinander angeordneten Teilen besteht, nämlich einem Unterteil 3.1 und einem Oberteil 3.2. In dem in Fig. 2 dargestellten vollständig geöffneten Zustand des Lukendeckels liegen Oberteil 3.2 und Unterteil 3.1 unmittelbar aufeinander auf und sind innerhalb eines mit einem Deckel 4.1 versehenen Schutzgehäuses 4 angeordnet, das fest mit dem Fahrzeug verbunden ist. Oberteil 3.2 und Unterteil 3.1 besitzen im wesentlichen den gleichen Außenumriss, so dass sie im geöffneten Zustand in das Schutzgehäuse 4 hineinpassen und, wie weiter unten erläutert, im geschlossenen Zustand der Luke die Lukenöffnung vollständig und dichtend abdecken.The drawings show an entry-exit hatch, which is arranged in the roof panel 1 of a combat vehicle not otherwise shown, with a hatch opening 2, which is closable by means of a displaceable in a plane parallel to the hatch opening level hatch, the hatch cover of two superimposed Parts exists, namely a lower part 3.1 and a shell 3.2. In the fully open state of the hatch cover shown in Fig. 2 are upper part 3.2 and lower part 3.1 directly to each other and are arranged within a provided with a lid 4.1 protective housing 4, which is firmly connected to the vehicle. Upper part 3.2 and lower part 3.1 have substantially the same outer contour, so that they fit in the open state in the protective housing 4 and, as explained below, in the closed Condition of the hatch cover the hatch opening completely and sealingly.

Das Unterteil 3.1 des Lukendeckels besitzt an den in Schließrichtung verlaufenden Seitenkanten Führungsschienen 11.1, die in am Fahrzeug angeordneten Führungsrollen 11.2 laufen, so dass damit eine Linearführung des Unterteils 3.1 bei der Schließ- und Öffnungsbewegung sichergestellt ist. Bei den beiden Bewegungen wird das Oberteil 3.2 vom Unterteil 3.1 mitgenommen.The lower part 3.1 of the hatch cover has at the side edges extending in the closing direction guide rails 11.1, which run in arranged on the vehicle guide rollers 11.2, so that thus a linear guide of the lower part 3.1 is ensured during the closing and opening movement. In the two movements, the upper part 3.2 is taken from the lower part 3.1.

Als Betätigungsvorrichtung für die Öffnungs- und Schließbewegung des Lukendeckels dient ein Elektromotor, dessen Abtriebselement über eine Rutschkupplung 5.2 eine Abtriebswelle 5.1 antreibt, an der ein in den Zeichnungen nicht sichtbares Ritzel angeordnet ist, das in eine Zahnstange 5.3 an einer Seitenkante des Unterteils 3.1. eingreift. Die Abtriebswelle 5.1 ist im Fahrzeuginneren mit einem Vierkant 5.11 und an der Fahrzeugaußenseite mit einem nicht dargestellten Vierkant versehen, über welche der Lukendeckel manuell gegen die Wirkung der Rutschkupplung geöffnet und geschlossen werden kann.As actuating device for the opening and closing movement of the hatch cover is an electric motor, the output element via a slip clutch 5.2 an output shaft 5.1 drives on which a non-visible in the drawings pinion is arranged in a rack 5.3 at a side edge of the lower part 3.1. intervenes. The output shaft 5.1 is provided in the vehicle interior with a square 5.11 and on the outside of the vehicle with a square, not shown, via which the hatch cover can be manually opened and closed against the action of the slip clutch.

Um zu verhindern, dass der Lukendeckel geschlossen wird, solange sich eine Person in der Lukenöffnung 2 befindet, ist an der Unterseite der Lukenöffnung 2 ein Sicherheitsrollo 9 angeordnet, das parallel zur Lukenöffnung 2 ausziehbar ist und im geschlossenen Zustand einen nicht dargestellten Schalter betätigt, durch welchen der Speisestromkreis des Elektromotors 5 freigegeben wird, so dass der Motor zum Öffnen und Schließen betätigt werden kann.In order to prevent the hatch cover is closed, as long as a person is in the hatch opening 2, a safety roller 9 is arranged on the underside of the hatch opening 2, which is extendable parallel to the hatch opening 2 and operated in the closed state a switch, not shown, through which the supply circuit of the electric motor 5 is released, so that the motor can be operated to open and close.

Auf dem Deckel 4.1 des Schutzgehäuses 4 ist der Ausblickteil 8.1 eines Winkelspiegels angeordnet. Damit bei geöffnetem Lukendeckel ein Ausblick durch den Winkelspiegel möglich ist, sind im Unterteil 3.1 des Lukendeckels und in der Dachplatte 1 des Fahrzeugs Glasblöcke 8.2 und 8.3 angeordnet und, wie Fig. 4 zu entnehmen, ist ihre Lage so, dass sie bei geöffnetem Lukendeckel zum Ausblickteil 8.1 des Winkelspiegels und zu dem im Fahrzeuginneren angeordneten Einblickteil 8.4 fluchtend liegen, so dass ein Strahlendurchgang hier möglich wäre, wenn dies nicht durch das oberhalb des Unterteils 3.1 angeordnete Oberteil 3.2 verhindert würde. Um dennoch einen Durchblick zu ermöglichen, besitzt das Oberteil 3.2 des Lukendeckels in seinem vorderen Bereich einen im geöffneten Zustand nach vorne ausfahrbaren Teilabschnitt 3.21, der in Führungen 3.22 (Fig. 1) geführt ist und dessen Abmessungen so sind, dass in dem in Fig. 5 dargestellten ausgefahrenen Zustand des Teilabschnitts 3.21 zwischen diesem Teilabschnitt und dem Rest des Oberteils 3.2 eine Lücke 8.5 entsteht, die so angeordnet ist, dass sie zu den Glasblöcken 8.2 und 8.3 fluchtend steht und dadurch den optischen Durchgang frei gibt. Das Ausfahren des Teilabschnitts 3.21 kann manuell erfolgen.On the cover 4.1 of the protective housing 4 of the viewing part 8.1 of an angle mirror is arranged. So that when the hatch cover a view through the angle mirror is possible, glass blocks 8.2 and 8.3 are arranged in the lower part 3.1 of the hatch cover and in the roof panel 1 of the vehicle and, as shown in Fig. 4, their position is such that they open hatch to the Viewing part 8.1 of the angle mirror and to the inside of the vehicle arranged viewing part 8.4 are aligned, so that a beam passage would be possible here, if this would not be prevented by the above the lower part 3.1 arranged upper part 3.2. In order nevertheless to provide a view, the upper part 3.2 of the hatch cover has in its front region an outwardly extendable section 3.21 in the open state, which is guided in guides 3.22 (FIG. 1) and whose dimensions are such that in the in FIG. 5 shown extended state of the section 3.21 between this section and the rest of the upper part 3.2, a gap 8.5 is formed, which is arranged so that it is aligned with the glass blocks 8.2 and 8.3 and thereby releases the optical passage. The extension of the subsection 3.21 can be done manually.

Die Schließbewegung des Lukendeckels ist am besten anhand der Fig. 2, 6, 8 und 10 zu erkennen. Bei der Schließbewegung wird das Oberteil 3.2 des Lukendeckels von dem aus dem Schutzgehäuse 4 herausgeschobenen Unterteil 3.1 mitgenommen. Wenn sich das Oberteil 3.2 in der in Fig. 6 dargestellten Stellung befindet, läuft ein Paar Führungsrollen 6.2 an der Vorderseite des Oberteils 3.2 auf fest angeordnete Auflaufschrägen 6.1 auf. Dies führt bei der weiteren Schließbewegung zu einer Anhebung des vorderen Bereichs des Oberteils 3.2, wie in Fig. 8 gezeigt. Am hinteren Ende ist das Oberteil 3.2 über ein Gestänge 6.3 gelenkig mit dem Unterteil 3.1 verbunden. Die Anordnung ist so, dass bei der weiteren Schließbewegung, wie Fig. 10 zeigt, auch der hintere Bereich des Oberteils 3.2 gegen die Kraft einer Zugfeder 6.4 angehoben und durch das Gestänge 6.3 abgestützt wird. In der in Fig. 10 dargestellten voll geöffneten Stellung von Unterteil 3.1 und Oberteil 3.2 stützt sich Letzteres über eine Abstützrolle 6.51 an einem federnden Abstützelement 6.5 ab, das an der Vorderkante des Deckels 4.1 des Schutzgehäuses 4 angeordnet ist. In diesem voll geschlossenen Zustand des Lukendeckels ist das Oberteil 3.2 vom Unterteil 3.1 so weit abgehoben, dass es sich im wesentlichen auf der Höhe des Deckels 4.1 des Schutzgehäuses 4 befindet. Hierdurch ist die Gesamtdicke des Lukendeckels deutlich erhöht und der Schutz infolge des Zwischenraums zwischen den beiden Deckelteilen verstärkt.The closing movement of the hatch cover can best be seen from FIGS. 2, 6, 8 and 10. During the closing movement, the upper part 3.2 of the hatch cover is taken along by the lower part 3.1 pushed out of the protective housing 4. When the upper part 3.2 is in the position shown in Fig. 6, runs a pair of guide rollers 6.2 at the front of the upper part 3.2 on fixedly arranged Bevels 6.1. This results in the further closing movement to an increase of the front portion of the upper part 3.2, as shown in Fig. 8. At the rear end of the upper part 3.2 is connected via a linkage 6.3 hinged to the lower part 3.1. The arrangement is such that in the further closing movement, as shown in FIG. 10, and the rear portion of the upper part 3.2 is raised against the force of a tension spring 6.4 and supported by the linkage 6.3. In the fully opened position of lower part 3.1 and upper part 3.2 shown in FIG. 10, the latter is supported via a support roller 6.51 on a resilient support element 6.5, which is arranged on the front edge of the cover 4.1 of the protective housing 4. In this fully closed state of the hatch cover, the upper part 3.2 is lifted so far from the lower part 3.1 that it is located substantially at the level of the cover 4.1 of the protective housing 4. As a result, the total thickness of the hatch cover is significantly increased and reinforced the protection due to the gap between the two cover parts.

In der geschlossenen Stellung kann das Unterteil 3.1 durch Betätigung von Verriegelungseinrichtungen 10 an die in der Lukenöffnung angeordneten Dichtungen 2.1 angedrückt werden, womit die Lukenöffnung dichtend verschlossen ist. Oberteil 3.2 und Unterteil 3.1 liegen im geschlossenen Zustand an einem Anschlag 7 an. Die manuelle Verriegelung des Lukendeckels geschieht über eine Verriegelungsvorrichtung 10.1. Oberhalb der Lukenöffnung und der beiden Teile 3.1 und 3.2 des Lukendeckels ist ein Schutzrollo 12 gegen Witterungseinflüsse bei geöffneter Luke angeordnet.In the closed position, the lower part 3.1 can be pressed by actuation of locking devices 10 to the arranged in the hatch opening seals 2.1, whereby the hatch opening is sealed. Upper part 3.2 and lower part 3.1 are in the closed state at a stop 7. The manual locking of the hatch cover is done via a locking device 10.1. Above the hatch opening and the two parts 3.1 and 3.2 of the hatch cover a protective roller blind 12 is arranged against the weather with the hatch open.

Claims (12)

Ein-Ausstiegsluke für ein Kampffahrzeug, insbesondere einen Kampfpanzer, mit einem Lukendeckel, der oberhalb des oberen Randes einer Lukenöffnung angeordnet und zum Öffnen und Schließen parallel zur Ebene der Lukenöffnung mittels einer Betätigungsvorrichtung verschiebbar ist, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass der Lukendeckel (3.1 - 3.2) in der vollständig geöffneten Stellung innerhalb eines mit einem Deckel (4.1) versehenen, mit dem Fahrzeug fest verbundenen Schutzgehäuses (4) angeordnet ist, und dass der Lukendeckel aus zwei übereinander angeordneten Teilen mit im wesentlichen gleichem Außenumriss besteht, nämlich einem Unterteil (3.1), das in Linearführungen (11.1 - 11.2) geführt, mittels der Betätigungsvorrichtung (5 - 5.1 - 5.2) verschiebbar ist und im geschlossenen Zustand die Lukenöffnung (2) dichtend abschließt, und einem Oberteil (3.2), das zusammen mit dem Unterteil (3.1) verschiebbar ist, sowie Mitteln (6.1 - 6.5) zum Anheben des Oberteils (3.2) im geschlossenen Zustand oder während der Schließbewegung aus einer auf dem Unterteil (3.1) aufliegenden Position, in der Unterteil (3.1) und Oberteil (3.2) gemeinsam in das Schutzgehäuse (4) passen, in eine erhöhte Position, in der die Gesamthöhe des Lukendeckels größer ist als die Innenhöhe des Schutzgehäuses (4).An exit hatch for a combat vehicle, in particular a main battle tank, with a hatch cover which is arranged above the upper edge of a hatch opening and is displaceable parallel to the hatch opening by means of an actuating device for opening and closing, characterized in that the hatch cover (3.1-3.2) in the fully open position within a protective housing (4) provided with a lid (4.1), fixed to the vehicle, and in that the hatch cover consists of two superimposed parts of essentially the same outer contour, namely a lower part (3.1), guided in linear guides (11.1-11.2), displaceable by means of the actuating device (5 - 5.1 - 5.2) and sealingly closing the hatch opening (2) in the closed state, and an upper part (3.2) displaceable together with the lower part (3.1) and means (6.1-6.5) for lifting the upper part (3.2) in the closed Z or during the closing movement from a resting on the lower part (3.1) position, in the lower part (3.1) and upper part (3.2) together in the protective housing (4) fit, in an elevated position in which the overall height of the hatch cover is greater than the inner height of the protective housing (4). Ein-Ausstiegsluke nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Mittel zum Anheben des Oberteils (3.2) mindestens eine mit dem Fahrzeug verbundene Auflaufschräge (6.1) aufweisen, auf welche mindestens eine am vorderen Ende des Oberteils angeordnete Führungsrolle (6.2) nach einem vorgegebenen Abschnitt der Öffnungsbewegung aufläuft, zum Anheben des vorderen Endes sowie mindestens einem das hintere Ende des Oberteils (3.2) gelenkig mit dem hinteren Ende des Unterteils (3.1) verbindenden Gestände (6.3) zum Anheben des hinteren Ende des Oberteils (3.2).An exit hatch according to claim 1, characterized in that the means for lifting the upper part (3.2) have at least one ramp (6.1) connected to the vehicle which guides at least one guide roller (6.2) arranged at the front end of the upper part after a predetermined portion of the opening movement, for lifting the front end and at least one of the rear ends of the upper part (3.2) hingedly connected with the rear end of the lower part (3.1) 6.3) for lifting the rear end of the upper part (3.2). Ein-Ausstiegsluke nach Anspruch 2, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass zwischen Oberteil (3.2) und Unterteil (3.1) des Lukendeckels mindestens eine Zugfeder (6.4) zur Erzeugung einer Vorspannung beim Anheben des Oberteils (3.2) angeordnet ist.One-exit hatch according to claim 2, characterized in that between the upper part (3.2) and lower part (3.1) of the hatch cover at least one tension spring (6.4) for generating a bias when lifting the upper part (3.2) is arranged. Ein-Ausstiegsluke nach Anspruch 2 oder 3, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass am vorderen Ende des Deckels (4.1) des Schutzgehäuses (4) mindestens ein Abstützelement (6.5) zur Abstützung des hinteren Endes des Oberteils (3.2) des Lukendeckels in der angehobenen Stellung angeordnet ist.An exit hatch according to claim 2 or 3, characterized in that at the front end of the lid (4.1) of the protective housing (4) at least one support element (6.5) for supporting the rear end of the upper part (3.2) of the hatch cover is arranged in the raised position , Ein-Ausstiegsluke nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 4, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Schließbewegung des Lukendeckels durch mindestens einen in der Bahn des Unterteils (3.1) und/oder Oberteils (3.2) liegenden Anschlag begrenzt ist.Entry-exit hatch according to one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that the closing movement of the hatch cover is limited by at least one stop lying in the path of the lower part (3.1) and / or upper part (3.2). Ein-Ausstiegsluke nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 5, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass unterhalb eines auf dem Deckel (4.1) des Schutzgehäuses (4) angeordneten Ausblickteils (8.1) eines Winkelspiegels in der Dachplatte (1) des Fahrzeugs und im Unterteil (3.1) des Lukendeckels im geöffneten Zustand des Lukendeckels zueinander fluchtende Glasblöcke (8.2, 8.3) für den optischen Durchgang angeordnet sind und das Oberteil (3.2) des Lukendeckels in seinem vorderen Bereich einen im geöffneten Zustand nach vorne ausfahrbaren Teilabschnitt (3.21) aufweist, dessen Abmessungen so sind, dass im ausgefahrenen Zustand eine Lücke (8.4) zwischen dem ausgefahrenen Teilabschnitt (3.21) und dem restlichen Oberteil (3.1) im Bereich zwischen dem Ausblickteil (8.1) des Winkelspiegels und dem Glasblock (8.2) im Unterteil (3.1) des Lukendeckels den optischen Durchgang frei gibt.Entry-exit hatch according to one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that below one on the lid (4.1) of the Protective housing (4) arranged viewing part (8.1) of an angle mirror in the roof panel (1) of the vehicle and in the lower part (3.1) of the hatch cover in the open state of the hatch cover mutually aligned glass blocks (8.2, 8.3) are arranged for the optical passage and the upper part ( 3.2) of the hatch cover in its front region in the open state forwards extendable portion (3.21) whose dimensions are such that in the extended state, a gap (8.4) between the extended portion (3.21) and the remaining upper part (3.1) in Area between the viewing part (8.1) of the angle mirror and the glass block (8.2) in the lower part (3.1) of the hatch cover the optical passage freely. Ein-Ausstiegsluke nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 6, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Betätigungsvorrichtung einen Elektromotor (5) aufweist, dessen Abtriebselement über eine Rutschkupplung (5.2) eine Abtriebswelle (5.1) antreibt, die ein in eine am Unterteil (3.1) des Lukendeckels in Längsrichtung angeordnete Zahnstange (5.3) eingreifendes Antriebsritzel trägt.One-exit hatch according to one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that the actuating device has an electric motor (5) whose output element via a slip clutch (5.2) drives an output shaft (5.1), one in the lower part (3.1) of the hatch cover longitudinally arranged rack (5.3) carries engaging drive pinion. Ein-Ausstiegsluke nach Anspruch 7, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass unterhalb der Lukenöffnung (2) ein parallel zur Lukenöffnung ausziehbares Sicherheitsrollo (9) angeordnet ist, das im geschlossenen Zustand einen den Speisestromkreis des Elektromotors (5) freigebenden Schalter betätigt.An exit hatch according to claim 7, characterized in that below the hatch opening (2) an extendable parallel to the hatch opening safety roller blind (9) is arranged, which actuates a the power supply circuit of the electric motor (5) releasing switch in the closed state. Ein-Ausstiegsluke nach Anspruch 7 oder 8, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Abtriebswelle (5.1) über einen in das Fahrzeuginnere und nach außen geführten Vierkant (5.11) manuell gegen die Rutschkupplung (5.2) zur Notöffnung des Lukendeckels betätigbar ist.One-exit hatch according to claim 7 or 8, characterized in that the output shaft (5.1) via a guided in the vehicle interior and outward square (5.11) is manually operable against the slip clutch (5.2) for emergency opening of the hatch cover. Ein-Ausstiegsluke nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 9, gekennzeichnet durch mindestens eine von innen und außen betätigbare Verriegelungsvorrichtung (10.1) zum Festhalten des Lukendeckels in der geöffneten und/oder geschlossenen Stellung.Entry-exit hatch according to one of Claims 1 to 9, characterized by at least one locking device (10.1) which can be actuated internally and externally for holding the hatch cover in the open and / or closed position. Ein-Ausstiegsluke nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 10, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Bewegung des Unterteils (3.1) des Lukendeckels über Führungsschienen (11.1) und Führungsrollen (11.2) geführt ist.Entry-exit hatch according to one of claims 1 to 10, characterized in that the movement of the lower part (3.1) of the hatch cover via guide rails (11.1) and guide rollers (11.2) is guided. Ein-Ausstiegsluke nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 11, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass oberhalb der Lukenöffnung (2) und oberhalb des Schließweges des Lukendeckels (3.1 - 3.2) ein ausziehbares Schutzrollo (12) angeordnet ist.Entry-exit hatch according to one of claims 1 to 11, characterized in that above the hatch opening (2) and above the closing path of the hatch cover (3.1 - 3.2) an extendable protective roller blind (12) is arranged.
EP05015183A 2004-07-29 2005-07-13 Hatch for combat vehicle, especially for main battle tank Not-in-force EP1621844B1 (en)

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DE102004036842A DE102004036842A1 (en) 2004-07-29 2004-07-29 One-exit hatch for a combat vehicle, in particular a main battle tank

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EP1843123A1 (en) 2006-04-07 2007-10-10 Krauss-Maffei Wegmann GmbH & Co. KG Protection device on the entry/escape hatch of a combat vehicle, in particular a tank
EP2120001A3 (en) * 2008-05-13 2009-12-02 Krauss-Maffei Wegmann GmbH & Co. KG Armoured vehicle with a manhole which is closable by a cover
EP2157395A3 (en) * 2008-08-21 2013-01-02 Krauss-Maffei Wegmann GmbH & Co. KG Manhole cover
WO2023138808A1 (en) * 2022-01-18 2023-07-27 Rheinmetall Landsysteme Gmbh Armoured vehicle having an emergency exit hatch

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DE202006014120U1 (en) * 2006-09-14 2008-02-14 Krauss-Maffei Wegmann Gmbh & Co. Kg Safety circuit for an electric drive device for opening and closing the hatch cover at an entry / exit hatch of a combat vehicle
DE102008034245B4 (en) 2008-07-23 2012-05-24 Krauss-Maffei Wegmann Gmbh & Co. Kg Hatch cover for use on an armored vehicle, in particular combat vehicle
DE102015114426A1 (en) 2015-08-28 2017-03-02 Rheinmetall Man Military Vehicles Gmbh Lifting / swiveling device for a hatch cover of a protected vehicle, hatch cover assembly and protected vehicle
DE102021126173A1 (en) 2021-10-08 2023-04-13 Rheinmetall Landsysteme Gmbh Armored vehicle with emergency exit hatch

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Cited By (6)

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP1669234A1 (en) * 2004-12-08 2006-06-14 Rheinmetall Landsysteme GmbH Apparatus for opening and closing a hatch cover, in particular for an armoured vehicle
EP1843123A1 (en) 2006-04-07 2007-10-10 Krauss-Maffei Wegmann GmbH & Co. KG Protection device on the entry/escape hatch of a combat vehicle, in particular a tank
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EP2120001A3 (en) * 2008-05-13 2009-12-02 Krauss-Maffei Wegmann GmbH & Co. KG Armoured vehicle with a manhole which is closable by a cover
EP2157395A3 (en) * 2008-08-21 2013-01-02 Krauss-Maffei Wegmann GmbH & Co. KG Manhole cover
WO2023138808A1 (en) * 2022-01-18 2023-07-27 Rheinmetall Landsysteme Gmbh Armoured vehicle having an emergency exit hatch

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DE102004036842A1 (en) 2006-03-23
ATE356967T1 (en) 2007-04-15
NO330744B1 (en) 2011-06-27
DE502005000469D1 (en) 2007-04-26
NO20053306L (en) 2006-01-30
NO20053306D0 (en) 2005-07-06
EP1621844B1 (en) 2007-03-14
ES2284107T3 (en) 2007-11-01

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