EP1620761B1 - Optical aerial line and method of installation thereof - Google Patents
Optical aerial line and method of installation thereof Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- EP1620761B1 EP1620761B1 EP04729476.4A EP04729476A EP1620761B1 EP 1620761 B1 EP1620761 B1 EP 1620761B1 EP 04729476 A EP04729476 A EP 04729476A EP 1620761 B1 EP1620761 B1 EP 1620761B1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- optical cable
- binders
- electrical conductor
- aerial
- optical
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Lifetime
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- 230000003287 optical effect Effects 0.000 title claims description 77
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims description 21
- 238000009434 installation Methods 0.000 title description 10
- 239000011230 binding agent Substances 0.000 claims description 54
- 239000004020 conductor Substances 0.000 claims description 46
- 238000004804 winding Methods 0.000 claims description 11
- 239000003989 dielectric material Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000000853 adhesive Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000001070 adhesive effect Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000004760 aramid Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 229920003235 aromatic polyamide Polymers 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000011521 glass Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000006073 displacement reaction Methods 0.000 description 9
- 230000008878 coupling Effects 0.000 description 7
- 238000010168 coupling process Methods 0.000 description 7
- 238000005859 coupling reaction Methods 0.000 description 7
- 239000000835 fiber Substances 0.000 description 7
- 239000002390 adhesive tape Substances 0.000 description 5
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 description 5
- 239000013307 optical fiber Substances 0.000 description 4
- 238000004891 communication Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000032683 aging Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000010355 oscillation Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000005672 electromagnetic field Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000007613 environmental effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000011900 installation process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000009413 insulation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000012212 insulator Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000005855 radiation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910001220 stainless steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000010935 stainless steel Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000006467 substitution reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
Images
Classifications
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
- G02B6/00—Light guides; Structural details of arrangements comprising light guides and other optical elements, e.g. couplings
- G02B6/46—Processes or apparatus adapted for installing or repairing optical fibres or optical cables
- G02B6/48—Overhead installation
- G02B6/483—Installation of aerial type
- G02B6/486—Installation of aerial type by helical wrapping
Definitions
- the invention relates to an optical aerial line and to a method of installation thereof.
- Fiber optical cable links are the foundation of such communications systems, since they have the advantage of large capacity, high speed and long distance transmission, without showing any cross-talk. At the same time, they are not influenced by electromagnetic fields, which is very important for installations on High-Voltage (HV) lines.
- HV High-Voltage
- OPGW Optical Ground Wire
- ADSS All-Dielectric Self-Supporting
- the ADL All-Dielectric Lashed
- HV lines either a ground wire or a phase conductor may serve as the messenger.
- the article of R. Bohme, R. Girbig, G. Hog (Alcatel Arthur AG & Co, Monchengladbach, Germany), "Fibre Optic Lashed Cables on High Voltage Lines", International Wire & Cable Symposium Proceedings 1998, pages 642-649 , presents an overview of existing techniques for attaching a light weight dielectric optical fibre cable to an existing rope, either ground wire or phase conductor.
- the optical cable may be lashed onto a messenger by means of a lashing binder, wrapped onto the messenger, attached to the messenger by means of clips or clamps, or attached by means of a preformed rod.
- the authors of this article consider the lashed cable technique as the one that offers more installation flexibility and allows for longer spliceless cable length than any other technique.
- the optical cable may be lashed to the messenger with two dielectric lashing binders, the second one being added only for safety reasons.
- US 4,424,954 (Communications Systems) relates to a device to lash a fiber optic cable to a supporting strand and tackles the problem of insufficient securing of the optical cable when a prior art cable lashing machine is used with recent fiber optic cables, which are lighter and smaller than in the past. Due to the insufficient securing, the fiber optic tends to twist around the supporting strand, and such twisting damages the insulation on the fiber optic cable and thus reduces the cable's efficiency and impulse transmitting ability. The problem is eliminated by tensioning the fiber optic cable as it passes through the lashing machine and is lashed to the supporting strand, so as to maintain it coextensive relative to the supporting strand. A lashing line is then helically wrapped around the supporting strand and the optical cable.
- US 6,193,824 (Siemens) relates to a method of installing an optical cable on a conductor of a high voltage overhead line with the aid of securing elements applied in a helical manner, wherein a safeguard against coming off in the event of a rupture of a securing element is provided.
- the optical cable is fitted along the electrical conductor and secured by means of a helically wrapped adhesive tape.
- a particularly secure attachment results if two adhesive tapes are applied with crossover wrapping since there is a further defined bonding between the two adhesive tapes additionally at the adhesive tape crossover points.
- EP0981192 relates to a heat dissipating device for transmission line, transmission line with heat dissipating device and method for fitting heat dissipating device to transmission line.
- the Applicant has tackled the problem of improving the tightness and the safety of a lashed coupling, avoiding the use of adhesives, which are subjected to ageing, and of cable tensioning techniques, which are difficult to implement.
- the Applicant has in particular tackled the problem of avoiding displacements of the optical cables after installation, due for example to wind which would affect the integrity and the performances of the optical line.
- the Applicant has verified that a particularly convenient arrangement of the optical/electrical lashed assembly is to dispose the optical cable parallel to the electrical conductor and underneath the electrical conductor (in a vertical-alignment geometry). In this case, possible lateral displacements of the optical cable are undesired.
- the Applicant has for example observed that, in very cold environmental conditions, a lateral displacement of the optical cable with respect to the position underneath the electrical conductor would lead to an increase ice formation on the assembly, and therefore to an additional weight to be supported by the structure. Moreover, this displacement of the optical cable renders the structure more subjected to oscillations when the ice layer is detached from the assembly (galloping phenomena).
- a suitable coupling of the optical cable and the electrical conductor may be achieved by opportunely selecting the type and number of securing elements, the pitch of the helical laying of the securing elements, and the tension of application of the securing elements.
- the Applicant has found that displacements of the optical cable, in particular lateral displacement from the preferred position underneath the electrical conductor, can be avoided by selecting said parameters so as to have a binding force, defined as the contact pressure per length unit between optical cable and electrical conductor, greater than about 5 kg/m.
- a tight coupling with a sufficient number of securing elements also improves the safety of the structure.
- the above condition on the binding force can be satisfied by an opportune selection of the parameters N, T and P.
- the above-mentioned value of binding force can be obtained for example with a number N of binders greater than 2, a tension T of at least 1 kg and a pitch P of each single binder of at most 200 mm.
- the lashing binders are preferably of dielectric material.
- Lashing binders of stainless steel wires already used in the past for this kind of application, have the drawback of causing fault damages when a broken lashing wire contact a phase conductor along the cable route.
- This invention therefore relates to a method of installing an optical aerial line according to claim 1.
- a power overhead line 1 comprises a plurality of pylons (or towers) 2, a ground cable 3 fitted at the top of the pylons 2 and at least three phase cables 4 which are fastened, for example, to cross arms in a conventional manner, by insulators.
- the power overhead line 1 may be a high-voltage line or a low or medium-voltage line.
- An optical aerial line 6 is associated to the power overhead line 1.
- the optical aerial line 6 comprises an optical cable 7, which is fastened to an electrical conductor (or messenger wire) of the power overhead line 1.
- the optical cable 7 is preferably coupled to the ground cable 3 (as in the illustrated example), while if the power overhead line 1 is a low or medium-voltage line, the optical cable 7 is preferably coupled to one of the phase cables 4.
- the optical/electrical assembly formed by the electrical conductor 3 and the optical cable 7 is kept tight by securing elements 8 of dielectric material, wound in a helical manner.
- the electrical conductor 3 has a diameter preferably comprised between 7 and 30 mm and the optical cable 7, which is preferably of a central or stranded buffer tubes design, has an outer diameter preferably comprised between 3 and 30 mm, more preferably comprised between 8 and 18 mm.
- Optical cable 7 contains a number of optical fibers preferably comprised between 12 and 144.
- the securing elements 8 comprise a predetermined number N of lashing binders 8a, 8b, 8c, 8d (four in the illustrated example), helically wound around the electrical conductor 2 and the optical cable 3 and preferably evenly spaced.
- the lashing binders 8a, 8b, 8c, 8d are preferably made of yarns of dielectric material, for example multi-strand aramid or glass yarns coated with a polymeric jacket, preferably a jacket of the same material as typically used in the optical cable sheath.
- Said dielectric material shall be resistant to high temperatures, preferably resistant to temperatures of 200°C or higher for some seconds, and to temperatures of more than 120°C for a long period.
- said dielectric material shall be resistant to UV radiation.
- the lashing binders 8a-8d are wound in a same direction.
- the lashing binders 8a- 8d are wound partly clockwise and partly counterclockwise, so as to cross each other along the respective paths.
- the number of binders wound clockwise is equal to the number of binders wound counterclockwise.
- two binders (4a, 4c) are wound in one direction and two other binders 4b, 4d are wound in the opposite direction.
- the number N of binders is at least two for safety reasons. However, the Applicant has verified that, to apply a suitable coupling strength, a number of binders of at least three is preferred. A number of binders higher than four, although suitable for further increasing the coupling strength, can introduce an excessive complexity in the installation apparatus and process.
- the Applicant has observed that if the optical cable 7 is not coupled to the electrical conductor 3 with a sufficient strength, the optical cable 7 may be subjected to lateral displacements, for example in case of strong wind.
- a displacement of the optical cable 7 is undesired in that it affects the structural geometry of the line with related drawbacks, such as for example an increased tendency to ice formation and to oscillation phenomena ("galloping").
- the Applicant has found that displacements of the optical cable can be avoided by securing the optical cable to the electrical conductor with a binding force greater than about 5 kg/m.
- the above condition on the binding force can be satisfied by an opportune selection of the parameters N, T and P.
- the above-mentioned value of binding force can be obtained for example with a number N of binders greater than 2, a tension T of at least 1 kg and a pitch P of each single binder of at most 200 mm.
- the tension T is comprised between 1 and 10 kg, more preferably between 2 and 5 kg.
- the value of the parameters were the following:
- an installation apparatus 10 suitable to install the optical aerial line 6, comprises a remote-controlled tractor machine 11, a double-block assembly 12, a binder machine (or lasher) 13 and a cable feeding assembly comprising a pulley 14, a winch 15 and a drum 22 of optical cable.
- the double-block assembly 12 comprises a rope 16 and a set of double blocks 17 that, during installation, are evenly distributed along the rope 16.
- the double blocks 17 are supporting members provided with guiding pulleys and suitable to hold the optical cable 7 close to the electrical conductor 3.
- the binder machine 13 comprises a cylindrical body 18 and a plurality of binder reels 19 held by the cylindrical body 18 and evenly arranged around the cylindrical body.
- the binder reels 19 are in a number corresponding to the number of binders 8 to be applied.
- the cylindrical central body 18 has a central bore 20 and a radial opening 21 allowing application of the body 18 onto the conductor 3.
- the optical aerial line 6 may be installed as follows.
- optical cable 7 has to be lashed to the ground cable 3 in the direction of arrow A, from left to right.
- the installation process starts by lifting the tractor machine 11 up to the electrical conductor 3 close to the pylon on the left in Figure 5 .
- the optical cable 7 (pulled from the drum 22 positioned on the ground) and the rope 16 are attached to the tractor machine 11.
- An operator at the ground level activates the tractor machine 11 via a radio controlled command, so that the tractor machine 11 starts to move (towards the right in Figure 5 ).
- an operator positioned at the existing cable level applies the double blocks 17 to hold the optical cable 7 close to the electrical conductor 3.
- the tractor machine 11 arrives at the next pylon (on the right in Figure 5 ), the tractor machine 11 is stopped. An operator passes the tractor machine 11 and the optical cable 7 to the next span, then attaches the rope, and the process continues as above. The same operations are repeated on the following spans.
- the rope 16 from one end is attached to the winch 15, while the other end is attached to the binder machine 13, which has been previously lifted up to the electrical conductor 3 close to the first pylon.
- the winch 15 starts to pull the rope 16, and consequently at the other end the binder machine 13 starts to move (from left to right in Figure 6 , as indicated by arrow B).
- the reels 19 rotate about the longitudinal axis of the machine, so that the binder yarns 8 are helically wound onto the optical cable 7 and the electrical conductor 3.
- the winch 15 is stopped. Special hardware accessories of a known type (not shown) are provided at both ends of the span for locking the optical cable 7 and the binder yarns 8. Then an operator passes the binder machine 13 and the rope 16 to the next span and the process continues as above. The same operations are repeated on the following spans.
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- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Optics & Photonics (AREA)
- Communication Cables (AREA)
- Light Guides In General And Applications Therefor (AREA)
Description
- The invention relates to an optical aerial line and to a method of installation thereof.
- It is known to combine an optical communication system with aerial power system, by routing utility cables, such as telephone or data transmission cables, between selected locations as overhead wiring suspended from a series of utility poles.
- Fiber optical cable links are the foundation of such communications systems, since they have the advantage of large capacity, high speed and long distance transmission, without showing any cross-talk. At the same time, they are not influenced by electromagnetic fields, which is very important for installations on High-Voltage (HV) lines.
- The easiest way to connect power plants and control stations is to use the existing high voltage lines. The most common method for this is to install an Optical Ground Wire (OPGW), which contains optical fibers, as a substitution of an existing ground wire. Another possibility consists in incorporating optical fibers in a cable that replaces one of the standard phase conductors. This solution is called Optical Phase Conductor (OPPC). Besides these integrated solutions, additional cables can be installed on the towers. Self-supporting cables for additional installation on high-voltage lines are the MASS (Metallic Aerial Self-Supporting) and the ADSS (All-Dielectric Self-Supporting) cables. While these self-supporting cables are hung between the towers, the ADL (All-Dielectric Lashed) is a small sized cable that is attached to a messenger wire. In HV lines, either a ground wire or a phase conductor may serve as the messenger.
- The article of R. Bohme, R. Girbig, G. Hog (Alcatel Kabel AG & Co, Monchengladbach, Germany), "Fibre Optic Lashed Cables on High Voltage Lines", International Wire & Cable Symposium Proceedings 1998, pages 642-649, presents an overview of existing techniques for attaching a light weight dielectric optical fibre cable to an existing rope, either ground wire or phase conductor. The optical cable may be lashed onto a messenger by means of a lashing binder, wrapped onto the messenger, attached to the messenger by means of clips or clamps, or attached by means of a preformed rod.
- The authors of this article consider the lashed cable technique as the one that offers more installation flexibility and allows for longer spliceless cable length than any other technique. The optical cable may be lashed to the messenger with two dielectric lashing binders, the second one being added only for safety reasons.
-
US 4,424,954 (Communications Systems) relates to a device to lash a fiber optic cable to a supporting strand and tackles the problem of insufficient securing of the optical cable when a prior art cable lashing machine is used with recent fiber optic cables, which are lighter and smaller than in the past. Due to the insufficient securing, the fiber optic tends to twist around the supporting strand, and such twisting damages the insulation on the fiber optic cable and thus reduces the cable's efficiency and impulse transmitting ability. The problem is eliminated by tensioning the fiber optic cable as it passes through the lashing machine and is lashed to the supporting strand, so as to maintain it coextensive relative to the supporting strand. A lashing line is then helically wrapped around the supporting strand and the optical cable. -
US 6,193,824 (Siemens) relates to a method of installing an optical cable on a conductor of a high voltage overhead line with the aid of securing elements applied in a helical manner, wherein a safeguard against coming off in the event of a rupture of a securing element is provided. The optical cable is fitted along the electrical conductor and secured by means of a helically wrapped adhesive tape. A particularly secure attachment results if two adhesive tapes are applied with crossover wrapping since there is a further defined bonding between the two adhesive tapes additionally at the adhesive tape crossover points. -
EP0981192 relates to a heat dissipating device for transmission line, transmission line with heat dissipating device and method for fitting heat dissipating device to transmission line. - The Applicant notes that, although the use of adhesive tape provides a good coupling of the optical cable and the electrical conductor, problems of ageing of the adhesive can arise, which can reduce in time the effectiveness and the safety of the coupling.
- The Applicant has tackled the problem of improving the tightness and the safety of a lashed coupling, avoiding the use of adhesives, which are subjected to ageing, and of cable tensioning techniques, which are difficult to implement. The Applicant has in particular tackled the problem of avoiding displacements of the optical cables after installation, due for example to wind which would affect the integrity and the performances of the optical line.
- The Applicant has verified that a particularly convenient arrangement of the optical/electrical lashed assembly is to dispose the optical cable parallel to the electrical conductor and underneath the electrical conductor (in a vertical-alignment geometry). In this case, possible lateral displacements of the optical cable are undesired. The Applicant has for example observed that, in very cold environmental conditions, a lateral displacement of the optical cable with respect to the position underneath the electrical conductor would lead to an increase ice formation on the assembly, and therefore to an additional weight to be supported by the structure. Moreover, this displacement of the optical cable renders the structure more subjected to oscillations when the ice layer is detached from the assembly (galloping phenomena).
- The Applicant has found that a suitable coupling of the optical cable and the electrical conductor may be achieved by opportunely selecting the type and number of securing elements, the pitch of the helical laying of the securing elements, and the tension of application of the securing elements.
- In particular, the Applicant has found that displacements of the optical cable, in particular lateral displacement from the preferred position underneath the electrical conductor, can be avoided by selecting said parameters so as to have a binding force, defined as the contact pressure per length unit between optical cable and electrical conductor, greater than about 5 kg/m. A tight coupling with a sufficient number of securing elements also improves the safety of the structure.
-
- N is the number of binders;
- T [kg] is the tension of application of the binders;
- P [m] is the winding pitch of the binders;
- α is the winding angle of the binder; and
- β is the angle between the plane tangent to the outer surfaces of the two cables and the plane containing the longitudinal axis of said cables.
-
-
- for r1≥r2 C = r1·(π- (180+2β/180) + r2·(π·(180-2β/180) + 2·(r1+r2)·cosβ
- for r2≥r1 C = r2·(π·(180+2β/180) + r1·(π·(180-2β/180) + 2·(r1+r2)·cosβ
- Therefore, starting from predetermined values of the diameter of the electrical conductor and the optical cable, the above condition on the binding force can be satisfied by an opportune selection of the parameters N, T and P. The above-mentioned value of binding force can be obtained for example with a number N of binders greater than 2, a tension T of at least 1 kg and a pitch P of each single binder of at most 200 mm.
- The lashing binders are preferably of dielectric material. Lashing binders of stainless steel wires, already used in the past for this kind of application, have the drawback of causing fault damages when a broken lashing wire contact a phase conductor along the cable route.
- This invention therefore relates to a method of installing an optical aerial line according to
claim 1. - Further details may be found in the following description, which refers to the appended figures listed here:
-
Figure 1 illustrates a power overhead line holding an optical aerial line; -
Figure 2 shows part of the optical aerial line ofFigure 1 , including an optical cable fastened to a power conductor in accordance to the present invention; -
Figure 3 shows an alternative way of fastening the optical cable to the electrical conductor. -
Figure 4 shows a cross-section of the assembly formed by the power conductor and the optical cable; -
Figures 5 and6 show thepower overhead line 1 during the process of installation of the optical aerial line; and -
Figure 7 relates to a component of an apparatus for installing the aerial optical line. - With reference to
Figure 1 , apower overhead line 1 comprises a plurality of pylons (or towers) 2, aground cable 3 fitted at the top of thepylons 2 and at least threephase cables 4 which are fastened, for example, to cross arms in a conventional manner, by insulators. Thepower overhead line 1 may be a high-voltage line or a low or medium-voltage line. - An optical
aerial line 6 is associated to thepower overhead line 1. - With reference to
Figure 2 , the opticalaerial line 6 comprises anoptical cable 7, which is fastened to an electrical conductor (or messenger wire) of thepower overhead line 1. - If the
power overhead line 1 is a high-voltage line, theoptical cable 7 is preferably coupled to the ground cable 3 (as in the illustrated example), while if thepower overhead line 1 is a low or medium-voltage line, theoptical cable 7 is preferably coupled to one of thephase cables 4. - The optical/electrical assembly formed by the
electrical conductor 3 and theoptical cable 7 is kept tight by securingelements 8 of dielectric material, wound in a helical manner. - The
electrical conductor 3 has a diameter preferably comprised between 7 and 30 mm and theoptical cable 7, which is preferably of a central or stranded buffer tubes design, has an outer diameter preferably comprised between 3 and 30 mm, more preferably comprised between 8 and 18 mm.Optical cable 7 contains a number of optical fibers preferably comprised between 12 and 144. - The securing
elements 8 comprise a predetermined number N of lashingbinders electrical conductor 2 and theoptical cable 3 and preferably evenly spaced. - The lashing
binders - In the embodiment of
Figure 2 , the lashingbinders 8a-8d are wound in a same direction. In the alternative embodiment ofFigure 3 , the lashingbinders 8a- 8d are wound partly clockwise and partly counterclockwise, so as to cross each other along the respective paths. Preferably, the number of binders wound clockwise is equal to the number of binders wound counterclockwise. In the illustrated example, two binders (4a, 4c) are wound in one direction and two other binders 4b, 4d are wound in the opposite direction. - The number N of binders is at least two for safety reasons. However, the Applicant has verified that, to apply a suitable coupling strength, a number of binders of at least three is preferred. A number of binders higher than four, although suitable for further increasing the coupling strength, can introduce an excessive complexity in the installation apparatus and process.
- The Applicant has observed that if the
optical cable 7 is not coupled to theelectrical conductor 3 with a sufficient strength, theoptical cable 7 may be subjected to lateral displacements, for example in case of strong wind. A displacement of theoptical cable 7 is undesired in that it affects the structural geometry of the line with related drawbacks, such as for example an increased tendency to ice formation and to oscillation phenomena ("galloping"). - The Applicant has found that displacements of the optical cable can be avoided by securing the optical cable to the electrical conductor with a binding force greater than about 5 kg/m.
-
- N is the number of binders;
- T [kg] is the tension of application of the binders;
- P [m] is the winding pitch of the binders;
- α is the winding angle of the binder; and
- β is the angle between the plane tangent to the outer surfaces of the two cables and the plane containing the longitudinal axis of said cables, as shown in
Figure 4 . -
-
- for r1≥r2 C = r1·(π·(180+2β/180) + r2·(π·(180-2β/180) + 2·(r1+r2)·cosβ
- for r2≥r1 C = r2·(π·(180+2β/180) + r1·(π-(180-2β/180) + 2·(r1+r2)·cosβ
- Therefore, starting from predetermined values of the diameter of the electrical conductor and the optical cable, the above condition on the binding force can be satisfied by an opportune selection of the parameters N, T and P. The above-mentioned value of binding force can be obtained for example with a number N of binders greater than 2, a tension T of at least 1 kg and a pitch P of each single binder of at most 200 mm. Preferably, the tension T is comprised between 1 and 10 kg, more preferably between 2 and 5 kg.
- In an example of realization of the optical cable/electrical conductor assembly according to the present invention, the value of the parameters were the following:
- r1 = 4 mm;
- r2 = 4.55 mm;
- T = 2 kg;
- N = 4;
- P = 180 mm;
- With reference to
Figures 5 and6 , aninstallation apparatus 10, suitable to install the opticalaerial line 6, comprises a remote-controlledtractor machine 11, a double-block assembly 12, a binder machine (or lasher) 13 and a cable feeding assembly comprising apulley 14, awinch 15 and adrum 22 of optical cable. - The double-
block assembly 12 comprises arope 16 and a set ofdouble blocks 17 that, during installation, are evenly distributed along therope 16. The double blocks 17 are supporting members provided with guiding pulleys and suitable to hold theoptical cable 7 close to theelectrical conductor 3. - With reference to
Figure 7 , thebinder machine 13 comprises acylindrical body 18 and a plurality ofbinder reels 19 held by thecylindrical body 18 and evenly arranged around the cylindrical body. Thebinder reels 19 are in a number corresponding to the number ofbinders 8 to be applied. The cylindricalcentral body 18 has acentral bore 20 and aradial opening 21 allowing application of thebody 18 onto theconductor 3. - The optical
aerial line 6 may be installed as follows. - In the present example, it is assumed that the
optical cable 7 has to be lashed to theground cable 3 in the direction of arrow A, from left to right. - The installation process starts by lifting the
tractor machine 11 up to theelectrical conductor 3 close to the pylon on the left inFigure 5 . The optical cable 7 (pulled from thedrum 22 positioned on the ground) and therope 16 are attached to thetractor machine 11. - An operator at the ground level activates the
tractor machine 11 via a radio controlled command, so that thetractor machine 11 starts to move (towards the right inFigure 5 ). As thetractor machine 11 moves, an operator positioned at the existing cable level applies thedouble blocks 17 to hold theoptical cable 7 close to theelectrical conductor 3. - As the
tractor machine 11 arrives at the next pylon (on the right inFigure 5 ), thetractor machine 11 is stopped. An operator passes thetractor machine 11 and theoptical cable 7 to the next span, then attaches the rope, and the process continues as above. The same operations are repeated on the following spans. - Once the
optical cable 7 of thedrum 22 has been completely stringed, therope 16 from one end is attached to thewinch 15, while the other end is attached to thebinder machine 13, which has been previously lifted up to theelectrical conductor 3 close to the first pylon. Thewinch 15 starts to pull therope 16, and consequently at the other end thebinder machine 13 starts to move (from left to right inFigure 6 , as indicated by arrow B). As thebinder machine 13 moves, thereels 19 rotate about the longitudinal axis of the machine, so that thebinder yarns 8 are helically wound onto theoptical cable 7 and theelectrical conductor 3. - As the
binder machine 13 arrives at the next pylon, thewinch 15 is stopped. Special hardware accessories of a known type (not shown) are provided at both ends of the span for locking theoptical cable 7 and thebinder yarns 8. Then an operator passes thebinder machine 13 and therope 16 to the next span and the process continues as above. The same operations are repeated on the following spans.
Claims (7)
- A method of installing an optical aerial line (6), comprising arranging an optical cable (7) parallel to an aerial electrical conductor (3, 4) and lashing the optical cable (7) to the aerial electrical conductor (3, 4), wherein:a) arranging an optical cable (7) parallel to an aerial electrical conductor (3, 4) comprises arranging an optical cable (7) underneath the aerial electrical conductor (3, 4),b) lashing the optical cable (7) to the aerial electrical conductor (3, 4) comprises helically winding at least two non adhesive binders (8a, 8b, 8c, 8d) around the aerial electrical conductor (3, 4) and the optical cable (7) with a binder winding pitch and locking the optical cable (7) and the binders with hardware accessories at both ends of a span,c) the tension of application of said binders (8a, 8b, 8c, 8d) is comprised between 9.8 and 98N (1 and 10 kg),d) the binder winding pitch is of at most 200 mm, ande) starting from predetermined diameter values of electrical conductor (3, 4) and of optical cable (7), the number, N, of said binders (8a, 8b, 8c, 8d), the tension, T, of application of said binders (8a, 8b, 8c, 8d) and the binder winding pitch, P, are selected so as to have a binding force, F, for unit length of the electrical conductor of at least 49 N/m (5 kg/m);f) the binding force, F, is expressed according to the following equation:for r1≥r2 C = r1·(π·(180+2β/180) + r2·(π·(180-2β/180) + 2·(r1+r2)·cosβfor r2≥r1 C = r2·(π·(180+2β/180) + r1·(π·(180-2β/180) + 2·(r1+r2)·cosβ.
- The method of claim 1, wherein lashing the optical cable (7) comprises helically winding more than two binders (8a, 8b, 8c, 8d).
- The method of claim 1, wherein said binders (8a, 8b, 8c, 8d) are made of a dielectric material.
- The method of claim 3, wherein said binders (8a, 8b, 8c, 8d) comprise aramid or glass yarns.
- The method of claim 3, wherein said binders (8a, 8b, 8c, 8d) are coated with a polymeric material.
- The method of claim 1, wherein part of said binders (8a, 8b, 8c, 8d) is wound in one direction and part in the opposite direction.
- The method of claim 1, further comprising evenly distributing a set of double blocks (17) along a rope (16), wherein said double blocks (17) are supporting members provided with guiding pulleys and suitable to hold the optical cable (7) close to the electrical conductor (3).
Priority Applications (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
PL04729476T PL1620761T3 (en) | 2003-05-06 | 2004-04-26 | Optical aerial line and method of installation thereof |
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
ES200301131 | 2003-05-06 | ||
PCT/IB2004/001492 WO2004099840A1 (en) | 2003-05-06 | 2004-04-26 | Optical aerial line and method of installation thereof |
Publications (3)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
EP1620761A1 EP1620761A1 (en) | 2006-02-01 |
EP1620761B1 true EP1620761B1 (en) | 2016-11-30 |
EP1620761B8 EP1620761B8 (en) | 2017-01-11 |
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Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
EP04729476.4A Expired - Lifetime EP1620761B8 (en) | 2003-05-06 | 2004-04-26 | Optical aerial line and method of installation thereof |
Country Status (6)
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US (1) | US7352936B2 (en) |
EP (1) | EP1620761B8 (en) |
BR (1) | BRPI0410012A (en) |
ES (1) | ES2616519T3 (en) |
PL (1) | PL1620761T3 (en) |
WO (1) | WO2004099840A1 (en) |
Families Citing this family (6)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US7860364B2 (en) * | 2007-08-27 | 2010-12-28 | Tyco Electronics Corporation | Methods for accessing a fiber within a fiber optic cable to splice thereto and tools for use with the same |
US8467645B2 (en) * | 2009-08-20 | 2013-06-18 | Nexans | Fiber optic arrangement using flat wide water swellable binder for subunit access |
CN101858945B (en) * | 2010-04-29 | 2013-03-27 | 中国电力科学研究院 | Laboratory icing simulating test method of optical power ground wires (OPGWs) |
JP2015515250A (en) * | 2012-03-30 | 2015-05-21 | エルファー エルエルシー | A mobile device that is configured to travel and assist on a transmission line |
US9048639B2 (en) | 2012-03-30 | 2015-06-02 | Elwha Llc | Devices configured to cooperatively measure properties of a power transmission system |
US11169351B2 (en) * | 2019-01-17 | 2021-11-09 | Facebook, Inc. | Systems and methods for installing fiber optic cable about a powerline conductor |
Family Cites Families (10)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US4424954A (en) * | 1982-03-18 | 1984-01-10 | Communications Systems, Inc. | Fiber optic cable tension loader |
JP3001117B2 (en) * | 1990-05-28 | 2000-01-24 | 日本電信電話株式会社 | Optical cable and its manufacturing method |
US5165003A (en) * | 1991-06-28 | 1992-11-17 | Sumitomo Electric Fiber Optics Corp. | Optical fiber cable including interlocking stitch binder |
IN187896B (en) * | 1995-06-02 | 2002-07-20 | Siemens Ag | |
AT410046B8 (en) * | 1996-04-15 | 2003-06-25 | Siemens Ag | DEVICE AND METHOD FOR ATTACHING AN OPTICAL CABLE TO A ROPE OF AN ELECTRICAL OVERHEAD |
DE19713308C2 (en) * | 1997-03-29 | 1999-10-28 | Alcatel Sa | Method for installing a telecommunication cable on a support cable and arrangement of a telecommunication cable on a support cable |
EP0981192A4 (en) * | 1998-03-14 | 2001-01-10 | Furukawa Electric Co Ltd | Heat dissipating device for transmission line, transmission line with heat dissipating device, and method for fitting heat dissipating device to transmission line |
DE19842401A1 (en) * | 1998-09-16 | 2000-05-04 | Bergner Richard Gmbh Co | Distance holder e.g. for optical data transmission cable has spring clip with 2 arms with shaped parts for accommodating overhead cable and All Dielectric Lashed cable |
EP1017143A1 (en) * | 1998-12-29 | 2000-07-05 | Siemens Aktiengesellschaft | Fixing or lashing tape |
DE10140310A1 (en) * | 2001-08-16 | 2003-02-27 | Ccs Technology Inc | tab belt |
-
2004
- 2004-04-26 US US10/555,908 patent/US7352936B2/en active Active
- 2004-04-26 WO PCT/IB2004/001492 patent/WO2004099840A1/en active Application Filing
- 2004-04-26 PL PL04729476T patent/PL1620761T3/en unknown
- 2004-04-26 BR BRPI0410012-3A patent/BRPI0410012A/en not_active IP Right Cessation
- 2004-04-26 ES ES04729476.4T patent/ES2616519T3/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 2004-04-26 EP EP04729476.4A patent/EP1620761B8/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
Also Published As
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PL1620761T3 (en) | 2017-08-31 |
BRPI0410012A (en) | 2006-04-25 |
US20070009215A1 (en) | 2007-01-11 |
US7352936B2 (en) | 2008-04-01 |
ES2616519T3 (en) | 2017-06-13 |
WO2004099840A1 (en) | 2004-11-18 |
EP1620761A1 (en) | 2006-02-01 |
EP1620761B8 (en) | 2017-01-11 |
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