Optical Fiber composite overhead Ground Wire (OPGW) laboratory icing simulating test method
Technical field
The invention belongs to the communication of power system technical field, be specifically related to the laboratory icing simulating test method of a kind of electric power special optical cable Optical Fiber composite overhead Ground Wire (OPGW).
Background technology
At the beginning of in January, 2008 to 2 month, the disastrous ice and snow weather on a large scale that continues has appearred in south China most area in succession, this time sleet and snow ice synoptic process coverage is wide, intensity large, longer duration, involve a wide range of knowledge, the extent of injury is large, a lot of areas surpass 50 years one chances, some areas surpass 100 years one chances, belong to historical rare, brought for these regional traffic, electric power, communication and people's lives and have a strong impact on.This time freezing disaster has especially caused great harm to the electrical network of Southwestern China, Central China, East China, and wherein Hunan, Zhejiang, Jiangxi Province Power Network are impaired particularly serious.Because powerline ice-covering is serious, causes many iron tower of power transmission line, wire, insulator, optical cable, gold utensil etc. to suffer in various degree damage, and as the optical cable of the main transmission medium of China's communication of power system, also suffered heavy losses.The impaired of optical cable directly affected communication of power system, and then affects the safe operation of electric system.
Although at present most of impaired circuit is repaired, for transformation circuit and newly-built circuit from now on, still exist many problems to require study and solve.The variation of performance before and after Optical Fiber composite overhead Ground Wire (OPGW) icing (especially re-covering ice), potential hidden danger and very large to the lightguide cable link influence on system operation, study in great detail and have no report at home and abroad, especially the application of Optical Fiber composite overhead Ground Wire (OPGW) in electric system is more and more extensive, the properties of product of common regional OPGW detect and have comprised such as physical dimension, transmission performance, mechanical property, environmental performance, all many-sides such as electric property, can grasp the fundamental characteristics of sample fully by these tests, can guarantee the product quality of OPGW, and the conventional quality test project of stipulating in the industry standard can not satisfy the requirement in the serious disaster situation (such as icing etc.).Do not find both at home and abroad at present yet and can not set up corresponding experimental enviroment and method yet and carry out testing research for technical indicator and the requirement of optical cable under the ice coating state of practical operation, during in the face of nature icing disaster, be difficult to propose effective and feasible comprehensive solution.Therefore, correlative study content and measuring technology need further perfect, in order to instruct practical implementation.
Summary of the invention
The objective of the invention is in order to solve the problem that the regional optical cable project application of ice exists that re-covers, proposed a kind of Optical Fiber composite overhead Ground Wire (OPGW) laboratory icing simulating test method, the method can be in the performance change of laboratory simulation test run circuit under various ice covering thickness states.The method is utilized laboratory icing simulation experiment system, electric, communication, mechanical property to OPGW under the icing condition are tested comparative study, mainly an experimental study such as anti-thunderbolt, short-circuit current, decay, tensile property, ess-strain is carried out in the OPGW of different structure, different model (different technologies parameter), different materials etc., determined that by the analytical test data OPGW resists the comprehensive solution of icing disaster again.
A kind of Optical Fiber composite overhead Ground Wire of the present invention (OPGW) laboratory icing simulating test method may further comprise the steps: the first step: according to the thickness of optical cable model and simulation ice-coating, calculate the weight of icing:
W=π(R
2-r
2)dl
Wherein:
The proportion of the radius d----ice of the OPGW radius r behind the R---icing---optical cable: 0.9 g/cc
The weight π of l---cable length W---ice----3.14
Second step: the initial tension of optical cable with 16%RTS is fixed on the puller system, and cable length is greater than 100 meters, and the efficiency test length of optical cable sample is not less than 25 meters;
The 3rd step: at least 6 optical fiber serial connections with in the optical cable, make fiber lengths greater than 500 meters, then be connected on the optical time domain reflectometer, monitoring is with the variation of the increase optical fiber attenuation of ice covering thickness;
The 4th step: according to the efficiency test length of described optical cable in the middle of the gold utensil stiff end of puller system two ends, need to cover weight and the value of thrust that simulation is iced under laboratory condition corresponding to the actual span of conversion circuit and ice covering thickness.Computation process is as follows:
Utilize catenary equation:
In the formula, a is the ratio of optical cable Horizontal Tension H and unit deadweight for introducing parameter, and ch (x) is hyperbolic cosine function;
Under the optical cable nature suspension status, make t=1/a, catenary equation must be about the relational expression of t:
In the formula, l is the horizontal range of adjacent two shaft towers, and unit is m; y
ABe the vertical range of optical cable left side hanging point A from minimum point, unit is m; y
BBe the vertical range of optical cable the right hanging point B from minimum point, unit is m, with Newton method solution above-mentioned relation formula, draw parametric t, release parameter a, drawn again the former long Lo of optical cable by the relational expression of parameter a and cable length and elongation, the starting condition that this former long Lo calculates as icing;
Behind the icing, the tension force of cable, elongation and suspension cable overall length all can change, and again reach another balance, suc as formula Lo=L
2-e
2, Lo is dangle the down former length of the suspension optical cable that obtains of nature, is known conditions, L
2And e
2All the expression formula with containing parameter a ' represents, the parameter a that changed for icing is caused of a ' wherein draws relational expression:
In the formula, γ
3Be the ice load of optical cable, unit is N/mmm
2: γ
3=γ
1+ γ
2
Wherein,
M is the optical cable deadweight in the formula, and unit is kg/km.S-optical cable sectional area, unit are mm
2 In the formula, b is ice thickness, and unit is mm; D is cable outer diameter, and unit is mm,
G-gravity constant, value are 9.8N/kg; S-optical cable sectional area, unit are mm
2
Following formula is solved parameter a ' with Newton method, a ' substitution relational expression:
l
A---optical cable left side hanging point A is from the horizontal range of minimum point, and unit is m;
l
B---optical cable the right hanging point B is from the horizontal range of minimum point, and unit is m;
Thereby obtain the parameters such as the suffered maximum tension value of optical cable;
The 5th step: repeatedly evenly overlay on the simulation ice weight fraction of covering that calculates on the optical cable, every minor tick 1 to 2 hour, cover when weighing and consider that mainly the optical cable sag is not too big, in order to avoid run on the ground, then add pulling force to calculated value, finally make its emulation mode that reaches actual span length and actual ice covering thickness, optical fiber attenuation the performance test results before and after the record icing;
The 6th step: utilize optical cable behind this icing can continue to do properties test behind the cable ice coatings such as tensile property, ess-strain, thunderbolt and short-circuit current of stipulating in Optical Fiber composite overhead Ground Wire (OPGW) industry standard.
Wherein, in described the 5th step simulation ice weight fraction of covering that calculates is evenly overlayed on the optical cable for 3-10 time.
Wherein, covering the simulation ice time in described the 5th step is more than 48 hours.
The principal feature of technical solution of the present invention is utilized the existing puller system in laboratory exactly, to cover and heavily be converted to value of thrust, make the optical cable sample namely be subject to covering longitudinally heavily, be subject to again horizontal pulling force, need to not set up longly apart from shaft tower outdoor, only need the correct laboratories corresponding to condition such as the actual track span that needs simulation, ice covering thickness of calculating to cover heavy and value of thrust gets final product.
The invention has the beneficial effects as follows: method of the present invention is scheme the simplest and the most direct under laboratory condition, do not need actual spray water mist and low temperature environment to form real icing, can reduce test space, equipment is simple, the time is easy to control, large span actual track situation be can simulate by converting, experimentation cost and test difficulty greatly reduced.And this scheme proves very effective through Experimental Comparison.
Description of drawings
The present invention is further described below in conjunction with accompanying drawing.
Fig. 1 is the OPGW structural representation of example among the present invention;
Fig. 2 is that 400 meters span 40mm ice covering thickness 96h optical fiber attenuations of optical cable simulation change broken line graph and 400 meters span 40mm ice covering thickness 96h optical fiber attenuation temporal evolution broken line graphs of optical cable simulation;
Fig. 3 is the strain curve schematic diagram of 60%RTS stress-strain tester result behind the cable ice coating;
Fig. 4 is the process flow diagram according to method of the present invention.
Embodiment
At first utilize the icing laboratory to spray freezing mode, OPGW is carried out ice-coating test, simulation weighs up the ice tuple certificate in the nature icing different-thickness situation, and compares with theory calculating.
Icing calculated value and actual value verification:
(1) OPGW of icing is not weighed
Be that the optical cable sample of 120cm is weighed to length, weight is 795g.
(2) the OPGW weight of icing is weighed
Be the optical cable of 120cm to length, icing length is that 90cm weighs, and weight is 1580g.
(3) diameter of OPGW and the external diameter behind the icing are measured
Be 15.2mm by kind of calliper OPGW diameter, the external diameter behind the icing is 37mm.
(4) the ice weight of OPGW icing
It is that the cable ice coating length of 120cm is that the general assembly (TW) of 90cm deducts not that icing length is the OPGW weight of 120cm that the ice weight of OPGW icing equals length:
1580g-795g=785g
(5) calculate the weight of icing
W=π(R
2-r
2)dl
Sample radius r behind the R---icing---the radius of OPGW
The proportion 0.9g/cm of d----ice
3L---icing length
W=(1.85
2-0.76
2)*3.14*90*0.9=724g
(6) proportion is 0.9g/cm
3Actual icing value is poor with calculating icing value:
785-724=61g
Because actual track OPGW icing is for mixing the river in Jiangsu Province which flows into the Huangpu River of Shanghai, mixing river in Jiangsu Province which flows into the Huangpu River of Shanghai proportion is 0.6g/cm
3---0.9g/cm
3, the corresponding proportion of the heavy 785g of actual ice is 0.83g/cm
3, be more or less the same with calculated value, simultaneously, the ice coating state of optical cable should be examined or check in the laboratory in the strictest situation, therefore icing weight selects to calculate the icing value in the ice-coating test.
The implementation step is as follows:
The first step: according to the thickness of optical cable model and simulation ice-coating, calculate the weight of icing:
W=π(R
2-r
2)dl
0.9 g/cc of the proportion of the radius d----ice of the OPGW radius r behind the R---icing---optical cable
The weight π of l---cable length W---ice----3.14
Second step: the initial tension of optical cable with 16%RTS is fixed on the puller system, 100 meters of cable lengths, sample efficiency test length is not less than 25 meters.
The 3rd step: at least 6 optical fiber serial connections with in the optical cable make fiber lengths greater than 500 meters.Then be connected on the optical time domain reflectometer, monitoring is with the variation of the increase optical fiber attenuation of ice covering thickness.
The 4th step: according to efficiency test length in the middle of the gold utensil stiff end of puller system two ends, need cover weight and the value of thrust of simulation ice under laboratory condition corresponding to the actual span of conversion circuit and ice covering thickness, wherein the actual computation process is with reference to Chinese patent application 200910092540.6.
The 5th step: simulation ice weight fraction is covered in calculating evenly overlayed on the optical cable for 3 to 4 times, every minor tick 1 to 2 hour, cover when weighing and consider that mainly the optical cable sag is not too big, in order to avoid run on the ground, then add pulling force to calculated value, finally make its emulation mode that reaches actual span length and actual ice covering thickness, cover the 96 hours ice time of simulation.Optical fiber attenuation the performance test results before and after the record icing.The 6th step: properties test behind the cable ice coatings such as the tensile property of utilizing optical cable behind this icing can continue to do to stipulate in the OPGW industry standard, ess-strain, thunderbolt, short-circuit current.
The below is with OPGW-24B1-89[74.2; 50.3] be example, provide the test of adopting the present invention to carry out in the 40mm ice covering thickness situation.The OPGW structure as shown in Figure 1, optic cable diameter 12.6mm, the center is the aluminum-clad steel wire of a 2.6mm diameter, ground floor is the stainless steel tube optical unit that the aluminum-clad steel wire of 5 2.5mm diameters adds a 2.5mm diameter, the second layer is the aluminum-clad steel wire of 12 2.5mm diameters, and its concrete technical parameter sees Table 1.
Table 1OPGW technical parameter table
Then 6 optical fiber serial connections with in 100 meters long optical cables are connected on the optical time domain reflectometer, and monitoring optical fiber is with the variation of the increase decay of ice covering thickness.(span is 25 meters) is covered with certain simulation ice on puller system first, applies simultaneously pulling force, and making it reach span is 400 meters, and ice covering thickness is the emulation mode of 40mm, 96 hours icing time.
Concrete ice covering thickness counter stress value sees Table 2, in the actual 400 meters span 40mm ice covering thickness situations of test simulation, the 25 meters equivalent ice covering thickness of effective optical cable test length in corresponding laboratory are 175mm, and the counter stress value is 66.72kN (90%RTS), corresponding icing weight 92.83kN.
The optical fiber attenuation the performance test results sees Table 3 before and after the icing, has recorded respectively that wavelength is the optical fiber attenuation performance of 1310nm and 1550nm under icing time and the corresponding state.
Optical fiber attenuation changes increase behind the icing, icing removed icing after 96 hours, optical fiber attenuation does not return to original state, compare with original state and to have increased approximately 30%, as shown in Figure 2, icing was compared with original state after 96 hours, under 1310mm and 1550mm wavelength, decay and all increased, therefore, this pattern optical cable performance in 400 meters span ice covering thickness 40mm situations is affected, and causes simultaneously the transmission quality of optical fiber to descend.In the stress-strain tester behind the icing optical fiber attenuation change greatly, Fig. 3 is stress-strain tester result behind the cable ice coating, among the figure, horizontal ordinate is the suffered value of thrust of optical cable (N of unit); Upper figure ordinate is decay (dB of unit), and figure below ordinate is fibre strain (% of unit).Can find out that attenuation change greater than 0.08, exceeds standard-required.Breaking test satisfies the power industry standard requirement, and tensile property does not reduce.
The corresponding parameter value of 400 meters span 40mm icing of table 2 simulation
0PGW fade performance test result (G.652) before and after table 3 icing
Invention has been described according to specific exemplary embodiment herein.It will be apparent carrying out to one skilled in the art suitable replacement or revise under not departing from the scope of the present invention.Exemplary embodiment only is illustrative, rather than to the restriction of scope of the present invention, scope of the present invention is by appended claim definition.