EP1611320A2

EP1611320A2 - Cooling module with by-pass, in particular for a motor vehicle

Info

Publication number: EP1611320A2
Application number: EP04742474A
Authority: EP
Inventors: Patrick Perrin; Pascal Le Goff
Original assignee: Valeo Thermique Moteur SA
Current assignee: Valeo Systemes Thermiques SAS
Priority date: 2003-04-09
Filing date: 2004-04-09
Publication date: 2006-01-04
Anticipated expiration: 2024-04-09
Also published as: ATE491869T1; ES2357952T3; EP1611320B1; WO2004092552A2; FR2853725A1; FR2853725B1; WO2004092552A3; DE602004030547D1

Abstract

The module has an oil cooler with a body to delimit a fluid flow channel. The module houses a control valve movable between side duct and normal positions. Fluid to be cooled passes through a side duct channel without flowing into the flow channel when the fluid temperature is in an interval and vice versa in another interval when the valve is in side duct and normal positions, respectively. The side duct channel establishes a direct connection between an inlet and an outlet of the fluid to be cooled.

Description

Bypass cooling module, especially for a motor vehicle

The invention relates to heat exchangers, in particular for motor vehicles.

It relates more particularly to a cooling module comprising at least one heat exchanger having a body delimiting first flow channels for a fluid to be cooled, which alternate with second flow channels for a cooling fluid, an inlet and - an outlet for the coolant which communicates with the first channels, as well as an inlet and an outlet for the coolant which communicate with the second channels.

Such a cooling module finds a particular application in motor vehicles for cooling the lubricating oil of the engine and / or the oil of the gearbox.

In such a cooling module, the first channels and the second channels of the heat exchanger are most often delimited by a series of stacked plates whose respective edges are brazed to isolate the channels from each other.

The first channels are used for the flow of the fluid to be cooled, for example oil, while the second channels, which alternate with the first channels, are used for the flow of a coolant which can be, for example , the vehicle engine coolant or an air flow. It is known that the conditions for cooling the oil depend in particular on its temperature and therefore on its viscosity.

Thus, when the engine starts, and as long as the oil temperature is below a certain threshold, it is not necessary to cool it. On the other hand, when the oil temperature reaches or exceeds a given threshold, it is necessary to cool it so that it is at its optimal operating temperature.

It is known for this to provide, apart from the oil cooler, a bypass circuit controlled by a valve, which allows, under certain temperature conditions, to pass the oil through the bypass circuit without passing through the cooler oil and vice versa, under other temperature conditions, to pass the oil through the oil cooler, without passing through the bypass circuit.

The laws that define the passage of oil, either in the oil cooler or in the bypass circuit, can be more complex and require special adaptations.

These known solutions have the disadvantage of requiring the presence of a bypass circuit and of a valve, outside the oil cooler, which increases the number of components present in the engine compartment, generates additional space, and possibly an additional source of leaks.

In addition, the valve being constituted by a separate component, it cannot be integrated into the cooling module.

The object of the invention is in particular to overcome the aforementioned drawbacks. It aims in particular to provide a cooling module with bypass which offers the advantage, compared to the prior art, of being simpler, less bulky and of a nature to minimize the risk of incidents, in particular of leaks.

The invention also aims to provide such a cooling module which is capable of integrating a certain number of components and functions, which makes it possible to reduce the number of components external to the cooling module itself.

It also aims to provide such a cooling module whose heat exchanger can be used in particular as an oil cooler.

To this end, the invention provides a cooling module of the type defined in the introduction, which further comprises a bypass channel establishing a direct connection between the inlet and the outlet of the fluid to be cooled, and which at least partly houses a valve. control unit movable between a bypass position in which the fluid to be cooled passes through the bypass channel without flowing in the first channels when the temperature of the fluid to be cooled is within a given temperature range, and a normal position in which the fluid to be cooled flows in the first channels without passing through the bypass duct when the temperature of the fluid to be cooled is in another temperature range.

Thus, the cooling module of the invention incorporates a bypass channel and a control valve which makes it possible to selectively control the passage of the fluid to be cooled, either in the bypass channel or in the first channels, according to laws data.

Generally, the control valve will pass the fluid to be cooled through the bypass channel when its temperature will be below a given threshold and, on the contrary, will pass the fluid to be cooled through the first channels when its temperature will be above this given temperature threshold. However, other laws are possible, as will be seen below.

The fact of _staying, the control in the cooling module valve simplifies the module structure by reducing the number of components. It is thus possible that at least part of the valve is produced directly in one of the components of the module, for example in a housing which the module comprises.

The control valve is advantageously a thermostatic valve. In this case, it comprises a thermosensitive member and a shutter movable under the action of one thermosensitive member.

In a preferred embodiment of the invention, the thermostatic valve comprises a fixed tube housed in the inlet of the fluid to be cooled and having at least a first lateral opening communicating with the bypass channel and at least a second lateral opening communicating with the first channels, while the obturator is produced in the form of a movable tube mounted to slide in the fixed tube and arranged to control the lateral openings of the fixed tube, the heat-sensitive element being interposed between the fixed tube and the sliding tube .

Thus, the fixed tube, which is housed axially in the inlet of the fluid to be cooled, constitutes a distribution box which, by suitable openings, is able to communicate on the one hand with the bypass channel and on the other hand with channels for the flow of ^fluid to be cooled. The flow of the fluid to be cooled in the bypass channel or in the circulation channels of the fluid to be cooled, takes place selectively by sliding the movable tube whose wall has appropriate apertures or openings.

According to another characteristic of the invention, the movable tube has perforated parts arranged to open the first lateral opening and simultaneously close the second lateral opening when the shutter is in the bypass position and, conversely, close the first lateral opening and simultaneously open the second lateral opening when the shutter is in the normal position.

The fixed tube advantageously comprises an open end opening onto an end face of the body of the heat exchanger, and through which the fluid to be cooled penetrates, and a closed end situated on an opposite end face of the body of the body. heat exchanger, the bypass channel extending from the side of this opposite end face.

It is also conceivable to produce the bypass channel on the side of the end face of the body where the open end of the fixed tube is located.

Advantageously, the thermostatic valve is interposed between a closed end of the fixed tube and a perforated washer mounted inside the movable tube.

It is further advantageous that the closed end of the fixed tube is produced in the form of a plug screwed into a thread of the fixed tube. The presence of this plug facilitates access to the thermostatic valve, both for its assembly and for its maintenance.

In the invention, the heat-sensitive element preferably comprises a casing containing an expandable material, in particular of the wax type, which acts on a movable rod. Preferably, the housing of the heat-sensitive element is secured to the perforated washer, while the movable rod is secured to the closed end of the fixed tube.

The thermostatic valve advantageously comprises a spring arranged to return the shutter to the bypass position.

The body of the cooler advantageously comprises a multiplicity of common plates arranged in a stack and between which the first channels and the second channels are delimited. This produces a plate heat exchanger.

In an advantageous embodiment, the stack of current plates is framed at one end by a base in which open the inlet and the outlet of the fluid to be cooled and, at an opposite end, by a cover contributing to delimit the bypass channel and into which open the inlet and outlet of the coolant.

The heat exchanger of the cooling module is advantageously an oil cooler.

The control valve is preferably housed at least partially in the body of the heat exchanger.

In one embodiment of the invention, the bypass channel is formed in the body of the heat exchanger.

The cooling module of the invention can simply comprise a heat exchanger, in particular an oil cooler.

However, it may also include an oil filter and / or a housing. This case is advantageously metallic, for example aluminum. In this case, it is advantageous that the control valve is also housed at least partially in the housing. It is also advantageous that the bypass channel is made in the housing.

In the latter case, the module may include fixed elements which are at least obtained directly from the housing.

The control valve of one invention can be controlled according to different laws, examples of which are non-limiting are given below.

In a first example, a defined law allows the fluid to be cooled to pass:

only in the bypass channel for low temperatures,

- both in the first channels and in the bypass channel for intermediate temperatures, and only in the first channels for high temperatures.

A second example of a defined law allows the fluid to be cooled to pass:

only in the first channels for low temperatures,

A third example of a defined law allows the fluid to be cooled to pass:

- both in the first channels and in the bypass channel for low temperatures, only in the bypass channel for intermediate temperatures, and only in the first channels for high temperatures.

In the detailed description which follows, given solely by way of example, reference is made to the appended drawings, in which:

- Figure 1 is a schematic sectional view of a cooling module according to one invention, comprising an oil cooler, the control valve is in the bypass position;

- Figure 2 is a view similar to Figure 1 in which the control valve is in the normal position, or cooling position;

- Figure 3 is a perspective view, broken away, of a cooling module comprising an oil cooler in a preferred embodiment of the invention;

Figure 4 is a cross-sectional view of the oil cooler of Figure 3, the cutting plane passing through the axis of the oil inlet pipe and through the axis of the oil outlet pipe;

- Figure 5 is a detail of Figure 3, shown on an enlarged scale, with an additional burst;

- Figure 6 is a detail, on an enlarged scale, of Figure 4;

- Figure 7 is a schematic sectional view of a cooling module according to another embodiment of the invention, comprising an oil cooler, the control valve being shown in the bypass position; and - Figure 8 is a view similar to Figure 7 in which the control valve is in the normal position, or cooling position.

Reference is first made to FIG. 1 which shows schematically a cooling module according to the invention which, in the example, comprises a heat exchanger 10 produced in the form of an oil cooler. This cooler 10 comprises a body 12, not shown in detail, delimiting first channels 14 for the flow of an oil to be cooled and second flow channels 16 for a coolant, the first channels and the second channels being arranged alternately. Such a cooler can be used in particular for cooling the engine oil and / or the gearbox of a motor vehicle.

The first channels and the second channels are delimited by a stack of common plates 13 (shown diagrammatically). The body 12 has an end face (here in the lower part) which rests on a base 20 used for fixing the cooler, for example on the engine block of the vehicle. The body 12 has another opposite end face 22 which receives a cover 24 which contributes to delimiting, with the end face 22, a bypass channel 26 for the circulation of the oil.

The oil cooler further includes an oil inlet conduit 28 which communicates with the first channels

14 to supply them with oil and an oil outlet conduit 30 which also communicates with the first channels 14 for discharging the oil outside. The conduits 28 and 30 are produced in the form of cylindrical conduits with parallel axes which pass perpendicularly through all of the first channels 14. For their part, the second channels 16 communicate with an inlet pipe 32 connected to an inlet pipe 34 and an outlet pipe 36 connected to an outlet pipe 38, the pipes 32 and 36 serving respectively for the inlet and at the outlet of a cooling fluid.

The oil enters the duct 28 through an opening 40 in the base 20 and leaves the cooler through an opening 42 in the base 20.

In FIG. 1, the conduits 32 and 36 have simply been shown in dashed lines because they are located outside of the section plane. These two conduits allow the coolant to enter and exit so that it exchanges heat with the oil to be cooled.

The bypass channel 26 makes it possible to establish direct communication between the oil inlet pipe 28 and the oil outlet pipe 30 by virtue of a thermostatic valve 44 which is housed directly in the body 12 of the cooler and more particularly in the oil inlet duct 28. The thermostatic valve 44 comprises a fixed tube 46, also called an outer tube or distribution tube, which extends axially inside the conduit 28. The fixed tube 46 comprises a open end 48 opening onto the end face 18 and more particularly into the opening 40 of the base 20. It also has an opposite end 50, called the closed end, which is closed by an end plug 52. L the closed end 50 is situated on the side of the end face 22 and it projects outside the cover 24.

The valve 44 further comprises a shutter 54 produced in the form of a mobile tube which is slidably mounted in the fixed tube 46. The movement of the mobile tube 54 relative to the fixed tube 46 is controlled by a heat-sensitive element 56 interposed between the fixed tube 46 and movable tube 54. The fixed tube 46 comprises at least a first lateral opening 58 communicating with the bypass channel 26 and at least a second lateral opening 60 communicating with the first channels 14. In addition, the movable tube 54 has perforated parts constituted by at least one first aperture 62 suitable for coming into correspondence with the first opening 58 in the position in FIG. 1 and at least one second aperture 64 suitable for coming in correspondence with the second opening 60 in the position in FIG. 2.

In the position of FIG. 1, called the "bypass position", the aperture 62 is aligned with the opening 58, while the day 64 is offset with respect to the opening 60. As a result, the Oil which enters the body 12 of the oil cooler can pass only through the bypass channel 26 to directly gain the oil outlet conduit 30 as shown by the arrows.

In contrast, in the position of Figure 2, the aperture 62 is offset from the opening 58, while the aperture 64 is aligned with the opening 60. As a result, the oil which enters the body of the cooler can only pass through the channels 14 to then reach the oil outlet conduit, without passing through the bypass channel. It is a normal position, also called the cooling position.

Thus, the control of the passage of the oil either in the cooling channel 26 or in the first channels 14 is carried out selectively through the thermosensitive element 56 of the valve.

Referring now to Figures 3 to 6 to describe more fully an oil cooler according to a preferred embodiment of the invention.

As can be seen in all of FIGS. 3 to 6, the channels 14 and the channels 16 are delimited by a set of stacked plates 66 which have a raised peripheral edge 68, the various edges of the plates being brazed mutually to ensure sealing.

The cover 24 includes a peripheral rim 70, of similar conformation, which fits on the peripheral rim 68 of the plate 66 located at the top of the stack. The cover 24 has a rib 72 which contributes to delimiting the bypass channel 26. In addition, the cover 24 has two end pieces 74 and 76 which respectively receive the inlet pipe 34 and the outlet pipe 38 for the cooling fluid.

As can be seen in Figures 3 to 6, the fixed tube 46 has a pair of openings 58, each of substantially semi-circular shape, and four pairs of openings 60, also each of semi-circular shape. Correspondingly, the movable tube 54 comprises a pair of openings 62, each of semi-circular shape, and four pairs of openings 64, each of semi-circular shape. Of course, it is possible to provide a different number of openings and openings, and also to give them different shapes, which are not necessarily substantially semi-circular.

The thermosensitive element 56 comprises a housing 78 containing a material which can be expanded under the action of heat, for example of the beeswax type. This thermosensitive element is subjected directly to the temperature of the oil which enters the body of the cooler. The higher the temperature of the oil, the more the thermosensitive element and the more the material it contains expand. The expansion of the material causes the displacement of a rod 80, one end of which is embedded in a blind hole 82 arranged in the plug 52, the latter being produced in the form of a hexagon nut which is screwed to the end of the fixed tube 46. This hexagon nut has a thread 84 which cooperates with a thread 86 of a ring 88 which passes through the cover 24 and which is an integral part of the fixed tube 46. A sealing washer 90 is placed between the plug and the ring. The housing 78 which encloses the expandable material is integral with the movable tube 54 by means of a perforated washer 92. In addition, a return spring 94, here a ^' helical spring, is housed axially inside the movable tube 54. One end of the spring bears against the perforated washer 92, while another end bears on a shoulder 96 arranged in the base 20 (FIG. 6). This spring tends to urge the thermostatic valve towards the bypass position, while the expansion of the material of the thermosensitive element tends, on the contrary, to move the thermostatic valve to its normal cooling position.

In the most common operating mode, the shutter of the thermostatic valve moves gradually, depending on the temperature, from the shutter position to the normal position. Consequently, as long as the oil is within a given temperature range, i.e. generally below a certain threshold, the oil passes through the bypass channel without passing through the oil channels , so without being cooled. As the oil temperature rises, the material of the heat-sensitive element expands and causes the shutter to move to the normal position or cooling position, in which the oil circulates in the first channels, without going through the bypass channel.

There are also intermediate phases, in which the oil can pass both through the bypass channel and through the channels, the valve then functioning as a mixing valve. However, other regulatory laws are possible. As already indicated, the usual mode consists in passing the oil through the bypass channel when it found at low temperature and no cooling is required, and passing oil through the channels, the bypass channel being closed, for higher temperatures when cooling is required.

Another law permitted by the invention is to pass the oil through the channels (the bypass channel being closed) for both low temperatures and high temperatures. In this case, at low temperatures the cooler is used as an oil heater and as an oil cooler at high temperatures. In this case too, the oil is derived from the cooler at intermediate temperatures.

Another law permitted by the invention is to pass the oil both through the channels and into the bypass channel (the bypass channel being open) for low temperatures, only in the bypass channel for intermediate temperatures and only in channels for high temperatures. In this case, at low temperatures, the pressure drops in the exchanger due to the high viscosity of the oil are reduced to a minimum, thus making it possible to avoid the use of a relief valve as is the case. in the prior art.

In this case too, the oil is derived from the cooler for intermediate temperatures (no cooling necessary). Finally, in this case, the oil passes through the exchanger for high temperatures (oil cooling necessary).

Referring now to Figures 7 and 8 which show a cooling module 100 which incorporates a heat exchanger 10 (here an oil cooler) and a housing 102 and an oil filter 104. The 'heat exchanger ^' 10 is similar to those shown above. It includes a set of. plates delimiting first flow channels for an oil to be cooled and second flow channels for a coolant. These second channels communicate with an inlet 32 and an outlet 36 for the cooling fluid. The inlet 32 and the outlet 36 are placed at one end of the body 12 of the heat exchanger. At the other end of the body 12 are placed both the housing 102 and the oil filter 104.

The housing 102 is a metal housing, for example made of aluminum. The control valve 44 is housed at least partially in the housing 102. It comprises a thermostatic member 56 interposed between a plug 52 and a shutter 54 produced in the form of a tube mounted to slide inside a fixed tube 46, as in the previous embodiments.

This fixed tube 56 incorporates a part of the base 50 of the heat exchanger 10, this base comprising a lateral opening 60 communicating with the flow channels of the oil to be cooled.

On the opposite side, the fixed tube 46 comprises a lateral opening 58 communicating with a bypass channel 26, also formed in the housing 102.

Thus, all or part of the fixed elements of the cooling module, namely the base 20 of the heat exchanger, the bypass channel 26, the fixed tube 46 and the plug 52 of the thermostatic valve are obtained directly from the housing, which simplifies manufacturing.

The housing 102 defines an inlet 28 for the oil to be cooled and an outlet 30 for the cooled oil. The oil filter 104 is suitable for passing through the cooled oil. It is disposed next to the housing 102 and it has an inlet 106 communicating with the channels of the heat exchanger in which the oil circulates and an outlet 108 which communicates with the bypass channel 26. In the position of FIG. 7, called "bypass position", the lateral opening 58 is open, while the lateral opening 60 is closed. It follows that the oil enters the body 102 through the inlet 28, passes through the opening 58 to reach the channel 26 and leaves the module through the outlet 30 without being cooled.

In the position of Figure 8, called "normal position", the side opening 60 is open, while the side opening 58 is closed. As a result, the oil to be cooled penetrates into the body 102 through the inlet 28, then passes into the heat exchanger 10 through the opening 60 where it is cooled by heat exchanger with the cooling fluid. Then, the cooled oil leaves the heat exchanger 10 to enter the oil filter 104 where it is filtered. The filtered oil then leaves the oil filter via outlet 108 to reach the bypass channel 26 then outlet 30.

As a result, the oil is first cooled and then filtered before leaving the cooling module.

The invention is not limited to the embodiments described above by way of example and extends to other variants.

Thus, the bypass channel could also be made on the opposite side of the heat exchanger, that is to say on the side of the base.

The openings in the fixed tube and the openings in the movable tube may be horizontal slots, that is to say perpendicular to the sliding axis, as described above. It can also be inclined slots, which improves the flow of oil to the ^channels' oil circulation, or slots having shapes more complex to ensure a gradual opening of passages oil. It is also possible to modify the thermostatic valve by using, for example, an electric heating element acting on the thermosensitive element. This can be used, for example, to force the oil into the exchanger when the coolant is hot enough.

Furthermore, the invention is not limited to an exchanger of the plate type and can be applied to other types of exchangers defining circulation channels which may have different shapes, including U-shaped channels. .

Furthermore, the control valve 44 can be controlled according to different defined laws.

In a first example, this law allows the fluid to cool to pass;

- only in bypass channel 26 for low temperatures,

- both in the first channels 14 and in the bypass channel 26 for intermediate temperatures, and

- only in the first channels 14 for high temperatures.

In a second example, the law allows the fluid to cool to pass:

- only in the first channels 14 for low temperatures,

- only in the first channels 14 for high temperatures.

In a third example, the law allows the fluid to cool to pass: - both in the first channels 14 and in the bypass channel 26 for low temperatures,

- only in the bypass channel 26 for intermediate temperatures, and

- only in the first channels 14 for high temperatures.

In addition, although the invention has been described with reference to oil cooling, it can be applied to the cooling of other fluids in a motor vehicle.

Claims

claims

1. Cooling module, in particular for a motor vehicle, comprising at least one heat exchanger (10) having a body (12) delimiting first flow channels (14) for a fluid to be cooled, which alternate with second channels d flow (16) for a coolant, an inlet (28) and an outlet (30) for the coolant which communicate with the first channels (14), as well as an inlet (32) and an outlet (36 ) for the cooling fluid which communicate with the second channels (16),

characterized in that it further comprises a bypass channel (26) establishing a direct connection between the inlet (28) and the outlet (30) of the fluid to be cooled, and in that it accommodates at least partially a control valve (44) movable between a bypass position in which the fluid to be cooled passes through the bypass channel (26) without flowing in the first channels (14) when the temperature of the fluid to be cooled is within a range of given temperature, and a normal position in which the fluid to be cooled flows in the first channels (14) without passing through the bypass channel (26) when the temperature of the fluid to be cooled is in another temperature range.

2. Cooling module according to claim 1, characterized in that the control valve is a thermostatic valve (44).

3. Cooling module according to claim 2, characterized in that the thermostatic valve (44) comprises a thermosensitive member (56) and a shutter (54) movable under the action of the thermosensitive member.

4. Cooling module according to claim 3, characterized in that the thermostatic valve (44) comprises a fixed tube (46) housed in the inlet (28) of the fluid to be cooled and having at least a first lateral opening (58) communicating with the bypass channel (26) and at least one second lateral opening (60) communicating with the first channels (14), in that the shutter (54) is produced in the form of a movable tube, mounted to slide in the fixed tube (46) and arranged to control the lateral openings (58, 60) of the fixed tube, and in that the heat-sensitive element (56) is interposed between the fixed tube (46) and the movable tube (54) .

5. Cooling module according to claim 4, characterized in that the movable tube (54) has perforated parts (62, 64) arranged to open the first lateral opening (58) and simultaneously close the second lateral opening (60) when the shutter eur is in the bypass position and, conversely, close the first lateral opening (58) and simultaneously open the second lateral opening (60) when the shutter is in the normal position.

6. Cooling module according to one of claims 4 and 5, characterized in that the fixed tube (46) comprises an open end (48) opening onto an end face (18) of the body (12) of the heat exchanger (10), through which the fluid to be cooled penetrates, and a closed end (50) located on an opposite end face (22) of the body (12) of the heat exchanger (10), and in that the bypass channel (26) extends from the side of this opposite end face (22).

7. Cooling module according to one of claims 4 to 6, characterized in that the thermostatic valve (44) is interposed between a closed end (50, 52) of the fixed tube (46) and a perforated washer (92) mounted inside the movable tube (54).

8. Cooling module according to one of claims 6 and 7, characterized in that the closed end (50) of the fixed tube is produced in the form of a plug (52) screwed into a thread (86) of the tube fixed.

9. Cooling module according to one of claims 3 to 8, characterized in that the thermosensitive element (56) comprises a housing (78) containing an expandable material and acting on a movable rod (80).

10. Cooling module according to claims 8 and 9, taken in combination, characterized in that the housing (78) of the heat-sensitive element is integral with the perforated washer (92), while the movable rod (80) is integral from the closed end of the fixed tube.

11. Cooling module according to one of claims 3 to 10, characterized in that the thermostatic valve (44) has a spring (94) arranged to return the shutter (54) to the bypass position.

12. Cooling module according to one of claims 1 to 11, characterized in that the body (12) of the heat exchanger comprises a multiplicity of common plates (13; 66) arranged in a stack and between which the first channels (14) and the second channels (16).

13. Cooling module according to claim 12, characterized in that the stack of current plates (13; 66) is framed at one end by a base (18) into which the inlet (28) and the outlet ( 30) of the fluid to be cooled and, at an opposite end, by a contributing cover (24) _. delimiting the bypass channel (26) and into which the inlet (32) and the outlet (36) of the cooling fluid open.

14. Cooling module according to one of claims 1 to 13, characterized in that the heat exchanger (10) is an oil cooler.

15. Cooling module according to one of claims 1 to 14, characterized in that the control valve (44) is housed at least partially in the body (12) of the heat exchanger (10).

16. Cooling module according to claim 15, characterized in that the bypass channel (26) is formed in the body (12) of the heat exchanger (10) -.

17. Cooling module according to one of claims 1 to 14, characterized in that it further comprises an oil filter (104) and / or a housing (102).

18. Cooling module according to claim 17, characterized in that the housing (102) is metallic, for example aluminum.

19. Cooling module according to one of claims 17 and 18, characterized in that the control valve (44) is housed at least partially in the housing (102).

20. Cooling module according to one of claims 17 to 19, characterized in that the bypass channel

(26) is produced in the housing (102).

21. Cooling module according to one of claims 17 to 20, characterized in that it comprises fixed elements (20, 26, 46, 52) which are at least partly obtained directly from the housing (102).

22. Cooling module according to one of claims 1 to 21, characterized in that the valve control (44) is controlled according to a defined law allowing the fluid to be cooled to pass:

- only in the bypass channel (26) for low temperatures, - both in the first channels (14) and in the bypass channel (26) for intermediate temperatures, and

- only in the first channels (14) for high temperatures.

23. Cooling module according to one of claims 1 to 21, characterized in that the control valve (44) is controlled according to a defined law allowing the fluid to be cooled to pass:

- only in the first channels (14) for low temperatures,

- both in the first channels (14) and in the bypass channel (26) for intermediate temperatures, and

- only in the first channels (14) for high temperatures.

24. Cooling module according to one of claims 1 to 21, characterized in that the control valve (44) is controlled according to a defined law allowing the fluid to be cooled to pass:

- both in the first channels (14) and in the bypass channel (26) for low temperatures, only in the bypass channel (26) for intermediate temperatures, and

- only in the first channels (14) for high temperatures.