EP1606855B1 - Antenna system provided with a radome, damping device and a service area - Google Patents

Antenna system provided with a radome, damping device and a service area Download PDF

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Publication number
EP1606855B1
EP1606855B1 EP04741221A EP04741221A EP1606855B1 EP 1606855 B1 EP1606855 B1 EP 1606855B1 EP 04741221 A EP04741221 A EP 04741221A EP 04741221 A EP04741221 A EP 04741221A EP 1606855 B1 EP1606855 B1 EP 1606855B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
radome
antenna
antenna system
service zone
damping device
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
EP04741221A
Other languages
German (de)
French (fr)
Other versions
EP1606855A1 (en
Inventor
Maximilian GÖTTL
Wolfgang Mummert
Walter Staniszewski
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Kathrein SE
Original Assignee
Kathrein Werke KG
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Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Kathrein Werke KG filed Critical Kathrein Werke KG
Publication of EP1606855A1 publication Critical patent/EP1606855A1/en
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP1606855B1 publication Critical patent/EP1606855B1/en
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • HELECTRICITY
    • H01ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01QANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
    • H01Q1/00Details of, or arrangements associated with, antennas
    • H01Q1/005Damping of vibrations; Means for reducing wind-induced forces
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H01ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01QANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
    • H01Q1/00Details of, or arrangements associated with, antennas
    • H01Q1/12Supports; Mounting means
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H01ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01QANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
    • H01Q1/00Details of, or arrangements associated with, antennas
    • H01Q1/12Supports; Mounting means
    • H01Q1/20Resilient mountings
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H01ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01QANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
    • H01Q1/00Details of, or arrangements associated with, antennas
    • H01Q1/12Supports; Mounting means
    • H01Q1/22Supports; Mounting means by structural association with other equipment or articles
    • H01Q1/24Supports; Mounting means by structural association with other equipment or articles with receiving set
    • H01Q1/241Supports; Mounting means by structural association with other equipment or articles with receiving set used in mobile communications, e.g. GSM
    • H01Q1/246Supports; Mounting means by structural association with other equipment or articles with receiving set used in mobile communications, e.g. GSM specially adapted for base stations
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H01ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01QANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
    • H01Q1/00Details of, or arrangements associated with, antennas
    • H01Q1/42Housings not intimately mechanically associated with radiating elements, e.g. radome
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H01ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01QANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
    • H01Q21/00Antenna arrays or systems
    • H01Q21/28Combinations of substantially independent non-interacting antenna units or systems
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H01ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01QANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
    • H01Q9/00Electrically-short antennas having dimensions not more than twice the operating wavelength and consisting of conductive active radiating elements
    • H01Q9/04Resonant antennas
    • H01Q9/30Resonant antennas with feed to end of elongated active element, e.g. unipole
    • H01Q9/32Vertical arrangement of element

Definitions

  • the invention relates to an antenna arrangement according to the preamble of claim 1.
  • Vorveröttingungen have become known for example from DE 202 05 550 U1 or DE 202 18 101 U1.
  • Both prior publications show a central antenna support, which according to DE 202 18 101 U1 can additionally be provided with radially protruding support walls, whereby three mutually circumferentially offset sectors or 120 ° angle ranges are formed. In these areas are attached to the antenna mast mounted conventional antenna devices that are already provided from home with its own radome, so with its own antenna cover.
  • the entire arrangement is surrounded by a cylindrical outer cross-section panel, which can be double-walled according to DE 202 18 101 U1 single-walled or according to DE 202 05 550 U1 also as in the aforementioned prior art.
  • a generic antenna has become known from WO 97/06576 A. It includes a support core surrounded by a radome. Between the support core and the radome emitters are arranged for receiving and / or sending. The antenna assembly is disposed and held between an upper end plate and a lower support plate.
  • a substantially similar antenna arrangement for receiving sector antennas is known for example from DE 101 19 612 A1.
  • the antenna arrangement for receiving the sector antennas which preferably consists of mobile radio antennas, has a standing mast, whose upper portion has a supporting piece formed by a tube. It is a mast-shaped, inner support tube. On the outer circumference of this support tube, the sector antennas are mounted.
  • a cladding tube attached to the mast is then provided, which is permeable to the electromagnetic radiation. It is the so-called radome.
  • the cladding tube adjoins steplessly to a standpipe, which forms the lower portion of the mast.
  • the actual mast forms a step transition from the larger diameter lower standpipe to the smaller diameter upper tubular wire piece, with passages being provided at the step transition thus formed, through which the cables leading to the sector antennas are routed.
  • a microwave antenna with a dielectric core in the form of a printed circuit board-like structure inside the radome can also be taken as known, on which antenna elements are arranged.
  • the dielectric support means is held and supported against the inside of the radome by means of damper means arranged offset in the axial direction.
  • the object of the present invention is therefore to overcome the disadvantages of the prior art and to provide an improved antenna arrangement.
  • a highly stable antenna arrangement is provided, which is designed mast-shaped, the entire antenna systems in a very narrow conceivable tubular radome is concealed.
  • This radome may preferably - as in other known systems also - be designed cylindrical in cross section, but may also have any other arbitrary horizontal cross section, for example, n-polygonal, oval, etc.
  • the antenna arrangement according to the invention on a damping device, which ensures that at a corresponding wind speed rocking of the antenna structure and especially the radome is prevented and thus destruction of the system or parts thereof.
  • the antenna system according to the invention is constructed such that it comprises antenna radiators within the radome, which radiate, for example, in at least two sectors, preferably in three or more sectors.
  • any radiator devices can be used, which can radiate in a variety of horizontal widths, for example, with a 90 ° half width, a 60-65 ° half width, etc.
  • the antenna arrangement according to the invention can also comprise broadband or narrowband antennas and radiators.
  • This structure may be such that the entire antenna arrangement radiates and receives only in one band or in several bands, for example in two bands.
  • the band structure can also be so broadband that it covers, for example, the 1800 MHz band, but for example also the 1900 MHz band (as usual in the USA) and / or the UMTS band of about 2000 MHz.
  • the radiator elements can preferably be adjusted via a remotely controllable down-tilt device with different emission angle relative to the horizontal plane.
  • a so-called service zone is provided, which is located below all radiator elements. All relevant setting and connection measures can be carried out in this service zone, without having to dismantle the entire antenna mast altogether, or even simply remove the entire radome in order to reach the components underneath.
  • the service zone is preferably constructed in such a way that, in the closed state, it acts as an extension of the radome surrounding the radiator elements.
  • the service zone may include a corresponding housing scaffold in a suitable axial height and with a corresponding diameter, which has sufficiently large sized openings, to provide access to the To create interior.
  • the opening areas can be closed and covered by individual cover caps or housing shells surrounded by the antenna mast, which preferably lies at least approximately in the circumferential plane of the radome surrounding the radiator elements, so that preferably from the outside a smooth and continuous overall surface of a mast-shaped construction results Without any idea as to whether there are any components in this construction inside and, if so, which components are accommodated.
  • the service zone is constructed so that it can be mounted on a stub head, on which the antenna cables leading to the antenna device terminate at an interface formed thereby.
  • this stump will also be referred to as a mast base, mast base or as an antenna base or antenna base.
  • the corresponding intermediate cables can be mounted, whereby an electrical connection is made from the cables terminating in the antenna base to the connection points of the cables leading to the radiators in the upper region of the service zone.
  • any necessary components such as amplifiers etc. can be accommodated at these service zones.
  • the amplifiers may, for example, be so-called TMAs, so-called TMBs, etc.
  • part of the amplifiers or other circuits that also develop heat that must be dissipated to the outside may be designed and arranged such that a portion of the amplifier housing is used simultaneously as a cover closure assembly for opening in the service zone that these devices can deliver the heat produced by them optimally to the outside (a Part of the heat-generating devices thus thus constitute a part of the outer shell of the antenna arrangement).
  • the fact that these amplifiers are now closer to the actual radiators (and no longer in a separate base station), not only decreases the number of cables that must be routed from the base station to the emitters, but it can also be for For example, reduce the antenna array necessary energy power of the amplifier by a factor of 2.
  • the current and fiber optic cables used can be reduced not only by their number, but possibly also by their necessary diameter cross-section.
  • the remotely controllable down-tilt setting devices for example correspondingly controllable motor units, which then control the phase shifters located within the radome for setting the different down-tilt angles, for example via a transmission linkage.
  • not only one, but also a second or a plurality of service zones arranged axially one above the other can be provided, which can optionally also be retrofitted as independent modules.
  • a single service zone implemented from home can be provided, which, for example, has an axially greater height and thus always provides enough space to accommodate additional components even subsequently.
  • the service zone is preferably fixable or detachable via screw connections in such a way that, even in a state secured by the screw connection, an axial rotational movement of the service zone and thus of the one located above it Mast construction is possible. This allows the antenna emitters are aligned accordingly.
  • FIG. 1 shows, in a schematic perspective view, an antenna arrangement 1 according to the invention, as can be considered, in particular, as a mobile radio antenna for a base station.
  • the antenna arrangement 1 comprises an overhead antenna section 3 and at least one further antenna section 5, which adjoins it below, and which comprises at least one service zone 5.1.
  • the entire arrangement of the upper and then axially adjacent lower antenna section 3, 5 is constructed and mounted on an antenna stand device 7, which serves as an antenna base 7.
  • This antenna base 7 does not necessarily have the mast-shaped apparent from Figure 1 et seq Design, but may also have a larger or smaller diameter or a different cross-sectional shape or, for example, as a connection point in height of the ground level lying on the then building the antenna assembly 1 with the at least upper antenna section 3 and the at least one lower antenna section. 5 is mounted.
  • the antenna section 3 is shown with radome 41 partially omitted in order to show the radiators 6 located underneath, which in the exemplary embodiment shown are arranged offset one above the other in a plurality of circumferentially offset columns in the vertical direction.
  • FIG. 2 shows the cylindrical antenna base 7 in the present case, which is usually produced on site.
  • This antenna base is firmly anchored on or in the ground.
  • this antenna base itself required for the operation of the antenna connecting cables 11 are laid through, which preferably ends in the region of the upper end of the antenna base 7 and there are preferably each provided with a connection unit, in particular a connection connector unit 13.
  • connectors 13 are held by a holding and strain relief device 15 in the region of the upper end of the provided with an exit, passage or access opening 17 antenna base 7.
  • the upper end of the explained antenna base 7 can also be understood as an interface 19, on the basis of which then the antenna arrangement 1, which usually is prefabricated by the manufacturer, placed directly mechanically and firmly connected to the antenna base 7 (Figure 3).
  • the cross-sectional shape and cross-sectional size in the region of the antenna base 7, of the described lower antenna section 5 with the at least one provided there service zone 5.1 and the upper antenna section 3 is equal or substantially equal.
  • the diameter is in each case circular and the outer dimensions are at least of the same order of magnitude, that is to say deviating from one another in the present exemplary embodiment by less than 20%, in particular less than 10% and above all also less than 5%. This gives the impression of a continuous mast construction, without it being immediately recognizable, which function this mast serves and whether certain components are housed inside.
  • FIG. 4 the essential components of the antenna arrangement between the antenna base 7 and the lower part of the upper antenna section 3 are shown in an exploded view (viewed from above, rather downwards) and in FIG. 5 in a corresponding view, which is more from bottom to top is directed.
  • the illustrated service zone 5.1 is cylindrical in the embodiment shown of the basic shape, with an upper and a lower end or connection side 5.1 a and 5.1 b.
  • connection point 5.1 b With the underlying connection point 5.1 b, the Service zone 5.1 by means of screws 25 with the upwardly facing connection side 7.1 of the antenna base 7 are firmly connected.
  • connection side 3.1 is provided on the underside of the upper antenna section 3, about which also preferably again by means of screw a firm mounting of the upper antenna section 3 can be achieved at the underlying lower antenna section 5.
  • the overhead connection side 7.1 has a material ring 7.1 ', which can be placed on the tubular outer construction of the antenna base 7 or can be part of this tubular antenna base 7.
  • the tubular construction of the antenna base 7 ultimately carries the total weight of the antenna assembly 1.
  • a plurality of threaded holes 29 are placed at the junction 7.1 in the circumferential direction offset.
  • the aufmetabolde service zone 5.1 has to accommodate the carrying capacity of the upper antenna section 3, a construction with a top and bottom terminal ring 5.1 a 'and 5.1 b', which is firmly connected in the illustrated embodiment over three to the central center axis outwardly offset material webs 31 ,
  • the screw heads are based directly or via washers, for example a common washer 36, on the connection ring 5.1b 'from, since they have a larger diameter and the slot 33 can not protrude.
  • the slot 33 is of width designed so that only the screw shaft of the screw 25 of this slot 33 can prevail.
  • the service zone 5.1 has three material webs 31 which are offset at equal angular intervals in the circumferential direction, three radial access openings 35 are thereby created, the significance of which will be discussed below.
  • three elongated holes 33 seated in the circumferential direction in the region of the respective access opening 35 are formed in the lower connection ring 5.1 b '. These slots are used to ultimately secure the antenna in different angular orientation can.
  • the upper antenna section has a central support core 39, which in the exemplary embodiment shown is preferably triangular in cross-section, with radially outwardly extending webs or ribs at the corner regions of this triangular construction 40 connect.
  • This support core 39 may be made of any material, for example made of metal (possibly also as a continuous casting), plastic or fiberglass, etc. In principle, the most diverse materials come into consideration.
  • the radiators 6 are arranged offset one above the other in the vertical direction.
  • the radome 41 which has cylindrical shape in the illustrated embodiment.
  • the radome is made of a material which transmits the electromagnetic waves, preferably without any damping or only with low or very low damping. Fiberglass is a suitable material for this.
  • the support core 39 and the radome 41 may also be integrally formed, that is, a total of the electromagnetic Waves passing material, preferably fiberglass exist.
  • the radome 41 can also be separated from the inner support core 39, in which case protrusions or grooves are preferably provided on the inner circumferential surface of the radome 41 in the region of the radially outward ends of the mentioned ribs or webs 40, via which the radome 41 is held against rotation ,
  • the upper antenna section 3 is formed so that the radome 41 is held clamped over an overhead and a lower damping assembly 43 with presettable or predefinable force, namely with the interposition of a damping device 45.
  • FIG. 9 for example, the upper end of this construction is reproduced in an exploded exploded view. From this it can be seen that in the triangular construction of the support core 39, three vertical bores 39 'are provided, through which tie rods 39 "are guided through using spacers, the spacers serving to ensure that the tie rods 39" do not interfere with the inner wall of the Bore 39 'act in alternation or can strike it. 9, two of the longitudinal holes 39 'are still shown without the inserted drawbar 39 "only in the hole 39' lying at the front in FIG Bore 39 'was inserted. On the frontal upper end of this construction is then shown in Figure 9, preferably made of elastomeric material damping device 45 launched, which is part of the damping assembly 43.
  • the damping device 45 surrounds at least the upper edge 41a of the radome 41.
  • the cover-shaped upper pressure transducer 46 with interposition of the aforementioned damping device 45, the radome 41 is then pressurized both radially and axially by the damping element 45.
  • 43 screws 48 are screwed through corresponding holes 47 in the upper lid-shaped pressure transducer, which are screwed into the end-side holes of the mentioned tie rods 39 ", which pass through the holes 39 'in the support core 39.
  • the entire cover-shaped pressure transducer 46 which is also referred to below as a pressure element, is not only provided with a correspondingly shaped damping device 45 with the outer cylindrical radome 41, but also with the inner support core 39, including the outward side leading webs 40 pressurized via the damping device 45, which is why the damping device 45, ie the corresponding damper element comprises an annular placed on the upper edge of the radome section 45a, three circumferentially offset radially inwardly extending portions 45b (below which the webs 40 of Support core come to rest) and in the middle of a single or multiple articulated damping section 45c, in which again holes or holes 45d are introduced at the points below which the holes 39 'in the support core 39 are.
  • the bores 39 'in the support core are aligned with the openings 45d of the damping device 45 and the bores 47 in the cover-shaped pressure transducer 46, so the pressing member 46, so that hereby the mentioned screws 48 ( Figure 9) can be screwed through said passages and holes, in frontal internal thread in the bores 39 'passing tie rods
  • the damping device 45 may be formed on each end face for damping support of the radome 41 in one piece or in one piece or in several parts.
  • the damping device 45 basically has to be provided only at the upper and lower edge regions of the radome 41, and that the pressure-sensing receiver 46 which is in the form of a cover-shaped depression in the exemplary embodiment shown can rest firmly on the support core 39 ,
  • the attachment of the underlying lid-shaped pressure element or pressure sensor 46 is in principle comparable to the above-mentioned cover-shaped pressing element or pressure sensor 46, the essential difference being that in the case of the lower lid receiver, these further through openings 50, through which the corresponding connection cables and actuators can be guided from the service zone 5.1 into the interior space inside the radome 41 in the upper antenna section 3.
  • these further through openings 50 through which the corresponding connection cables and actuators can be guided from the service zone 5.1 into the interior space inside the radome 41 in the upper antenna section 3.
  • these further through openings 50 through which the corresponding connection cables and actuators can be guided from the service zone 5.1 into the interior space inside the radome 41 in the upper antenna section 3.
  • these further through openings 50 through which the corresponding connection cables and actuators can be guided from the service zone 5.1 into the interior space inside the radome 41 in the upper antenna section 3.
  • these further through openings 50 through which the corresponding connection cables and actuators can be guided from the service zone 5.1 into the interior space inside
  • three units 51 are shown, which may represent, for example, amplifiers (TMA or TMB) or, for example, so-called RET units which can be used for remote setting and modification of the down-tilt angle.
  • TMA amplifiers
  • RET so-called RET units which can be used for remote setting and modification of the down-tilt angle.
  • an adjustment mechanism can then be actuated, for example, which adjusts phase shifters below the radome to produce desired phase shifts so that the desired down-tilt angle can be set.
  • this mode of operation reference is generally made to the previously published solutions according to WO 02/061877 A2 and WO 01/13459 A1.
  • the antenna arrangement can in principle be supplemented by further service zones 5.2, etc.
  • all service zones - even if they should differ in their axial length - are preferably of identical design at least with respect to their connection sides at the top and bottom, so that, for example, according to FIG. 14, a further service zone 5.2 can be interposed axially.
  • a lid 53 is indicated in the service zone 5.1. It may be a removable and / or, for example, a preferably pivotable about a vertical axis of rotation to the outside lid to provide free access to the service area.
  • the cover can also be formed simultaneously by a housing wall of a built-in module 51. As a result, the heat generated by the module can be dissipated particularly well to the outside.
  • This lid 53 may be smaller than the total opening to the interior 36 of the service zone. Therefore, therefore, the lid may also be formed in two parts, namely comprise a cover frame, in which again an opening is introduced, in which then comes the housing wall of the module as the cover end side.
  • the antenna base 7 can also be designed differently from its shape or dimensioning, in other words it is provided with a small diameter in this exemplary embodiment. This possibly offers the possibility of leading cables up the outside of such a mast-shaped antenna base 7 and then guiding them into the interior of the service zone 5 from below into the interior 36 at the bottom of the first adjoining service zone 5.1.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Computer Networks & Wireless Communication (AREA)
  • Details Of Aerials (AREA)
  • Support Of Aerials (AREA)
  • Radar Systems Or Details Thereof (AREA)

Abstract

The invention relates to an improved design antenna system (1) characterised in that it is subdivided at least into one top antenna segment (3) provided with bearing core, active antennas and a radome, and at least one lower antenna segment (5) which is axially downwards extended, designed in the form of a service area (5.1) and provided with at least one opening for access into the internal space thereof. Said radome is supported and elastically fixed above at least two damping systems and /or devices which are axially remote with respect to each other.

Description

Die Erfindung betrifft eine Antennenanordnung nach dem Oberbegriff des Anspruches 1.The invention relates to an antenna arrangement according to the preamble of claim 1.

So ist beispielsweise in der Kundenzeitschrift der Firma Kathrein-Werke KG (Ausgabe Dezember 1997) ein Artikel veröffentlicht worden, der mit der Überschrift "Neue Sendeantenne auf dem Säntis, Schweiz" überschrieben ist. Daraus ist zu entnehmen, dass die Sendeanlagen Sendeantennen für Rundfunk, Fernsehen und Mobilfunk umfassen. Die große Höhe und damit verbunden die extrem niedrigen Temperaturen im Winter haben es dabei erforderlich gemacht, ein doppelwandiges und beheizbares Radom zu verwenden, innerhalb dessen die Strahler untergebracht werden.Thus, for example, an article has been published in the customer magazine of the company Kathrein-Werke KG (December 1997 issue), which is headed over with the heading "New transmitting antenna on the Säntis, Switzerland". It can be seen that the transmitters include broadcast antennas for radio, television and mobile. The high altitude and associated extremely low temperatures in winter have made it necessary to use a double-walled and heatable radome within which the radiators are housed.

Darüber hinaus sind grundsätzlich vergleichbare Antenneneinrichtungen bekannt geworden, die allerdings lediglich für Basisstationen für den Mobilfunkbereich vorgesehen sind, von daher also das Radom einen erheblich geringeren Durchmesser aufweist als bei dem eingangs genannten Stand der Technik.In addition, basically comparable antenna devices have become known, which, however, are provided only for base stations for the mobile radio area, and therefore therefore the radome has a considerably smaller diameter than in the case of the aforementioned prior art.

Derartige Vorveröffentlichungen sind beispielsweise aus der DE 202 05 550 U1 oder der DE 202 18 101 U1 bekannt geworden. Beide Vorveröffentlichungen zeigen einen zentralen Antennenträger, der gemäß der DE 202 18 101 U1 zusätzlich mit radial vorstehenden Abstützwänden versehen sein kann, wodurch drei voneinander in Umfangsrichtung versetzt liegende Sektoren oder 120°-Winkelbereiche gebildet werden. In diesen Bereichen sind am Antennenmast befestigt herkömmliche Antenneneinrichtungen montiert, die bereits von Hause aus mit einem eigenen Radom versehen sind, also mit einer eigenen Antennenabdeckung.Such Vorveröffentlichungen have become known for example from DE 202 05 550 U1 or DE 202 18 101 U1. Both prior publications show a central antenna support, which according to DE 202 18 101 U1 can additionally be provided with radially protruding support walls, whereby three mutually circumferentially offset sectors or 120 ° angle ranges are formed. In these areas are attached to the antenna mast mounted conventional antenna devices that are already provided from home with its own radome, so with its own antenna cover.

Die gesamte Anordnung wird von einer im Querschnitt zylinderförmigen außen liegenden Verkleidung umgeben, die gemäß der DE 202 18 101 U1 einwandig oder gemäß der DE 202 05 550 U1 ebenfalls wie beim eingangs genannten Stand der Technik doppelwandig ausgebildet sein kann.The entire arrangement is surrounded by a cylindrical outer cross-section panel, which can be double-walled according to DE 202 18 101 U1 single-walled or according to DE 202 05 550 U1 also as in the aforementioned prior art.

Der gesamte Bauaufwand, einschließlich der Montage vor Ort, aber auch die Reparatur-Unfreundlichkeit erweisen sich bei den zuletzt genannten Antennensystemen als sehr nachteilig. Insbesondere dann, wenn beispielsweise Komponenten nicht nur ausgetauscht, sondern auch nachgerüstet werden sollen, ist ein beachtlicher Montageaufwand erforderlich, um die gesamte Verkleidung erst abzunehmen, in großer Höhe die entsprechenden Komponenten nachzurüsten, um dann nach erfolgter Arbeit wieder die Verkleidung anzubringen.The entire construction effort, including the installation on site, but also the repair unfriendliness prove to be very disadvantageous in the last-mentioned antenna systems. In particular, if, for example, not only replaced components, but also be retrofitted components, a considerable installation effort is required in order to remove the entire panel first, retrofit the corresponding components at a high altitude, and then re-install the panel after work.

Eine gattungsbildende Antenne ist aus der WO 97/06576 A bekannt geworden. Sie umfasst einen Tragkern, der von einem Radom umgeben ist. Zwischen dem Tragkern und dem Radom sind Strahler zum Empfangen und/oder Senden angeordnet. Die Antennenanordnung ist zwischen einer oberen Abschlussplatte und einer unteren Stand- oder Halteplatte angeordnet und gehalten.A generic antenna has become known from WO 97/06576 A. It includes a support core surrounded by a radome. Between the support core and the radome emitters are arranged for receiving and / or sending. The antenna assembly is disposed and held between an upper end plate and a lower support plate.

Eine weitgehend ähnliche Antennenanordnung zur Aufnahme von Sektorantennen ist beispielsweise aus der DE 101 19 612 A1 bekannt. Die Antennenanordnung zur Aufnahme der Sektorantennen, die bevorzugt aus Mobilfunkantennen besteht, weist einen stehend angeordneten Mast auf, dessen oberer Abschnitt ein durch ein Rohr gebildetes Tragstück aufweist. Es handelt sich dabei um ein mastförmiges, innenliegendes Tragrohr. Am Außenumfang dieses Tragrohres sind die Sektorantennen montiert. Für die gesamte Anordnung, bestehend aus dem innenliegenden Tragrohr und den daran befestigten Sektorantennen, ist dann ein am Mast befestigtes Hüllrohr vorgesehen, welches für die elektromagnetische Strahlung durchlässig ist. Es handelt sich dabei um das sogenannte Radom. Das Hüllrohr schließt sich dabei stufenlos an ein Standrohr an, welches den unteren Abschnitt des Mastes bildet. Somit bildet der eigentliche Mast einen Stufenübergang von dem unteren Standrohr mit größerem Durchmesser hin zu dem oberen rohrförmigen Drahtstück mit geringerem Durchmesser, wobei an dem so gebildeten Stufenübergang Durchgänge vorgesehen sind, durch welche hindurch die zu den Sektorantennen führenden Kabel verlegt sind.A substantially similar antenna arrangement for receiving sector antennas is known for example from DE 101 19 612 A1. The antenna arrangement for receiving the sector antennas, which preferably consists of mobile radio antennas, has a standing mast, whose upper portion has a supporting piece formed by a tube. It is a mast-shaped, inner support tube. On the outer circumference of this support tube, the sector antennas are mounted. For the entire arrangement, consisting of the inner support tube and the sector antennas attached thereto, a cladding tube attached to the mast is then provided, which is permeable to the electromagnetic radiation. It is the so-called radome. The cladding tube adjoins steplessly to a standpipe, which forms the lower portion of the mast. Thus, the actual mast forms a step transition from the larger diameter lower standpipe to the smaller diameter upper tubular wire piece, with passages being provided at the step transition thus formed, through which the cables leading to the sector antennas are routed.

Da sich also das untere mit größerem Durchmesser versehene Standrohr stufenlos an das obere Hüllrohr anschließt, erscheint die gesamte Antennenanordnung quasi verkleidet und versteckt.Since so the lower diameter provided with a standpipe steplessly connects to the upper cladding tube, the entire antenna arrangement appears quasi disguised and hidden.

Gleichwohl hat sich bei dem gattungsbildenden Stand der Technik als wesentlicher Nachteil herausgestellt, dass sich bei bestimmten höheren Windgeschwindigkeiten der gesamte Antennenmast so aufschaukeln kann, dass es zu einem Bruch des Radoms kommt.Nevertheless, in the generic state of the Technology has been found to be a major disadvantage that at certain higher wind speeds, the entire antenna mast can rock so that there is a rupture of the radome.

Aus der GB 2 263 581 A ist ferner eine Mikrowellenantenne mit einem innerhalb des Radoms befindlichen dielektrischen Kern in Form eines leiterplatinenähnlichen Aufbaus als bekannt zu entnehmen, auf welchem Antennenelemente angeordnet sind. Die dielektrische Trägereinrichtung wird mittels in Axialrichtung versetzt angeordneter Dämpfereinrichtungen gegenüber der Innenseite des Radoms gehalten und abgestützt.From GB 2 263 581 A a microwave antenna with a dielectric core in the form of a printed circuit board-like structure inside the radome can also be taken as known, on which antenna elements are arranged. The dielectric support means is held and supported against the inside of the radome by means of damper means arranged offset in the axial direction.

Schließlich ist eine Antennenanordnung auch aus der US 2002/0184833 A1 bekannt geworden, die gitterförmige Radomaufbauten beschreiben, die entsprechend dekoriert werden können, wodurch die Antennenanordnung quasi versteckt werden soll.Finally, an antenna arrangement has become known from US 2002/0184833 A1, which describes grid-shaped Radomaufbauten that can be decorated accordingly, so that the antenna assembly is quasi hidden.

Aufgabe der vorliegenden Erfindung ist es von daher, die Nachteile nach dem Stand der Technik zu überwinden und eine verbesserte Antennenanordnung zu schaffen.The object of the present invention is therefore to overcome the disadvantages of the prior art and to provide an improved antenna arrangement.

Die Aufgabe wird erfindungsgemäß entsprechend den im Anspruch 1 angegebenen Merkmalen gelöst. Vorteilhafte Ausgestaltungen der Erfindung sind in den Unteransprüchen angegeben.The object is achieved according to the features specified in claim 1. Advantageous embodiments of the invention are specified in the subclaims.

Es muss in der Tat als überraschend bezeichnet werden, dass mit der vorliegenden Erfindung eine höchst stabile Antennenanordnung geschaffen wird, die mastförmig gestaltet ist, wobei die gesamte Antennenanlagen in einem äußerst schmal konzipierbaren rohrförmigen Radom verdeckt ist. Dieses Radom kann bevorzugt - wie bei anderen bekannten Anlagen auch - im Querschnitt zylinderförmig gestaltet sein, kann aber auch jeden anderen beliebigen Horizontalquerschnitt aufweisen, beispielsweise n-polygonal, ovalförmig etc.It must indeed be said to be surprising that with the present invention, a highly stable antenna arrangement is provided, which is designed mast-shaped, the entire antenna systems in a very narrow conceivable tubular radome is concealed. This radome may preferably - as in other known systems also - be designed cylindrical in cross section, but may also have any other arbitrary horizontal cross section, for example, n-polygonal, oval, etc.

Darüber hinaus weist die erfindungsgemäße Antennenanordnung eine Dämpfungseinrichtung auf, die sicherstellt, dass bei entsprechender Windgeschwindigkeit ein Aufschaukeln des Antennenaufbaus und vor allem des Radoms verhindert wird und damit eine Zerstörung der Anlage oder Teile davon.In addition, the antenna arrangement according to the invention on a damping device, which ensures that at a corresponding wind speed rocking of the antenna structure and especially the radome is prevented and thus destruction of the system or parts thereof.

Eine entsprechende Lösung hatte sich hierfür bisher nicht abgezeichnet.An appropriate solution had not yet emerged for this purpose.

Die erfindungsgemäße Antennenanlage ist so aufgebaut, dass sie innerhalb des Radoms Antennenstrahler umfasst, die beispielsweise in zumindest zwei Sektoren, vorzugsweise in drei oder mehr Sektoren ausgerichtet strahlen. Dabei können beliebige Strahlereinrichtungen verwendet werden, die auch in unterschiedlichsten Horizontalbreiten abstrahlen können, beispielsweise mit einer 90° Halbwertsbreite, einer 60-65° Halbwertsbreite etc.The antenna system according to the invention is constructed such that it comprises antenna radiators within the radome, which radiate, for example, in at least two sectors, preferably in three or more sectors. In this case, any radiator devices can be used, which can radiate in a variety of horizontal widths, for example, with a 90 ° half width, a 60-65 ° half width, etc.

Es können einfach polarisierte, dual polarisierte oder auch zirkular polarisierte Antennenelemente verwendet werden. Auch sogenannte x-polarisierte Strahler und Strahlergruppen sind einsetzbar, deren Polarisationsrichtung in einem +45° bzw. -45° Winkel gegenüber der Horizontalebene oder einer Vertikalebene ausgerichtet sind.Simply polarized, dual polarized or even circularly polarized antenna elements can be used. Also so-called x-polarized radiators and radiator groups are used, the polarization direction are aligned in a + 45 ° or -45 ° angle to the horizontal plane or a vertical plane.

Die erfindungsgemäße Antennenanordnung kann zudem breitbandige oder schmalbandige Antennen und Strahler umfassen. Dieser Aufbau kann derart sein, dass die gesamte Antennenanordnung nur in einem Band oder in mehreren Bändern, beispielsweise in zwei Bändern, strahlt und empfängt. Die Bandstruktur kann auch so breitbandig sein, dass sie beispielsweise das 1800 MHz Band, beispielsweise aber auch das 1900 MHz Band (wie in den USA üblich) und/oder das UMTS-Band von etwa 2000 MHz abdeckt.The antenna arrangement according to the invention can also comprise broadband or narrowband antennas and radiators. This structure may be such that the entire antenna arrangement radiates and receives only in one band or in several bands, for example in two bands. The band structure can also be so broadband that it covers, for example, the 1800 MHz band, but for example also the 1900 MHz band (as usual in the USA) and / or the UMTS band of about 2000 MHz.

Durch die erfindungsgemäße Antennenanordnung und die kompakte Bauweise ist es zudem erstmals möglich, eine derartige Antenneneinrichtung quasi als Rundumstrahler durch eine entsprechende Zusammenschaltung in der Servicezone aufzubauen. Dabei können die Strahlerelemente bevorzugt über eine fernsteuerbare Down-Tilt-Einrichtung mit unterschiedlichem Abstrahlwinkel gegenüber der Horizontalebene eingestellt werden.Due to the antenna arrangement according to the invention and the compact design, it is also possible for the first time to build such an antenna device virtually as an all-round emitter by a corresponding interconnection in the service zone. In this case, the radiator elements can preferably be adjusted via a remotely controllable down-tilt device with different emission angle relative to the horizontal plane.

In einer bevorzugten Ausführungsform der Erfindung ist eine sogenannte Servicezone vorgesehen, die sich unterhalb aller Strahlerelemente befindet. In diese Servicezone können alle relevanten Einstell- und Anschlussmaßnahmen durchgeführt werden, und zwar ohne dass der Antennenmast insgesamt abgebaut oder auch nur das Radom insgesamt zuvor entfernt werden muss, um an die darunter befindlichen Komponenten zu gelangen. Dabei ist die Servicezone bevorzugt so aufgebaut, dass sie sich im verschlossenen Zustand quasi als Verlängerung des die Strahlerelemente umgebenden Radoms darstellt. Dazu kann die Servicezone ein entsprechendes Gehäusegerüst in geeigneter axialer Höhe und mit entsprechendem Durchmesser umfassen, welches ausreichend groß bemessene Öffnungen aufweist, um hier einen Zugang zu dem Innenraum zu schaffen. Die Öffnungsbereiche können durch einzelne Abdeckkappen oder durch den Antennenmast insgesamt umgebene Gehäuseschalen verschlossen und abgedeckt werden, die bevorzugt zumindest in etwa in der Umfangsebene des die Strahlerelemente umgebenden Radoms liegt, so dass sich bevorzugt von außen her eine möglichst glatte und durchgängige Gesamtoberfläche einer mastförmigen Konstruktion ergibt, ohne dass erahnbar wäre, ob in dieser Konstruktion im Inneren Komponenten und wenn ja, welche Komponenten untergebracht sind.In a preferred embodiment of the invention, a so-called service zone is provided, which is located below all radiator elements. All relevant setting and connection measures can be carried out in this service zone, without having to dismantle the entire antenna mast altogether, or even simply remove the entire radome in order to reach the components underneath. In this case, the service zone is preferably constructed in such a way that, in the closed state, it acts as an extension of the radome surrounding the radiator elements. For this purpose, the service zone may include a corresponding housing scaffold in a suitable axial height and with a corresponding diameter, which has sufficiently large sized openings, to provide access to the To create interior. The opening areas can be closed and covered by individual cover caps or housing shells surrounded by the antenna mast, which preferably lies at least approximately in the circumferential plane of the radome surrounding the radiator elements, so that preferably from the outside a smooth and continuous overall surface of a mast-shaped construction results Without any idea as to whether there are any components in this construction inside and, if so, which components are accommodated.

Die Servicezone ist so aufgebaut, dass sie auf einen Maststumpfkopf montierbar ist, an dem die zur Antenneneinrichtung führenden notwendigen Antennenkabel an einer dadurch gebildeten Schnittstelle enden. Dieser Maststumpf wird im Folgenden insoweit auch als Mastfuß, Mastbasis oder auch als Antennenfuß bzw. Antennenbasis bezeichnet. Bei geöffneter Servicezone können die entsprechenden Zwischenkabel montiert werden, wodurch eine elektrische Verbindung von den im Antennenfuß endenden Kabeln zu den im oberen Bereich der Servicezone vorgesehenen Anschlussstellen der zu den Strahlern führenden Kabeln hergestellt wird. Ebenso können an diesen Servicezonen beliebige notwendige Komponenten wie Verstärker etc. untergebracht werden. Bei den Verstärkern kann es sich beispielsweise um sogenannte TMA's, sogenannte TMB's etc. handeln. Ein Teil der Verstärker oder sonstigen Schaltungen, die beispielsweise auch Wärme entwickeln, die nach außen abgeführt werden muss, kann so gestaltet und angeordnet sein, dass ein Teil des Verstärker-Gehäuses gleichzeitig als Abdeckkappen-Verschlussanordnung für die Öffnung in der Servicezone verwendet wird, so dass diese Geräte die von ihnen produzierte Wärme optimal nach außen abgeben können (ein Teil der wärmeerzeugenden Geräte stellen also somit einen Teil des Außenmantels der Antennenanordnung dar). Dadurch, dass diese Verstärker nunmehr näher an den eigentlichen Strahlern sitzen (und nicht mehr in einer separaten Basisstation), nimmt nicht nur die Zahl der Kabel, die von der Basisstation zu den Strahlern verlegt werden müssen, ab, sondern es lässt sich auch die für die Antennenanordnung notwendige Energieleistung der Verstärker beispielsweise um einen Faktor 2 reduzieren. Schließlich können die verwendeten Strom- und Glasfaserkabel nicht nur von ihrer Anzahl her reduziert werden, sondern ggf. auch von ihrem notwendigen Durchmesserquerschnitt. Untergebracht werden können in der Servicezone beispielsweise auch die fernsteuerbaren Down-Tilt-Einstelleinrichtungen, beispielsweise entsprechend ansteuerbare Motoreinheiten, die beispielsweise über ein Übertragungsgestänge dann die innerhalb des Radoms befindlichen Phasenschieber zur Einstellung der unterschiedlichen Down-Tilt-Winkel ansteuern.The service zone is constructed so that it can be mounted on a stub head, on which the antenna cables leading to the antenna device terminate at an interface formed thereby. In the following, this stump will also be referred to as a mast base, mast base or as an antenna base or antenna base. When the service zone is open, the corresponding intermediate cables can be mounted, whereby an electrical connection is made from the cables terminating in the antenna base to the connection points of the cables leading to the radiators in the upper region of the service zone. Likewise, any necessary components such as amplifiers etc. can be accommodated at these service zones. The amplifiers may, for example, be so-called TMAs, so-called TMBs, etc. For example, part of the amplifiers or other circuits that also develop heat that must be dissipated to the outside may be designed and arranged such that a portion of the amplifier housing is used simultaneously as a cover closure assembly for opening in the service zone that these devices can deliver the heat produced by them optimally to the outside (a Part of the heat-generating devices thus thus constitute a part of the outer shell of the antenna arrangement). The fact that these amplifiers are now closer to the actual radiators (and no longer in a separate base station), not only decreases the number of cables that must be routed from the base station to the emitters, but it can also be for For example, reduce the antenna array necessary energy power of the amplifier by a factor of 2. Finally, the current and fiber optic cables used can be reduced not only by their number, but possibly also by their necessary diameter cross-section. In the service zone, it is also possible, for example, to accommodate the remotely controllable down-tilt setting devices, for example correspondingly controllable motor units, which then control the phase shifters located within the radome for setting the different down-tilt angles, for example via a transmission linkage.

Bei Bedarf können aber nicht nur eine, sondern auch eine zweite oder mehrere axial übereinander angeordnete Servicezonen vorgesehen sein, die als selbständige Module gegebenenfalls auch nachgerüstet werden können. Genauso kann eine einzige von Hause aus verwirklichte Servicezone vorgesehen sein, die beispielsweise eine axial größere Höhe aufweist und dadurch bereits stets genügend Raum schafft, um auch nachträglich noch zusätzliche Komponenten unterbringen zu können.If required, however, not only one, but also a second or a plurality of service zones arranged axially one above the other can be provided, which can optionally also be retrofitted as independent modules. In the same way, a single service zone implemented from home can be provided, which, for example, has an axially greater height and thus always provides enough space to accommodate additional components even subsequently.

Bevorzugt ist die Servicezone über Schraubverbindungen so fixier- bzw. lösbar, dass selbst in einem durch die Schraubverbindung gesicherten Zustand eine axiale Verdrehbewegung der Servicezone und damit der darüber befindlichen Mastkonstruktion möglich ist. Hierdurch können die Antennenstrahler entsprechend ausgerichtet werden.The service zone is preferably fixable or detachable via screw connections in such a way that, even in a state secured by the screw connection, an axial rotational movement of the service zone and thus of the one located above it Mast construction is possible. This allows the antenna emitters are aligned accordingly.

Weitere Vorteile, Einzelheiten und Merkmale der Erfindung ergeben sich nachfolgend aus dem anhand von Zeichnungen dargestellten Ausführungsbeispiel. Dabei zeigen im Einzelnen:

Figur 1:
eine erfindungsgemäße Gesamtansicht einer mastförmigen Antenne;
Figur 1a:
eine erfindungsgemäße mastförmige Antenne ohne Servicezone bei teilweise nicht gezeigten Radom zur Verdeutlichung der darunter befindlichen Strahlerelemente;
Figur 2:
einen vorbereiteten Antennenfuß, auf welchem eine mastförmige Antennenanlage aufgebaut wird;
Figur 3:
eine entsprechende Darstellung zu Figur 1, jedoch bei geöffneter Servicezone und vor der Montage auf dem Antennensockel oder der Antennenbasis;
Figur 4:
eine explosionsartige Darstellung der Antennenanordnung und ihrer wesentlichen Bestandteile in einer eher von oben nach unten gerichteten perspektivischen Darstellung;
Figur 5:
eine entsprechende explosionsartige Darstellung zu Figur 4, jedoch in einem eher von unten nach oben gerichteten Blickwinkel;
Figur 6:
eine vergrößerte perspektivische Detaildarstellung zur Erläuterung der Befestigung der Servicezone auf dem Antennenfuß;
Figur 7:
eine entsprechende Darstellung zu Figur 7, nachdem die Servicezone mit der darauf ruhenden Mastkonstruktion um einen Winkelbetrag verdreht wurde;
Figur 8:
eine Querschnittsdarstellung durch die Mastkonstruktion mit den innen sitzenden Antennenelementen;
Figur 9:
eine perspektivische Darstellung einer Dämpfungseinrichtung an dem oben liegenden stirnseitigen Ende der Mastkonstruktion einschließlich des zylinderförmigen Radoms;
Figur 10:
eine Vertikalschnittsdarstellung durch die oben liegende stirnseitige Abdeckung mit der erfindungsgemäßen Dämpfungseinrichtung für das Radom in einem abgewandelten Ausführungsbeispiel;
Figur 11:
eine Vertikalschnittdarstellung im Bereich des unteren Endes des Radoms am Übergang zur benachbarten Servicezone;
Figur 12:
eine abgewandelte Konstruktion zu der Darstellung gemäß Figur 9, gezeigt in einem Vertikalschnitt;
Figur 13:
ein zu Figur 1 vergleichbares Ausführungsbeispiel einer fertig montierten Antennenanordnung mit geöffneten Abdeckdeckeln zur Verdeutlichung eingebauter Module;
Figur 14:
ein weiteres Ausführungsbeispiel zur Verdeutlichung des zusätzlichen Anbaus einer weiteren Servicezone; und
Figur 15:
ein nochmals abgewandeltes Ausführungsbeispiel mit einer mastförmigen Antennenbasis, die zu der verbleibenden Antennenanordnung einen geringeren Außendurchmesser aufweist.
Further advantages, details and features of the invention will become apparent from the embodiment illustrated with reference to drawings. In detail:
FIG. 1:
an overall view of a mast-shaped antenna according to the invention;
FIG. 1a
a mast-shaped antenna according to the invention without service zone at partially not shown radome to illustrate the underlying radiator elements;
FIG. 2:
a prepared antenna base on which a mast-shaped antenna system is constructed;
FIG. 3:
a corresponding view to Figure 1, but with the service zone open and before mounting on the antenna base or the antenna base;
FIG. 4:
an exploded view of the antenna assembly and its essential components in a more top-down perspective view;
FIG. 5:
a corresponding exploded view of Figure 4, but in a rather bottom-up perspective;
FIG. 6:
an enlarged detailed perspective view for explaining the attachment of the service zone on the antenna base;
FIG. 7:
a corresponding view to Figure 7 after the service zone was rotated with the mast construction resting thereon by an angular amount;
FIG. 8:
a cross-sectional view through the mast construction with the antenna elements sitting inside;
FIG. 9:
a perspective view of a damping device at the overhead end of the mast construction including the cylindrical radome;
FIG. 10:
a vertical sectional view through the overhead end cover with the damping device according to the invention for the radome in a modified embodiment;
FIG. 11:
a vertical sectional view in the region of the lower end of the radome at the transition to the adjacent service zone;
FIG. 12:
a modified construction to the representation according to Figure 9, shown in a vertical section;
FIG. 13:
a comparable to Figure 1 embodiment of a fully assembled antenna assembly with open cover to illustrate built-in modules;
FIG. 14:
a further embodiment to illustrate the additional cultivation of another service zone; and
FIG. 15:
a further modified embodiment with a mast-shaped antenna base, which has a smaller outer diameter to the remaining antenna arrangement.

In Figur 1 ist in schematischer perspektivischer Darstellung eine erfindungsgemäße Antennenanordnung 1 gezeigt, wie sie insbesondere als Mobilfunkantenne für eine Basisstation in Betracht kommt.FIG. 1 shows, in a schematic perspective view, an antenna arrangement 1 according to the invention, as can be considered, in particular, as a mobile radio antenna for a base station.

Die Antennenanordnung 1 umfasst einen oben liegenden Antennenabschnitt 3 und zumindest einen weiteren, sich darunter anschließenden Antennenabschnitt 5, der zumindest eine Servicezone 5.1 umfasst.The antenna arrangement 1 comprises an overhead antenna section 3 and at least one further antenna section 5, which adjoins it below, and which comprises at least one service zone 5.1.

Die gesamte Anordnung aus dem oberen und sich daran axial anschließenden unteren Antennenabschnitt 3, 5 ist auf einer Antennen-Standeinrichtung 7 aufgebaut und befestigt, die als Antennenbasis 7 dient. Diese Antennenbasis 7 muss nicht zwangsläufig die aus Figur 1 ff. ersichtliche mastförmige Gestaltung aufweisen, sondern kann auch einen größeren oder kleineren Durchmesser aufweisen oder eine andere Querschnittsform oder kann beispielsweise auch als Anschlussstelle in Höhe des Bodenniveaus liegend ausgestaltet sein, auf der dann aufbauend die Antennenanordnung 1 mit dem zumindest oberen Antennenabschnitt 3 und dem zumindest einen unteren Antennenabschnitt 5 montiert wird.The entire arrangement of the upper and then axially adjacent lower antenna section 3, 5 is constructed and mounted on an antenna stand device 7, which serves as an antenna base 7. This antenna base 7 does not necessarily have the mast-shaped apparent from Figure 1 et seq Design, but may also have a larger or smaller diameter or a different cross-sectional shape or, for example, as a connection point in height of the ground level lying on the then building the antenna assembly 1 with the at least upper antenna section 3 and the at least one lower antenna section. 5 is mounted.

In Figur 1a ist dabei der Antennenabschnitt 3 bei teilweise weggelassenem Radom 41 gezeigt, um die darunter befindlichen Strahler 6 zu zeigen, die im gezeigten Ausführungsbeispiel jeweils in mehreren in Umfangsrichtung versetzt angeordneten Spalten in Vertikalrichtung übereinander versetzt liegend angeordnet sind.In FIG. 1a, the antenna section 3 is shown with radome 41 partially omitted in order to show the radiators 6 located underneath, which in the exemplary embodiment shown are arranged offset one above the other in a plurality of circumferentially offset columns in the vertical direction.

Aus Figur 2 ist die im vorliegenden Fall zylinderförmige Antennenbasis 7 zu ersehen, die in der Regel vor Ort erstellt wird. Diese Antennenbasis ist fest am oder im Boden verankert. Durch diese Antennenbasis selbst werden die für den Betrieb der Antenne benötigten Anschlussleitungen 11 hindurch verlegt, die vorzugsweise im Bereich des oberen Endes der Antennenbasis 7 enden und dort bevorzugt mit jeweils einer Anschluss-Einheit, insbesondere einer Anschluss-Steckverbindungseinheit 13 versehen sind.FIG. 2 shows the cylindrical antenna base 7 in the present case, which is usually produced on site. This antenna base is firmly anchored on or in the ground. By this antenna base itself required for the operation of the antenna connecting cables 11 are laid through, which preferably ends in the region of the upper end of the antenna base 7 and there are preferably each provided with a connection unit, in particular a connection connector unit 13.

Diese Anschlussstecker 13 werden durch eine Halte- und Zugentlastungseinrichtung 15 im Bereich des oberen Endes der mit einer Austritts-, Durchtritts- oder Zugangsöffnung 17 versehenen Antennenbasis 7 gehalten.These connectors 13 are held by a holding and strain relief device 15 in the region of the upper end of the provided with an exit, passage or access opening 17 antenna base 7.

Das obere Ende der erläuterten Antennenbasis 7 kann insoweit auch als Schnittstelle 19 verstanden werden, auf der aufbauend dann die Antennenanordnung 1, die üblicherweise herstellerseitig vorgefertigt ist, unmittelbar mechanisch aufgesetzt und fest mit der Antennenbasis 7 verbunden wird (Figur 3).The upper end of the explained antenna base 7 can also be understood as an interface 19, on the basis of which then the antenna arrangement 1, which usually is prefabricated by the manufacturer, placed directly mechanically and firmly connected to the antenna base 7 (Figure 3).

In dem Ausführungsbeispiel ist die Querschnittsform und Querschnittsgröße im Bereich der Antennenbasis 7, des erläuterten unteren Antennenabschnittes 5 mit der zumindest einen dort vorgesehenen Servicezone 5.1 sowie des oberen Antennenabschnittes 3 gleich oder im Wesentlichen gleich. D.h., im vorliegenden Fall ist der Durchmesser jeweils kreisförmig und die Außenabmessungen liegen dabei in zumindest gleicher Größenordnung, sollen also im vorliegenden Ausführungsbeispiel weniger als 20 %, insbesondere weniger als 10% und vor allem auch weniger als 5% voneinander abweichen. Dadurch wird der Eindruck einer durchgängigen Mastkonstruktion vermittelt, ohne dass unmittelbar erkennbar ist, welcher Funktion dieser Mast dient und ob im Inneren bestimmte Komponenten untergebracht sind.In the exemplary embodiment, the cross-sectional shape and cross-sectional size in the region of the antenna base 7, of the described lower antenna section 5 with the at least one provided there service zone 5.1 and the upper antenna section 3 is equal or substantially equal. In other words, in the present case the diameter is in each case circular and the outer dimensions are at least of the same order of magnitude, that is to say deviating from one another in the present exemplary embodiment by less than 20%, in particular less than 10% and above all also less than 5%. This gives the impression of a continuous mast construction, without it being immediately recognizable, which function this mast serves and whether certain components are housed inside.

In Figur 4 sind die wesentlichen Bestandteile der Antennenanordnung zwischen der Antennenbasis 7 und dem unteren Teil des oberen Antennenabschnittes 3 in explosionsartiger Darstellung (mit Blickwinkel eher von oben nach unten gerichtet) und in Figur 5 in einem entsprechenden Blickwinkel dargestellt, der eher von unten nach oben gerichtet ist. Daraus ist zu ersehen, dass die erläuterte Servicezone 5.1 im gezeigten Ausführungsbeispiel von der Grundform her zylinderförmig gestaltet ist, und zwar mit einer oberen und einer unteren Stirn- oder Anschlussseite 5.1 a und 5.1 b.In FIG. 4, the essential components of the antenna arrangement between the antenna base 7 and the lower part of the upper antenna section 3 are shown in an exploded view (viewed from above, rather downwards) and in FIG. 5 in a corresponding view, which is more from bottom to top is directed. It can be seen that the illustrated service zone 5.1 is cylindrical in the embodiment shown of the basic shape, with an upper and a lower end or connection side 5.1 a and 5.1 b.

Mit der unten liegenden Anschlussstelle 5.1 b kann die Servicezone 5.1 mittels Schrauben 25 mit der nach oben weisenden Anschlussseite 7.1 der Antennenbasis 7 fest verbunden werden.With the underlying connection point 5.1 b, the Service zone 5.1 by means of screws 25 with the upwardly facing connection side 7.1 of the antenna base 7 are firmly connected.

Ebenso ist an der Unterseite des oberen Antennenabschnittes 3 eine Anschlussseite 3.1 vorgesehen, worüber ebenfalls vorzugsweise wieder mittels Schraubverbindungen eine feste Montage des oberen Antennenabschnittes 3 an dem darunter befindlichen unteren Antennenabschnitt 5 erzielt werden kann. Die erwähnten Schraubverbindungen zur festen Verbindung der Unterseite 3.1 des oberen Antennenabschnittes 3 mit der Servicezone 5 erfolgt über Schrauben.Likewise, a connection side 3.1 is provided on the underside of the upper antenna section 3, about which also preferably again by means of screw a firm mounting of the upper antenna section 3 can be achieved at the underlying lower antenna section 5. The mentioned screw for solid connection of the bottom 3.1 of the upper antenna section 3 with the service zone 5 via screws.

Wie aus der vergrößerten Detaildarstellung gemäß Figur 4 und 5 zu ersehen ist, weist die oben liegende Anschlussseite 7.1 einen Materialring 7.1' auf, der auf der rohrförmigen Außenkonstruktion der Antennenbasis 7 aufgesetzt werden oder Teil dieser rohrförmigen Antennenbasis 7 sein kann. Die rohrförmige Konstruktion der Antennenbasis 7 trägt letztlich das Gesamtgewicht der Antennenanordnung 1. Zur Fixierung sind an der Anschlussstelle 7.1 in Umfangsrichtung versetzt liegend eine Vielzahl von Gewindebohrungen 29 eingebracht. Die darauf aufzusetzende Servicezone 5.1 weist zur Aufnahme der Tragkräfte des oberen Antennenabschnittes 3 eine Konstruktion mit einem oben und unten liegenden Anschlussring 5.1 a' und 5.1 b' auf, der im gezeigten Ausführungsbeispiel über drei zur zentralen Mittelachse nach außen versetzt liegende Materialstege 31 fest verbunden ist.As can be seen from the enlarged detail illustration according to FIGS. 4 and 5, the overhead connection side 7.1 has a material ring 7.1 ', which can be placed on the tubular outer construction of the antenna base 7 or can be part of this tubular antenna base 7. The tubular construction of the antenna base 7 ultimately carries the total weight of the antenna assembly 1. For fixing a plurality of threaded holes 29 are placed at the junction 7.1 in the circumferential direction offset. The aufzusetzende service zone 5.1 has to accommodate the carrying capacity of the upper antenna section 3, a construction with a top and bottom terminal ring 5.1 a 'and 5.1 b', which is firmly connected in the illustrated embodiment over three to the central center axis outwardly offset material webs 31 ,

Wie aus der vergrößerten Schnittdarstellung gemäß Figur 6 zu ersehen ist, sind im gezeigten Ausführungsbeispiel in dem unten liegenden Anschlussring 5.1 b' jeweils kreisförmig verlaufende Langlöcher 33 eingebaut, die zumindest so lang bemessen sind, dass in dem Langloch 33 entsprechend dem Winkelabstand der Gewindebohrung 29 (Figur 4) zwei Schrauben 25 hindurch in die Gewindebohrungen 29 im Anschlussring 7.1a' eingedreht werden können. Die Schraubenköpfe stützen sich dabei direkt oder über Unterlegscheiben, z.B. eine gemeinsame Unterlegscheibe 36, an dem Anschlussring 5.1b' ab, da sie einen größeren Durchmesser aufweisen und das Langloch 33 nicht durchragen können. Mit anderen Worten ist das Langloch 33 von der Breite her so gestaltet, dass lediglich der Schraubenschaft der Schrauben 25 dieses Langloch 33 durchsetzen kann. Da im vorliegenden Fall die Servicezone 5.1 drei in Umfangsrichtung in gleichem Winkelabstand versetzt liegende Materialstege 31 aufweist, werden dadurch drei radiale Zugangsöffnungen 35 geschaffen, auf deren Bedeutung nachfolgend noch eingegangen wird. Entsprechend dieser Gestaltung sind auch drei in Umfangsrichtung im Bereich der jeweiligen Zugangsöffnung 35 sitzende Langlöcher 33 im unten liegenden Anschlussring 5.1 b' ausgebildet. Diese Langlöcher dienen dazu, um letztlich die Antenne in unterschiedlicher Winkelausrichtung befestigen zu können. Denn es kann beispielsweise in jedem Langloch die im Langloch links liegende Schraube 25' gelöst und entfernt werden, wobei die in jedem Langloch rechts liegende Schraube 25" nur geringfügig geöffnet wird. In dieser Lage kann dann die Servicezone 5.1 z.B. um ihre vertikale Zentralachse 26 längs der Pfeildarstellung 28 im Gegenuhrzeigersinn verdreht werden, bis die erwähnte das Langloch am rechten Ende durchsetzende Schraube 25" dann am jeweils links liegenden Ende des Langloches 33 zu liegen kommt (Figur 7). Dabei kann in das freie Gewinde rechts im Langloch 33 liegend jeweils eine neue Schraube eingedreht und die links liegende Schraube entfernt werden. So kann der gesamte Mast in gesicherter Position um seine vertikale Zentralachse 26 völlig verdreht werden.As can be seen from the enlarged sectional view according to FIG. 6, in the embodiment shown in FIG the underlying connection ring 5.1 b 'each circularly extending slots 33 installed, which are at least as long, that in the slot 33 according to the angular distance of the threaded bore 29 (Figure 4) two screws 25 into the threaded holes 29 in the connection ring 7.1 a' screwed can be. The screw heads are based directly or via washers, for example a common washer 36, on the connection ring 5.1b 'from, since they have a larger diameter and the slot 33 can not protrude. In other words, the slot 33 is of width designed so that only the screw shaft of the screw 25 of this slot 33 can prevail. Since in the present case the service zone 5.1 has three material webs 31 which are offset at equal angular intervals in the circumferential direction, three radial access openings 35 are thereby created, the significance of which will be discussed below. Corresponding to this design, three elongated holes 33 seated in the circumferential direction in the region of the respective access opening 35 are formed in the lower connection ring 5.1 b '. These slots are used to ultimately secure the antenna in different angular orientation can. For it is possible, for example, to loosen and remove the screw 25 'lying on the left in the oblong hole, with the screw 25 "located on the right in each oblong hole being only slightly opened In this position, the service zone 5.1 can then be longitudinal about its vertical central axis 26 the arrow representation 28 are rotated counterclockwise until the mentioned the slot at the right end passing screw 25 "then comes to rest on each left end of the elongated hole 33 (Figure 7). In this case, in the free thread right in the slot 33 each lying a new screw screwed in and the left screw removed. Thus, the entire mast in secured position about its vertical central axis 26 can be completely rotated.

Nachfolgend wird auf die Tragkonstruktion des oberen Antennenabschnittes 3 eingegangen.Subsequently, the support structure of the upper antenna section 3 will be discussed.

Wie insbesondere aus der Querschnittsdarstellung gemäß Figur 8 zu ersehen ist, weist der obere Antennenabschnitt einen zentralen Tragkern 39 auf, der im gezeigten Ausführungsbeispiel im Querschnitt vorzugsweise dreieckförmig gestaltet ist, wobei sich an den Eckbereichen dieser im Querschnitt dreieckförmigen Konstruktion radial nach außen verlaufende Stege oder Rippen 40 anschließen. Allerdings sind diese Rippen oder Stege nicht zwingend notwendig. Sie können auch weggelassen oder durch andere Konstruktionsmaßnahmen ersetzt werden. Dieser Tragkern 39 kann aus beliebigem Material gefertigt sein, beispielsweise aus Metall (unter Umständen auch als Stranggussteil), aus Kunststoff oder beispielsweise aus Fiberglas etc. Im Prinzip kommen grundsätzlich die unterschiedlichsten Materialen in Betracht. Zwischen den Rippen 40 sind in Vertikalrichtung übereinander versetzt die Strahler 6 angeordnet.As can be seen, in particular, from the cross-sectional view according to FIG. 8, the upper antenna section has a central support core 39, which in the exemplary embodiment shown is preferably triangular in cross-section, with radially outwardly extending webs or ribs at the corner regions of this triangular construction 40 connect. However, these ribs or webs are not mandatory. They can also be omitted or replaced by other design measures. This support core 39 may be made of any material, for example made of metal (possibly also as a continuous casting), plastic or fiberglass, etc. In principle, the most diverse materials come into consideration. Between the ribs 40, the radiators 6 are arranged offset one above the other in the vertical direction.

An den radial nach außen vorstehenden Stegen schließt sich dann das Radom 41 an, das im gezeigten Ausführungsbeispiel Zylinderform aufweist. Das Radom besteht aus einem Material, welches die elektromagnetischen Wellen, vorzugsweise ohne jede Dämpfung oder nur mit geringer oder geringster Dämpfung hindurchlässt. Fiberglas ist hierfür ein geeignetes Material. Der Tragkern 39 und das Radom 41 können auch einstückig gebildet sein, also insgesamt aus die elektromagnetischen Wellen hindurch lassendem Material, vorzugsweise Fiberglas bestehen. Das Radom 41 kann aber auch von dem innenliegenden Tragkern 39 getrennt sein, wobei dann bevorzugt an der Innenumfangsfläche des Radoms 41 im Bereich der radial nach außen liegenden Enden der erwähnten Rippen oder Stege 40 Vorsprünge oder Nuten vorgesehen sind, worüber das Radom 41 verdrehsicher gehalten wird. Um nunmehr bei bestimmten Windgeschwindigkeiten ein unzulässiges und die gesamte Anordnung möglicherweise zerstörendes Aufschaukeln zu vermeiden, ist der obere Antennenabschnitt 3 so ausgebildet, dass das Radom 41 über eine oben liegende und eine unten liegende Dämpfungsanordnung 43 mit voreinstellbarer oder vordefinierbarer Kraft eingespannt gehalten wird, und zwar unter Zwischenfügung einer Dämpfungseinrichtung 45.At the radially outwardly projecting webs then joins the radome 41, which has cylindrical shape in the illustrated embodiment. The radome is made of a material which transmits the electromagnetic waves, preferably without any damping or only with low or very low damping. Fiberglass is a suitable material for this. The support core 39 and the radome 41 may also be integrally formed, that is, a total of the electromagnetic Waves passing material, preferably fiberglass exist. However, the radome 41 can also be separated from the inner support core 39, in which case protrusions or grooves are preferably provided on the inner circumferential surface of the radome 41 in the region of the radially outward ends of the mentioned ribs or webs 40, via which the radome 41 is held against rotation , In order to avoid now at certain wind speeds an inadmissible and the entire arrangement possibly destructive rocking, the upper antenna section 3 is formed so that the radome 41 is held clamped over an overhead and a lower damping assembly 43 with presettable or predefinable force, namely with the interposition of a damping device 45.

In Figur 9 wird beispielsweise das obere Ende dieser Konstruktion in explosionsartiger auseinander gezogener Darstellung wiedergegeben. Daraus ist zu entnehmen, dass in der dreieckförmigen Konstruktion des Tragkernes 39 drei Vertikalbohrungen 39' vorgesehen sind, durch welche hindurch unter Verwendung von Abstandshaltern Zugstangen 39" hindurch geführt werden, wobei die Abstandshalter dazu dienen, dass die Zugstangen 39" nicht mit der Innenwandung der Bohrung 39' im Wechsel wirken oder daran anschlagen können. In Figur 9 sind dabei zwei der Längslöcher 39' noch ohne eingesteckte Zugstange 39" gezeigt. Lediglich in der in Figur 9 zuvorderst liegenden Bohrung 39' ist eine Zugstange 39" bereits eingefügt, die noch nach oben axial übersteht, also noch nicht völlig in die Bohrung 39' eingesteckt wurde. Auf das stirnseitige obere Ende dieser Konstruktion wird dann die in Figur 9 gezeigte, vorzugsweise aus elastomerem Werkstoff bestehende Dämpfungseinrichtung 45 aufgelegt, die Teil der Dämpfungsanordnung 43 ist. Die Dämpfungseinrichtung 45 umgibt entsprechend der Schnittdarstellung gemäß Figur 10 zumindest den oberen Rand 41a des Radoms 41. Unter Aufsetzen des deckelförmigen oberen Druckaufnehmers 46 unter Zwischenfügung der erwähnten Dämpfungseinrichtung 45 wird dann das Radom 41 sowohl in Radialrichtung als auch in Axialrichtung durch das Dämpfungselement 45 druckbeaufschlagt, indem durch entsprechende Bohrungen 47 in dem oberen deckelförmigen Druckaufnehmer 43 Schrauben 48 eingedreht werden, die in stirnseitige Bohrungen der erwähnten Zugstangen 39" eingedreht sind, die die Bohrungen 39' im Tragkern 39 durchsetzen.In FIG. 9, for example, the upper end of this construction is reproduced in an exploded exploded view. From this it can be seen that in the triangular construction of the support core 39, three vertical bores 39 'are provided, through which tie rods 39 "are guided through using spacers, the spacers serving to ensure that the tie rods 39" do not interfere with the inner wall of the Bore 39 'act in alternation or can strike it. 9, two of the longitudinal holes 39 'are still shown without the inserted drawbar 39 "only in the hole 39' lying at the front in FIG Bore 39 'was inserted. On the frontal upper end of this construction is then shown in Figure 9, preferably made of elastomeric material damping device 45 launched, which is part of the damping assembly 43. According to the sectional view according to FIG. 10, the damping device 45 surrounds at least the upper edge 41a of the radome 41. Applying the cover-shaped upper pressure transducer 46 with interposition of the aforementioned damping device 45, the radome 41 is then pressurized both radially and axially by the damping element 45. by 43 screws 48 are screwed through corresponding holes 47 in the upper lid-shaped pressure transducer, which are screwed into the end-side holes of the mentioned tie rods 39 ", which pass through the holes 39 'in the support core 39.

Bei der Konstruktion gemäß Figuren 9 und 10 ist dabei der gesamte deckelförmige und nachfolgend teilweise auch als Anpresselement bezeichnete Druckaufnehmer 46 mittels einer entsprechend geformten Dämpfungseinrichtung 45 nicht nur mit dem außen liegenden zylinderförmigen Radom 41, sondern auch mit dem innen liegenden Tragkern 39 einschließlich der nach außen vorlaufenden Stege 40 über die Dämpfungseinrichtung 45 druckbeaufschlagt, weshalb die Dämpfungseinrichtung 45, d.h. das entsprechende Dämpferelement, einen ringförmigen auf den oberen Rand des Radoms aufsetzbaren Abschnitt 45a umfasst, drei in Umfangsrichtung versetzt liegende radial nach innen verlaufende Abschnitte 45b (unterhalb derer die Stege 40 des Tragkerns zu liegen kommen) und in der Mitte einen einfach oder mehrfach gegliederten Dämpfungsabschnitt 45c aufweist, in dem ebenfalls wieder Bohrungen oder Löcher 45d an den Stellen eingebracht sind, unterhalb derer die Bohrungen 39' im Tragkern 39 liegen. Von daher fluchten die Bohrungen 39' im Tragkern mit den Öffnungen 45d der Dämpfungseinrichtung 45 und den Bohrungen 47 in dem deckelförmigen Druckaufnehmer 46, also dem Anpresselement 46, so dass hierüber die erwähnten Schrauben 48 (Figur 9) durch die erwähnten Durchtrittsöffnungen und Bohrungen eingedreht werden können, und zwar in stirnseitige Innengewinde in den die Bohrungen 39' durchsetzenden Zugstangen 39". Insoweit kann die Dämpfungseinrichtung 45 an jeder Stirnseite zur dämpfenden Halterung des Radoms 41 einteilig oder einstückig oder mehrteilig ausgebildet sein.In the construction according to FIGS. 9 and 10, the entire cover-shaped pressure transducer 46, which is also referred to below as a pressure element, is not only provided with a correspondingly shaped damping device 45 with the outer cylindrical radome 41, but also with the inner support core 39, including the outward side leading webs 40 pressurized via the damping device 45, which is why the damping device 45, ie the corresponding damper element comprises an annular placed on the upper edge of the radome section 45a, three circumferentially offset radially inwardly extending portions 45b (below which the webs 40 of Support core come to rest) and in the middle of a single or multiple articulated damping section 45c, in which again holes or holes 45d are introduced at the points below which the holes 39 'in the support core 39 are. As a result, the bores 39 'in the support core are aligned with the openings 45d of the damping device 45 and the bores 47 in the cover-shaped pressure transducer 46, so the pressing member 46, so that hereby the mentioned screws 48 (Figure 9) can be screwed through said passages and holes, in frontal internal thread in the bores 39 'passing tie rods In that regard, the damping device 45 may be formed on each end face for damping support of the radome 41 in one piece or in one piece or in several parts.

Entsprechend ist die Konstruktion auf der Unterseite (Figur 11). Insgesamt wird die Konstruktion so gewählt, dass in gewissen Bereichen durch Festziehen der erwähnten Schrauben 48 eine in einem vordefinierten Bereich liegende Vorspannung des Dämpfungsmateriales erzielt wird, die auch bei entsprechend hohen Windgeschwindigkeiten die gewünschte Dämpfung der gesamten Konstruktion bewirkt und dadurch ein die Anlage insgesamt zerstörendes Aufschaukeln sicher unterbindet.Accordingly, the construction on the bottom (Figure 11). Overall, the design is chosen so that in certain areas by tightening the mentioned screws 48 a bias in a predefined area of the damping material is achieved, which causes the desired damping of the entire construction even with correspondingly high wind speeds and thereby a total of the plant destructive rocking safely prevented.

Abweichend zur Figur 9 ist anhand von Figur 12 lediglich gezeigt, dass die Dämpfungseinrichtung 45 vom Grunde her nur an dem oberen und dem unteren Randbereich des Radoms 41 vorgesehen sein muss, und dass der im gezeigten Ausführungsbeispiel deckelförmige Druckaufnehmer 46 auf dem Tragkern 39 fest aufliegen kann.Notwithstanding FIG. 9, it is merely shown with reference to FIG. 12 that the damping device 45 basically has to be provided only at the upper and lower edge regions of the radome 41, and that the pressure-sensing receiver 46 which is in the form of a cover-shaped depression in the exemplary embodiment shown can rest firmly on the support core 39 ,

Die Befestigung des unten liegenden deckelförmigen Anpresselementes oder Druckaufnehmers 46 ist im Prinzip vergleichbar zu dem erwähnten oben liegenden deckelförmigen Anpresselement oder Druckaufnehmer 46, wobei der wesentliche Unterschied darin besteht, dass im Falle des unten liegenden Deckelaufnehmers dieser weitere Durchtrittsöffnungen 50 aufweist, durch die die entsprechenden Anschlusskabel und Betätigungseinrichtungen von der Servicezone 5.1 in den Innenraum innerhalb des Radoms 41 in dem oberen Antennenabschnitt 3 hindurch geführt werden können. Mit anderen Worten sind also mit einer Vielzahl von Schrauben durch entsprechende Bohrungen in dem oberen Anschlussring 5.1 a' des Servicezonen-Trägers 5' von unten her in Vertikalrichtung eingedreht, und zwar in Gewindebohrungen 49, die von unten her in Vertikalrichtung verlaufend an der nach unten weisenden Anschlussseite 3.1 eingebracht sind. Dadurch wird eine feste Verbindung zwischen dem oberen und unteren Antennenabschnitt 3, 5 gewährleistet.The attachment of the underlying lid-shaped pressure element or pressure sensor 46 is in principle comparable to the above-mentioned cover-shaped pressing element or pressure sensor 46, the essential difference being that in the case of the lower lid receiver, these further through openings 50, through which the corresponding connection cables and actuators can be guided from the service zone 5.1 into the interior space inside the radome 41 in the upper antenna section 3. In other words, therefore, are screwed with a plurality of screws through corresponding holes in the upper connection ring 5.1 a 'of the service zone carrier 5' from below in the vertical direction, in threaded holes 49 extending from below in the vertical direction at the bottom facing connection side 3.1 are introduced. This ensures a firm connection between the upper and lower antenna sections 3, 5.

In der Servicezone 5.1 können durch die Zugangsöffnung 35 nunmehr problemlos die dort gegebenenfalls benötigten Komponenten eingebaut, bei Reparaturarbeiten ausgewechselt oder auch andere Komponenten nachgerüstet werden. So sind im gezeigten Ausführungsbeispiel gemäß Figur 13 drei Einheiten 51 gezeigt, die beispielsweise Verstärker (TMA oder TMB) oder beispielsweise sogenannte RET-Einheiten darstellen können, die zur fernsteuerbaren Einstellung und Veränderung des Down-Tilt-Winkels dienen können. Über derartige Einheiten kann dann beispielsweise ein Verstellmechanismus betätigt werden, der unterhalb des Radoms sitzende Phasenschieber zur Erzeugung gewünschter Phasenverschiebungen so einstellt, dass darüber der gewünschte Down-Tilt-Winkel einstellbar ist. Es wird bezüglich dieser Funktionsweise grundsätzlich auf die vorveröffentlichten Lösungen gemäß der WO 02/061877 A2 sowie der WO 01/13459 A1 verwiesen.In the service zone 5.1 can now be easily installed through the access opening 35 there, if necessary, components replaced in repair work or other components can be retrofitted. Thus, in the exemplary embodiment shown in FIG. 13, three units 51 are shown, which may represent, for example, amplifiers (TMA or TMB) or, for example, so-called RET units which can be used for remote setting and modification of the down-tilt angle. By means of such units, an adjustment mechanism can then be actuated, for example, which adjusts phase shifters below the radome to produce desired phase shifts so that the desired down-tilt angle can be set. With regard to this mode of operation, reference is generally made to the previously published solutions according to WO 02/061877 A2 and WO 01/13459 A1.

Aus Figur 14 ist ferner zu ersehen, dass die Antennenanordnung grundsätzlich durch weitere Servicezonen 5.2 etc. ergänzt werden kann. Bevorzugt sind dabei alle Servicezonen - auch wenn sie sich in ihrer Axiallänge unterscheiden sollten - zumindest bezüglich ihrer oben und unten liegenden Anschlussseiten gleich ausgebildet, so dass beispielsweise gemäß Figur 14 noch eine weitere Servicezone 5.2 axial zwischengeschaltet werden kann.It can also be seen from FIG. 14 that the antenna arrangement can in principle be supplemented by further service zones 5.2, etc. In this case, all service zones - even if they should differ in their axial length - are preferably of identical design at least with respect to their connection sides at the top and bottom, so that, for example, according to FIG. 14, a further service zone 5.2 can be interposed axially.

Da bei abgenommenen Deckeln 53 (Figur 1), mittels derer grundsätzlich die Zugangsöffnung 35 verschließbar ist, ein freier Zugang zum Innenraum 36 (Figur 5) im Bereich der einen oder mehreren Servicezonen gegeben ist, kann von dort aus beliebig eine Anschlussverbindung von den unten liegenden Anschlussenden der dort endenden Kabel so zu den an der Unterseite des oberen Antennenabschnittes 3 befindlichen weiteren Anschlussstellen der dort zu den einzelnen Strahlerelementen oder Phasenschiebern etc. hergestellt werden. Bei Bedarf können beliebige elektrische/elektronische Baugruppen zwischengeschaltet, repariert, ausgewechselt oder nachgerüstet werden.Since with removed covers 53 (Figure 1), by means of which in principle the access opening 35 is closed, a free access to the interior 36 (Figure 5) in the region of one or more service zones is given, from there any connection from the bottom Connection ends of the cable ending there so to the located at the bottom of the upper antenna section 3 further connection points of there to the individual radiator elements or phase shifters, etc. are produced. If required, any electrical / electronic components can be interposed, repaired, replaced or retrofitted.

Bei Figur 1 ist in der Servicezone 5.1 ein Deckel 53 angedeutet. Es kann sich hierbei um einen abnehmbaren und/oder beispielsweise einen, vorzugsweise um eine vertikale Drehachse nach außen verschwenkbaren Deckel handeln, um einen freien Zugang zur Servicezone zu schaffen. Der Deckel kann aber auch gleichzeitig durch eine Gehäusewand eines eingebauten Moduls 51 gebildet sein. Dadurch kann die von dem Modul erzeugte Wärme besonders gut nach außen abgeleitet werden.In Figure 1, a lid 53 is indicated in the service zone 5.1. It may be a removable and / or, for example, a preferably pivotable about a vertical axis of rotation to the outside lid to provide free access to the service area. The cover can also be formed simultaneously by a housing wall of a built-in module 51. As a result, the heat generated by the module can be dissipated particularly well to the outside.

Dieser Deckel 53 kann kleiner sein als die Gesamtöffnung zum Innenraum 36 der Servicezone. Von daher kann der Dekkel also auch zweiteilig ausgebildet sein, nämlich einen Deckelrahmen umfassen, in welchem nochmals eine Öffnung eingebracht ist, in der dann die Gehäusewand des Moduls als Deckelabschlussseite zu liegen kommt.This lid 53 may be smaller than the total opening to the interior 36 of the service zone. Therefore, therefore, the lid may also be formed in two parts, namely comprise a cover frame, in which again an opening is introduced, in which then comes the housing wall of the module as the cover end side.

Anhand von Figur 15 ist nur grundsätzlich gezeigt, dass die Antennenbasis 7 von ihrer Formgebung oder Dimensionierung auch anders gestaltet sein kann, in diesem Ausführungsbeispiel also mit geringem Durchmesser versehen ist. Dies bietet eventuell die Möglichkeit, Kabel an der Außenseite einer derartigen mastförmigen Antennenbasis 7 hochzuführen und dann an der Unterseite der ersten sich daran anschließenden Servicezone 5.1 von unten her in den Innenraum 36 in die Servicezone 5 hineinzuführen.On the basis of FIG. 15 it is only shown in principle that the antenna base 7 can also be designed differently from its shape or dimensioning, in other words it is provided with a small diameter in this exemplary embodiment. This possibly offers the possibility of leading cables up the outside of such a mast-shaped antenna base 7 and then guiding them into the interior of the service zone 5 from below into the interior 36 at the bottom of the first adjoining service zone 5.1.

Claims (26)

  1. Antenna system having the following features:
    - the antenna system has a mounting core (39),
    - the mounting core (39) is surrounded by an antenna housing (41) in the form of a radome (41),
    - antenna elements for receiving and/or transmitting are arranged between the mounting core (39) and the radome (41),
    characterized by the following further features:
    - the radome (41) is held and anchored elastically via at least two damping arrangements (43), which are offset with respect to one another in the axial direction, at the upper and lower ends of the radome (41), and
    - the radome (41) is held clamped in with a force or prestress, which can be set in advance or is defined in advance, via the damping arrangement (43) which is located at the top and the damping arrangement (43) which is located at the bottom.
  2. Antenna system according to Claim 1, characterized in that the two damping arrangements (43), which are arranged axially offset with respect to one another, each have a damping device (45) which, at least in places, rests on the external circumference on the upper edge and/or on the lower edge of the radome (41).
  3. Antenna system according to Claim 2, characterized in that the damping device (45) rests at least in places on the upper edge and/or on the lower edge of the internal circumference of the radome (41).
  4. Antenna system according to Claim 2 or 3, characterized in that, at the upper end of the radome (41), the damping device (45) rests on that end face of the radome (41) which points upwards, and/or, at the lower end of the radome (41), it rests on that end face of the radome (41) which points downwards.
  5. Antenna system according to one of Claims 2 to 4, characterized in that the upper damping device (45) and/or the lower damping device (45) clasps or clasp the upper or lower edge of the radome (41) such that it completely surrounds the end face.
  6. Antenna system according to Claim 5, characterized in that the damping device (45) is composed of a damping material which is prestressed or precompressed as it rests on the radome (41).
  7. Antenna system according to Claim 6, characterized in that the damping device (45) is held pressed against the radome (41) with prestressing which can be selected in advance.
  8. Antenna system according to one of Claims 2 to 7, characterized in that a pressure element (46) is provided at the upper and/or lower edge of the radome (41) and applies pressure to the upper or to the lower end of the radome (41), preferably with prestressing which can be selected in advance and with the interposition of the damping device (45).
  9. Antenna system according to Claim 8, characterized in that the pressure element (46) which is provided at the upper end of the radome (41) is supported on the mounting core (39) and can be adjusted in the axial direction of the mounting core (39), in that the pressure element (46) applies pressure to the damping device (45), producing corresponding prestressing forces, which damping device (45) is in turn supported, in a pressure-loaded form, on the adjacent external circumference, on the internal circumference and/or in the axial direction on the associated end face of the radome (41).
  10. Antenna system according to Claim 8 or 9, characterized in that the pressure element (46) which is provided at the lower end of the radome (41) is supported on the mounting core (39) and can be adjusted in the axial direction of the mounting core (39), in that the pressure element (46) applies pressure to the damping device (45), producing corresponding prestressing forces, which damping device is in turn supported, in a pressure-loaded form, on the adjacent external circumference, on the internal circumference and/or in the axial direction on the associated end face of the radome (41).
  11. Antenna system according to one of Claims 6 to 10, characterized in that the damping device (45) is also provided in the internal area of the radome (41), between the pressure element (46) and the mounting core (39).
  12. Antenna system according to one of Claims 6 to 11, characterized in that the damping device (45) is also provided between the pressure element (46) and the webs (40) which run between the mounting core (39) and the inner face of the radome (41).
  13. Antenna system according to one of Claims 1 to 12, characterized in that the opposite end faces of the radome (41) are held in an elastically prestressed manner between an upper and a lower pressure element (46), with the interposition of a damping device (45) in each case, in which case these upper and lower pressure elements (46) can be braced with respect to one another, preferably via one or more tie rods (39") which run between the two pressure elements (46).
  14. Antenna system according to one of Claims 1 to 13, characterized in that the radome (41) together with the mounting core (39) and the antenna elements for reception and/or transmission forms an upper antenna section (3), below which a service zone (5.1) is provided as the lower antenna section (5), with the service zone (5.1) being provided with at least one access opening (35), which is provided in the antenna housing, to an internal area (36) in the service zone (5.1).
  15. Antenna system according to Claim 14, characterized in that the service zone (5.1) is in the form of a mount (5') which is firmly connected or can be connected on its upper end face (5.1a) at least indirectly to the lower face of the upper antenna system (3), and in that the end lower face (5.1b) of the mount (5') can be mounted on an antenna base (7).
  16. Antenna system according to one of Claims 14 and 15, characterized in that at least two, and preferably at least three openings (35) which can be closed are formed in the mount (5') which is used as the service zone (5.1), preferably running in the circumferential direction.
  17. Antenna system according to Claim 16, characterized in that the openings (35) can be closed by covers (53).
  18. Antenna system according to Claim 16, characterized in that the opening (35) can be closed by means of modules (51) which are provided in the internal area (36) of the service zone (5.1) or can be mounted there, so that at least a portion of the housing wall of one module is used as a closing cover (53) for the opening (35) in the service zone (5.1).
  19. Antenna system according to one of Claims 8 to 18, characterized in that the lower end face and mounting face on the antenna system is formed by the pressure element (46) which is arranged at the bottom.
  20. Antenna system according to one of Claims 14 to 19, characterized in that the connecting ends and/or the connecting points or connectors on the cables end in the area of the service zone (5; 5.1, 5.2), in the internal area (36) which is provided there, and are on the one hand fed in via the antenna base (7), and in that, furthermore, the connecting ends and/or the connecting points or connectors on the cables end in the area of the service zone (5; 5.1, 5.2), in the internal area (36) which is provided there, and lead to the antenna elements which are accommodated in the upper antenna section (3), and in that these connecting ends and/or connecting points or connectors on the cables and lines under discussion can be connected in the area of the service zone (5.1), possibly via electrical modules and units which are accommodated there, or directly via connecting cables.
  21. Antenna system according to Claim 20, characterized in that the cables or cable ends which are passed through the antenna base (7) are held and anchored by means of strain-relief devices.
  22. Antenna system according to one of Claims 14 to 21, characterized in that the service zone (5.1) comprises a mount with an upper and a lower mounting plate, with the upper end face having a central section which is used as a mounting section for the mounting core (39).
  23. Antenna system according to one of Claims 14 to 22, characterized in that the mount (5) on the service zone (5.1) has a central aperture opening on its lower end face.
  24. Antenna system according to one of Claims 14 to 23, characterized in that the service zone (5.1) comprises one or more mounts (5.1, 5.2) which are arranged axially one above the other and can be axially fixed to one another.
  25. Antenna system according to one of Claims 14 to 24, characterized in that the mount on the service zone (5.1) is preferably provided on its lower contact end face with elongated holes (33) which are located offset in the circumferential direction, preferably with elongated holes (33) which are in the form of partial circles and whose lengths are designed such that at least two bolts (25), which are located offset in the circumferential direction, pass through the elongated hole (33) and can be screwed into the mounting plate (which is located underneath this elongated hole (33)) in the antenna base (7) or into an end-face mounting plate (which is located underneath the elongated hole (33)) in a further service zone (5.1, 5.2).
  26. Antenna system according to one of Claims 14 to 25, characterized in that widely differing antenna modules can be accommodated in the internal area (36) of the service zone (5.1), in particular amplifiers (TMA, TMB) and units which can be controlled remotely in order to set different depression angles for the antenna element device.
EP04741221A 2003-08-06 2004-07-22 Antenna system provided with a radome, damping device and a service area Expired - Lifetime EP1606855B1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (3)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE10336073 2003-08-06
DE10336073A DE10336073A1 (en) 2003-08-06 2003-08-06 antenna array
PCT/EP2004/008203 WO2005018042A1 (en) 2003-08-06 2004-07-22 Antenna system provided with a radome, damping device and a service area

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP1606855A1 EP1606855A1 (en) 2005-12-21
EP1606855B1 true EP1606855B1 (en) 2007-01-17

Family

ID=34177327

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP04741221A Expired - Lifetime EP1606855B1 (en) 2003-08-06 2004-07-22 Antenna system provided with a radome, damping device and a service area

Country Status (9)

Country Link
EP (1) EP1606855B1 (en)
KR (1) KR101100977B1 (en)
CN (1) CN2699491Y (en)
AT (1) ATE352107T1 (en)
BR (1) BRPI0412998A (en)
DE (2) DE10336073A1 (en)
ES (1) ES2279397T3 (en)
TW (1) TW200507339A (en)
WO (1) WO2005018042A1 (en)

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* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE102007006559B3 (en) * 2007-02-09 2008-09-11 Kathrein-Werke Kg Mobile antenna, in particular for a base station
CN106129619B (en) * 2016-08-24 2021-09-07 广东通宇通讯股份有限公司 Integrated antenna integrated with tower top amplifier module
WO2018165081A1 (en) * 2017-03-06 2018-09-13 Commscope Technologies Llc Modular monopole for wireless communications
CN110401036A (en) * 2018-04-24 2019-11-01 康普技术有限责任公司 Linkage mechanism for antenna for base station
CN112789766B (en) 2018-09-20 2024-05-10 康普技术有限责任公司 Urban cell antenna configured to be installed around a utility pole

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Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
KR101100977B1 (en) 2011-12-29
WO2005018042A1 (en) 2005-02-24
DE10336073A1 (en) 2005-03-10
ATE352107T1 (en) 2007-02-15
EP1606855A1 (en) 2005-12-21
DE502004002676D1 (en) 2007-03-08
ES2279397T3 (en) 2007-08-16
KR20060041167A (en) 2006-05-11
TWI335103B (en) 2010-12-21
BRPI0412998A (en) 2006-10-03
TW200507339A (en) 2005-02-16
CN2699491Y (en) 2005-05-11

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