EP1598447A1 - Process and apparatus for pickling hollow rotationally symmmetrical workpiece - Google Patents

Process and apparatus for pickling hollow rotationally symmmetrical workpiece Download PDF

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Publication number
EP1598447A1
EP1598447A1 EP05291048A EP05291048A EP1598447A1 EP 1598447 A1 EP1598447 A1 EP 1598447A1 EP 05291048 A EP05291048 A EP 05291048A EP 05291048 A EP05291048 A EP 05291048A EP 1598447 A1 EP1598447 A1 EP 1598447A1
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EP
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Prior art keywords
product
tank
pickling
stripping
cavities
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Granted
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EP05291048A
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German (de)
French (fr)
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EP1598447B1 (en
Inventor
Patrick Dechard
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Safran Aircraft Engines SAS
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SNECMA SAS
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    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
    • C23G—CLEANING OR DE-GREASING OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY CHEMICAL METHODS OTHER THAN ELECTROLYSIS
    • C23G3/00—Apparatus for cleaning or pickling metallic material

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a method of stripping a part hollow of revolution, especially a hollow part of large dimensions, such as the wheel of a turbine with annular cavities separated by discs welded together.
  • the domain preferred application of the invention relates to the chemical dissolution of the Contaminated layer rich in oxygen, commonly called layer "Alpha-case” which is formed on such a piece of titanium alloy, during the heat treatment thereof.
  • a titanium alloy turbine wheel of the type indicated above is deemed difficult to access internally given the plurality of adjacent annular cavities defined therein between discs, welded together, which constitutes it.
  • Heat treatment necessary for the development of this piece has the consequence of making appear on the surface of it (externally as well as internally) a contaminated layer a few tens of microns thick, rich in oxygen called "alpha-case layer".
  • alpha-case layer a contaminated layer a few tens of microns thick, rich in oxygen
  • the invention proposes a stripping process allowing dissolve the contaminated layer, simultaneously outside as well as inside, making sure that chemical dissolution occurs uniformly.
  • the invention therefore relates to a method of stripping a hollow part of revolution, characterized in that it consists rotate said workpiece about its oriented axis of rotation horizontally, to partially immerse said piece in a tank filled with cleaner so that it penetrates into the interior of said part, to rotate said part during said stripping and to constantly pump the cleaning product into the room while maintaining substantially constant the level of product stripper relative to said piece.
  • the pumped product thus pumped is advantageously reintroduced into the tank outside the room. Since the cavities have different volumes, pumping can be operated in removing the stripping product in these cavities, simultaneously but adjusting the flows between them, substantially in proportion to the respective volumes of these cavities.
  • the piece is extracted from the product bath stripper while continuing the pumping inside thereof.
  • the rotation is preferably continued during the extraction of the workpiece.
  • the extraction of the piece takes place in a relatively short time of the order 30 seconds.
  • the piece is transported to a bath of product neutralizing and diving into it.
  • the rotation is preferably continued during this rinsing phase.
  • the neutralizing product can for example, be water.
  • the removal of the contaminated layer takes place at with the aid of a stripping product consisting, for example, of a mixture nitric acid and hydrofluoric acid.
  • the invention also relates to a pickling plant of a hollow part of revolution, characterized in that it comprises a support equipped with means for gripping and driving in rotation of said part, arranged to hold it and to cause it to rotate around its axis of rotation oriented horizontally, a tank of product stripper, means for lowering said part in said tank and for partially immersing it in said stripper product, means for pumping to continuously remove the remover product inside of said piece and means for maintaining a level substantially constant stripping product relative to said piece.
  • the discharge outlet of the pumping means is arranged to reintroduce the pumped product into the tank, outside the room.
  • the pumping means may comprise several suction ducts plunging respectively in said cavities.
  • suction ducts are flexible ducts communicating with a manifold connected to the same pump. These suction ducts can be have calibrated flow restrictions. In this case the section of each restriction is calculated according to the volume of the cavity in which plunges the corresponding suction duct.
  • the installation may also include a product tank neutralizing and means for transferring the piece of the product tank stripper to the tank of neutralizing product.
  • the installation 11, shown, comprises a support 13 equipped with means for gripping and driving in rotation 17 of a piece hollow of revolution 19 to be stripped.
  • this piece the wheel or central part of a turbojet turbine.
  • This is a piece of complex shape constituted by a plurality of discs 21 welded between them and internally defining coaxial annular cavities 23, adjacent axially, difficult to access.
  • the treatment thermal system to which such a piece of titanium alloy is subjected appear on the surface thereof a commonly contaminated layer called "alpha-case layer" that it is desirable to eliminate. The stripping the inner surface of this piece was so far considered impracticable.
  • the support 13 comprises a kind of gantry 25 carrying at its upper part, attached to a platform 27, all means (motor and electromechanical components) for gripping and the drive in rotation of the part 19. More precisely, an engine electrical 29 causes a support 31 of horizontal axis, carried by a amount 32 extending under the platform 27. The support 31 is driven through a set of pinions 33. This support is consistent and sized to fit an end 36 of the workpiece. Said support 31 is widely openwork not to impede the circulation of a liquid to the interior of the room, in particular a stripping product or a product neutralizing or rinsing. A non-motorized rotating element 37 three arms 38 coming to fit the other end 39 of the room. The element rotating is carried by a vertical amount 41 mounted under the platform 27.
  • the assembly moves axially to allow the installation of the room.
  • Said support 31 and said rotating element 37 admit the same horizontal axis. Once in place, the room is maintained between them being centered by the two circular ends 36 and 39. It can therefore rotate around its own axis of rotation placed in position horizontal.
  • the piece is brought under the gantry 25 being carried by a forklift 46 (FIGS. and 3) and is placed between the support 31 and the arms 38. It can therefore be rotated by the engine 29.
  • the platform 27 also carries a pump 50 whose inlet 51 is connected to a conduit whose end 53 is arranged axially (x'x axis) and connected to a collector 54, rigid and removable, susceptible to be installed axially inside the room, as shown. of the suction ducts 55, flexible, are connected to this manifold 54.
  • Each conduit 55 dips into one of the cavities 23 when the collector 54 and the piece 19 are in place on the support 13, as visible on the Figure 1.
  • the length of a conduit depends on the cavity that corresponds to it so that its lower end is in the vicinity of the wall interior of the room in its most deeply submerged part, that is to say at the bottom of said corresponding cavity.
  • the means of pumping (50, 54, 55) are adapted to continuously take the product stripper inside the room and at the bottom of each cavity, when said part is partially immersed in a tank 59 of product stripper ( Figure 5). If the piece to be stripped was of a different nature and did not include, in particular, several cavities, the suction system to the interior of the room could be simplified and include, for example, only one flexible pipe plunging into the deepest part.
  • a level detector 60 is placed on the gantry and the installation comprises means for adjusting the position of the support 13 (in height) so that said part is partially immersed up to a height predetermined, for example, according to the example, up to its axis of rotation xx '.
  • the support 13 that is to say the gantry itself, which is immersed in the tank.
  • lifting means 61 making by example part of a crane or similar, installed on the site.
  • said lifting means make it possible to adjust the position of the support 13 and by consequent of the piece 19 in the tank; they are for this purpose driven by the level detector 60, which is fixed on the support at a location as it detects the surface of the cleaner bath when the piece is immersed substantially to the x'x axis.
  • Lifting means can be slaved to the detected level, to maintain the level 60 detector on the surface of the cleaner bath.
  • the installation comprises means for maintain a substantially constant level of cleaner product by relative to said piece.
  • the pumping means take stripper product at the bottom of the room
  • the pump 50 is arranged to continuously recycle the paint remover into the tank, outside the 19.
  • a conduit 56 connected to the discharge outlet 52 of the pump plunges into the tank. This recycling makes it possible in practice to maintain the level of stripper product at a constant level in the tank from then on that the support 13 has been immersed in it at a determined depth by the level 60 detector.
  • the cleaner is pumped permanently in the cavities 23 and at the bottom thereof, and then recycled in the tank outside the room, the activity of the cleaner product is maintained homogeneous in all points of the tank.
  • To determine the time of treatment necessary taking into account the activity of the product stripper (which gradually wears out) simply stripping at a specimen having undergone the same heat treatment as the piece and deduce a stripping time for said piece.
  • At least some suction ducts 55 are provided calibrated flow restrictions 65 (upstream of the manifold 54), the section of each restriction being calculated according to the volume of the cavity in which plunges the corresponding suction duct. This keeps the level of cleaning product constant in the room itself, especially at the end of stripping during the time when the said piece is extracted from the tank and continues to be emptied.
  • the pumping is balanced between the cavities, which makes it possible to standardize the stripping in these.
  • the installation also includes a tank of neutralizing product 62, located near the tank 59 and means for transferring the piece 19 (in this case, here, the whole of the piece and the portico 25) from the tank 59 to the tank 62.
  • These means are here constituted by the lifting means 61 previously mentioned.
  • the Stripper product is a mixture of nitric acid and hydrofluoric acid.
  • the neutralizing product is water.
  • the product flow rates taken from the cavities are adjusted to each other substantially proportionally to the respective volumes of these cavities.
  • This flow adjustment is achieved through flow restrictions 65, differently calibrated.
  • we extract the piece of bath by raising again the support 13 while continuing the pumping inside the room so that the product level stripper remaining inside the room gradually decreases thanks pumping but remains substantially equal in all cavities.
  • the rotation of the room is advantageously continued throughout the rinsing phase, likewise than recycling.

Abstract

The procedure consists of turning the component about its axis of rotation, positioned horizontally while partially immersed in a tank (59) filled with a descaling product such as a mixture of hydrofluoric and nitric acid. During immersion the product is recycled, being pumped continuously into the inside of the component and maintained at a constant level. It is pumped into the inner cavities at a rate proportional to their respective volumes. After descaling, the component is plunged into a bath of a neutralising product such as water.

Description

L'invention se rapporte à un procédé de décapage d'une pièce creuse de révolution, notamment une pièce creuse de grandes dimensions, comme par exemple la roue d'une turbine comportant des cavités annulaires séparées par des disques soudés entre eux. Le domaine d'application privilégié de l'invention concerne la dissolution chimique de la couche contaminée riche en oxygène, communément appelée couche « alpha-case » qui se forme sur une telle pièce en alliage de titane, lors du traitement thermique de celle-ci.The invention relates to a method of stripping a part hollow of revolution, especially a hollow part of large dimensions, such as the wheel of a turbine with annular cavities separated by discs welded together. The domain preferred application of the invention relates to the chemical dissolution of the Contaminated layer rich in oxygen, commonly called layer "Alpha-case" which is formed on such a piece of titanium alloy, during the heat treatment thereof.

Une roue de turbine en alliage de titane du genre indiqué ci-dessus est réputée difficile d'accès intérieurement compte tenu de la pluralité de cavités annulaires adjacentes définies dans celle-ci entre les disques, soudés ensemble, qui la constitue. Le traitement thermique nécessaire à l'élaboration de cette pièce a pour conséquence de faire apparaítre à la surface de celle-ci (extérieurement comme intérieurement) une couche contaminée de quelques dizaines de microns d'épaisseur, riche en oxygène appelée « couche alpha-case ». Actuellement, on se contente de décaper l'extérieur de la pièce, le décapage intérieur ayant été jusqu'à présent considéré comme hasardeux.A titanium alloy turbine wheel of the type indicated above is deemed difficult to access internally given the plurality of adjacent annular cavities defined therein between discs, welded together, which constitutes it. Heat treatment necessary for the development of this piece has the consequence of making appear on the surface of it (externally as well as internally) a contaminated layer a few tens of microns thick, rich in oxygen called "alpha-case layer". Currently, we are glad to stripped the outside of the room, the interior stripping having been so far considered hazardous.

Or, la présence de cette couche contaminée est à l'origine de la formation de fissures qui réduit considérablement la durée de vie de la pièce.However, the presence of this contaminated layer is at the origin of the crack formation that dramatically reduces the life of the room.

L'invention propose un procédé de décapage permettant de dissoudre la couche contaminée, simultanément à l'extérieur comme à l'intérieur, en faisant en sorte que la dissolution chimique se produise uniformément.The invention proposes a stripping process allowing dissolve the contaminated layer, simultaneously outside as well as inside, making sure that chemical dissolution occurs uniformly.

Plus particulièrement, l'invention concerne donc un Procédé de décapage d'une pièce creuse de révolution, caractérisé en ce qu'il consiste faire tourner ladite pièce autour de son axe de rotation orienté horizontalement, à immerger partiellement ladite pièce dans une cuve remplie de produit décapant de façon que celui-ci pénètre à l'intérieur de ladite pièce, à faire tourner ladite pièce pendant ledit décapage et à pomper en permanence le produit décapant à l'intérieur de ladite pièce tout en maintenant sensiblement constant le niveau de produit décapant par rapport à ladite pièce.More particularly, the invention therefore relates to a method of stripping a hollow part of revolution, characterized in that it consists rotate said workpiece about its oriented axis of rotation horizontally, to partially immerse said piece in a tank filled with cleaner so that it penetrates into the interior of said part, to rotate said part during said stripping and to constantly pump the cleaning product into the room while maintaining substantially constant the level of product stripper relative to said piece.

Le fait d'immerger partiellement la pièce tout en la faisant tourner permet d'uniformiser la profondeur de décapage sur toute la surface de la pièce, à l'intérieur comme à l'extérieur. En particulier, cette solution est préférable à une simple immersion totale de la pièce dans le bain de produit décapant, impraticable en pratique, en raison des bulles d'air qui restent emprisonnées à l'intérieur de la pièce.Partially immersing the piece while doing so turn allows to uniformize the depth of stripping on the whole surface of the room, inside and outside. In particular, this solution is better than a simple total immersion of the piece in the product bath cleaner, impractical in practice, because of the bubbles of air that remain trapped inside the room.

Par exemple, on peut immerger la pièce sensiblement jusqu'à son axe de rotation.For example, one can immerse the piece substantially until its axis of rotation.

Le produit décapant ainsi pompé est avantageusement réintroduit dans la cuve à l'extérieur de la pièce. Etant donné que les cavités ont des volumes différents, le pompage peut être opéré en prélevant le produit décapant dans ces cavités, simultanément mais en ajustant les débits entre eux, sensiblement proportionnellement aux volumes respectifs de ces cavités.The pumped product thus pumped is advantageously reintroduced into the tank outside the room. Since the cavities have different volumes, pumping can be operated in removing the stripping product in these cavities, simultaneously but adjusting the flows between them, substantially in proportion to the respective volumes of these cavities.

De cette façon, le renouvellement du produit décapant à l'intérieur des cavités s'opère régulièrement, le produit ayant à tout moment la même efficacité (ou pour ainsi dire, le même degré d'épuisement) dans toutes les cavités. Par exemple, on peut prévoir plusieurs conduits de pompage plongeant respectivement dans les cavités, les débits étant ajustés par des restrictions d'écoulement différemment calibrées.In this way, the renewal of the cleaner product to the interior of the cavities operates regularly, the product having moment the same efficiency (or so to speak, the same degree exhaustion) in all cavities. For example, we can predict a plurality of pumping ducts immersing respectively in the cavities, flow rates being adjusted by flow restrictions differently calibrated.

A la fin du décapage, la pièce est extraite du bain de produit décapant tout en poursuivant le pompage à l'intérieur de celle-ci. La rotation est de préférence poursuivie pendant l'extraction de la pièce. L'extraction de la pièce s'opère en un temps relativement bref de l'ordre de 30 secondes. Puis, la pièce est transportée vers un bain de produit neutralisant et plongée dans celui-ci. La rotation est de préférence poursuivie pendant cette phase de rinçage. Le produit neutralisant peut par exemple être de l'eau. L'élimination de la couche contaminée s'opère à l'aide d'un produit décapant constitué, par exemple, par un mélange d'acide nitrique et d'acide fluorhydrique.At the end of the stripping, the piece is extracted from the product bath stripper while continuing the pumping inside thereof. The rotation is preferably continued during the extraction of the workpiece. The extraction of the piece takes place in a relatively short time of the order 30 seconds. Then the piece is transported to a bath of product neutralizing and diving into it. The rotation is preferably continued during this rinsing phase. The neutralizing product can for example, be water. The removal of the contaminated layer takes place at with the aid of a stripping product consisting, for example, of a mixture nitric acid and hydrofluoric acid.

L'invention concerne également une installation de décapage d'une pièce creuse de révolution, caractérisée en ce qu'elle comporte un support équipé de moyens de préhension et d'entraínement en rotation de ladite pièce, agencés pour la maintenir et l'entraíner en rotation autour de son axe de rotation orienté horizontalement, une cuve de produit décapant, des moyens pour abaisser ladite pièce dans ladite cuve et pour l'immerger partiellement dans ledit produit décapant, des moyens de pompage pour prélever en permanence du produit décapant à l'intérieur de ladite pièce et des moyens pour maintenir un niveau sensiblement constant de produit décapant par rapport à ladite pièce.The invention also relates to a pickling plant of a hollow part of revolution, characterized in that it comprises a support equipped with means for gripping and driving in rotation of said part, arranged to hold it and to cause it to rotate around its axis of rotation oriented horizontally, a tank of product stripper, means for lowering said part in said tank and for partially immersing it in said stripper product, means for pumping to continuously remove the remover product inside of said piece and means for maintaining a level substantially constant stripping product relative to said piece.

La sortie de refoulement des moyens de pompage est agencée pour réintroduire le produit pompé dans la cuve, à l'extérieur de la pièce.The discharge outlet of the pumping means is arranged to reintroduce the pumped product into the tank, outside the room.

Dans le cas où la pièce est une roue de rotor à disques soudés, les moyens de pompage peuvent comporter plusieurs conduits d'aspiration plongeant respectivement dans lesdites cavités.In the case where the part is a rotor wheel with welded disks, the pumping means may comprise several suction ducts plunging respectively in said cavities.

Pour faciliter la mise en place du système d'aspiration, les conduits d'aspiration sont des conduits souples communiquant avec un collecteur relié à une même pompe. Ces conduits d'aspiration peuvent être munis de restrictions d'écoulement calibrées. Dans ce cas la section de chaque restriction est calculée en fonction du volume de la cavité dans laquelle plonge le conduit d'aspiration correspondant.To facilitate the installation of the suction system, suction ducts are flexible ducts communicating with a manifold connected to the same pump. These suction ducts can be have calibrated flow restrictions. In this case the section of each restriction is calculated according to the volume of the cavity in which plunges the corresponding suction duct.

L'installation peut aussi comporter une cuve de produit neutralisant et des moyens pour transférer la pièce de la cuve de produit décapant jusqu'à la cuve de produit neutralisant.The installation may also include a product tank neutralizing and means for transferring the piece of the product tank stripper to the tank of neutralizing product.

L'invention sera mieux comprise et d'autres avantages de celle-ci apparaítront plus clairement à la lumière de la description qui va suivre d'une installation de décapage conforme à son principe, donnée uniquement à titre d'exemple et faite en référence aux dessins annexés dans lesquels :

  • la figure 1 est une vue schématique en élévation et en coupe partielle d'une partie de l'installation conforme à l'invention ;
  • la figure 2 est une vue analogue à la figure 1 illustrant plus particulièrement la mise en place de la pièce dans l'installation de décapage ;
  • la figure 3 est une vue selon la flèche III de la figure 2 ; et
  • les figures 4 à 7 sont des vues schématiques à plus petite échelle de la même installation, illustrant différentes opérations du processus de décapage.
The invention will be better understood and other advantages thereof will appear more clearly in the light of the following description of a stripping installation in accordance with its principle, given solely by way of example and made with reference to drawings in which:
  • Figure 1 is a schematic elevational view in partial section of a portion of the installation according to the invention;
  • Figure 2 is a view similar to Figure 1 illustrating more particularly the introduction of the part in the pickling installation;
  • Figure 3 is a view along the arrow III of Figure 2; and
  • Figures 4 to 7 are schematic views on a smaller scale of the same installation, illustrating different operations of the stripping process.

L'installation 11, représentée comporte un support 13 équipé de moyens de préhension et d'entraínement en rotation 17 d'une pièce creuse de révolution 19 à décaper. On reconnaít dans cette pièce la roue ou partie centrale d'une turbine de turbo réacteur. Il s'agit d'une pièce de forme complexe constituée par une pluralité de disques 21 soudés entre eux et définissant intérieurement des cavités annulaires coaxiales 23, adjacentes axialement, difficiles d'accès. On sait que le traitement thermique auquel on soumet une telle pièce en alliage de titane fait apparaítre à la surface de celle-ci une couche contaminée couramment appelée « couche alpha-case » qu'il est souhaitable d'éliminer. Le décapage de la surface intérieure de cette pièce était jusqu'à présent considéré comme impraticable.The installation 11, shown, comprises a support 13 equipped with means for gripping and driving in rotation 17 of a piece hollow of revolution 19 to be stripped. We recognize in this piece the wheel or central part of a turbojet turbine. This is a piece of complex shape constituted by a plurality of discs 21 welded between them and internally defining coaxial annular cavities 23, adjacent axially, difficult to access. We know that the treatment thermal system to which such a piece of titanium alloy is subjected appear on the surface thereof a commonly contaminated layer called "alpha-case layer" that it is desirable to eliminate. The stripping the inner surface of this piece was so far considered impracticable.

Le support 13 comporte une sorte de portique 25 portant à sa partie supérieure, fixés à une plate-forme 27, tous les moyens (composants moteurs et électromécaniques) pour la préhension et l'entraínement en rotation de la pièce 19. Plus précisément, un moteur électrique 29 entraíne un support 31 d'axe horizontal, porté par un montant 32 s'étendant sous la plate-forme 27. Le support 31 est entraíné par l'intermédiaire d'un jeu de pignons 33. Ce support est conformé et dimensionné pour s'adapter à une extrémité 36 de la pièce. Ledit support 31 est largement ajouré pour ne pas entraver la circulation d'un liquide à l'intérieur de la pièce, notamment un produit de décapage ou un produit neutralisant ou de rinçage. Un élément tournant 37 non motorisé porte trois bras 38 venant s'adapter à l'autre extrémité 39 de la pièce. L'élément tournant est porté par un montant vertical 41 monté sous la plate-forme 27. L'ensemble se déplace axialement pour permettre la mise en place de la pièce. Ledit support 31 et ledit élément tournant 37 admettent le même axe horizontal. Une fois mise en place, la pièce est maintenue entre eux en étant centrée par les deux extrémités circulaires 36 et 39. Elle peut donc tourner autour de son propre axe de rotation placé en position horizontale. Avant la mise en oeuvre du décapage, la pièce est amenée sous le portique 25 en étant portée par un chariot élévateur 46 (figures 2 et 3) et elle est mise en place entre le support 31 et les bras 38. Elle peut donc être mise en rotation grâce au moteur 29.The support 13 comprises a kind of gantry 25 carrying at its upper part, attached to a platform 27, all means (motor and electromechanical components) for gripping and the drive in rotation of the part 19. More precisely, an engine electrical 29 causes a support 31 of horizontal axis, carried by a amount 32 extending under the platform 27. The support 31 is driven through a set of pinions 33. This support is consistent and sized to fit an end 36 of the workpiece. Said support 31 is widely openwork not to impede the circulation of a liquid to the interior of the room, in particular a stripping product or a product neutralizing or rinsing. A non-motorized rotating element 37 three arms 38 coming to fit the other end 39 of the room. The element rotating is carried by a vertical amount 41 mounted under the platform 27. The assembly moves axially to allow the installation of the room. Said support 31 and said rotating element 37 admit the same horizontal axis. Once in place, the room is maintained between them being centered by the two circular ends 36 and 39. It can therefore rotate around its own axis of rotation placed in position horizontal. Before the implementation of the stripping, the piece is brought under the gantry 25 being carried by a forklift 46 (FIGS. and 3) and is placed between the support 31 and the arms 38. It can therefore be rotated by the engine 29.

La plate-forme 27 porte aussi une pompe 50 dont l'entrée 51 est connectée à un conduit dont l'extrémité 53 est agencée axialement (axe x'x) et raccordée à un collecteur 54, rigide et démontable, susceptible d'être installé axialement à l'intérieur de la pièce, comme représenté. Des conduits d'aspiration 55, souples, sont raccordés à ce collecteur 54. Chaque conduit 55 plonge dans l'une des cavités 23 lorsque le collecteur 54 et la pièce 19 sont en place sur le support 13, comme visible sur la figure 1. La longueur d'un conduit dépend de la cavité qui lui correspond pour que son extrémité inférieure se situe au voisinage de la paroi intérieure de la pièce dans sa partie la plus profondément immergée, c'est-à-dire au fond de ladite cavité correspondante. Ainsi, les moyens de pompage (50, 54, 55) sont adaptés à prélever en permanence du produit décapant à l'intérieur de la pièce et au fond de chaque cavité, lorsque ladite pièce est partiellement immergée dans une cuve 59 de produit décapant (figure 5). Si la pièce à décaper était d'une autre nature et ne comportait pas, en particulier, plusieurs cavités, le système d'aspiration à l'intérieur de la pièce pourrait être simplifié et ne comporter, par exemple, qu'un seul conduit souple plongeant dans la partie la plus profonde. En outre, un détecteur de niveau 60 est placé sur le portique et l'installation comporte des moyens pour ajuster la position du support 13 (en hauteur) en sorte que ladite pièce soit immergée partiellement jusqu'à une hauteur prédéterminée, par exemple, selon l'exemple, jusqu'à son axe de rotation x'x. Dans l'exemple et comme représenté, c'est l'ensemble du support 13, c'est-à-dire le portique 25 lui-même, qui est plongé dans la cuve. Pour ce faire, il est porté et transporté par des moyens de levage 61, faisant par exemple partie d'un pont roulant ou analogue, installé sur le site. Lesdits moyens de levage permettent d'ajuster la position du support 13 et par conséquent de la pièce 19 dans la cuve ; ils sont à cet effet pilotés par le détecteur de niveau 60, lequel est fixé sur le support à un emplacement tel qu'il détecte la surface du bain de produit décapant lorsque la pièce est immergée sensiblement jusqu'à l'axe x'x. Les moyens de levage peuvent être asservis au niveau détecté, pour maintenir le détecteur de niveau 60 à la surface du bain de produit décapant.The platform 27 also carries a pump 50 whose inlet 51 is connected to a conduit whose end 53 is arranged axially (x'x axis) and connected to a collector 54, rigid and removable, susceptible to be installed axially inside the room, as shown. of the suction ducts 55, flexible, are connected to this manifold 54. Each conduit 55 dips into one of the cavities 23 when the collector 54 and the piece 19 are in place on the support 13, as visible on the Figure 1. The length of a conduit depends on the cavity that corresponds to it so that its lower end is in the vicinity of the wall interior of the room in its most deeply submerged part, that is to say at the bottom of said corresponding cavity. Thus, the means of pumping (50, 54, 55) are adapted to continuously take the product stripper inside the room and at the bottom of each cavity, when said part is partially immersed in a tank 59 of product stripper (Figure 5). If the piece to be stripped was of a different nature and did not include, in particular, several cavities, the suction system to the interior of the room could be simplified and include, for example, only one flexible pipe plunging into the deepest part. In in addition, a level detector 60 is placed on the gantry and the installation comprises means for adjusting the position of the support 13 (in height) so that said part is partially immersed up to a height predetermined, for example, according to the example, up to its axis of rotation xx '. In the example and as shown, it is the whole of the support 13, that is to say the gantry itself, which is immersed in the tank. For this to do, it is carried and carried by lifting means 61, making by example part of a crane or similar, installed on the site. said lifting means make it possible to adjust the position of the support 13 and by consequent of the piece 19 in the tank; they are for this purpose driven by the level detector 60, which is fixed on the support at a location as it detects the surface of the cleaner bath when the piece is immersed substantially to the x'x axis. Lifting means can be slaved to the detected level, to maintain the level 60 detector on the surface of the cleaner bath.

De préférence, l'installation comporte des moyens pour maintenir un niveau sensiblement constant de produit décapant par rapport à ladite pièce. Comme les moyens de pompage prélèvent du produit décapant au fond de la pièce, la pompe 50 est agencée pour recycler en permanence le produit décapant dans la cuve, à l'extérieur de la pièce 19. Un conduit 56 connecté à la sortie de refoulement 52 de la pompe plonge dans la cuve. Ce recyclage permet en pratique de maintenir le niveau de produit décapant à un niveau constant dans la cuve dès lors que le support 13 a été plongé dans celle-ci à une profondeur déterminée par le détecteur de niveau 60. Du fait que le produit décapant est pompé en permanence dans les cavités 23 et au fond de celles-ci, puis recyclé dans la cuve à l'extérieur de la pièce, l'activité du produit décapant est maintenue homogène en tous points de la cuve. Pour déterminer le temps de traitement nécessaire en tenant compte de l'activité du produit décapant (lequel s'épuise progressivement) il suffit de décaper au préalable une éprouvette ayant subi le même traitement thermique que la pièce et d'en déduire un temps de décapage pour ladite pièce.Preferably, the installation comprises means for maintain a substantially constant level of cleaner product by relative to said piece. Since the pumping means take stripper product at the bottom of the room, the pump 50 is arranged to continuously recycle the paint remover into the tank, outside the 19. A conduit 56 connected to the discharge outlet 52 of the pump plunges into the tank. This recycling makes it possible in practice to maintain the level of stripper product at a constant level in the tank from then on that the support 13 has been immersed in it at a determined depth by the level 60 detector. Because the cleaner is pumped permanently in the cavities 23 and at the bottom thereof, and then recycled in the tank outside the room, the activity of the cleaner product is maintained homogeneous in all points of the tank. To determine the time of treatment necessary taking into account the activity of the product stripper (which gradually wears out) simply stripping at a specimen having undergone the same heat treatment as the piece and deduce a stripping time for said piece.

De plus, au moins certains conduits d'aspiration 55 sont munis de restrictions d'écoulement calibrées 65 (en amont du collecteur 54), la section de chaque restriction étant calculée en fonction du volume de la cavité dans laquelle plonge le conduit d'aspiration correspondant. Ceci permet de maintenir constant le niveau de produit décapant dans la pièce elle-même, notamment à la fin du décapage pendant le temps où ladite pièce est extraite de la cuve et continue d'être vidée.In addition, at least some suction ducts 55 are provided calibrated flow restrictions 65 (upstream of the manifold 54), the section of each restriction being calculated according to the volume of the cavity in which plunges the corresponding suction duct. This keeps the level of cleaning product constant in the room itself, especially at the end of stripping during the time when the said piece is extracted from the tank and continues to be emptied.

Pendant le traitement lui-même, le pompage est équilibré entre les cavités, ce qui permet encore d'uniformiser le décapage dans celles-ci.During the treatment itself, the pumping is balanced between the cavities, which makes it possible to standardize the stripping in these.

L'installation comporte aussi une cuve de produit neutralisant 62, située à proximité de la cuve 59 et des moyens pour transférer la pièce 19 (en l'occurrence, ici, l'ensemble de la pièce et du portique 25) depuis la cuve 59 jusqu'à la cuve 62. Ces moyens sont ici constitués par les moyens de levage 61 précédemment mentionnés.The installation also includes a tank of neutralizing product 62, located near the tank 59 and means for transferring the piece 19 (in this case, here, the whole of the piece and the portico 25) from the tank 59 to the tank 62. These means are here constituted by the lifting means 61 previously mentioned.

Dans l'exemple décrit où la pièce est en alliage de titane, le produit décapant est un mélange d'acide nitrique et d'acide fluorhydrique. Le produit neutralisant est de l'eau.In the example described where the piece is made of titanium alloy, the Stripper product is a mixture of nitric acid and hydrofluoric acid. The neutralizing product is water.

La mise en oeuvre du procédé découle avec évidence de la description qui précède. On commence par mettre en place la pièce sur le support 13, comme illustré aux figures 2 et 3. Le collecteur 54 est lui aussi mis en place de façon que chacun des conduits souples 55 plonge dans une cavité. Le collecteur est ensuite raccordé à la pompe 50. La situation est alors celle illustrée sur la figure 1. Le support 13 est pris en charge par les moyens de levage 61 et amené au dessus de la cuve 59 comme représenté à la figure 4. Il est abaissé jusqu'à ce que le détecteur de niveau 60 rencontre la surface du produit décapant dans la cuve 59. Le déclenchement du détecteur commande l'arrêt de la descente du support 13. Pendant la descente, la pièce est déjà entraínée en rotation. Le décapage s'opère extérieurement et intérieurement, comme représenté sur la figure 5 avec recyclage permanent du produit décapant pompé dans les cavités. Comme indiqué précédemment, les débits de produit décapant prélevé dans les cavités sont ajustés les uns par rapport aux autres sensiblement proportionnellement aux volumes respectifs de ces cavités. Cet ajustement des débits est obtenu grâce aux restrictions d'écoulement 65, différemment calibrées. A la fin du décapage, on extrait la pièce du bain en soulevant à nouveau le support 13 tout en poursuivant le pompage à l'intérieur de la pièce en sorte que le niveau de produit décapant restant à l'intérieur de la pièce diminue progressivement grâce au pompage mais reste sensiblement égal dans toutes les cavités. Une fois que la pièce est totalement extraite et vidée de produit décapant (figure 6) elle est transférée vers la cuve 62 de produit neutralisant et à nouveau immergée dans celui-ci. La rotation de la pièce est avantageusement poursuivie pendant toute la phase de rinçage, de même que le recyclage.The implementation of the process obviously follows from the above description. We start by putting the piece on the support 13, as shown in Figures 2 and 3. The collector 54 is also set up so that each of the flexible ducts 55 plunges into a cavity. The collector is then connected to the pump 50. The situation is then that illustrated in Figure 1. The support 13 is supported by the lifting means 61 and brought to the top of the tank 59 as shown in Figure 4. It is lowered until the level 60 meets the surface of the stripper product in the tank 59. The triggering of the detector commands the stop of the descent of the support 13. During the descent, the room is already rotated. The stripping takes place externally and internally, as shown in FIG. 5 with permanent recycling of the pumped stripper product in the cavities. As mentioned before, the product flow rates taken from the cavities are adjusted to each other substantially proportionally to the respective volumes of these cavities. This flow adjustment is achieved through flow restrictions 65, differently calibrated. At the end of the stripping, we extract the piece of bath by raising again the support 13 while continuing the pumping inside the room so that the product level stripper remaining inside the room gradually decreases thanks pumping but remains substantially equal in all cavities. A Once the part is completely extracted and emptied (Figure 6) it is transferred to the tank 62 of neutralizing product and to again immersed in this one. The rotation of the room is advantageously continued throughout the rinsing phase, likewise than recycling.

Claims (17)

Procédé de décapage d'une pièce creuse de révolution (19), caractérisé en ce qu'il consiste faire tourner ladite pièce autour de son axe de rotation (x',x) orienté horizontalement, à immerger partiellement ladite pièce dans une cuve (59) remplie de produit décapant de façon que celui-ci pénètre à l'intérieur de ladite pièce, à faire tourner ladite pièce pendant ledit décapage et à pomper (50) en permanence le produit décapant à l'intérieur de ladite pièce tout en maintenant sensiblement constant le niveau de produit décapant par rapport à ladite pièce.Process for stripping a hollow part of revolution (19), characterized in that it consists of rotating said part about its axis of rotation (x ', x) oriented horizontally, to partially immerse said part in a tank (59) ) filled with the etchant so that it penetrates inside said workpiece, to rotate said workpiece during said pickling and to continuously pump (50) the pickling product into said workpiece while substantially maintaining constant level of stripper product relative to said piece. Procédé selon la revendication 1, caractérisé en ce qu'on immerge ladite pièce sensiblement jusqu'à son axe de rotation (x',x).Process according to claim 1, characterized in that said part is immersed substantially as far as its axis of rotation (x ', x). Procédé selon la revendication 1 ou 2, caractérisé en ce qu'on recycle le produit décapant dans ladite cuve, en le réintroduisant dans celle-ci à l'extérieur de ladite pièce.Process according to Claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the pickling product is recycled into said tank, by reintroducing it into the latter outside of said part. Procédé selon la revendication 2 ou 3, mis en oeuvre pour le décapage d'une roue de rotor à disques soudés comportant une pluralité de cavités annulaires (23) coaxiales, adjacentes axialement, caractérisé en ce que le pompage est opéré en prélevant le produit décapant dans lesdites cavités et en ajustant les débits entre eux, sensiblement proportionnellement aux volumes respectifs de ces cavités.Process according to claim 2 or 3, used for pickling a rotor wheel with welded discs comprising a plurality of axially adjacent coaxial annular cavities (23), characterized in that the pumping is carried out by removing the stripper product in said cavities and adjusting the flow rates between them, substantially in proportion to the respective volumes of these cavities. Procédé selon la revendication 4, caractérisé en ce qu'on pompe le produit de décapage par l'intermédiaire de plusieurs conduits d'aspiration (55) plongeant respectivement dans lesdites cavités, les débits dans ces conduits d'aspiration étant ajustés par des restrictions d'écoulement (65) différemment calibrées.Method according to Claim 4, characterized in that the pickling product is pumped through a plurality of suction lines (55) respectively immersed in said cavities, the flow rates in these suction pipes being adjusted by means of restrictions of flow (65) differently calibrated. Procédé selon l'une des revendications précédentes, caractérisé en ce que, à la fin dudit décapage, on extrait la pièce du bain de produit décapant tout en poursuivant le pompage à l'intérieur de ladite pièce.Process according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that , at the end of said pickling, the piece is extracted from the pickling product bath while continuing the pumping inside said part. Procédé selon l'une des revendications précédentes, caractérisé en ce que, après avoir sorti la pièce du bain de produit décapant, on la plonge dans un bain de produit neutralisant.Method according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that , after removing the piece of the bath of stripping product, it is immersed in a bath of neutralizing product. Installation de décapage d'une pièce creuse de révolution, caractérisée en ce qu'elle comporte un support (13) équipé de moyens de préhension et d'entraínement en rotation (17) de ladite pièce, agencés pour la maintenir et l'entraíner en rotation autour de son axe de rotation (x',x) orienté horizontalement, une cuve de produit décapant (59), des moyens pour abaisser ladite pièce dans ladite cuve et pour l'immerger partiellement dans ledit produit décapant, des moyens de pompage (50, 54, 55) pour prélever en permanence du produit décapant à l'intérieur de ladite pièce et des moyens pour maintenir un niveau sensiblement constant de produit décapant par rapport à ladite pièce.Apparatus for stripping a hollow part of revolution, characterized in that it comprises a support (13) equipped with gripping means and rotational drive (17) of said part, arranged to maintain and drive it in rotation about its axis of rotation (x ', x) oriented horizontally, a tank of cleaning product (59), means for lowering said part in said tank and for partially immersing it in said stripping product, pumping means ( 50, 54, 55) for continuously removing stripper material within said workpiece and means for maintaining a substantially constant level of stripper material relative to said workpiece. Installation selon la revendication 8, caractérisée en ce qu'elle comporte un détecteur de niveau (60) et des moyens pour ajuster la position dudit support (13) en sorte que ladite pièce soit immergée partiellement jusqu'à une profondeur prédéterminée, par exemple sensiblement jusqu'à son axe de rotation.Installation according to claim 8, characterized in that it comprises a level detector (60) and means for adjusting the position of said support (13) so that said part is partially immersed to a predetermined depth, for example substantially up to its axis of rotation. Installation selon la revendication 8 ou 9, caractérisée en ce que lesdits moyens de pompage comportent au moins un conduit d'aspiration (55) dont l'extrémité se situe au voisinage de la paroi intérieure de ladite pièce dans sa partie la plus profondément immergée.Installation according to claim 8 or 9, characterized in that said pumping means comprise at least one suction pipe (55) whose end is in the vicinity of the inner wall of said part in its most deeply immersed part. Installation selon l'une des revendications 8 à 10, caractérisée en ce que la sortie de refoulement des moyens de pompage est agencée pour recycler le produit décapant dans la cuve, à l'extérieur de ladite pièce.Installation according to one of claims 8 to 10, characterized in that the discharge outlet of the pumping means is arranged to recycle the pickling product in the tank, outside said part. Installation selon la revendication 10 ou 11, pour le décapage d'une roue de rotor à disques soudés comportant une pluralité de cavités annulaires (23) coaxiales, caractérisée en ce que les moyens de pompage comportent plusieurs conduits d'aspiration (55) précités, plongeant respectivement dans lesdites cavités.Plant according to claim 10 or 11, for stripping a rotor wheel with welded disks having a plurality of coaxial annular cavities (23), characterized in that the pumping means comprise a plurality of suction ducts (55), plunging respectively in said cavities. Installation selon la revendication 12, caractérisée en ce que lesdits conduits d'aspiration sont des conduits souples communiquant avec un collecteur (54) relié à une pompe.Installation according to claim 12, characterized in that said suction ducts are flexible ducts communicating with a manifold (54) connected to a pump. Installation selon la revendication 12 ou 13, caractérisée en ce que certains au moins des conduits d'aspiration sont munis de restrictions d'écoulement calibrées (65), la section de chaque restriction étant calculée en fonction du volume de la cavité dans laquelle plonge le conduit d'aspiration correspondant.Plant according to Claim 12 or 13, characterized in that at least some of the suction ducts are provided with calibrated flow restrictions (65), the section of each restriction being calculated as a function of the volume of the cavity into which the corresponding suction line. Installation selon l'une des revendications 8 à 14, caractérisée en ce qu'elle comporte une cuve (62) de produit neutralisant et des moyens (61) pour transférer la pièce, de la cuve de produit décapant à la cuve de produit neutralisant.Installation according to one of claims 8 to 14, characterized in that it comprises a tank (62) of neutralizing product and means (61) for transferring the workpiece from the cleaner tank to the neutralizing agent tank. Installation selon la revendication 15, caractérisée en ce que ledit produit décapant est un mélange d'acide fluorhydrique et d'acide nitrique.Installation according to claim 15, characterized in that said stripper product is a mixture of hydrofluoric acid and nitric acid. Installation selon la revendication 15, caractérisée en ce que ledit produit neutralisant est l'eau.Installation according to Claim 15, characterized in that the said neutralizing product is water.
EP05291048A 2004-05-17 2005-05-16 Process and apparatus for pickling hollow rotationally symmmetrical workpiece Active EP1598447B1 (en)

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FR0405332A FR2870142B1 (en) 2004-05-17 2004-05-17 METHOD FOR REMOVING A REVOLUTION HOLLOW PIECE AND DEVICE IMPLEMENTING SAID METHOD

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FR3084673A1 (en) * 2018-08-02 2020-02-07 Safran Aircraft Engines DEVICE FOR DIPPING AT LEAST ONE PART OF A TURBOMACHINE IN A CHEMICAL STRIPPING BATH

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RU2005114871A (en) 2006-11-20
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CA2507164A1 (en) 2005-11-17
RU2367527C2 (en) 2009-09-20
CN1699626A (en) 2005-11-23
CN1699626B (en) 2010-06-09
FR2870142A1 (en) 2005-11-18
FR2870142B1 (en) 2007-02-09
CA2507164C (en) 2012-10-16
EP1598447B1 (en) 2012-06-20
US20050252530A1 (en) 2005-11-17
US7703463B2 (en) 2010-04-27
ES2387986T3 (en) 2012-10-05

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